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id="toc-Literary_career_and_marriage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literary_career_and_marriage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Literary career and marriage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literary_career_and_marriage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_service" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_service"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Military service</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_service-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fame" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fame"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Fame</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fame-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Decline_and_second_marriage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Decline_and_second_marriage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Decline and second marriage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Decline_and_second_marriage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hurricane_Carter_and_Paterson,_New_Jersey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hurricane_Carter_and_Paterson,_New_Jersey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Hurricane Carter and Paterson, New Jersey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hurricane_Carter_and_Paterson,_New_Jersey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Posthumously_published_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Posthumously_published_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Posthumously published works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Posthumously_published_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_views_and_FBI_surveillance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_views_and_FBI_surveillance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Political views and FBI surveillance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_views_and_FBI_surveillance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Algren_and_Chicago_Polonia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Algren_and_Chicago_Polonia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Algren and Chicago Polonia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Algren_and_Chicago_Polonia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hoax_broadcast" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hoax_broadcast"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Hoax broadcast</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hoax_broadcast-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honors_and_awards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honors_and_awards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Honors and awards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honors_and_awards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle In popular culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_literature_and_publications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_literature_and_publications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>In literature and publications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_literature_and_publications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>In music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Onstage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Onstage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Onstage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Onstage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nelson_Algren_Award" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nelson_Algren_Award"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Nelson Algren Award</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nelson_Algren_Award-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Bibliography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Novels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Novels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Novels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Novels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Short-story_collections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Short-story_collections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Short-story collections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Short-story_collections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nonfiction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nonfiction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Nonfiction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nonfiction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Nelson Algren</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Algren" title="Nelson Algren – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Nelson Algren" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86" title="نيلسون ألغرين – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نيلسون ألغرين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86" title="نلسون آلقرن – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="نلسون آلقرن" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8" title="নেলসন অ্যালগ্রেন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নেলসন অ্যালগ্রেন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Algren" title="Nelson Algren – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nelson Algren" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Algren" title="Nelson Algren – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nelson Algren" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Algren" title="Nelson Algren – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nelson Algren" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Algren" title="Nelson Algren – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nelson Algren" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Algren" title="Nelson Algren – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Nelson Algren" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A2%D9%84%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%86" title="نلسون آلگرن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نلسون آلگرن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Algren" title="Nelson Algren – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nelson Algren" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Algren" title="Nelson Algren – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Nelson Algren" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%BD%D5%B8%D5%B6_%D5%95%D5%AC%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Նելսոն Օլգրեն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նելսոն Օլգրեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="नेल्सन आल्ग्रेन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="नेल्सन आल्ग्रेन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Algren" title="Nelson Algren – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nelson Algren" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Algren" title="Nelson Algren – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nelson Algren" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Algren" title="Nelson Algren – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Nelson Algren" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%BA_%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BB" title="നെൽസൺ ആൽഗ്രെൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നെൽസൺ ആൽഗ്രെൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86" title="نيلسون الجرين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نيلسون الجرين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Algren" title="Nelson Algren – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nelson Algren" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8D%E3%83%AB%E3%82%BD%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3" title="ネルソン・オルグレン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ネルソン・オルグレン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Algren" title="Nelson Algren – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nelson Algren" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Algren" title="Nelson Algren – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nelson Algren" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD,_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Олгрен, Нельсон – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Олгрен, Нельсон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Algren" title="Nelson Algren – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nelson Algren" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Algren" title="Nelson Algren – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Nelson Algren" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Algren" title="Nelson Algren – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nelson Algren" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E7%88%BE%E9%81%9C%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97" title="納爾遜·艾格林 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="納爾遜·艾格林" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q547914#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American writer (1909–1981)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div style="display:inline;" class="fn">Nelson Algren</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Nelson_Algren_NYWTS.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Algren in 1956"><img alt="Algren in 1956" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Nelson_Algren_NYWTS.jpg/220px-Nelson_Algren_NYWTS.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Nelson_Algren_NYWTS.jpg/330px-Nelson_Algren_NYWTS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Nelson_Algren_NYWTS.jpg/440px-Nelson_Algren_NYWTS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2353" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:1.4em;">Algren in 1956</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Born</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">Nelson Ahlgren Abraham<br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1909-03-28</span>)</span>March 28, 1909<br /><a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit, Michigan</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Died</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">May 9, 1981<span style="display:none">(1981-05-09)</span> (aged 72)<br /><a href="/wiki/Long_Island" title="Long Island">Long Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role" style="line-height:1.4em;">Writer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Education</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois_at_Urbana%E2%80%93Champaign" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign">University of Illinois, Urbana–Champaign</a> (<a href="/wiki/B._A." class="mw-redirect" title="B. A.">BA</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Novel" title="Novel">Novel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Short_story" title="Short story">short story</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Notable awards</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/National_Book_Award" title="National Book Award">National Book Award</a> <br /> 1950 <br /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Amanda Kontowicz</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1937; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1946)<wbr /></div><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Betty Ann Jones</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1965; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1967)<wbr /></div></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Partner</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Simone_de_Beauvoir" title="Simone de Beauvoir">Simone de Beauvoir</a> (1947–1964)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Nelson Algren</b> (born <b>Nelson Ahlgren Abraham</b>; March 28, 1909 – May 9, 1981) was an American writer. His 1949 novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_with_the_Golden_Arm_(novel)" title="The Man with the Golden Arm (novel)">The Man with the Golden Arm</a></i> won the <a href="/wiki/National_Book_Award" title="National Book Award">National Book Award</a><sup id="cite_ref-nba1950_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nba1950-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was adapted as <a href="/wiki/The_Man_with_the_Golden_Arm" title="The Man with the Golden Arm">the 1955 film of the same name</a>. </p><p>Algren articulated the world of "drunks, pimps, prostitutes, freaks, drug addicts, prize fighters, corrupt politicians, and hoodlums".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <a href="/wiki/Art_Shay" title="Art Shay">Art Shay</a> singled out a poem Algren wrote from the perspective of a "halfy," street slang for a legless man on wheels.<sup id="cite_ref-ShayP118_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShayP118-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shay said that Algren considered this poem to be a key to everything he had ever written.<sup id="cite_ref-ShayP118_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShayP118-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The protagonist talks about "how forty wheels rolled over his legs and how he was ready to strap up and give death a wrestle."