CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Turks of Western Thrace - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"350f8224-3fcf-4a21-9a42-a2556cab900c","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Turks_of_Western_Thrace","wgTitle":"Turks of Western Thrace","wgCurRevisionId":1252813263,"wgRevisionId":1252813263,"wgArticleId":6010248,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 French-language sources (fr)","Webarchive template wayback links","Articles with Turkish-language sources (tr)","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Short description is different from Wikidata","\"Related ethnic groups\" needing confirmation","Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters","Articles containing Turkish-language text","Articles containing Greek-language text", "All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from April 2011","Articles with unsourced statements from March 2022","Ethnic groups in Greece","Turks in Greece","Greek people of Turkish descent","Muslim communities in Europe","Middle Eastern diaspora in Greece","Western Thrace","Greek Muslims"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Turks_of_Western_Thrace","wgRelevantArticleId":6010248,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true },"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1469635","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready", "ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Thrace_region.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="794"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Thrace_region.jpg/800px-Thrace_region.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="529"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Thrace_region.jpg/640px-Thrace_region.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="423"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Turks of Western Thrace - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turks_of_Western_Thrace"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turks_of_Western_Thrace"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Turks_of_Western_Thrace rootpage-Turks_of_Western_Thrace skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Turks+of+Western+Thrace" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Turks+of+Western+Thrace" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Turks+of+Western+Thrace" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Turks+of+Western+Thrace" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Obligations_of_the_Treaty_of_Lausanne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Obligations_of_the_Treaty_of_Lausanne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Obligations of the Treaty of Lausanne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Obligations_of_the_Treaty_of_Lausanne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Members_of_the_Greek_Parliament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Members_of_the_Greek_Parliament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Members of the Greek Parliament</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Members_of_the_Greek_Parliament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greek_legislative_election,_2009" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greek_legislative_election,_2009"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Greek legislative election, 2009</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greek_legislative_election,_2009-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-European_Parliament_Elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_Parliament_Elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>European Parliament Elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_Parliament_Elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Human_rights_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Human_rights_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Human rights issues</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Human_rights_issues-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Human rights issues subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Human_rights_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citizenship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citizenship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Citizenship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citizenship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ethnic_identity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethnic_identity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Ethnic identity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethnic_identity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Freedom_of_expression" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Freedom_of_expression"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Freedom of expression</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Freedom_of_expression-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religious_freedom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_freedom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Religious freedom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religious_freedom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Incidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Incidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Incidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Incidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Migration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Migration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Migration</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Migration-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Migration subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Migration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Diaspora" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diaspora"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Diaspora</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diaspora-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Germany" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Germany"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2.1</span> <span>Germany</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Germany-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Netherlands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Netherlands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2.2</span> <span>Netherlands</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Netherlands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2.3</span> <span>United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Turks of Western Thrace</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 9 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-9" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">9 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="غربی تراکیا تورک‌لری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="غربی تراکیا تورک‌لری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westthrakient%C3%BCrken" title="Westthrakientürken – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Westthrakientürken" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%94%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%98%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BA%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Τούρκοι της Δυτικής Θράκης – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τούρκοι της Δυτικής Θράκης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turcos_de_Tracia_Occidental" title="Turcos de Tracia Occidental – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Turcos de Tracia Occidental" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Turki_di_Trakia_Barat" title="Orang Turki di Trakia Barat – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Orang Turki di Trakia Barat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vakar%C5%B3_Trakijos_turkai" title="Vakarų Trakijos turkai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vakarų Trakijos turkai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Турки Западной Фракии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Турки Западной Фракии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bat%C4%B1_Trakya_T%C3%BCrkleri" title="Batı Trakya Türkleri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Batı Trakya Türkleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%B1rk%C3%AA_Trakyay_Garb" title="Tırkê Trakyay Garb – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Tırkê Trakyay Garb" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1469635#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Turks_of_Western_Thrace" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Turks_of_Western_Thrace" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Turks_of_Western_Thrace"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Turks_of_Western_Thrace"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Turks_of_Western_Thrace" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Turks_of_Western_Thrace" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&oldid=1252813263" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&id=1252813263&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTurks_of_Western_Thrace"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTurks_of_Western_Thrace"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1469635" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Turkish ethnic minority living in Western Thrace region of Greece</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic group</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Turks of Western Thrace <br /><small>Batı Trakya Türkleri<br />Τούρκοι της Δυτικής Θράκης</small></caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Total population</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">50,000–120,000</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Western_Thrace" title="Western Thrace">Western Thrace</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">mostly <a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni Islam</a>, minority <a href="/wiki/Alevism" title="Alevism">Alevism</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Related ethnic groups</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turks</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thrace_region.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Thrace_region.jpg/250px-Thrace_region.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Thrace_region.jpg/375px-Thrace_region.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Thrace_region.jpg/500px-Thrace_region.jpg 2x" data-file-width="875" data-file-height="579" /></a><figcaption>The region of <a href="/wiki/Thrace" title="Thrace">Thrace</a>. West Thrace </figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:West_Thrace_Republic,_Turks_in_Kardzali.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/West_Thrace_Republic%2C_Turks_in_Kardzali.jpg/219px-West_Thrace_Republic%2C_Turks_in_Kardzali.jpg" decoding="async" width="219" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/West_Thrace_Republic%2C_Turks_in_Kardzali.jpg/329px-West_Thrace_Republic%2C_Turks_in_Kardzali.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/West_Thrace_Republic%2C_Turks_in_Kardzali.jpg/438px-West_Thrace_Republic%2C_Turks_in_Kardzali.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="530" /></a><figcaption>West Thrace Republic voluntary Turkish soldiers in Kardzali Streets, 1913</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist collapsible expanded"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Turkish_people" title="Category:Turkish people">a series</a> of articles on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turkish people</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Turkey.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Emblem_of_Turkey.svg/90px-Emblem_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Emblem_of_Turkey.svg/135px-Emblem_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Emblem_of_Turkey.svg/180px-Emblem_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="373" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-bottom:0; margin-bottom:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:12.5px; text-align:center; border-top:solid 1px #aaa; font-variant: small-caps;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">People</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:solid 1px #aaa"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Turkish_people" title="List of Turkish people">List of Turkish people</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-bottom:0; margin-bottom:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:12.5px; text-align:center; border-top:solid 1px #aaa; font-variant: small-caps;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_population" title="Turkish population">Population</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:solid 1px #aaa"><b>Traditional Areas of Turkish Settlement</b> <p><i><b>Turkish majorities:</b></i> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Cypriots" title="Turkish Cypriots">Northern Cyprus</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i><b>Turkish minorities in the Balkans:</b></i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Turks in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Turks" title="Bulgarian Turks">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_of_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Greece_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in Greece (disambiguation)">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Kosovo" title="Turks in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Montenegro" title="Turks in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_North_Macedonia" title="Turks in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_of_Romania" title="Turks of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Serbia" title="Turks in Serbia">Serbia</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i><b>Turkish minorities in the Caucasus:</b></i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Azerbaijan" title="Turks in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li>Georgia (<a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Abkhazia" title="Turks in Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Meskhetian_Turks" title="Meskhetian Turks">Meskhetia</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><i><b>Turkish minorities in the Levant:</b></i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Turkmens" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraqi Turkmens">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Jordan" title="Turks in Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Lebanon" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Turks" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian Turks">Syria</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i><b>Turkish minorities in North Africa:</b></i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Algeria" title="Turks in Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Egypt" title="Turks in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Libya" title="Turks in Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Tunisia" title="Turks in Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i><b>Other Turkish minorities:</b></i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Hungary" title="Turks in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Turks in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Yemen" title="Turks in Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <ul><li><b>Modern <a href="/wiki/Turkish_diaspora" title="Turkish diaspora">Turkish diasporas</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Europe" title="Turks in Europe">Turkish diasporas in Europe</a>:</b></i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Austria" title="Turks in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Belgium" title="Turks in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Denmark" title="Turks in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Finland" title="Turks in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_France" title="Turks in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Germany" title="Turks in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Ireland" title="Turks in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Italy" title="Turks in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Liechtenstein" title="Turks in Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_Netherlands" title="Turks in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Norway" title="Turks in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Poland" title="Turks in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Russia" title="Turks in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Spain" title="Turks in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Sweden" title="Turks in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Switzerland" title="Turks in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Ukraine" title="Turks in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i><b>Turkish diasporas in the Americas:</b></i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Canadian" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish Canadian">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Mexico" title="Turks in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Americans" title="Turkish Americans">United States</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i><b>Turkish diasporas in Central Asia:</b></i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Kazakhstan" title="Turks in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Kyrgyzstan" title="Turks in Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Turkmenistan" title="Turks in Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Uzbekistan" title="Turks in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i><b>Turkish diasporas in Oceania:</b></i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Australian" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish Australian">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i><b>Other Turkish diasporas:</b></i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Japan" title="Turks in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Kuwait" title="Turks in Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Pakistan" title="Turks in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Qatar" title="Turks in Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_South_Africa" title="Turks in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-bottom:0; margin-bottom:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:12.5px; text-align:center; border-top:solid 1px #aaa; font-variant: small-caps;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Turkey" title="History of Turkey">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:solid 1px #aaa"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistory_of_Anatolia" title="Prehistory of Anatolia">Prehistory of Anatolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistory_of_the_Balkans" class="mw-redirect" title="Prehistory of the Balkans">Prehistory of Eastern Thrace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Anatolia" title="Classical Anatolia">Classical Anatolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Anatolia" title="Byzantine Anatolia">Byzantine Anatolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seljuq_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Seljuq dynasty">The Seljuqs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatolian_beyliks" title="Anatolian beyliks">Anatolian beyliks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Republic_of_Turkey" title="History of the Republic of Turkey">Republic of Turkey</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-bottom:0; margin-bottom:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:12.5px; text-align:center; border-top:solid 1px #aaa; font-variant: small-caps;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Turkey" title="Culture of Turkey">Culture</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:solid 1px #aaa"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Turkey" title="Architecture of Turkey">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_art" title="Turkish art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_carpet" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish carpet">Carpets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Turkey" title="Cinema of Turkey">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_cuisine" title="Turkish cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Culture of the Ottoman Empire">Culture of the Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish dance">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_festivals_in_Turkey" title="List of festivals in Turkey">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_folklore" title="Turkish folklore">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_literature" title="Turkish literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_miniature" title="Ottoman miniature">Miniature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Turkey" title="Music of Turkey">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evil_eye" title="Evil eye">Nazar boncuğu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Turkey" title="Public holidays in Turkey">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karag%C3%B6z_and_Hacivat" title="Karagöz and Hacivat">Shadow plays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Turkey" title="Sport in Turkey">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Turkey" title="Theatre of Turkey">Theatre</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-bottom:0; margin-bottom:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:12.5px; text-align:center; border-top:solid 1px #aaa; font-variant: small-caps;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Languages</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:solid 1px #aaa"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypriot_Turkish" title="Cypriot Turkish">Cypriot Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Turkish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Turkish language">Ottoman Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karamanli_Turkish" title="Karamanli Turkish">Karamanli Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Anatolian_Turkish" title="Old Anatolian Turkish">Old Anatolian Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oghuz_languages" title="Oghuz languages">Oghuz</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkic_languages" title="Turkic languages">Turkic</a> & <a href="/wiki/Altaic_languages" title="Altaic languages">Altaic</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-bottom:0; margin-bottom:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:12.5px; text-align:center; border-top:solid 1px #aaa; font-variant: small-caps;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Turkey" title="Religion in Turkey">Religion</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:solid 1px #aaa"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atat%C3%BCrk%27s_Reforms" class="mw-redirect" title="Atatürk's Reforms">Atatürk's Reforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularism_in_Turkey" title="Secularism in Turkey">Secularism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_Turkey" title="Freedom of religion in Turkey">Freedom of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Religious_Affairs" title="Presidency of Religious Affairs">Presidency of Religious Affairs</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Turkey" title="Islam in Turkey">Islam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Template:Mosques_in_Turkey" title="Template:Mosques in Turkey">Mosques</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Turkey" title="Christianity in Turkey">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Turkey" title="History of the Jews in Turkey">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%27%C3%AD_Faith_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahá'í Faith in Turkey">Bahá'í Faith</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding-top:0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Turkish_people" title="Template:Turkish people"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Turkish_people" title="Template talk:Turkish people"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Turkish_people" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Turkish people"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Turks of Western Thrace</b> (<a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>: <i lang="tr"><span style="padding-right:0.15em;">Batı Trakya Türkleri</span></i>; <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Τούρκοι της Δυτικής Θράκης</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Greek" title="Romanization of Greek">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Greek-language romanization"><i lang="el-Latn">Toúrkoi tis Dytikís Thrákis</i></span>) are <a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">ethnic Turks</a> who live in <a href="/wiki/Western_Thrace" title="Western Thrace">Western Thrace</a>, in the province of <a href="/wiki/East_Macedonia_and_Thrace" class="mw-redirect" title="East Macedonia and Thrace">East Macedonia and Thrace</a> in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Greece" title="Northern Greece">Northern Greece</a>. </p><p>According to the Greek census of 1991, there were approximately 50,000 of Turkish origin in Western Thrace, out of the approximately 98,000 strong <a href="/wiki/Muslim_minority_of_Greece" title="Muslim minority of Greece">Muslim minority of Greece</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other sources estimate the size of the Muslim community between 90,000 and 120,000.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitman_1990_loc=i_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitman_1990_loc=i-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their community of Western Thrace is not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Pomaks" title="Pomaks">Pomaks</a> nor with <a href="/wiki/Muslim_Roma" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim Roma">Muslim Roma</a> people of the same region, counting 35% and 15% of the Muslim minority respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Due to the multiethnic character of the <a href="/wiki/Muslim_minority_of_Greece" title="Muslim minority of Greece">Muslim minority of Greece</a>, which includes <a href="/wiki/Greek_Muslims" title="Greek Muslims">Greek Muslims</a>, Turks, Pomaks and Roma Muslims, the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Greece" title="Government of Greece">Government of Greece</a> does not refer to it by a specific ethnic background, nor does recognize any of these ethnicities, including the Turks, as separate ethnic minority in Western Thrace,<sup id="cite_ref-Whitman_1990_loc=i_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitman_1990_loc=i-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> instead referring to the whole Muslim minority on religious grounds, as the "Muslim Minority of Western Thrace" or "Greek Muslims". This is in accordance with the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lausanne" title="Treaty of Lausanne">Treaty of Lausanne</a> to which Greece, along with <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, is a signature member. The Lausanne Treaty, along with the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Constitution">Greek Constitution</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Charter_of_Fundamental_Rights_of_the_European_Union" title="Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union">Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union</a>, enshrines the fundamental rights of the Turks and other ethnic groups of <a href="/wiki/East_Macedonia_and_Thrace" class="mw-redirect" title="East Macedonia and Thrace">East Macedonia and Thrace</a> and the obligations towards them. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:20060515_Balkanatolia_Music_Group_from_Komotini_Rhodope_Greece_8.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/20060515_Balkanatolia_Music_Group_from_Komotini_Rhodope_Greece_8.jpg/250px-20060515_Balkanatolia_Music_Group_from_Komotini_Rhodope_Greece_8.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/20060515_Balkanatolia_Music_Group_from_Komotini_Rhodope_Greece_8.jpg/375px-20060515_Balkanatolia_Music_Group_from_Komotini_Rhodope_Greece_8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/20060515_Balkanatolia_Music_Group_from_Komotini_Rhodope_Greece_8.jpg/500px-20060515_Balkanatolia_Music_Group_from_Komotini_Rhodope_Greece_8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="780" /></a><figcaption>Western Thracian Turkish band Balkanatolia (2006)</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Greece" title="Ottoman Greece">Ottoman Greece</a>, <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Western_Thrace" title="Provisional Government of Western Thrace">Provisional Government of Western Thrace</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Population_exchange_between_Greece_and_Turkey" title="Population exchange between Greece and Turkey">Population exchange between Greece and Turkey</a></div> <p>Parts of Western Thrace were overrun by the expanding <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> in 1354 and remained in Ottoman control until 1913. During this time, the Turkish community grew to outnumber the Greek community four to one and owned close to 84% of the land. By August 31, 1913, the Turks of Western Thrace had formed the first 'Turkish republic', the <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Western_Thrace" title="Provisional Government of Western Thrace">Provisional Government of Western Thrace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, it was taken over by the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Bulgaria">Kingdom of Bulgaria</a> on October 25, 1913, which had been victorious in the <a href="/wiki/First_Balkan_War" title="First Balkan War">First Balkan War</a>. <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> occupied the area at the end of the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a>, following the defeat of Bulgaria, and it passed into Greek hands under the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_S%C3%A8vres" title="Treaty of Sèvres">Treaty of Sèvres</a> in August 1920.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under a protocol of the same year, the Turks of Western Thrace were exempted from the 1922–1923 <a href="/wiki/Exchange_of_populations_between_Greece_and_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Exchange of populations between Greece and Turkey">exchange of populations agreement between Greece and Turkey</a> and were granted rights within the framework of the <a href="/wiki/Lausanne_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Lausanne Treaty">Lausanne Treaty</a>. However, since 1923, between 300,000 and 400,000 Turks have left Western Thrace most of which have immigrated to <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hirschon_2003_loc=107_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hirschon_2003_loc=107-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Whitman_1990_loc=2_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitman_1990_loc=2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The actual Ottoman-era Greek Muslims of <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(Greece)" title="Macedonia (Greece)">Macedonia</a> had been included among those 'Turks' expatriated to Turkey in 1924. including the <a href="/wiki/Vallahades" title="Vallahades">Vallahades</a>. In contrast, the Western Thrace Turks are completely distinct from those referred to as Greek Muslims and were exempt from the terms of the population exchange. </p><p>A number of estimates and censuses during the 1912–1920 period gave the following results about the ethnic distribution of the area that would become known as Western Thrace:<sup id="cite_ref-Aarbakke_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aarbakke-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="250" align="center" rules="all" style="margin: 1em; background: #ffffff; border: 2px solid #aaa; font-size: 100%;"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#DDDDDD"> <td colspan="9" align="center">General Distribution of Population in Western Thrace (1912–1920) </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#f0f0f0" align="center"> <th>Census/Estimate </th> <th>Muslims </th> <th>Pomaks </th> <th>Bulgarians </th> <th>Greeks </th> <th>Others </th> <th>Total </th></tr> <tr> <td>1912 estimate</td> <td>120,000</td> <td>–</td> <td>40,000</td> <td>60,000</td> <td>4,000</td> <td>224,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1919 Bulgarian</td> <td>79,539</td> <td>17,369</td> <td>87,941</td> <td>28,647</td> <td>10,922</td> <td>224,418 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1919 Bulgarian</td> <td>77,726</td> <td>20,309</td> <td>81,457</td> <td>32,553</td> <td>8,435</td> <td>220,480 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1920 French</td> <td>74,730</td> <td>11,848</td> <td>54,092</td> <td>56,114</td> <td>7,906</td> <td>204,690 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1920 Greek</td> <td>93,273</td> <td>–</td> <td>25,677</td> <td>74,416</td> <td>6,038</td> <td>201,404 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Pomak population depending on the source was sometimes counted together with the Turks according to the Ottoman system of classifying people depending on religion, while in other occasions was specified separately. On the other hand, according to the Bulgarian view, they are considered "Bulgarian Muslims" and an integral part of the Bulgarian nation.