CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Anonymous function - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"81fd1d5f-4b99-47ee-a263-f39e1a8c3e54","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Anonymous_function","wgTitle":"Anonymous function","wgCurRevisionId":1252038929,"wgRevisionId":1252038929,"wgArticleId":7018181,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Articles needing additional references from February 2018","All articles needing additional references","Incomplete lists from August 2008","Articles with example code","Articles with example C code","Articles with example C++ code","Articles with example C Sharp code","Articles with example D code","Articles with example Java code","Articles with example JavaScript code", "Articles with example Julia code","Articles with example Lisp (programming language) code","Articles with example MATLAB/Octave code","Articles with example PHP code","Articles with example Python (programming language) code","Articles with example R code","Articles with example Ruby code","Articles with example Scala code","Articles with example Smalltalk code","Articles with example Tcl code","Data types","Functional programming","Lambda calculus","Subroutines"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Anonymous_function","wgRelevantArticleId":7018181,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgRedirectedFrom":"Function_literals","wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0, "wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/Anonymous_function","wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q567612","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready", "ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.pygments":"ready","ext.math.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.tablesorter.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.pygments.view","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.tablesorter","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents", "ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.math.styles%7Cext.pygments%2CwikimediaBadges%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.tablesorter.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Anonymous function - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anonymous_function"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anonymous_function"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Anonymous_function rootpage-Anonymous_function skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Main menu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events">Current events</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia">Learn to edit</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors">Community portal</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia">Upload file</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Search </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Appearance </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Anonymous+function" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Anonymous+function" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Log in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personal tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en">Donate</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Anonymous+function" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"> Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Anonymous+function" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Names" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Names"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Names </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Names-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Uses </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Uses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Uses subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sorting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sorting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Sorting </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sorting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Closures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Closures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Closures </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Closures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Currying" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Currying"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Currying </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Currying-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Higher-order_functions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Higher-order_functions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Higher-order functions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Higher-order_functions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Map" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Map"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4.1 Map </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Map-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4.2 Filter </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fold" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fold"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4.3 Fold </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fold-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 List of languages </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Examples_of_anonymous_functions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examples_of_anonymous_functions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Examples of anonymous functions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Examples_of_anonymous_functions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Anonymous function</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 24 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" > 24 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%87%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9" title="دالة مجهولة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دالة مجهولة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Анонимна функция – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Анонимна функция" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funci%C3%B3_an%C3%B2nima" title="Funció anònima – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Funció anònima" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anonyme_Funktion" title="Anonyme Funktion – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Anonyme Funktion" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anon%C3%BC%C3%BCmne_funktsioon" title="Anonüümne funktsioon – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Anonüümne funktsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CF%8E%CE%BD%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B7_%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%81%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Ανώνυμη συνάρτηση – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ανώνυμη συνάρτηση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expresi%C3%B3n_lambda" title="Expresión lambda – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Expresión lambda" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonction_anonyme" title="Fonction anonyme – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fonction anonyme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B5%EB%AA%85_%ED%95%A8%EC%88%98" title="익명 함수 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="익명 함수" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funzione_anonima" title="Funzione anonima – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Funzione anonima" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A7%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%90" title="פונקציות למדא – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פונקציות למדא" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B3%D2%AF%D0%B9_%D1%84%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%86" title="Нэргүй функц – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Нэргүй функц" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anonieme_functie" title="Anonieme functie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Anonieme functie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E5%90%8D%E9%96%A2%E6%95%B0" title="無名関数 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="無名関数" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funkcja_anonimowa" title="Funkcja anonimowa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Funkcja anonimowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%84%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Анонимная функция – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Анонимная функция" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funksioni_anonim" title="Funksioni anonim – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Funksioni anonim" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anonymous_function" title="Anonymous function – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Anonymous function" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anonimna_funkcija" title="Anonimna funkcija – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Anonimna funkcija" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anonimna_funkcija" title="Anonimna funkcija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Anonimna funkcija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambda_(anonyymi_funktio)" title="Lambda (anonyymi funktio) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lambda (anonyymi funktio)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anonyma_funktioner" title="Anonyma funktioner – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Anonyma funktioner" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Анонімна функція – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Анонімна функція" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%BF%E5%90%8D%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0" title="匿名函数 