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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Début</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Géographie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Géographie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Géographie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Géographie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Histoire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Histoire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Histoire</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Histoire-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Histoire</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Histoire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Reconstruction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reconstruction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Reconstruction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reconstruction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Population</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Galerie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Galerie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Galerie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Galerie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enseignement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enseignement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Enseignement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enseignement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jumelages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jumelages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Jumelages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jumelages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personnalités" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personnalités"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Personnalités</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personnalités-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Climat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Grozny</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 116 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-116" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">116 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozni" title="Grozni – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Grozni" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%8A" title="غروزني – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غروزني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%89" title="جروزنى – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جروزنى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozni" title="Grozni – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Grozni" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B6-%D1%85%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Сунж-хъала – avar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Сунж-хъала" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qrozn%C4%B1" title="Qroznı – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qroznı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%86%DB%8C" title="قروزنی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قروزنی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Грозный – bachkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Грозный" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bachkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groznos" title="Groznos – samogitien" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Groznos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Грозны – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Грозны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Грозны – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Грозны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Грозни – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Грозни" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF" title="গ্রোজনি – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গ্রোজনি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B6l%C6%B6a-%C4%A0ala" title="Sölƶa-Ġala – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sölƶa-Ġala" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozni" title="Grozni – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Grozni" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozni" title="Grozni – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Grozni" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8C%D0%BB%D0%B6%D0%B0-%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Соьлжа-ГӀала – tchétchène" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Соьлжа-ГӀала" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tchétchène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groznyy_(kapital_sa_lalawigan)" title="Groznyy (kapital sa lalawigan) – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Groznyy (kapital sa lalawigan)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%86%D8%B2%D9%86%DB%8C" title="گرۆزنی – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گرۆزنی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozn%C4%B1y" title="Groznıy – tatar de Crimée" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Groznıy" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="tatar de Crimée" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozn%C3%BD" title="Grozný – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Grozný" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Грозный – tchouvache" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Грозный" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tchouvache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grosnyj" title="Grosnyj – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Grosnyj" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grosny" title="Grosny – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Grosny" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BA%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%B6%CE%BD%CF%85" title="Γκρόζνυ – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γκρόζνυ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozno" title="Grozno – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Grozno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozni" title="Grozni – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Grozni" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozn%C3%B5i" title="Groznõi – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Groznõi" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%86%DB%8C" title="گروزنی – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گروزنی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groznyi" title="Groznyi – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Groznyi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grosny" title="Grosny – frison septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Grosny" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frison septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%96%D7%A0%D7%99" title="גרוזני – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גרוזני" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="ग्रोज़नी – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ग्रोज़नी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozni" title="Grozni – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Grozni" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groznyj" title="Groznyj – haut-sorabe" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Groznyj" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="haut-sorabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groznij" title="Groznij – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Groznij" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%A6%D5%B6%D5%AB" title="Գրոզնի – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գրոզնի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B6%D0%B0-%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Шолжа-ГӀала – ingouche" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Шолжа-ГӀала" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingouche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozni" title="Grozni – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Grozni" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozn%C3%ADj" title="Grozníj – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Grozníj" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groznyj" title="Groznyj – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Groznyj" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AD%E3%82%BA%E3%83%8C%E3%82%A4" title="グロズヌイ – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グロズヌイ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – javanais" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%96%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D" title="გროზნო – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გროზნო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozn%C4%B1y" title="Groznıy – karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Groznıy" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8D" title="Грознэ – kabarde" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Грознэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabarde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Грозный – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Грозный" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A1%9C%EC%A6%88%EB%8B%88" title="그로즈니 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="그로즈니" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grosn%C3%AE" title="Grosnî – kurde" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Grosnî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Грозный – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Грозный" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severa" title="Severa – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Severa" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozni" title="Grozni – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Grozni" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grosni" title="Grosni – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Grosni" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groznas" title="Groznas – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Groznas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bon article"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groznija" title="Groznija – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Groznija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Грозный – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Грозный" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Грозни – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Грозни" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF" title="ഗ്രോസ്‌നി – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗ്രോസ്‌നി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Грозный – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Грозный" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="ग्रोझनी – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ग्रोझनी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Грозной ош – erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Грозной ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groznyj" title="Groznyj – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Groznyj" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groznyj" title="Groznyj – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Groznyj" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B6l%C6%B6a-%C4%A0ala" title="Sölƶa-Ġala – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sölƶa-Ġala" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Грозна – ossète" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Грозна" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossète" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%86%DB%8C" title="گروزنی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="گروزنی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AB%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%8A" title="ګروزني – pachto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ګروزني" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pachto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%B3zni" title="Grózni – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Grózni" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozn%C3%AEi" title="Groznîi – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Groznîi" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Грозный – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Грозный" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Грознай – iakoute" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Грознай" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iakoute" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – sarde" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sarde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – écossais" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%8A" title="گروزني – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="گروزني" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozni" title="Grozni – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Grozni" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groznyj" title="Groznyj – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Groznyj" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozni" title="Grozni – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Grozni" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garoosni" title="Garoosni – somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Garoosni" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozni" title="Grozni – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Grozni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Грозни – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Грозни" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groznyj" title="Groznyj – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Groznyj" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozniy" title="Grozniy – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Grozniy" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – silésien" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF" title="குரோசுனி – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="குரோசுனி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_(%D1%88%D0%B0%D2%B3%D1%80)" title="Грозний (шаҳр) – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Грозний (шаҳр)" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%A2" title="กรอซนืย – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กรอซนืย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groznyj" title="Groznyj – talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Groznyj" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozni" title="Grozni – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Grozni" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Грозный – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Грозный" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Грозный – oudmourte" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Грозный" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="oudmourte" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Грозний – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Грозний" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%86%DB%8C" title="گروزنی – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گروزنی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozniy" title="Grozniy – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Grozniy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groznii" title="Groznii – vepse" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Groznii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E7%BD%97%E5%85%B9%E5%B0%BC" title="格罗兹尼 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="格罗兹尼" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D2%BB%D1%81%D0%BD" title="Грозный балһсн – kalmouk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Грозный балһсн" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmouk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%96%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D" title="გროზნო – mingrélien" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გროზნო" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrélien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E7%BD%97%E5%85%B9%E5%B0%BC" title="格罗兹尼 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="格罗兹尼" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Grozny" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E7%BE%85%E8%8C%B2%E5%B0%BC" title="格羅茲尼 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="格羅茲尼" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5196#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Grozny" title="Voir le contenu de la page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussion:Grozny" rel="discussion" title="Discussion au sujet de cette page de contenu [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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href="/wiki/Grozny"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&action=history" title="Historique des versions de cette page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Outils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Grozny"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&action=history"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Général </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_li%C3%A9es/Grozny" title="Liste des pages liées qui pointent sur celle-ci [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Suivi_des_liens/Grozny" rel="nofollow" title="Liste des modifications récentes des pages appelées par celle-ci [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Suivi des pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Importer_un_fichier" title="Téléverser des fichiers [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Téléverser un fichier</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_sp%C3%A9ciales" title="Liste de toutes les pages spéciales [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pages spéciales</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&oldid=218743356" title="Adresse permanente de cette version de cette page"><span>Lien permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&action=info" title="Davantage d’informations sur cette page"><span>Informations sur la page</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer&page=Grozny&id=218743356&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informations sur la manière de citer cette page"><span>Citer cette page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FGrozny"><span>Obtenir l'URL raccourcie</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FGrozny"><span>Télécharger le code QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimer / exporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Livre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Grozny"><span>Créer un livre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Grozny&action=show-download-screen"><span>Télécharger comme PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&printable=yes" title="Version imprimable de cette page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimable</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dans d’autres projets </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_/_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8C%D0%BB%D0%B6%D0%B0-%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5196" title="Lien vers l’élément dans le dépôt de données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément 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l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><p id="sous_titre_h1" class="noexcerpt">Sölƶa-Ġala</p> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox_v2 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="entete entete map" style="background-color:#DDFFDD;color:black;">Grozny <br /><small><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : russe">(ru)</abbr> <span class="lang-ru" lang="ru">Грозный</span></small><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r151886662">.mw-parser-output .entete.map{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Picto_infobox_map.png")}</style> </td></tr> <tr><td colspan="1" align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Coat_of_Arms_of_Grozny_(Chechnya).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Blason de Grozny"><img alt="Blason de Grozny" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Coat_of_Arms_of_Grozny_%28Chechnya%29.svg/65px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Grozny_%28Chechnya%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Coat_of_Arms_of_Grozny_%28Chechnya%29.svg/98px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Grozny_%28Chechnya%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Coat_of_Arms_of_Grozny_%28Chechnya%29.svg/130px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Grozny_%28Chechnya%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="845" data-file-height="1017" /></a></span><br /><small><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9raldique" title="Héraldique">Héraldique</a> </small></td> <td colspan="1" align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Grozny_(Chechnya).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de Grozny"><img alt="Drapeau de Grozny" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Grozny_%28Chechnya%29.svg/130px-Flag_of_Grozny_%28Chechnya%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Grozny_%28Chechnya%29.svg/195px-Flag_of_Grozny_%28Chechnya%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Grozny_%28Chechnya%29.svg/260px-Flag_of_Grozny_%28Chechnya%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="660" /></a></span><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Drapeau" title="Drapeau">Drapeau</a> </small></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; line-height: 1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C_%22%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%22.