<sup id="cite_ref-ShayP118_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShayP118-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Harold_Augenbraum" title="Harold Augenbraum">Harold Augenbraum</a>, "in the late 1940s and early 1950s he was one of the best known literary writers in America."<sup id="cite_ref-Augenbraum_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Augenbraum-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lover of French writer <a href="/wiki/Simone_de_Beauvoir" title="Simone de Beauvoir">Simone de Beauvoir</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Augenbraum_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Augenbraum-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he is featured in her novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Mandarins" title="The Mandarins">The Mandarins</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-Augenbraum_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Augenbraum-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> set in Paris and Chicago. He was called "a sort of bard of the down-and-outer"<sup id="cite_ref-Augenbraum_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Augenbraum-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> based on this book, but also on his short stories in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Neon_Wilderness" title="The Neon Wilderness">The Neon Wilderness</a></i> (1947) and his novel <i><a href="/wiki/A_Walk_on_the_Wild_Side" title="A Walk on the Wild Side">A Walk on the Wild Side</a></i> (1956). The latter was adapted as <a href="/wiki/Walk_on_the_Wild_Side_(film)" title="Walk on the Wild Side (film)">the 1962 film of the same name</a> (directed by <a href="/wiki/Edward_Dmytryk" title="Edward Dmytryk">Edward Dmytryk</a>, screenplay by <a href="/wiki/John_Fante" title="John Fante">John Fante</a>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Algren was born in <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a>, Michigan, the son of Goldie (née Kalisher) and Gerson Abraham.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the age of three, he moved with his parents to <a href="/wiki/Chicago,_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago, Illinois">Chicago, Illinois</a>, where they lived in a working-class, immigrant neighborhood on the <a href="/wiki/South_Side,_Chicago" title="South Side, Chicago">South Side</a>. His father was the son of a <a href="/wiki/Swedes" title="Swedes">Swedish</a> convert to <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a> and of a German Jewish woman, and his mother was of <a href="/wiki/German_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="German Jews">German Jewish</a> descent. (She owned a candy store on the South Side.) When he was young, Algren's family lived at 7139 S. South Park Avenue (now S. Martin Luther King Jr. Drive) in the <a href="/wiki/Greater_Grand_Crossing,_Chicago" title="Greater Grand Crossing, Chicago">Greater Grand Crossing</a> section of the South Side.<sup id="cite_ref-Biblio_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Biblio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When he was eight, his family moved from the far South Side to an apartment at 4834 N. Troy Street, in the <a href="/wiki/North_Side,_Chicago" class="mw-redirect" title="North Side, Chicago">North Side</a> neighborhood of <a href="/wiki/Albany_Park,_Chicago" title="Albany Park, Chicago">Albany Park</a>. His father worked as an auto mechanic nearby on North Kedzie Avenue.<sup id="cite_ref-Biblio_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Biblio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WFMT_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WFMT-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In his essay <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago:_City_on_the_Make" title="Chicago: City on the Make">Chicago: City on the Make</a></i>, Algren added autobiographical details: he recalled being teased by neighborhood children after moving to Troy Street because he was a fan of the South Side <a href="/wiki/Chicago_White_Sox" title="Chicago White Sox">White Sox</a>. Despite living most of his life on the North Side, Algren never changed his affiliation and remained a White Sox fan.<sup id="cite_ref-Reader_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reader-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Algren was educated in Chicago's public schools, graduated from Hibbard High School (now Roosevelt High School) and went on to study at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois_Urbana-Champaign" title="University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign">University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign</a>, graduating with a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">Bachelor of Science</a> in <a href="/wiki/Journalism" title="Journalism">journalism</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression_in_the_United_States" title="Great Depression in the United States">Great Depression</a> in 1931.<sup id="cite_ref-Biblio_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Biblio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his time at the University of Illinois, he wrote for the <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Illini" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily Illini">Daily Illini</a></i> student newspaper.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literary_career_and_marriage">Literary career and marriage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Literary career and marriage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Algren wrote his first story, "So Help Me", in 1933, while he was in Texas working at a gas station. Before returning to Chicago, he was caught stealing a typewriter from an empty classroom at Sul Ross State University in Alpine. He boarded a train for his getaway but was apprehended and returned to Alpine. He was held in jail for nearly five months and faced a possible additional three years in prison. He was released, but the incident made a deep impression on him. It deepened his identification with outsiders, has-beens, and the general failures who later populated his fictional world. </p><p>In 1935 Algren won the first of his three <a href="/wiki/O._Henry_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="O. Henry Awards">O. Henry Awards</a> for his short story, "The Brother's House." The story was first published in <i><a href="/wiki/Story_(magazine)" title="Story (magazine)">Story</a></i> magazine and was reprinted in an anthology of O. Henry Award winners. </p><p>His first novel, <i><a href="/wiki/Somebody_in_Boots" title="Somebody in Boots">Somebody in Boots</a></i> (1935), was later dismissed by Algren as primitive and politically naive, claiming he infused it with <a href="/wiki/Marxist" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxist">Marxist</a> ideas he little understood, because they were fashionable at the time. The book was unsuccessful and went out of print. </p><p>Algren married Amanda Kontowicz in 1937. He had met her at a party celebrating the publication of <i><a href="/wiki/Somebody_in_Boots" title="Somebody in Boots">Somebody in Boots</a></i>. They eventually would divorce and remarry before divorcing a second and final time. </p><p>His second novel, <i>Never Come Morning</i> (1942), was described by <a href="/wiki/Andrew_O%27Hagan" title="Andrew O'Hagan">Andrew O'Hagan</a> in 2019 as "the book that really shows the Algren style in its first great flourishing." It portrays the dead-end life of a doomed young <a href="/wiki/Polish-American" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish-American">Polish-American</a> boxer turned criminal.<sup id="cite_ref-O'Hagan_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-O'Hagan-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway" title="Ernest Hemingway">Ernest Hemingway</a>, in a July 8, 1942, letter to his publisher <a href="/wiki/Maxwell_Perkins" title="Maxwell Perkins">Maxwell Perkins</a>, said of the novel: "I think it very, very good. It is as fine and good stuff to come out of Chicago." The novel offended members of Chicago's large Polish-American community, some of whose members denounced it as pro-<a href="/wiki/Axis_powers" title="Axis powers">Axis</a> propaganda. Not knowing that Algren was of partly Jewish descent, some incensed Polish-American Chicagoans said he was pro-<a href="/wiki/Nazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi">Nazi</a> Nordic. His Polish-American critics persuaded Mayor <a href="/wiki/Edward_Joseph_Kelly" title="Edward Joseph Kelly">Edward Joseph Kelly</a> to ban the novel from the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Public_Library" title="Chicago Public Library">Chicago Public Library</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_service">Military service</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Military service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Algren served as a private in the <a href="/wiki/European_Theater" class="mw-redirect" title="European Theater">European Theater</a> of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> as a litter bearer. Despite being a college graduate, he was denied entry into Officer Candidate School. There is conjecture that it may have been due to suspicion regarding his political beliefs, but his criminal conviction would have most likely excluded him from OCS. </p><p>According to Bettina Drew in her 1989 biography <i>Nelson Algren: A Life on the Wild Side</i>, Algren had no desire to serve in the war but was drafted in 1943. An indifferent soldier, he dealt on the <a href="/wiki/Black_market" title="Black market">black market</a> while he was stationed in France. He received a bad beating by some fellow black marketeers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fame">Fame</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Fame"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Algren_house_Miller.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Algren_house_Miller.jpg/220px-Algren_house_Miller.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Algren_house_Miller.jpg/330px-Algren_house_Miller.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Algren_house_Miller.jpg/440px-Algren_house_Miller.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2288" data-file-height="1712" /></a><figcaption>Dunes cottage where Algren and de Beauvoir summered in <a href="/wiki/Miller_Beach" title="Miller Beach">Miller Beach</a>, Indiana.</figcaption></figure> <p>Algren's first short-story collection, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Neon_Wilderness" title="The Neon Wilderness">The Neon Wilderness</a></i> (1947), collected 24 stories from 1933 to 1947. The same year, Algren received an award from the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Letters" title="American Academy of Arts and Letters">American Academy of Arts and Letters</a> and a grant from Chicago's <a href="/wiki/Newberry_Library" title="Newberry Library">Newberry Library</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was in that same year that Algren had an affair with <a href="/wiki/Simone_de_Beauvoir" title="Simone de Beauvoir">Simone de Beauvoir</a>. Mary Guggenheim, who had been Algren's lover, recommended De Beauvoir visit Algren in Chicago. The couple would summer together in Algren's cottage in the lake front community of <a href="/wiki/Miller_Beach" title="Miller Beach">Miller Beach</a>, Indiana, and also travel to <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a> together in 1949. In her novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Mandarins" title="The Mandarins">The Mandarins</a></i> (1954), Beauvoir wrote of Algren (who is 'Lewis Brogan' in the book): </p> <blockquote><p>At first I found it amusing meeting in the flesh that classic American species: self-made leftist writer. Now, I began taking an interest in Brogan. Through his stories, you got the feeling that he claimed no rights to life and that nevertheless he had always had a passionate desire to live. I liked that mixture of modesty and eagerness.</p></blockquote> <p>Algren and Beauvoir eventually became disenchanted with each other, and a bitter Algren wrote of Beauvoir and Sartre in a <i><a href="/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy">Playboy</a></i> magazine article about a trip he took to <a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">North Africa</a> with Beauvoir, that she and Sartre were bigger users of others than a prostitute and her pimp in their way.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Algren's next novel, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_with_the_Golden_Arm_(novel)" title="The Man with the Golden Arm (novel)">The Man with the Golden Arm</a></i> (1949), would become his best known work. It won the <a href="/wiki/National_Book_Award_for_Fiction" title="National Book Award for Fiction">National Book Award for Fiction</a> in 1950.<sup id="cite_ref-nba1950_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nba1950-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The protagonist of the book, Frankie Machine, is an aspiring drummer who is a dealer in illicit card games. Frankie is trapped in <a href="/wiki/Demimonde" title="Demimonde">demimonde</a> Chicago, having picked up a <a href="/wiki/Morphine" title="Morphine">morphine</a> habit during his brief military service during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. He is married to a woman whom he mistakenly believes became crippled in a car accident he caused. </p><p>Algren's next book, <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago:_City_on_the_Make" title="Chicago: City on the Make">Chicago: City on the Make</a></i> (1951), was a scathing essay that outraged the city's boosters but portrayed the back alleys of the city, its dispossessed, its corrupt politicians and its swindlers. Algren also declared his love of the City as a "lovely so real". </p><p><i>The Man With the Golden Arm</i> was adapted as a <a href="/wiki/The_Man_With_the_Golden_Arm" class="mw-redirect" title="The Man With the Golden Arm">1955 movie</a> of the same name, starring <a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a> and directed and produced by <a href="/wiki/Otto_Preminger" title="Otto Preminger">Otto Preminger</a>. Algren soon withdrew from direct involvement. It was a commercial success but Algren loathed the film.