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Molekulaarüksus – Vikipeedia

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href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entitat_molecular" title="Entitat molecular – katalaani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Entitat molecular" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_entity" title="Molecular entity – inglise" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Molecular entity" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entidad_molecular" title="Entidad molecular – hispaania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Entidad molecular" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="هستار مولکولی – pärsia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هستار مولکولی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="pärsia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entit%C3%A0_molecolare" title="Entità molecolare – itaalia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Entità molecolare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itaalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moleculaire_entiteit" title="Moleculaire entiteit – hollandi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Moleculaire entiteit" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E5%AE%9F%E4%BD%93" title="分子実体 – jaapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="分子実体" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="jaapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indywiduum_chemiczne" title="Indywiduum chemiczne – poola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Indywiduum chemiczne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4" title="Молекулярний індивід – ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Молекулярний індивід" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2393187#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Muuda keelelinke" class="wbc-editpage">Muuda linke</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nimeruumid"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Molekulaar%C3%BCksus" title="Vaata sisulehekülge [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arutelu:Molekulaar%C3%BCksus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Arutelu selle lehekülje sisu kohta (pole veel kirjutatud) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Arutelu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Muuda keelevarianti" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">eesti</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="et" dir="ltr"><p><b>Molekulaarüksus</b> (ingl <i>molecular entity</i>) on koondmõiste, mis hõlmab muu hulgas <a href="/wiki/Aatom" title="Aatom">aatomit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Molekul" title="Molekul">molekuli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ioon" title="Ioon">iooni</a> ning <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konformeer&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Konformeer (pole veel kirjutatud)">konformeeri</a>. Molekulaarüksuseks loetakse näiteks üksikut <a href="/wiki/Benseen" title="Benseen">benseeni</a> molekuli, <a href="/wiki/Aspiriin" title="Aspiriin">aspiriini</a> ning <a href="/wiki/Heelium" title="Heelium">heeliumiaatomit</a>. Seevastu ei kuulu mõiste alla suured ainekogumid, nagu üks mool <a href="/wiki/Metaan" title="Metaan">metaani</a> või <a href="/wiki/Veetilk" class="mw-redirect" title="Veetilk">veetilk</a>. Molekulaarüksust kirjeldatakse parasjagu nii täpsesti, kui kontekst nõuab. Vahel piisab molekulile <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {H2}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {H2}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ee7e7591b2638f6cb36846024e6d017e48c4c973" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:2.797ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {H2}}}"></span> nimetusest divesinik, kuid teinekord on tarvis eristada <a href="/wiki/Spinn" title="Spinn">spinniisomeere</a>: orto- ja paradivesinikku.<sup id="cite_ref-&#91;1&#93;_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-[1]-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viited">Viited</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molekulaar%C3%BCksus&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Viited&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molekulaar%C3%BCksus&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Viited&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-&#91;1&#93;-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-[1]_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6066747">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFMuller1994" class="citation journal cs1">Muller, P. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/pac.1994.66.issue-5/pac199466051077/pac199466051077.xml">"Glossary of terms used in physical organic chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1994)"</a>. <i>Pure and Applied Chemistry</i>. <b>66</b> (5): 1077–1184. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1351%2Fpac199466051077">10.1351/pac199466051077</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rahvusvaheline_jadav%C3%A4ljaande_standardnumber" title="Rahvusvaheline jadaväljaande standardnumber">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0033-4545">0033-4545</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Vaadatud 7.01.2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Pure+and+Applied+Chemistry&amp;rft.atitle=Glossary+of+terms+used+in+physical+organic+chemistry+%28IUPAC+Recommendations+1994%29&amp;rft.volume=66&amp;rft.issue=5&amp;rft.pages=1077-1184&amp;rft.date=1994&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1351%2Fpac199466051077&amp;rft.issn=0033-4545&amp;rft.aulast=Muller&amp;rft.aufirst=P.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.degruyter.com%2Fview%2Fj%2Fpac.1994.66.issue-5%2Fpac199466051077%2Fpac199466051077.xml&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3AMolekulaar%C3%BCksus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.codfw.main‐849f99967d‐x8dt8 Cached time: 20241125003631 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.087 seconds Real time usage: 0.153 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 120/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2551/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 6/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3587/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.058/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2118140/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 102.399 1 -total 100.00% 102.399 1 Mall:Reflist 94.94% 97.221 1 Mall:Cite_journal --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key etwiki:pcache:492756:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241125003631 and revision id 5290917. 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