<sup id="cite_ref-Aarbakke_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aarbakke-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the Turkish thesis, as it was presented at Lausanne Peace Conference (1920), the general distribution of population in Western Thrace was as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-Öksüz_2004_loc=255_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Öksüz_2004_loc=255-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="80%" align="center" rules="all" style="margin: 1em; background: #ffffff; border: 2px solid #aaa; font-size: 100%;"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#DDDDDD"> <td colspan="8" align="center">Turkish thesis on the General Distribution of Population in Western Thrace in 1920 (before the population exchange)<sup id="cite_ref-Öksüz_2004_loc=255_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Öksüz_2004_loc=255-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#f0f0f0" align="center"> <th>Cities </th> <th align="center">Turks </th> <th align="center">Greeks </th> <th align="center">Bulgarians </th> <th align="center">Jews </th> <th align="center">Armenians </th> <th align="center">Total </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Komotini" title="Komotini">Komotini</a></td> <td>59,967 (74.8%)</td> <td>8,834 (11%)</td> <td>9,997 (12.5%)</td> <td>1,007 (1.3%)</td> <td>360 (0.4%)</td> <td>80,165 (100%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexandroupolis" title="Alexandroupolis">Alexandroupolis</a></td> <td>11,744 (42.7%)</td> <td>4,800 (17.5%)</td> <td>10,227 (37.2%)</td> <td>253 (0.9%)</td> <td>449 (1.6%)</td> <td>27,473 (100%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Soufli" title="Soufli">Soufli</a></td> <td>14,736 (46.4%)</td> <td>11,542 (36.3%)</td> <td>5,490 (17.3%)</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>31,768 (100%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Xanthi" title="Xanthi">Xanthi</a></td> <td>42,671 (81.7%)</td> <td>8,728 (16.7%)</td> <td>522 (1%)</td> <td>220 (0.4%)</td> <td>114 (0.2%)</td> <td>52,255 (100%) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Total</td> <td>129,120 (67.4%)</td> <td>33,910 (17.7%)</td> <td>26,266 (13.7%)</td> <td>1,480 (0.8%)</td> <td>923 (0.5%)</td> <td>191,699 (100%) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>During Ottoman rule before 1912, Greeks constituted a minority in the region of <a href="/wiki/Western_Thrace" title="Western Thrace">Western Thrace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/Balkan_Wars" title="Balkan Wars">Balkan Wars</a> and <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> the demography of the region was changed. While groups such as the Turks and Bulgarians decreased, the Greek population increased by the resettlement of ten thousands of Greek refugees from other areas of the Ottoman Empire, after the flight of the Greek refugees from <a href="/wiki/Asia_Minor" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia Minor">Asia Minor</a>, as a result of the <a href="/wiki/Greco-Turkish_War_(1919-1922)" class="mw-redirect" title="Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922)">Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922)</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Greek_genocide" title="Greek genocide">Greek genocide</a> and the subsequent <a href="/wiki/Population_exchange_between_Greece_and_Turkey" title="Population exchange between Greece and Turkey">population exchange between Greece and Turkey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of all Greek Asia Minor refugees (around 1.2 million),<sup id="cite_ref-Gibney_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gibney-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 8% of them were resettled in Western Thrace.<sup id="cite_ref-Huseyinoglu_2012_123_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Huseyinoglu_2012_123-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Greek government's reason to settle the refugees in this region was to strengthen the Greek presence in the newly acquired provinces and the <a href="/wiki/Monoculturalism" title="Monoculturalism">homogenization</a> of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-Huseyinoglu_2012_123_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Huseyinoglu_2012_123-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Greek government especially resettled the refugees in Komotini, Xanthi and Sapes regions where the majority of Muslim Turks lived.<sup id="cite_ref-Huseyinoglu_2012_123_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Huseyinoglu_2012_123-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="80%" align="center" rules="all" style="margin: 1em; background: #ffffff; border: 2px solid #aaa; font-size: 100%;"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#DDDDDD"> <td colspan="8" align="center">General Distribution of Population in Western Thrace in 1923, presented by the Greek delegation in Laussane (after the relocation of Asia Minor refugees)<sup id="cite_ref-Huseyinoglu_2012_123_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Huseyinoglu_2012_123-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#f0f0f0" align="center"> <th>Districts </th> <th>Total </th> <th>Total Greeks </th> <th>Local Greeks </th> <th>Relocated Greek refugees </th> <th>Turks </th> <th>Bulgarians </th> <th>Jews </th> <th>Armenians </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Komotini" title="Komotini">Komotini</a></td> <td>104,108</td> <td>45,516</td> <td>11,386</td> <td>33,770</td> <td>50,081</td> <td>6,609</td> <td>1,112</td> <td>1,183 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexandroupolis" title="Alexandroupolis">Alexandroupolis</a></td> <td>38,553</td> <td>26,856</td> <td>9,228</td> <td>17,518</td> <td>2,705</td> <td>9,102</td> <td>–</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Soufli" title="Soufli">Soufli</a></td> <td>32,299</td> <td>25,758</td> <td>11,517</td> <td>14,211</td> <td>5,454</td> <td>1,117</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Xanthi" title="Xanthi">Xanthi</a></td> <td>64,744</td> <td>36,859</td> <td>18,249</td> <td>18,613</td> <td>27,882</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Didymoteicho" title="Didymoteicho">Didymoteicho</a></td> <td>34,621</td> <td>31,408</td> <td>21,759</td> <td>9,649</td> <td>3,213</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Orestiada" title="Orestiada">Orestiada</a></td> <td>39,386</td> <td>33,764</td> <td>22,087</td> <td>11,677</td> <td>6,072</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td>Total</td> <td>314,235</td> <td>199,664 (63.5%)</td> <td>94,226 (30.0%)</td> <td>105,438 (33.6%)</td> <td>95,407 (30.4%)</td> <td>16,828 (5.4%)</td> <td>1,112 (0.4%)</td> <td>1,183 (0.4%) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Greece" title="Demographics of Greece">Demographics of Greece</a></div> <p>The Turkish community has a strong presence in the <a href="/wiki/Komotini" title="Komotini">Komotini</a> (<a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>: <i lang="tr">Gümülcine</i>) and <a href="/wiki/Xanthi" title="Xanthi">Xanthi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>: <i lang="tr">İskeçe</i>) departments of <a href="/wiki/East_Macedonia_and_Thrace" class="mw-redirect" title="East Macedonia and Thrace">East Macedonia and Thrace</a>, while it is scarcely present in the <a href="/wiki/Evros_prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Evros prefecture">Evros prefecture</a>, the closest to the international boundary with Turkey. According to estimates, Muslims as a whole, represented 36–38% of the Rhodopi Department population, 12–24% in the Xanthi Department and less than 5% in the Evros Department.<sup id="cite_ref-kotzamanis2008_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kotzamanis2008-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Language">Language</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Greece" title="Languages of Greece">Languages of Greece</a></div> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a>, in 1976 the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish language</a> was spoken by 128,000 people in Greece, the majority of whom are located in the Western Thrace portion of the province of <a href="/wiki/East_Macedonia_and_Thrace" class="mw-redirect" title="East Macedonia and Thrace">East Macedonia and Thrace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek language</a> is also widely used.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <table cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" width="350" align="center" rules="all" style="margin: 1em; background: #ffffff; border: 2px solid #aaa; font-size: 100%;"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#DDDDDD"> <td colspan="8" align="center">The Muslims of Western Thrace between 1919 and 1995<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#f0f0f0" align="center"> <th>Census/ statistics </th> <th>Total </th> <th>Turks </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Pomaks" title="Pomaks">Pomaks</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people">Roma</a> </th> <th>Others </th></tr> <tr> <td>Bulgarian 1919 (A)</td> <td>96,908</td> <td>79,539</td> <td>17,369</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bulgarian 1919 (B)</td> <td>98.035</td> <td>77,726</td> <td>20,309</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td>French 1920</td> <td>86,578</td> <td>74,730</td> <td>11,848</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td>Greek 1920 3rd version</td> <td>100,491</td> <td>93,522</td> <td>6,969</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td>Greek official 1928</td> <td>102,621</td> <td>84,585</td> <td>16,740</td> <td><1,023</td> <td>? </td></tr> <tr> <td>Greek official 1951</td> <td>105,092</td> <td>85,945</td> <td>18,664</td> <td>303</td> <td>180 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Turkish MFA (1995)</td> <td>150,000</td> <td>?</td> <td>?</td> <td>?</td> <td>? </td></tr> <tr> <td>Greek MFA (1995)</td> <td>120,000</td> <td>~60,000</td> <td>~42,000</td> <td>~18,000</td> <td>- </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Obligations_of_the_Treaty_of_Lausanne">Obligations of the Treaty of Lausanne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Obligations of the Treaty of Lausanne"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Article 37 through 45 of the <a href="/wiki/Lausanne_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Lausanne Treaty">Lausanne Treaty</a> set forth the obligations of the Greek and Turkish governments to protect the Turkish and Greek minorities in their territories. Each country agreed to provide the following:<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Protection of life and liberty without regard to birth, nationality, language, race or religion</li> <li>Free exercise of religion</li> <li>Freedom of movement and of emigration</li> <li>Equality before the law</li> <li>The same civil and political rights enjoyed by the majority</li> <li>Free use of language in private, in commerce, in religion, the press and publications, at public meetings and in the courts</li> <li>The right to establish and control charitable, religious and social institutions and schools</li> <li>Primary schools in which instruction is given in both languages</li> <li>Full protection for religious establishments and pious foundation</li></ul> <p>The Lausanne Treaty defined the rights of the Muslim communities in Western Thrace, on the basis of religion, not ethnicity, as well as maintained a balance between the minority communities of both countries (Turks in Greece and <a href="/wiki/Greeks_in_Turkey" title="Greeks in Turkey">Greeks in Turkey</a>) on reciprocal obligations toward each of those minorities. The Treaty contained specific obligations for their cultural and religious rights. These have been largely respected, in contrast to measures taken by successive Turkish governments against the Greek minority in Turkey (like forced labor battalions, the <a href="/wiki/Istanbul_pogrom" title="Istanbul pogrom">Istanbul pogrom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Varlik_Vergisi" class="mw-redirect" title="Varlik Vergisi">Varlik Vergisi</a>), a minority that is nearly eliminated today (from 70,000 in 1923 to 3,000 in 2000).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Members_of_the_Greek_Parliament">Members of the Greek Parliament</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Members of the Greek Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1990 a new electoral law was enacted in Greece, which set a threshold of at least 3% of the nationwide vote for a party to be represented in the parliament. Consequently, independent Turkish MPs were barred from election at the 1993 elections. Since then the Turkish minority in the <a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Parliament" title="Hellenic Parliament">Hellenic Parliament</a> has been represented by Turkish deputies belonging to nationwide political parties, and the <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Friendship,_Equality_and_Peace" title="Party of Friendship, Equality and Peace">Party of Friendship, Equality and Peace</a>, which succeeded the Independent Muslim List in 1991, practically disappeared from the electoral scene.<sup id="cite_ref-hersant2009_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hersant2009-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#DDDDDD"> <td colspan="8" align="center">Turkish MPs from Rhodopi and Xanthi<sup id="cite_ref-hersant2009_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hersant2009-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th>election </th> <th>elected Turkish MPs </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Greek_legislative_election,_June_1989" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek legislative election, June 1989">1989 (June)</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sadik_Achmet" title="Sadik Achmet">Sadik Achmet</a> (Independent Muslim List) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Greek_legislative_election,_November_1989" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek legislative election, November 1989">1989 (November)</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Molla" title="Ismail Molla">Ismail Molla</a> (Independent Muslim List) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Greek_legislative_election,_1990" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek legislative election, 1990">1990</a> </td> <td>Sadik Achmet, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Achmet_Faikoglou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Achmet Faikoglou (page does not exist)">Achmet Faikoglou</a> (Independent Muslim List) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Greek_legislative_election,_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek legislative election, 1993">1993</a> </td> <td>none </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Greek_legislative_election,_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek legislative election, 1996">1996</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moustafa_Moustafa" class="mw-redirect" title="Moustafa Moustafa">Moustafa Moustafa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Synaspism%C3%B3s" class="mw-redirect" title="Synaspismós">Synaspismós</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Galip_Galip&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galip Galip (page does not exist)">Galip Galip</a> (<a href="/wiki/Panhellenic_Socialist_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Panhellenic Socialist Movement">PASOK</a>, architect),<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Birol_Akifoglou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Birol Akifoglou (page does not exist)">Birol Akifoglou</a> (ND) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Greek_legislative_election,_2000" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek legislative election, 2000">2000</a> </td> <td>Galip Galip (PASOK), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mechmet_Achmet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mechmet Achmet (page does not exist)">Mechmet Achmet</a> (PASOK; Mechmet Achmet, already elected in 1981, was not directly elected in 2000, but he acted so that the elected MP, Hrissa Manolia, was forced to abandon her seat because she had not relinquished her other political mandate at the local level)<sup id="cite_ref-hersant2009_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hersant2009-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Greek_legislative_election,_2004" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek legislative election, 2004">2004</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ilchan_Achmet" title="Ilchan Achmet">Ilchan Achmet</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_Democracy_(Greece)" title="New Democracy (Greece)">New Democracy</a>, lawyer) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Greek_legislative_election,_2007" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek legislative election, 2007">2007</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tsetin_Mantatzi" title="Tsetin Mantatzi">Tsetin Mantatzi</a> (PASOK), <a href="/wiki/Achmet_Chatziosman" class="mw-redirect" title="Achmet Chatziosman">Achmet Chatziosman</a> (PASOK) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Greek_legislative_election,_2009" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek legislative election, 2009">2009</a> </td> <td>Tsetin Mantatzi (PASOK), Achmet Chatziosman (PASOK) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Greek_legislative_election,_May_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek legislative election, May 2012">2012</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aichan_Kara_Giousouf" title="Aichan Kara Giousouf">Aichan Kara Giousouf</a> (<a href="/wiki/Coalition_of_the_Radical_Left" class="mw-redirect" title="Coalition of the Radical Left">Syriza</a>, dentist), <a href="/wiki/Chousein_Zeimpek" title="Chousein Zeimpek">Chousein Zeimpek</a> (Syriza, pharmacist), Achmet Chatziosman (PASOK)<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Greek_legislative_election,_January_2015" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek legislative election, January 2015">2015</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rhodope_(regional_unit)" title="Rhodope (regional unit)">Rhodopi</a>: Moustafa Moustafa, Aichan Kara Giousouf (<a href="/wiki/Coalition_of_the_Radical_Left" class="mw-redirect" title="Coalition of the Radical Left">Syriza</a>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.azinlikca.net/bati-trakya-haber/iste-rodop-ilinde-butun-milletvekili-adaylarinin-aldigi-oylar-1262015.html">[6]</a>. <p><a href="/wiki/Xanthi" title="Xanthi">Xanthi</a>: <a href="/wiki/Chousein_Zeimpek" title="Chousein Zeimpek">Chousein Zeimpek</a> (Syriza) <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.azinlikca.net/bati-trakya-haber/iste-iskece-ilinde-butun-milletvekili-adaylarinin-aldigi-oylar-1262015.html">[7]</a> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Greek_legislative_election,_2009"><span id="Greek_legislative_election.2C_2009"></span>Greek legislative election, 2009</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Greek legislative election, 2009"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are presently two Turkish MPs from the Western Thrace portion of <a href="/wiki/East_Macedonia_and_Thrace" class="mw-redirect" title="East Macedonia and Thrace">East Macedonia and Thrace</a>, both of whom are affiliated to the Panhellenic Socialist Movement: <a href="/wiki/Tsetin_Mantatzi" title="Tsetin Mantatzi">Tsetin Mantatzi</a> (Xanthi) and <a href="/wiki/Achmet_Chatziosman" class="mw-redirect" title="Achmet Chatziosman">Achmet Chatziosman</a> (Rhodope), former president (1999–2007) of the <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Friendship,_Equality_and_Peace" title="Party of Friendship, Equality and Peace">Party of Friendship, Equality and Peace</a> created by former (1989) MP <a href="/wiki/Sadik_Achmet" title="Sadik Achmet">Sadik Achmet</a> in 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At least 14 candidates from the Turkish minority have been nominated, mainly in Rhodope and Xanthi.