An early modern human from the Pe艧tera cu Oase, Romania

<!DOCTYPE html>     <html class="no-js" lang="en">  <head> <title>An early modern human from the Pe艧tera cu Oase, Romania - NASA/ADS</title>  <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//styles/favicon/apple-touch-icon.png" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="//styles/favicon/favicon-32x32.png" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="//styles/favicon/favicon-16x16.png" /> <link rel="manifest" href="//styles/favicon/site.webmanifest" /> <link rel="mask-icon" href="//styles/favicon/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5" /> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="NASA ADS" /> <meta name="application-name" content="NASA ADS" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffc40d" /> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff" />  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/styles/css/styles.css"> <meta name="robots" content="noarchive"> <link rel="canonical" href="http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003PNAS..10011231T/abstract"/> <meta name="description" content="The 2002 discovery of a robust modern human mandible in the Pe艧tera cu Oase, southwestern Romania, provides evidence of early modern humans in the lower Danubian Corridor. Directly accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (<SUP>14</SUP>C)-dated to 34,000-36,000 <SUP>14</SUP>C years B.P., the Oase 1 mandible is the oldest definite early modern human specimen in Europe and provides perspectives on the emergence and evolution of early modern humans in the northwestern Old World. The moderately long Oase 1 mandible exhibits a prominent tuber symphyseos and overall proportions that place it close to earlier Upper Paleolithic European specimens. Its symmetrical mandibular incisure, medially placed condyle, small superior medial pterygoid tubercle, mesial mental foramen, and narrow corpus place it closer to early modern humans among Late Pleistocene humans. However, its cross-sectional symphyseal orientation is intermediate between late archaic and early modern humans, the ramus is exceptionally wide, and the molars become progressively larger distally with exceptionally large third molars. The molar crowns lack derived Neandertal features but are otherwise morphologically undiagnostic. However, it has unilateral mandibular foramen lingular bridging, an apparently derived Neandertal feature. It therefore presents a mosaic of archaic, early modern human and possibly Neandertal morphological features, emphasizing both the complex population dynamics of modern human dispersal into Europe and the subsequent morphological evolution of European early modern humans.">  <meta property="og:type" content="article"> <meta property="og:title" content="An early modern human from the Pe艧tera cu Oase, Romania"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="NASA/ADS"> <meta property="og:description" content="The 2002 discovery of a robust modern human mandible in the Pe艧tera cu Oase, southwestern Romania, provides evidence of early modern humans in the lower Danubian Corridor. Directly accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (<SUP>14</SUP>C)-dated to 34,000-36,000 <SUP>14</SUP>C years B.P., the Oase 1 mandible is the oldest definite early modern human specimen in Europe and provides perspectives on the emergence and evolution of early modern humans in the northwestern Old World. The moderately long Oase 1 mandible exhibits a prominent tuber symphyseos and overall proportions that place it close to earlier Upper Paleolithic European specimens. Its symmetrical mandibular incisure, medially placed condyle, small superior medial pterygoid tubercle, mesial mental foramen, and narrow corpus place it closer to early modern humans among Late Pleistocene humans. However, its cross-sectional symphyseal orientation is intermediate between late archaic and early modern humans, the ramus is exceptionally wide, and the molars become progressively larger distally with exceptionally large third molars. The molar crowns lack derived Neandertal features but are otherwise morphologically undiagnostic. However, it has unilateral mandibular foramen lingular bridging, an apparently derived Neandertal feature. It therefore presents a mosaic of archaic, early modern human and possibly Neandertal morphological features, emphasizing both the complex population dynamics of modern human dispersal into Europe and the subsequent morphological evolution of European early modern humans."