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testosterone</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: prenatal testosterone"> <meta name="keywords" content="prenatal testosterone"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="prenatal testosterone"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 160</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: prenatal testosterone</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">160</span> Controlling the Growth and Development of Mosquito (Aedes aegypti) Using Testosterone</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brian%20F.%20Estidola">Brian F. Estidola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alfredo%20A.%20Alcantara"> Alfredo A. Alcantara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Catherine%20del%20Cruz"> Catherine del Cruz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Genelita%20S.%20Garcia"> Genelita S. Garcia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed to investigate the effects of testosterone in the development and growth of Aedes aegypti as a main vector of dengue virus. There were three concentrations of testosterone: (0µM), (10µM), and (15µM) arranged randomly in two blocks. Each concentration houses 10 mosquitoes and monitored their development. The results showed that there were no significant differences on the effects of testosterone in emergence of larvae, mortality of eggs and larvae. However, it was shown that adults emerged from 15µM had a lower sex ratio than 10µM leading to the conclusion that there could be an optimal concentration of testosterone close to 10µM that could led to a high possibility of sex reversal of adult mosquitoes from female to male. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mosquito" title="mosquito">mosquito</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sex%20reversal" title=" sex reversal"> sex reversal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testosterone" title=" testosterone"> testosterone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecdysterone" title=" ecdysterone"> ecdysterone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14233/controlling-the-growth-and-development-of-mosquito-aedes-aegypti-using-testosterone" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14233.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">567</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">159</span> PRENACEL: Development and Evaluation of an M-Health Strategy to Improve Prenatal Care in Brazil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20M.%20Vieira">E. M. Vieira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20S.%20Vieira"> C. S. Vieira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20P.%20Bonif%C3%A1cio"> L. P. Bonifácio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20M.%20de%20Oliveira%20Ciabati"> L. M. de Oliveira Ciabati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20C.%20A.%20Franzon"> A. C. A. Franzon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20S.%20Zaratini"> F. S. Zaratini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20A.%20C.%20Sanchez"> J. A. C. Sanchez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Andrade"> M. S. Andrade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20P.%20Dias%20de%20Souza"> J. P. Dias de Souza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The quality of prenatal care is key to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality. Communication between the health service and users can stimulate prevention and care. M-health has been an important and low cost strategy to health education. The PRENACEL programme (prenatal in the cell phone) was developed. It consists of a programme of information via SMS from the 20<sup>th</sup> week of pregnancy up to 12<sup>th</sup> week after delivery. Messages were about prenatal care, birth, contraception and breastfeeding. Communication of the pregnant woman asking questions about their health was possible. The objective of this study was to evaluate the implementation of PRENACEL as a useful complement to the standard prenatal care. Twenty health clinics were selected and randomized by cluster, 10 as the intervention group and 10 as the control group. In the intervention group, women and their partner were invited to participate. The control group received the standard prenatal care. All women were interviewed in the immediate post-partum and in the 12<sup>th</sup> and 24<sup>th</sup> week post-partum. Most women were married, had more than 8 years of schooling and visit the clinic more than 6 times during prenatal care. The intervention group presented lowest percentage of higher economic participants (5.6%), less single mothers and no drug user. It also presented more prenatal care visits than the control group and it was less likely to present Severe Acute Maternal Mortality when compared to control group as well as higher percentage of partners (75.4%) was present at the birth compared to control group. Although the study is still being carried out, preliminary data are showing positive results of the compliance of women to prenatal care. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cellphone" title="cellphone">cellphone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20technology" title=" health technology"> health technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20care" title=" prenatal care"> prenatal care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prevention" title=" prevention"> prevention</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52087/prenacel-development-and-evaluation-of-an-m-health-strategy-to-improve-prenatal-care-in-brazil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52087.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">158</span> Effect of a Single Injection of hCG on Testosterone Concentration in Male Alpacas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20ElZawam">A. ElZawam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20McLean"> D. McLean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Tibary"> A. Tibary</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In alpaca, age at puberty is variable and the factors regulating the pattern of puberty and sexual maturation are a subject of controversy. Plasma testosterone level is often used as an indicator of sexual maturity. Our hypothesis is that hCG treatment will cause an increase in testosterone level that is correlated with animal age. The specific aim was to investigate the testicular tissue response to a single hCG injection by monitoring the serum testosterone concentration. Eighty four (n=84) males ranging in age from 6 to 60 months were used. Alpacas were grouped based on their ages into 15 groups. Each group had three to five male animals. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein before treatment with hCG and 2 hours after intravenous administration of 3000 IU of hCG (Chorulon®). The serum was harvested and stored at -20ºC until the analysis. The effect of age on basal testosterone level and response to hCG treatment was evaluated by Analysis of Variance. As a result, basal serum testosterone concentrations were very low (<0.1ng/ml) until 9 months of age. Although basal serum testosterone concentrations increased steadily with age there was a significant variation amongst males within the same age group. Administration of 3000 IU of hCG, resulted in an average increase of 50% (P<0.05) in serum testosterone concentration after 2 hours. The percentage increase in serum testosterone in response to hCG stimulation varied from 51 to 81%. There was no correlation between the degree of response and age. However, the response to hCG injection presented two modes of increase depending on the age of animals. The first mode occurred at ages 9 to 14 months and the second mode was observed between 22 and 36 months. In conclusion, our results suggest that testicular growth and sensitivity to LH stimulation may be bimodal in the male alpaca with a rapid increase in growth and sensitivity between 9 and 14 months of age and a second phase of increased responsiveness after 21 months of ages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alpaca" title="alpaca">alpaca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testosterone" title=" testosterone"> testosterone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hCG" title=" hCG"> hCG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20science" title=" animal science"> animal science</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19284/effect-of-a-single-injection-of-hcg-on-testosterone-concentration-in-male-alpacas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19284.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">570</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">157</span> The Ratio of Second to Fourth Digit Length Correlates with Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Male College Students Men but Not in Female</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheng-Chen%20Hsu">Cheng-Chen Hsu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The ratio of the length of the second finger (index finger, 2D) to the fourth finger (ring finger, 4D) (2D:4D) is a putative marker of prenatal hormones. A low 2D:4D ratio is related to high prenatal testosterone (PT) levels. Physiological research has suggested that a low 2D:4D ratio is correlated with high sports ability. Aim: To examine the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and 2D:4D. Methods: Assessment of 2D:4D; Images of hands were collected from participants using a computer scanner. Hands were placed lightly on the surface of the plate. Image analysis was performed using Image-Pro Plus 5.0 software. Feature points were marked at the tip of the finger and at the center of the proximal crease on the second and fourth digits. Actual measurement was carried out automatically, 2D:4D was calculated by dividing 2nd by 4th digit length. YMCA 3-min Step Test; The test involves stepping up and down at a rate of 24 steps/min for 3 min; a tape recording of the correct cadence (96 beats/min) is played to assist the participant in keeping the correct pace. Following the step test, the participant immediately sits down and, within 5 s, the tester starts counting the pulse for 1 min. The score for the test, the total 1-min postexercise heart rate, reflects the heart’s ability to recover quickly. Statistical Analysis ; Pearson’s correlation (r) was used for assessing the relationship between age, physical measurements, one-minute heart rate after YMCA 3-minute step test (HR) and 2D:4D. An independent-sample t-test was used for determining possible differences in HR between subjects with low and high values of 2D:4D. All statistical analyses were carried out with SPSS 18 for Window. All P-values were two-tailed at P = 0.05, if not reported otherwise. Results: A median split by 2D:4D was applied, resulting in a high and a low group. One-minute heart rate after YMCA 3-minute step test was significantly difference between groups of male right-hand 2D:4D (p = 0.024). However, no difference in left-hand 2D:4D values between groups in male, and no digit ratio difference between groups in female. Conclusion: The results showed that cardiopulmonary fitness is related to right 2D:4D, only in men. We argue that prenatal testosterone may have an effect on cardiorespiratory fitness in male but not in female. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=college%20students" title="college students">college students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digit%20ratio" title=" digit ratio"> digit ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finger" title=" finger"> finger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=step%20test" title=" step test"> step test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fitness" title=" fitness"> fitness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38489/the-ratio-of-second-to-fourth-digit-length-correlates-with-cardiorespiratory-fitness-in-male-college-students-men-but-not-in-female" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38489.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">156</span> Barriers to Access among Indigenous Women Seeking Prenatal Care: A Literature Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zarish%20Jawad">Zarish Jawad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikita%20Chugh"> Nikita Chugh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karina%20Dadar"> Karina Dadar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: This paper aims to identify barriers indigenous women face in accessing prenatal care in Canada. It explores the differences in prenatal care received between indigenous and non-indigenous women. The objective is to look at changes or programs in Canada's healthcare system to reduce barriers to accessing safe prenatal care for indigenous women. Methods: A literature search of 12 papers was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Medline, OVID, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The studies included were written in English only, including indigenous females between the age of 19-35, and review articles were excluded. Participants in the studies examined did not have any severe underlying medical conditions for the duration of the study, and study designs included in the review are prospective cohort, cross-sectional, case report, and case-control studies. Results: Among all the barriers Indigenous women face in accessing prenatal care, the three most significant barriers Indigenous women face include a lack of culturally safe prenatal care, lack of services in the Indigenous community, proximity of prenatal facilities to Indigenous communities and costs of transportation. Discussion: The study found three significant barriers indigenous women face in accessing prenatal care in Canada; the geographical distribution of healthcare facilities, distrust between patients and healthcare professionals, and cultural sensitivity. Some of the suggested solutions include building more birthing and prenatal care facilities in rural areas for indigenous women, educating healthcare professionals on culturally sensitive healthcare, and involving indigenous people in the decision-making process to reduce distrust and power imbalances. Conclusion: The involvement of indigenous women and community leaders is important in making decisions regarding the implementation of effective healthcare and prenatal programs for indigenous women. However, further research is required to understand the effectiveness of the solutions and the barriers that make prenatal care less accessible for indigenous women in Canada. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indigenous" title="indigenous">indigenous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maternal%20health" title=" maternal health"> maternal health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20care" title=" prenatal care"> prenatal care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=barriers" title=" barriers"> barriers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153951/barriers-to-access-among-indigenous-women-seeking-prenatal-care-a-literature-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153951.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">155</span> The acute effects caffeine on testosterone and cortisol in young football players after One Session Anaerobic exercise </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Rostami">S. Rostami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Hosseini"> S. H. Hosseini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Torabi"> A. A. Torabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Bekhradi"> M. Bekhradi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Interest in the use of caffeine as an ergogenic aid has increased since the International Olympic Committee lifted the partial ban on its use. Caffeine has beneficial effects on various aspects of athletic performance, but its effects on training have been neglected. The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effect of caffeine on testosterone and cortisole in young futsal players. Methods: Twenty-four professional futsal players with 18.3± 1.9 years ingested caffeine doses of 0, 200 and 800 mg in random order 1 hr before an anaerobic-exercise session (RAST test). Samples were taken at the time of caffeine ingestion and 30 min after the session. Data were log-transformed to estimate percent effects with mixed modeling, and effects were standardized to assess magnitudes. fects on training have been neglected. Results: Testosterone concentration showed a small increase of 15% (90% confidence limits, ± 19%) during exercise. Caffeine raised this concentration in a dose-dependent manner by a further small 21% (± 24%) at the highest dose. The 800-mg dose also produced a moderate 52% (± 44%) increase in cortisol. The effect of caffeine on the testosterone: cortisol ratio was a small decline (14%; ± 21%). Discussion and Conclusion: Caffeine has some potential to benefit training outcomes via the anabolic effects of the increase in testosterone concentration, but this benefit might be counteracted by the opposing catabolic effects of the increase in cortisol and resultant decline in the testosterone: cortisol ratio. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anabolic" title="anabolic">anabolic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catabolic" title=" catabolic"> catabolic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testosterone" title=" testosterone"> testosterone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cortisol%20ratio" title=" cortisol ratio"> cortisol ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RAST%20test" title=" RAST test "> RAST test </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19021/the-acute-effects-caffeine-on-testosterone-and-cortisol-in-young-football-players-after-one-session-anaerobic-exercise" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19021.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">440</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">154</span> Ameliorative Effects of Ganoderma lucidum Extracts on Testosterone Induced Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alok%20Nahata">Alok Nahata</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Nowadays, androgen-mediated diseases such as prostate cancer, hirsutism, acne, androgenic alopecia and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) have become serious problems. The aim of the present study was to find out whether Ganoderma lucidum (GL) can be used as a clinically effective medicine for the management of prostatic hyperplasia. Methodology: In vitro studies were conducted to assess the 5α-reductase inhibitory potential of GL. Testosterone (3 mg/kg s.c.) was administered to the rats along with the test extracts (10, 20 and 50 mg/kg p.o for a period of 28 days. Finasteride was used as a positive control (1 mg/kg p.o.). Major Findings: GL extracts attenuated the increase in the prostate/body weight ratio (P/BW) induced by testosterone. Most of the values were significant when compared to testosterone-treated group and finasteride treated groups. Petroleum ether extract (50 mg/kg p.o.) exhibited the best activity (P < 0.01). Ethanolic extract (20 and 50 mg/kg p.o.) also exhibited significant activity (P < 0.01). The urine output also improved significantly (P < 0.01 in all groups as compared to standard finasteride), which emphasize the clinical implications of the study. Testosterone levels measured weekly and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels measured at the end of the study also support the findings. Histological studies suggested improvement in prostatic histoarchitecture in extract-treated groups as compared to the testosterone-treated group. Conclusion: Study clearly reflects the utility of extracts in BPH. Because of conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, the prostate size is increased, thereby causing obstruction in urinary output. The observed effect that extracts do not allow the increase as reflected by urinary output, P/BW ratios and histoarchitecture showed that activity of administered testosterone was blocked by the extract and resulted in recovery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benign%20prostatic%20hyperplasia" title="benign prostatic hyperplasia">benign prostatic hyperplasia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ganoderma%20lucidum" title=" Ganoderma lucidum"> Ganoderma lucidum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prostate-specific%20antigen" title=" prostate-specific antigen"> prostate-specific antigen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=5%CE%B1-reductase" title=" 5α-reductase"> 5α-reductase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testosterone" title=" testosterone"> testosterone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89942/ameliorative-effects-of-ganoderma-lucidum-extracts-on-testosterone-induced-prostatic-hyperplasia-in-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89942.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">153</span> Male Rivalry Seen through a Biopsychosocial Lens</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20G.%20Vongas">John G. Vongas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raghid%20Al%20Hajj"> Raghid Al Hajj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We investigated the effects of winning and losing on men’s testosterone and assessed whether androgen reactivity affected their empathic accuracy and their aggression. We also explored whether their power motivation would moderate the relationships between competitive, hormonal, and behavioral outcomes. In Experiment 1, 84 males competed on a task that allegedly gauged their leadership potential and future earnings, after which they interpreted people’s emotional expressions. Results showed that winners were more capable of accurately inferring others’ emotions compared to losers and this ability improved with increasing power. Second, testosterone change mediated the relationship between competitive outcomes and empathic accuracy, with post-competitive testosterone increases relating to more accuracy. In Experiment 2, 72 males again competed after which they were measured on two aggression subtypes: proactive and reactive. Results showed that neither the competitive outcome nor the testosterone change had a significant effect on either types of aggression. However, as power increased, winners aggressed more proactively than losers whereas losers aggressed more reactively than winners. Finally, in both experiments, power moderated the relationship between competitive outcomes and testosterone change. Collectively, these studies add to existing research that explores the psychophysiological effects of competition on individuals’ empathic and aggressive responses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competition" title="competition">competition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testosterone" title=" testosterone"> testosterone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20motivation" title=" power motivation"> power motivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empathic%20accuracy" title=" empathic accuracy"> empathic accuracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proactive%20aggression" title=" proactive aggression"> proactive aggression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactive%20aggression" title=" reactive aggression"> reactive aggression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46667/male-rivalry-seen-through-a-biopsychosocial-lens" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46667.