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For New Democracy, former MP (2004–2007) <a href="/wiki/Ilchan_Achmet" title="Ilchan Achmet">Ilchan Achmet</a> and Achmet Achmet are candidates in Rhodope,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in Xanthi Aisel Zeimpek and Achmet Mpountour.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zeimpek had lost her Greek citizenship under Article 19 of the Greek Citizenship Code, which allowed of its revocation for non-ethnic Greeks who left the country.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After a lengthy legal battle, she finally won her case with a second appeal before the European Court of Human Rights and re-secured her Greek citizenship in 2001. </p><p>For PASOK, Tsetin Mantatzi and Seval Osmanoglou are among the 5 candidates in Xanthi, Rintvan Kotzamoumin and Achmet Chatziosman among the 5 in Rhodope.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For the KKE (which presently has no MP in Xanthi or Rhodope), Faik Faik in Rhodope and Chasan Efendi in Xanthi. </p><p>For SYRIZA (which presently has no MP in Xanthi or Rhodope), Chasan Malkots and Chousein Zeimpek are candidates in Xanthi,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in Rhodope<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dr. <a href="/wiki/Moustafa_Moustafa" class="mw-redirect" title="Moustafa Moustafa">Moustafa Moustafa</a> (former MP) and Tzelalentin Giourtsou.<sup id="cite_ref-zaman_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zaman-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_Parliament_Elections">European Parliament Elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: European Parliament Elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece_result.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece_result.svg/330px-2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece_result.svg.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece_result.svg/495px-2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece_result.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece_result.svg/660px-2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece_result.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1012" data-file-height="847" /></a><figcaption><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:green; color:white;"> </span> Turkish minority's <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Friendship,_Equality_and_Peace" title="Party of Friendship, Equality and Peace">Party of Friendship, Equality and Peace</a> emerged as the first party in <a href="/wiki/Xanthi_(regional_unit)" title="Xanthi (regional unit)">Xanthi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rhodope_(regional_unit)" title="Rhodope (regional unit)">Rhodope</a> in <a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="2019 European Parliament election in Greece">2019 European Parliament elections</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="2014 European Parliament election in Greece">2014</a> and <a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="2019 European Parliament election in Greece">2019 European Parliament election in Greece</a>, <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Friendship,_Equality_and_Peace" title="Party of Friendship, Equality and Peace">Party of Friendship, Equality and Peace</a> (DEB) has emerged as the first party in <a href="/wiki/Xanthi_(regional_unit)" title="Xanthi (regional unit)">Xanthi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rhodope_(regional_unit)" title="Rhodope (regional unit)">Rhodope</a> regional units, under Moustafa Ali Tsavous, and most currently under <a href="/wiki/Tsidem_Asafoglou" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsidem Asafoglou">Tsidem Asafoglou</a>, respectively. In 2019 elections, DEB received 38% of the votes in Xanthi regional unit and 25.24% of the votes in Rhodope regional unit.<sup id="cite_ref-2019results_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2019results-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> DEB also received 1.30% of the votes in <a href="/wiki/Evros_(regional_unit)" title="Evros (regional unit)">Evros</a> regional unit. While in the overall region of <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Macedonia_and_Thrace" title="Eastern Macedonia and Thrace">Eastern Macedonia and Thrace</a>, the party came in as the 3rd biggest party after top 2 national parties <a href="/wiki/New_Democracy_(Greece)" title="New Democracy (Greece)">New Democracy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Syriza" title="Syriza">Syriza</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Human_rights_issues">Human rights issues</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Human rights issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Greece" title="Human rights in Greece">Human rights in Greece</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citizenship">Citizenship</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Citizenship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the former Article 19 of the 1955 Citizenship Law (No. 3370), a person of non-Greek ethnic origin leaving Greece without the intention of returning may be declared as having lost Greek nationality. According to the Greek government, between 1955 and 1998, approximately 60,000 Greek Muslim individuals, predominantly Turkish, were deprived of their citizenship under Article 19. Of these 60,000, approximately 7,182 lost their citizenship between 1981 and 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-hrw.org_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hrw.org-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The application of this law to the Turks of Western Thrace was a retaliatory measure in response to the devastating state-sponsored pogrom which <a href="/wiki/Istanbul_pogrom" title="Istanbul pogrom">targeted the Greeks of Istanbul</a> in September 1955.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pogrom precipitated an exodus of ethnic Greeks from Turkey. Article 19 was repealed in 1998, though not retroactively.<sup id="cite_ref-hrw.org_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hrw.org-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnic_identity">Ethnic identity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Ethnic identity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since the Treaty of Lausanne used the criterion of religion to refer to the ethnic communities, the Greek Government has usually insisted that the basis of identification of a minority is religious and not ethnic (or national).<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Successive Greek Government policies refused to acknowledge the existence of an ethnic Turkish community in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Greece" title="Northern Greece">Northern Greece</a>, and insisted on referring to Western Thrace Turks as <a href="/wiki/Greek_Muslims" title="Greek Muslims">Greek Muslims</a>, suggesting that they were not of ethnic Turkish origin but were the descendants of Ottoman-era Greek converts to Islam like the <a href="/wiki/Vallahades" title="Vallahades">Vallahades</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Greek_Muslims" title="Greek Muslims">Greek Muslims</a> of <a href="/wiki/Greek_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Macedonia">Greek Macedonia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This policy was introduced immediately after the unilateral <a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Independence_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Declaration of Independence of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus">declaration of independence</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus">Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus</a> in 1983 on lands that once had an 82% Greek majority before becoming <a href="/wiki/Refugees" class="mw-redirect" title="Refugees">refugees</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_invasion_of_Cyprus" title="Turkish invasion of Cyprus">Turkish invasion</a> in 1974. The Greek government declared that it was a measure to avert the possibility of the Greek region of <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Macedonia_and_Thrace" title="Eastern Macedonia and Thrace">Eastern Macedonia and Thrace</a> becoming a "second Cyprus" sometime in the future or of being <a href="/wiki/Cession" title="Cession">ceded</a> to <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> on the basis of the ethnic origin of its Muslim inhabitants.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Greek courts have also outlawed the use of the word 'Turkish' to describe the Turkish community. In 1988, the Greek Supreme Court affirmed a 1986 decision of the Court of Appeals of Thrace in which the <i>Union of Turkish Associations of Western Thrace</i> was ordered closed. The court held that the use of the word 'Turkish' referred to <a href="/wiki/Turkish_nationality_law" title="Turkish nationality law">citizens of Turkey</a>, and could not be used to describe <a href="/wiki/Greek_nationality_law" title="Greek nationality law">citizens of Greece</a>; the use of the word 'Turkish' to describe Greek Muslims was held to endanger public order.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This led to about 10,000 people demonstrating against the decision in Western Thrace. According to members of the Turkish minority, it was the first time ethnic Turks had taken to the streets.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Freedom_of_expression">Freedom of expression</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Freedom of expression"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>More than 10 newspapers are issued in the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish language</a>. According to some sources, newspapers, magazines and books published in Turkey are not allowed entry into Western Thrace,<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Turkish television and radio stations are sometimes jammed.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to other sources, the minority has full and independent access to its own newspapers radio, television, and other written media coming from Turkey, regardless of their content.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religious_freedom">Religious freedom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Religious freedom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the Treaty of Lausanne, the Muslim minority is entitled to <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion" title="Freedom of religion">freedom of religion</a> and to the right to control charitable and religious institutions. However, the Turkish community believes that these international law guarantees have been violated by the Greek government<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by denying permission to repair or rebuild old <a href="/wiki/Mosques" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosques">mosques</a> or to build new mosques, by denying the right to choose the <a href="/wiki/Muftis" class="mw-redirect" title="Muftis">muftis</a> (this chief religious officers), and by efforts to control the Turkish communities charitable foundations.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to another source, more than five new mosques are being built in the prefecture of Xanthi alone and 19 new mosques are being built in the prefecture of Rhodope alone, while in the same prefecture the number of mosques exceeds 160.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Incidents">Incidents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Incidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to a report by a local organization there have been frequent (six in 2010 and three in the first months of 2011) attacks against the private and public property of Turks in Western Thrace. Among the recent incidents are three in 2010 (in Kahveci, Kırmahalle, Popos and Ifestos at Komotini) where attackers desecrated Turkish cemeteries and broke tombstones. There were also attacks against mosques, Turkish associations and Turkish consulates, attackers used methods like throwing stones, molotov bombs and damaging buildings.<sup id="cite_ref-ABTTF_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABTTF-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hurriyet_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hurriyet-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Migration">Migration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Migration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Diaspora">Diaspora</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Diaspora"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bat%C4%B1_Trakya_Vakf%C4%B1_Cami.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Bat%C4%B1_Trakya_Vakf%C4%B1_Cami.jpg/200px-Bat%C4%B1_Trakya_Vakf%C4%B1_Cami.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Bat%C4%B1_Trakya_Vakf%C4%B1_Cami.jpg/300px-Bat%C4%B1_Trakya_Vakf%C4%B1_Cami.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Bat%C4%B1_Trakya_Vakf%C4%B1_Cami.jpg/400px-Bat%C4%B1_Trakya_Vakf%C4%B1_Cami.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Western Thrace Foundation Mosque in <a href="/wiki/Zeytinburnu" title="Zeytinburnu">Zeytinburnu</a>, Istanbul</figcaption></figure> <p>Between 300,000 and 400,000 Turks have left Western Thrace since 1923; most of them immigrated to Turkey.<sup id="cite_ref-Hirschon_2003_loc=107_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hirschon_2003_loc=107-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Whitman_1990_loc=2_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitman_1990_loc=2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Western Thrace Turks have also immigrated to <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>. Thus, overall there are an estimated 1 million Turks whose roots are from Western Thrace.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is estimated that there are between 25,000 and 40,000 Western Thrace Turks living in <a href="/wiki/Western_Europe" title="Western Europe">Western Europe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Germany">Germany</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Germany"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Germany" title="Turks in Germany">Turks in Germany</a></div> <p>There are some members of the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Muslims" title="Greek Muslims">Greek Muslim</a> community among the some 350,000 <a href="/wiki/Greeks_in_Germany" title="Greeks in Germany">Greeks living in Germany</a> who are Turks or who espouse a Turkish identity.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The majority of Turks immigrated from <a href="/wiki/Western_Thrace" title="Western Thrace">Western Thrace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1960s and 1970s, the Thracian tobacco industry was affected by a severe crisis and many tobacco growers lost their income. This resulted in many Turks leaving their homes and immigrating to <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> with estimates suggesting that today there are now between 12,000<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 25,000<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> residing in Germany. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Netherlands">Netherlands</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Netherlands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_Netherlands" title="Turks in the Netherlands">Turks in the Netherlands</a></div> <p>A minority of Western Thrace Turks can be found in the Netherlands, especially in the <a href="/wiki/Randstad" title="Randstad">Randstad</a> region; after Germany, the Netherlands is the most popular destination for Turkish immigrants.<sup id="cite_ref-Şentürk_2008_loc=427_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Şentürk_2008_loc=427-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in the United Kingdom">Turks in the United Kingdom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Turks_in_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in London">Turks in London</a></div> <p>There are an estimated 600–700 Western Thrace Turks living in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> although this does not include those who are British-born. The total number living outside London is unknown.<sup id="cite_ref-Şentürk_2008_loc=427_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Şentürk_2008_loc=427-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However even their small number, Western Thrace Turks in the UK have their own community (<b>Association of Western Thrace Turks UK</b>)<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ilchan_Achmet" title="Ilchan Achmet">Ilchan Achmet</a>, Greek politician<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadik_Achmet" title="Sadik Achmet">Sadik Achmet</a>, Greek doctor and politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achmet_Chatziosman" class="mw-redirect" title="Achmet Chatziosman">Achmet Chatziosman</a>, Greek politician</li> <li><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakan_%C3%87avu%C5%9Fo%C4%9Flu" class="extiw" title="tr:Hakan Çavuşoğlu">Hakan Çavuşoğlu</a>, Turkish Deputy Prime Minister<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aichan_Kara_Giousouf" title="Aichan Kara Giousouf">Aichan Kara Giousouf</a>, Greek politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cemile_Giousouf" title="Cemile Giousouf">Cemile Giousouf</a>, German politician (<a href="/wiki/Immigrant_generations" title="Immigrant generations">2nd generation</a> <a href="/wiki/Turkish_German" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish German">Turkish German</a> with roots from <a href="/wiki/Western_Thrace" title="Western Thrace">Western Thrace</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eerif_G%C3%B6ren" title="Şerif Gören">Şerif Gören</a>, Turkish film director, Winner of 1982 <a href="/wiki/Palme_d%27Or" title="Palme d'Or">Palme d'Or</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival" title="Cannes Film Festival">Cannes Film Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamza_Hamzao%C4%9Flu" title="Hamza Hamzaoğlu">Hamza Hamzaoğlu</a>, Turkish football manager of <a href="/wiki/Galatasaray" class="mw-redirect" title="Galatasaray">Galatasaray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsetin_Mantatzi" title="Tsetin Mantatzi">Tsetin Mantatzi</a>, Greek politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moustafa_Moustafa" class="mw-redirect" title="Moustafa Moustafa">Moustafa Moustafa</a>, Greek politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehmet_M%C3%BCezzino%C4%9Flu" title="Mehmet Müezzinoğlu">Mehmet Müezzinoğlu</a>, Turkish politician<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1990_Komotini_events" title="1990 Komotini events">1990 Komotini events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_minorities_in_the_former_Ottoman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish minorities in the former Ottoman Empire">Turkish minorities in the former Ottoman Empire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_Balkans" title="Turks in the Balkans">Turks in the Balkans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_Turks" class="mw-redirect" title="Cretan Turks">Cretan Turks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_of_the_Dodecanese" title="Turks of the Dodecanese">Turks of the Dodecanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Thrace" title="Western Thrace">Western Thrace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Western_Thrace" title="Provisional Government of Western Thrace">Provisional Government of Western Thrace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Friendship,_Equality_and_Peace" title="Party of Friendship, Equality and Peace">Party of Friendship, Equality and Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Union_of_Xanthi" title="Turkish Union of Xanthi">Turkish Union of Xanthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greeks_in_Turkey" title="Greeks in Turkey">Greeks in Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Muslims" title="Greek Muslims">Greek Muslims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Western_Thrace_Turks_in_Europe" title="Federation of Western Thrace Turks in Europe">Federation of Western Thrace Turks in Europe</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFErsan2018" class="citation book cs1">Ersan, Mehmet Özgür (17 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=g6CfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA9"><i>Sarı Saltuk</i></a>. Salon Yayinlari. p. 9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-605-9530-56-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-605-9530-56-9"><bdi>978-605-9530-56-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sar%C4%B1+Saltuk&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=Salon+Yayinlari&rft.date=2018-04-17&rft.isbn=978-605-9530-56-9&rft.aulast=Ersan&rft.aufirst=Mehmet+%C3%96zg%C3%BCr&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dg6CfDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreek_Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs" class="citation web cs1">Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hri.org/MFA/foreign/musminen.htm">"The Muslim Minority of Greek Thrace"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-01-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Muslim+Minority+of+Greek+Thrace&rft.au=Greek+Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hri.org%2FMFA%2Fforeign%2Fmusminen.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Whitman_1990_loc=i-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Whitman_1990_loc=i_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Whitman_1990_loc=i_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWhitman1990">Whitman 1990</a>, i.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLevinson1998">Levinson 1998</a>, 41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hri.org/MFA/foreign/musmingr.htm">Υπουργείο Εξωτερικών, Υπηρεσία Ενημέρωσης: Μουσουλμάνικη μειονότητα Θράκης</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Greek_Helsinki_Monitor" title="Greek Helsinki Monitor">Greek Helsinki Monitor</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greekhelsinki.gr/bhr/english/organizations/ghm_mrgg_religious_freedom_2002.rtf">Religious freedom in Greece</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAtaöv1992">Ataöv 1992</a>, 90.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPanayi1999">Panayi 1999</a>, 51.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hirschon_2003_loc=107-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hirschon_2003_loc=107_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hirschon_2003_loc=107_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHirschon2003">Hirschon 2003</a>, 107.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Whitman_1990_loc=2-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Whitman_1990_loc=2_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Whitman_1990_loc=2_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWhitman1990">Whitman 1990</a>, 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Aarbakke-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Aarbakke_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aarbakke_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVemund_Aarbakke2000" class="citation book cs1">Vemund Aarbakke (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.batitrakya.org/yayinlar/arastirmalar/indir/the-muslim-minority-of-greek-thrace.html"><i>The muslim minority of Greek Thrace</i></a>. Phd thesis / University of Bergen.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+muslim+minority+of+Greek+Thrace&rft.pub=Phd+thesis+%2F+University+of+Bergen&rft.date=2000&rft.au=Vemund+Aarbakke&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.batitrakya.org%2Fyayinlar%2Farastirmalar%2Findir%2Fthe-muslim-minority-of-greek-thrace.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Öksüz_2004_loc=255-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Öksüz_2004_loc=255_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Öksüz_2004_loc=255_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFÖksüz2004">Öksüz 2004</a>, 255.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuseyinoglu2012" class="citation web cs1">Huseyinoglu, Ali (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/39339/1/Huseyinoglu,_Ali_%28secured%29.pdf">"The Development of Minority Education at the South-easternmost Corner of the EU: The Case of Muslim Turks in Western Thrace, Greece"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. University of Sussex. pp. 121–122<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Development+of+Minority+Education+at+the+South-easternmost+Corner+of+the+EU%3A+The+Case+of+Muslim+Turks+in+Western+Thrace%2C+Greece&rft.pages=121-122&rft.pub=University+of+Sussex&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Huseyinoglu&rft.aufirst=Ali&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsro.sussex.ac.uk%2F39339%2F1%2FHuseyinoglu%2C_Ali_%2528secured%2529.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPentzopoulos2002" class="citation book cs1">Pentzopoulos, Dimitri (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PDc-WW6YhqEC&q=1922+greek+exchange+population&pg=PA11"><i>The Balkan exchange of minorities and its impact on Greece</i></a> ([2. impr.]. ed.). London: Hurst. p. 11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781850657026" title="Special:BookSources/9781850657026"><bdi>9781850657026</bdi></a>. <q>led directly to the flight of the Greek refugees from Asia Minor, the compulsory exchange of populations between Greece and Turkey</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Balkan+exchange+of+minorities+and+its+impact+on+Greece&rft.place=London&rft.pages=11&rft.edition=%5B2.+impr.%5D.&rft.pub=Hurst&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9781850657026&rft.aulast=Pentzopoulos&rft.aufirst=Dimitri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPDc-WW6YhqEC%26q%3D1922%2Bgreek%2Bexchange%2Bpopulation%26pg%3DPA11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gibney-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gibney_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatthew_J._Gibney,_Randall_Hansen.2005" class="citation book cs1">Matthew J. Gibney, <a href="/wiki/Randall_Hansen" title="Randall Hansen">Randall Hansen</a>. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/immigrationasylu00matt/page/377"><i>Immigration and Asylum: from 1900 to the Present, Volume 3</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/immigrationasylu00matt/page/377">377</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57607-796-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-57607-796-9"><bdi>1-57607-796-9</bdi></a>. <q>The total number of Christians who fled to Greece was probably in the region of I.2 million with the main wave occurring in 1922 before the signing of the convention. According to the official records of the Mixed Commission set up to monitor the movements, the "Greeks' who were transferred after 1923 numbered 189,916 and the number of Muslims expelled to Turkey was 355,635 [Ladas I932, 438–439; but using the same source Eddy 1931, 201 states that the post-1923 exchange involved 192,356 Greeks from Turkey and 354,647 Muslims from Greece.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Immigration+and+Asylum%3A+from+1900+to+the+Present%2C+Volume+3&rft.pages=377&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-57607-796-9&rft.au=Matthew+J.+Gibney%2C+Randall+Hansen.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fimmigrationasylu00matt%2Fpage%2F377&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Huseyinoglu_2012_123-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Huseyinoglu_2012_123_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Huseyinoglu_2012_123_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Huseyinoglu_2012_123_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Huseyinoglu_2012_123_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuseyinoglu2012" class="citation web cs1">Huseyinoglu, Ali (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/39339/1/Huseyinoglu,_Ali_%28secured%29.pdf">"The Development of Minority Education at the South-easternmost Corner of the EU: The Case of Muslim Turks in Western Thrace, Greece"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. University of Sussex. p. 123<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Development+of+Minority+Education+at+the+South-easternmost+Corner+of+the+EU%3A+The+Case+of+Muslim+Turks+in+Western+Thrace%2C+Greece&rft.pages=123&rft.pub=University+of+Sussex&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Huseyinoglu&rft.aufirst=Ali&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsro.sussex.ac.uk%2F39339%2F1%2FHuseyinoglu%2C_Ali_%2528secured%2529.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kotzamanis2008-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kotzamanis2008_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKotzamanisAgorastakis,_Michalis2008" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kotzamanis, Byron; Agorastakis, Michalis (August 25–29, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aidelf.ined.fr/colloques/Quebec/aidelf-2008/IMG/pdf/KotzamanisT.pdf">"La minorité musulmane en Thrace: La mesure du caché"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Colloque Démographie et cultures</i> (in French). Québec: Association Internationale des Démographes de Langue Française (AIDELF)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Colloque+D%C3%A9mographie+et+cultures&rft.atitle=La+minorit%C3%A9+musulmane+en+Thrace%3A+La+mesure+du+cach%C3%A9&rft.date=2008-08-25%2F2008-08-29&rft.aulast=Kotzamanis&rft.aufirst=Byron&rft.au=Agorastakis%2C+Michalis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidelf.ined.fr%2Fcolloques%2FQuebec%2Faidelf-2008%2FIMG%2Fpdf%2FKotzamanisT.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEthnologue" class="citation web cs1">Ethnologue. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=GR">"Languages of Greece"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-01-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Languages+of+Greece&rft.au=Ethnologue&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethnologue.com%2Fshow_country.asp%3Fname%3DGR&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Old and New Islam in Greece: From Historical Minorities to Immigrant Newcomers, Konstantinos Tsitselikis, page 568-569, 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWhitman1990">Whitman 1990</a>, 5–6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe: p. 8–9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hersant2009-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hersant2009_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hersant2009_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hersant2009_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHersantYatropoulos,_Nepheli2009" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hersant, Jeanne; Yatropoulos, Nepheli (August 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ejts.revues.org/index1342.html">"Mobilisation identitaire et représentation politique des 'Turcs' en Thrace occidentale: les élections législatives grecques de mars 2004"</a>. <i>European Journal of Turkish Studies</i> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-08-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Turkish+Studies&rft.atitle=Mobilisation+identitaire+et+repr%C3%A9sentation+politique+des+%27Turcs%27+en+Thrace+occidentale%3A+les+%C3%A9lections+l%C3%A9gislatives+grecques+de+mars+2004&rft.date=2009-08&rft.aulast=Hersant&rft.aufirst=Jeanne&rft.au=Yatropoulos%2C+Nepheli&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fejts.revues.org%2Findex1342.