> <meta property="og:url" content="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003PNAS..10011231T/abstract"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/styles/img/transparent_logo.svg"> <meta property="article:published_time" content="09/2003"> <meta property="article:author" content="Trinkaus, Erik"> <meta property="article:author" content="Moldovan, Oana"> <meta property="article:author" content="Milota, 艧tefan"> <meta property="article:author" content="B卯lg菐r, Adrian"> <meta property="article:author" content="Sarcina, Lauren脜拢iu"> <meta property="article:author" content="Athreya, Sheela"> <meta property="article:author" content="Bailey, Shara E."> <meta property="article:author" content="Rodrigo, Ricardo"> <meta property="article:author" content="Mircea, Gherase"> <meta property="article:author" content="Higham, Thomas"> <meta property="article:author" content="Ramsey, Christopher Bronk"> <meta property="article:author" content="van der Plicht, Johannes">  <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Proceedings of the National Academy of Science"> <meta name="citation_authors" content="Trinkaus, Erik;Moldovan, Oana;Milota, 艧tefan;B卯lg菐r, Adrian;Sarcina, Lauren脜拢iu;Athreya, Sheela;Bailey, Shara E.;Rodrigo, Ricardo;Mircea, Gherase;Higham, Thomas;Ramsey, Christopher Bronk;van der Plicht, Johannes"> <meta name="citation_title" content="An early modern human from the Pe艧tera cu Oase, Romania"> <meta name="citation_date" content="09/2003"> <meta name="citation_volume" content="100"> <meta name="citation_issue" content="20"> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="11231"> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.1073/pnas.2035108100"> <meta name="citation_issn" content="0027-8424"> <meta name="citation_language" content="en"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="ANTHROPOLOGY"> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003PNAS..10011231T/abstract"> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="09/2003"> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/link_gateway/2003PNAS..10011231T/PUB_PDF"> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="11236" /> <link title="schema(PRISM)" rel="schema.prism" href="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/" /> <meta name="prism.publicationDate" content="09/2003" /> <meta name="prism.publicationName" content="PNAS" /> <meta name="prism.issn" content="0027-8424" /> <meta name="prism.volume" content="100" /> <meta name="prism.startingPage" content="11231" /> <meta name="prism.endingPage" content="11236" /> <link title="schema(DC)" rel="schema.dc" href="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" /> <meta name="dc.identifier" content="doi:10.1073/pnas.2035108100" /> <meta name="dc.date" content="09/2003" /> <meta name="dc.source" content="PNAS" /> <meta name="dc.title" content="An early modern human from the Pe艧tera cu Oase, Romania" /> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Trinkaus, Erik"> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Moldovan, Oana"> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Milota, 艧tefan"> <meta name="dc.creator" content="B卯lg菐r, Adrian"> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Sarcina, Lauren脜拢iu"> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Athreya, Sheela"> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Bailey, Shara E."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Rodrigo, Ricardo"> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Mircea, Gherase"> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Higham, Thomas"> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Ramsey, Christopher Bronk"> <meta name="dc.creator" content="van der Plicht, Johannes">  <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content="The 2002 discovery of a robust modern human mandible in the Pe艧tera cu Oase, southwestern Romania, provides evidence of early modern humans in the lower Danubian Corridor. Directly accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (<SUP>14</SUP>C)-dated to 34,000-36,000 <SUP>14</SUP>C years B.P., the Oase 1 mandible is the oldest definite early modern human specimen in Europe and provides perspectives on the emergence and evolution of early modern humans in the northwestern Old World. The moderately long Oase 1 mandible exhibits a prominent tuber symphyseos and overall proportions that place it close to earlier Upper Paleolithic European specimens. Its symmetrical mandibular incisure, medially placed condyle, small superior medial pterygoid tubercle, mesial mental foramen, and