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">152</span> Placenta Parenchymal Dysplasia: When to Depend on Color Doppler and MRI</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bernard%20Olumide%20Ewuoso">Bernard Olumide Ewuoso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Gharaibeh"> Asma Gharaibeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rationale: Placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) resembles molar pregnancy quite a bit. Although there have been documented live births of healthy babies, obtaining an objective diagnosis is crucial to assisting the mother in making an educated decision on what option of management she would like to explore. Prenatal invasive testing is recommended to help obtain an objective diagnosis in cases of abnormal placenta. We present a 23-year-old who, at 14 weeks, had ultrasonographic findings suggestive of placental mesenchymal dysplasia. She was offered prenatal invasive testing but declined and opted for surgical management, with a diagnosis of PMD confirmed on histopathology. There will be occasions such as this when prenatal invasive testing is declined. In these situations, careful consideration can be given to color Doppler and MRI, especially if the patient decides to keep pregnancy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=placental%20mesenchymal%20dysplasisa" title="placental mesenchymal dysplasisa">placental mesenchymal dysplasisa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molar%20pregnancy" title=" molar pregnancy"> molar pregnancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20invasive%20testing" title=" prenatal invasive testing"> prenatal invasive testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Color%20doppler" title=" Color doppler"> Color doppler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MRI" title=" MRI"> MRI</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189431/placenta-parenchymal-dysplasia-when-to-depend-on-color-doppler-and-mri" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189431.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">23</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">151</span> Application of ATP7B Gene Mutation Analysis in Prenatal Diagnosis of Wilson’s Disease</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huong%20M.%20T.%20Nguyen">Huong M. T. Nguyen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoa%20A.%20P.%20Nguyen"> Hoa A. P. Nguyen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chi%20V.%20Phan"> Chi V. Phan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mai%20P.%20T.%20Nguyen"> Mai P. T. Nguyen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ngoc%20D.%20Ngo"> Ngoc D. Ngo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Van%20T.%20Ta"> Van T. Ta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hai%20T.%20Le"> Hai T. Le</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wilson’s disease is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism, which is caused by mutation in copper- transporting P-type ATPase (ATP7B). The mechanism of this disease is a failure of hepatic excretion of copper to the bile, and it leads to copper deposits in the liver and other organs. Most clinical symptoms of Wilson’s disease can present as liver disease and/or neurologic disease. Objective: The goal of the study is prenatal diagnosis for pregnant women at high risk of Wilson’s disease in Northern Vietnam. Material and method: Three probands with clinically diagnosed liver disease were detected in the mutations of 21 exons and exon-intron boundaries of the ATP7B gene by direct Sanger-sequencing. Prenatal diagnoses were performed by amniotic fluid sampling from pregnant women in the 16th-18th weeks of pregnancy after the genotypes of parents with the probands were identified. Result: A total of three different mutations of the probands, including of S105*, P1052L, P1273G, were detected. Among three fetuses which underwent prenatal genetic testing, one fetus was homozygote; two fetuses were carriers. Conclusion: Genetic testing provided a useful method for prenatal diagnosis, and is a basis for genetic counseling. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ATP7B%20gene" title="ATP7B gene">ATP7B gene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20testing" title=" genetic testing"> genetic testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20diagnosis" title=" prenatal diagnosis"> prenatal diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pedigree" title=" pedigree"> pedigree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wilson%20disease" title=" Wilson disease"> Wilson disease</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58248/application-of-atp7b-gene-mutation-analysis-in-prenatal-diagnosis-of-wilsons-disease" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58248.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">150</span> Prenatal Diagnosis of Beta Thalassemia Intermedia in Vietnamese Family: Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ha%20T.%20T.%20Ly">Ha T. T. Ly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Truc%20B.%20Truc"> Truc B. Truc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hai%20N.%20Truong"> Hai N. Truong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mai%20P.%20T.%20Nguyen"> Mai P. T. Nguyen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ngoc%20D.%20Ngo"> Ngoc D. Ngo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khanh%20V.%20Tran"> Khanh V. Tran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hai%20T.%20Le"> Hai T. Le</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Beta thalassemia is one of the most common inherited blood disorders, which is characterized by decreased or absent in beta globin expression. Patients with Beta thalassemia whose anemia is not so severe as to necessitate transfusions are said to have thalassemia intermedia. Objective: The goal of this study is prenatal diagnosis for pregnancy woman with Beta thalassemia intermedia and her husband with Beta thalassemia carrier at high risk of Beta thalassemia major in Northern of Vietnam. Material and method: The family has a 6 years-old compound heterozygous thalassemia major for CD71/72(+A) and Hbb:c. -78A>G/nt-28(A>G) male child. The father was heterozygous for CD71/72(+A) mutation which is Beta plus type and the mother was compound heterozygosity of two different variants, namely, Hbb: c. -78A>G/nt-28(A>G) and CD26(A-G) HbE. Prenatal Beta thalassemia mutation detection in fetal DNA was carried out using multiplex Amplification-refractory mutation system ARMS-PCR and confirmed by direct Sanger-sequencing Hbb gene. Prenatal diagnoses were perfomed by amniotic fluid sampling from pregnant woman in the 16-18th week of pregnancy after the genotypes of parents of the probands were identified. Result: When amniotic fluid sample was analyzed for Beta globin gene (Hbb), we found that the genotype is heterozygous for CD71/72(+A) and CD26(A-G) HbE. This genotype is different from the 1st child of this family. Conclusion: Prenatal diagnosis helps the parents to know the genotype and the thalassemia status of the fetus, so they can have early decision on their pregnancy. Genetic diagnosis provided a useful method in diagnosis for familial members in pedigree, genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beta%20thalassemia%20intermedia" title="beta thalassemia intermedia">beta thalassemia intermedia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hbb%20gene" title=" Hbb gene"> Hbb gene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pedigree" title=" pedigree"> pedigree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20diagnosis" title=" prenatal diagnosis"> prenatal diagnosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59114/prenatal-diagnosis-of-beta-thalassemia-intermedia-in-vietnamese-family-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59114.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">149</span> Effect of Group Prenatal Care on Adolescent Pregnancy Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Trial</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parvin%20Abedi">Parvin Abedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Malchi"> Fatemeh Malchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mina%20Iravani"> Mina Iravani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Maraghi"> Elham Maraghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eesa%20Mohammadi"> Eesa Mohammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najmieh%20Saadati"> Najmieh Saadati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Adolescent pregnancy has major health and social consequences and can lead to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of group prenatal care (GPNC) of adolescents on their maternal and neonatal outcomes. Methods: In this study, 294 adolescent pregnant women (aged 15-19) were randomly assigned into two groups of prenatal care (n=147) and individual prenatal care (IPNC) (n=147). Participants in the intervention group received GPNC at 16-20 weeks of gestational age, while the control group received (IPNC). The data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, independent t-test, and linear and logistic tests. Results: As far as weight gain was concerned, 91.7% and 62.1% of the participants in the GPNC and IPNC groups had an appropriate weight gain during pregnancy, respectively OR 6.72 (95% CI 3.40, 13.26). In the GPNC group, 79.2% of participants had exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 weeks after childbirth and while this rate was 49.7% in the IPNC group, OR 3.92 (95% CI 2.36, 6.64). Preterm birth was observed in 3.4% of the participants in the GPNC group as opposed to 9.5% in the IPNC group OR 6.17 (95% CI 0.73, 51.93). Conclusion: Adolescent women in GPNC have more appropriate weight gain and a higher rate of exclusive breastfeeding compared to adolescent women in IPNC. Group prenatal care could be considered a viable method of care for adolescent pregnant women. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=group%20prenatal%20car" title="group prenatal car">group prenatal car</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescents%20pregnant%20women" title=" adolescents pregnant women"> adolescents pregnant women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pregnancy%20outcomes" title=" pregnancy outcomes"> pregnancy outcomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neonatal%20outcomes" title=" neonatal outcomes"> neonatal outcomes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192915/effect-of-group-prenatal-care-on-adolescent-pregnancy-outcomes-a-randomized-controlled-trial" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192915.