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href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%D8%B3_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="كارولس دوران – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كارولس دوران" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81-%D0%94%D0%B7%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Каролюс-Дзюран – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Каролюс-Дзюран" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus_Duran" title="Carolus Duran – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Carolus Duran" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus-Duran" title="Carolus-Duran – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Carolus-Duran" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89mile_Auguste_Carolus-Duran" title="Émile Auguste Carolus-Duran – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Émile Auguste Carolus-Duran" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus-Duran" title="Carolus-Duran – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Carolus-Duran" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus-Duran" title="Carolus-Duran – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Carolus-Duran" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3-%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="کارلوس-دوران – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کارلوس-دوران" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus-Duran" title="Carolus-Duran – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Carolus-Duran" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD_%D4%B4%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Կարոլյուս Դյուրան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կարոլյուս Դյուրան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Auguste_%C3%89mile_Durand" title="Charles Auguste Émile Durand – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Charles Auguste Émile Durand" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus-Duran" title="Carolus-Duran – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Carolus-Duran" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus-Duran" title="Carolus-Duran – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Carolus-Duran" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus-Duran" title="Carolus-Duran – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Carolus-Duran" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="كارولوس دوران – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كارولوس دوران" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles-%C3%89mile_Auguste_Durand" title="Charles-Émile Auguste Durand – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Charles-Émile Auguste Durand" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AD%E3%83%AA%E3%83%A5%E3%82%B9%EF%BC%9D%E3%83%87%E3%83%A5%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3" title="カロリュス＝デュラン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カロリュス＝デュラン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus-Duran" title="Carolus-Duran – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Carolus-Duran" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus-Duran" title="Carolus-Duran – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Carolus-Duran" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus-Duran" title="Carolus-Duran – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Carolus-Duran" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81-%D0%94%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Каролюс-Дюран – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Каролюс-Дюран" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus-Duran" title="Carolus-Duran – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Carolus-Duran" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus-Duran" title="Carolus-Duran – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Carolus-Duran" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">French portrait painter (1837–1917)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Carolus-Duran</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Carolus-Duran.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Portrait_of_Carolus-Duran.jpg/220px-Portrait_of_Carolus-Duran.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Portrait_of_Carolus-Duran.jpg/330px-Portrait_of_Carolus-Duran.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Portrait_of_Carolus-Duran.jpg/440px-Portrait_of_Carolus-Duran.