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="匿名函数" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q567612#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Anonymous_function" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Anonymous_function" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >English </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Anonymous_function">Read</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Anonymous_function">Read</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=history">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Anonymous_function" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Anonymous_function" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q">Special pages</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&oldid=1252038929" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Anonymous_function&id=1252038929&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAnonymous_function">Get shortened URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAnonymous_function">Download QR code</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Anonymous_function&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q567612" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Function_literals&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Function literals">Function literals</a>)</div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Function definition that is not bound to an identifier</div> In <a href="/wiki/Computer_programming" title="Computer programming">computer programming</a>, an anonymous function (function literal, expression or block) is a <a href="/wiki/Function_(computer_science)" class="mw-redirect" title="Function (computer science)">function</a> definition that is not <a href="/wiki/Name_binding" title="Name binding">bound</a> to an <a href="/wiki/Name_(computer_science)" class="mw-redirect" title="Name (computer science)">identifier</a>. Anonymous functions are often arguments being passed to <a href="/wiki/Higher-order_function" title="Higher-order function">higher-order functions</a> or used for constructing the result of a higher-order function that needs to return a function.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> If the function is only used once, or a limited number of times, an anonymous function may be syntactically lighter than using a named function. Anonymous functions are ubiquitous in <a href="/wiki/Functional_programming_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Functional programming language">functional programming languages</a> and other languages with <a href="/wiki/First-class_function" title="First-class function">first-class functions</a>, where they fulfil the same role for the <a href="/wiki/Function_type" title="Function type">function type</a> as <a href="/wiki/Literal_(computer_programming)" title="Literal (computer programming)">literals</a> do for other <a href="/wiki/Data_type" title="Data type">data types</a>. Anonymous functions originate in the work of <a href="/wiki/Alonzo_Church" title="Alonzo Church">Alonzo Church</a> in his invention of the <a href="/wiki/Lambda_calculus" title="Lambda calculus">lambda calculus</a>, in which all functions are anonymous, in 1936, before electronic computers.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> In several programming languages, anonymous functions are introduced using the keyword lambda, and anonymous functions are often referred to as lambdas or lambda abstractions. Anonymous functions have been a feature of <a href="/wiki/Programming_language" title="Programming language">programming languages</a> since <a href="/wiki/Lisp_(programming_language)" title="Lisp (programming language)">Lisp</a> in 1958, and a growing number of modern programming languages support anonymous functions. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Names">Names</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Names">edit</a>]</div> The names "lambda abstraction", "lambda function", and "lambda expression" refer to the notation of function abstraction in lambda calculus, where the usual function f(x) = M would be written (λx.M), and where M is an expression that uses x. Compare to the Python syntax of <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-python mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr">lambda x: M</code>. The name "arrow function" refers to the mathematical "<a href="/wiki/Maplet" class="mw-redirect" title="Maplet">maps to</a>" symbol, x ↦ M. Compare to the JavaScript syntax of <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-js mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr">x => M</code>.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Uses">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a>. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Anonymous_function" title="Special:EditPage/Anonymous function">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>. (February 2018) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> Anonymous functions can be used for containing functionality that need not be named and possibly for short-term use. Some notable examples include <a href="/wiki/Closure_(computer_science)" class="mw-redirect" title="Closure (computer science)">closures</a> and <a href="/wiki/Currying" title="Currying">currying</a>. The use of anonymous functions is a matter of style. Using them is never the only way to solve a problem; each anonymous function could instead be defined as a named function and called by name. Anonymous functions often provide a briefer notation than defining named functions. In languages that do not permit the definition of named functions in local scopes, anonymous functions may provide encapsulation via localized scope, however the code in the body of such anonymous function may not be re-usable, or amenable to separate testing. Short/simple anonymous functions used in expressions may be easier to read and understand than separately defined named functions, though without a <a href="/wiki/Naming_convention_(programming)" title="Naming convention (programming)">descriptive name</a> they may be more difficult to understand. In some programming languages, anonymous functions are commonly implemented for very specific purposes such as binding events to callbacks or instantiating the function for particular values, which may be more efficient in a <a href="/wiki/Dynamic_programming_language" title="Dynamic programming language">Dynamic programming language</a>, more readable, and less error-prone than calling a named function. The following examples are written in Python 3. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sorting">Sorting</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Sorting">edit</a>]</div> When attempting to sort in a non-standard way, it may be easier to contain the sorting logic as an anonymous function instead of creating a named function. Most languages provide a generic sort function that implements a <a href="/wiki/Sort_algorithm" class="mw-redirect" title="Sort algorithm">sort algorithm</a> that will sort arbitrary objects. This function usually accepts an arbitrary function that determines how to compare whether two elements are equal or if one is greater or less than the other. Consider this Python code sorting a list of strings by length of the string: <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-python mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre>>>> a = ['house', 'car', 'bike'] >>> a.sort(key=lambda x: len(x)) >>> a ['car', 'bike', 'house'] </pre></div> The anonymous function in this example is the lambda expression: <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-python mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre>lambda x: len(x) </pre></div> The anonymous function accepts one argument, <code>x</code>, and returns the length of its argument, which is then used by the <code>sort()</code> method as the criteria for sorting. Basic syntax of a lambda function in Python is <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-python mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre>lambda arg1, arg2, arg3, ...: <operation on the arguments returning a value> </pre></div> The expression returned by the lambda function can be assigned to a variable and used in the code at multiple places. <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-python mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre>>>> add = lambda a: a + a >>> add(20) 40 </pre></div> Another example would be sorting items in a list by the name of their class (in Python, everything has a class): <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-python mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre>>>> a = [10, 'number', 11.2] >>> a.sort(key=lambda x: x.__class__.__name__) >>> a [11.2, 10, 'number'] </pre></div> Note that <code>11.2</code> has class name "<code>float</code>", <code>10</code> has class name "<code>int</code>", and <code>'number'</code> has class name "<code>str</code>". The sorted order is "<code>float</code>", "<code>int</code>", then "<code>str</code>". <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Closures">Closures</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Closures">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Closure_(computer_programming)" title="Closure (computer programming)">Closure (computer programming)</a></div> Closures are functions evaluated in an environment containing <a href="/wiki/Bound_variable" class="mw-redirect" title="Bound variable">bound variables</a>. The following example binds the variable "threshold" in an anonymous function that compares the input to the threshold. <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-python mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre>def comp(threshold): return lambda x: x < threshold </pre></div> This can be used as a sort of generator of comparison functions: <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-python mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre>>>> func_a = comp(10) >>> func_b = comp(20) >>> print(func_a(5), func_a(8), func_a(13), func_a(21)) True True False False >>> print(func_b(5), func_b(8), func_b(13), func_b(21)) True True True False </pre></div> It would be impractical to create a function for every possible comparison function and may be too inconvenient to keep the threshold around for further use. Regardless of the reason why a closure is used, the anonymous function is the entity that contains the functionality that does the comparing. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Currying">Currying</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Currying">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Currying" title="Currying">currying</a></div> Currying is the process of changing a function so that rather than taking multiple inputs, it takes a single input and returns a function which accepts the second input, and so forth. In this example, a function that performs <a href="/wiki/Integer_division" class="mw-redirect" title="Integer division">division</a> by any integer is transformed into one that performs division by a set integer. <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-python mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre>>>> def divide(x, y): ... return x / y >>> def divisor(d): ... return lambda x: divide(x, d) >>> half = divisor(2) >>> third = divisor(3) >>> print(half(32), third(32)) 16.0 10.666666666666666 >>> print(half(40), third(40)) 20.0 13.333333333333334 </pre></div> While the use of anonymous functions is perhaps not common with currying, it still can be used. In the above example, the function divisor generates functions with a specified divisor. The functions half and third curry the divide function with a fixed divisor. The divisor function also forms a closure by binding the variable <code>d</code>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Higher-order_functions">Higher-order functions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Higher-order functions">edit</a>]</div> A <a href="/wiki/Higher-order_function" title="Higher-order function">higher-order function</a> is a function that takes a function as an argument or returns one as a result. This is commonly used to customize the behavior of a generically defined function, often a looping construct or recursion scheme. Anonymous functions are a convenient way to specify such function arguments. The following examples are in Python 3. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Map">Map</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Map">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Map_(higher-order_function)" title="Map (higher-order function)">Map (higher-order function)</a></div> The map function performs a function call on each element of a list. The following example <a href="/wiki/Square_(algebra)" title="Square (algebra)">squares</a> every element in an array with an anonymous function. <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-python mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre>>>> a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] >>> list(map(lambda x: x*x, a)) [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36] </pre></div> The anonymous function accepts an argument and multiplies it by itself (squares it). The above form is discouraged by the creators of the language, who maintain that the form presented below has the same meaning and is more aligned with the philosophy of the language: <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-python mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre>>>> a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] >>> [x*x for x in a] [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36] </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Filter">Filter</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Filter">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Filter_(higher-order_function)" title="Filter (higher-order function)">Filter (higher-order function)</a></div> The filter function returns all elements from a list that evaluate True when passed to a certain function. <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-python mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre>>>> a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] >>> list(filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0, a)) [2, 4, 6] </pre></div> The anonymous function checks if the argument passed to it is even. The same as with map, the form below is considered more appropriate: <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-python mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre>>>> a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] >>> [x for x in a if x % 2 == 0] [2, 4, 6] </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fold">Fold</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Fold">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Fold_(higher-order_function)" title="Fold (higher-order function)">Fold (higher-order function)</a></div> A fold function runs over all elements in a structure (for lists usually left-to-right, a "left fold", called <code>reduce</code> in Python), accumulating a value as it goes. This can be used to combine all elements of a structure into one value, for example: <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-python mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre>>>> from functools import reduce >>> a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] >>> reduce(lambda x,y: x*y, a) 120 </pre></div> This performs <dl><dd><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \left(\left(\left(1\times 2\right)\times 3\right)\times 4\right)\times 5=120.}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>×</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>×</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>×</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>×</mo> <mn>5</mn> <mo>=</mo> <mn>120.</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \left(\left(\left(1\times 2\right)\times 3\right)\times 4\right)\times 5=120.}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/669852536413e995d8ea3b87780f33f5d526f211" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:29.834ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \left(\left(\left(1\times 2\right)\times 3\right)\times 4\right)\times 5=120.}"></dd></dl> The anonymous function here is the multiplication of the two arguments. The result of a fold need not be one value. Instead, both map and filter can be created using fold. In map, the value that is accumulated is a new list, containing the results of applying a function to each element of the original list. In filter, the value that is accumulated is a new list containing only those elements that match the given condition. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_languages">List of languages</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: List of languages">edit</a>]</div> The following is a list of <a href="/wiki/Programming_language" title="Programming language">programming languages</a> that support unnamed anonymous functions fully, or partly as some variant, or not at all. This table shows some general trends. First, the languages that do not support anonymous functions (<a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pascal_(programming_language)" title="Pascal (programming language)">Pascal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Object_Pascal" title="Object Pascal">Object Pascal</a>) are all statically typed languages. However, statically typed languages can support anonymous functions. For example, the <a href="/wiki/ML_(programming_language)" title="ML (programming language)">ML</a> languages are statically typed and fundamentally include anonymous functions, and <a href="/wiki/Delphi_(programming_language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Delphi (programming language)">Delphi</a>, a dialect of <a href="/wiki/Object_Pascal" title="Object Pascal">Object Pascal</a>, has been extended to support anonymous functions, as has <a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a> (by the <a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B11" title="C++11">C++11</a> standard). Second, the languages that treat functions as <a href="/wiki/First-class_function" title="First-class function">first-class functions</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dylan_(programming_language)" title="Dylan (programming language)">Dylan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haskell_(programming_language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Haskell (programming language)">Haskell</a>, <a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lisp_(programming_language)" title="Lisp (programming language)">Lisp</a>, <a href="/wiki/ML_(programming_language)" title="ML (programming language)">ML</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perl" title="Perl">Perl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)" title="Ruby (programming language)">Ruby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scheme_(programming_language)" title="Scheme (programming language)">Scheme</a>) generally have anonymous function support so that functions can be defined and passed around as easily as other data types. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/30px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></td><td class="mbox-text" style="width: auto;"><div class="mbox-text-span">This list is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete</a>; you can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=edit">adding missing items</a>. (August 2008)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1253789634">@media screen{.mw-parser-output .sticky-header>thead>tr:first-child,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header>caption+tbody>tr:first-child,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header>tbody:first-child>tr:first-child,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi>thead{position:sticky;top:0;z-index:10}.mw-parser-output .sticky-header:not(.wikitable),.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi:not(.wikitable){background-color:white}.mw-parser-output .sticky-header:not(.wikitable)>*,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header:not(.wikitable)>thead>tr:first-child,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header:not(.wikitable)>caption+tbody>tr:first-child,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header:not(.wikitable)>tbody:first-child>tr:first-child,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi:not(.wikitable)>thead,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi>thead{background-color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .sticky-header.wikitable,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.wikitable{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;border-width:0 1px 1px 0}.mw-parser-output .sticky-header.wikitable td,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header.wikitable th,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.wikitable td,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.wikitable th{border-width:1px 0 0 1px}body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .sticky-header.wikitable,body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.wikitable{border-bottom-width:0.2em;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable tr::before,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable tr::before{border-left-width:1px}.mw-parser-output .