Construction Technologies and Architecture Vol. 13

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hidden-xs"> <a class="bread-crumbs-first" href="/">Home</a><i class="inline-icon arrow-breadcrumbs"></i><a class="bread-crumbs-first" href="/CTA">Construction Technologies and Architecture</a><i class="inline-icon arrow-breadcrumbs"></i><span class="bread-crumbs-second">Construction Technologies and Architecture Vol. 13</span></div> <div class="page-name-block underline-begin"> <h1 class="page-name-block-text">Construction Technologies and Architecture Vol. 13</h1> </div> <div class="clearfix title-details"> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>Title:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p>The 13th International Civil Engineering Conference (ICEC)</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>Subtitle:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p>Selected peer-reviewed full text papers from the 13th International Civil Engineering Conference (ICEC)</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>Edited by:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p>Dr. Sarosh Hashmat Lodi, Sohail Bashir, Abdul Jabbar Sangi and Dr. Shamsoon Fareed</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>DOI:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/v-f0TP2x">https://doi.org/10.4028/v-f0TP2x</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="titleMarcXmlLink" style="display: none" class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>Export:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p><a href="/CTA.13/marc.xml">MARCXML</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>ToC:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p><a href="/CTA.13_toc.pdf">Table of Contents</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="volume-tabs"> </div> <div class=""> <div class="volume-papers-page"> <div class="block-search-pagination clearfix"> <div class="block-search-volume"> <input id="paper-search" type="search" placeholder="Search" maxlength="65"> </div> <div class="pagination-container"><ul class="pagination"><li class="active"><span>1</span></li><li><a href="/CTA.13/2">2</a></li><li><a href="/CTA.13/3">3</a></li><li class="PagedList-skipToNext"><a href="/CTA.13/2" rel="next">></a></li></ul></div> </div> <div class="block-volume-title normal-text-gray"> <p> Paper Title <span>Page</span> </p> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/CTA.13.-11">Preface</a> </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/CTA.13.3">An Experimental Study on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete by Using Human Hair Fiber as Reinforcement</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Ali Ahmer Faheem, Aqeel Ahmed, Abdul Rahim Khan, Zaheer Ahmed, Naveed Anjum, Hasnain Ahmed </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock611206" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: The growing demand for sustainable construction materials has spurred an exploration into alternative reinforcements for concrete. In recent years, human hair fibers have emerged as a promising eco-friendly option due to their abundance, cost-effectiveness, and impressive mechanical properties. Due to this study, various sources are tapped to acquire human hair fibers, which are then subjected to a series of tests to determine their physical and mechanical attributes, including tensile strength, elasticity, and aspect ratio. Following this, concrete samples are carefully prepared, with traditional coarse aggregate being partially replaced by varying volumes of human hair fibers. A comprehensive set of experiments is carried out to assess both the initial and solidified properties of the resulting hair fiber-reinforced concrete (HFRC). The mechanical features of HFRC, such as compressive strength, flexural strength, and splitting tensile strength, are scrutinized and compared to those of standard concrete. An extensive investigation into how the volume of hair fibers influences these properties is conducted, pinpointing the optimal fiber dosage. Additionally, a microstructural analysis of HFRC is conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to shed light on the connection between the hair fibers and the cementitious matrix. The research findings confirm that including human hair fibers enhances the mechanical performance of concrete. The results emphasize improved tensile strength, ductility, and resistance to cracking in HFRC when compared to traditional concrete. Furthermore, the study delves into the economic and environmental benefits of using human hair fibers as a reinforcing material. The significance of this study lies in its substantial contribution to the field of sustainable construction materials by harnessing a renewable and readily available resource. The implications of these findings for the construction industry are profound, offering an innovative way to improve the mechanical properties of concrete while simultaneously reducing its environmental impact. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock611206', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 3 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/CTA.13.11">An Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Concrete by Using Various Types of Coarse Aggregates of Different Quarries</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Shoaib Ali, Aqeel Ahmed, Abdul Rahim Khan, Zaheer Ahmed, Naveed Anjum, Moazam Ali </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock611204" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: This research study aims to conduct a comprehensive investigation of the mechanical properties of concrete in the specific context of Pakistan. It will utilize a variety of aggregate sources, including Sakhi Sarwar crush, Margallah crush, Sargodha crush, and Quetta crush. The primary objectives of the study encompass a thorough analysis of the physical and mechanical characteristics of these aggregates. Additionally, the study seeks to investigate how the choice of aggregate type affects the mechanical properties of concrete and how different mix