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">18</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">148</span> Diagnosing Depression during Pregnancy-Identifying Risk Factors of Prenatal Depression in Polish Women</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Plaza">Olga Plaza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katarzyna%20Kosinska-Kaczynska"> Katarzyna Kosinska-Kaczynska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stepan%20Feduniw"> Stepan Feduniw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dominika%20Pazdzior"> Dominika Pazdzior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kinga%20Zebrowska"> Kinga Zebrowska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katarzyna%20Kwiatkowska"> Katarzyna Kwiatkowska</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The main causes of depression among pregnant women remain unclear. However, it is clear that pregnancy carries a higher risk of depression occurrence. Left untreated, prenatal depression can be a cause of serious both maternal and neonatal complications. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to define potential risk factors of prenatal depression and to assess the frequency of its occurrence among pregnant women. Material and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was performed among 346 women. The self- composed questionnaire consisting of 46 questions, was distributed via the Internet between November 2017 and March 2018. The questionnaire contained the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), in which the results of 13 and more points (out of 30) suggested possible prenatal depression. Statistical analysis was performed with Chi2 Pearson. P value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: 37.57% (n=130) of women had a score of 13 or more points. Women with depressive symptoms (DS) reported lack of support from the partner (46.9% vs. 16.2%; p < 0.001) as well as other family members (40.8% vs. 14.4%; p < 0.001), current pregnancy being unplanned (21.5% vs. 12.5%; p=0.014) and low socio-economic status (10% vs. 0.9%; p < 0.001). Both early and advanced maternal age seemed to play a role in occurrence of DS: in women aged 17-24 40.8% declared symptoms (vs 28.7%; p < 0.01), in mothers aged ≥37 6.2% did (vs 0.5%; p < 0.001). Smoking during pregnancy was also more frequent among patients with DS (31.5% vs. 18.1%; p=0.004). Previous diagnosis of depression or other mood disorders significantly increased a chance of DS occurrence (respectively- 17.7% vs. 4.6%; p < 0.001 and 49.2% vs. 25%; p<0.001). Parental diagnosis of mood disorders and other mental disorders was also more frequent in this group of patients (respectively- 24.6% vs. 15.7%; p= 0.026 and 26.4% vs. 9.7%; p < 0.001). Only 23.8% of women with DS sought help from healthcare professionals, with 21.5% receiving pharmacological treatment. Conclusions: Pregnant women often report having DS. Evaluation of risk factors of DS and possible prenatal depression is essential in proper screening for depression among pregnant women. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obstetrics" title="obstetrics">obstetrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polish%20women" title=" polish women"> polish women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20care" title=" prenatal care"> prenatal care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20depression" title=" prenatal depression"> prenatal depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factors" title=" risk factors"> risk factors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110201/diagnosing-depression-during-pregnancy-identifying-risk-factors-of-prenatal-depression-in-polish-women" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110201.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">213</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">147</span> Etiology and Postnatal Management of Prenatal Hydronephrosis: A Study of Two Teaching Hospitals of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saima%20Ali">Saima Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liaqat%20Ali"> Liaqat Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasir%20Orakzai"> Nasir Orakzai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Hydronephrosis is the most common abnormal finding in the urinary tract on prenatal screening with Ultrasonography. The prenatal hydronephrosis is a diagnostic dilemma in differentiating between obstructive variant versus physiologic hydronephrosis. The assessment and prompt diagnosis of prenatal hydronephrosis is important because of the fact that untreated obstructive hydronephrosis usually leads to recurrent UTI, Urosepsis, deterioration of renal functions, non-functioning kidneys, and even end-stage renal disease. Objectives: To determine the etiology and outcome of postnatal treatment of children with prenatal hydronephrosis in two teaching hospitals of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) Methods: It is a multicentric descriptive study that was conducted in department of Paediatrics in Kuwait teaching hospital Peshawar and Department of Urology in Institute of Kidney Diseases Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar from January 2008 till December 2010. Total numbers of 64 neonates were included in the study with the mean follow-up of 14.5 months. All the diagnostic data in prenatal, postnatal data, and operative and non-operative data were collected on structured Proforma and was analyzed on SPSS version 17. Results: Out of 64 patients, 39 (60.9 %) were male while 25 were female. 52 patients had unilateral while 12 patients had bilateral hydronephrosis. Based upon prenatal USG in term of AP diameter, 37 (57 %) patients had mild hydronephrosis (5-10 mm AP diameter), 14 patients had moderate hydronephrosis (10-15 mm AP diameter) while 13 patients had gross hydronephrosis (More than 15mm). Regarding etiology, 44(76 %) patients were labeled as physiologic hydronephrosis, 11 patients (9.3%) with PUJ obstruction, 5 patients with Vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) and 4 patients with posterior urethral valves. Surgery was performed in total of 15 (23.4%) patients that included open Pyeloplasty in 11 patients, Vesicostomy followed by posterior valve fulguration in 4 patients. All the patients of VUR treated medically. The severity in the grade of prenatal hydronephrosis is significantly associated with the need for definitive urological surgery p < 0.005. Ancillary procedures like percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) were inserted 7 patients. Conclusions: Prenatal hydronephrosis is a common ailment associated with significant morbidity. Physiological Hydronephrosis and VUR can be successfully treated with medical treatment. However obstructive PUJ obstructions and posterior urethral valves require surgical correction with a good success rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20hydronephrosis" title="prenatal hydronephrosis">prenatal hydronephrosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pelviureteric%20Junction%20%28PUJ%29%20Obstruction" title=" Pelviureteric Junction (PUJ) Obstruction"> Pelviureteric Junction (PUJ) Obstruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vesicoureteric%20reflux" title=" vesicoureteric reflux"> vesicoureteric reflux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=posterior%20urethral%20valve" title=" posterior urethral valve"> posterior urethral valve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renography" title=" renography"> renography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13567/etiology-and-postnatal-management-of-prenatal-hydronephrosis-a-study-of-two-teaching-hospitals-of-khyber-pakhtunkhwa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13567.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">246</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">146</span> Tibial Hemimelia Type VIIa: A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Medrano">M. Medrano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20D.%20M.%20S."> M. D. M. S.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Younes"> L. Younes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20D."> M. D.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Incidence of tibial hemimelia is 1:1,000,000. Due to pre-existing case studies and literature, there is now a better understanding of the genetics, etiology and pathoanatomy of tibial hemimelia, but an underlying cause is generally unknown. This presentation aims to discuss a rare, congenital lower limb deficiency observed in a patient in order to identify potential prenatal risk factors and future considerations for the patient’s well-being. Observation: A newborn female child, born full term via spontaneous vaginal delivery after induction of labor to unaffected and non-consanguineous parents. The prenatal course was notable for limited and disjointed prenatal care as well as maternal tobacco and marijuana use, anemia of pregnancy, and inadequate weight gain. Prenatal imaging showed lower extremity deformity with the inability to visualize tibia and bilateral clubfeet in the setting of Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR). The patient presented with right equino varus deformity of the foot and right knee joint deformity. Radiological imaging showed the absence of the right tibia and varus angulation of the right foot with dislocation of the tibiotalar joint. Normal femur with lateral and mild anterior displacement of a wide fibula (Weber Type VIIa). Due to the absence of the patient’s tibia and knee extensor mechanism, the patient was not a candidate for reconstructive surgery and ultimately underwent successful right knee disarticulation. Discussion and Conclusion: By utilizing a retrospective chart review of this case, possible risk factors in prenatal care may be identified and add to existing knowledge on etiology. Hopefully, a cause can be clearly identified in the future and, thus, addressed in the prenatal period. In addition, we can investigate the patient’s well-being and adjustment post-operatively to support outpatient management of an uncommon anomaly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tibial%20hemimelia" title="Tibial hemimelia">Tibial hemimelia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20care" title=" prenatal care"> prenatal care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pediatric%20orthopedics" title=" pediatric orthopedics"> pediatric orthopedics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=congenital%20deformity" title=" congenital deformity"> congenital deformity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142499/tibial-hemimelia-type-viia-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142499.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">159</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">145</span> Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Pregnancy, Preterm Birth, Low Birthweight, and the Importance of Prenatal Care: Data from the 2020 United States Birth Certificate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anthony%20J.%20Kondracki">Anthony J. Kondracki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bonzo%20Reddick"> Bonzo Reddick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jennifer%20L.