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6282" data-file-height="7667" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><i>Portrait of Carolus-Duran</i> (1879), <a href="/wiki/Clark_Art_Institute" title="Clark Art Institute">Clark Art Institute</a>, by <a href="/wiki/John_Singer_Sargent" title="John Singer Sargent">John Singer Sargent</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Charles Auguste Émile Durand</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1837-07-04</span>)</span>4 July 1837<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Lille" title="Lille">Lille</a>, France</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">17 February 1917<span style="display:none">(1917-02-17)</span> (aged 79)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, France</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">French</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_des_Beaux-Arts" title="Académie des Beaux-Arts">Académie des Beaux-Arts</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">director of the <a href="/wiki/French_Academy_in_Rome" title="French Academy in Rome">French Academy in Rome</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pauline_Croizette&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pauline Croizette (page does not exist)">Pauline Croizette</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pauline_Croizette" class="extiw" title="fr:Pauline Croizette">fr</a>]</span></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1869; died 1912)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data">Grand Officer, <a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Honour" title="Legion of Honour">Legion of Honour</a> (1900)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="infobox-signature skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Signature_de_Carolus-Duran.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Signature_de_Carolus-Duran.png/150px-Signature_de_Carolus-Duran.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Signature_de_Carolus-Duran.png/225px-Signature_de_Carolus-Duran.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Signature_de_Carolus-Duran.png/300px-Signature_de_Carolus-Duran.png 2x" data-file-width="635" data-file-height="320" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Charles Auguste Émile Durand</b>, known as <b>Carolus-Duran</b><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (4 July 1837 in <a href="/wiki/Lille" title="Lille">Lille</a> – 17 February 1917 in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>), was a French painter and art instructor. He is noted for his stylish depictions of members of <a href="/wiki/Upper_class" title="Upper class">high society</a> in <a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">Third Republic France</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolus-Duran&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The son of a hotel owner, his first drawing lessons were with a local sculptor named Augustin-Phidias Cadet de Beaupré (1800–?) at the <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Lille" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy of Lille">Académie de Lille</a>; then took up painting with <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Souchon" title="François Souchon">François Souchon</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a student of <a href="/wiki/Jacques-Louis_David" title="Jacques-Louis David">Jacques-Louis David</a>. He went to Paris in 1853, where he adopted the name "Carolus-Duran".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1859, he had his first exhibition at the <a href="/wiki/Salon_(Paris)" title="Salon (Paris)">Salon</a>. That same year, he began attending the <a href="/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_Suisse" title="Académie Suisse">Académie Suisse</a>, where he studied until 1861. One of his early influences was the <a href="/wiki/Realism_(art)" class="mw-redirect" title="Realism (art)">Realism</a> of <a href="/wiki/Gustave_Courbet" title="Gustave Courbet">Gustave Courbet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_Auguste_%C3%89mile_Duran_c1880.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Charles_Auguste_%C3%89mile_Duran_c1880.jpg/150px-Charles_Auguste_%C3%89mile_Duran_c1880.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Charles_Auguste_%C3%89mile_Duran_c1880.jpg/225px-Charles_Auguste_%C3%89mile_Duran_c1880.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Charles_Auguste_%C3%89mile_Duran_c1880.jpg/300px-Charles_Auguste_%C3%89mile_Duran_c1880.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="1650" /></a><figcaption> Carolus-Duran (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1880</span>)</figcaption></figure> <p>From 1862 to 1866, he travelled to Rome and Spain, thanks to a scholarship granted by his hometown. During that time, he moved away from Courbet's style and became more interested in <a href="/wiki/Diego_Vel%C3%A1zquez" title="Diego Velázquez">Diego Velázquez</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Upon returning to France, he was awarded his first gold medal at the Salon.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His picture "Murdered", or "The Assassination" (1866), was one of his first successes, but he became best known afterwards as a portrait-painter, and as the head of one of the principal <a href="/wiki/Atelier" title="Atelier">ateliers</a> in Paris, where some of the most brilliant artists of a later generation were his pupils.