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Shin</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: A-Reum Shin"> <meta name="keywords" content="A-Reum Shin"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="A-Reum Shin"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 237</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: A-Reum Shin</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">237</span> On Chvátal’s Conjecture for the Hamiltonicity of 1-Tough Graphs and Their Complements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin-Shin%20Kao">Shin-Shin Kao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuan-Kang%20Shih"> Yuan-Kang Shih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsun%20Su"> Hsun Su</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we show that the conjecture of Chv tal, which states that any 1-tough graph is either a Hamiltonian graph or its complement contains a specific graph denoted by F, does not hold in general. More precisely, it is true only for graphs with six or seven vertices, and is false for graphs with eight or more vertices. A theorem is derived as a correction for the conjecture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complement" title="complement">complement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=degree%20sum" title=" degree sum"> degree sum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hamiltonian" title=" hamiltonian"> hamiltonian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tough" title=" tough"> tough</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78455/on-chvatals-conjecture-for-the-hamiltonicity-of-1-tough-graphs-and-their-complements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78455.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">236</span> Hamiltonian Related Properties with and without Faults of the Dual-Cube Interconnection Network and Their Variations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shih-Yan%20Chen">Shih-Yan Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin-Shin%20Kao"> Shin-Shin Kao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a thorough review about dual-cubes, DCn, the related studies and their variations are given. DCn was introduced to be a network which retains the pleasing properties of hypercube Qn but has a much smaller diameter. In fact, it is so constructed that the number of vertices of DCn is equal to the number of vertices of Q2n +1. However, each vertex in DCn is adjacent to n + 1 neighbors and so DCn has (n + 1) × 2^2n edges in total, which is roughly half the number of edges of Q2n+1. In addition, the diameter of any DCn is 2n +2, which is of the same order of that of Q2n+1. For selfcompleteness, basic definitions, construction rules and symbols are provided. We chronicle the results, where eleven significant theorems are presented, and include some open problems at the end. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual-cubes" title="dual-cubes">dual-cubes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual-cube%20extensive%20networks" title=" dual-cube extensive networks"> dual-cube extensive networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual-cube-like%20networks" title=" dual-cube-like networks"> dual-cube-like networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypercubes" title=" hypercubes"> hypercubes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fault-tolerant%20hamiltonian%20property" title=" fault-tolerant hamiltonian property"> fault-tolerant hamiltonian property</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39202/hamiltonian-related-properties-with-and-without-faults-of-the-dual-cube-interconnection-network-and-their-variations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39202.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">470</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">235</span> A Further Study on the 4-Ordered Property of Some Chordal Ring Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin-Shin%20Kao">Shin-Shin Kao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsiu-Chunj%20Pan"> Hsiu-Chunj Pan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Given a graph G. A cycle of G is a sequence of vertices of G such that the first and the last vertices are the same. A hamiltonian cycle of G is a cycle containing all vertices of G. The graph G is k-ordered (resp. k-ordered hamiltonian) if for any sequence of k distinct vertices of G, there exists a cycle (resp. hamiltonian cycle) in G containing these k vertices in the specified order. Obviously, any cycle in a graph is 1-ordered, 2-ordered and 3-ordered. Thus the study of any graph being k-ordered (resp. k-ordered hamiltonian) always starts with k = 4. Most studies about this topic work on graphs with no real applications. To our knowledge, the chordal ring families were the first one utilized as the underlying topology in interconnection networks and shown to be 4-ordered [1]. Furthermore, based on computer experimental results in [1], it was conjectured that some of them are 4-ordered hamiltonian. In this paper, we intend to give some possible directions in proving the conjecture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamiltonian%20cycle" title="Hamiltonian cycle">Hamiltonian cycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=4-ordered" title=" 4-ordered"> 4-ordered</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chordal%20rings" title=" Chordal rings"> Chordal rings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3-regular" title=" 3-regular"> 3-regular</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13946/a-further-study-on-the-4-ordered-property-of-some-chordal-ring-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13946.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">234</span> Analysis of Weather Radar Data for the Cloud Seeding in Korea, 2018</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yonghun%20Ro">Yonghun Ro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joo-Wan%20Cha"> Joo-Wan Cha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanghee%20Chae"> Sanghee Chae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Areum%20Ko"> Areum Ko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Woonseon%20Jung"> Woonseon Jung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong-Chul%20Ha"> Jong-Chul Ha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> National Institute of Meteorological Science (NIMS) in South Korea has performed the cloud seeding to support the field of cloud physics. This is to determine the precipitation occurrence analyzing the changes in the microphysical schemes of clouds. NIMS conducted 12 times of cloud seeding in the lower height of the troposphere at Kangwon and Kyunggi provinces throughout 2018. The change in the reflectivity of the weather radar was analyzed to verify the enhancement of precipitation according to the cloud seeding in this study. First, the natural system in the near of the target area was separated to clear the seeding effect. The radar reflectivity in the point of ground gauge station was extracted in every 10 minutes and the increased values during the reaction time of cloud particles and seeding materials were estimated as a seeding effect considering the cloud temperature, wind speed and direction, and seeding line that the aircraft had passed by. The radar reflectivity affected by seeding materials was showed an increment of 5 to 10 dBZ, and enhanced precipitation cloud was also detected in the 11 cases of cloud seeding experiments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cloud%20seeding" title="cloud seeding">cloud seeding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reflectivity" title=" reflectivity"> reflectivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weather%20radar" title=" weather radar"> weather radar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seeding%20effect" title=" seeding effect"> seeding effect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112767/analysis-of-weather-radar-data-for-the-cloud-seeding-in-korea-2018" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112767.