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">son of the former MP Hajihafuz Ali Galip Sampachedin</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tsetin Mantatzi, who was running as an independent after having been expelled with other anti-debt plan dissenters from the PASOK, was not reelected</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Βιογραφικά – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parliament.gr/synthesh/mp.asp?MPID=909">ΟΣΜΑΝ ΑΧΜΕΤ ΧΑΤΖΗ, ΒΟΥΛΕΥΤΗΣ ΡΟΔΟΠΗΣ, ΣΗΜΑ ΤΟΥ ΠΑΝΕΛΛΗΝΙΟΥ ΣΟΣΙΑΛΙΣΤΙΚΟΥ ΚΙΝΗΜΑΤΟΣ</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090907201204/http://www.parliament.gr/synthesh/mp.asp?MPID=909">Archived</a> 2009-09-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Βουλή των Ελλήνων, accessed on September 24, 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chris Loutradis, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/n.php?n=turkish-candidate-stirs-debate-in-greek-polls-2009-09-22">Turkish candidate stirs debate in Greek polls</a>, <a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCrriyet" title="Hürriyet">Hürriyet Daily News</a>, September 22, 2009, accessed on September 24, 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nd.gr/index.php?option=com_content&task=category&sectionid=52&id=273&Itemid=469">candidates for the Rodopi circonscription</a>, website of New Democracy, accessed on September 24, 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nd.gr/index.php?option=com_content&task=category&sectionid=52&id=280&Itemid=469">candidates for the Xanthi circonscription</a>, website of New Democracy, accessed on September 24, 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greekhelsinki.gr/special-issues-aysel-harasment.html">Harassment of Aysel Zeybek and The Responses</a>, The Balkan Human Rights Web Pages, accessed on September 24, 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Turkish)</span> Chasan Chatzi, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110708104302/http://www.burasibatitrakya.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=746&Itemid=1">PASOK, Türk milletvekili adaylarını</a>, Rodop Rüzgârı, September 10, 2009, accessed on September 25, 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.syriza.gr/syriza/region?p=Νομός">ΞΑΝΘΗΣ Νομός ΞΑΝΘΗΣ – Υποψήφιοι</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.syriza.gr/syriza/region?p=Νομός">ΡΟΔΟΠΗΣ Νομός ΡΟΔΟΠΗΣ – Υποψήφιοι</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-zaman-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-zaman_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hasan Haci, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/news-188768-turkish-minority-vote-worth-its-weight-in-gold-in-greek-elections.html">Turkish minority vote worth its weight in gold in Greek elections</a>, Today's Zaman, October 3, 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2019results-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2019results_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dunya.com/dunya/yunanistanda-ap-secimlerinde-deb-basarisi-haberi-446557">"Yunanistan'da AP seçimlerinde DEB başarısı"</a>. Dünya. <a href="/wiki/Anadolu_Agency" title="Anadolu Agency">Anadolu Agency</a>. 31 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Yunanistan%27da+AP+se%C3%A7imlerinde+DEB+ba%C5%9Far%C4%B1s%C4%B1&rft.date=2019-05-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dunya.com%2Fdunya%2Fyunanistanda-ap-secimlerinde-deb-basarisi-haberi-446557&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hrw.org-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hrw.org_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hrw.org_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/greece/Greec991-06.htm">Greece – The Turks of Western Thrace</a>, January 1999</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnagnostou2005" class="citation journal cs1">Anagnostou, Dia (2005). "Deepening Democracy or Defending the Nation? The Europeanisation of minority Rights and Greek Citizenship". <i>West European Politics</i>. <b>28</b> (2): 338. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F01402380500059785">10.1080/01402380500059785</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:153877386">153877386</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=West+European+Politics&rft.atitle=Deepening+Democracy+or+Defending+the+Nation%3F+The+Europeanisation+of+minority+Rights+and+Greek+Citizenship&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=338&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F01402380500059785&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A153877386%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Anagnostou&rft.aufirst=Dia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe: p. 6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWhitman1990">Whitman 1990</a>, 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWhitman1990">Whitman 1990</a>, 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMadianou2005">Madianou 2005</a>, 34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAntoniou2005" class="citation journal cs1">Antoniou, Dimitris (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://balkanologie.revues.org/index579.html">"Western Thracian Muslims in Athens"</a>. <i>Balkanologie</i>. <b>IX</b> (1–2).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Balkanologie&rft.atitle=Western+Thracian+Muslims+in+Athens&rft.volume=IX&rft.issue=1%E2%80%932&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Antoniou&rft.aufirst=Dimitris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbalkanologie.revues.org%2Findex579.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWhitman1990">Whitman 1990</a>, 16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWhitman1990">Whitman 1990</a>, 17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKarpat2002">Karpat 2002</a>, 537.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWhitman1990">Whitman 1990</a>, 24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe: p. 10, 16</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWhitman1990">Whitman 1990</a>, 26</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWhitman1990">Whitman 1990</a>, 27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe: p. 10, 13</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ABTTF-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ABTTF_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Parallel Report by Federation of Western Thrace Turks in Europe on the 2010 Human Rights Report: Greece</i> 8 April 2011 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.abttf.org/images/Raporlar/US-2010-Human-Rights-Report-on-Greece_Parallel-Report-by-ABTTF.pdf">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hurriyet-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hurriyet_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Vandals desecrate Turkish graves in Greece, police say</i> Hürriyet Daily News, 15 August 2010 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/n.php?n=vandals-desecrate-turkish-graves-in-greece-police-2010-08-15">[2]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Muslim Cemetery in Komotini Vandalized</i> Greek Reporter, 15 August 2010 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://greece.greekreporter.com/2010/08/15/vandals-desecrate-turkish-graves-in-greece/">[3]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Desecrations of cemeteries are hate crimes that exacerbate intolerance</i> Council of Europe, 30 December 2010 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://wcd.coe.int/wcd/ViewDoc.jsp?id=1713937">[4]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>July–December, 2010 International Religious Freedom Report, Greece</i>, US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111019053705/http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2010_5/168314.htm">[5]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKultur" class="citation web cs1">Kultur. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:aGZWuiEwTzEJ:ekitap.kultur.gov.tr/Genel/dg.ashx%3FBELGEANAH%3D130755%26DIL%3D1%26DOSYAISIM%3Dbatitrakyaturkedebiyati.pdf+bati+trakya+turler+ABD&hl=en&gl=uk&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESh-eJgkK3l82DgV0AwIDAk2IjYOaEU4fFUNPVLD7Ygbkj66cwCwLPnk8DoWZxC0fgCFCkYq8UcmdVJ2O09SLSecHhdmEDKtrbXU9Nnie-p-a4B11hHdTqDz08Nrr95sYAGoJRH4&sig=AHIEtbQG2nDOViFskm2eJAjvIrSJ1Do3WA">"BATI TRAKYA TÜRK EDEBİYATI"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-05-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BATI+TRAKYA+T%C3%9CRK+EDEB%C4%B0YATI&rft.au=Kultur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.google.com%2Fviewer%3Fa%3Dv%26q%3Dcache%3AaGZWuiEwTzEJ%3Aekitap.kultur.gov.tr%2FGenel%2Fdg.ashx%253FBELGEANAH%253D130755%2526DIL%253D1%2526DOSYAISIM%253Dbatitrakyaturkedebiyati.pdf%2Bbati%2Btrakya%2Bturler%2BABD%26hl%3Den%26gl%3Duk%26pid%3Dbl%26srcid%3DADGEESh-eJgkK3l82DgV0AwIDAk2IjYOaEU4fFUNPVLD7Ygbkj66cwCwLPnk8DoWZxC0fgCFCkYq8UcmdVJ2O09SLSecHhdmEDKtrbXU9Nnie-p-a4B11hHdTqDz08Nrr95sYAGoJRH4%26sig%3DAHIEtbQG2nDOViFskm2eJAjvIrSJ1Do3WA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFŞentürk2008">Şentürk 2008</a>, 420.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWitten_Batı_Trakya_Türkleri_Yardımlaşma_ve_Dayanışma_Derneği" class="citation web cs1">Witten Batı Trakya Türkleri Yardımlaşma ve Dayanışma Derneği. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wittenbttd.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=81&Itemid=35">"Batı Trakya'da "Aynı Gökyüzü Altında" bir Güldeste"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-05-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bat%C4%B1+Trakya%27da+%22Ayn%C4%B1+G%C3%B6ky%C3%BCz%C3%BC+Alt%C4%B1nda%22+bir+G%C3%BCldeste&rft.au=Witten+Bat%C4%B1+Trakya+T%C3%BCrkleri+Yard%C4%B1mla%C5%9Fma+ve+Dayan%C4%B1%C5%9Fma+Derne%C4%9Fi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wittenbttd.org%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D81%26Itemid%3D35&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWesterlundSvanberg1999">Westerlund & Svanberg 1999</a>, 320–321.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCouncil_of_Europe:_Parliamentary_Assembly2007">Council of Europe: Parliamentary Assembly 2007</a>, 118.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFClogg2002">Clogg 2002</a>, 84.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInternational_Assembly_of_Western_Thrace_Turks" class="citation web cs1">International Assembly of Western Thrace Turks. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.batitrakya.info/btt/Content.aspx?mID=4;12&l=en-US">"POLITICAL AND CIVIL ORGANISATION COMMISSION"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-05-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=POLITICAL+AND+CIVIL+ORGANISATION+COMMISSION&rft.au=International+Assembly+of+Western+Thrace+Turks&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.batitrakya.info%2Fbtt%2FContent.aspx%3FmID%3D4%3B12%26l%3Den-US&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Şentürk_2008_loc=427-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Şentürk_2008_loc=427_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Şentürk_2008_loc=427_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFŞentürk2008">Şentürk 2008</a>, 427.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.batitrakya.org.uk/">Official website of Association of Western Thrace Turks in UK</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkey-criticizes-greece-for-convicting-muslim-clerics-122573">"Turkey criticizes Greece for convicting Muslim clerics"</a>. Hurriyet Daily News. 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turkey+criticizes+Greece+for+convicting+Muslim+clerics&rft.pub=Hurriyet+Daily+News&rft.date=2017&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hurriyetdailynews.com%2Fturkey-criticizes-greece-for-convicting-muslim-clerics-122573&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailysabah.com/diplomacy/2017/11/03/turkish-minister-born-in-greece-seeks-to-improve-ties-with-athens">"Turkish minister born in Greece seeks to improve ties with Athens"</a>. Daily Sabah. 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turkish+minister+born+in+Greece+seeks+to+improve+ties+with+Athens&rft.pub=Daily+Sabah&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailysabah.com%2Fdiplomacy%2F2017%2F11%2F03%2Fturkish-minister-born-in-greece-seeks-to-improve-ties-with-athens&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-pm-changes-cabinet-amid-peace-process-39801">"Turkish PM changes Cabinet amid peace process"</a>. Hurriyet Daily News. 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turkish+PM+changes+Cabinet+amid+peace+process&rft.pub=Hurriyet+Daily+News&rft.date=2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hurriyetdailynews.com%2Fturkish-pm-changes-cabinet-amid-peace-process-39801&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAtaöv1992" class="citation cs2">Ataöv, Türkkaya (1992), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dergiler.ankara.edu.tr/dergiler/44/686/8729.pdf"><i>THE ETHNIC TURKISH MINORITY IN WESTERN THRACE, GREECE</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, The Turkish Yearbook of International Relations</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=THE+ETHNIC+TURKISH+MINORITY+IN+WESTERN+THRACE%2C+GREECE&rft.pub=The+Turkish+Yearbook+of+International+Relations&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Ata%C3%B6v&rft.aufirst=T%C3%BCrkkaya&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdergiler.ankara.edu.tr%2Fdergiler%2F44%2F686%2F8729.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCin2009" class="citation cs2">Cin, Turgay (2009), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eab.ege.edu.tr/pdf/9_4/C9-S4-M23.pdf"><i>The Current Problems of the Turks of Western Thrace in Greece as a Member of the European Union</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, Ege Academic Review</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Current+Problems+of+the+Turks+of+Western+Thrace+in+Greece+as+a+Member+of+the+European+Union&rft.pub=Ege+Academic+Review&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Cin&rft.aufirst=Turgay&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feab.ege.edu.tr%2Fpdf%2F9_4%2FC9-S4-M23.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClogg2002" class="citation cs2">Clogg, Richard (2002), <i>Minorities in Greece: Aspects of a Plural Society</i>, C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85065-705-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-85065-705-X"><bdi>1-85065-705-X</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Minorities+in+Greece%3A+Aspects+of+a+Plural+Society&rft.pub=C.+Hurst+%26+Co.+Publishers&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=1-85065-705-X&rft.aulast=Clogg&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCommission_on_Security_and_Cooperation_in_Europe" class="citation web cs1">Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csce.gov/index.cfm?FuseAction=Files.Download&FileStore_id=131">"Turkish Minority in Western Thrace"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Briefing of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-01-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Briefing+of+the+Commission+on+Security+and+Cooperation+in+Europe&rft.atitle=Turkish+Minority+in+Western+Thrace&rft.au=Commission+on+Security+and+Cooperation+in+Europe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.csce.gov%2Findex.cfm%3FFuseAction%3DFiles.Download%26FileStore_id%3D131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCouncil_of_Europe:_Parliamentary_Assembly2007" class="citation cs2">Council of Europe: Parliamentary Assembly (2007), <i>Parliamentary Assembly: Working Papers 2007 Ordinary Session 22–26 January 2007</i>, Council of Europe, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-92-871-6191-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-92-871-6191-8"><bdi>978-92-871-6191-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Parliamentary+Assembly%3A+Working+Papers+2007+Ordinary+Session+22%E2%80%9326+January+2007&rft.pub=Council+of+Europe&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-92-871-6191-8&rft.au=Council+of+Europe%3A+Parliamentary+Assembly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHirschon2003" class="citation cs2">Hirschon, Renée (2003), <i>Crossing the Aegean: An Appraisal of the 1923 Compulsory Population Exchange Between Greece and Turkey</i>, Berghahn Books, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57181-562-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-57181-562-7"><bdi>1-57181-562-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Crossing+the+Aegean%3A+An+Appraisal+of+the+1923+Compulsory+Population+Exchange+Between+Greece+and+Turkey&rft.pub=Berghahn+Books&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1-57181-562-7&rft.aulast=Hirschon&rft.aufirst=Ren%C3%A9e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarpat2002" class="citation cs2">Karpat, Kemal (2002), <i>Studies on Ottoman Social and Political History: Selected Articles and Essays</i>, BRILL, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-12101-3" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-12101-3"><bdi>90-04-12101-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studies+on+Ottoman+Social+and+Political+History%3A+Selected+Articles+and+Essays&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=90-04-12101-3&rft.aulast=Karpat&rft.aufirst=Kemal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarpat2004" class="citation cs2">Karpat, Kemal H. (2004), <i>Studies on Turkish Politics and Society: Selected Articles and Essays:Volume 94 of Social, economic, and political studies of the Middle East</i>, BRILL, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-13322-4" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-13322-4"><bdi>90-04-13322-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studies+on+Turkish+Politics+and+Society%3A+Selected+Articles+and+Essays%3AVolume+94+of+Social%2C+economic%2C+and+political+studies+of+the+Middle+East&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=90-04-13322-4&rft.aulast=Karpat&rft.aufirst=Kemal+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMadianou2005" class="citation