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1867, he became one of the nine members of the "Société Japonaise du Jinglar" (a type of wine); a group that included <a href="/wiki/Henri_Fantin-Latour" title="Henri Fantin-Latour">Henri Fantin-Latour</a>, <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Bracquemond" title="Félix Bracquemond">Félix Bracquemond</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marc-Louis_Solon" title="Marc-Louis Solon">Marc-Louis Solon</a>. They would meet once a month in <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A8vres" title="Sèvres">Sèvres</a> for a dinner "à la Japonaise".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>He married <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pauline_Croizette&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pauline Croizette (page does not exist)">Pauline Croizette</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pauline_Croizette" class="extiw" title="fr:Pauline Croizette">fr</a>]</span>, a <a href="/wiki/Pastels" class="mw-redirect" title="Pastels">pastellist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Portrait_miniature" title="Portrait miniature">miniaturist</a> who had posed for his painting "The Lady in Gloves" in 1869.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They had three children. Their eldest daughter, Marie-Anne, married the playwright <a href="/wiki/Georges_Feydeau" title="Georges Feydeau">Georges Feydeau</a>. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carolus_duran_gardener.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Carolus_duran_gardener.tif/lossy-page1-175px-Carolus_duran_gardener.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Carolus_duran_gardener.tif/lossy-page1-264px-Carolus_duran_gardener.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Carolus_duran_gardener.tif/lossy-page1-351px-Carolus_duran_gardener.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4561" data-file-height="6571" /></a><figcaption>Carolus-Duran, <i>The Artist's Gardener</i>, 1893, oil on canvas. <a href="/wiki/Clark_Art_Institute" title="Clark Art Institute">Clark Art Institute</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>After 1870, he devoted himself almost entirely to portraits. While many of his paintings depicted wealthy patrons in elegant clothing, he also notably painted a portrait of his gardener which stands in contrast to his other works in its loose strokes and earth tones.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His success allowed him to open a studio on the <a href="/wiki/Boulevard_du_Montparnasse" title="Boulevard du Montparnasse">Boulevard du Montparnasse</a>, where he also gave painting lessons. He was named a Knight in the <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9gion_d%27honneur" class="mw-redirect" title="Légion d'honneur">Légion d'honneur</a> in 1872; being promoted to Officer in 1878, Commander in 1889 and Grand Officer in 1900.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> In 1889 and 1900 he served on the juries at the Expositions Universelles. In 1890, he was one of the co-founders of the second <a href="/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_Nationale_des_Beaux-Arts" title="Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts">Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts</a> and he was elected a member of the <span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_des_Beaux-Arts" title="Académie des Beaux-Arts">Académie des Beaux-Arts</a></span></span> in 1904. The following year, he was appointed Director of the <a href="/wiki/French_Academy_in_Rome" title="French Academy in Rome">French Academy in Rome</a>, a position he held until 1913.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mme_Carolus-Duran,_n%C3%A9e_Pauline_Croizette.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Mme_Carolus-Duran%2C_n%C3%A9e_Pauline_Croizette.jpg/150px-Mme_Carolus-Duran%2C_n%C3%A9e_Pauline_Croizette.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Mme_Carolus-Duran%2C_n%C3%A9e_Pauline_Croizette.jpg/225px-Mme_Carolus-Duran%2C_n%C3%A9e_Pauline_Croizette.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Mme_Carolus-Duran%2C_n%C3%A9e_Pauline_Croizette.jpg/300px-Mme_Carolus-Duran%2C_n%C3%A9e_Pauline_Croizette.jpg 2x" data-file-width="453" data-file-height="642" /></a><figcaption><i>The Lady in Gloves</i>, modeled by his wife Pauline.</figcaption></figure><p>He was a frequent visitor to the resort at <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9jus" title="Fréjus">Fréjus</a>, where he owned a small villa. Following his death at age 79, the resort named a plaza and a beach after him.