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Grozny" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C_%22%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%22.jpg/280px-%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C_%22%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%22.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C_%22%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%22.jpg/420px-%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C_%22%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%22.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C_%22%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%22.jpg/560px-%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C_%22%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%22.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1688" /></a></span> <br />Quelques sites remarquables de Grozny. </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#DDFFDD; color:#000000">Administration</th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Liste_des_pays_du_monde" title="Liste des pays du monde">Pays</a> </th> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Russie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Russie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Russie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russie" title="Russie">Russie</a></span> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gions_%C3%A9conomiques_de_Russie" title="Régions économiques de Russie">Région économique</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gion_%C3%A9conomique_du_Caucase_du_Nord" title="Région économique du Caucase du Nord">Caucase du Nord</a> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Districts_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9raux_de_Russie" title="Districts fédéraux de Russie">District fédéral</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/District_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9ral_du_Caucase_du_Nord" title="District fédéral du Caucase du Nord">Caucase du Nord</a> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Sujet_de_la_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_de_Russie" title="Sujet de la fédération de Russie">Sujet fédéral</a> </th> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Tchétchénie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Tchétchénie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Tchétchénie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A9nie" title="Tchétchénie">Tchétchénie</a></span> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Maire" title="Maire">Maire</a> </th> <td>Khas-Magomed Shakhmometovich Kadyrov </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/OKATO" title="OKATO">Code OKATO</a> </th> <td>96 401 </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Liste_des_indicatifs_t%C3%A9l%C3%A9phoniques_internationaux_par_indicatif" title="Liste des indicatifs téléphoniques internationaux par indicatif">Indicatif</a> </th> <td>(+7) 8712 </td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#DDFFDD; color:#000000">Démographie</th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Recensement_de_la_population" title="Recensement de la population">Population</a> </th> <td>301 253 <abbr class="abbr" title="habitant">hab.</abbr> <small>(2019)</small> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="vertical-align: bottom"><a href="/wiki/Densit%C3%A9_de_population" title="Densité de population">Densité</a></th> <td>101 <abbr class="abbr" title="habitant par kilomètre carré">hab./km<sup>2</sup></abbr></td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#DDFFDD; color:#000000">Géographie</th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Coordonn%C3%A9es_g%C3%A9ographiques" title="Coordonnées géographiques">Coordonnées</a> </th><td><a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Map/9/43.3/45.7/fr" data-zoom="9" data-lat="43.3" data-lon="45.7" data-overlays="["_f89f61a6952f1cb0220d4cce7ede7612c8849c7d"]">43° 18′ nord, 45° 42′ est</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Altitude" title="Altitude">Altitude</a> </th> <td>130 <abbr class="abbr" title="mètre">m</abbr><br /> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Aire_(g%C3%A9om%C3%A9trie)#Superficie" title="Aire (géométrie)">Superficie</a> </th> <td><span title="2 996 000 000 m² ou 2 996 km²" style="cursor:help">299 600</span> <abbr class="abbr" title="hectare">ha</abbr> = 2 996 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre carré">km<sup>2</sup></abbr> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Heure_en_Russie" title="Heure en Russie">Fuseau horaire</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B04:00" title="UTC+04:00">UTC+04:00</a> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Liste_des_cours_d%27eau_de_la_Russie" class="mw-redirect" title="Liste des cours d'eau de la Russie">Cours d'eau</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Sounja" title="Sounja">Sounja</a> </td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#DDFFDD; color:#000000">Divers</th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Fondation </th> <td>1818 </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Classification_des_localit%C3%A9s_habit%C3%A9es_en_Russie" title="Classification des localités habitées en Russie">Statut</a> </th> <td>Ville depuis 1870 </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Ancien(s) nom(s) </th> <td>Groznaïa (1818–1870) </td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#DDFFDD; color:#000000">Localisation</th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <div class="img_toggle" style="text-align:center;"> <div class="geobox"> <div><small>Géolocalisation sur la carte : <a href="/wiki/Russie_europ%C3%A9enne" title="Russie européenne">Russie européenne</a></small></div> <table class="DebutCarte" style="width:auto; margin:0; border:none; border-spacing:0; padding:0; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0"><div style="position:relative;;"><span class="noviewer notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:European_Russia_laea_location_map_(Crimea_disputed).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Voir sur la carte topographique de Russie européenne"><img alt="Voir sur la carte topographique de Russie européenne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/European_Russia_laea_location_map_%28Crimea_disputed%29.jpg/280px-European_Russia_laea_location_map_%28Crimea_disputed%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="369" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/European_Russia_laea_location_map_%28Crimea_disputed%29.jpg/420px-European_Russia_laea_location_map_%28Crimea_disputed%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/European_Russia_laea_location_map_%28Crimea_disputed%29.jpg/560px-European_Russia_laea_location_map_%28Crimea_disputed%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="1558" /></a></span> <div style="position:absolute;top:calc(90.638438773385% - 8px);left:calc(58.741176365805% - 8px);line-height:0;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:City_locator_14.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/City_locator_14.svg/16px-City_locator_14.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/City_locator_14.svg/24px-City_locator_14.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/City_locator_14.svg/32px-City_locator_14.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></div><div style="position:absolute;font-size:90%;bottom:calc(100% - 90.638438773385% + 0.5em);left:calc(58.741176365805% + 0.5em);text-align:left;"><span class="toponyme">Grozny</span></div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div><div class="geobox"> <div><small>Géolocalisation sur la carte : <a href="/wiki/Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A9nie" title="Tchétchénie">Tchétchénie</a></small></div> <table class="DebutCarte" style="width:auto; margin:0; border:none; border-spacing:0; padding:0; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0"><div style="position:relative;;"><span class="noviewer notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Chechen_Republic_relief_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Voir sur la carte topographique de Tchétchénie"><img alt="Voir sur la carte topographique de Tchétchénie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Chechen_Republic_relief_location_map.svg/280px-Chechen_Republic_relief_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="341" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Chechen_Republic_relief_location_map.svg/420px-Chechen_Republic_relief_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Chechen_Republic_relief_location_map.svg/560px-Chechen_Republic_relief_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6295" data-file-height="7662" /></a></span> <div style="position:absolute;top:calc(47.058823529412% - 8px);left:calc(47.368421052632% - 8px);line-height:0;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:City_locator_14.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/City_locator_14.svg/16px-City_locator_14.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/City_locator_14.svg/24px-City_locator_14.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/City_locator_14.svg/32px-City_locator_14.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></div><div style="position:absolute;font-size:90%;bottom:calc(100% - 47.058823529412% + 0.5em);left:calc(47.368421052632% + 0.5em);text-align:left;"><span class="toponyme">Grozny</span></div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div><div class="geobox"> <div><small>Géolocalisation sur la carte : <a href="/wiki/Russie" title="Russie">Russie</a></small></div> <table class="DebutCarte" style="width:auto; margin:0; border:none; border-spacing:0; padding:0; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0"><div style="position:relative;;"><span class="noviewer notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Russia_rel_location_map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Voir sur la carte topographique de Russie"><img alt="Voir sur la carte topographique de Russie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Russia_rel_location_map.png/280px-Russia_rel_location_map.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Russia_rel_location_map.png/420px-Russia_rel_location_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Russia_rel_location_map.png/560px-Russia_rel_location_map.png 2x" data-file-width="2362" data-file-height="1299" /></a></span> <div style="position:absolute;top:calc(72.192666522117% - 8px);left:calc(7.2964982518097% - 8px);line-height:0;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:City_locator_14.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/City_locator_14.svg/16px-City_locator_14.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/City_locator_14.svg/24px-City_locator_14.