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable>thead>tr:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable>caption+tbody>tr:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable>tbody:first-child>tr:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable>thead>tr:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable>caption+tbody>tr:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable>tbody:first-child>tr:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable .sortbottom::before,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable .sortbottom::before{border-top-width:1px}.mw-parser-output .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable .sortbottom~.sortbottom::before,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable .sortbottom~.sortbottom::before{border-top-width:0}.mw-parser-output .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable>tbody>tr:not(.static-row-header)::before,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable>tbody>tr:not(.static-row-header)::before{border-bottom-width:0!important;border-right-width:0!important}body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .content-table-scrollbar,body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .overflowed,body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .overflowed .content-table{overflow:visible}body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .scroll-right.overflowed .content-table-right{box-shadow:none;border-left:none}}@media screen and (min-width:1120px){body.vector-sticky-header-visible .mw-parser-output .sticky-header>thead>tr:first-child,body.vector-sticky-header-visible .mw-parser-output .sticky-header>caption+tbody>tr:first-child,body.vector-sticky-header-visible .mw-parser-output .sticky-header>tbody:first-child>tr:first-child,body.vector-sticky-header-visible .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi>thead{top:3.125rem}}@media screen and (min-width:851px){body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .sticky-header>thead>tr:first-child,body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .sticky-header>caption+tbody>tr:first-child,body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .sticky-header>tbody:first-child>tr:first-child,body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi>thead{top:3.51em}}@media screen and (max-width:639px){body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sticky-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi,body.skin-monobook .mw-parser-output .sticky-header,body.skin-monobook .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi,body.skin-vector-legacy .mw-parser-output .sticky-header,body.skin-vector-legacy .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi,body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output .sticky-header,body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sticky-header>caption,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi>caption{display:table-caption}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.wikitable{background-color:#101418}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.wikitable{background-color:#101418}}</style> <table class="sortable wikitable sticky-header" style="text-align: left; font-size: 0.92em;"> <caption>List of languages </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Language</th> <th>Support</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ActionScript" title="ActionScript">ActionScript</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ada_(programming_language)" title="Ada (programming language)">Ada</a> </td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td>Expression functions are a part of Ada2012, access-to-subprogram<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ALGOL_68" title="ALGOL 68">ALGOL 68</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/APL_(programming_language)" title="APL (programming language)">APL</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td>Dyalog, ngn and dzaima APL fully support both dfns and tacit functions. GNU APL has rather limited support for dfns. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Assembly_language" title="Assembly language">Assembly languages</a> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no"><img alt="Red X" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/13px-Red_x.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/20px-Red_x.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/26px-Red_x.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />N </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/AutoHotkey" title="AutoHotkey">AHK</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td>Since AutoHotkey V2 anonymous functions are supported with a syntax similar to JavaScript. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bash_(Unix_shell)" title="Bash (Unix shell)">Bash</a> </td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td>A library has been made to support anonymous functions in Bash.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no"><img alt="Red X" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/13px-Red_x.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/20px-Red_x.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/26px-Red_x.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />N </td> <td>Support is provided in <a href="/wiki/Clang" title="Clang">Clang</a> and along with the <a href="/wiki/LLVM" title="LLVM">LLVM</a> compiler-rt lib. GCC support is given for a macro implementation which enables the possibility of use. See below for more details. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/C_Sharp_(programming_language)" title="C Sharp (programming language)">C#</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td>As of the <a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B11" title="C++11">C++11</a> standard </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ColdFusion_Markup_Language" title="ColdFusion Markup Language">CFML</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td>As of <a href="/wiki/Railo" title="Railo">Railo</a> 4,<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> <a href="/wiki/ColdFusion" class="mw-redirect" title="ColdFusion">ColdFusion</a> 10<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Clojure" title="Clojure">Clojure</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/COBOL" title="COBOL">COBOL</a> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no"><img alt="Red X" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/13px-Red_x.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/20px-Red_x.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/26px-Red_x.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />N </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Micro_Focus" title="Micro Focus">Micro Focus</a>'s non-standard Managed COBOL dialect supports lambdas, which are called anonymous delegates/methods.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Curl_(programming_language)" title="Curl (programming language)">Curl</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/D_(programming_language)" title="D (programming language)">D</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dart_(programming_language)" title="Dart (programming language)">Dart</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-:0-12">[12]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Delphi_(programming_language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Delphi (programming language)">Delphi</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dylan_(programming_language)" title="Dylan (programming language)">Dylan</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eiffel_(programming_language)" title="Eiffel (programming language)">Eiffel</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elm_(programming_language)" title="Elm (programming language)">Elm</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elixir_(programming_language)" title="Elixir (programming language)">Elixir</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-:1-16">[16]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Erlang_(programming_language)" title="Erlang (programming language)">Erlang</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-:2-17">[17]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/F_Sharp_(programming_language)" title="F Sharp (programming language)">F#</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-:3-18">[18]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Excel" title="Microsoft Excel">Excel</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td>Excel worksheet function, 2021 beta release<a href="#cite_note-Microsoft_Excel_Blog_2021-01-25-19">[19]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Factor_(programming_language)" title="Factor (programming language)">Factor</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td>"Quotations" support this<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fortran" title="Fortran">Fortran</a> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no"><img alt="Red X" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/13px-Red_x.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/20px-Red_x.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/26px-Red_x.