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">233</span> Analysis of Big Data on Leisure Activities and Depression for the Disabled</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hee-Jung%20Seo">Hee-Jung Seo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yunjung%20Lee"> Yunjung Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Areum%20Han"> Areum Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heeyoung%20Park"> Heeyoung Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Se-Hyuk%20Park"> Se-Hyuk Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between happiness and depression among people with disabilities and to analyze the social phenomenon of leisure activities among them to promote physical and leisure activities for people with disabilities. The research methods included analyzing differences in happiness according to depression classification. A total of 281 people with disabilities were analyzed using SPSS WIN Ver. 29.0. In addition, the SumTrend platform was used to analyze terms related to 'leisure activities for the disabled.' The findings can be summarized into two main points: First, there were significant differences in happiness according to depression classification. Second, there were 20 mentions before COVID-19, 34 mentions after COVID-19, and currently 43 mentions, with high positive rates observed in each period. Based on these results, the following conclusions were drawn: First, measures for people with disabilities include strengthening online resources and services, social distancing response policies, improving accessibility, and providing support and financial assistance. Second, measures for non-disabled individuals emphasize the need for education and information provision, promoting dialogue and interaction, ensuring accessibility, and promoting inclusive cultural awareness and attitude change. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leisure%20activities" title="leisure activities">leisure activities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=individuals%20with%20disabilities" title=" individuals with disabilities"> individuals with disabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19%20pandemic" title=" COVID-19 pandemic"> COVID-19 pandemic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depression" title=" depression"> depression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186518/analysis-of-big-data-on-leisure-activities-and-depression-for-the-disabled" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186518.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">48</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">232</span> Myths and Strategies for Teaching Calculus in English for Taiwanese Students: A Report Based on Three-Years of Practice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin-Shin%20Kao">Shin-Shin Kao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper reviews the crucial situation in higher education in Taiwan due to the rapid decline of the birth rate in the past three decades, and how the government and local colleges/universities work to face the challenge. Recruiting international students is one of the possible ways to resolve the problem, but offering enough courses in English is one of the main obstacles when the majority of learners are still Taiwanese students. In the academic year of 2012, Chung Yuan Christian University determined to make its campus international and began to enforce two required courses for freshmen taught in English. It failed in the beginning, but succeeded in the following academic year of 2013. Using the teaching evaluations accumulated in the past three years, this paper aims to clarify the myths which had been bothering most faculties. It also offers some suggestions for college/university teachers interested in giving lectures in English to English as Second Language (ESL) learners. A conclusion is presented at the end of the paper, in which the author explained why Taiwanese students could learn their profession in English. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calculus" title="calculus">calculus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English" title=" English"> English</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20evaluation" title=" teaching evaluation"> teaching evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20strategy" title=" teaching strategy"> teaching strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vocabulary" title=" vocabulary"> vocabulary</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59193/myths-and-strategies-for-teaching-calculus-in-english-for-taiwanese-students-a-report-based-on-three-years-of-practice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59193.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">231</span> Development of Nondestructive Imaging Analysis Method Using Muonic X-Ray with a Double-Sided Silicon Strip Detector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I-Huan%20Chiu">I-Huan Chiu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazuhiko%20Ninomiya"> Kazuhiko Ninomiya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin%E2%80%99ichiro%20Takeda"> Shin’ichiro Takeda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meito%20Kajino"> Meito Kajino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miho%20Katsuragawa"> Miho Katsuragawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shunsaku%20Nagasawa"> Shunsaku Nagasawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atsushi%20Shinohara"> Atsushi Shinohara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadayuki%20Takahashi"> Tadayuki Takahashi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ryota%20Tomaru"> Ryota Tomaru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin%20Watanabe"> Shin Watanabe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Goro%20Yabu"> Goro Yabu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, a nondestructive elemental analysis method based on muonic X-ray measurements has been developed and applied for various samples. Muonic X-rays are emitted after the formation of a muonic atom, which occurs when a negatively charged muon is captured in a muon atomic orbit around the nucleus. Because muonic X-rays have higher energy than electronic X-rays due to the muon mass, they can be measured without being absorbed by a material. Thus, estimating the two-dimensional (2D) elemental