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/City_locator_14.svg/32px-City_locator_14.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></div><div style="position:absolute;font-size:90%;bottom:calc(100% - 72.192666522117% + 0.5em);left:calc(7.2964982518097% + 0.5em);text-align:left;"><span class="toponyme">Grozny</span></div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#DDFFDD; color:#000000">Liens</th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Site_web" title="Site web">Site web</a> </th> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.grozmer.ru/">grozmer.ru</a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><hr style="height:2px; color:inherit; background-color:#DDFFDD;" /></td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Liste_des_villes_de_Russie" title="Liste des villes de Russie">Liste des villes de Russie</a></div></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:left;"><div class="references-small decimal" style=""> </div></td> </tr><tr> <td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px #DDFFDD solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grozny&action=edit&section=0"><span class="infodoc">modifier</span></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_Ville_de_Russie" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Grozny</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russe" title="Russe">russe</a> : <span class="lang-ru" lang="ru">Грозный</span>) ou <b>Sölƶa-Ġala</b> (<a href="/wiki/Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A8ne" title="Tchétchène">tchétchène</a> : <span class="lang-ce" lang="ce">Соьлжа-ГIала</span>, <i>Sueulja-Hala</i>), est la <a href="/wiki/Capitale" title="Capitale">capitale</a> de la <a href="/wiki/Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A9nie" title="Tchétchénie">Tchétchénie</a>. </p><p>Située sur la rivière <a href="/wiki/Sounja" title="Sounja">Sounja</a> (<a href="/wiki/Russe" title="Russe">russe</a> : <span class="lang-ru" lang="ru">Сунжа</span> ; <a href="/wiki/Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A8ne" title="Tchétchène">tchétchène</a> : <span class="lang-ce" lang="ce">Соьлжа</span>, <i>Sölƶa</i>), sa population s'élevait à 301 253 habitants en 2019, ce qui fait d'elle la ville la plus peuplée de la République tchétchène. Jusqu'en 1870, elle s'appelait <i>Groznaïa</i> (<span class="citation">« la Féroce »</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Géographie"><span id="G.C3.A9ographie"></span>Géographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Géographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Géographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Grozny est située à 87 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> à l'est-nord-est de <a href="/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz">Vladikavkaz</a>, à 155 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> à l'ouest-nord-ouest de <a href="/wiki/Makhatchkala" title="Makhatchkala">Makhatchkala</a>, à 608 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> au sud de <a href="/wiki/Volgograd" title="Volgograd">Volgograd</a> et à 1 502 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> au sud-sud-est de <a href="/wiki/Moscou" title="Moscou">Moscou</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>La <a href="/wiki/Route_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9rale_R217" class="mw-redirect" title="Route fédérale R217">route fédérale R217</a>, route reliant la <a href="/wiki/M4_(route_russe)" title="M4 (route russe)">M4</a> à la <a href="/wiki/Fronti%C3%A8re_entre_l%27Azerba%C3%AFdjan_et_la_Russie" title="Frontière entre l'Azerbaïdjan et la Russie">frontière avec l'Azerbaïdjan</a> en desservant les villes de <a href="/wiki/Ciscaucasie" title="Ciscaucasie">Ciscaucasie</a>, passe au sud de la ville. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Histoire">Histoire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Histoire" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Histoire"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>À l'origine, la forteresse <i>Groznaïa</i> fut construite par le général russe <a href="/wiki/Alexis_Iermolov" title="Alexis Iermolov">Alexis Iermolov</a> en 1818 et gardait les marches <a href="/wiki/Caucase" title="Caucase">caucasiennes</a> de l’Empire. La ville fut construite autour de ce fort. </p><p>En 1869, elle s'appela <i>Grozny</i> (ce même mot « Redoutable », mais au masculin). La ville ne connut son véritable essor qu'à l'<a href="/wiki/Union_des_r%C3%A9publiques_socialistes_sovi%C3%A9tiques" title="Union des républiques socialistes soviétiques">époque soviétique</a>. </p><p>Dans les années 1990, la capitale fut nommée officieusement « Djokhar-Kala » par les séparatistes tchétchènes, fidèles à leur président <a href="/wiki/Djokhar_Douda%C3%AFev" title="Djokhar Doudaïev">Djokhar Doudaïev</a>, assassiné en 1996. </p><p>Grozny a subi deux guerres : </p> <ul><li>de 1994 à 1996, elle fut attaquée et en grande partie détruite par les bombardements de l'armée fédérale <a href="/wiki/Russie" title="Russie">russe</a> pendant la <a href="/wiki/Premi%C3%A8re_guerre_de_Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A9nie" title="Première guerre de Tchétchénie">première guerre de Tchétchénie</a> ;</li> <li>depuis <time class="nowrap" datetime="2000-01" data-sort-value="2000-01">janvier 2000</time>, Grozny est passée sous le contrôle fédéral russe (voir l'article « <a href="/wiki/Seconde_guerre_de_Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A9nie" title="Seconde guerre de Tchétchénie">Seconde guerre de Tchétchénie</a> »).</li></ul> <p>Le gouvernement de Tchétchénie siège aujourd'hui à Grozny. </p> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Article détaillé : <a href="/wiki/Attentat_du_27_d%C3%A9cembre_2002_%C3%A0_Grozny" title="Attentat du 27 décembre 2002 à Grozny">Attentat du 27 décembre 2002 à Grozny</a>.</div></div> <p><br /> Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2004-05-09" data-sort-value="2004-05-09">9 mai 2004</time>, <a href="/wiki/Akhmad_Kadyrov" title="Akhmad Kadyrov">Akhmad Kadyrov</a>, président pro-fédéral de la Tchétchénie, et le président du Parlement, <a href="/wiki/Attentat_du_stade_de_Grozny" title="Attentat du stade de Grozny">furent assassiné</a> dans un attentat dû à une mine dissimulée dans la tribune du stade Dynamo lors de la parade célébrant le <abbr class="abbr" title="Cinquante-neuvième">59<sup>e</sup></abbr> anniversaire de la victoire sur le <a href="/wiki/Nazisme" title="Nazisme">nazisme</a>. </p><p>Un plan de reconstruction de Grozny et de la <a href="/wiki/Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A9nie" title="Tchétchénie">Tchétchénie</a> a été adopté par le gouvernement russe, sur une période estimée à 30 ans et les priorités de reconstruction ont été énoncées par le président russe, <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Poutine" title="Vladimir Poutine">Vladimir Poutine</a>, lors de son allocution au nouveau Parlement tchétchène le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2005-11-27" data-sort-value="2005-11-27">27 novembre 2005</time>. </p><p>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2005-12-14" data-sort-value="2005-12-14">14 décembre 2005</time>, le Parlement de Tchétchénie propose de rebaptiser la capitale Grozny en « Akhmat-Kala » (ville d'Akhmat), en hommage à <a href="/wiki/Akhmad_Kadyrov" title="Akhmad Kadyrov">Akhmad Kadyrov</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ramzan_Kadyrov" title="Ramzan Kadyrov">Ramzan Kadyrov</a>, fils d'Akhmad Kadyrov et à l'époque Premier ministre de la Tchétchénie par intérim, rejette cette proposition, parce qu'une avenue de Grozny porte déjà le nom de Kadyrov ainsi qu'une place centrale ornée d’une statue à son effigie. </p><p>En <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-01" data-sort-value="2015-01">janvier 2015</time>, à la suite des <a href="/wiki/Attentat_contre_Charlie_Hebdo" title="Attentat contre Charlie Hebdo">attentats contre le journal satirique <i>Charlie Hebdo</i></a> et la publication de nouvelles caricatures, le <a href="/wiki/Chef_de_la_r%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A8ne" class="mw-redirect" title="Chef de la république tchétchène">Chef de la République tchétchène</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ramzan_Kadyrov" title="Ramzan Kadyrov">Ramzan Kadyrov</a>, appelle à une manifestation anti-française, qui se réunit au pied de la <a href="/wiki/Mosqu%C3%A9e_Akhmad_Kadyrov_de_Grozny" title="Mosquée Akhmad Kadyrov de Grozny">mosquée de Grozny</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reconstruction">Reconstruction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Reconstruction" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Reconstruction"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Grozny_-_damaged_flat_building_(2006).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Grozny_-_damaged_flat_building_%282006%29.jpg/220px-Grozny_-_damaged_flat_building_%282006%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Grozny_-_damaged_flat_building_%282006%29.jpg/330px-Grozny_-_damaged_flat_building_%282006%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Grozny_-_damaged_flat_building_%282006%29.jpg/440px-Grozny_-_damaged_flat_building_%282006%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Un immeuble endommagé en 2006.</figcaption></figure> <p>La ville ayant été détruite par les bombardements russes, depuis le début de 2006, la reconstruction civile et résidentielle de Grozny fut entreprise avec frénésie pour cacher les dévastations de la guerre. En effet, les <a href="/wiki/Nations_unies" class="mw-redirect" title="Nations unies">Nations unies</a> qualifièrent en 2003 Grozny de « ville la plus détruite sur terre »<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> et il n'y avait plus dans la ville aucun immeuble qui n'ait été endommagé<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>La reconstruction a été financée en grande partie par des fonds fédéraux russes, mais aussi par la fondation <span class="citation">« Kadyrov »</span> dont les capitaux proviennent d'oligarques tchétchènes. </p><p>L'<a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9roport_de_Grozny" title="Aéroport de Grozny">aéroport de Grozny</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liste_des_codes_AITA_des_a%C3%A9roports/G" class="mw-redirect" title="Liste des codes AITA des aéroports/G">code AITA</a> : GRV), a été rouvert en <time class="nowrap" datetime="2006-10" data-sort-value="2006-10">octobre 2006</time>, entièrement rénové et relié à la capitale par une autoroute. Fin 2007, il ne reste presque plus en ville de traces des deux guerres dévastatrices<sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire"><span title="Ce passage nécessite une référence ; voir l'aide.">[réf. nécessaire]</span></a></sup>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Achmat-Kadyrow-Mosche,_Grosny_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Achmat-Kadyrow-Mosche%2C_Grosny_2.jpg/220px-Achmat-Kadyrow-Mosche%2C_Grosny_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Achmat-Kadyrow-Mosche%2C_Grosny_2.jpg/330px-Achmat-Kadyrow-Mosche%2C_Grosny_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Achmat-Kadyrow-Mosche%2C_Grosny_2.jpg/440px-Achmat-Kadyrow-Mosche%2C_Grosny_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>La mosquée Akhmad Kadyrov.