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />N </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frink_(programming_language)" title="Frink (programming language)">Frink</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Go_(programming_language)" title="Go (programming language)">Go</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-:4-22">[22]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gosu_(programming_language)" title="Gosu (programming language)">Gosu</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Groovy_(programming_language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Groovy (programming language)">Groovy</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Haskell_(programming_language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Haskell (programming language)">Haskell</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Haxe" title="Haxe">Haxe</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Java_(programming_language)" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td>Supported in <a href="/wiki/Java_8" class="mw-redirect" title="Java 8">Java 8</a>. See the <a href="#Java_limitations">Java limitations</a> section below for details. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Julia_(programming_language)" title="Julia (programming language)">Julia</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kotlin_(programming_language)" title="Kotlin (programming language)">Kotlin</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lisp_(programming_language)" title="Lisp (programming language)">Lisp</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Logtalk" title="Logtalk">Logtalk</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lua_(programming_language)" title="Lua (programming language)">Lua</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/MUMPS_(programming_language)" class="mw-redirect" title="MUMPS (programming language)">MUMPS</a> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no"><img alt="Red X" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/13px-Red_x.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/20px-Red_x.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/26px-Red_x.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />N </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maple_(software)" title="Maple (software)">Maple</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/MATLAB" title="MATLAB">MATLAB</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maxima_(software)" title="Maxima (software)">Maxima</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nim_(programming_language)" title="Nim (programming language)">Nim</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-auto1-34">[34]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/OCaml" title="OCaml">OCaml</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave">Octave</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Object_Pascal" title="Object Pascal">Object Pascal</a> </td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td>Delphi, a dialect of Object Pascal, supports anonymous functions (formally, anonymous methods) natively since Delphi 2009. The <a href="/wiki/Oxygene_(programming_language)" title="Oxygene (programming language)">Oxygene</a> Object Pascal dialect also supports them. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Objective-C" title="Objective-C">Objective-C</a> (Mac OS X 10.6+) </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td>Called <a href="/wiki/Blocks_(C_language_extension)" title="Blocks (C language extension)">blocks</a>; in addition to Objective-C, blocks can also be used on C and C++ when programming on Apple's platform. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/OpenSCAD" title="OpenSCAD">OpenSCAD</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td>Function Literal support was introduced with version 2021.01.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pascal_(programming_language)" title="Pascal (programming language)">Pascal</a> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no"><img alt="Red X" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/13px-Red_x.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/20px-Red_x.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/26px-Red_x.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />N </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Perl" title="Perl">Perl</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-:5-38">[38]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/PHP" title="PHP">PHP</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td>As of PHP 5.3.0, true anonymous functions are supported.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> Formerly, only partial anonymous functions were supported, which worked much like C#'s implementation. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/PL/I" title="PL/I">PL/I</a> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no"><img alt="Red X" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/13px-Red_x.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/20px-Red_x.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/26px-Red_x.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />N </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a> </td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td>Python supports anonymous functions through the lambda syntax,<a href="#cite_note-:6-40">[40]</a> which supports only expressions, not statements. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/R_(programming_language)" title="R (programming language)">R</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Racket_(programming_language)" title="Racket (programming language)">Racket</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Raku_(programming_language)" title="Raku (programming language)">Raku</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rexx" title="Rexx">Rexx</a> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no"><img alt="Red X" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/13px-Red_x.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/20px-Red_x.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/26px-Red_x.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />N </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/IBM_RPG" title="IBM RPG">RPG</a> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no"><img alt="Red X" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/13px-Red_x.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/20px-Red_x.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/26px-Red_x.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />N </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)" title="Ruby (programming language)">Ruby</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td>Ruby's anonymous functions, inherited from <a href="/wiki/Smalltalk" title="Smalltalk">Smalltalk</a>, are called <a href="/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)#Blocks_and_iterators" title="Ruby (programming language)">blocks</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:10-43">[43]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rust_(programming_language)" title="Rust (programming language)">Rust</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Scala_(programming_language)" title="Scala (programming language)">Scala</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Scheme_(programming_language)" title="Scheme (programming language)">Scheme</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Smalltalk" title="Smalltalk">Smalltalk</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td>Smalltalk's anonymous functions are called <a href="/wiki/Smalltalk#Code_blocks" title="Smalltalk">blocks</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Standard_ML" title="Standard ML">Standard ML</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Swift_(programming_language)" title="Swift (programming language)">Swift</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td>Swift's anonymous functions are called Closures.<a href="#cite_note-:9-47">[47]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/TypeScript" title="TypeScript">TypeScript</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Typst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Typst (page does not exist)">Typst</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tcl" title="Tcl">Tcl</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-:7-50">[50]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vala_(programming_language)" title="Vala (programming language)">Vala</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-:7-50">[50]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Visual_Basic_.NET" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual Basic .NET">Visual Basic .NET</a> v9 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Visual_Prolog" title="Visual Prolog">Visual Prolog</a> v 7.2 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wolfram_Language" title="Wolfram Language">Wolfram Language</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-:8-53">[53]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zig_(programming_language)" title="Zig (programming language)"> Zig</a> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no"><img alt="Red X" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/13px-Red_x.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/20px-Red_x.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/26px-Red_x.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />N </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples_of_anonymous_functions">Examples of anonymous functions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Examples of anonymous functions">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Examples_of_anonymous_functions" title="Examples of anonymous functions">Examples of anonymous functions</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Octicons-terminal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Octicons-terminal.svg/24px-Octicons-terminal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Octicons-terminal.svg/37px-Octicons-terminal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Octicons-terminal.svg/49px-Octicons-terminal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="896" data-file-height="1024" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Computer_programming" title="Portal:Computer programming">Computer programming portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First-class_function" title="First-class function">First-class function</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_calculus_definition" title="Lambda calculus definition">Lambda calculus definition</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://learnyouahaskell.com/higher-order-functions">"Higher order functions"</a>. learnyouahaskell.com. Retrieved 3 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Higher+order+functions&rft.pub=learnyouahaskell.