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class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Cuprins</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Început</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Istoric" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istoric"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Istoric</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Istoric-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Proprietăți" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Proprietăți"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Proprietăți</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Proprietăți-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vezi_și" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vezi_și"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Vezi și</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vezi_și-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referințe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referințe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referințe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referințe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lectură_suplimentară" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lectură_suplimentară"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Lectură suplimentară</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lectură_suplimentară-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Fier forjat</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 37 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B9" title="حديد مطاوع – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حديد مطاوع" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferro_forjat" title="Ferro forjat – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ferro forjat" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sv%C3%A1%C5%99kov%C3%A1_ocel" title="Svářková ocel – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Svářková ocel" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haearn_gyr" title="Haearn gyr – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Haearn gyr" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smedejern" title="Smedejern – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Smedejern" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmiedeeisen" title="Schmiedeeisen – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schmiedeeisen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%86%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AE%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Σφυρήλατος σίδηρος – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σφυρήλατος σίδηρος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrought_iron" title="Wrought iron – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Wrought iron" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%C4%9Dita_fero" title="Forĝita fero – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Forĝita fero" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierro_forjado" title="Hierro forjado – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hierro forjado" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burdina_forjatu" title="Burdina forjatu – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Burdina forjatu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%87%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87" title="آهن کارشده – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آهن کارشده" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kankirauta" title="Kankirauta – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kankirauta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fer_forg%C3%A9" title="Fer forgé – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fer forgé" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iarann_saoirsithe" title="Iarann saoirsithe – irlandeză" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Iarann saoirsithe" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%96%D7%9C_%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C" title="ברזל מחושל – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ברזל מחושל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE" title="पिटवाँ लोहा – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पिटवाँ लोहा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Besi_tempa" title="Besi tempa – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Besi tempa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferro_battuto" title="Ferro battuto – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ferro battuto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8C%AC%E9%89%84" title="錬鉄 – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="錬鉄" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%B0%EC%B2%A0" title="연철 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="연철" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fer_forg%C3%A9" title="Fer forgé – luxemburgheză" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Fer forgé" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smeedijzer" title="Smeedijzer – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Smeedijzer" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smijern" title="Smijern – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Smijern" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%B9_%D8%A2%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%86" title="روٹ آئرن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="روٹ آئرن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferro_forjado" title="Ferro forjado – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ferro forjado" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B0_%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%A9" title="සිද්ධ යකඩ – singhaleză" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සිද්ධ යකඩ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singhaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrought_iron" title="Wrought iron – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wrought iron" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zv%C3%A1rkov%C3%A1_oce%C4%BE" title="Zvárková oceľ – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Zvárková oceľ" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smidesj%C3%A4rn" title="Smidesjärn – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Smidesjärn" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="தேனிரும்பு – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தேனிரும்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B6vme_demir" title="Dövme demir – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Dövme demir" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BE" title="Ковке залізо – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ковке залізо" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%B9_%D8%A2%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%86" title="روٹ آئرن – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="روٹ آئرن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%E1%BA%AFt_r%C3%A8n" title="Sắt rèn – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sắt rèn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%86%9F%E9%90%B5" title="熟鐵 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="熟鐵" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%86%9F%E9%90%B5" title="熟鐵 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="熟鐵" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q860451#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Fier_forjat" title="Vedeți conținutul paginii [a]" accesskey="a"><span>Articol</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discu%C8%9Bie:Fier_forjat" rel="discussion" title="Discuții despre această pagină [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discuție</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">română</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vizualizări"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Fier_forjat"><span>Lectură</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&veaction=edit" title="Modificați această pagină cu EditorulVizual [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificare</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&action=edit" title="Modificați codul sursă al acestei pagini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificare sursă</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&action=history" title="Versiunile anterioare ale paginii și autorii lor. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Unelte" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Unelte</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header 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vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Fier_forjat"><span>Lectură</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&veaction=edit" title="Modificați această pagină cu EditorulVizual [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificare</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&action=edit" title="Modificați codul sursă al acestei pagini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificare sursă</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&action=history"><span>Istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Ce_se_leag%C4%83_aici/Fier_forjat" title="Lista tuturor paginilor wiki care conduc spre această pagină [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Ce trimite aici</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Modific%C4%83ri_corelate/Fier_forjat" rel="nofollow" title="Schimbări recente în legătură cu această pagină [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Schimbări corelate</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Trimite_fi%C8%99ier" title="Încărcare fișiere [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Trimite fișier</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Pagini_speciale" title="Lista tuturor paginilor speciale [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pagini speciale</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&oldid=13093640" title="Legătură permanentă către această versiune a acestei pagini"><span>Legătură permanentă</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&action=info" title="Mai multe informații despre această pagină"><span>Informații despre pagină</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citeaz%C4%83&page=Fier_forjat&id=13093640&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informații cu privire la modul de citare a acestei pagini"><span>Citează acest articol</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fro.