<sup id="cite_ref-O'Hagan_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-O'Hagan-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He sued Preminger seeking an injunction to stop him from claiming ownership of the property as "An Otto Preminger film", but he soon withdrew his suit for financial reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-Fujiwara_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fujiwara-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the fall of 1955, Algren was interviewed for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Paris_Review" title="The Paris Review">The Paris Review</a></i> by rising author <a href="/wiki/Terry_Southern" title="Terry Southern">Terry Southern</a>. Algren and Southern became friends through this meeting and remained in touch for many years. Algren became one of Southern's most enthusiastic early supporters and, when he taught creative writing in later years, he often used Southern as an example of a great short story writer.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Algren had another commercial success with the novel <i><a href="/wiki/A_Walk_on_the_Wild_Side" title="A Walk on the Wild Side">A Walk on the Wild Side</a></i> (1956). He reworked some of the material from his first novel, <i>Somebody in Boots</i>, as well as picking up elements from several published short stories, such as his 1947 "The Face on the Barroom Floor".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The novel was about a wandering Texan adrift during the early years of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression_in_the_United_States" title="Great Depression in the United States">Great Depression</a>. He said it was superior to the earlier book. It was adapted as the <a href="/wiki/Walk_on_the_Wild_Side_(film)" title="Walk on the Wild Side (film)">1962 movie</a> of the same name. Some critics thought the film <a href="/wiki/Bowdlerized" class="mw-redirect" title="Bowdlerized">bowdlerized</a> the book, and it was not commercially successful. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decline_and_second_marriage">Decline and second marriage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Decline and second marriage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>A Walk on the Wild Side</i> was Algren's last commercial success. He turned to teaching creative writing at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Iowa" title="University of Iowa">University of Iowa</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Iowa_Writers%27_Workshop" title="Iowa Writers' Workshop">Writers Workshop</a> to supplement his income. </p><p>In 1965, he met Betty Ann Jones while teaching at the Writers Workshop. They married that year and divorced in 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-bandw_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bandw-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Vonnegut" title="Kurt Vonnegut">Kurt Vonnegut</a>, who taught with him at Iowa in 1965, Algren's "enthusiasm for writing, reading and gambling left little time for the duties of a married man."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Algren played a small part in <a href="/wiki/Philip_Kaufman" title="Philip Kaufman">Philip Kaufman</a>'s underground comedy <i><a href="/wiki/Fearless_Frank" title="Fearless Frank">Fearless Frank</a></i> (1967) as a mobster named Needles. </p><p>In 1968, he signed the <a href="/wiki/Writers_and_Editors_War_Tax_Protest" class="mw-redirect" title="Writers and Editors War Tax Protest">Writers and Editors War Tax Protest</a> pledge, vowing to refuse tax payments in protest against the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Bettina Drew's biography, Algren angled for a journalism job in <a href="/wiki/South_Vietnam" title="South Vietnam">South Vietnam</a>. Strapped for cash more than a decade after his only two commercially successful novels, he saw Vietnam as an opportunity to make money, not from journalism fees but dealing on the black market. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hurricane_Carter_and_Paterson,_New_Jersey"><span id="Hurricane_Carter_and_Paterson.2C_New_Jersey"></span>Hurricane Carter and Paterson, New Jersey</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Hurricane Carter and Paterson, New Jersey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1975, Algren was commissioned to write a magazine article about the trial of <a href="/wiki/Rubin_%22Hurricane%22_Carter" class="mw-redirect" title="Rubin "Hurricane" Carter">Rubin "Hurricane" Carter</a>, the prize fighter who had been found guilty of double murder. While researching the article, Algren visited Carter's hometown of <a href="/wiki/Paterson,_New_Jersey" title="Paterson, New Jersey">Paterson, New Jersey</a>. Algren was instantly fascinated by the city of Paterson and he immediately decided to move there. In the summer of 1975, Algren sold off most of his belongings, left Chicago, and moved into an apartment in Paterson.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death">Death</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1980, Algren moved to a house in <a href="/wiki/Sag_Harbor" class="mw-redirect" title="Sag Harbor">Sag Harbor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Long_Island" title="Long Island">Long Island</a>. He died of a heart attack at home on May 9, 1981. He is buried in Oakland Cemetery, <a href="/wiki/Sag_Harbor" class="mw-redirect" title="Sag Harbor">Sag Harbor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Long_Island" title="Long Island">Long Island</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Posthumously_published_works">Posthumously published works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Posthumously published works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After Algren died, it was discovered that the article about Hurricane Carter had grown into a novel, <i>The Devil's Stocking</i>, which was published posthumously in 1983.<sup id="cite_ref-bandw_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bandw-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 1996, the book <i><a href="/wiki/Nonconformity_(book)" title="Nonconformity (book)">Nonconformity</a></i> was published by <a href="/wiki/Seven_Stories_Press" title="Seven Stories Press">Seven Stories Press</a>, presenting Algren's view of the difficulties surrounding the 1956 film adaptation of <i>The Man With the Golden Arm</i>. <i>Nonconformity</i> also presents the belief system behind Algren's writing and a call to writers everywhere to investigate the dark and represent the ignored. <i>The Neon Wilderness</i> and <i>The Last Carousel</i> were also reprinted by Seven Stories Press and recognized as the <a href="/wiki/Library_Journal" title="Library Journal">Library Journal</a> Editors' Best Reprints of 1997. </p><p>In 2009, Seven Stories then published <i>Entrapment and Other Writings</i>, a major collection of previously unpublished writings that included two early short stories, "Forgive Them, Lord," and "The Lightless Room," and the long unfinished novel fragment referenced in the book's title. In 2019, <a href="/wiki/Blackstone_Audio" title="Blackstone Audio">Blackstone Audio</a> released the complete library of Algren's books as audiobooks. And in 2020 Olive Films released <i>Nelson Algren Live</i>, a performance film of Algren's life and work starring <a href="/wiki/Willem_Dafoe" title="Willem Dafoe">Willem Dafoe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barry_Gifford" title="Barry Gifford">Barry Gifford</a>, among others, produced by the Seven Stories Institute.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_views_and_FBI_surveillance">Political views and FBI surveillance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Political views and FBI surveillance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Algren's friend Stuart McCarrell described him as a "gut radical," who generally sided with the downtrodden but was uninterested in ideological debates and politically inactive for most of his life. McCarrell states that Algren's heroes were the "prairie radicals" <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Dreiser" title="Theodore Dreiser">Theodore Dreiser</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Peter_Altgeld" title="John Peter Altgeld">John Peter Altgeld</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clarence_Darrow" title="Clarence Darrow">Clarence Darrow</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eugene_V._Debs" title="Eugene V. Debs">Eugene V. Debs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-McCarrell_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCarrell-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Algren references all of these men – as well as <a href="/wiki/Bill_Haywood" title="Bill Haywood">Big Bill Haywood</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Haymarket_affair" title="Haymarket affair">Haymarket defendants</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Memorial_Day_massacre_of_1937" class="mw-redirect" title="Memorial Day massacre of 1937">Memorial Day Massacre victims</a> – in <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago:_City_on_the_Make" title="Chicago: City on the Make">Chicago: City on the Make</a></i>. </p><p>Algren told McCarrell that he never joined the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_USA" title="Communist Party USA">Communist Party</a>, despite its appeal to artists and intellectuals during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a>. Among other reasons, he cited negative experiences both he and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wright_(author)" title="Richard Wright (author)">Richard Wright</a> had with party members.<sup id="cite_ref-McCarrell_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCarrell-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, his involvement in groups deemed "subversive" during the <a href="/wiki/McCarthyism" title="McCarthyism">McCarthy</a> years drew the attention of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">Federal Bureau of Investigation</a> (FBI). Among his affiliations, he was a participant in the <a href="/wiki/John_Reed_Club" class="mw-redirect" title="John Reed Club">John Reed Club</a> in the 1930s and later an honorary co-chair of the "Save <a href="/wiki/Julius_and_Ethel_Rosenberg" title="Julius and Ethel Rosenberg">Ethel and Julius Rosenberg</a> Committee" in Chicago.<sup id="cite_ref-Horvath_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Horvath-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Simon_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Simon-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Mitgang" title="Herbert Mitgang">Herbert Mitgang</a>, the FBI suspected Algren's political views and kept a dossier on him amounting to more than 500 pages but identified nothing concretely subversive.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the 1950s, Algren wished to travel to Paris with his romantic companion, <a href="/wiki/Simone_de_Beauvoir" title="Simone de Beauvoir">Simone de Beauvoir</a>, but due to government surveillance his passport applications were denied.<sup id="cite_ref-Simon_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Simon-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When he finally did get a passport in 1960, McCarrell concludes that "it was too late. By then the relationship [with de Beauvoir] had changed subtly but decisively."<sup id="cite_ref-McCarrell_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCarrell-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Algren_and_Chicago_Polonia">Algren and Chicago Polonia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Algren and Chicago Polonia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Algren described <a href="/wiki/Ashland_Avenue" title="Ashland Avenue">Ashland Avenue</a> as figuratively connecting Chicago to <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a> in Poland.<sup id="cite_ref-ShayP118_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShayP118-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His own life involved <a href="/wiki/Poles_in_Chicago" title="Poles in Chicago">the Polish community of Chicago</a> in many ways, including his first wife Amanda Kontowicz. His friend <a href="/wiki/Art_Shay" title="Art Shay">Art Shay</a> wrote about Algren, who while gambling, listened to old Polish love songs sung by an elderly waitress.