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pupils">Pupils</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolus-Duran&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Pupils"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>His pupils reportedly included <a href="/wiki/John_Singer_Sargent" title="John Singer Sargent">John Singer Sargent</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Irving_Ramsey_Wiles" title="Irving Ramsey Wiles">Irving Ramsey Wiles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Wormeley_Curtis" title="Ralph Wormeley Curtis">Ralph Wormeley Curtis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francis_Brooks_Chadwick" title="Francis Brooks Chadwick">Francis Brooks Chadwick</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emma_Chadwick" title="Emma Chadwick">Emma Chadwick</a> <a href="/wiki/Jan_Stanis%C5%82awski_(painter)" title="Jan Stanisławski (painter)">Jan Stanisławski (painter)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenyon_Cox" title="Kenyon Cox">Kenyon Cox</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Robinson" title="Theodore Robinson">Theodore Robinson</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Mariquita_Jenny_Moberly" title="Mariquita Jenny Moberly">Mariquita Jenny Moberly</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-LFA_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LFA-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Mariette_Leslie_Cotton" title="Mariette Leslie Cotton">Mariette Leslie Cotton</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Maximilien_Luce" title="Maximilien Luce">Maximilien Luce</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Carroll_Beckwith" title="James Carroll Beckwith">James Carroll Beckwith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Will_Hicok_Low" title="Will Hicok Low">Will Hicok Low</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mary_Fairchild_MacMonnies_Low" title="Mary Fairchild MacMonnies Low">Mary Fairchild MacMonnies Low</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Jean-Baptiste_Brun" title="Alexandre Jean-Baptiste Brun">Alexandre Jean-Baptiste Brun</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Alan_Mowbray_Stevenson" title="Robert Alan Mowbray Stevenson">Robert Alan Mowbray Stevenson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lucy_Lee-Robbins" title="Lucy Lee-Robbins">Lucy Lee-Robbins</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Oxford_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oxford-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Casas" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramón Casas">Ramón Casas i Carbó</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Ange_Duez" title="Ernest Ange Duez">Ernest Ange Duez</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Cadenhead" title="James Cadenhead">James Cadenhead</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carolus-Duran_-_Danae.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Carolus-Duran_-_Danae.jpg/220px-Carolus-Duran_-_Danae.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Carolus-Duran_-_Danae.jpg/330px-Carolus-Duran_-_Danae.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Carolus-Duran_-_Danae.jpg/440px-Carolus-Duran_-_Danae.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1254" /></a><figcaption>Danae</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Selected_works">Selected works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolus-Duran&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Selected works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_works_by_Carolus-Duran" title="List of works by Carolus-Duran">List of works by Carolus-Duran</a></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px; height: 195px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Madame_Henry_Fouquier,_by_Carolus_Duran.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Madame Henry Fouquier (1876)"><img alt="Madame Henry Fouquier (1876)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Madame_Henry_Fouquier%2C_by_Carolus_Duran.jpg/126px-Madame_Henry_Fouquier%2C_by_Carolus_Duran.jpg" decoding="async" width="126" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Madame_Henry_Fouquier%2C_by_Carolus_Duran.jpg/190px-Madame_Henry_Fouquier%2C_by_Carolus_Duran.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Madame_Henry_Fouquier%2C_by_Carolus_Duran.jpg/252px-Madame_Henry_Fouquier%2C_by_Carolus_Duran.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1530" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Madame <a href="/wiki/Henry_Fouquier" title="Henry Fouquier">Henry Fouquier</a></i><br />(1876)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px; height: 195px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carolus-Duran_-_Portrait_of_Edouard_Manet.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Édouard Manet (1880)"><img alt="Édouard Manet (1880)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Carolus-Duran_-_Portrait_of_Edouard_Manet.jpg/137px-Carolus-Duran_-_Portrait_of_Edouard_Manet.jpg" decoding="async" width="137" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Carolus-Duran_-_Portrait_of_Edouard_Manet.jpg/206px-Carolus-Duran_-_Portrait_of_Edouard_Manet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Carolus-Duran_-_Portrait_of_Edouard_Manet.jpg/274px-Carolus-Duran_-_Portrait_of_Edouard_Manet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="913" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Manet" title="Édouard Manet">Édouard Manet</a></i> (1880)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px; height: 195px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anna_Gould.