%20Barkin"> Jennifer L. Barkin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Many pregnancies in the United States are affected each year with the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and Treponema pallidum (TP, syphilis), and the rate of congenital syphilis has reached a 20-year high. We sought to estimate the prevalence of CT, NG, and TP in pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth (PTB) (<37 weeks gestation) and low birthweight (LBW) (<2500g) deliveries according to utilization of prenatal care (PNC) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study was based on the 2020 National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Natality File restricted to singleton births (N=3,512,858). We estimated the prevalence of CT, NG, TP, PTBand LBW across timing and the number of prenatal care (PNC) visits attended. In multivariable logistic regression models, adjusted odds ratios of PTB and LBW were assessed according to STIs and PNC status. E-values, based on effect size estimates and the lower bound of the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the association, examined the potential impact of unmeasured confounding. Results: CT (1.8%) was most prevalent in pregnancy, followed by NG (0.3%) and TP (0.1%). The strongest predictors of PTB and LBW were maternal NG (12.2% and 12.1%, respectively), late initiation/no PNC (8.5% and 7.6%, respectively), and ≤10 prenatal visits (13.1% and 10.3%, respectively). The odds of PTB and LBW were 2.5- to 3-fold greater for each STI in women who received ≤10 compared to >10 prenatal visits. E-values demonstrated the minimum strength of potential unmeasured confounding necessary to explain away observed associations. Conclusions: Timely initiation and receipt of recommended number of prenatal visits benefits screening and treatment of all women for STIs, including NG to substantially reduce infant morbidity and mortality related to PTB and LBW among infants born during the COVID-19 pandemic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19%20pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sexually%20transmitted%20infections" title=" sexually transmitted infections"> sexually transmitted infections</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preterm%20birth" title=" preterm birth"> preterm birth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20birthweight" title=" low birthweight"> low birthweight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20care" title=" prenatal care"> prenatal care</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146712/prevalence-of-sexually-transmitted-infections-in-pregnancy-preterm-birth-low-birthweight-and-the-importance-of-prenatal-care-data-from-the-2020-united-states-birth-certificate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146712.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">144</span> Effect of He-Ne Laser Therapy on the Testis and Serum Testosterone Level in Adult Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadeem%20H.%20Meikha">Nadeem H. Meikha </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazad%20H.%20Qader"> Nazad H. Qader</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basheer%20M.%20Hasafa"> Basheer M. Hasafa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The trial was conducted to examine the effect of He-Ne laser therapy on the testis and serum testosterone level in adult rats. Thirty five albino Western adult male rats aged 3-4 months and weighing approximately 250-300 g were used and divided into three treatments. Testicular tissue of rats in the first and second treatments were exposed once daily for three successively days to a dose of irradiation 1.02 j/cm2 (40 second), and to 2.03 j/cm2 (80 second) respectively, while the third group left without any treatments (control). The results showed that the process of irradiation adversely affected on the level of serum testosterone concentration of the irradiated rats in the first and second treatment comparing to the normal level in the control group. While the histological examination showed that decrease in number of germ cells with 40 second of irradiation at day three, with 80 second of irradiation the decreased started at day two and three. The spermatids number decreased in rate low, medium, high respectively for three days of 40 second of irradiation, while the spermatids number were adversely affected by dropping in a rate of medium, large and very large for three days of 80 second of irradiation, respectively. In conclusion our study revealed that any reduction in sertoli cells causes adverse affect on both spermatids and germinal cells which increase with the increasing of duration and repetition of irradiation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=He-Ne%20laser" title="He-Ne laser">He-Ne laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rats" title=" rats"> rats</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testosterone" title=" testosterone"> testosterone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spermatids" title=" spermatids "> spermatids </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14431/effect-of-he-ne-laser-therapy-on-the-testis-and-serum-testosterone-level-in-adult-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14431.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">274</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">143</span> Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid(CLA) on Some Reproductive Hormones in Ram</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behnaz%20Mahdavi">Behnaz Mahdavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamidreza%20Khodaei"> Hamidreza Khodaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leila%20Karshenas"> Leila Karshenas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Conjugated Linoleic Acid is a group of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids with more than one double bond and a mixture of 28 isomers of Linoleic acid (C 18:2) and it is counted as one of the essential acids. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of CLA on some reproductive hormones in rams. In this study, six rams 3 to 4 years old with an average weight of 90 kg were selected. Rams were randomly divided into 3 groups and were treated by CLA treatment for 30 days. The first group (as a control group) didn’t receive CLA, The second group received 0.5 gr and the third group received 1 gram of CLA. The blood testing was done on rams every 15 days using a 20 ml syringe. Data analysis was performed by SAS software. Also mean comparison was done using Duncan's test method (p<0.05). Obtained results showed that the serum concentration of testosterone hormone was decreased numerically as well as the concentration of FSH hormone however the concentration of LH was increased. CLA in oral form can reduce the concentration of testosterone in rams. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CLA" title="CLA">CLA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ram" title=" ram"> ram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testosterone" title=" testosterone"> testosterone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DHT" title=" DHT"> DHT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Conjugated%20Linoleic%20Acid" title=" Conjugated Linoleic Acid"> Conjugated Linoleic Acid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12645/effects-of-conjugated-linoleic-acidcla-on-some-reproductive-hormones-in-ram" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12645.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">142</span> Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid on the Reproductive Axis of Ram</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behnaz%20Mahdavi">Behnaz Mahdavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamidreza%20Khodaei"> Hamidreza Khodaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Banitaba"> Alireza Banitaba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Conjugated Linoleic Acid is a group of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids with more than one double bond and a mixture of 28 isomers of Linoleic acid (C 18:2) and it is counted as one of the essential acids. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of CLA on some reproductive hormones in rams. In this study, six rams 3 to 4 years old with an average weight of 90 kg were selected. Rams were randomly divided into 3 groups and were treated by CLA treatment for 30 days. The first group (as a control group) did not receive CLA, The second group received 0.5 gr and the third group received 1 gram of CLA. The blood testing was done on rams every 15 days using a 20 ml syringe. Data analysis was performed by SAS software. Also mean comparison was done using Duncan's test method (p<0.05). Obtained results showed that the serum concentration of testosterone hormone was decreased numerically as well as the concentration of FSH hormone however the concentration of LH was increased. Also, the CLA had a significant effect on Leptin concentration. CLA in oral form can reduce the concentration of testosterone in rams. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CLA" title="CLA">CLA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ram" title=" ram"> ram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testosterone" title=" testosterone"> testosterone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conjugated%20linoleic%20acid" title=" conjugated linoleic acid"> conjugated linoleic acid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15054/effects-of-conjugated-linoleic-acid-on-the-reproductive-axis-of-ram" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15054.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">141</span> Prenatal Genetic Screening and Counselling Competency Challenges of Nurse-Midwife</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Girija%20Madhavanprabhakaran">Girija Madhavanprabhakaran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frincy%20Franacis"> Frincy Franacis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheeba%20Elizabeth%20John"> Sheeba Elizabeth John</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: A wide range of prenatal genetic screening is introduced with increasing incidences of congenital anomalies even in low-risk pregnancies and is an emerging standard of care. Being frontline caretakers, the role and responsibilities of nurses and midwives are critical as they are working along with couples to provide evidence-based supportive educative care. The increasing genetic disorders and advances in prenatal genetic screening with limited genetic counselling facilities urge nurses and midwifery nurses with essential competencies to help couples to take informed decision. Objective: This integrative literature review aimed to explore nurse midwives’ knowledge and role in prenatal screening and genetic counselling competency and the challenges faced by them to cater to all pregnant women to empower their autonomy in decision making and ensuring psychological comfort. Method: An electronic search using keywords prenatal screening, genetic counselling, prenatal counselling, nurse midwife, nursing education, genetics, and genomics were done in the PUBMED, SCOPUS and Medline, Google Scholar. Finally, based on inclusion criteria, 8 relevant articles were included. Results: The main review results suggest that nurses and midwives lack essential support, knowledge, or confidence to be able to provide genetic counselling and help the couples ethically to ensure client autonomy and decision making. The majority of nurses and midwives reported inadequate levels of knowledge on genetic screening and their roles in obtaining family history, pedigrees, and providing genetic information for an affected client or high-risk families. The deficiency of well-recognized and influential clinical academic midwives in midwifery practice is also reported. Evidence recommended to update and provide sound educational training to improve nurse-midwife competence and confidence. Conclusion: Overcoming the challenges to achieving informed choices about fetal anomaly screening globally is a major concern. Lack of adequate knowledge and counselling competency, communication insufficiency, need for education and policy are major areas to address. Prenatal nurses' and midwives’ knowledge on prenatal genetic screening and essential counselling competencies can ensure services to the majority of pregnant women around the globe to be better-informed decision-makers and enhances their autonomy, and reduces ethical dilemmas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=challenges" title="challenges">challenges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20counselling" title=" genetic counselling"> genetic counselling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20screening" title=" prenatal screening"> prenatal screening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20counselling" title=" prenatal counselling"> prenatal counselling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142405/prenatal-genetic-screening-and-counselling-competency-challenges-of-nurse-midwife" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142405.