distribution of a sample became possible using an X-ray imaging detector. In this work, we report a non-destructive imaging experiment using muonic X-rays at Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex. The irradiated target consisted of polypropylene material, and a double-sided silicon strip detector, which was developed as an imaging detector for astronomical observation, was employed. A peak corresponding to muonic X-rays from the carbon atoms in the target was clearly observed in the energy spectrum at an energy of 14 keV, and 2D visualizations were successfully reconstructed to reveal the projection image from the target. This result demonstrates the potential of the non-destructive elemental imaging method that is based on muonic X-ray measurement. To obtain a higher position resolution for imaging a smaller target, a new detector system will be developed to improve the statistical analysis in further research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DSSD" title="DSSD">DSSD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muon" title=" muon"> muon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muonic%20X-ray" title=" muonic X-ray"> muonic X-ray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imaging" title=" imaging"> imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-destructive%20analysis" title=" non-destructive analysis"> non-destructive analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137568/development-of-nondestructive-imaging-analysis-method-using-muonic-x-ray-with-a-double-sided-silicon-strip-detector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137568.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">230</span> Breakthrough Innovation Thinking Technology of a Conglomerate for Next Generation Plan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dongkyu%20Lee">Dongkyu Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doan-Quoc%20Hoan"> Doan-Quoc Hoan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soomi%20Shin"> Soomi Shin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to suggest the Value Innovation type Breakthrough Innovation which is a Big Thinking Process that realizes a creative idea for the next generation innovation Master Plan of a company. The BI based on the PVI methodology is believed to contribute to the launching of a new business, the acquisition of new markets, and the development of an innovative management process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=value" title="value">value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation" title=" innovation"> innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breakthrough%20innovation" title=" breakthrough innovation"> breakthrough innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Korean%20firm" title=" Korean firm"> Korean firm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31367/breakthrough-innovation-thinking-technology-of-a-conglomerate-for-next-generation-plan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31367.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">600</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">229</span> Effect of a GABA/5-HTP Mixture on Behavioral Changes and Biomodulation in an Invertebrate Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyungae%20Jo">Kyungae Jo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eun%20Young%20Kim"> Eun Young Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byungsoo%20Shin"> Byungsoo Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwang%20Soon%20Shin"> Kwang Soon Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyung%20Joo%20Suh"> Hyung Joo Suh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) are amino acids of digested nutrients or food ingredients and these can possibly be utilized as non-pharmacologic treatment for sleep disorder. We previously investigated the GABA/5-HTP mixture is the principal concept of sleep-promoting and activity-repressing management in nervous system of D. melanogaster. Two experiments in this study were designed to evaluate sleep-promoting effect of GABA/5-HTP mixture, to clarify the possible ratio of sleep-promoting action in the Drosophila invertebrate model system. Behavioral assays were applied to investigate distance traveled, velocity, movement, mobility, turn angle, angular velocity and meander of two amino acids and GABA/5-HTP mixture with caffeine treated flies. In addition, differentially expressed gene (DEG) analyses from next generation sequencing (NGS) were applied to investigate the signaling pathway and functional interaction network of GABA/5-HTP mixture administration. GABA/5-HTP mixture resulted in significant differences between groups related to behavior (p < 0.01) and significantly induced locomotor activity in the awake model (p < 0.05). As a result of the sequencing, the molecular function of various genes has relationship with motor activity and biological regulation. These results showed that GABA/5-HTP mixture administration significantly involved the inhibition of motor behavior. In this regard, we successfully demonstrated that using a GABA/5-HTP mixture modulates locomotor activity to a greater extent than single administration of each amino acid, and that this modulation occurs via the neuronal system, neurotransmitter release cycle and transmission across chemical synapses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sleep" title="sleep">sleep</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B3-aminobutyric%20acid" title=" γ-aminobutyric acid"> γ-aminobutyric acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=5-hydroxytryptophan" title=" 5-hydroxytryptophan"> 5-hydroxytryptophan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Drosophila%20melanogaster" title=" Drosophila melanogaster"> Drosophila melanogaster</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49971/effect-of-a-gaba5-htp-mixture-on-behavioral-changes-and-biomodulation-in-an-invertebrate-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49971.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">228</span> Idea Thinking Integrated Typology Technology of 6 Sigma, TRIZ, and Visual Planning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dongkyu%20Lee">Dongkyu Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doan-Quoc%20Hoan"> Doan-Quoc Hoan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soomi%20Shin"> Soomi Shin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study shows an easy R&D innovation-activity methodology which embodies the methodological strategy of supplementing the disadvantages of 6 sigma by TRIZ and considers the acceptance of employees through the change in the concept of innovation-activity methodology from the focus of chapter development to that of stepwise executed task. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=idea%20thinking" title="idea thinking">idea thinking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=6%20sigma" title=" 6 sigma"> 6 sigma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triz" title=" triz"> triz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20planning" title=" visual planning"> visual planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R%26D" title=" R&D"> R&D</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation-activity" title=" innovation-activity"> innovation-activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31368/idea-thinking-integrated-typology-technology-of-6-sigma-triz-and-visual-planning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31368.