narrow corpus place it closer to early modern humans among Late Pleistocene humans. However, its cross-sectional symphyseal orientation is intermediate between late archaic and early modern humans, the ramus is exceptionally wide, and the molars become progressively larger distally with exceptionally large third molars. The molar crowns lack derived Neandertal features but are otherwise morphologically undiagnostic. However, it has unilateral mandibular foramen lingular bridging, an apparently derived Neandertal feature. It therefore presents a mosaic of archaic, early modern human and possibly Neandertal morphological features, emphasizing both the complex population dynamics of modern human dispersal into Europe and the subsequent morphological evolution of European early modern humans."/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="An early modern human from the Pe艧tera cu Oase, Romania"/> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@adsabs"/> <meta name="twitter:domain" content="NASA/ADS"/> <meta name="twitter:image:src" content="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/styles/img/transparent_logo.svg"/> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@adsabs"/> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> <base href="/"> <style> .btn-full-ads { color: #fff !important; background-color: #1a1a1a !important; border-color: #1a1a1a !important; margin-top: 9px !important; padding-bottom: 10px !important; padding-top: 10px !important; } .btn-full-ads:hover, .btn-full-ads:focus, .btn-full-ads:active, .btn-full-ads.active, .open>.dropdown-toggle.btn-full-ads { color: #000 !important; background-color: #ddd !important; border-color: #1a1a1a !important; } .dropdown-toggle:hover .dropdown-menu { display: block; } .navbar-nav.navbar-right:last-child { margin-right: -15px !important; } .navbar-right { @media screen (min-width: $screen-sm) { float: right!important; } } /*the container must be positioned relative:*/ .autocomplete { position: relative; display: inline-block; } .autocomplete-items { position: absolute; border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; border-bottom: none; border-top: none; z-index: 99; /*position the autocomplete items to be the same width as the container:*/ top: 100%; left: 0; right: 0; } .autocomplete-items div { padding: 10px; cursor: pointer; background-color: #fff; border-bottom: 1px solid #d4d4d4; } /*when hovering an item:*/ .autocomplete-items div:hover { background-color: #e9e9e9; } /*when navigating through the items using the arrow keys:*/ .autocomplete-active { background-color: #d7dfec !important; color: #000000; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="aria-announcement-container">Now on home page</div> <div id="app-container"> <div id="body-template-container"> <div class="s-master-page-manager"> <div id="navbar-container"> <div data-widget="NavbarWidget"> <nav class="navbar navbar-inverse"> <div class="container-fluid">  <div class=""> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-left"> <li> <a class="navbar-brand" href="/"> <img class="s-ads-icon" src="/styles/img/transparent_logo.svg" alt="ads icon"/> <h1> <b>ads</b></h1> </a> </li> </ul> </div>  <div class="">  <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right"> <li data-match-route="/"> <a href="/core/never/abs/2003PNAS..10011231T/abstract" style="transition: none; " class="btn btn-full-ads"> <i class="fa fa-refresh"></i> Enable full ADS </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="content-container"> <div class="dynamic-container s-dynamic-container"> <div id="abstract-page-layout" class="s-abstract-page-layout"> <div class="row s-stable-search-bar-height s-results-control-row-container hidden-xs"> </div> <div class="row s-dynamic-page-body" id="dynamic-page-body"> <div class="s-abstract-content"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-3 col-md-2" style="" id="left-column"> <div class="nav-container s-nav-container" style="transform: none; width: 100%; position: relative" id="left-column"> <nav> <div class="s-nav-header s-view-nav"> <i class="icon-list"></i> <h3>view </h3> </div> <a href="/abs/2003PNAS..10011231T/abstract" data-widget-id="ShowAbstract"> <div class="abstract-nav s-nav s-nav-selected"> <span class="s-content"> Abstract </span> </div> </a> </a> <a href="/abs/2003PNAS..10011231T/citations" aria-disabled="true" data-widget-id="ShowCitations"> <div class="abstract-nav s-nav "> <span class="s-content"> Citations <span class="num-items">(125)</span> </span> </div> </a> <a