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flearnyouahaskell.com%2Fhigher-order-functions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFernandez2009" class="citation cs2">Fernandez, Maribel (2009), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FPFsnzzebhQC&pg=PA33">Models of Computation: An Introduction to Computability Theory</a>, Undergraduate Topics in Computer Science, Springer Science & Business Media, p. 33, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781848824348" title="Special:BookSources/9781848824348"><bdi>9781848824348</bdi></a>, <q>The Lambda calculus ... was introduced by Alonzo Church in the 1930s as a precise notation for a theory of anonymous functions</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Models+of+Computation%3A+An+Introduction+to+Computability+Theory&rft.series=Undergraduate+Topics+in+Computer+Science&rft.pages=33&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781848824348&rft.aulast=Fernandez&rft.aufirst=Maribel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFPFsnzzebhQC%26pg%3DPA33&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/Arrow_functions">"Arrow function expressions - JavaScript"</a>. MDN. Retrieved August 21, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MDN&rft.atitle=Arrow+function+expressions+-+JavaScript&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FWeb%2FJavaScript%2FReference%2FFunctions%2FArrow_functions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adaic.org/resources/add_content/standards/05rm/html/RM-3-10.html#S0082">"Access Types"</a>. www.adaic.org. Retrieved 2024-06-27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.adaic.org&rft.atitle=Access+Types&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adaic.org%2Fresources%2Fadd_content%2Fstandards%2F05rm%2Fhtml%2FRM-3-10.html%23S0082&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/spencertipping/bash-lambda">"Bash lambda"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a>. 2019-03-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GitHub&rft.atitle=Bash+lambda&rft.date=2019-03-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fspencertipping%2Fbash-lambda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBillWagner" class="citation web cs1">BillWagner. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/lambda-expressions">"Lambda expressions - C# reference"</a>. docs.microsoft.com. Retrieved 2020-11-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=docs.microsoft.com&rft.atitle=Lambda+expressions+-+C%23+reference&rft.au=BillWagner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Fdotnet%2Fcsharp%2Flanguage-reference%2Foperators%2Flambda-expressions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140106031957/http://www.getrailo.org/index.cfm/whats-up/railo-40-beta-released/features/closures/">"Closure support"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.getrailo.org/index.cfm/whats-up/railo-40-beta-released/features/closures/">the original</a> on 2014-01-06. Retrieved 2014-01-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Closure+support&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.getrailo.org%2Findex.cfm%2Fwhats-up%2Frailo-40-beta-released%2Ffeatures%2Fclosures%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140106032853/https://learn.adobe.com/wiki/display/coldfusionen/Whats+new+in+ColdFusion+10">"Whats new in ColdFusion 10"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://learn.adobe.com/wiki/display/coldfusionen/Whats+new+in+ColdFusion+10">the original</a> on 2014-01-06. Retrieved 2014-01-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Whats+new+in+ColdFusion+10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flearn.adobe.com%2Fwiki%2Fdisplay%2Fcoldfusionen%2FWhats%2Bnew%2Bin%2BColdFusion%2B10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://clojure.org/guides/higher_order_functions">"Clojure - Higher Order Functions"</a>. clojure.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=clojure.org&rft.atitle=Clojure+-+Higher+Order+Functions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fclojure.org%2Fguides%2Fhigher_order_functions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20140225190401/http://documentation.microfocus.com/help/topic/com.microfocus.eclipse.infocenter.visualcobol.vs/GUID-DA75663F-6357-4064-8112-C87E7457DE51.html">"Managed COBOL Reference"</a>. Micro Focus Documentation. <a href="/wiki/Micro_Focus" title="Micro Focus">Micro Focus</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://documentation.microfocus.com/help/topic/com.microfocus.eclipse.infocenter.visualcobol.vs/GUID-DA75663F-6357-4064-8112-C87E7457DE51.html">the original</a> on 25 February 2014. Retrieved 25 February 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Micro+Focus+Documentation&rft.atitle=Managed+COBOL+Reference&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdocumentation.microfocus.com%2Fhelp%2Ftopic%2Fcom.microfocus.eclipse.infocenter.visualcobol.vs%2FGUID-DA75663F-6357-4064-8112-C87E7457DE51.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dlang.org/spec/function.html">"Functions - D Programming Language"</a>. dlang.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dlang.org&rft.atitle=Functions+-+D+Programming+Language&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdlang.org%2Fspec%2Ffunction.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-12"><a href="#cite_ref-:0_12-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dart.dev/guides/language/language-tour">"A tour of the Dart language"</a>. dart.dev. Retrieved 2020-11-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dart.dev&rft.atitle=A+tour+of+the+Dart+language&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdart.dev%2Fguides%2Flanguage%2Flanguage-tour&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://docwiki.embarcadero.com/RADStudio/Sydney/en/Anonymous_Methods_in_Delphi#:~:text=As%20the%20name%20suggests,%20an,a%20parameter%20to%20a%20method.">"Anonymous Methods in Delphi - RAD Studio"</a>. docwiki.embarcadero.com. Retrieved 2020-11-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=docwiki.embarcadero.com&rft.atitle=Anonymous+Methods+in+Delphi+-+RAD+Studio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdocwiki.embarcadero.com%2FRADStudio%2FSydney%2Fen%2FAnonymous_Methods_in_Delphi%23%3A~%3Atext%3DAs%2520the%2520name%2520suggests%2C%2520an%2Ca%2520parameter%2520to%2520a%2520method.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opendylan.org/books/dpg/func.html">"Functions — Dylan Programming"</a>. opendylan.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=opendylan.org&rft.atitle=Functions+%E2%80%94+Dylan+Programming&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopendylan.org%2Fbooks%2Fdpg%2Ffunc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elm-lang.org/docs/syntax">"docs/syntax"</a>. elm-lang.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=elm-lang.org&rft.atitle=docs%2Fsyntax&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felm-lang.org%2Fdocs%2Fsyntax&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-16"><a href="#cite_ref-:1_16-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elixir-lang.org/crash-course.html">"Erlang/Elixir Syntax: A Crash Course"</a>. elixir-lang.github.com. Retrieved 2020-11-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=elixir-lang.github.com&rft.atitle=Erlang%2FElixir+Syntax%3A+A+Crash+Course&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felixir-lang.org%2Fcrash-course.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-17"><a href="#cite_ref-:2_17-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://erlang.org/doc/programming_examples/funs.html">"Erlang -- Funs"</a>. erlang.org. Retrieved 2020-11-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=erlang.org&rft.atitle=Erlang+--+Funs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ferlang.org%2Fdoc%2Fprogramming_examples%2Ffuns.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-18"><a href="#cite_ref-:3_18-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFcartermp" class="citation web cs1">cartermp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/fsharp/language-reference/functions/lambda-expressions-the-fun-keyword">"Lambda Expressions: The fun Keyword - F#"</a>. docs.microsoft.com. Retrieved 2020-11-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=docs.microsoft.com&rft.atitle=Lambda+Expressions%3A+The+fun+Keyword+-+F%23&rft.au=cartermp&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Fdotnet%2Ffsharp%2Flanguage-reference%2Ffunctions%2Flambda-expressions-the-fun-keyword&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Microsoft_Excel_Blog_2021-01-25-19"><a href="#cite_ref-Microsoft_Excel_Blog_2021-01-25_19-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/lambda-the-ultimatae-excel-worksheet-function/">"LAMBDA: The ultimate Excel worksheet function"</a>. microsoft.com. 25 January 2021. Retrieved 2021-03-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=microsoft.com&rft.atitle=LAMBDA%3A+The+ultimate+Excel+worksheet+function&rft.date=2021-01-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Fresearch%2Fblog%2Flambda-the-ultimatae-excel-worksheet-function%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://docs.factorcode.org/content/article-quotations.html">"Quotations - Factor Documentation"</a>. Retrieved 26 December 2015. <q>A quotation is an anonymous function (a value denoting a snippet of code) which can be used as a value and called using the Fundamental combinators.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Quotations+-+Factor+Documentation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdocs.factorcode.org%2Fcontent%2Farticle-quotations.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://frinklang.org/">"Frink"</a>. frinklang.org. Retrieved 2020-11-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=frinklang.org&rft.atitle=Frink&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffrinklang.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-22"><a href="#cite_ref-:4_22-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://golangdocs.com/anonymous-functions-in-golang">"Anonymous Functions in GoLang"</a>. GoLang Docs. 9 January 2020. Retrieved 2020-11-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GoLang+Docs&rft.atitle=Anonymous+Functions+in+GoLang&rft.date=2020-01-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgolangdocs.com%2Fanonymous-functions-in-golang&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gosu-lang.org/doc/pdf/gosuref.pdf">"Gosu Documentation"</a> (PDF). Retrieved 4 March 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gosu+Documentation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgosu-lang.org%2Fdoc%2Fpdf%2Fgosuref.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120522213410/http://groovy.codehaus.org/Closures">"Groovy Documentation"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://groovy.codehaus.org/Closures">the original</a> on 22 May 2012. Retrieved 29 May 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Groovy+Documentation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgroovy.codehaus.org%2FClosures&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.haskell.org/Anonymous_function">"Anonymous function - HaskellWiki"</a>. wiki.haskell.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wiki.haskell.org&rft.atitle=Anonymous+function+-+HaskellWiki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.haskell.org%2FAnonymous_function&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://haxe.org/manual/std-Lambda.html">"Lambda"</a>. Haxe - The Cross-platform Toolkit. Retrieved 2022-01-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Haxe+-+The+Cross-platform+Toolkit&rft.atitle=Lambda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhaxe.org%2Fmanual%2Fstd-Lambda.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions">"Functions - JavaScript | MDN"</a>. developer.mozilla.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=developer.mozilla.org&rft.atitle=Functions+-+JavaScript+%7C+MDN&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FWeb%2FJavaScript%2FReference%2FFunctions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.julialang.org/en/v1/manual/functions/">"Functions · The Julia Language"</a>. docs.julialang.org. Retrieved 2020-11-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=docs.julialang.org&rft.atitle=Functions+%C2%B7+The+Julia+Language&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.julialang.org%2Fen%2Fv1%2Fmanual%2Ffunctions%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kotlinlang.org/docs/reference/lambdas.html">"Higher-Order Functions and Lambdas - Kotlin Programming Language"</a>. Kotlin. Retrieved 2020-11-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kotlin&rft.atitle=Higher-Order+Functions+and+Lambdas+-+Kotlin+Programming+Language&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkotlinlang.org%2Fdocs%2Freference%2Flambdas.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lua.org/pil/6.html">"Programming in Lua : 6"</a>. www.lua.org. Retrieved 2020-11-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.lua.org&rft.atitle=Programming+in+Lua+%3A+6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lua.org%2Fpil%2F6.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.maplesoft.com/applications/view.aspx?sid=1522&view=html">"Maple Programming: 1.6: Anonymous functions and expressions - Application Center"</a>. www.maplesoft.com. Retrieved 2020-11-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.maplesoft.com&rft.atitle=Maple+Programming%3A+1.6%3A+Anonymous+functions+and+expressions+-+Application+Center&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.maplesoft.com%2Fapplications%2Fview.aspx%3Fsid%3D1522%26view%3Dhtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/matlab_prog/anonymous-functions.html">"Anonymous Functions - MATLAB & Simulink"</a>. www.mathworks.com. Retrieved 2022-01-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mathworks.com&rft.atitle=Anonymous+Functions+-+MATLAB+%26+Simulink&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mathworks.com%2Fhelp%2Fmatlab%2Fmatlab_prog%2Fanonymous-functions.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maths.cnam.fr/Membres/wilk/MathMax/help/Maxima/maxima_39.html#:~:text=Maxima%20simplifies%20funmake%20%27s%20return%20value.&text=Defines%20and%20returns%20a%20lambda,of%20the%20function%20is%20expr_n%20.">"Maxima 5.17.1 Manual: 39. Function Definition"</a>. maths.cnam.fr. Retrieved 2020-11-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=maths.cnam.fr&rft.atitle=Maxima+5.17.1+Manual%3A+39.+Function+Definition&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmaths.cnam.fr%2FMembres%2Fwilk%2FMathMax%2Fhelp%2FMaxima%2Fmaxima_39.html%23%3A~%3Atext%3DMaxima%2520simplifies%2520funmake%2520%2527s%2520return%2520value.%26text%3DDefines%2520and%2520returns%2520a%2520lambda%2Cof%2520the%2520function%2520is%2520expr_n%2520.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-34"><a href="#cite_ref-auto1_34-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nim-lang.github.io/Nim/manual.html#procedures-anonymous-procs">"Nim Manual"</a>. nim-lang.github.io.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nim-lang.github.io&rft.atitle=Nim+Manual&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnim-lang.github.io%2FNim%2Fmanual.html%23procedures-anonymous-procs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ocaml.org/learn/taste.html">"Code Examples – OCaml"</a>. ocaml.org. Retrieved 2020-11-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ocaml.org&rft.atitle=Code+Examples+%E2%80%93+OCaml&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Focaml.org%2Flearn%2Ftaste.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://octave.org/doc/v4.0.1/Anonymous-Functions.html">"GNU Octave: Anonymous Functions"</a>. octave.org. Retrieved 2020-11-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=octave.org&rft.atitle=GNU+Octave%3A+Anonymous+Functions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foctave.org%2Fdoc%2Fv4.0.1%2FAnonymous-Functions.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/OpenSCAD_User_Manual/User-Defined_Functions_and_Modules#Function_Literals">"Function Literals"</a>. OpenSCAD User Manual. Wikibooks. Retrieved 22 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OpenSCAD+User+Manual&rft.atitle=Function+Literals&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikibooks.org%2Fwiki%2FOpenSCAD_User_Manual%2FUser-Defined_Functions_and_Modules%23Function_Literals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-38"><a href="#cite_ref-:5_38-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://perldoc.perl.org/perlsub">"perlsub - Perl subroutines - Perldoc Browser"</a>. perldoc.perl.org. Retrieved 2020-11-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=perldoc.perl.org&rft.atitle=perlsub+-+Perl+subroutines+-+Perldoc+Browser&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fperldoc.perl.org%2Fperlsub&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.php.net/manual/en/functions.anonymous.php">"PHP: Anonymous functions - Manual"</a>. www.php.net. Retrieved 2020-11-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.php.net&rft.atitle=PHP%3A+Anonymous+functions+-+Manual&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.php.net%2Fmanual%2Fen%2Ffunctions.anonymous.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-40"><a href="#cite_ref-:6_40-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.python.org/3/reference/expressions.html">"6. Expressions — Python 3.9.0 documentation"</a>. docs.python.org. Retrieved 2020-11-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=docs.python.org&rft.atitle=6.+Expressions+%E2%80%94+Python+3.9.0+documentation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.python.org%2F3%2Freference%2Fexpressions.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.racket-lang.org/guide/lambda.html">"4.4 Functions: lambda"</a>. docs.racket-lang.org. Retrieved 2020-11-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=docs.racket-lang.org&rft.atitle=4.4+Functions%3A+lambda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.racket-lang.org%2Fguide%2Flambda.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.raku.org/language/functions">"Functions"</a>. docs.raku.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=docs.raku.org&rft.atitle=Functions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.raku.org%2Flanguage%2Ffunctions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:10-43"><a href="#cite_ref-:10_43-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSosinski2008" class="citation web cs1">Sosinski, Robert (2008-12-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140531123646/http://www.reactive.io/tips/2008/12/21/understanding-ruby-blocks-procs-and-lambdas/">"Understanding Ruby Blocks, Procs and Lambdas"</a>. Reactive.IO. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reactive.io/tips/2008/12/21/understanding-ruby-blocks-procs-and-lambdas/">the original</a> on 2014-05-31. Retrieved 2014-05-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Understanding+Ruby+Blocks%2C+Procs+and+Lambdas&rft.pub=Reactive.IO&rft.date=2008-12-21&rft.aulast=Sosinski&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reactive.io%2Ftips%2F2008%2F12%2F21%2Funderstanding-ruby-blocks-procs-and-lambdas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch13-01-closures.html">"Closures: Anonymous Functions that Can Capture Their Environment - The Rust Programming Language"</a>. doc.rust-lang.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=doc.rust-lang.org&rft.atitle=Closures%3A+Anonymous+Functions+that+Can+Capture+Their+Environment+-+The+Rust+Programming+Language&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoc.rust-lang.org%2Fbook%2Fch13-01-closures.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.scala-lang.org/overviews/scala-book/anonymous-functions.html">"Anonymous Functions"</a>. Scala Documentation. Retrieved 2022-01-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scala+Documentation&rft.atitle=Anonymous+Functions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.scala-lang.org%2Foverviews%2Fscala-book%2Fanonymous-functions.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cs.cornell.edu/courses/cs312/2008sp/recitations/rec03.html">"Recitation 3: Higher order functions"</a>. www.cs.cornell.edu. Retrieved 2022-01-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cs.cornell.edu&rft.atitle=Recitation+3%3A+Higher+order+functions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.cornell.edu%2Fcourses%2Fcs312%2F2008sp%2Frecitations%2Frec03.