<sup id="cite_ref-ShayP119_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShayP119-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city's <a href="/wiki/Polish_Downtown_(Chicago)" title="Polish Downtown (Chicago)">Polish Downtown</a>, where he lived for years, played a significant part in his literary output. Polish bars that Algren frequented in his gambling, such as the Bit of Poland on <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Avenue_(Chicago)" title="Milwaukee Avenue (Chicago)">Milwaukee Avenue</a>, figured in such writings as <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Never_Come_Morning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Never Come Morning (page does not exist)">Never Come Morning</a></i> and <i>The Man With the Golden Arm</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-ShayP118_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShayP118-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His novel <i>Never Come Morning</i> was published several years after the <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Poland" title="Invasion of Poland">invasion of Poland</a> by <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, a period when Poles, like Jews, were labeled an inferior race by <a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazi ideology</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Reader_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reader-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chicago's <a href="/wiki/Polish-American" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish-American">Polish-American</a> leaders thought <i>Never Come Morning</i> played on these <a href="/wiki/Anti-polonism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-polonism">anti-Polish stereotypes</a>, and launched a sustained campaign against the book through the Polish press, the <a href="/wiki/Polish_Roman_Catholic_Union_of_America" title="Polish Roman Catholic Union of America">Polish Roman Catholic Union of America</a>, and other Polish-American institutions. Articles appeared in the local Polish newspapers and letters were sent to Mayor <a href="/wiki/Edward_Joseph_Kelly" title="Edward Joseph Kelly">Ed Kelly</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Public_Library" title="Chicago Public Library">Chicago Public Library</a>, and Algren's publisher, <a href="/wiki/Harper_%26_Brothers" class="mw-redirect" title="Harper & Brothers">Harper & Brothers</a>. The general tone of the campaign is suggested by a <i>Zgoda</i> editorial that attacked his character and mental state, saw readers who got free copies as victims of a Nazi-financed plot, and said the novel proved a deep desire to harm ethnic Poles on Algren's part. The <a href="/wiki/Polish_American_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish American Council">Polish American Council</a> sent a copy of a resolution condemning the novel to the FBI. Algren and his publisher defended against these accusations, with the author telling a library meeting that the book was about the effects of poverty, regardless of national background. The mayor had the novel removed from the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Public_Library" title="Chicago Public Library">Chicago Public Library</a> system, and it apparently remained absent for at least 20 years.<sup id="cite_ref-Reader_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reader-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At least two later efforts to commemorate Algren in Polish Downtown echoed the attacks on the novels. </p><p>Shortly after his death in 1981, his last Chicago residence at 1958 West Evergreen Street was noted by Chicago journalist <a href="/wiki/Mike_Royko" title="Mike Royko">Mike Royko</a>. The walk-up apartment just east of Damen Avenue in the former Polish Downtown neighborhood of <a href="/wiki/West_Town,_Chicago" title="West Town, Chicago">West Town</a> was in an area that had been dominated by Polish immigrants and was once one of Chicago's toughest and most crowded neighborhoods. The renaming of Evergreen Street to Algren Street caused controversy and was almost immediately reversed.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1998, Algren enthusiasts instigated the renaming after Algren of the <a href="/wiki/Polonia_Triangle" title="Polonia Triangle">Polish Triangle</a> in what had been the center of the Polish Downtown. Replacing the plaza's traditional name, the director of the <a href="/wiki/Polish_Museum_of_America" title="Polish Museum of America">Polish Museum of America</a> predicted, would obliterate the history of Chicago ethnic Poles and insult ethnic Polish institutions and local businesses. In the end a compromise was reached where the Triangle kept its older name and a newly installed fountain was named after Algren and inscribed with a quotation about the city's working people protecting its essence, from Algren's essay "<a href="/wiki/Chicago:_City_on_the_Make" title="Chicago: City on the Make">Chicago: City on the Make</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Reader_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reader-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hoax_broadcast">Hoax broadcast</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Hoax broadcast"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A passage featured in Algren's book <i>The Devil's Stocking</i> (1983) was broadcast on TV some six years earlier during the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Television_broadcast_interruption" title="Southern Television broadcast interruption">Southern Television hoax</a> in the UK which generated international publicity when students<sup id="cite_ref-Vrillon_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vrillon-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> interrupted the regular broadcast through the Hannington transmitter of the <a href="/wiki/Independent_Broadcasting_Authority" title="Independent Broadcasting Authority">Independent Broadcasting Authority</a> for six minutes on November 26, 1977.<sup id="cite_ref-Collegian_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Collegian-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Issue No. 24 of <i><a href="/wiki/Fortean_Times" title="Fortean Times">Fortean Times</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Winter 1977) transcribed the hoaxer's message as: </p> <blockquote><p>This is the voice of Asteron. I am an authorized representative of the Intergalactic Mission and I have a message for the planet Earth. We are beginning to enter the period of Aquarius and there are many corrections which have to be made by Earth people. All your weapons of evil must be destroyed. You have only a short time to live to learn to live together in peace. You must live in peace or leave the galaxy.</p></blockquote> <p><i>The Devil's Stocking</i> is Algren's fictionalized account of the trial of Rubin "Hurricane" Carter, a real-life prize-fighter who had been found guilty of double murder, about whom Algren had written a magazine article for <i><a href="/wiki/Esquire_(magazine)" title="Esquire (magazine)">Esquire</a></i> in 1975. In the book, as a period of unrest within the prison begins, the character 'Kenyatta' gives a speech closely mirroring the <i>Fortean Times</i> transcript of the 1977 hoax, and those of other American newspaper reports of the broadcast. The passage in Algren's book says: </p> <blockquote><p>I am an authorized representative of the Intergalactic Mission," Kenyatta finally disclosed his credentials. "I have a message for the Planet Earth. We are beginning to enter the period of Aquarius. Many corrections have to be made by Earth people. All your weapons of evil must be destroyed. You have only a short time to learn to live together in peace. You must live in peace" – here he paused to gain everybody's attention – "you must live in peace or leave the galaxy!"<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honors_and_awards">Honors and awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Honors and awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Polonia_Triangle_fountain.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Polonia_Triangle_fountain.jpg/220px-Polonia_Triangle_fountain.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Polonia_Triangle_fountain.jpg/330px-Polonia_Triangle_fountain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Polonia_Triangle_fountain.jpg/440px-Polonia_Triangle_fountain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>The Nelson Algren Memorial fountain in Chicago</figcaption></figure> <p>Algren won his first <a href="/wiki/O._Henry_Award" title="O. Henry Award">O. Henry Award</a> for his short story "The Brother's House" (published in <i><a href="/wiki/Story_(magazine)" title="Story (magazine)">Story Magazine</a></i>) in 1935. His short stories "A Bottle of Milk for Mother (Biceps)" (published in the <i><a href="/wiki/Southern_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Review">Southern Review</a></i>) and "The Captain is Impaled" (<i><a href="/wiki/Harper%27s_Magazine" title="Harper's Magazine">Harper's Magazine</a></i>) were O. Henry Award winners in 1941 and 1950, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> None of the stories won the first, second or third place awards but were included in the annual collection of O. Henry Award stories. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_with_the_Golden_Arm_(novel)" title="The Man with the Golden Arm (novel)">The Man with the Golden Arm</a></i> won the <a href="/wiki/National_Book_Award_for_Fiction" title="National Book Award for Fiction">National Book Award for Fiction</a> in 1950.<sup id="cite_ref-nba1950_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nba1950-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1947 Algren won an Arts and Letters Award from the National Institute of Arts and Letters, the forerunner to the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Letters" title="American Academy of Arts and Letters">American Academy of Arts and Letters</a>. In 1974 the Institute awarded him the Award of Merit Medal for the novel. And three months before he died in 1981, Algren was elected to the Academy of Arts and Letters. </p><p>Algren was also honored in 1998 with the Nelson Algren Fountain<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> located in Chicago's <a href="/wiki/Polish_Triangle" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish Triangle">Polish Triangle</a>, in what had been the heart of <a href="/wiki/Polish_Downtown" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish Downtown">Polish Downtown</a>, the area that figured as the inspiration for much of his work. Appropriately enough, <a href="/wiki/Division_Street_(Chicago)" title="Division Street (Chicago)">Division Street</a>, Algren's favorite street as well as the onetime <i>Polish Broadway</i>, runs right past it.<sup id="cite_ref-ShayP118_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShayP118-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, Algren was posthumously inducted into the Chicago Literary Hall of Fame.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_literature_and_publications">In literature and publications</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: In literature and publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In his 1967 novella, <i><a href="/wiki/Trout_Fishing_in_America" title="Trout Fishing in America">Trout Fishing in America</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Brautigan" title="Richard Brautigan">Richard Brautigan</a> writes about crating up and mailing a crippled wino (Trout Fishing in America Shorty) to Nelson Algren.</li> <li>In 2011, literary publication <i><a href="/wiki/3:AM_Magazine" title="3:AM Magazine">3:AM Magazine</a></i> named Algren a cult hero.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_music">In music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: In music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Cohen" title="Leonard Cohen">Leonard Cohen</a> used images from <i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_with_the_Golden_Arm_(novel)" title="The Man with the Golden Arm (novel)">The Man with the Golden Arm</a></i> in "The Stranger Song", from his first album, <i><a href="/wiki/Songs_of_Leonard_Cohen" title="Songs of Leonard Cohen">Songs of Leonard Cohen</a></i> (1967): "you've seen that man before: his golden arm dispatching cards, but now it's rusted from the elbows to the finger."</li> <li>In the documentary <i>Classic Albums: Lou Reed: Transformer</i>, musician <a href="/wiki/Lou_Reed" title="Lou Reed">Lou Reed</a> says that Algren's 1956 novel, <i><a href="/wiki/A_Walk_on_the_Wild_Side" title="A Walk on the Wild Side">A Walk on the Wild Side</a></i>, was the launching point for his <a href="/wiki/Walk_on_the_Wild_Side_(Lou_Reed_song)" title="Walk on the Wild Side (Lou Reed song)">similarly-titled 1972 song</a>.</li> <li>According to the liner notes of The Tubes' second album, <i><a href="/wiki/Young_and_Rich" title="Young and Rich">Young and Rich</a></i> (1976), <i>A Walk on the Wild Side</i> is the inspiration for their song "Pimp".</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Verve" title="The Verve">The Verve</a> has a song called "<a href="/wiki/Neon_Wilderness" class="mw-redirect" title="Neon Wilderness">Neon Wilderness</a>" on their 1997 album <i><a href="/wiki/Urban_Hymns" title="Urban Hymns">Urban Hymns</a></i>.</li> <li>The Minnesota-based punk-rock band <a href="/wiki/Dillinger_Four" title="Dillinger Four">Dillinger Four</a> quote Algren as an inspiration in the song "Doublewhiskeycokenoice" from their 1998 album <i><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_Songs_of_the_Americas" title="Midwestern Songs of the Americas">Midwestern Songs of the Americas</a></i>. In that song Patrick Costello sings "Nelson Algren came to me and said, 'Celebrate the ugly things' / The beat-up side of what they call pride could be the measure of these days."</li> <li>The 2002 album <i>Adult World</i> by guitarist <a href="/wiki/Wayne_Kramer" title="Wayne Kramer">Wayne Kramer</a> (founding member of the Detroit band <a href="/wiki/MC5" title="MC5">MC5</a>) contains a song titled "Nelson Algren Stopped By," in which guest band X-Mars-X provides a shuffling jazz background while Kramer reads a prose poem about walking the streets of present-day Chicago with Algren.