cs2">Madianou, Mirca (2005), <i>Mediating the nation: news, audiences and the politics of identity</i>, Routledge Cavendish, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84472-028-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-84472-028-4"><bdi>1-84472-028-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mediating+the+nation%3A+news%2C+audiences+and+the+politics+of+identity&rft.pub=Routledge+Cavendish&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-84472-028-4&rft.aulast=Madianou&rft.aufirst=Mirca&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMinahan2002" class="citation cs2">Minahan, James (2002), <i>Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: S-Z</i>, Greenwood Publishing Group, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-32384-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-32384-4"><bdi>0-313-32384-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+Stateless+Nations%3A+S-Z&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-313-32384-4&rft.aulast=Minahan&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevinson1998" class="citation cs2">Levinson, David (1998), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ethnicgroupsworl00levi"><i>Ethnic groups worldwide: a ready reference handbook</i></a>, Greenwood Publishing Group, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57356-019-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57356-019-1"><bdi>978-1-57356-019-1</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ethnic+groups+worldwide%3A+a+ready+reference+handbook&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-1-57356-019-1&rft.aulast=Levinson&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fethnicgroupsworl00levi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLytra2007" class="citation cs2">Lytra, Vally (2007), <i>Play frames and social identities: contact encounters in a Greek primary school</i>, John Benjamins Publishing Company, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-272-5407-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-272-5407-8"><bdi>978-90-272-5407-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Play+frames+and+social+identities%3A+contact+encounters+in+a+Greek+primary+school&rft.pub=John+Benjamins+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-90-272-5407-8&rft.aulast=Lytra&rft.aufirst=Vally&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFÖksüz2004" class="citation cs2">Öksüz, Hikmet (2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100215142614/http://www.azinlikca.org/pdfs/thesis/The_Reasons_for_immigration_from_Western_Thrace_to_Turkey.pdf">"The Reasons for Immigration from Western Thrace to Turkey (1923-1950)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>Azınlıkça</i>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.azinlikca.org/pdfs/thesis/The_Reasons_for_immigration_from_Western_Thrace_to_Turkey.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2010-02-15</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Az%C4%B1nl%C4%B1k%C3%A7a&rft.atitle=The+Reasons+for+Immigration+from+Western+Thrace+to+Turkey+%281923-1950%29&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=%C3%96ks%C3%BCz&rft.aufirst=Hikmet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.azinlikca.org%2Fpdfs%2Fthesis%2FThe_Reasons_for_immigration_from_Western_Thrace_to_Turkey.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPanayi1999" class="citation cs2">Panayi, Panikos (1999), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ethnicgroupsworl00levi"><i>Outsiders: a history of European minorities</i></a>, Continuum International Publishing Group, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57356-019-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-57356-019-7"><bdi>1-57356-019-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Outsiders%3A+a+history+of+European+minorities&rft.pub=Continuum+International+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=1-57356-019-7&rft.aulast=Panayi&rft.aufirst=Panikos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fethnicgroupsworl00levi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFŞentürk2008" class="citation cs2">Şentürk, Cem (2008), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sosyalarastirmalar.com/cilt1/sayi2/sayi2pdf/senturk_cem.pdf"><i>West Thrace Turkish's Immigration to Europe</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, The Journal of International Social Research</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=West+Thrace+Turkish%27s+Immigration+to+Europe&rft.pub=The+Journal+of+International+Social+Research&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=%C5%9Eent%C3%BCrk&rft.aufirst=Cem&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sosyalarastirmalar.com%2Fcilt1%2Fsayi2%2Fsayi2pdf%2Fsenturk_cem.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSugar1983" class="citation cs2">Sugar, Peter F. (1983), <i>Southeastern Europe under Ottoman rule, 1354–1804</i>, University of Washington Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-295-96033-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-295-96033-7"><bdi>0-295-96033-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Southeastern+Europe+under+Ottoman+rule%2C+1354%E2%80%931804&rft.pub=University+of+Washington+Press&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=0-295-96033-7&rft.aulast=Sugar&rft.aufirst=Peter+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWesterlundSvanberg1999" class="citation cs2">Westerlund, David; Svanberg, Ingvar (1999), <i>Islam Outside the Arab World</i>, Palgrave Macmillan, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-312-22691-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-312-22691-8"><bdi>0-312-22691-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+Outside+the+Arab+World&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-312-22691-8&rft.aulast=Westerlund&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Svanberg%2C+Ingvar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWestern_Thrace_Minority_University_Graduates_Association2009" class="citation cs2">Western Thrace Minority University Graduates Association (2009), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110727170653/http://www.pekem.org/userfiles/Western_Thrace_Turkish_Minority_WTMUGA_July_2009.pdf"><i>Western Thrace Turkish Minority</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, Culture and Education Foundation of Western Thrace Minority, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pekem.org/userfiles/Western_Thrace_Turkish_Minority_WTMUGA_July_2009.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2011-07-27</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Western+Thrace+Turkish+Minority&rft.pub=Culture+and+Education+Foundation+of+Western+Thrace+Minority&rft.date=2009&rft.au=Western+Thrace+Minority+University+Graduates+Association&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pekem.org%2Fuserfiles%2FWestern_Thrace_Turkish_Minority_WTMUGA_July_2009.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitman1990" class="citation cs2">Whitman, Lois (1990), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gDXbrQHGjbIC"><i>Destroying ethnic identity: the Turks of Greece</i></a>, Human Rights Watch, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-929692-70-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-929692-70-5"><bdi>0-929692-70-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Destroying+ethnic+identity%3A+the+Turks+of+Greece&rft.pub=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0-929692-70-5&rft.aulast=Whitman&rft.aufirst=Lois&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgDXbrQHGjbIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+of+Western+Thrace" class="Z3988"></span>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/reports/pdfs/g/greece/greece908.pdf">Human Rights Watch document: <i>Destroying ethnic identity - The Turks of Greece</i>, August 1990</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/reports/pdfs/g/greece/greece924.pdf">Human Rights Watch document: <i>Greece – Improvements for Turkish minority – Problems remain</i>, April 1992</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/reports/pdfs/g/greece/greec991.pdf">Human Rights Watch document: <i>Greece – The Turks of Western Thrace</i>, January 1999</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abttf.com">Umbrella organisation of Western Thrace Turks and UN-ECOSOC member: <i>Federation of Western Thrace Turks in Europe</i></a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Turkish_people_by_country" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Turkish_people_by_country" title="Template:Turkish people by country"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Turkish_people_by_country" title="Template talk:Turkish people by country"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Turkish_people_by_country" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Turkish people by country"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Turkish_people_by_country" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turkish people</a> <a href="/wiki/Turkish_population" title="Turkish population">by country</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Traditional areas of<br /><a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turkish</a> settlement</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Turkish majorities:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turkey</a> (<a href="/wiki/Muhacir" title="Muhacir">Muhacirs</a>), <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Cypriots" title="Turkish Cypriots">Northern Cyprus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot_diaspora" title="Turkish Cypriot diaspora">Turkish Cypriot diaspora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkish_settlers_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Turkish settlers in Northern Cyprus">Mainland Turks</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Turkish minorities <br /> <a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_Balkans" title="Turks in the Balkans">in the Balkans</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Turks in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Turks" title="Bulgarian Turks">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Croatia" title="Turks in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li>Greece <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_Turks" class="mw-redirect" title="Cretan Turks">Crete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_of_the_Dodecanese" title="Turks of the Dodecanese">Dodecanese</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Western Thrace</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Kosovo" title="Turks in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_North_Macedonia" title="Turks in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Montenegro" title="Turks in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_of_Romania" title="Turks of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Serbia" title="Turks in Serbia">Serbia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Turkish minorities <br /> in the Caucasus:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Azerbaijan" title="Turks in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li>Georgia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Abkhazia" title="Turks in Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meskhetian_Turks" title="Meskhetian Turks">Meskhetia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Turkish minorities <br /> in the Levant:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Turkmen" title="Iraqi Turkmen">Iraq</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkmeneli" title="Turkmeneli">Turkmeneli</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in Israel">Israel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Jews_in_Israel" title="Turkish Jews in Israel">Jews</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Jordan" title="Turks in Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Lebanon" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Palestine" title="Turks in Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Turkmen" title="Syrian Turkmen">Syria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_Mountain" title="Turkmen Mountain">Turkmen Mountain</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Turkish minorities <br /> in North Africa:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Algeria" title="Turks in Algeria">Algeria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kouloughlis" title="Kouloughlis">Kouloughlis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Egypt" title="Turks in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Libya" title="Turks in Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Tunisia" title="Turks in Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Turks in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Yemen" title="Turks in Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diaspora in Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_South_Africa" title="Turks in South Africa">South Africa</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diaspora in <a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Europe" title="Turks in Europe">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Austria" title="Turks in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Belgium" title="Turks in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Turks in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Denmark" title="Turks in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Finland" title="Turks in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_France" title="Turks in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Germany" title="Turks in Germany">Germany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Berlin" title="Turks in Berlin">Berlin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Hungary" title="Turks in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Ireland" title="Turks in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Italy" title="Turks in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Liechtenstein" title="Turks in Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_Netherlands" title="Turks in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Norway" title="Turks in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Poland" title="Turks in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Spain" title="Turks in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Sweden" title="Turks in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Switzerland" title="Turks in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Turks" title="British Turks">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_community_of_London" title="Turkish community of London">London</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diaspora in North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Canadians" title="Turkish Canadians">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Mexico" title="Turks in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Americans" title="Turkish Americans">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_of_South_Carolina" title="Turks of South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diaspora in the Persian Gulf</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Kuwait" title="Turks in Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Qatar" title="Turks in Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diaspora in Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Australians" title="Turkish Australians">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_New_Zealanders" title="Turkish New Zealanders">New Zealand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diaspora in South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Argentines" title="Turkish Argentines">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turco-brasileiro" class="extiw" title="pt:Turco-brasileiro">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Venezuelan" title="Turkish Venezuelan">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diaspora in South Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkic_people_in_Afghanistan" title="Turkic people in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_India" title="Turks in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Pakistan" title="Turks in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diaspora in East Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Japan" title="Turks in Japan">Japan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diaspora in Post-Soviet States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Azerbaijan" title="Turks in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Kazakhstan" title="Turks in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Kyrgyzstan" title="Turks in Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Russia" title="Turks in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Turkmenistan" title="Turks in Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Ukraine" title="Turks in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Uzbekistan" title="Turks in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Turkophobia" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkophobia">Turkophobia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Muslims_during_Ottoman_contraction" class="mw-redirect" title="Persecution