</figcaption></figure> <p>Le point d'orgue de cette reconstruction est l'inauguration en 2008 de l'imposante et impressionnante <a href="/wiki/Mosqu%C3%A9e_Akhmad_Kadyrov_de_Grozny" title="Mosquée Akhmad Kadyrov de Grozny">Mosquée Akhmad Kadyrov</a> qui figure sur le drapeau de la ville. </p><p>Dans les années 2010 deux gratte-ciel ont été construits à Grozny dans le cadre du complexe <a href="/wiki/Grozny-City" title="Grozny-City">Grozny-City</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population">Population</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Population" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Population"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Recensements (*) ou estimations de la population<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> : </p> <div style="overflow:hidden; width: 27em; margin: 0 auto; padding:0 1px; text-align:center; font-family: Liberation Sans, Arial, sans-serif;"><table class="wikitable" style="table-layout:fixed;width:100%;text-align:center;margin-top: 1px; margin-bottom: 0;font-size:100%;"> <caption style="margin-bottom:5px;">Évolution démographique</caption><tbody><tr> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeff;"><a href="/wiki/Recensement_de_l%27Empire_russe_(1897)" class="mw-redirect" title="Recensement de l'Empire russe (1897)">1897</a>*</th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeff;">1913</th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeff;">1923</th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeff;">1926*</th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeff;">1939*</th> </tr> <tr> <td style="background:#f7f9ff;">15 564</td><td style="background:#f7f9ff;">35 800</td><td style="background:#f7f9ff;">49 200</td><td style="background:#f7f9ff;">68 677</td><td style="background:#f7f9ff;">172 448</td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="table-layout:fixed;width:100%;text-align:center;margin-top:5px; margin-bottom: 0;font-size:100%;"> <caption class="hidden">Évolution démographique, suite (1)</caption><tbody><tr> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeff;">1959*</th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeff;">1970*</th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeff;">1979*</th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeff;"><a href="/wiki/Recensement_sovi%C3%A9tique_de_1989" title="Recensement soviétique de 1989">1989</a>*</th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeff;"><a href="/wiki/Recensement_de_2002_en_Russie" title="Recensement de 2002 en Russie">2002</a>*</th> </tr> <tr> <td style="background:#f7f9ff;">242 068</td><td style="background:#f7f9ff;">341 259</td><td style="background:#f7f9ff;">375 326</td><td style="background:#f7f9ff;">399 688</td><td style="background:#f7f9ff;">210 720</td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="table-layout:fixed;width:100%;text-align:center;margin-top:5px; margin-bottom: 0;font-size:100%;"> <caption class="hidden">Évolution démographique, suite (2)</caption><tbody><tr> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeff;"><a href="/wiki/Recensement_de_2010_en_Russie" title="Recensement de 2010 en Russie">2010</a>*</th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeff;">2012</th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeff;">2013</th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeff;">2014</th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeff;">2015</th> </tr> <tr> <td style="background:#f7f9ff;">271 573</td><td style="background:#f7f9ff;">275 627</td><td style="background:#f7f9ff;">277 414</td><td style="background:#f7f9ff;">280 263</td><td style="background:#f7f9ff;">283 659</td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="table-layout:fixed;width:100%;text-align:center;margin-top:5px; margin-bottom: 0;font-size:100%;"> <caption class="hidden">Évolution démographique, suite (3)</caption><tbody><tr> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeff;">2016</th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeff;">2019</th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeff;">2022</th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeff;">-</th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeff;">-</th> </tr> <tr> <td style="background:#f7f9ff;">287 410</td><td style="background:#f7f9ff;">301 253</td><td style="background:#f7f9ff;">326 439</td><td style="background:#f7f9ff;">-</td><td style="background:#f7f9ff;">-</td></tr> </tbody></table> </div> <p><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r201193838">.mw-parser-output .mw-graph-img{width:inherit;height:inherit}</style><div class="bandeau-container metadata bandeau-simple bandeau-niveau-neutre" style="margin:0.8em 10%;"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/OOjs_UI_icon_information-progressive.svg/25px-OOjs_UI_icon_information-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/OOjs_UI_icon_information-progressive.svg/38px-OOjs_UI_icon_information-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/OOjs_UI_icon_information-progressive.svg/50px-OOjs_UI_icon_information-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour des raisons techniques, il est temporairement impossible d'afficher le graphique qui aurait dû être présenté ici. </p> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Galerie">Galerie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Galerie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Galerie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 186px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 184px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Evstafiev-chechnya-palace-gunman.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Palais présidentiel de Grozny en ruine en 1995."><img alt="Palais présidentiel de Grozny en ruine en 1995." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Evstafiev-chechnya-palace-gunman.jpg/276px-Evstafiev-chechnya-palace-gunman.jpg" decoding="async" width="184" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Evstafiev-chechnya-palace-gunman.jpg/414px-Evstafiev-chechnya-palace-gunman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Evstafiev-chechnya-palace-gunman.jpg/552px-Evstafiev-chechnya-palace-gunman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="457" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Palais_pr%C3%A9sidentiel_de_Grozny" title="Palais présidentiel de Grozny">Palais présidentiel de Grozny</a> en ruine en 1995.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Grozny_Oil_Research_Institute_506.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Institut de recherche sur le pétrole en 2020."><img alt="Institut de recherche sur le pétrole en 2020." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Grozny_Oil_Research_Institute_506.jpg/240px-Grozny_Oil_Research_Institute_506.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Grozny_Oil_Research_Institute_506.jpg/360px-Grozny_Oil_Research_Institute_506.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Grozny_Oil_Research_Institute_506.jpg/480px-Grozny_Oil_Research_Institute_506.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2576" data-file-height="1932" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Institut de recherche sur le pétrole en 2020.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 82px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 80px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B81.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Le nouveau centre de Grozny : Grozny City."><img alt="Le nouveau centre de Grozny : Grozny City." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B81.JPG/120px-%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B81.JPG" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B81.JPG/180px-%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B81.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B81.JPG/240px-%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B81.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3168" data-file-height="4752" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Le nouveau centre de Grozny : Grozny City.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_(%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB_49).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Grozny : la rue Kadyrov."><img alt="Grozny : la rue Kadyrov." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%28%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB_49%29.jpg/270px-%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%28%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB_49%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%28%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB_49%29.jpg/404px-%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%28%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB_49%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%28%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB_49%29.jpg/539px-%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%28%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB_49%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="401" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Grozny : la rue Kadyrov.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Minutka_Square_37.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="La place Minutka."><img alt="La place Minutka." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Minutka_Square_37.jpg/240px-Minutka_Square_37.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Minutka_Square_37.jpg/360px-Minutka_Square_37.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Minutka_Square_37.jpg/480px-Minutka_Square_37.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4128" data-file-height="3096" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">La place Minutka.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enseignement">Enseignement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Enseignement" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Enseignement"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_d%27%C3%89tat_de_Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A9nie" title="Université d'État de Tchétchénie">Université d'État de Tchétchénie</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Sport" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Sport"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La ville abrite le club de <a href="/wiki/Football" title="Football">football</a> de l'<a href="/wiki/Akhmat_Grozny" title="Akhmat Grozny">Akhmat Grozny</a>, qui évolue depuis 2008 en <a href="/wiki/Championnat_de_Russie_de_football" title="Championnat de Russie de football">première division russe</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jumelages">Jumelages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifier la section : Jumelages" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Jumelages"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Turkey.