designs impact the performance of the concrete. Ultimately, the research aims to identify the optimal mix design for each aggregate source and conduct a comparative evaluation of the resulting mechanical properties. The importance of this study lies in its potential to make a significant contribution to the construction industry in Pakistan. The findings are expected to offer valuable insights that can inform decisions regarding aggregate selection and enhance the optimization of concrete mix designs, there by leading to improved concrete performance, durability, and advancements in infrastructure development. Furthermore, this research aligns with sustainable development goals by promoting responsible consumption and production, sustainable urban development, climate action, and sustainable land use practices. It's worth noting that this study has certain limitations, such as its focus on a limited number of aggregate sources and its reliance on laboratory-based experiments. However, this research serves as a foundation for future studies and emphasizes the importance of collaboration, knowledge sharing, and ongoing research efforts to improve construction practices in Pakistan. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock611204', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 11 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/CTA.13.19">Utilization of SiO<sub>2</sub> for Assessing Bitumen Characteristics through Consistency Tests</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Muhammad Naveed Ishaq, Naveed Anjum, Zaheer Ahmed, Asad Javed, Junaid Sidiqy, Musharaf Khan </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock611200" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: Bitumen, a fundamental component of asphalt used in road construction, plays a vital role in determining the performance and longevity of pavements. The assessment of bitumen characteristics is crucial to ensure its suitability for specific applications and environmental conditions. This research paper explores the use of fumed silica, a high-purity, fine particulate form of silicon dioxide, as an additive in bitumen to improve its properties. The study investigates the impact of Fumed Silica SiO2 on the results obtained. The following tests, including the specific gravity test, penetration test, softening point test, and flash and fire test were used to determine the rheological characteristics of bitumen. In particular, the treated bitumen qualities were concentrated after performing lab testing by breaking down the rheological properties. The research aims to enhance the understanding of how SiO2 affects bitumen properties and its potential benefits in enhancing the performance of road pavements. According to this study, 0.1 wt. % of fumed silica produces the results mentioned above better than larger concentrations of fumed silica. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock611200', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 19 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/CTA.13.31">An Experiment Study of Concrete Caste with River Sand and with Varying Sizes and Percentages of Steel and Nylon Fibers</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Muhammad Adnan, Aqeel Ahmed, Zaheer Ahmed, Naveed Anjum, Munaza Komal, Khalid Hussain </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock611164" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: This research paper presents the findings of an experimental study conducted to investigate the influence of varying sizes and percentages of steel and nylon fibers on the mechanical and durability properties of concrete. The objective of this study was to explore the potential enhancements in concrete performance through fiber reinforcement, considering the two distinct fiber types - steel and nylon. A comprehensive testing program was devised, encompassing a wide range of fiber combinations to assess their individual and combined effects on concrete properties. The concrete specimens were prepared by incorporating different sizes (length and diameter) and proportions (percentage by volume) of steel and nylon fibers into the concrete mix. Mechanical properties, including compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength, were evaluated to determine the impact of fiber reinforcement on the concrete's load-bearing capacity and resistance to cracking. Additionally, the durability properties, chloride ion penetration, and abrasion resistance, were assessed to understand the potential improvement in the concrete's long-term performance under adverse environmental conditions. The experimental results revealed significant variations in the mechanical and durability properties of the fiber-reinforced concrete compared to the conventional concrete mix. Steel fibers demonstrated superior performance in enhancing the concrete's load-carrying capacity and ductility, especially at higher percentages. On the other hand, nylon fibers exhibited exceptional resistance to and abrasion, contributing to improved durability. Notably, the steel and nylon fibers exhibited synergistic effects, leading to a balanced enhancement of mechanical and durability properties. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the benefits of incorporating steel and nylon fibers in concrete, offering an effective means of optimizing the material's overall performance for diverse engineering applications. The results from this research can serve as a basis for developing more resilient and sustainable concrete structures, which can withstand harsh environmental conditions and contribute to the advancement of construction practices. Further exploration into the long-term behavior and cost-effectiveness of fiber-reinforced concrete is recommended for a comprehensive understanding of its feasibility in practical engineering applications. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock611164', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 31 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/CTA.13.41">Effect of Recycled Concrete Aggregates (RCA) for Rutting Susceptibility in Flexible Pavement</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Sajjad Ali, Arooba Ejaz </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock611005" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: The construction produced a large volume of debris. This debris may be utilized as Recycled Aggregates (RAs), especially in the pavement. RCA is widely used across the globe; it not only reduces the burden on the environment but also on natural resources. The scope of this study is to utilize recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for testing rutting susceptibility to hot mix asphalt (HMA). Physical and mechanical tests were performed to determine the behaviour of aggregates for natural and each level of RCA combined with natural aggregates. A typical binder was utilized and found qualified for use in HMA. Rutting susceptibility tests were performed on natural (controlled) and sample mixes with RCA (0–100%) at a 20% interval. It was observed that the optimum result for rutting potential was found to be at 20% of RCA. It was observed that an increase in RCA proportion results in an increase in asphalt content and, on the contrary, a decrease in rut resistance. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock611005', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 41 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/CTA.13.49">Lantana Camara Plant-Biochar Added Cementitious Mortar for Carbon Sequestration: Effect on Early-Age Properties</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Mir Hamsa Ellahi, Muhammad Salman Siddique, Sharjeel Haider Siddique, Hameed Ullah, Israr Ahmad, Anwar Khitab </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock611197" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: Present study deals with the use of nano/micro sized particles acquired through pyrolysis of biomass. Lantana Camara (plant) was transformed into Biochar, which was further reduced to nano/micro size by ball milling. Biochar was produced by pyrolysis at 550°C in an inert environment. The biochar was added to cementitious mortar mixes in quantities of 0, 0.05, and 0.1% by weight of cement. Early age properties were examined and compared with those of the control specimens. The results showed reduction in density, compressive strength and consistency and an increase in setting time, and flexural strength. It is concluded that the addition of the biochar of Lantana Camara enhances the performance of the cementitious mortars in some parameters. Hence, green, and more performing cementitious products can be manufactured by adding the biochar of the waste plant. This will also add to Carbon sequestration, which is a global point of concern. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock611197', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 49 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/CTA.13.57">Cement-Less Recycled Aggregate Concrete: A Sustainable Solution for Future Constructions in Pakistan</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Muhammad Bin Umer, Qasim Shaukat Khan, Asad Ullah Qazi, Fawad Ahmed, Muhammad Shayan Ali, Muhammad Arslan Sarwar </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock611019" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: Climate change as a result of global warming has become one of the worlds’ most pressing concerns. The release of greenhouse gases (GHG), primarily carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) emissions into the atmosphere increases global warming. The concrete is the second most used material and cement is the key element in concrete. The cement production releases GHG in the atmosphere, which increases global warming and consequently results in climate change. This research utilizes, fly ash (FA) as 100% replacement of cement in concrete, which will reduce the reliance of construction industry on the cement production and will help to reduce the adverse impacts of climate changes. Moreover, recycled aggregates (RA) prepared from construction and demolition (C&D) wastes are used as varying percentage replacements of natural aggregates (NA) in cement-less recycled aggregate concrete (CRAC), which will help to reduce the depletion of natural resources. This research investigates the influences of varying percentage replacements of NA with RA (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) and molarity of NaOH solution (12 M, 14 M and 16 M) on the compressive strength (CS) and flexural strength (FS) of CRAC mixes. A total of 15 CRAC mixes were prepared. Each mix comprised three 100 mm cube specimens and three prism specimens sized 75 mm x 75 mm x 300 mm. The research concluded that the CS and FS decreased with the increase in percentage replacements of NA with RA. Moreover, the CS and FS increased as the molarity of NaOH solution was increased from 12 M to 16 M. The CS and FS was reduced by 29.1% and 31.1% respectively at 100% replacement of NA with RA at 16 M compared to 12 M NaOH solution. The CS and FS increased by 30% and 31.9% respectively at 16 M NaOH solution compared to 12 M NaOH solution at 25% replacement of NA with RA. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock611019', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 57 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/CTA.13.67">Evaluation of Optimum Conditions for the Preparation of Banana Leaves Ash for Cement Substitute in Concrete</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Mashood Rehman, Talha Hussain, Abdul Manan </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock611244" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: Due to the increasing consumption of concrete as a construction material, the demand for Cement has increased. Since the production of cement is a non-environment friendly and highly energy-intensive process, making it and ultimately construction costlier. Therefore, researchers around the world are finding a variety of alternatives to cement, including Agro-Industrial wastes that can lead us toward sustainability. This study also aims to evaluate the pozzolanic Characteristics of Banana leaves