</li> <li>In 2005, <a href="/wiki/The_Hold_Steady" title="The Hold Steady">The Hold Steady</a> mentioned Algren in the song "Chicago Seemed Tired Last Night" from the <i><a href="/wiki/Separation_Sunday" title="Separation Sunday">Separation Sunday</a></i> album. The first line of the song is "Nelson Algren came to Paddy at some party at the Dead End Alley/He told him what to celebrate" and toward the end the song goes "Hey Nelson Algren. Chicago seemed tired last night/They had cigarettes where there were supposed to be eyes." The name 'Paddy' in the song is a reference to Patrick Costello and the 'Dead End Alley' is the name of the house where the <a href="/wiki/Dillinger_Four" title="Dillinger Four">Dillinger Four</a>'s members used to live.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Devil_Wears_Prada_(band)" title="The Devil Wears Prada (band)">The Devil Wears Prada</a> on their 2019 album<i> <a href="/wiki/The_Act_(album)" title="The Act (album)">The Act</a></i> has the song "Please Say No" which is based on the novel <i>Never Come Morning</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Onstage">Onstage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Onstage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In 1988, <i>A Walk on the Wild Side</i> was staged as a musical at the Back Alley Theatre in Van Nuys, California. <a href="/wiki/Will_Holt" title="Will Holt">Will Holt</a>, who wrote the book, music, and lyrics, went on to win the Los Angeles Dramalogue Critics Award for his work.</li> <li>In 2000, <a href="/wiki/John_Susman" title="John Susman">John Susman</a>'s play <i>Nelson & Simone</i> was produced at Chicago's <a href="/wiki/Live_Bait_Theatre" title="Live Bait Theatre">Live Bait Theatre</a>, directed by Richard Cotovsky,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and starring Gary Houston and Rebecca Covey. The play dramatizes the love affair between Algren and <a href="/wiki/Simone_de_Beauvoir" title="Simone de Beauvoir">Simone de Beauvoir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nelson_Algren_Award">Nelson Algren Award</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Nelson Algren Award"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Nelson_Algren" title="Special:EditPage/Nelson Algren">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Each year the <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i> gives a Nelson Algren award for short fiction. Winners are published in the newspaper and given $5,000. The award is viewed with more than a little irony by Algren admirers; the <i>Tribune</i> panned Algren's work in his lifetime, referring to <i>Chicago: City on the Make</i> as "an ugly, highly scented object."<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an afterword to that book, Algren accused the <i>Tribun</i>e of imposing false viewpoints on the city and promoting mediocrity. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Studs_Terkel" title="Studs Terkel">Studs Terkel</a>, writer Warren Leming, and three others founded the Nelson Algren Committee in 1989. At the time, there was a renewed interest in Algren's work. <i>Somebody in Boots</i> and <i>Never Come Morning</i>, both long out of print, had been republished in 1987. The first biography of Algren, Bettina Drew's <i>Nelson Algren: A Life on the Wild Side</i>, was published in 1989 by Putnam. All of Nelson Algren's words are now back in print. </p><p>The Committee awards community activists an annual Algren award and sponsors an Algren birthday party. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Novels">Novels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Novels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Somebody_in_Boots" title="Somebody in Boots">Somebody in Boots</a></i>. 1935; as <i>The Jungle</i>, Avon, 1957.</li> <li><i>Never Come Morning</i>. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1942; Four Walls Eight Windows, 1987; Seven Stories, 1996.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_with_the_Golden_Arm_(novel)" title="The Man with the Golden Arm (novel)">The Man with the Golden Arm</a></i>. Doubleday, 1949; Seven Stories, 1996.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Walk_on_the_Wild_Side" title="A Walk on the Wild Side">A Walk on the Wild Side</a></i>. 1956.</li> <li><i>The Devil's Stocking</i>. New York: Arbor House, 1983; Seven Stories, 2006.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Short-story_collections">Short-story collections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Short-story collections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Neon_Wilderness" title="The Neon Wilderness">The Neon Wilderness</a></i>. New York: Doubleday, 1947; Four Walls Eight Windows, 1986.</li> <li><i>Nelson Algren's Own Book of Lonesome Monsters: 13 Masterpieces of Black Humor</i>. Algren-edited anthology with one Algren story. 1962.</li> <li><i>The Last Carousel</i>. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons 1973; Seven Stories Press, 1997.</li> <li><i>He Swung and He Missed</i>. Short story for younger readers. 1993.</li> <li><i>The Texas Stories of Nelson Algren</i>. 1994.</li> <li><i>Entrapment and Other Writings</i>. Posthumous collection of fragments of the unfinished titular novel, uncollected stories, and poems. New York: Seven Stories, 2009.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nonfiction">Nonfiction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Nonfiction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galena_Guide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galena Guide (page does not exist)">Galena Guide</a></i>. The City of Galena, Illinois. 1937.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chicago:_City_on_the_Make" title="Chicago: City on the Make">Chicago: City on the Make</a></i>. Prose Poem. 1951.</li> <li><i>Who Lost an American?</i>. Travel book. 1963; in <i>Notes From a Sea Diary & Who Lost an American</i>, Seven Stories, 2009.</li> <li><i>Conversations with Nelson Algren</i>. Interviews by H. E. F. Donohue. 1964.</li> <li><i>Notes from a Sea Diary: Hemingway All the Way</i>. Travel book. 1965; in <i>Notes From a Sea Diary & Who Lost an American</i>, Seven Stories, 2009.</li> <li><i>America Eats</i>. Travel book. 1992 (written 1930s).</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nonconformity_(book)" title="Nonconformity (book)">Nonconformity: Writing on Writing</a></i>. Essay. 1996 (written 1951–1953).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFProf._Brooke_Horvath,_PhD2005" class="citation book cs1">Prof. Brooke Horvath, PhD (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rK9iQPD5Q0YC&q=algren+kontowicz+divorce%29&pg=PA175"><i>Understanding Nelson Algren</i></a>. Univ. of South Carolina Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781570035746" title="Special:BookSources/9781570035746"><bdi>9781570035746</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Understanding+Nelson+Algren&rft.pub=Univ.+of+South+Carolina+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9781570035746&rft.au=Prof.+Brooke+Horvath%2C+PhD&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrK9iQPD5Q0YC%26q%3Dalgren%2Bkontowicz%2Bdivorce%2529%26pg%3DPA175&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nba1950-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nba1950_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nba1950_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nba1950_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1950">"National Book Awards – 1950"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Book_Foundation" title="National Book Foundation">National Book Foundation</a>. Retrieved March 31, 2012. <br />(With essays by Rachel Kushne and Harold Augenbraum from the Awards 60-year anniversary blog.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ShayP118-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ShayP118_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ShayP118_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ShayP118_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ShayP118_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ShayP118_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ShayP118_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Shay, Art. <i>Nelson Algren's Chicago</i>, University of Illinois Press 1988, p. 118</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Augenbraum-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Augenbraum_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Augenbraum_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Augenbraum_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Augenbraum_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nbafictionblog.org/nba-winning-books-blog/1950.html">"1950"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Harold_Augenbraum" title="Harold Augenbraum">Harold Augenbraum</a> and Rachel Kushner. <i>60 Years of Honoring Great American Books</i> (book-a-day blog), June 18, 2009. National Book Foundation. Retrieved February 6, 2018.<br />Augenbraum was the executive director of the National Book Foundation, marking the 60-year anniversary of the <a href="/wiki/National_Book_Award_for_Fiction" title="National Book Award for Fiction">National Book Award for Fiction</a>, as resumed after the war. Algren won the first one.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBettina_Drew1989" class="citation book cs1">Bettina Drew (1989). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/nelsonalgrenlife00drew_1"><i>Nelson Algren: A Life on the Wild Side</i></a></span>. Putnam. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780399134227" title="Special:BookSources/9780399134227"><bdi>9780399134227</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 22,</span> 2012</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>. <q>goldie kalisher algren.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nelson+Algren%3A+A+Life+on+the+Wild+Side&rft.pub=Putnam&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=9780399134227&rft.au=Bettina+Drew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnelsonalgrenlife00drew_1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Biblio-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Biblio_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Biblio_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Biblio_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110806223942/http://www.biblio.com/nelson-algren~121554~author">"Nelson algren biography and notes"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Biblio.com" title="Biblio.com">Biblio.com</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biblio.com/nelson-algren~121554~author">the original</a> on August 6, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 15,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nelson+algren+biography+and+notes&rft.pub=Biblio.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biblio.com%2Fnelson-algren~121554~author&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WFMT-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WFMT_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLouise_Frank2009" class="citation web cs1">Louise Frank (March 28, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.wfmt.com/offmic/2009/03/28/happy-100th-birthday-nelson-algren/">"Happy 100th Birthday Nelson Algren"</a>. <a href="/wiki/WFMT" title="WFMT">WFMT</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 15,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Happy+100th+Birthday+Nelson+Algren&rft.pub=WFMT&rft.date=2009-03-28&rft.au=Louise+Frank&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.wfmt.com%2Foffmic%2F2009%2F03%2F28%2Fhappy-100th-birthday-nelson-algren%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reader-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Reader_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reader_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reader_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reader_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJeff_Huebner1998" class="citation journal cs1">Jeff Huebner (November 19, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/full-nelson/Content?oid=897786">"Full Nelson"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Reader" title="Chicago Reader">Chicago Reader</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 15,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Reader&rft.atitle=Full+Nelson&rft.date=1998-11-19&rft.au=Jeff+Huebner&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagoreader.com%2Fchicago%2Ffull-nelson%2FContent%3Foid%3D897786&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Illio</i>. Champaign, Illinois: University of Illinois. 1931. p. 46.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Illio&rft.place=Champaign%2C+Illinois&rft.pages=46&rft.pub=University+of+Illinois&rft.date=1931&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-O'Hagan-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-O'Hagan_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-O'Hagan_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Hagan2019" class="citation news cs1">O'Hagan, Andrew (November 7, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2019/11/07/nelson-algren-singing-back-streets/">"Singing the Back Streets"</a>. <i>The New York Review of Books</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 21,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=Singing+the+Back+Streets&rft.date=2019-11-07&rft.aulast=O%27Hagan&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nybooks.com%2Farticles%2F2019%2F11%2F07%2Fnelson-algren-singing-back-streets%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bEBaAAAAMAAJ"><i>The Neon Wilderness</i></a>: "Algren received a 1947 Award from the American Academy of Arts and Letters and a grant from Chicago's Newberry Library."