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Turquie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Turquie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/20px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/30px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/40px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ardahan" title="Ardahan">Ardahan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Turquie" title="Turquie">Turquie</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Poland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Pologne"><img alt="Drapeau de la Pologne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cracovie" title="Cracovie">Cracovie</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pologne" title="Pologne">Pologne</a>) depuis 1997</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Poland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Pologne"><img alt="Drapeau de la Pologne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%C5%81uk%C3%B3w" title="Łuków">Łuków</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pologne" title="Pologne">Pologne</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Ukraine"><img alt="Drapeau de l'Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lviv" title="Lviv">Lviv</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>) depuis 1998</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Ukraine"><img alt="Drapeau de l'Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa">Odessa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Turkey.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Turquie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Turquie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/20px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/30px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/40px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas">Sivas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Turquie" title="Turquie">Turquie</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Hungary.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Hongrie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Hongrie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/20px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/30px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/40px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tatab%C3%A1nya" title="Tatabánya">Tatabánya</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hongrie" title="Hongrie">Hongrie</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Poland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Pologne"><img alt="Drapeau de la Pologne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Varsovie" title="Varsovie">Varsovie</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pologne" title="Pologne">Pologne</a>) depuis 1997</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personnalités"><span id="Personnalit.C3.A9s"></span>Personnalités</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifier la section : Personnalités" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&action=edit&section=9" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Personnalités"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artur_Sarkisov" title="Artur Sarkisov">Artur Sarkisov</a> (1987-), footballeur international</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Djokhar_Douda%C3%AFev" title="Djokhar Doudaïev">Djokhar Doudaïev</a> (1944-1996), ancien général de l'armée de l'air</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Troshev" class="mw-redirect" title="Gennady Troshev">Gennady Troshev</a>, (1947-2008) colonel général de l'armée russe</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam-Beka_Albiyev" title="Islam-Beka Albiyev">Islam-Beka Albiyev</a> (1988-), lutteur</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Israil_Arsamakov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Israil Arsamakov (page inexistante)">Israil Arsamakov</a> (1962-), haltérophile</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khassan_Baiev" title="Khassan Baiev">Khassan Baiev</a>, (1963-) chirurgien</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyudmila_Turishcheva" title="Lyudmila Turishcheva">Lyudmila Turishcheva</a> (1952-), gymnaste olympique</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mamed_Khalidov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mamed Khalidov (page inexistante)">Mamed Khalidov</a> (1980-), combattant d'arts martiaux mixtes</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meseda_Bagaudinova" title="Meseda Bagaudinova">Meseda Bagaudinova</a> (1983-), chanteuse pop</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatyana_Anisimova" title="Tatyana Anisimova">Tatyana Anisimova</a> (1949-), athlète</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timour_Aliev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timour Aliev (page inexistante)">Timour Aliev</a>, journaliste</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuriy_Radonyak" title="Yuriy Radonyak">Yuriy Radonyak</a> (1935-2013), boxeur</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liza_Oumarova" title="Liza Oumarova">Liza Oumarova</a>, (1965 -) auteure-compositrice-interprète</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mouslim_Khoutchiev" title="Mouslim Khoutchiev">Mouslim Khoutchiev</a>, (1971-)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climat">Climat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifier la section : Climat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&action=edit&section=10" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Climat"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable centre" style="text-align:center; background: var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:var(--color-emphasized, #000);"> <caption>Normales et records pour la période 1991-2020 à Grozny</caption> <tbody><tr><th scope="col" style="background-color:#DFD" class="unsortable">Mois</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD"><abbr title="janvier">jan.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD"><abbr title="février">fév.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD">mars</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD">avril</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD">mai</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD">juin</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD"><abbr title="juillet">jui.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD">août</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD"><abbr title="septembre">sep.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD"><abbr title="octobre">oct.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD"><abbr title="novembre">nov.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD"><abbr title="décembre">déc.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD">année</th> </tr><tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;"><abbr title="Température minimale moyenne (°C)">T. min. moy.</abbr></th> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">−4,2</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">−3,7</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">0,8</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">5,7</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">11,5</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">15,9</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">18,2</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">17,9</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">13,4</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">7,3</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">1,4</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">−2,5</td> <td><b>6,8</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;"><abbr title="Température moyenne">T. moy.</abbr> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Degr%C3%A9_Celsius" title="Degré Celsius">°C</a>)</small></th> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">−1,5</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">−0,6</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">4,7</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">10,8</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">16,7</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">21,4</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">23,9</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">23,6</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">18,5</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">11,6</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">4,5</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">0,1</td> <td><b>11,1</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;"><abbr title="Température maximale moyenne (°C)">T. max. moy.</abbr></th> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">2,3</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">3,7</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">10,1</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">17,3</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">23,2</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">28,2</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">30,8</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">30,6</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">25,1</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">17,2</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">8,8</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">3,5</td> <td><b>16,7</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;"><abbr title="Record de froid (°C)">Rec. de fr.</abbr><br /><small>date</small></th> <td style="background-color:#6478FF">−31,5<br /><small>1940</small></td> <td style="background-color:#6478FF">−31<br /><small>1972</small></td> <td style="background-color:#B4C8FF">−19<br /><small>1985</small></td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">−7,6<br /><small>1948</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">−3,1<br /><small>1949</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">5,6<br /><small>1967</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">9,2<br /><small>1992</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">5<br /><small>1950</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">−2,7<br /><small>1956</small></td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">−9,6<br /><small>1958</small></td> <td style="background-color:#8CA0FF">−24<br /><small>1953</small></td> <td style="background-color:#8CA0FF">−27<br /><small>1945</small></td> <td><b>−31,5</b><br /><small>1940</small></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;"><abbr title="Record de chaleur (°C)">Rec. de ch.