href="/abs/2003PNAS..10011231T/references" aria-disabled="true" data-widget-id="ShowReferences"> <div class="abstract-nav s-nav "> <span class="s-content"> References <span class="num-items">(14)</span> </span> </div> </a> <a href="/abs/2003PNAS..10011231T/coreads" aria-disabled="true" aria-disabled="true" data-widget-id="ShowCoreads"> <div class="abstract-nav s-nav "> <span class="s-content"> Co-Reads </span> </div> </a> <a href="/abs/2003PNAS..10011231T/similar" aria-disabled="true" data-widget-id="ShowSimilar"> <div class="abstract-nav s-nav "> <span class="s-content"> Similar Papers </span> </div> </a> <div aria-disabled="true" data-widget-id="ShowToc"> <div class="abstract-nav s-nav s-nav-inactive"> <span class="s-content"> Volume Content </span> </div> </div> <div href="#" data-widget-id="ShowGraphics"> <div class="abstract-nav s-nav s-nav-inactive"> <span class="s-content"> Graphics </span> </div> </div> <a href="/abs/2003PNAS..10011231T/metrics" data-widget-id="ShowMetrics"> <div class="abstract-nav s-nav"> <span class="s-content"> Metrics </span> </div> <a href="/abs/2003PNAS..10011231T/exportcitation" data-widget-id="ShowExportcitation__default"> <div class="abstract-nav s-nav "> <span class="content"> Export Citation </span> </div> </a> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-8 col-md-7 col-lg-7 s-middle-column" id="middle-column" style="padding-bottom: 0%">  <div class="main-content-container s-main-content-container" id="main-content" tabindex="-1" style="margin-bottom: 5px"> <div class="print-visible"> <h2 style="margin-left:6.1%;">NASA/ADS</h2> </div> <div id="abstract-title-container" class="s-abstract-title-container"> <div data-widget="ShowAbstract"> <article class="s-abstract-metadata">  <h2 class="s-abstract-title"> An early modern human from the Pe艧tera cu Oase, Romania <a href=""></a> </h2> <div id="authors-and-aff" class="s-authors-and-aff"> <ul class="list-inline"> <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Trinkaus%2C+Erik%22">Trinkaus, Erik</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Moldovan%2C+Oana%22">Moldovan, Oana</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Milota%2C+%C5%9Ftefan%22">Milota, 艧tefan</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22B%C3%AElg%C7%8Er%2C+Adrian%22">B卯lg菐r, Adrian</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Sarcina%2C+Lauren%C3%85%C2%A3iu%22">Sarcina, Lauren脜拢iu</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Athreya%2C+Sheela%22">Athreya, Sheela</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Bailey%2C+Shara+E.%22">Bailey, Shara E.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Rodrigo%2C+Ricardo%22">Rodrigo, Ricardo</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Mircea%2C+Gherase%22">Mircea, Gherase</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Higham%2C+Thomas%22">Higham, Thomas</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Ramsey%2C+Christopher+Bronk%22">Ramsey, Christopher Bronk</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22van+der+Plicht%2C+Johannes%22">van der Plicht, Johannes</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="s-abstract-text"> <h4 class="sr-only">Abstract</h4> <p> The 2002 discovery of a robust modern human mandible in the Pe艧tera cu Oase, southwestern Romania, provides evidence of early modern humans in the lower Danubian Corridor. Directly accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (<SUP>14</SUP>C)-dated to 34,000-36,000 <SUP>14</SUP>C years B.P., the Oase 1 mandible is the oldest definite early modern human specimen in Europe and provides perspectives on the emergence and evolution of early modern humans in the northwestern Old World. The moderately long Oase 1 mandible exhibits a prominent tuber symphyseos and overall proportions that place it close to earlier Upper Paleolithic European specimens. Its symmetrical mandibular incisure, medially placed condyle, small superior medial pterygoid tubercle, mesial mental foramen, and narrow corpus place it closer to early modern humans among Late Pleistocene humans. However, its cross-sectional symphyseal orientation is intermediate between late archaic and early modern humans, the ramus is exceptionally wide, and the molars become progressively larger distally with exceptionally large third molars. The molar crowns lack derived Neandertal features but are otherwise morphologically undiagnostic. However, it has unilateral mandibular foramen lingular bridging, an apparently derived Neandertal feature. It therefore presents a mosaic of archaic, early modern human and possibly Neandertal