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor2015" class="citation book cs1">Taylor, Brian F. (2015). <i>Gnomonic Verses</i>. Universal Octopus. p. 123. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780957190122" title="Special:BookSources/9780957190122"><bdi>9780957190122</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gnomonic+Verses&rft.pages=123&rft.pub=Universal+Octopus&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9780957190122&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Brian+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fujiwara-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fujiwara_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFujiwara2008" class="citation book cs1">Fujiwara, Chris (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=z-2-CQAAQBAJ&pg=PA194"><i>The World and Its Double: The Life and Work of Otto Preminger</i></a>. New York City: Faber & Faber. p. 194. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781466894235" title="Special:BookSources/9781466894235"><bdi>9781466894235</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+and+Its+Double%3A+The+Life+and+Work+of+Otto+Preminger&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pages=194&rft.pub=Faber+%26+Faber&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9781466894235&rft.aulast=Fujiwara&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dz-2-CQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA194&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hill, Lee - <i>A Grand Guy: The Life and Art of Terry Southern</i> (Bloomsbury, 2001), pp.63-64</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bandw-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bandw_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bandw_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLiukkonen" class="citation web cs1">Liukkonen, Petri. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061205023601/http://kirjasto.sci.fi/nalgren.htm">"Nelson Algren"</a>. <i>Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi)</i>. Finland: <a href="/wiki/Kuusankoski" title="Kuusankoski">Kuusankoski</a> Public Library. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/nalgren.htm">the original</a> on December 5, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Books+and+Writers+%28kirjasto.sci.fi%29&rft.atitle=Nelson+Algren&rft.aulast=Liukkonen&rft.aufirst=Petri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kirjasto.sci.fi%2Fnalgren.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVonnegut2004" class="citation news cs1">Vonnegut, Kurt (December 31, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2005/jan/01/classics.kurtvonnegut">"Funny side of the street"</a>. <i>Guardian.co.uk</i>. London: Manchester Guardian<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Guardian.co.uk&rft.atitle=Funny+side+of+the+street&rft.date=2004-12-31&rft.aulast=Vonnegut&rft.aufirst=Kurt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2005%2Fjan%2F01%2Fclassics.kurtvonnegut&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Writers and Editors War Tax Protest" January 30, 1968 <i>New York Post</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpringer" class="citation web cs1">Springer, Mike. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.openculture.com/2011/06/nelson_algren_the_exiled_king.html">"Nelson Algren, the Exiled King"</a>. Open Culture<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nelson+Algren%2C+the+Exiled+King&rft.pub=Open+Culture&rft.aulast=Springer&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.openculture.com%2F2011%2F06%2Fnelson_algren_the_exiled_king.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14000 Famous Persons by Scott Wilson</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sevenstories.com/books/3081-entrapment-and-other-writings">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Entrapment and Other Writings"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Seven Stories Press</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Seven+Stories+Press&rft.atitle=%22Entrapment+and+Other+Writings%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sevenstories.com%2Fbooks%2F3081-entrapment-and-other-writings&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McCarrell-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McCarrell_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCarrell_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCarrell_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Stuart McCarrell, "Nelson Algren's Politics," in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlgren1999" class="citation book cs1">Algren, Nelson (November 9, 1999). Savage, Jr., William J.; Simon, Daniel (eds.). <i>The Man with the Golden Arm: 50th Anniversary Critical Edition</i>. <a href="/wiki/Seven_Stories_Press" title="Seven Stories Press">Seven Stories Press</a>. pp. 377–379.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Man+with+the+Golden+Arm%3A+50th+Anniversary+Critical+Edition&rft.pages=377-379&rft.pub=Seven+Stories+Press&rft.date=1999-11-09&rft.aulast=Algren&rft.aufirst=Nelson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Horvath-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Horvath_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHorvath2005" class="citation book cs1">Horvath, Brooke (March 1, 2005). <i>Understanding Nelson Algren</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Carolina_Press" title="University of South Carolina Press">University of South Carolina Press</a>. pp. 5, 15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Understanding+Nelson+Algren&rft.pages=5%2C+15&rft.pub=University+of+South+Carolina+Press&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.aulast=Horvath&rft.aufirst=Brooke&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Simon-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Simon_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Simon_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Daniel Simon, "Algren's Question," in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlgren1999" class="citation book cs1">Algren, Nelson (November 9, 1999). Savage, Jr., William J.; Simon, Daniel (eds.). <i>The Man with the Golden Arm: 50th Anniversary Critical Edition</i>. <a href="/wiki/Seven_Stories_Press" title="Seven Stories Press">Seven Stories Press</a>. pp. 411–415.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Man+with+the+Golden+Arm%3A+50th+Anniversary+Critical+Edition&rft.pages=411-415&rft.pub=Seven+Stories+Press&rft.date=1999-11-09&rft.aulast=Algren&rft.aufirst=Nelson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mitgang, Herbert, <i>Dangerous Dossiers: Exposing the Secret War Against America's Greatest Authors</i>, NY: Donald I. Fine, Inc. 1988</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ShayP119-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ShayP119_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Shay, p. 119</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lévy, Bernard-Henri. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200505/levy">In the Footsteps of Tocqueville</a>, <i>The Atlantic Monthly</i>, May 2005</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vrillon-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Vrillon_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaulu1981" class="citation book cs1">Paulu, Burton (October 1981). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/televisionradioi0000paul"><i>Television and radio in the United Kingdom</i></a></span>. University of Minnesota Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/televisionradioi0000paul/page/179">179</a>–180. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8166-0941-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8166-0941-3"><bdi>978-0-8166-0941-3</bdi></a>. <q>Vrillon.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Television+and+radio+in+the+United+Kingdom&rft.pages=179-180&rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota+Press&rft.date=1981-10&rft.isbn=978-0-8166-0941-3&rft.aulast=Paulu&rft.aufirst=Burton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftelevisionradioi0000paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Collegian-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Collegian_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120321133647/http://digitalnewspapers.libraries.psu.edu/Default/Skins/BasicArch/Client.asp?Skin=BasicArch&&AppName=2&enter=true&BaseHref=DCG%2F1977%2F12%2F02&EntityId=Ar01803">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Galactic' hoax startles viewers"</a>. <i>The Daily Collegian</i>. December 2, 1977. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitalnewspapers.libraries.psu.edu/Default/Skins/BasicArch/Client.asp?Skin=BasicArch&&AppName=2&enter=true&BaseHref=DCG/1977/12/02&EntityId=Ar01803">the original</a> on March 21, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 13,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Collegian&rft.atitle=%27Galactic%27+hoax+startles+viewers&rft.date=1977-12-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigitalnewspapers.libraries.psu.edu%2FDefault%2FSkins%2FBasicArch%2FClient.asp%3FSkin%3DBasicArch%26%26AppName%3D2%26enter%3Dtrue%26BaseHref%3DDCG%2F1977%2F12%2F02%26EntityId%3DAr01803&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=06m7AAAACAAJ&q=diary+of+a+mad+planet"><i>Diary of a Mad Planet: Fortean Times Issues 16-25</i></a>. John Brown Publishing Ltd. 1995. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-870021-25-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-870021-25-8"><bdi>1-870021-25-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Diary+of+a+Mad+Planet%3A+Fortean+Times+Issues+16-25&rft.pub=John+Brown+Publishing+Ltd&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=1-870021-25-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D06m7AAAACAAJ%26q%3Ddiary%2Bof%2Ba%2Bmad%2Bplanet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlgren1983" class="citation book cs1">Algren, Nelson (September 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ejFaAAAAMAAJ&q=%22your+weapons+of+evil%22"><i>The Devil's Stocking</i></a>. Arbor House Publishing Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87795-548-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87795-548-1"><bdi>978-0-87795-548-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Devil%27s+Stocking&rft.pub=Arbor+House+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1983-09&rft.isbn=978-0-87795-548-1&rft.aulast=Algren&rft.aufirst=Nelson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DejFaAAAAMAAJ%26q%3D%2522your%2Bweapons%2Bof%2Bevil%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.randomhouse.com/boldtype/ohenry/0999/winnerslist.html">"O. Henry Award Winners 1919-1999"</a>. Random House<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=O.+Henry+Award+Winners+1919-1999&rft.pub=Random+House&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.randomhouse.com%2Fboldtype%2Fohenry%2F0999%2Fwinnerslist.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pbcchicago.com/projects/nelson-algren-fountain/">"Nelson Algren Fountain - PBC Chicago"</a>. PBCChicago.com. July 18, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 13,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nelson+Algren+Fountain+-+PBC+Chicago&rft.pub=PBCChicago.com&rft.date=2007-07-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbcchicago.com%2Fprojects%2Fnelson-algren-fountain%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chicagoliteraryhof.org/inductees/profile/nelson-algren">"Nelson Algren"</a>. <i>Chicago Literary Hall of Fame</i>. 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 8,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Literary+Hall+of+Fame&rft.atitle=Nelson+Algren&rft.date=2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchicagoliteraryhof.org%2Finductees%2Fprofile%2Fnelson-algren&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Connor2011" class="citation web cs1">O'Connor, Robert (May 15, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.3ammagazine.com/3am/3am-cult-hero-nelson-algren/">"3:AM Cult Hero: Nelson Algren"</a>. <i>3:AM Magazine</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=3%3AAM+Magazine&rft.atitle=3%3AAM+Cult+Hero%3A+Nelson+Algren&rft.date=2011-05-15&rft.aulast=O%27Connor&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.3ammagazine.com%2F3am%2F3am-cult-hero-nelson-algren%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://metalinjection.net/av/new-music/the-devil-wears-prada-slows-down-on-new-song-please-say-no">"THE DEVIL WEARS PRADA Slows Down on New Song "Please Say No"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. September 14, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=THE+DEVIL+WEARS+PRADA+Slows+Down+on+New+Song+%22Please+Say+No%22&rft.date=2019-09-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmetalinjection.net%2Fav%2Fnew-music%2Fthe-devil-wears-prada-slows-down-on-new-song-please-say-no&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.livebaittheater.org/LIve_Bait_Theater/Productions.html">"Live Bait Theater production history"</a>. Livebaittheater.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 22,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Live+Bait+Theater+production+history&rft.pub=Livebaittheater.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.livebaittheater.org%2FLIve_Bait_Theater%2FProductions.