of Muslims during Ottoman contraction">Persecution of Muslims during Ottoman contraction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exodus_of_Muslims_from_Serbia_(1862)" title="Exodus of Muslims from Serbia (1862)">Exodus of Muslims from Serbia (1862)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkuk_Massacre_of_1924" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirkuk Massacre of 1924">Kirkuk Massacre of 1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deportation_of_the_Meskhetian_Turks" title="Deportation of the Meskhetian Turks">1944 Deportation of the Meskhetian Turks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gavurba%C4%9F%C4%B1_massacre" title="Gavurbağı massacre">Gavurbağı massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exodus_of_Turks_from_Bulgaria_(1950-1951)" class="mw-redirect" title="Exodus of Turks from Bulgaria (1950-1951)">Exodus of Turks from Bulgaria (1950-1951)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Turks#Assimilation_policy_(1956–1989)" title="Bulgarian Turks">1956–1989 Assimilation of Bulgarian Turks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Turkmen#Kirkuk_massacre_of_1959" title="Iraqi Turkmen">1959 Kirkuk massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloody_Christmas_(1963)" title="Bloody Christmas (1963)">Bloody Christmas (1963)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akritas_plan" title="Akritas plan">Akritas plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afrikaanderwijk_riots" title="Afrikaanderwijk riots">Afrikaanderwijk riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revival_Process" title="Revival Process">Revival Process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tochni_massacre" title="Tochni massacre">Tochni massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maratha,_Santalaris_and_Aloda_massacre" title="Maratha, Santalaris and Aloda massacre">Maratha, Santalaris and Aloda massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Turkish_diplomats_assassinated_by_Armenian_militant_organisations" title="List of Turkish diplomats assassinated by Armenian militant organisations">Turkish diplomats assassinated by Armenian militant organisations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Taha_Car%C4%B1m" title="Assassination of Taha Carım">Assassination of Taha Carım</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Orhan_G%C3%BCnd%C3%BCz" title="Assassination of Orhan Gündüz">Assassination of Orhan Gündüz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Erkut_Akbay" title="Assassination of Erkut Akbay">Assassination of Erkut Akbay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Galip_Balkar" title="Assassination of Galip Balkar">Assassination of Galip Balkar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Orly_Airport_attack" title="1983 Orly Airport attack">1983 Orly Airport attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fergana_massacre" title="Fergana massacre">1989 Fergana massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Komotini_events" title="1990 Komotini events">1990 Komotini events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Altun_Kupri_massacre" title="1991 Altun Kupri massacre">1991 Altun Kupri massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Solingen_arson_attack" title="1993 Solingen arson attack">1993 Solingen arson attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Underground_murders" title="National Socialist Underground murders">National Socialist Underground murders</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Enver_%C5%9Eim%C5%9Fek" title="Murder of Enver Şimşek">Murder of Enver Şimşek</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Cologne_bombing" title="2004 Cologne bombing">2004 Cologne bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banya_Bashi_Mosque_clashes" title="Banya Bashi Mosque clashes">Banya Bashi Mosque clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Turkmen_genocide" title="Iraqi Turkmen genocide">Iraqi Turkmen genocide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_communities_and_minorities_in_the_former_Ottoman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish communities and minorities in the former Ottoman Empire">Turkish communities and minorities in the former Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_population" title="Turkish population">Turkish population</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Europe" title="Turks in Europe">Turks in Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_Arab_world" title="Turks in the Arab world">Turks in the Arab world</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kouloughlis" title="Kouloughlis">Kouloughlis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_Balkans" title="Turks in the Balkans">Turks in the Balkans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_former_Soviet_Union" title="Turks in the former Soviet Union">Turks in the former Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_diaspora" title="Turkish diaspora">Turkish diaspora</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Greece&#124;link=Greece_Ethnic_groups_in_Greece" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_Greece" title="Template:Ethnic groups in Greece"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ethnic_groups_in_Greece" title="Template talk:Ethnic groups in Greece"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_Greece" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic groups in Greece"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Greece&#124;link=Greece_Ethnic_groups_in_Greece" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic groups in Greece">Ethnic groups</a> in <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hellenic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cappadocian_Greeks" title="Cappadocian Greeks">Cappadocians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonians_(Greeks)" title="Macedonians (Greeks)">Macedonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Cypriots" title="Greek Cypriots">Cypriots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontic_Greeks" title="Pontic Greeks">Pontic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Traditional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Greece" title="Albanians in Greece">Albanians</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Arvanites" title="Arvanites">Arvanites</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Cham_Albanians" title="Cham Albanians">Cham Albanians</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Albanians_of_Western_Thrace" title="Albanians of Western Thrace">Albanians of Western Thrace</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Souliotes" title="Souliotes">Souliotes</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenians_in_Greece" title="Armenians in Greece">Armenians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aromanians_in_Greece" title="Aromanians in Greece">Aromanians</a></li> <li>Italians <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Corfiot_Italians" title="Corfiot Italians">Corfu</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Italian_colonists_in_the_Dodecanese" title="Italian colonists in the Dodecanese">Dodecanese</a></span></li></ul></li> <li>Maltese <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Corfiot_Maltese" title="Corfiot Maltese">Corfu</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megleno-Romanians" title="Megleno-Romanians">Megleno-Romanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomaks" title="Pomaks">Pomaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Greece" title="Romani people in Greece">Roma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romaniote_Jews" title="Romaniote Jews">Romaniote Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jews_of_Thessaloniki" class="mw-redirect" title="Jews of Thessaloniki">Sephardi Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_speakers_of_Greek_Macedonia" title="Slavic speakers of Greek Macedonia">Slavic Macedonians</a></li> <li>Turks <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Cretan_Turks" class="mw-redirect" title="Cretan Turks">Crete</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Turks_of_the_Dodecanese" title="Turks of the Dodecanese">Dodecanese</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Western Thrace</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Recent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_immigrants_to_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="African immigrants to Greece">African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabs_in_Greece" title="Arabs in Greece">Arabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Greece" title="Assyrians in Greece">Assyrians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australians_in_Greece" title="Australians in Greece">Australians</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Britons_in_Greece&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Talk:Britons in Greece (page does not exist)">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_Auxiliary_Corps" title="Bavarian Auxiliary Corps">Bavarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_Chinese" title="Overseas Chinese">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipinos_in_Greece" title="Filipinos in Greece">Filipinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgians_in_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgians in Greece">Georgians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_people" title="Indian people">Indians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurds_in_Greece" title="Kurds in Greece">Kurds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistanis_in_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistanis in Greece">Pakistanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poles_in_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Poles in Greece">Poles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persians" title="Persians">Persians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russians_in_Greece" title="Russians in Greece">Russians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbs_in_Greece" title="Serbs in Greece">Serbs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&oldid=1252813263">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&oldid=1252813263</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ethnic_groups_in_Greece" title="Category:Ethnic groups in Greece">Ethnic groups in Greece</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Turks_in_Greece" title="Category:Turks in Greece">Turks in Greece</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Greek_people_of_Turkish_descent" title="Category:Greek people of Turkish descent">Greek people of Turkish descent</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Muslim_communities_in_Europe" title="Category:Muslim communities in Europe">Muslim communities in Europe</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Middle_Eastern_diaspora_in_Greece" title="Category:Middle Eastern diaspora in Greece">Middle Eastern diaspora in Greece</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Western_Thrace" title="Category:Western Thrace">Western Thrace</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Greek_Muslims" title="Category:Greek Muslims">Greek Muslims</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)" title="Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)">CS1 French-language sources (fr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Turkish-language_sources_(tr)" title="Category:Articles with Turkish-language sources (tr)">Articles with Turkish-language sources (tr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%22Related_ethnic_groups%22_needing_confirmation" title="Category:"Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation">"Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_using_infobox_ethnic_group_with_image_parameters" title="Category:Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters">Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Turkish-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Turkish-language text">Articles containing Turkish-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Greek-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Greek-language text">Articles containing Greek-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_April_2011" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from April 2011">Articles with unsourced statements from April 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_March_2022" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from March 2022">Articles with unsourced statements from March 2022</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 23 October 2024, at 01:39<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turks_of_Western_Thrace&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-57488d5c7d-9247s","wgBackendResponseTime":223,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.010","walltime":"1.226","ppvisitednodes":{"value":4776,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":152587,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":4094,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":13,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":14,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":165046,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1035.361 1 -total"," 29.87% 309.255 1 Template:Reflist"," 13.90% 143.899 4 Template:Langx"," 10.67% 110.487 2 Template:Short_description"," 10.37% 107.353 4 Template:Cite_book"," 10.21% 105.758 1 Template:Turkish_people"," 9.85% 102.016 1 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"," 8.17% 84.595 18 Template:Citation"," 6.92% 71.627 22 Template:Harvnb"," 5.52% 57.128 3 Template:Navbox"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.623","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":17288187,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAnagnostou2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAntoniou2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAtaöv1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCin2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFClogg2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCommission_on_Security_and_Cooperation_in_Europe\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCouncil_of_Europe:_Parliamentary_Assembly2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFErsan2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEthnologue\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGreek_Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHersantYatropoulos,_Nepheli2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHirschon2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHuseyinoglu2012\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFInternational_Assembly_of_Western_Thrace_Turks\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKarpat2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKarpat2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKotzamanisAgorastakis,_Michalis2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKultur\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLevinson1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLytra2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMadianou2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMatthew_J._Gibney,_Randall_Hansen.2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMinahan2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPanayi1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPentzopoulos2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSugar1983\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVemund_Aarbakke2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWesterlundSvanberg1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWestern_Thrace_Minority_University_Graduates_Association2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWhitman1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWitten_Batı_Trakya_Türkleri_Yardımlaşma_ve_Dayanışma_Derneği\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFÖksüz2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFŞentürk2008\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Citation\"] = 18,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 11,\n [\"Color box\"] = 1,\n [\"Ethnic groups in Greece\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 22,\n [\"In lang\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox ethnic group\"] = 1,\n [\"Italics correction\"] = 1,\n [\"Langx\"] = 4,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"See also\"] = 7,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Turkish people\"] = 1,\n [\"Turkish people by country\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6df7948d6c-frxtr","timestamp":"20241127205525","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Turks of Western Thrace","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turks_of_Western_Thrace","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1469635","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1469635","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2006-07-18T05:49:55Z","dateModified":"2024-10-23T01:39:22Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/58\/Thrace_region.jpg","headline":"Turkish ethnic minority living in Western Thrace region of Greece"}</script> </body> </html>