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">501</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">227</span> Mott Transition in the VO2/LSCO Heterojunction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi%20Hu">Yi Hu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun-Chi%20Lin"> Chun-Chi Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shau-En%20Yeh"> Shau-En Yeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin%20Lee"> Shin Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, p–n heterojunctions with La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (LSCO) and W-doped VO2 thin films were fabricated by the radio frequency (r.f.) magnetron sputtering technique and sol-gel process, respectively. The thickness of VO2 and LSCO thin films are about 40 nm and 400 nm, respectively. Good crystalline match between LSCO and VO2 films was observed from the SEM. The built-in voltages for the junction are about 1.1 V and 2.3 V for the sample in the metallic and insulating state, respectively. The sample can undergo the current induced MIT during applying field when the sample was heated at 40 and 50ºC. This is in agreement with the value obtained from the difference in the work functions of LSCO and VO2. The band structure of the heterojunction was proposed based on the results of analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hetrojection" title="hetrojection">hetrojection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mott%20transition" title=" Mott transition"> Mott transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=switching" title=" switching "> switching </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VO2" title=" VO2"> VO2</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7610/mott-transition-in-the-vo2lsco-heterojunction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7610.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">589</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">226</span> Top-Down Approach for Fabricating Hematite Nanowire Arrays</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seungmin%20Shin">Seungmin Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin-Baek%20Kim"> Jin-Baek Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hematite (α-Fe2O3) has very good semiconducting properties with a band gap of 2.1 eV and is antiferromagnetic. Due to its electrochemical stability, low toxicity, wide abundance, and low-cost, hematite, it is a particularly attractive material for photoelectrochemical cells. Additionally, hematite has also found applications in gas sensing, field emission, heterogeneous catalysis, and lithium-ion battery electrodes. Here, we discovered a new universal top-down method for the synthesis of one-dimensional hematite nanowire arrays. Various shapes and lengths of hematite nanowire have been easily fabricated over large areas by sequential processes. The obtained hematite nanowire arrays are promising candidates as photoanodes in photoelectrochemical solar cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hematite" title="hematite">hematite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithography" title=" lithography"> lithography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanowire" title=" nanowire"> nanowire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=top-down%20process" title=" top-down process"> top-down process</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36937/top-down-approach-for-fabricating-hematite-nanowire-arrays" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36937.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">249</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">225</span> Study on the Self-Location Estimate by the Evolutional Triangle Similarity Matching Using Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuji%20Kageyama">Yuji Kageyama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin%20Nagata"> Shin Nagata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tatsuya%20Takino"> Tatsuya Takino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izuru%20Nomura"> Izuru Nomura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiroyuki%20Kamata"> Hiroyuki Kamata</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In previous study, technique to estimate a self-location by using a lunar image is proposed. We consider the improvement of the conventional method in consideration of FPGA implementation in this paper. Specifically, we introduce Artificial Bee Colony algorithm for reduction of search time. In addition, we use fixed point arithmetic to enable high-speed operation on FPGA. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SLIM" title="SLIM">SLIM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Artificial%20Bee%20Colony%20Algorithm" title=" Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm"> Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=location%20estimate" title=" location estimate"> location estimate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evolutional%20triangle%20similarity" title=" evolutional triangle similarity"> evolutional triangle similarity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19303/study-on-the-self-location-estimate-by-the-evolutional-triangle-similarity-matching-using-artificial-bee-colony-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19303.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">518</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">224</span> Evaluation of Structural Integrity for Composite Lattice Structure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae%20Moon%20Im">Jae Moon Im</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwang%20Bok%20Shin"> Kwang Bok Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang%20Woo%20Lee"> Sang Woo Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, evaluation of structural integrity for composite lattice structure was conducted by compressive test. Composite lattice structure was manufactured by carbon fiber using filament winding method. In order to evaluate the structural integrity of composite lattice structure, compressive test was done using anti-buckling fixture. The delamination occurred 84 Tons of compressive load. It was found that composite lattice structure satisfied the design requirements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20material" title="composite material">composite material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20test" title=" compressive test"> compressive test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lattice%20structure" title=" lattice structure"> lattice structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20integrity" title=" structural integrity"> structural integrity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73662/evaluation-of-structural-integrity-for-composite-lattice-structure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73662.