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">199</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">140</span> Qf-Pcr as a Rapid Technique for Routine Prenatal Diagnosis of Fetal Aneuploidies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Atef">S. H. Atef </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The most common chromosomal abnormalities identified at birth are aneuploidies of chromosome 21, 18, 13, X and Y. Prenatal diagnosis of fetal aneuploidies is routinely done by traditional cytogenetic culture, a major drawback of this technique is the long period of time required to reach a diagnosis. In this study, we evaluated the QF-PCR as a rapid technique for prenatal diagnosis of common aneuploidies. Method:This work was carried out on Sixty amniotic fluid samples taken from patients with one or more of the following indications: Advanced maternal age (3 case), abnormal biochemical markers (6 cases), abnormal ultrasound (12 cases) or previous history of abnormal child (39 cases).Each sample was tested by QF-PCR and traditional cytogenetic. Aneuploidy screenings were performed amplifying four STRs on chromosomes 21, 18, 13, two pseudoautosomal,one X linked, as well as the AMXY and SRY; markers were distributed in two multiplex QFPCR assays (S1 and S2) in order to reduce the risk of sample mishandling. Results: All the QF-PCR results were successful, while there was two culture failures, only one of them was repeated. No discrepancy was seen between the results of both techniques. Fifty six samples showed normal patterns, three sample showed trisomy 21, successfully detected by both techniques and one sample showed normal pattern by QF-PCR but could not be compared to the cytogenetics due to culture failure, the pregnancy outcome of this case was a normal baby. Conclusion: Our study concluded that QF-PCR is a reliable technique for prenatal diagnosis of the common chromosomal aneuploidies. It has the advantages over the cytogenetic culture of being faster with the results appearing within 24-48 hours, simpler, doesn't need a highly qualified staff, less prone to failure and more cost effective. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QF-PCR" title="QF-PCR">QF-PCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20cytogenetic%20fetal%20aneuploidies" title=" traditional cytogenetic fetal aneuploidies"> traditional cytogenetic fetal aneuploidies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trisomy%2021" title=" trisomy 21"> trisomy 21</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20diagnosis" title=" prenatal diagnosis "> prenatal diagnosis </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36049/qf-pcr-as-a-rapid-technique-for-routine-prenatal-diagnosis-of-fetal-aneuploidies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36049.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">417</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">139</span> Influence of 50 Hz, 1m Tesla Electromagnetic Fields on Serum Male Sex Hormones of Male Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Randa%20M.%20Mostafa">Randa M. Mostafa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Moustafa"> Y. Moustafa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During our daily life, we are continuously exposed to the extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) generated by electric appliances. The possible relation between exposure to (ELF-MFs) and adverse health effects has attracted and passed through long debate sessions. Extremely low frequency is a term used to describe radiation frequencies below 300 Hertz (Hz).It is very important for public health because of the widespread use of electrical power at 50-60 Hz in most countries. This study set out to investigate the impact of chronic exposure of male rats to 50- Hz, 1 mTesla (ELF-EMF) of over periods of 1, 2, and 4 weeks on concentration of serum FSH, LH, and testosterone hormones. 60 male albino rats were divided into 6 groups and were continuously exposed to 50-Hz, 1 m Tesla (ELF-EMF) generated by magnetic field chamber for periods of 1, 2, and 4 weeks. For each experimental point, sham treated group was used as a control. Assay of serum testosterone LH, and FSHwere performed. Serum testosterone showed no significant changes. FSH showed significant increase than sham exposed group after 1 week of field exposure. LH showed significant increase than sham exposed group only after 4 weeks of field exposure. A future detailed molecular studies must be carried out to figure out and may be able to explain the possible interactions between ELF-EMF and hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal axis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extremely%20low%20frequency%20electromagnetic%20fields" title="extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields">extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testosterone" title=" testosterone"> testosterone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=follicular%20stimulating%20hormone" title=" follicular stimulating hormone"> follicular stimulating hormone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LH" title=" LH "> LH </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16414/influence-of-50-hz-1m-tesla-electromagnetic-fields-on-serum-male-sex-hormones-of-male-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16414.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">460</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">138</span> Effects of Butea superba Roxb. on Skeletal Muscle Functions and Parvalbumin Levels of Orchidectomized Rat </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Surapong%20Vongvatcharanon">Surapong Vongvatcharanon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fardeela%20Binalee"> Fardeela Binalee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wandee%20Udomuksorn"> Wandee Udomuksorn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ekkasit%20Kumarnsit"> Ekkasit Kumarnsit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uraporn%20Vongvatcharanon"> Uraporn Vongvatcharanon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hypogonadism is characterized by a decline in sex hormone levels, especially testosterone. It has been shown to be an important contributor to the decrease in muscle mass, muscle strength and performance, a condition known as sarcopenia. Preparations from Butea superba Roxb. (red Kwao Krua) have been reported to have androgenic properties. The active compounds are proposed to be flavonoids and flavonoid glycosides. Treatment with B. superba has been shown to improve erectile dysfunction in males. Parvalbumin (PV) is a relaxing factor and identified in fast twitch fibers. Alterations of the PV levels affects skeletal muscle functions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of orhchidectomy, testosterone replacement and different doses of Butea superba Roxb. on the structure, performance, levels of parvalbumin, parvalbumin and androgen receptor immunoreactivities in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and gastrocnemius muscles of orchidectomized rats. Twelve-week old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups; sham-operated (SHAM), orchidectomized (BS-0), orchidectomized group that was treated with testosterone replacement of 6 µg/kg (TP) or an orchidectomized group that was treated with various doses of an extract from Butea superba Roxb.; 5 mg/kg (BS-5), 50 mg/kg (BS-50) and 500 mg/kg (BS-500) all for 90 days. The testosterone level, epididymis, seminal vesicle, prostate gland, vas deference weight, muscle fiber size, strength and endurance in both the EDL and gastrocnemius muscle were decreased in the BS-0 group but increased in the testosterone replacement group. Treatment with the B. superba Roxb. extract replacement group improved muscle fiber size, strength and endurance, but not total testosterone levels, or the epididymis, seminal vesicle, prostate gland, vas deference weight. Furthermore, the parvalbumin level, parvalbumin and androgen receptor immunoreactivities were reduced in the BS-0 group but increased in the testosterone replacement group and the B. superba Roxb. extract groups for both the EDL and gastrocnemius muscle. This study indicated that the reduction of testosterone level led to a decrease of the androgen receptor density resulting in a decline in the muscle mass and parvalbumin levels. The decrease of parvalbumin levels affected muscle performance. Testosterone replacement increased the androgen receptor density and led to an increase of muscle mass and parvalbumin levels. The increase in the parvalbumin levels may result in an improvement of muscle performance. This may explain one mechanism of testosterone on muscle mass and strength in the testosterone dependent sarcopenia. The B. superba Roxb. extract groups also had improved muscle mass, strength and endurance, parvalbumin level, parvalbumin and androgen immunoreactivities compared to the BS-O group . Butea superba Roxb. Extracts contains a flavonoid (3, 7, 3'-Trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone), flavonoiglycoside (3, 3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) and isoflavanolignans (butesuperins A and butesuperins B) all known to inhibit the cAMP phosphodiesterase enzyme. Therefore, cAMP signaling may have adaptive effects on skeletal muscle by increasing muscle mass, strength and endurance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Butea%20superba" title="Butea superba">Butea superba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parvalbumin" title=" parvalbumin"> parvalbumin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skeletal%20muscle" title=" skeletal muscle"> skeletal muscle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orchidectomy" title=" orchidectomy"> orchidectomy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33417/effects-of-butea-superba-roxb-on-skeletal-muscle-functions-and-parvalbumin-levels-of-orchidectomized-rat" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33417.