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmes1935" class="citation news cs1">Ames, Alfred C. (June 4, 1935). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/111824098/review-of-nelson-algrens-chicago/">"Algren Pens a Distorted, Partial Story of Chicago"</a>. <i>Chicago Tribune</i>. p. 4:3<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2022</span> – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Algren+Pens+a+Distorted%2C+Partial+Story+of+Chicago&rft.pages=4%3A3&rft.date=1935-06-04&rft.aulast=Ames&rft.aufirst=Alfred+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F111824098%2Freview-of-nelson-algrens-chicago%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndersonSouther1955" class="citation journal cs1">Anderson, Alston; <a href="/wiki/Terry_Southern" title="Terry Southern">Souther, Terry</a> (Winter 1955). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/4987/the-art-of-fiction-no-11-nelson-algren">"Nelson Algren, The Art of Fiction No. 11"</a>. <i>The Paris Review</i>. <b>11</b>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Paris+Review&rft.atitle=Nelson+Algren%2C+The+Art+of+Fiction+No.+11&rft.ssn=winter&rft.volume=11&rft.date=1955&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Alston&rft.au=Souther%2C+Terry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theparisreview.org%2Finterviews%2F4987%2Fthe-art-of-fiction-no-11-nelson-algren&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAsher2019" class="citation book cs1">Asher, Colin (2019). <i>Never a Lovely So Real: The Life and Work of Nelson Algren</i> (Hardcover). New York: W. W. Norton & Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0393244519" title="Special:BookSources/978-0393244519"><bdi>978-0393244519</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Never+a+Lovely+So+Real%3A+The+Life+and+Work+of+Nelson+Algren&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton+%26+Co&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-0393244519&rft.aulast=Asher&rft.aufirst=Colin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeLillo2009" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Don_DeLillo" title="Don DeLillo">DeLillo, Don</a> (Autumn 2009). "Remembrance". <i><a href="/wiki/Granta" title="Granta">Granta</a></i> (108): 68–69.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Granta&rft.atitle=Remembrance&rft.ssn=fall&rft.issue=108&rft.pages=68-69&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=DeLillo&rft.aufirst=Don&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlanagan2006" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Flanagan" title="Richard Flanagan">Flanagan, Richard</a> (January 29, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/3649694/Prophet-of-the-neon-wilderness.html">"Prophet of the neon wilderness"</a>. <i>The Daily Telegraph</i>. London.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Prophet+of+the+neon+wilderness&rft.date=2006-01-29&rft.aulast=Flanagan&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fculture%2Fbooks%2F3649694%2FProphet-of-the-neon-wilderness.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMenand2005" class="citation magazine cs1">Menand, Louis (September 26, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2005/09/26/050926crbo_books?currentPage=all">"Stand By Your Man: The strange liaison of Sartre and Beauvoir (Book review of new edition of <i>The Second Sex</i> by Simone de Beauvoir)"</a>. <i>The New Yorker</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 9,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=Stand+By+Your+Man%3A+The+strange+liaison+of+Sartre+and+Beauvoir+%28Book+review+of+new+edition+of+The+Second+Sex+by+Simone+de+Beauvoir%29&rft.date=2005-09-26&rft.aulast=Menand&rft.aufirst=Louis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Farchive%2F2005%2F09%2F26%2F050926crbo_books%3FcurrentPage%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUdovitch1988" class="citation news cs1">Udovitch, Mim (December 6, 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/books/98/12/06/reviews/981206.06udovitt.html?_r=2">"Hot and Epistolary: 'Letters to Nelson Algren', by Simone de Beauvoir"</a>. <i>New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 9,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Hot+and+Epistolary%3A+%27Letters+to+Nelson+Algren%27%2C+by+Simone+de+Beauvoir&rft.date=1988-12-06&rft.aulast=Udovitch&rft.aufirst=Mim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fbooks%2F98%2F12%2F06%2Freviews%2F981206.06udovitt.html%3F_r%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWisniewski2017" class="citation book cs1">Wisniewski, Mary (2017). <i>Algren: A Life</i> (Hardcover). Chicago: Chicago Review Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61373-532-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61373-532-9"><bdi>978-1-61373-532-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Algren%3A+A+Life&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=Chicago+Review+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-61373-532-9&rft.aulast=Wisniewski&rft.aufirst=Mary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANelson+Algren" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Algren&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media 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data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Nelson_Algren" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Nelson Algren">Nelson Algren</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://library.osu.edu/finding-aids/rarebooks/cms60.php/">The Nelson Algren Papers</a> The Ohio State University's Rare Books & Manuscripts Library</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nelsonalgren.org/">NelsonAlgren.org</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nelsonalgrentheroadisall.com/">Nelson Algren: The End Is Nothing, The Road Is All documentary film</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.algrenthemovie.com/">Algren: The Movie</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070405142554/http://dept.kent.edu/english/graduate/gfac/horvath.htm">Writers Influenced By Algren</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716043838/http://home.sevenstories.com/index.php/multimedia/nelson-algren-live-clips-barry-gifford-don-delillo-willem-dafoe/">Clips of Barry Gifford and Willem Dafoe reading from Algren's work</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.newberry.org/repositories/2/resources/4">Nelson Algren Papers</a> at <a href="/wiki/The_Newberry_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="The Newberry Library">The Newberry Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.newberry.org/repositories/2/resources/1235">Nelson Algren-Christine and Neal Rowland Papers</a> at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newberry.org">The Newberry Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Book_Award_for_Fiction" title="Template talk:National Book Award for Fiction"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Book_Award_for_Fiction" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Book Award for Fiction"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_Book_Award_for_Fiction" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_Book_Award_for_Fiction" title="National Book Award for Fiction">National Book Award for Fiction</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1950–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_with_the_Golden_Arm_(novel)" title="The Man with the Golden Arm (novel)">The Man with the Golden Arm</a></i> by <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nelson Algren</a> (1950)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Collected_Stories_of_William_Faulkner" title="Collected Stories of William Faulkner">Collected Stories of William Faulkner</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/William_Faulkner" title="William Faulkner">William Faulkner</a> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/From_Here_to_Eternity_(novel)" title="From Here to Eternity (novel)">From Here to Eternity</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/James_Jones_(author)" title="James Jones (author)">James Jones</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Invisible_Man" title="Invisible Man">Invisible Man</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Ellison" title="Ralph Ellison">Ralph Ellison</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Augie_March" title="The Adventures of Augie March">The Adventures of Augie March</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Saul_Bellow" title="Saul Bellow">Saul Bellow</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/A_Fable" title="A Fable">A Fable</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/William_Faulkner" title="William Faulkner">William Faulkner</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Ten_North_Frederick" title="Ten North Frederick">Ten North Frederick</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/John_O%27Hara" title="John O'Hara">John O'Hara</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Field_of_Vision" title="The Field of Vision">The Field of Vision</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Wright_Morris" title="Wright Morris">Wright Morris</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Wapshot_Chronicle" title="The Wapshot Chronicle">The Wapshot Chronicle</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/John_Cheever" title="John Cheever">John Cheever</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Magic_Barrel" title="The Magic Barrel">The Magic Barrel</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Malamud" title="Bernard Malamud">Bernard Malamud</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Goodbye,_Columbus" title="Goodbye, Columbus">Goodbye, Columbus</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Philip_Roth" title="Philip Roth">Philip Roth</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Waters_of_Kronos" title="The Waters of Kronos">The Waters of Kronos</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Conrad_Richter" title="Conrad Richter">Conrad Richter</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Moviegoer" title="The Moviegoer">The Moviegoer</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Walker_Percy" title="Walker Percy">Walker Percy</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Morte_d%27Urban" title="Morte d'Urban">Morte d'Urban</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/J._F._Powers" title="J. F. Powers">J. F. Powers</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Centaur" title="The Centaur">The Centaur</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/John_Updike" title="John Updike">John Updike</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Herzog_(novel)" title="Herzog (novel)">Herzog</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Saul_Bellow" title="Saul Bellow">Saul Bellow</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Collected_Stories_of_Katherine_Anne_Porter" title="The Collected Stories of Katherine Anne Porter">The Collected Stories of Katherine Anne Porter</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Katherine_Anne_Porter" title="Katherine Anne Porter">Katherine Anne Porter</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fixer_(novel)" title="The Fixer (novel)">The Fixer</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Malamud" title="Bernard Malamud">Bernard Malamud</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Eighth_Day_(Wilder_novel)" title="The Eighth Day (Wilder novel)">The Eighth Day</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Thornton_Wilder" title="Thornton Wilder">Thornton Wilder</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Steps_(book)" title="Steps (book)">Steps</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Kosi%C5%84ski" title="Jerzy Kosiński">Jerzy Kosiński</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Them_(novel)" title="Them (novel)">them</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates" title="Joyce Carol Oates">Joyce Carol Oates</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Mr._Sammler%27s_Planet" title="Mr. Sammler's Planet">Mr. Sammler's Planet</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Saul_Bellow" title="Saul Bellow">Saul Bellow</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Complete_Stories_(O%27Connor)" title="The Complete Stories (O'Connor)">The Complete Stories</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Flannery_O%27Connor" title="Flannery O'Connor">Flannery O'Connor</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Chimera_(Barth_novel)" title="Chimera (Barth novel)">Chimera</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/John_Barth" title="John Barth">John Barth</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Augustus_(Williams_novel)" title="Augustus (Williams novel)">Augustus</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/John_Edward_Williams" title="John Edward Williams">John Williams</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Gravity%27s_Rainbow" title="Gravity's Rainbow">Gravity's Rainbow</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pynchon" title="Thomas Pynchon">Thomas Pynchon</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/A_Crown_of_Feathers_and_Other_Stories" title="A Crown of Feathers and Other Stories">A Crown of Feathers and Other Stories</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Bashevis_Singer" title="Isaac Bashevis Singer">Isaac Bashevis Singer</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Dog_Soldiers_(novel)" title="Dog Soldiers (novel)">Dog Soldiers</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Stone_(novelist)" title="Robert