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">223</span> An Interactive Methodology to Demonstrate the Level of Effectiveness of the Synthesis of Local-Area Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Shin">W. Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Kim"> Y. Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study focuses on disconfirming that wide-area networks can be made mobile, highly-available, and wireless. This methodological test shows that IPv7 and context-free grammar are mismatched. In the cases of robots, a similar tendency is also revealed. Further, we also prove that public-private key pairs could be built embedded, adaptive, and wireless. Finally, we disconfirm that although hash tables can be made distributed, interposable, and autonomous, XML and DNS can interfere to realize this purpose. Our experiments soon proved that exokernelizing our replicated Knesis keyboards was more significant than interrupting them. Our experiments exhibited degraded average sampling rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaborative%20communication" title="collaborative communication">collaborative communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNS" title=" DNS"> DNS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local-area%20networks" title=" local-area networks"> local-area networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XML" title=" XML"> XML</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96551/an-interactive-methodology-to-demonstrate-the-level-of-effectiveness-of-the-synthesis-of-local-area-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96551.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">222</span> Cognitive Relaying in Interference Limited Spectrum Sharing Environment: Outage Probability and Outage Capacity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md%20Fazlul%20Kader">Md Fazlul Kader</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soo%20Young%20Shin"> Soo Young Shin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we consider a cognitive relay network (CRN) in which the primary receiver (PR) is protected by peak transmit power $\bar{P}_{ST}$ and/or peak interference power Q constraints. In addition, the interference effect from the primary transmitter (PT) is considered to show its impact on the performance of the CRN. We investigate the outage probability (OP) and outage capacity (OC) of the CRN by deriving closed-form expressions over Rayleigh fading channel. Results show that both the OP and OC improve by increasing the cooperative relay nodes as well as when the PT is far away from the SR. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20relay" title="cognitive relay">cognitive relay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=outage" title=" outage"> outage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interference%20limited" title=" interference limited"> interference limited</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decode-and-forward%20%28DF%29" title=" decode-and-forward (DF)"> decode-and-forward (DF)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26694/cognitive-relaying-in-interference-limited-spectrum-sharing-environment-outage-probability-and-outage-capacity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26694.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">512</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">221</span> Convolutional Neural Networks Architecture Analysis for Image Captioning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun%20Seung%20Woo">Jun Seung Woo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin%20Dong%20Ho"> Shin Dong Ho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Image Captioning models with Attention technology have developed significantly compared to previous models, but it is still unsatisfactory in recognizing images. We perform an extensive search over seven interesting Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN) architectures to analyze the behavior of different models for image captioning. We compared seven different CNN Architectures, according to batch size, using on public benchmarks: MS-COCO datasets. In our experimental results, DenseNet and InceptionV3 got about 14% loss and about 160sec training time per epoch. It was the most satisfactory result among the seven CNN architectures after training 50 epochs on GPU. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title="deep learning">deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20captioning" title=" image captioning"> image captioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CNN%20architectures" title=" CNN architectures"> CNN architectures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=densenet" title=" densenet"> densenet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inceptionV3" title=" inceptionV3"> inceptionV3</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148886/convolutional-neural-networks-architecture-analysis-for-image-captioning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148886.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">220</span> Identifying Model to Predict Deterioration of Water Mains Using Robust Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Go%20Bong%20Choi">Go Bong Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin%20Je%20Lee"> Shin Je Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung%20Jin%20Yoo"> Sung Jin Yoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gibaek%20Lee"> Gibaek Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong%20Min%20Lee"> Jong Min Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In South Korea, it is difficult to obtain data for statistical pipe assessment. In this paper, to address these issues, we find that various statistical model presented before is how data mixed with noise and are whether apply in South Korea. Three major type of model is studied and if data is presented in the paper, we add noise to data, which affects how model response changes. Moreover, we generate data from model in paper and analyse effect of noise. From this we can find robustness and applicability in Korea of each model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proportional%20hazard%20model" title="proportional hazard model">proportional hazard model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=survival%20model" title=" survival model"> survival model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20main%20deterioration" title=" water main deterioration"> water main deterioration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20sciences" title=" ecological sciences"> ecological sciences</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3084/identifying-model-to-predict-deterioration-of-water-mains-using-robust-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3084.