ash prepared from waste Banana leaves of Sindh to use a substitute of cement and establish the optimum Calcination temperature and duration to develop it. For this purpose, waste Banana leaves Obtained from Tando Allahyar, Sindh Pakistan were calcinated in a Muffle furnace in the dried, crushed form at various temperatures of 500 to 1000 degree Celsius with variations of 100°C, and keeping burning duration of 0.5 hr, 1hr, and 2hr for each temperature. The resulting ash was sieved through a No. 200 Sieve, and Pozzolanic reactivity was determined using a Compressive strength test on Mortar cubes and a Strength Activity index (SAI) test. The results showed that BLA developed at 900°C for 1 hour has the highest values of compressive strength and SAI as compared to all mixes, making it qualified for Pozzolanic material as per ASTM C618. The X-ray fluorescence test also supported these findings. Based on the experimental results, it was concluded that the Banana leaves ash (BLA) calcinated at 900°C for 1 hour and sieved through No. 200 are the optimum condition that can be used as a substitute for cement to produce eco-friendly and economical concrete. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock611244', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 67 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/CTA.13.77">Designing a Material Database for the Flood-Resistant Housing</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Syed Muhammad Shahrukh Ali, Rana Rabnanwaz Ahmed </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock611823" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: Flooding has been a recurring disaster in the 21<sup>st</sup> century, with an annual average of 168 out of 370 events worldwide. According to the International Disaster Database (IDD), 57.1 million people were impacted by floods worldwide in 2022, with Pakistan accounting for 33 million people. With that massive impact, its management is of utmost importance, and fortunately, flood is not a type of disaster whose consequences cannot be mitigated. One of the obvious way is to look at the damages in retrospective way i.e., doing relief works, but it should be a less preferred choice. Rather, looking things in a prospective manner i.e., building flood-resistant houses (FRH). In literature, various flood mitigation strategies were present, which are discussed in this paper. However, it is also observed from the literature review that, the usage of various flood-resistant materials (FRM) results in improving the house ability to withstand inundation and extreme rainfall conditions. Like other developing countries, due to the global economic crises, availability of cost-effective materials for building FRH is currently a matter of concern in Pakistan. Furthermore, there is very little structured information available in the market as well. This study contributes in addressing this research gap, by designing a generic material database for FRH, and discuss its possible usage in the context of Pakistan. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock611823', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 77 </div> </div> <div class="block-bottom-pagination"> <div class="pager-info"> <p>Showing 1 to 10 of 23 Paper Titles</p> </div> <div class="pagination-container"><ul class="pagination"><li class="active"><span>1</span></li><li><a href="/CTA.13/2">2</a></li><li><a href="/CTA.13/3">3</a></li><li class="PagedList-skipToNext"><a href="/CTA.13/2" rel="next">></a></li></ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="social-icon-popup"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Scientific.Net.Ltd/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon facebook-popup-icon social-icon"></i></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/Scientific_Net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon twitter-popup-icon social-icon"></i></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/scientificnet/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon linkedin-popup-icon social-icon"></i></a> </div> </div> <div class="sc-footer"> <div class="footer-fluid"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="footer-menu col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <ul class="list-inline menu-font"> <li><a href="/ForLibraries">For Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/ForPublication/Paper">For Publication</a></li> <li><a href="/insights" target="_blank">Insights</a></li> <li><a href="/DocuCenter">Downloads</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/AboutUs">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="/PolicyAndEthics/PublishingPolicies">Policy & Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/Contacts">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/Imprint">Imprint</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/PrivacyPolicy">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/Sitemap">Sitemap</a></li> <li><a href="/Conferences">All Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="/special-issues">All Special Issues</a></li> <li><a href="/news/all">All News</a></li> <li><a href="/read-and-publish-agreements">Read & Publish Agreements</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="line-footer"></div> <div class="footer-fluid"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Scientific.Net.Ltd/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon facebook-footer-icon social-icon"></i></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/Scientific_Net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon twitter-footer-icon social-icon"></i></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/scientificnet/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon linkedin-footer-icon social-icon"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="line-footer"></div> <div class="footer-fluid"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 footer-copyright"> <p> © 2024 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. 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Construction Technologies and Architecture Vol. 13 | Scientific.Net