morphological features, emphasizing both the complex population dynamics of modern human dispersal into Europe and the subsequent morphological evolution of European early modern humans. </p> </div> <br> <dl class="s-abstract-dl-horizontal"> <dt>Publication:</dt> <dd> <div id="article-publication">Proceedings of the National Academy of Science</div> </dd> <dt>Pub Date:</dt> <dd>September 2003</dd> <dt>DOI:</dt> <dd> <span> <a href="/link_gateway/2003PNAS..10011231T/doi:10.1073/pnas.2035108100" target="_blank" rel="noopener">10.1073/pnas.2035108100</a> <i class="fa fa-external-link"></i> </span> </dd> <dt>Bibcode:</dt> <dd> <a href="/abs/2003PNAS..10011231T/abstract"> 2003PNAS..10011231T </a> <i class="icon-help" title="The bibcode is assigned by the ADS as a unique identifier for the paper."></i> </dd> <dt>Keywords:</dt> <dd> <ul class="list-inline"> <li>ANTHROPOLOGY</li> </ul> </dd> </dl> </article> </div> <div data-widget="ShowCitations"></div> <div data-widget="ShowReferences"></div> <div data-widget="ShowCoreads"></div> <div data-widget="ShowSimilar"></div> <div data-widget="ShowTableofcontents"></div> <div data-widget="ShowGraphics"></div> <div data-widget="ShowExportcitation" data-origin="abstract"></div> <div data-widget="ShowMetrics" data-allow-redirect="false"></div> <div data-widget="MetaTagsWidget"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="s-right-col-container col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-3 col-lg-2 s-right-column" id="right-col-container" > <div data-widget="ShowResources"> <div data-reactroot="" class="s-right-col-widget-container" style="padding: 10px" > <div> <div class="resources__container"> <div class="resources__full__list"> <div class="resources__header__row"> <i class="fa fa-file-text-o" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <div class="resources__header__title">full text sources</div> </div> <div class="resources__content"> <div class="resources__content__title">Publisher</div> <div class="resources__content__links"> <span> <a href="/link_gateway/2003PNAS..10011231T/PUB_PDF" rel="noopener" class="resources__content__link " > <i class="fa fa-file-pdf-o" aria-hidden="true"> </i> </a> <div class="resources__content__link__separator">|</div> </span> <span> <a href="/link_gateway/2003PNAS..10011231T/PUB_HTML" rel="noopener" class="resources__content__link " > <i class="fa fa-file-text" aria-hidden="true"> </i> </a> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-widget="ShowAssociated"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-widget="ShowGraphicsSidebar"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="footer-container"> <div data-widget="FooterWidget"> <div class="footer s-footer"> <footer> <div class="__footer_wrapper"> <div class="__footer_brand"> 漏 The SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System <div class="__footer_brand_extra"> <p> <i class="fa fa-envelope"></i> adshelp[at]cfa.harvard.edu </p> <p> The ADS is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory under NASA Cooperative Agreement <em>NNX16AC86A</em> </p> </div> <div class="__footer_brand_logos"> <a href="http://www.nasa.gov" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <img src="/styles/img/nasa.svg" alt="NASA logo" id="nasa-logo"> </a> <a href="http://www.si.edu" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <img id="smithsonian-logo" src="/styles/img/smithsonian.svg" alt="Smithsonian logo"> </a> <a href="https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <img src="/styles/img/cfa.png" title="Harvard Center for Astrophysics logo" id="cfa-logo"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="__footer_list"> <div class="__footer_list_title"> Resources </div> <ul class="__footer_links"> <li> <a href="/about/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> About ADS </a> </li> <li> <a href="//ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/help/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <i class="fa fa-info-circle"></i> ADS Help </a> </li> <li> <a href="//ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/help/whats_new/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <i class="fa fa-bullhorn"></i> What's New </a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/careers/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <i class="fa fa-group"></i> Careers@ADS </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="__footer_list"> <div class="__footer_list_title"> Social </div> <ul class="__footer_links"> <li> <a href="//twitter.com/adsabs" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <i class="fa fa-twitter"></i> @adsabs </a> </li> <li> <a href="//ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/blog/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <i class="fa fa-newspaper-o"></i> ADS Blog </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="__footer_list"> <div class="__footer_list_title"> Project </div> <ul class="__footer_links"> <li> <a href="/core/never">Switch to full ADS</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://adsisdownorjustme.herokuapp.