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Anna Gould"><img alt="Anna Gould" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Anna_Gould.jpg/114px-Anna_Gould.jpg" decoding="async" width="114" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Anna_Gould.jpg/172px-Anna_Gould.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Anna_Gould.jpg/228px-Anna_Gould.jpg 2x" data-file-width="234" data-file-height="338" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Anna_Gould" title="Anna Gould">Anna Gould</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px; height: 195px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carolus-Duran---Natalie-at-.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Natalie Clifford Barney at age ten (ca. 1886–1887)"><img alt="Natalie Clifford Barney at age ten (ca. 1886–1887)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Carolus-Duran---Natalie-at-.jpg/123px-Carolus-Duran---Natalie-at-.jpg" decoding="async" width="123" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Carolus-Duran---Natalie-at-.jpg/185px-Carolus-Duran---Natalie-at-.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Carolus-Duran---Natalie-at-.jpg/247px-Carolus-Duran---Natalie-at-.jpg 2x" data-file-width="311" data-file-height="416" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Natalie_Clifford_Barney" title="Natalie Clifford Barney">Natalie Clifford Barney</a><br /> at age ten</i> (ca. 1886–1887)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px; height: 195px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emile_Auguste_Carolus-Duran_-_The_Artist%27s_Daughter,_Marie-Anne.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The Artist's Daughter, Marie-Anne (1874)"><img alt="The Artist's Daughter, Marie-Anne (1874)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Emile_Auguste_Carolus-Duran_-_The_Artist%27s_Daughter%2C_Marie-Anne.JPG/106px-Emile_Auguste_Carolus-Duran_-_The_Artist%27s_Daughter%2C_Marie-Anne.JPG" decoding="async" width="106" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Emile_Auguste_Carolus-Duran_-_The_Artist%27s_Daughter%2C_Marie-Anne.JPG/159px-Emile_Auguste_Carolus-Duran_-_The_Artist%27s_Daughter%2C_Marie-Anne.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Emile_Auguste_Carolus-Duran_-_The_Artist%27s_Daughter%2C_Marie-Anne.JPG/212px-Emile_Auguste_Carolus-Duran_-_The_Artist%27s_Daughter%2C_Marie-Anne.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2980" data-file-height="4630" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Artist's Daughter,<br /> Marie-Anne</i> (1874)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px; height: 195px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Madame_Ernest_Feydeau,_by_Carolus_Duran.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Marie-Anne as Madame Feydeau (1897)"><img alt="Marie-Anne as Madame Feydeau (1897)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Madame_Ernest_Feydeau%2C_by_Carolus_Duran.jpg/119px-Madame_Ernest_Feydeau%2C_by_Carolus_Duran.jpg" decoding="async" width="119" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Madame_Ernest_Feydeau%2C_by_Carolus_Duran.jpg/178px-Madame_Ernest_Feydeau%2C_by_Carolus_Duran.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Madame_Ernest_Feydeau%2C_by_Carolus_Duran.jpg/237px-Madame_Ernest_Feydeau%2C_by_Carolus_Duran.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Marie-Anne as <i>Madame Feydeau</i> (1897)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px; height: 195px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:G_Feydeau_Carolus-Duran_Lille_2918.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Georges Feydeau (ca. 1900)"><img alt="Georges Feydeau (ca. 1900)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/G_Feydeau_Carolus-Duran_Lille_2918.jpg/125px-G_Feydeau_Carolus-Duran_Lille_2918.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/G_Feydeau_Carolus-Duran_Lille_2918.jpg/188px-G_Feydeau_Carolus-Duran_Lille_2918.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/G_Feydeau_Carolus-Duran_Lille_2918.jpg/251px-G_Feydeau_Carolus-Duran_Lille_2918.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1293" data-file-height="1701" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Georges_Feydeau" title="Georges Feydeau">Georges Feydeau</a></i><br />(ca. 1900)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px; height: 195px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Brooklyn_Museum_-_Portrait_of_Emily_Warren_Roebling_-_Charles-%C3%89mile-Auguste_Carolus-Duran.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portrait of Emily Warren Roebling (ca. 1896), Brooklyn Museum"><img alt="Portrait of Emily Warren Roebling (ca. 1896), Brooklyn Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Brooklyn_Museum_-_Portrait_of_Emily_Warren_Roebling_-_Charles-%C3%89mile-Auguste_Carolus-Duran.jpg/87px-Brooklyn_Museum_-_Portrait_of_Emily_Warren_Roebling_-_Charles-%C3%89mile-Auguste_Carolus-Duran.jpg" decoding="async" width="87" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Brooklyn_Museum_-_Portrait_of_Emily_Warren_Roebling_-_Charles-%C3%89mile-Auguste_Carolus-Duran.jpg/131px-Brooklyn_Museum_-_Portrait_of_Emily_Warren_Roebling_-_Charles-%C3%89mile-Auguste_Carolus-Duran.