Stone (novelist)">Robert Stone</a> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hair_of_Harold_Roux" title="The Hair of Harold Roux">The Hair of Harold Roux</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Williams_(writer)" title="Thomas Williams (writer)">Thomas Williams</a> (1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/J_R" title="J R">J R</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/William_Gaddis" title="William Gaddis">William Gaddis</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Spectator_Bird" title="The Spectator Bird">The Spectator Bird</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Wallace_Stegner" title="Wallace Stegner">Wallace Stegner</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Blood_Tie_(Settle_novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Blood Tie (Settle novel)">Blood Tie</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Mary_Lee_Settle" title="Mary Lee Settle">Mary Lee Settle</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Going_After_Cacciato" title="Going After Cacciato">Going After Cacciato</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Tim_O%27Brien_(author)" title="Tim O'Brien (author)">Tim O'Brien</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Sophie%27s_Choice_(novel)" title="Sophie's Choice (novel)">Sophie's Choice</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/William_Styron" title="William Styron">William Styron</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_World_According_to_Garp" title="The World According to Garp">The World According to Garp</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/John_Irving" title="John Irving">John Irving</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i>Plains Song: For Female Voices</i> by <a href="/wiki/Wright_Morris" title="Wright Morris">Wright Morris</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Stories_of_John_Cheever" title="The Stories of John Cheever">The Stories of John Cheever</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/John_Cheever" title="John Cheever">John Cheever</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Rabbit_Is_Rich" title="Rabbit Is Rich">Rabbit Is Rich</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/John_Updike" title="John Updike">John Updike</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/So_Long,_See_You_Tomorrow_(novel)" title="So Long, See You Tomorrow (novel)">So Long, See You Tomorrow</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/William_Keepers_Maxwell,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="William Keepers Maxwell, Jr.">William Maxwell</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Color_Purple" title="The Color Purple">The Color Purple</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Alice_Walker" title="Alice Walker">Alice Walker</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Collected_Stories_of_Eudora_Welty" title="The Collected Stories of Eudora Welty">The Collected Stories of Eudora Welty</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Eudora_Welty" title="Eudora Welty">Eudora Welty</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i>Victory Over Japan</i> by <a href="/wiki/Ellen_Gilchrist" title="Ellen Gilchrist">Ellen Gilchrist</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/White_Noise_(novel)" title="White Noise (novel)">White Noise</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Don_DeLillo" title="Don DeLillo">Don DeLillo</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/World%27s_Fair_(novel)" title="World's Fair (novel)">World's Fair</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/E._L._Doctorow" title="E. L. Doctorow">E. L. Doctorow</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Paco%27s_Story" title="Paco's Story">Paco's Story</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Larry_Heinemann" title="Larry Heinemann">Larry Heinemann</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Paris_Trout_(novel)" title="Paris Trout (novel)">Paris Trout</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Pete_Dexter" title="Pete Dexter">Pete Dexter</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Spartina_(novel)" title="Spartina (novel)">Spartina</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/John_Casey_(novelist)" title="John Casey (novelist)">John Casey</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Middle_Passage_(novel)" title="Middle Passage (novel)">Middle Passage</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Charles_R._Johnson" title="Charles R. Johnson">Charles Johnson</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Mating_(novel)" title="Mating (novel)">Mating</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Norman_Rush" title="Norman Rush">Norman Rush</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/All_the_Pretty_Horses_(novel)" title="All the Pretty Horses (novel)">All the Pretty Horses</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Cormac_McCarthy" title="Cormac McCarthy">Cormac McCarthy</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shipping_News" title="The Shipping News">The Shipping News</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Annie_Proulx" title="Annie Proulx">E. Annie Proulx</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/A_Frolic_of_His_Own" title="A Frolic of His Own">A Frolic of His Own</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/William_Gaddis" title="William Gaddis">William Gaddis</a> (1994) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Sabbath%27s_Theater" title="Sabbath's Theater">Sabbath's Theater</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Philip_Roth" title="Philip Roth">Philip Roth</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i>Ship Fever and Other Stories</i> by <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Barrett" title="Andrea Barrett">Andrea Barrett</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Cold_Mountain_(novel)" title="Cold Mountain (novel)">Cold Mountain</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Frazier" title="Charles Frazier">Charles Frazier</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Charming_Billy" title="Charming Billy">Charming Billy</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Alice_McDermott" title="Alice McDermott">Alice McDermott</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Waiting_(novel)" title="Waiting (novel)">Waiting</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Ha_Jin" title="Ha Jin">Ha Jin</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/In_America_(novel)" title="In America (novel)">In America</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Susan_Sontag" title="Susan Sontag">Susan Sontag</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Corrections" title="The Corrections">The Corrections</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Franzen" title="Jonathan Franzen">Jonathan Franzen</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Junes" title="Three Junes">Three Junes</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Julia_Glass" title="Julia Glass">Julia Glass</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Fire_(Hazzard_novel)" title="The Great Fire (Hazzard novel)">The Great Fire</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Shirley_Hazzard" title="Shirley Hazzard">Shirley Hazzard</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_News_from_Paraguay" title="The News from Paraguay">The News from Paraguay</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Lily_Tuck" title="Lily Tuck">Lily Tuck</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Europe_Central" title="Europe Central">Europe Central</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/William_T._Vollmann" title="William T. Vollmann">William T. Vollmann</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Echo_Maker" title="The Echo Maker">The Echo Maker</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Powers" title="Richard Powers">Richard Powers</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Tree_of_Smoke" title="Tree of Smoke">Tree of Smoke</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Denis_Johnson" title="Denis Johnson">Denis Johnson</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Country" title="Shadow Country">Shadow Country</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Peter_Matthiessen" title="Peter Matthiessen">Peter Matthiessen</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Let_the_Great_World_Spin" title="Let the Great World Spin">Let the Great World Spin</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Colum_McCann" title="Colum McCann">Colum McCann</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Lord_of_Misrule_(novel)" title="Lord of Misrule (novel)">Lord of Misrule</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Jaimy_Gordon" title="Jaimy Gordon">Jaimy Gordon</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Salvage_the_Bones" title="Salvage the Bones">Salvage the Bones</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Jesmyn_Ward" title="Jesmyn Ward">Jesmyn Ward</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Round_House_(novel)" title="The Round House (novel)">The Round House</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Louise_Erdrich" title="Louise Erdrich">Louise Erdrich</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Good_Lord_Bird" title="The Good Lord Bird">The Good Lord Bird</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/James_McBride_(writer)" title="James McBride (writer)">James McBride</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Redeployment_(short_story_collection)" title="Redeployment (short story collection)">Redeployment</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Phil_Klay" title="Phil Klay">Phil Klay</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Fortune_Smiles" title="Fortune Smiles">Fortune Smiles</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Adam_Johnson_(writer)" title="Adam Johnson (writer)">Adam Johnson</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Underground_Railroad_(novel)" title="The Underground Railroad (novel)"> The Underground Railroad</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Colson_Whitehead" title="Colson Whitehead">Colson Whitehead</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Sing,_Unburied,_Sing" title="Sing, Unburied, Sing">Sing, Unburied, Sing</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Jesmyn_Ward" title="Jesmyn Ward">Jesmyn Ward</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Friend_(novel)" title="The Friend (novel)">The Friend</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Sigrid_Nunez" title="Sigrid Nunez">Sigrid Nunez</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Trust_Exercise" title="Trust Exercise">Trust Exercise</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Susan_Choi" title="Susan Choi">Susan Choi</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Interior_Chinatown" title="Interior Chinatown">Interior Chinatown</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Yu" title="Charles Yu">Charles Yu</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hell_of_a_Book" title="Hell of a Book">Hell of a Book</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Jason_Mott" title="Jason Mott">Jason Mott</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rabbit_Hutch" title="The Rabbit Hutch">The Rabbit Hutch</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Tess_Gunty" title="Tess Gunty">Tess Gunty</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Blackouts_(novel)" title="Blackouts (novel)">Blackouts</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Justin_Torres" title="Justin Torres">Justin Torres</a> (2023)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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href="https://isni.org/isni/000000012279062X">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/44294455">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/11236/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJrKPRvbvJt9H9J4XxVgrq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118644726">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50033341">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11888425q">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11888425q">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00431232">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36027754">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ola2002113830&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1033969">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/60971">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p067669719">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90139660">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000099063&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=79609">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/dbqsvgvx2bvhpdz">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810690411005606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007592435205171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058509339106706">Catalonia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14238738">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01657667?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1192186">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118644726.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118644726">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026681765">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6kp81vn">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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