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Is ADS down? (or is it just me...)</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.si.edu" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Smithsonian Institution</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.si.edu/Privacy" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Smithsonian Privacy Notice</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.si.edu/Termsofuse" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Smithsonian Terms of Use</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/sao" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.nasa.gov" target="_blank" rel="noopener">NASA</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </footer> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="darkSwitch" class="darkmode-toggle hidden" title="Turn on dark mode">馃寭</div> <script> function autocomplete(searchBox, autoValues) { // Arguments: the text field element and an array of possible autocompleted values var currentFocus; // selected autocomplete option // Function to be run when the user types searchBox.addEventListener("input", function(e) { var a, b, i, val = this.value; // close any list of autocomplete values closeAllLists(); if (!val) { return false;} val = val.split(/\s+/); val = val[val.length - 1]; if (!val) { return false;} currentFocus = -1; // Create a DIV element that will contain the items (values): a = document.createElement("DIV"); a.setAttribute("id", this.id + "autocomplete-list"); a.setAttribute("class", "autocomplete-items"); // Append the DIV element as a child of the autocomplete container: this.parentNode.appendChild(a); for (i = 0; i < autoValues.length; i++) { // Check if the item starts with the same letters as the text field value: if (autoValues[i].match.substr(0, val.length).toUpperCase() == val.toUpperCase()) { // Create a DIV element for each matching element: b = document.createElement("DIV"); b.innerHTML = autoValues[i].label; if ("desc" in autoValues[i]) { b.innerHTML += " <i>" + autoValues[i].desc + "</i>"; } if (autoValues[i].value.startsWith(autoValues[i].match) ) { b.innerHTML += " | <strong>" + autoValues[i].match.substr(0, val.length) + "</strong>"; b.innerHTML += autoValues[i].match.substr(val.length); } // Insert a input field that will hold the current array item's value: b.innerHTML += "<input type='hidden' value='" + autoValues[i].value + "'>"; // Listen to clicks on the item value (DIV element): b.addEventListener("click", function(e) { var terms = searchBox.value.split(/\s+/); // Remove the current part of the input used for matching terms.pop(); // Insert the value for the autocomplete text field: terms.push(this.getElementsByTagName("input")[0].value); searchBox.value = terms.join(" "); // Move cursor position inside quotes/parenthesis if needed searchBox.focus(); if (searchBox.value[searchBox.value.length-1] === '"' || searchBox.value[searchBox.value.length-1] === ')') { searchBox.setSelectionRange(searchBox.value.length-1, searchBox.value.length-1); } // Close the list of autocompleted values closeAllLists(); }); a.appendChild(b); } } if (a.children.length > 0) { // By default, enter will select the first entry currentFocus = 0; addActive(a.children); } }); /*execute a function presses a key on the keyboard:*/ searchBox.addEventListener("keydown", function(e) { var x = document.getElementById(this.id + "autocomplete-list"); if (x) x = x.getElementsByTagName("div"); if (e.keyCode == 40) { // If the arrow DOWN key is pressed, increase the currentFocus variable: currentFocus++; addActive(x); } else if (e.keyCode == 38) { //up // If the arrow UP key is pressed, decrease the currentFocus variable: currentFocus--; /*and and make the current item more visible:*/ addActive(x); } else if (e.keyCode == 13) { // If the ENTER key is pressed: if (currentFocus > -1) { // Prevent the form from being submitted: e.preventDefault(); // Simulate a click on the "active" item: if (x) x[currentFocus].click(); currentFocus = -1; } } }); function addActive(x) { // Classify an item