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Brooklyn_Museum_-_Portrait_of_Emily_Warren_Roebling_-_Charles-%C3%89mile-Auguste_Carolus-Duran.jpg/174px-Brooklyn_Museum_-_Portrait_of_Emily_Warren_Roebling_-_Charles-%C3%89mile-Auguste_Carolus-Duran.jpg 2x" data-file-width="811" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Portrait of <a href="/wiki/Emily_Warren_Roebling" title="Emily Warren Roebling">Emily Warren Roebling</a></i> (ca. 1896), <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Museum" title="Brooklyn Museum">Brooklyn Museum</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px; height: 195px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carolus-Duran_-_Merrymakers_(1870).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Merrymakers (1870)"><img alt="Merrymakers (1870)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Carolus-Duran_-_Merrymakers_%281870%29.jpg/145px-Carolus-Duran_-_Merrymakers_%281870%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Carolus-Duran_-_Merrymakers_%281870%29.jpg/218px-Carolus-Duran_-_Merrymakers_%281870%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Carolus-Duran_-_Merrymakers_%281870%29.jpg/290px-Carolus-Duran_-_Merrymakers_%281870%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1349" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Merrymakers</i><br />(1870)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px; height: 195px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carolus-Duran,_1868_-_Le_baiser.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Le Baiser (The Kiss) (1868) Self-portrait with his wife as newlyweds."><img alt="Le Baiser (The Kiss) (1868) Self-portrait with his wife as newlyweds." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Carolus-Duran%2C_1868_-_Le_baiser.jpg/145px-Carolus-Duran%2C_1868_-_Le_baiser.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Carolus-Duran%2C_1868_-_Le_baiser.jpg/218px-Carolus-Duran%2C_1868_-_Le_baiser.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Carolus-Duran%2C_1868_-_Le_baiser.jpg/290px-Carolus-Duran%2C_1868_-_Le_baiser.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1588" data-file-height="1604" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Le Baiser (The Kiss)</i><br />(1868) Self-portrait with his wife as newlyweds.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px; height: 195px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mademoiselle_de_Lancey,_by_Carolus-Duran.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mademoiselle de Lancey"><img alt="Mademoiselle de Lancey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Mademoiselle_de_Lancey%2C_by_Carolus-Duran.jpg/145px-Mademoiselle_de_Lancey%2C_by_Carolus-Duran.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Mademoiselle_de_Lancey%2C_by_Carolus-Duran.jpg/218px-Mademoiselle_de_Lancey%2C_by_Carolus-Duran.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Mademoiselle_de_Lancey%2C_by_Carolus-Duran.jpg/290px-Mademoiselle_de_Lancey%2C_by_Carolus-Duran.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4538" data-file-height="3391" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Mademoiselle de Lancey</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px; height: 195px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carolus-Duran_-_Equestrian_Portrait_of_Mademoiselle_Croizette.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Equestrian Portrait of Mademoiselle Croizette (1873)"><img alt="Equestrian Portrait of Mademoiselle Croizette (1873)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Carolus-Duran_-_Equestrian_Portrait_of_Mademoiselle_Croizette.JPG/145px-Carolus-Duran_-_Equestrian_Portrait_of_Mademoiselle_Croizette.JPG" decoding="async" width="145" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Carolus-Duran_-_Equestrian_Portrait_of_Mademoiselle_Croizette.JPG/218px-Carolus-Duran_-_Equestrian_Portrait_of_Mademoiselle_Croizette.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Carolus-Duran_-_Equestrian_Portrait_of_Mademoiselle_Croizette.JPG/290px-Carolus-Duran_-_Equestrian_Portrait_of_Mademoiselle_Croizette.JPG 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Equestrian Portrait of Mademoiselle Croizette</i> (1873)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px; height: 195px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Scribner%27s_magazine_(1887)_(14801544383).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Poet with the Mandolin (1887)"><img alt="The Poet with the Mandolin (1887)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Scribner%27s_magazine_%281887%29_%2814801544383%29.jpg/145px-Scribner%27s_magazine_%281887%29_%2814801544383%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Scribner%27s_magazine_%281887%29_%2814801544383%29.jpg/218px-Scribner%27s_magazine_%281887%29_%2814801544383%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Scribner%27s_magazine_%281887%29_%2814801544383%29.jpg/290px-Scribner%27s_magazine_%281887%29_%2814801544383%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2458" data-file-height="2580" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Poet with the <a href="/wiki/Mandolin" title="Mandolin">Mandolin</a></i> (1887)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px; height: 195px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carolus-Duran_Retrato_de_D._Maria_Pia.