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">422</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">137</span> The Ratio of Second-to-Fourth Digit Length (2D:4D) and the Physical Ability in Men and Women</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marek%20Kociuba">Marek Kociuba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaros%C5%82aw%20Kurek"> Jarosław Kurek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The digit length ratio (2D:4D) is generally higher in women compared to men. Lower 2D:4D is linked with greater physical ability, strength, and better sporting performance. Second-to-fourth digit lengths ratio (2D:4D) is an indicator of PT exposure. Lower 2D:4D indicates higher PT exposure and vice versa. Methods: The objectives of this paper were to investigate the relationship of 2D:4D with physical fitness in men and women. The study compared 137 female and 174 male students from Wrocław. Besides calculating 2D:4D for each hand, height and weight were also recorded. Assessment of physical fitness and endurance were performed through Eurofit tests. Handgrip strength was measured by a standardized isometric dynamometer. Results: Male participants had significantly lower 2D:4D than females on each hand. A weak relationship between 2D:4D and the results of strength tests was found. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2D%3A4D" title="2D:4D">2D:4D</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20fitness" title=" physical fitness"> physical fitness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20testosterone" title=" prenatal testosterone"> prenatal testosterone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sexual%20dimorphism" title=" sexual dimorphism"> sexual dimorphism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151606/the-ratio-of-second-to-fourth-digit-length-2d4d-and-the-physical-ability-in-men-and-women" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151606.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">125</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">136</span> Comparing of Hypogonadism Frequency between Metabolic Syndrome Men with Normal Men</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Armaghan%20Moravej%20Aleali">Armaghan Moravej Aleali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Bahman%20Ghaderian"> Seyed Bahman Ghaderian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Homeira%20Rashidi"> Homeira Rashidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Mapar"> Mahmoud Mapar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Objective The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is considered the most important public health threat of the 21st century. This syndrome is characterized by a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors including increased central abdominal obesity, elevated triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein, high blood pressure, increased fasting glucose, and hyperinsulinemia. MetS has been associated with hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction (ED), and MetS may be considered a risk factor for ED. The aim of this study was finding an association between metabolic syndrome and hypogonadism in Khouzestan, Iran. Subjects and Methods: In this study, 60 patients divided into two groups consisted of 30 cases (with metabolic syndrome) and 30 controls. Total and free Serum Testosterone and FBS in all of them were measured. Data was analyzed with SPSS20 program. Results: There was a significant difference between two groups about free Testosterone (P=0.01), FBS (P=0.002) and LH (P=0.03). Conclusion: According to this finding, it is thought the prevalence of hypogonadism in men with metabolic syndrome is more than the general population. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolic%20syndrome" title="metabolic syndrome">metabolic syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fasting%20blood%20sugar" title=" fasting blood sugar"> fasting blood sugar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypogonadism" title=" hypogonadism"> hypogonadism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testosterone" title=" testosterone "> testosterone </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16544/comparing-of-hypogonadism-frequency-between-metabolic-syndrome-men-with-normal-men" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16544.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">396</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">135</span> Prenatal Paraben Exposure Impacts Infant Overweight Development and in vitro Adipogenesis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beate%20Englich">Beate Englich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linda%20Schlittenbauer"> Linda Schlittenbauer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christiane%20Pfeifer"> Christiane Pfeifer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isabel%20Kratochvil"> Isabel Kratochvil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Borte"> Michael Borte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriele%20I.%20Stangl"> Gabriele I. Stangl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20von%20Bergen"> Martin von Bergen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thorsten%20Reemtsma"> Thorsten Reemtsma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irina%20Lehmann"> Irina Lehmann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kristin%20M.%20Junge"> Kristin M. Junge</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The worldwide production of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC) has risen dramatically over the last decades, as so has the prevalence for obesity. Many EDCs are believed to contribute to this obesity epidemic, by enhancing adipogenesis or disrupting relevant metabolism. This effect is most tremendous in the early prenatal period when priming effects find a highly vulnerable time window. Therefore, we investigate the impact of parabens on childhood overweight development and adipogenesis in general. Parabens are ester of 4-hydroxy-benzoic acid and part of many cosmetic products or food packing. Therefore, ubiquitous exposure can be found in the westernized world, with exposure already starting during the sensitive prenatal period. We assessed maternal cosmetic product consumption, prenatal paraben exposure and infant BMI z-scores in the prospective German LINA cohort. In detail, maternal urinary concentrations (34 weeks of gestation) of methyl paraben (MeP), ethyl paraben (EtP), n-propyl paraben (PrP) and n-butyl paraben (BuP) were quantified using UPLC-MS/MS. Body weight and height of their children was assessed during annual clinical visits. Further, we investigated the direct influence of those parabens on adipogenesis in-vitro using a human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation assay to mimic a prenatal exposure scenario. MSC were exposed to 0.1 – 50 µM paraben during the entire differentiation period. Differentiation outcome was monitored by impedance spectrometry, real-time PCR and triglyceride staining. We found that maternal cosmetic product consumption was highly correlated with urinary paraben concentrations at pregnancy. Further, prenatal paraben exposure was linked to higher BMI Z-scores in children. Our in-vitro analysis revealed that especially the long chained paraben BuP stimulates adipogenesis by increasing the expression of adipocyte specific genes (PPARγ, ADIPOQ, LPL, etc.) and triglyceride storage. Moreover, we found that adiponectin secretion is increased whereas leptin secretion is reduced under BuP exposure in-vitro. Further mechanistic analysis for receptor binding and activation of PPARγ and other key players in adipogenesis are currently in process. We conclude that maternal cosmetic product consumption is linked to prenatal paraben exposure of children and contributes to the development of infant overweight development by triggering key pathways of adipogenesis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adipogenesis" title="adipogenesis">adipogenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endocrine%20disruptors" title=" endocrine disruptors"> endocrine disruptors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paraben" title=" paraben"> paraben</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20exposure" title=" prenatal exposure"> prenatal exposure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59000/prenatal-paraben-exposure-impacts-infant-overweight-development-and-in-vitro-adipogenesis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59000.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">272</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">134</span> Contributory Antioxidant Role of Testosterone and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Males Exposed to Mixed Chemicals in an Automobile Repair Community</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saheed%20A.%20Adekola">Saheed A. Adekola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mabel%20A.%20Charles-Davies"> Mabel A. Charles-Davies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ridwan%20A.%20Adekola"> Ridwan A. Adekola</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Testosterone is a known androgenic and anabolic steroid, primarily secreted in the testes. It plays an important role in the development of testes and prostate and has a range of biological actions. There is evidence that exposure to mixed chemicals in the workplace leads to the generation of free radicals and inadequate antioxidants leading to oxidative stress, which may serve as an early indicator of a pathophysiologic state. Based on findings, testosterone shows direct antioxidant effects by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes like glutathione peroxidase, thus indirectly contributing to antioxidant capacity. Objective: To evaluate the antioxidant role of testosterone as well as the relationship between testosterone and oxidative stress biomarkers in males exposed to mixed chemicals in the automobile repair community. Methods: The study included 43 participants aged 22- 60years exposed to mixed chemicals (EMC) from the automobile repair community. Forty (40) apparently healthy, unexposed, age-matched controls were recruited after informed consent. Demographic, sexual and anthropometric characteristics were obtained from pre-test structured questionnaires using standard methods. Blood samples (10mls) were collected from each subject into plain bottles and sera obtained were used for biochemical analyses. Serum levels of testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) were determined by enzyme immunoassay method, EIA (Immunometrics UK.LTD). Levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total plasma peroxide (TPP), Malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), glutathione peroxide (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and reduced glutathione (GSH) were determined using spectrophotometric methods respectively. Results obtained were analyzed using the Student’s t-test and Chi-square test for quantitative variables and qualitative variables respectively. Multiple regression was used to find associations and relationships between the variables. Results: Significant higher concentrations of TPP, MDA, OSI, H2O2 and GST were observed in EMC compared with controls (p < 0.001). Within EMC, significantly higher levels of testosterone, LH and TAC were observed in eugonadic when compared with hypogonadic participants (p < 0.001). Diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, waist height ratio and waist hip ratio were significantly higher in participants EMC compared with the controls. Sexual history and dietary intake showed that the controls had normal erection during sex and took more vegetables in their diet which may therefore be beneficial. Conclusion: The significantly increased levels of total antioxidant capacity in males exposed to mixed chemicals despite their exposure may probably reflect the contributory antioxidant role testosterone that prevents oxidative stress. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20chemicals" title="mixed chemicals">mixed chemicals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidative%20stress" title=" oxidative stress"> oxidative stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant" title=" antioxidant"> antioxidant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypogonadism%20testosterone" title=" hypogonadism testosterone"> hypogonadism testosterone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92952/contributory-antioxidant-role-of-testosterone-and-oxidative-stress-biomarkers-in-males-exposed-to-mixed-chemicals-in-an-automobile-repair-community" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92952.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">133</span> Prenatal Can Reduce the Burden of Preterm Birth and Low Birthweight from Maternal Sexually Transmitted Infections: US National Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anthony%20J.%20Kondracki">Anthony J. Kondracki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bonzo%20I.%20Reddick"> Bonzo I. Reddick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jennifer%20L.%20Barkin"> Jennifer L. Barkin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We sought to examine the association of maternal Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and treponema pallidum (TP) (syphilis) infections with preterm birth (PTB) (<37 weeks gestation), low birth weight (LBW) (<2500 grams) and prenatal care (PNC) attendance. This cross-sectional study was based on data drawn from the 2020 United States National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Natality File. We estimated the prevalence of all births, early/late PTBs, moderately/very LBW, and the distribution of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) according to maternal characteristics in the sample. In multivariable logistic regression models, we examined adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of PTB and LBW subcategories in the association with maternal/infant characteristics, PNC status, and maternal CT, NG, and TP infections. In separate logistic regression models, we assessed the risk of these newborn outcomes stratified by PNC status. Adjustments were made for race/ethnicity, age, education, marital status, health insurance, liveborn parity, previous preterm birth, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, PNC status, smoking, and infant sex. Additionally, in a sensitivity analysis, we assessed the association with early, full, and late term births and the potential impact of unmeasured confounding using the E-value. CT (1.8%) was most prevalent STI in pregnancy, followed by NG (0.3%), and TP (0.1%). Non-Hispanic Black women, 20-24 years old, with a high school education, and on Medicaid had the highest rate of STIs. Around 96.6% of women reported receiving PNC and about 60.0% initiated PNC early in pregnancy. PTB and LBW were strongly associated with NG infection (12.2% and 12.1%, respectively) and late initiation/no PNC (8.5% and 7.6%, respectively), and ≤10 prenatal visits received (13.1% and 10.3%, respectively). The odds of PTB and LBW were 2.5- to 3-foldhigher for each STI among women who received ≤10 prenatal visits than >10 visits. Adequate prenatal care utilization and timely screening and treatment of maternal STIs can substantially reduce the burden of adverse newborn outcomes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20birthweight" title="low birthweight">low birthweight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20care" title=" prenatal care"> prenatal care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preterm%20birth" title=" preterm birth"> preterm birth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sexually%20transmitted%20infections" title=" sexually transmitted infections"> sexually transmitted infections</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145381/prenatal-can-reduce-the-burden-of-preterm-birth-and-low-birthweight-from-maternal-sexually-transmitted-infections-us-national-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145381.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">132</span> Dexamethasone: Impact on Testicular Activity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadi-Guettaf%20Hassiba">Sadi-Guettaf Hassiba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadj-Bekkouche%20Fatima"> Hadj-Bekkouche Fatima</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dexamethasone (Dex) is a synthetic glucocorticoid that is used in therapy. However prolonged treatments with high doses are often required. This causes side effects that interfere with the activity of several endocrine systems, including the gonadotropic axis. The aim of our study is to determine the effect of Dex on testicular function in prepubertal Wistar rats. Newborn Wistar rats are submitted to intraperitoneal injection of Dex (1μg of Dex dissolved in NaCl 0.9% / 5g bw) for 20 days and then sacrificed at the age of 40days. A control group received NaCl 0.9%. The rat is weighed daily. The plasmatic levels of testosterone, LH and FSH were measured by radioimmunoassay. A histo-morphometric study was performed on sections of testis. Treated groups showed a significant decrease in body weight (p < 0.05), testis weight (p < 0.05) and plasma levels of testosterone (p < 0.05), of LH (P < .05) and FSH (p> 0.05). There is a reduction of seminiferous tubules average diameter and also of the seminiferous epithelium thickness with an increasing of lumen tubular. The diameter of the Leydig cells and Sertoli cell nucleus is also significantly reduced. Spermatogenesis is blocked at the stage round spermatid unlike witnesses or elongated spermatid stage is found. These results suggest that Dex administered during neonatal life influences testicular activity in the long term. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dexamethasone" title="dexamethasone">dexamethasone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FSH" title=" FSH"> FSH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LH" title=" LH"> LH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rat" title=" rat"> rat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testis" title=" testis"> testis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testosterone" title=" testosterone"> testosterone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11940/dexamethasone-impact-on-testicular-activity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11940.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">269</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">131</span> Fulfillment of Models of Prenatal Care in Adolescents from Mexico and Chile</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alejandra%20Sierra">Alejandra Sierra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gloria%20Valadez"> Gloria Valadez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adriana%20D%C3%A1valos"> Adriana Dávalos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mirliana%20Ram%C3%ADrez"> Mirliana Ramírez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For years, the Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization and other organizations have made efforts to the improve access and the quality of prenatal care as part of comprehensive programs for maternal and neonatal health, the standards of care have been renewed in order to migrate from a medical perspective to a holistic perspective. However, despite the efforts currently antenatal care models have not been verified by a scientific evaluation in order to determine their effectiveness. The teenage pregnancy is considered as a very important phenomenon since it has been strongly associated with inequalities, poverty and the lack of gender quality; therefore it is important to analyze the antenatal care that’s been given, including not only the clinical intervention but also the activities surrounding the advertising and the health education. In this study, the objective was to describe if the previously established activities (on the prenatal care models) are being performed in the care of pregnant teenagers attending prenatal care in health institutions in two cities in México and Chile during 2013. Methods: Observational and descriptive study, of a transversal cohort. 170 pregnant women (13-19 years) were included in prenatal care in two health institutions (100 women from León-Mexico and 70 from Chile-Coquimbo). Data collection: direct survey, perinatal clinical record card which was used as checklists: WHO antenatal care model WHO-2003, Official Mexican Standard NOM-007-SSA2-1993 and Personalized Service Manual on Reproductive Process- Chile Crece Contigo; for data analysis descriptive statistics were used. The project was approved by the relevant ethics committees. Results: Regarding the fulfillment of interventions focused on physical, gynecological exam, immunizations, monitoring signs and biochemical parameters in both groups was met by more than 84%; the activities of guidance and counseling pregnant teenagers in Leon compliance rates were below 50%, on the other hand, although pregnant women in Coquimbo had a higher percentage of compliance, no one reached 100%. The topics that less was oriented were: family planning, signs and symptoms of complications and labor. Conclusions: Although the coverage of the interventions indicated in the prenatal care models was high, there were still shortcomings in the fulfillment of activities to orientation, education and health promotion. Deficiencies in adherence to prenatal care guidelines could be due to different circumstances such as lack of registration or incomplete filling of medical records, lack of medical supplies or health personnel, absences of people at prenatal check-up appointments, among many others. Therefore, studies are required to evaluate the quality of prenatal care and the effectiveness of existing models, considering the role of the different actors (pregnant women, professionals and health institutions) involved in the functionality and quality of prenatal care models, in order to create strategies to design or improve the application of a complete process of promotion and prevention of maternal and child health as well as sexual and reproductive health in general. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescent%20health" title="adolescent health">adolescent health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20systems" title=" health systems"> health systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maternal%20health" title=" maternal health"> maternal health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=primary%20health%20care" title=" primary health care"> primary health care</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82838/fulfillment-of-models-of-prenatal-care-in-adolescents-from-mexico-and-chile" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82838.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">206</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20testosterone&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20testosterone&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20testosterone&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20testosterone&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20testosterone&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20testosterone&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" 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