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:9-47"><a href="#cite_ref-:9_47-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.swift.org/swift-book/LanguageGuide/Closures.html">"Closures — The Swift Programming Language (Swift 5.5)"</a>. docs.swift.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=docs.swift.org&rft.atitle=Closures+%E2%80%94+The+Swift+Programming+Language+%28Swift+5.5%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.swift.org%2Fswift-book%2FLanguageGuide%2FClosures.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/2/everyday-types.html">"Documentation - Everyday Types"</a>. www.typescriptlang.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.typescriptlang.org&rft.atitle=Documentation+-+Everyday+Types&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.typescriptlang.org%2Fdocs%2Fhandbook%2F2%2Feveryday-types.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://typst.app/docs/reference/foundations/function/#unnamed">"Function Type - Typst Documentation"</a>. typst.app. Retrieved 2024-09-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=typst.app&rft.atitle=Function+Type+-+Typst+Documentation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftypst.app%2Fdocs%2Freference%2Ffoundations%2Ffunction%2F%23unnamed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:7-50">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:7_50-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_50-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/Vala/Tutorial">"Projects/Vala/Tutorial - GNOME Wiki!"</a>. wiki.gnome.org. Retrieved 2020-11-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wiki.gnome.org&rft.atitle=Projects%2FVala%2FTutorial+-+GNOME+Wiki%21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.gnome.org%2FProjects%2FVala%2FTutorial&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKathleenDollard2021" class="citation web cs1">KathleenDollard (15 September 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/visual-basic/programming-guide/language-features/procedures/lambda-expressions">"Lambda Expressions - Visual Basic"</a>. docs.microsoft.com. Retrieved 2022-01-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=docs.microsoft.com&rft.atitle=Lambda+Expressions+-+Visual+Basic&rft.date=2021-09-15&rft.au=KathleenDollard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Fdotnet%2Fvisual-basic%2Fprogramming-guide%2Flanguage-features%2Fprocedures%2Flambda-expressions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.visual-prolog.com/index.php?title=Language_Reference/Terms/Anonymous_Predicates">"Language Reference/Terms/Anonymous Predicates - wiki.visual-prolog.com"</a>. wiki.visual-prolog.com. Retrieved 2022-01-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wiki.visual-prolog.com&rft.atitle=Language+Reference%2FTerms%2FAnonymous+Predicates+-+wiki.visual-prolog.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.visual-prolog.com%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DLanguage_Reference%2FTerms%2FAnonymous_Predicates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:8-53"><a href="#cite_ref-:8_53-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wolfram.com/language/elementary-introduction/2nd-ed/26-pure-anonymous-functions.html.en">"Pure Anonymous Function: Elementary Introduction to the Wolfram Language"</a>. www.wolfram.com. Retrieved 2022-01-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.wolfram.com&rft.atitle=Pure+Anonymous+Function%3A+Elementary+Introduction+to+the+Wolfram+Language&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wolfram.com%2Flanguage%2Felementary-introduction%2F2nd-ed%2F26-pure-anonymous-functions.html.en&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/ziglang/zig/issues/1048">"Lambdas, Closures and everything in between · Issue #1048 · ziglang/zig"</a>. GitHub. Retrieved 2023-08-21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GitHub&rft.atitle=Lambdas%2C+Closures+and+everything+in+between+%C2%B7+Issue+%231048+%C2%B7+ziglang%2Fzig&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fziglang%2Fzig%2Fissues%2F1048&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnonymous+function" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deltics.co.nz/blog/?p=48">Anonymous Methods - When Should They Be Used?</a> (blog about anonymous function in Delphi)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.takipiblog.com/2014/01/16/compiling-lambda-expressions-scala-vs-java-8/">Compiling Lambda Expressions: Scala vs. Java 8</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160308090330/http://webwidetutor.com/php/php-anonymous-functions-?id=12">php anonymous functions</a> php anonymous functions</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dobegin.com/lambda-functions-everywhere/">Lambda functions in various programming languages</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://learngolangonline.com/functions">Functions in Go</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&oldid=1252038929">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&oldid=1252038929</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Data_types" title="Category:Data types">Data types</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Functional_programming" title="Category:Functional programming">Functional programming</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lambda_calculus" title="Category:Lambda calculus">Lambda calculus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Subroutines" title="Category:Subroutines">Subroutines</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_February_2018" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from February 2018">Articles needing additional references from February 2018</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Incomplete_lists_from_August_2008" title="Category:Incomplete lists from August 2008">Incomplete lists from August 2008</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_example_code" title="Category:Articles with example code">Articles with example code</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_example_C_code" title="Category:Articles with example C code">Articles with example C code</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_example_C%2B%2B_code" title="Category:Articles with example C++ code">Articles with example C++ code</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_example_C_Sharp_code" title="Category:Articles with example C Sharp code">Articles with example C Sharp code</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_example_D_code" title="Category:Articles with example D code">Articles with example D code</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_example_Java_code" title="Category:Articles with example Java code">Articles with example Java code</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_example_JavaScript_code" title="Category:Articles with example JavaScript code">Articles with example JavaScript code</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_example_Julia_code" title="Category:Articles with example Julia code">Articles with example Julia code</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_example_Lisp_(programming_language)_code" title="Category:Articles with example Lisp (programming language) code">Articles with example Lisp (programming language) code</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_example_MATLAB/Octave_code" title="Category:Articles with example MATLAB/Octave code">Articles with example MATLAB/Octave code</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_example_PHP_code" title="Category:Articles with example PHP code">Articles with example PHP code</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_example_Python_(programming_language)_code" title="Category:Articles with example Python (programming language) code">Articles with example Python (programming language) code</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_example_R_code" title="Category:Articles with example R code">Articles with example R code</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_example_Ruby_code" title="Category:Articles with example Ruby code">Articles with example Ruby code</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_example_Scala_code" title="Category:Articles with example Scala code">Articles with example Scala code</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_example_Smalltalk_code" title="Category:Articles with example Smalltalk code">Articles with example Smalltalk code</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_example_Tcl_code" title="Category:Articles with example Tcl code">Articles with example Tcl code</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 19 October 2024, at 13:14 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anonymous_function&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-r24xm","wgBackendResponseTime":173,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.662","walltime":"1.623","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3735,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":107143,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":7536,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":25,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":202981,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1456.731 1 -total"," 19.80% 288.366 1 Template:Reflist"," 16.41% 239.074 53 Template:Cite_web"," 5.30% 77.225 1 Template:Short_description"," 3.91% 56.896 1 Template:Sticky_header"," 3.39% 49.400 1 Template:Unreferenced_Section"," 3.04% 44.321 2 Template:Pagetype"," 3.03% 44.188 1 Template:Unreferenced"," 3.02% 44.024 2 Template:Ambox"," 2.54% 37.049 7 Template:Main_other"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.313","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6252469,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-96sb8","timestamp":"20241122142835","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Anonymous function","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anonymous_function","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q567612","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q567612","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2006-09-16T17:03:12Z","dateModified":"2024-10-19T13:14:58Z","headline":"function definition that is not bound to an identifier"}</script> </body> </html>