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">743</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">219</span> Development of Verification System of Workspace Clashes Between Construction Activities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyeon-Seung%20Kim">Hyeon-Seung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang-Mi%20Park"> Sang-Mi Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min-Seo%20Kim"> Min-Seo Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong-Myeung%20Shin"> Jong-Myeung Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leen-Seok%20Kang"> Leen-Seok Kang </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in public construction works has become mandatory in some countries and it is anticipated that BIM will be applied to the actual field of civil engineering projects. However, the BIM system is still focused on the architectural project and the design phase. Because the civil engineering project is linear type project and is focused on the construction phase comparing with architectural project, 3D simulation is difficult to visualize them. This study suggests a method and a prototype system to solve workspace conflictions among construction activities using BIM simulation tool. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BIM" title="BIM">BIM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workspace" title=" workspace"> workspace</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=confliction" title=" confliction"> confliction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visualization" title=" visualization "> visualization </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30716/development-of-verification-system-of-workspace-clashes-between-construction-activities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30716.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">408</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">218</span> Implementation of a Method of Crater Detection Using Principal Component Analysis in FPGA</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izuru%20Nomura">Izuru Nomura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tatsuya%20Takino"> Tatsuya Takino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuji%20Kageyama"> Yuji Kageyama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin%20Nagata"> Shin Nagata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiroyuki%20Kamata"> Hiroyuki Kamata</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We propose a method of crater detection from the image of the lunar surface captured by the small space probe. We use the principal component analysis (PCA) to detect craters. Nevertheless, considering　severe environment of the space, it is impossible to use generic computer in practice. Accordingly, we have to implement the method in FPGA. This paper compares FPGA and generic computer by the processing time of a method of crater detection using principal component analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crater" title="crater">crater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCA" title=" PCA"> PCA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eigenvector" title=" eigenvector"> eigenvector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strength%20value" title=" strength value"> strength value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FPGA" title=" FPGA"> FPGA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=processing%20time" title=" processing time "> processing time </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19004/implementation-of-a-method-of-crater-detection-using-principal-component-analysis-in-fpga" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19004.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">555</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">217</span> Attempt to Reuse Used-PCs as Distributed Storage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toshiya%20Kawato">Toshiya Kawato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin-ichi%20Motomura"> Shin-ichi Motomura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masayuki%20Higashino"> Masayuki Higashino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takao%20Kawamura"> Takao Kawamura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Storage for storing data is indispensable. If a storage capacity becomes insufficient, we can increase its capacity by adding new disks. It is, however, difficult to add a new disk when a budget is not enough. On the other hand, there are many unused idle resources such as used personal computers despite those use value. In order to solve those problems, used personal computers can be reused as storage. In this paper, we attempt to reuse used-PCs as a distributed storage. First, we list up the characteristics of used-PCs and design a storage system that utilizes its characteristics. Next, we experimentally implement an auto-construction system that automatically constructs a distributed storage environment in used-PCs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20storage" title="distributed storage">distributed storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=used%20personal%20computer" title=" used personal computer"> used personal computer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=idle%20resource" title=" idle resource"> idle resource</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auto%20construction" title=" auto construction"> auto construction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87359/attempt-to-reuse-used-pcs-as-distributed-storage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87359.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">216</span> In silico Model of Transamination Reaction Mechanism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang-Woo%20Han">Sang-Woo Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong-Shik%20Shin"> Jong-Shik Shin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> w-Transaminase (w-TA) is broadly used for synthesizing chiral amines with a high enantiopurity. However, the reaction mechanism of w-TA has been not well studied, contrary to a-transaminase (a-TA) such as AspTA. Here, we propose in silico model on the reaction mechanism of w-TA. Based on the modeling results which showed large free energy gaps between external aldimine and quinonoid on deamination (or ketimine and quinonoid on amination), withdrawal of Ca-H seemed as a critical step which determines the reaction rate on both amination and deamination reactions, which is consistent with previous researches. Hyperconjugation was also observed in both external aldimine and ketimine which weakens Ca-H bond to elevate Ca-H abstraction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20modeling" title="computational modeling">computational modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reaction%20intermediates" title=" reaction intermediates"> reaction intermediates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=w-transaminase" title=" w-transaminase"> w-transaminase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20silico%20model" title=" in silico model"> in silico model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23667/in-silico-model-of-transamination-reaction-mechanism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23667.