</abbr><br /><small>date</small></th> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">15,5<br /><small>2007</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">22,3<br /><small>2016</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">32,9<br /><small>2013</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">33,7<br /><small>1970</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">38,1<br /><small>1961</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">39,1<br /><small>1956</small></td> <td style="background-color:#E23800">42<br /><small>2001</small></td> <td style="background-color:#E23800">41,4<br /><small>1940</small></td> <td style="background-color:#E23800">40,7<br /><small>2010</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">32,5<br /><small>1973</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">23,7<br /><small>1992</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">18<br /><small>1961</small></td> <td><b>42</b><br /><small>2001</small></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;"><abbr title="Ensoleillement">Ensol.</abbr> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Heure" title="Heure">h</a>)</small></th> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">59</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">67</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">104</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">167</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">219</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">242</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">247</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">234</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">186</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">136</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">68</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">49</td> <td><b>1 778</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;"><abbr title="Précipitations">Préc.</abbr> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Millim%C3%A8tre" title="Millimètre">mm</a>)</small></th> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">29</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">24</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">34</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">43</td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">67</td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">84</td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">53</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">48</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">48</td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">51</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">36</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">33</td> <td><b>550</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;"><abbr title="Record de pluie en 24 h">Rec. de pl.</abbr> <small>(mm)</small><br /><small>date</small></th> <td>22<br /><small>1943</small></td> <td>27<br /><small>2016</small></td> <td>30<br /><small>1964</small></td> <td>46<br /><small>1978</small></td> <td>93<br /><small>2020</small></td> <td>78<br /><small>1953</small></td> <td>72<br /><small>1958</small></td> <td>72<br /><small>1956</small></td> <td>91<br /><small>1956</small></td> <td>54<br /><small>2011</small></td> <td>89<br /><small>1994</small></td> <td>43<br /><small>1994</small></td> <td><b>93</b><br /><small>2020</small></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;"><abbr title="Nombre de jours avec précipitations">J. avec préc.</abbr></th> <td>4,9</td> <td>5,2</td> <td>4,9</td> <td>5,1</td> <td>7,2</td> <td>8</td> <td>6,2</td> <td>5,7</td> <td>4,6</td> <td>5,9</td> <td>5,8</td> <td>6,3</td> <td><b>69,8</b></td> </tr> </tbody></table><div style="margin-top: -1em; text-align:center; font-size:85%">Source : Погода и Климат<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/NOAA" class="mw-redirect" title="NOAA">NOAA</a> (Ensoleillement)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></div> <table style="text-align:center; margin: 1em auto; border:solid 1px silver; border-collapse: collapse;"> <tbody><tr><td colspan="12"><a href="/wiki/Diagramme_climatique" title="Diagramme climatique">Diagramme climatique</a> </td></tr> <tr><td><abbr title="janvier">J</abbr></td><td><abbr title="février">F</abbr></td><td><abbr title="mars">M</abbr></td><td><abbr title="avril">A</abbr></td><td><abbr title="mai">M</abbr></td><td><abbr title="juin">J</abbr></td><td><abbr title="juillet">J</abbr></td><td><abbr title="août">A</abbr></td><td><abbr title="septembre">S</abbr></td><td><abbr title="octobre">O</abbr></td><td><abbr title="novembre">N</abbr></td><td><abbr title="décembre">D</abbr></td></tr><tr><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:0.58em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:7.16em;left:.4em;height:1.3em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:8.21em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>2,3</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:5.66em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>−4,2</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>29</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:0.48em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:7.26em;left:.4em;height:1.48em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:8.49em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>3,7</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:5.76em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>−3,7</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>24</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:0.68em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:8.16em;left:.4em;height:1.86em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:9.77em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>10,1</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:6.66em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>0,8</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>34</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:0.86em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:9.14em;left:.4em;height:2.32em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:11.21em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>17,3</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:7.64em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>5,7</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>43</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:1.34em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:10.3em;left:.4em;height:2.34em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:12.39em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>23,2</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:8.8em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>11,5</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>67</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:1.68em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:11.18em;left:.4em;height:2.46em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:13.39em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>28,2</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:9.68em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>15,9</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>84</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:1.06em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:11.64em;left:.4em;height:2.52em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:13.91em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>30,8</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:10.14em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>18,2</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>53</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:0.96em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:11.58em;left:.4em;height:2.54em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:13.87em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>30,6</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:10.08em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>17,9</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>48</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:0.96em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:10.68em;left:.4em;height:2.34em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:12.77em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>25,1</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:9.18em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>13,4</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>48</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:1.02em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:9.46em;left:.4em;height:1.98em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:11.19em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>17,2</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:7.96em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>7,3</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>51</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:0.72em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:8.28em;left:.4em;height:1.48em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:9.51em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>8,8</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:6.78em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>1,4</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>36</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:0.66em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:7.5em;left:.4em;height:1.2em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:8.45em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>3,5</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:6em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>−2,5</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>33</small></div></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="text-align:left;">Moyennes : <abbr title="Températures">• Temp.</abbr> <span style="color:red">maxi</span> et <span style="color:blue">mini</span> <abbr title="Degrés Celsius">°C</abbr> <span style="color:#6478FF">• Précipitation</span> <abbr title="Millimètres">mm</abbr></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&action=edit&section=11" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&action=edit&section=12" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ol%C3%A9oduc_Grozny-Touaps%C3%A9" title="Oléoduc Grozny-Touapsé">Oléoduc Grozny-Touapsé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conf%C3%A9rence_islamique_internationale_de_Grozny" title="Conférence islamique internationale de Grozny">Conférence islamique internationale de Grozny</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&action=edit&section=13" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style><div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="commons"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grozny?uselang=fr">Grozny</a>, sur <span class="project">Wikimedia Commons</span></li> </ul> </div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <ul><li><cite class="ouvrage" id="site_officiel" style="font-style: normal;"><span class="wd_p856"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://grozmer.ru/">Site officiel</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5196?uselang=fr#P856" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></cite></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative à la bande dessinée<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5196?