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Maria Pia of Savoy, Queen of Portugal (1883)"><img alt="Maria Pia of Savoy, Queen of Portugal (1883)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Carolus-Duran_Retrato_de_D._Maria_Pia.jpg/106px-Carolus-Duran_Retrato_de_D._Maria_Pia.jpg" decoding="async" width="106" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Carolus-Duran_Retrato_de_D._Maria_Pia.jpg/159px-Carolus-Duran_Retrato_de_D._Maria_Pia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Carolus-Duran_Retrato_de_D._Maria_Pia.jpg/212px-Carolus-Duran_Retrato_de_D._Maria_Pia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="809" data-file-height="1260" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Maria_Pia_of_Savoy" title="Maria Pia of Savoy">Maria Pia of Savoy</a></i>, Queen of Portugal (1883) </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolus-Duran&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChisholm1911">Chisholm 1911</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iment.com/maida/family/mother/vicars/carolusduran.htm">Profile</a>, iment.com. Accessed 17 February 2024.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kids.britannica.com/students/article/AE-Carolus-Duran/318827">Profile</a>, Britannica.com. Accessed 17 February 2024.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.museodelprado.es/coleccion/artista/wd/3ef92f7b-359d-4e85-83e7-c73140af9139">Museo del Prado</a>, museodelprado.es. Accessed 17 February 2024.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://artnouveaujugendstil.blogspot.fr/2012/04/un-artiste-reevaluer-carolus-duran.html"><i>Un artiste à réévaluer : Carolus-Duran </i></a>, "Art Nouveau et Jugendstil. Courants artistiques et littéraires de 1880 à 1920", April 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/collections/works-in-focus/painting/commentaire_id/the-lady-with-the-glove-3118.html?cHash=ec43abf4f4">"The Lady with the Glove"</a>, Musee-orsay.fr. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leightonfineart.co.uk/art-and-antiques/detail/57813">the original</a> on 29 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Best+Friends&rft.pub=Leighton+Fine+Art&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.leightonfineart.co.uk%2Fart-and-antiques%2Fdetail%2F57813&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolus-Duran" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlorence_Nightingale_Levy1910" class="citation book cs1">Florence Nightingale Levy (1910). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TpRFAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA112"><i>American Art Directory</i></a>. R.R. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5488545z/f477.image;jsessionid=79E1553E86D775D6F48577DD77292920">the original</a> on 16 November 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Inventaire+du+fonds+fran%C3%A7ais+apr%C3%A8s+1800&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgallica.bnf.fr%2Fark%3A%2F12148%2Fbpt6k5488545z%2Ff477.image%3Bjsessionid%3D79E1553E86D775D6F48577DD77292920&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolus-Duran" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oxford-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Oxford_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191110130541/https://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/benz/9780199773787.article.B00106494">"Lee Robbins, Lucy"</a>. <i>Oxford index</i>. Oxford University Press. 31 October 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/benz/9780199773787.article.B00106494">the original</a> on 10 November 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oxford+index&rft.atitle=Lee+Robbins%2C+Lucy&rft.date=2011-10-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foxfordindex.oup.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Fbenz%2F9780199773787.article.B00106494&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolus-Duran" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mowat, Alison (Ed.) (2013), <i>James Cadenhead RSA RSW 1858 - 1927: His Letters Home as a Young Man</i>, Alison Mowat, pp. 98-100</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><b>Attribution:</b> </p> <ul><li><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Carolus-Duran" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Carolus-Duran">Carolus-Duran</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 381.