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">545</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">215</span> Efficient Single Relay Selection Scheme for Cooperative Communication</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung-Bok%20Choi">Sung-Bok Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun-Jun%20Shin"> Hyun-Jun Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyoung-Kyu%20Song"> Hyoung-Kyu Song</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes a single relay selection scheme in cooperative communication. Decode and forward scheme is considered when a source node wants to cooperate with a single relay for data transmission. To use the proposed single relay selection scheme, the source node make a little different pattern signal which is not complex pattern and broadcasts it. The proposed scheme does not require the channel state information between the source node and candidates of the relay during the relay selection. Therefore, it is able to be used in many fields. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relay%20selection" title="relay selection">relay selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooperative%20communication" title=" cooperative communication"> cooperative communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=df" title=" df"> df</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=channel%20codes" title=" channel codes"> channel codes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3523/efficient-single-relay-selection-scheme-for-cooperative-communication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3523.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">670</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">214</span> Electrochemical Anodic Oxidation Synthesis of TiO2 nanotube as Perspective Electrode for the Detection of Phenyl Hydrazine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadia%20Ameen">Sadia Ameen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Nazim"> M. Nazim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyumg-Kee%20Seo"> Hyumg-Kee Seo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyung-Shik%20Shin"> Hyung-Shik Shin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> TiO2 nanotube (NT) arrays were grown on titanium (Ti) foil substrate by electrochemical anodic oxidation and utilized as working electrode to fabricate a highly sensitive and reproducible chemical sensor for the detection of harmful phenyl hydrazine chemical. The fabricated chemical sensor based on TiO2 NT arrays electrode exhibited high sensitivity of ~40.9 µA.mM-1.cm-2 and detection limit of ~0.22 µM with short response time (10s). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TiO2%20NT" title="TiO2 NT">TiO2 NT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenyl%20hydrazine" title=" phenyl hydrazine"> phenyl hydrazine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20sensor" title=" chemical sensor"> chemical sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensitivity" title=" sensitivity"> sensitivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrocatalytic%20properties" title=" electrocatalytic properties"> electrocatalytic properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25165/electrochemical-anodic-oxidation-synthesis-of-tio2-nanotube-as-perspective-electrode-for-the-detection-of-phenyl-hydrazine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25165.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">500</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">213</span> Development of the Web-Based Multimedia N-Screen Service System for Cross Platform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Bae">S. Bae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Shin"> J. Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Lee"> S. Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As the development of smart devices such as Smart TV, Smartphone, Tablet PC, Laptop, the interest in N-Screen Services that can be cross-linked with heterogeneous devices is increasing. N-Screen means User-centric services that can share and constantly watch multimedia contents anytime and anywhere. However, the existing N-Screen system has the limitation that N-Screen system has to implement the application for each platform and device to provide multimedia service. To overcome this limitation, Multimedia N-Screen Service System is proposed through the web, and it is independent of different environments. The combination of Web and cloud computing technologies from this study results in increasing efficiency and reduction in costs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N-screen" title="N-screen">N-screen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=web" title=" web"> web</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cloud" title=" cloud"> cloud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multimedia" title=" multimedia"> multimedia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36623/development-of-the-web-based-multimedia-n-screen-service-system-for-cross-platform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36623.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">212</span> Ultra-Sensitive and Real Time Detection of ZnO NW Using QCM</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juneseok%20You">Juneseok You</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuewhan%20Jang"> Kuewhan Jang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chanho%20Park"> Chanho Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaeyeong%20Choi"> Jaeyeong Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyunjun%20Park"> Hyunjun Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sehyun%20Shin"> Sehyun Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Changsoo%20Han"> Changsoo Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sungsoo%20Na"> Sungsoo Na</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nanomaterials occur toxic effects to human being or ecological systems. Some sensors have been developed to detect toxic materials and the standard for toxic materials has been established. Zinc oxide nanowire (ZnO NW) is known for toxic material. By ionizing in cell body, ionized Zn ions are overexposed to cell components, which cause critical damage or death. In this paper, we detected ZnO NW in water using QCM (Quartz Crystal Microbalance) and ssDNA (single strand DNA). We achieved 30 minutes of response time for real time detection and 100 pg/mL of limit of detection (LOD). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc%20oxide%20nanowire" title="zinc oxide nanowire">zinc oxide nanowire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QCM" title=" QCM"> QCM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ssDNA" title=" ssDNA"> ssDNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxic%20material" title=" toxic material"> toxic material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosensor" title=" biosensor"> biosensor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43680/ultra-sensitive-and-real-time-detection-of-zno-nw-using-qcm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43680.