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comicvine.gamespot.com/wd/4020-59187/"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Comic Vine</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative à la musique<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5196?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/712f00f0-65e2-4334-9daa-741e2e5d2265"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">MusicBrainz</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative à la géographie<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5196?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://classif.spb.ru/classificators/view/okt.php?st=A&kr=1&kod=96401000000"><span class="lang-ru" lang="ru">OKATO</span></a></li> </ul></span> </li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers">Notices dans des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5196?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Grozny"><i>Britannica</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sapere.it/enciclopedia/Groznyj.html"><i>Enciclopedia De Agostini</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/EC-GEC-0031223.xml"><i>Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/;3908140"><i>Internetowa encyklopedia PWN</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snl.no/Groznyj"><i>Store norske leksikon</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/groznyj"><i>Treccani</i></a></li> </ul></div></li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers"><a href="/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_(sciences_de_l%27information)" title="Autorité (sciences de l'information)">Notices d'autorité</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5196?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/131353567">VIAF</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12495404p">BnF</a></span> (<span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12495404p">données</a></span>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/034168788">IdRef</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81000104">LCCN</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4253100-7">GND</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX6112315">Espagne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007566745205171">Israël</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aut.nkp.cz/ge261711">Tchéquie</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F/?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000245338">Lettonie</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n81-000104">WorldCat</a></span></li> </ul></div></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grozny&action=edit&section=14" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="larousse.fr">larousse.fr, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/ville/Grozny%C3%AF/122420"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Groznyï</cite></a> » <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2022-07-29" data-sort-value="2022-07-29">29 juillet 2022</time>)</small></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Distances à vol d'oiseau ou <a href="/wiki/Orthodromie" title="Orthodromie">distances orthodromiques</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2015">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lepoint.fr/monde/manifestation-anti-charlie-francais-degagez-ou-nous-vous-egorgerons-19-01-2015-1897830_24.php"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Manifestation “anti-Charlie” : “Français, dégagez ou nous vous égorgerons”</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">lepoint.fr</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-01-19" data-sort-value="2015-01-19">19 janvier 2015</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-01-19" data-sort-value="2015-01-19">19 janvier 2015</time>)</small></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-BBC_4-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_4-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/6414603.stm">Scars remain amid Chechen revival</a>, BBC News, 3 mars 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pop-stat.mashke.org/russia-cities.htm"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Recensements et estimations de la population depuis 1897</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">pop-stat.mashke.org</span></span> — <span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : russe">(ru)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/perepis_itogi1612.htm"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="ru">Office fédéral de statistiques, <i>Recensement de la population russe de 2010</i></cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">www.ru</span></span> — <span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : russe">(ru)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/doc_2012/bul_dr/mun_obr2012.rar"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="ru">Population résidente par municipalité de la fédération de Russie au <abbr class="abbr" title="Premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> janvier 2012</cite></a> » <abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-rar" title="Document compressé au format RAR">[rar]</abbr>, sur <span class="italique">gks.ru</span></span> — <span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : russe">(ru)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/doc_2013/bul_dr/mun_obr2013.rar"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="ru">Population résidente par municipalité de la fédération de Russie au <abbr class="abbr" title="Premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> janvier 2013</cite></a> » <abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-rar" title="Document compressé au format RAR">[rar]</abbr>, sur <span class="italique">gks.ru</span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : russe">(ru)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate/37235.htm"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="ru">Климатические таблицы. Данные для Грозного.</cite></a> », Погода и Климат <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-11-30" data-sort-value="2021-11-30">30 novembre 2021</time>)</small></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1961-1990/TABLES/REG_VI/RE/37235.TXT"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">GROZNYJ 1961–1990</cite></a> », <a href="/wiki/NOAA" class="mw-redirect" title="NOAA">NOAA</a> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-11-30" data-sort-value="2021-11-30">30 novembre 2021</time>)</small></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A9nie" title="Modèle:Palette Tchétchénie"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A9nie&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A9nie" title="Tchétchénie">République tchétchène</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Capitale administrative</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Grozny</a></b></td> <td class="navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:7px"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Coat_of_arms_of_Chechnya.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Armoiries de la Tchétchénie"><img alt="Armoiries de la Tchétchénie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Coat_of_arms_of_Chechnya.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_Chechnya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Coat_of_arms_of_Chechnya.svg/113px-Coat_of_arms_of_Chechnya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Coat_of_arms_of_Chechnya.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Chechnya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="716" data-file-height="812" /></a><figcaption>Armoiries de la Tchétchénie</figcaption></figure></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Villes</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argoun_(ville)" title="Argoun (ville)">Argoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atchkho%C3%AF-Martan" title="Atchkhoï-Martan">Atchkhoï-Martan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chali" title="Chali">Chali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelkovska%C3%AFa" title="Chelkovskaïa">Chelkovskaïa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goudermes" title="Goudermes">Goudermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kourtchalo%C3%AF" title="Kourtchaloï">Kourtchaloï</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naourska%C3%AFa" title="Naourskaïa">Naourskaïa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%C3%AFskhara" title="Oïskhara">Oïskhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ourous-Martan" title="Ourous-Martan">Ourous-Martan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sernovodsko%C3%AFe" title="Sernovodskoïe">Sernovodskoïe</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-banner" style="" colspan="3"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armoiries_de_la_Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A9nie" title="Armoiries de la Tchétchénie">Armoiries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chef_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A8ne" title="Chef de la République tchétchène">Chefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drapeau_de_la_Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A9nie" title="Drapeau de la Tchétchénie">Drapeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Histoire_de_la_Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A9nie" title="Histoire de la Tchétchénie">Histoire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymne_national_de_la_r%C3%A9publique_de_Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A9nie" title="Hymne national de la république de Tchétchénie">Hymne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parlement_de_la_Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A9nie" title="Parlement de la Tchétchénie">Parlement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_de_Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A9nie" title="Subdivisions de Tchétchénie">Subdivisions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Russie" title="Portail de la Russie"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/50px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/66px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Russie" title="Portail:Russie">Portail de la Russie</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A9nie" title="Portail de la Tchétchénie"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg/66px-Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A9nie" title="Portail:Tchétchénie">Portail de la Tchétchénie</a></span> </span></li> </ul>    </div><noscript><img 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