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Carolus-Duran&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=381&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolus-Duran" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolus-Duran&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210117002212/http://frenchsculpture.org/en/artist/carolus-duran-charles-auguste-emile-durant-known-as-emile-auguste">Carolus-Duran</a> in American public collections, on the French Sculpture Census website <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274901#P2380" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li></ul> <div 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Georges_Feydeau" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Georges_Feydeau" title="Template:Georges Feydeau"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Georges_Feydeau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Georges Feydeau (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Georges_Feydeau" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Georges Feydeau"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Georges_Feydeau" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Georges_Feydeau" title="Georges Feydeau">Georges Feydeau</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Monsieur_chasse!" title="Monsieur chasse!">Monsieur chasse!</a></i> (1892)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Champignol_malgr%C3%A9_lui" title="Champignol malgré lui">Champignol malgré lui</a></i> (1892)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Syst%C3%A8me_Ribadier" title="Le Système Ribadier">Le Système Ribadier</a></i> (1892)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Un_fil_%C3%A0_la_patte" title="Un fil à la patte">Un fil à la patte</a></i> (1894)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Dindon" title="Le Dindon">Le Dindon</a></i> (1896)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Dame_de_chez_Maxim_(play)" title="La Dame de chez Maxim (play)">La Dame de chez Maxim</a></i> (1899)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Flea_in_Her_Ear" title="A Flea in Her Ear">La Puce à l'oreille</a></i> (1907)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Occupe-toi_d%27Am%C3%A9lie!" title="Occupe-toi d'Amélie!">Occupe-toi d'Amélie!</a></i> (1908)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Je_ne_trompe_pas_mon_mari!" title="Je ne trompe pas mon mari!">Je ne trompe pas mon mari!</a></i> (1914)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Screen_adaptations_of_plays_by_Georges_Feydeau" title="Screen adaptations of plays by Georges Feydeau">Adaptations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/La_dama_de_Chez_Maxim%27s" title="La dama de Chez Maxim's">La dama de Chez Maxim's</a></i> (1923)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Take_Care_of_Amelia" title="Take Care of Amelia">Take Care of Amelia</a></i> (1925)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Queen_of_Moulin_Rouge" title="The Queen of Moulin Rouge">The Queen of Moulin Rouge</a></i> (1926)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/On_purge_b%C3%A9b%C3%A9" title="On purge bébé">On purge bébé</a></i> (1931)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Take_Care_of_Amelie" title="Take Care of Amelie">Take Care of Amelie</a></i> (1932)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Girl_from_Maxim%27s" title="The Girl from Maxim's">The Girl from Maxim's</a></i> (1933)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_dame_de_chez_Maxim%27s_(1933_film)" title="La dame de chez Maxim's (1933 film)">La dame de chez Maxim's</a></i> (1933)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Keep_an_Eye_on_Amelia" title="Keep an Eye on Amelia">Keep an Eye on Amelia</a></i> (1949)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Girl_from_Maxim%27s_(1950_film)" title="The Girl from Maxim's (1950 film)">The Girl from Maxim's</a></i> (1950)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Turkey_(film)" title="The Turkey (film)">The Turkey</a></i> (1951)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C3%84ktenskapsbrottaren" title="Äktenskapsbrottaren">Äktenskapsbrottaren</a></i> (1964)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Paradiso_(film)" title="Hotel Paradiso (film)">Hotel Paradiso</a></i> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Flea_in_Her_Ear_(film)" title="A Flea in Her Ear (film)">A Flea in Her Ear</a></i> (1968)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ernest-Aim%C3%A9_Feydeau" title="Ernest-Aimé Feydeau">Ernest-Aimé Feydeau</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Carolus-Duran</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274901#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274901#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274901#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/34662644">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/116457775">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n87896143">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14066446t">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14066446t">BnF data</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500115346">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/15483">RKD Artists</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd116457775.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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