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">428</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">211</span> Crater Detection Using PCA from Captured CMOS Camera Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tatsuya%20Takino">Tatsuya Takino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izuru%20Nomura"> Izuru Nomura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuji%20Kageyama"> Yuji Kageyama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin%20Nagata"> Shin Nagata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiroyuki%20Kamata"> Hiroyuki Kamata</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We propose a method of detecting the craters from the image of the lunar surface. This proposal assumes that it is applied to SLIM (Smart Lander for Investigating Moon) working group aiming at the pinpoint landing on the lunar surface and investigating scientific research. It is difficult to equip and use high-performance computers for the small space probe. So, it is necessary to use a small computer with an exclusive hardware such as FPGA. We have studied the crater detection using principal component analysis (PCA), In this paper, We implement detection algorithm into the FPGA, and the detection is performed on the data that was captured from the CMOS camera. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crater%20detection" title="crater detection">crater detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCA" title=" PCA"> PCA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FPGA" title=" FPGA"> FPGA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title=" image processing"> image processing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19003/crater-detection-using-pca-from-captured-cmos-camera-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19003.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">550</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">210</span> A Study on the Non-Destructive Test Characterization of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics Using Thermo-Graphic Camera</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hee%20Jae%20Shin">Hee Jae Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=In%20Pyo%20Cha"> In Pyo Cha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min%20Sang%20Lee"> Min Sang Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun%20Kyung%20Yoon"> Hyun Kyung Yoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae%20Ho%20Kim"> Tae Ho Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoon%20Sun%20Lee"> Yoon Sun Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lee%20Ku%20Kwac"> Lee Ku Kwac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Gun%20Kim"> Hong Gun Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Non-destructive testing and evaluation techniques for assessing the integrity of composite structures are essential to both reduce manufacturing costs and out of service time of transport means due to maintenance. In this study, Analyze into non-destructive test characterization of carbon fiber reinforced plastics(CFRP) internal and external defects using thermo-graphic camera and transient thermography method. non-destructive testing were characterized by defect size(∅8,∅10,∅12,∅14) and depth(1.2mm,2.4mm). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Non-Destructive%20Test%20%28NDT%29" title="Non-Destructive Test (NDT)">Non-Destructive Test (NDT)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20characteristic" title=" thermal characteristic"> thermal characteristic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermographic%20camera" title=" thermographic camera"> thermographic camera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carbon%20Fiber%20Reinforced%20Plastics%28CFRP%29." title=" Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics(CFRP)."> Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics(CFRP).</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20078/a-study-on-the-non-destructive-test-characterization-of-carbon-fiber-reinforced-plastics-using-thermo-graphic-camera" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20078.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">535</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">209</span> Evaluated Nuclear Data Based Photon Induced Nuclear Reaction Model of GEANT4</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae%20Won%20Shin">Jae Won Shin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We develop an evaluated nuclear data based photonuclear reaction model of GEANT4 for a more accurate simulation of photon-induced neutron production. The evaluated photonuclear data libraries from the ENDF/B-VII.1 are taken as input. Incident photon energies up to 140 MeV which is the threshold energy for the pion production are considered. For checking the validity of the use of the data-based model, we calculate the photoneutron production cross-sections and yields and compared them with experimental data. The results obtained from the developed model are found to be in good agreement with the experimental data for (γ,xn) reactions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ENDF%2FB-VII.1" title="ENDF/B-VII.1">ENDF/B-VII.1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GEANT4" title=" GEANT4"> GEANT4</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photoneutron" title=" photoneutron"> photoneutron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photonuclear%20reaction" title=" photonuclear reaction"> photonuclear reaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61592/evaluated-nuclear-data-based-photon-induced-nuclear-reaction-model-of-geant4" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61592.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">208</span> Image Enhancement Algorithm of Photoacoustic Tomography Using Active Contour Filtering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prasannakumar%20Palaniappan">Prasannakumar Palaniappan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong%20Ho%20Shin"> Dong Ho Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chul%20Gyu%20Song"> Chul Gyu Song</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The photoacoustic images are obtained from a custom developed linear array photoacoustic tomography system. The biological specimens are imitated by conducting phantom tests in order to retrieve a fully functional photoacoustic image. The acquired image undergoes the active region based contour filtering to remove the noise and accurately segment the object area for further processing. The universal back projection method is used as the image reconstruction algorithm. The active contour filtering is analyzed by evaluating the signal to noise ratio and comparing it with the other filtering methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contour%20filtering" title="contour filtering">contour filtering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20array" title=" linear array"> linear array</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photoacoustic%20tomography" title=" photoacoustic tomography"> photoacoustic tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=universal%20back%20projection" title=" universal back projection"> universal back projection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40626/image-enhancement-algorithm-of-photoacoustic-tomography-using-active-contour-filtering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40626.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A-Reum%20Shin&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A-Reum%20Shin&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A-Reum%20Shin&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A-Reum%20Shin&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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