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFier_forjat"><span>Obține URL scurtat</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fro.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFier_forjat"><span>Descărcați codul QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tipărire/exportare </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Carte&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Fier+forjat"><span>Creare carte</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Fier_forjat&action=show-download-screen"><span>Descărcare ca PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&printable=yes" title="Versiunea de tipărit a acestei pagini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versiune de tipărit</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> În alte proiecte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Wrought_iron" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q860451" title="Legătură către elementul asociat din depozitul de date [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspect"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspect</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Eiffel_tower_from_below.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Eiffel_tower_from_below.jpg/220px-Eiffel_tower_from_below.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Eiffel_tower_from_below.jpg/330px-Eiffel_tower_from_below.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Eiffel_tower_from_below.jpg/440px-Eiffel_tower_from_below.jpg 2x" data-file-width="756" data-file-height="1008" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Turnul_Eiffel" title="Turnul Eiffel">Turnul Eiffel</a> a fost construit din <a href="/w/index.php?title=O%C8%9Bel_pudlat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oțel pudlat — pagină inexistentă">oțel pudlat</a>, un tip de fier forjat.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Fierul forjat</b> este un <a href="/wiki/Aliaj" title="Aliaj">aliaj</a> <a href="/wiki/Fier" title="Fier">feros</a> cu un conținut extrem de mic de <a href="/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon">carbon</a> (mai puțin de 0,08%). Este un aliaj extrem de rafinat și conține aproximativ 1-3% <a href="/wiki/Zgur%C4%83" title="Zgură">zgură</a> (silicați de fier), având o structură fibroasă. <a href="/wiki/Rugin%C4%83" title="Rugină">Ruginește</a> mult mai încet decât oricare alt tip de fier și în plus poate fi prelucrat și <a href="/wiki/Sudare" title="Sudare">sudat</a> mult mai ușor.<sup id="cite_ref-Dicț_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dicț-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Înainte de dezvoltarea unor metode efective de fabricare ale <a href="/wiki/O%C8%9Bel" title="Oțel">oțelului</a>, fierul forjat era cea mai comună formă de fier maleabil.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istoric">Istoric</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Istoric" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Istoric"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Proprietăți"><span id="Propriet.C4.83.C8.9Bi"></span>Proprietăți</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Proprietăți" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Proprietăți"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vezi_și"><span id="Vezi_.C8.99i"></span>Vezi și</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Vezi și" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Vezi și"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fier" title="Fier">Fier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forjare" title="Forjare">Forjare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Font%C4%83" title="Fontă">Fontă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%C8%9Bel" title="Oțel">Oțel</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referințe"><span id="Referin.C8.9Be"></span>Referințe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Referințe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Referințe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Dicț-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dicț_1-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><i>Dicționar de chimie</i> John Daintith, traducere de Mihaela Rudeanu și Lia Cojocaru; ediția a VI-a, Editura All, 2010, București; pag. 212, <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/9789736847257" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-973-684-725-7</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Tylecote, R. F. (<time datetime="1992">1992</time>). <i>A History of Metallurgy, Second Edition</i>. London: Maney Publishing, for the Institute of Materials. p. 145. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/978-0901462886" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/978-0901462886">978-0901462886</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Metallurgy%2C+Second+Edition&rft.place=London&rft.pages=145&rft.pub=Maney+Publishing%2C+for+the+Institute+of+Materials&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0901462886&rft.aulast=Tylecote&rft.aufirst=R.+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AFier+forjat" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lectură_suplimentară"><span id="Lectur.C4.83_suplimentar.C4.83"></span>Lectură suplimentară</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Lectură suplimentară" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Lectură suplimentară"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r12727094">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{list-style-type:none;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>dl>dd{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Bealer, Alex W. (<time datetime="1995">1995</time>). <i>The Art of Blacksmithing</i>. Edison, NJ: Castle Books. pp. 28–45. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/0-7858-0395-5" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/0-7858-0395-5">0-7858-0395-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Art+of+Blacksmithing&rft.place=Edison%2C+NJ&rft.pages=28-45&rft.pub=Castle+Books&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-7858-0395-5&rft.aulast=Bealer&rft.aufirst=Alex+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AFier+forjat" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Gordon, Robert B (<time datetime="1996">1996</time>). <i>American Iron 1607–1900</i>. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/0-8018-6816-5" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/0-8018-6816-5">0-8018-6816-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Iron+1607%E2%80%931900&rft.place=Baltimore+and+London&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-8018-6816-5&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=Robert+B&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AFier+forjat" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></li></ul> <div class="noprint" style="clear:right;border:solid #aaa 1px;margin:0 0 1em 1em;font-size:90%;background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9f9);color:color:var(--color-base, #000);width:230px;padding:2px;spacing:2px;text-align:center;float:right"><div style="float:left;vertical-align:middle"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Commons"><img alt="Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption>Commons</figcaption></figure></div><div style="margin-left:35px;line-height:normal;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> conține materiale multimedia legate de <span class="plainlinks"><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Wrought_iron?uselang=ro">Fier forjat</a></b></span></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Adus de la <a dir="ltr" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&oldid=13093640">https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fier_forjat&oldid=13093640</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categorii" title="Special:Categorii">Categorii</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Aliaje_feroase" title="Categorie:Aliaje feroase">Aliaje feroase</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Inven%C8%9Bii_chineze" title="Categorie:Invenții chineze">Invenții chineze</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Materiale_de_construc%C8%9Bie" title="Categorie:Materiale de construcție">Materiale de construcție</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Fier" title="Categorie:Fier">Fier</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Prelucrarea_metalelor" title="Categorie:Prelucrarea metalelor">Prelucrarea metalelor</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorie ascunsă: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Pagini_ce_folosesc_leg%C4%83turi_automate_c%C4%83tre_ISBN" title="Categorie:Pagini ce folosesc legături automate către ISBN">Pagini ce folosesc legături automate către ISBN</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ultima editare a paginii a fost efectuată la 28 septembrie 2019, ora 03:32.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Acest text este disponibil sub licența <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ro">Creative Commons cu atribuire și distribuire în condiții identice</a>; pot exista și clauze suplimentare. 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