as "active": if (!x) return false; // Remove the "active" class on all items: removeActive(x); if (currentFocus >= x.length) currentFocus = 0; if (currentFocus < 0) currentFocus = (x.length - 1); // Add class "autocomplete-active": x[currentFocus].classList.add("autocomplete-active"); } function removeActive(x) { // Remove the "active" class from all autocomplete items: for (var i = 0; i < x.length; i++) { x[i].classList.remove("autocomplete-active"); } } function closeAllLists(elmnt) { // Close all autocomplete lists in the document, except the one passed as an argument: var x = document.getElementsByClassName("autocomplete-items"); for (var i = 0; i < x.length; i++) { if (elmnt != x[i] && elmnt != searchBox) { x[i].parentNode.removeChild(x[i]); } } } // Any other clicks in the document: document.addEventListener("click", function (e) { closeAllLists(e.target); }); } var autoList = [ { value: 'author:""', label: 'Author', match: 'author:"' }, { value: 'author:"^"', label: 'First Author', match: 'first author' }, { value: 'author:"^"', label: 'First Author', match: 'author:"^' }, { value: 'bibcode:""', label: 'Bibcode', desc: 'e.g. bibcode:1989ApJ...342L..71R', match: 'bibcode:"' }, { value: 'bibstem:""', label: 'Publication', desc: 'e.g. bibstem:ApJ', match: 'bibstem:"' }, { value: 'bibstem:""', label: 'Publication', desc: 'e.g. bibstem:ApJ', match: 'publication (bibstem)' }, { value: 'arXiv:', label: 'arXiv ID', match: 'arxiv:' }, { value: 'doi:', label: 'DOI', match: 'doi:' }, { value: 'full:""', label: 'Full text search', desc: 'title, abstract, and body', match: 'full:' }, { value: 'full:""', label: 'Full text search', desc: 'title, abstract, and body', match: 'fulltext' }, { value: 'full:""', label: 'Full text search', desc: 'title, abstract, and body', match: 'text' }, { value: 'year:', label: 'Year', match: 'year' }, { value: 'year:1999-2005', label: 'Year Range', desc: 'e.g. 1999-2005', match: 'year range' }, { value: 'aff:""', label: 'Affiliation', match: 'aff:' }, { value: 'abs:""', label: 'Search abstract + title + keywords', match: 'abs:' }, { value: 'database:astronomy', label: 'Limit to papers in the astronomy database', match: 'database:astronomy' }, { value: 'database:physics', label: 'Limit to papers in the physics database', match: 'database:physics' }, { value: 'title:""', label: 'Title', match: 'title:"' }, { value: 'orcid:', label: 'ORCiD identifier', match: 'orcid:' }, { value: 'object:', label: 'SIMBAD object (e.g. object:LMC)', match: 'object:' }, { value: 'property:refereed', label: 'Limit to refereed', desc: '(property:refereed)', match: 'refereed' }, { value: 'property:refereed', label: 'Limit to refereed', desc: '(property:refereed)', match: 'property:refereed' }, { value: 'property:notrefereed', label: 'Limit to non-refereed', desc: '(property:notrefereed)', match: 'property:notrefereed' }, { value: 'property:notrefereed', label: 'Limit to non-refereed', desc: '(property:notrefereed)', match: 'notrefereed' }, { value: 'property:eprint', label: 'Limit to eprints', desc: '(property:eprint)', match: 'eprint' }, { value: 'property:eprint', label: 'Limit to eprints', desc: '(property:eprint)', match: 'property:eprint' }, { value: 'property:openaccess', label: 'Limit to open access', desc: '(property:openaccess)', match: 'property:openaccess' }, { value: 'property:openaccess', label: 'Limit to open access', desc: '(property:openaccess)', match: 'openaccess' }, { value: 'doctype:software', label: 'Limit to software', desc: '(doctype:software)', match: 'software' }, { value: 'doctype:software', label: 'Limit to software', desc: '(doctype:software)', match: 'doctype:software' }, { value: 'property:inproceedings', label: 'Limit to papers in conference proceedings', desc: '(property:inproceedings)', match: 'proceedings' }, { value: 'property:inproceedings', label: 'Limit to papers in conference proceedings', desc: '(property:inproceedings)', match: 'property:inproceedings' }, { value: 'citations()', label: 'Citations', desc: 'Get papers citing your search result set', match: 'citations(' }, { value: 'references()', label: 'References', desc: 'Get papers referenced by your search result set', match: 'references(' }, { value: 'trending()', label: 'Trending', desc: 'Get papers most read by users who recently read your search result set', match: 'trending(' }, { value: 'reviews()', label: 'Review Articles', desc: 'Get most relevant papers that cite your search result set', match: 'reviews(' }, { value: 'useful()', label: 'Useful', desc: 'Get papers most frequently cited by your search result set', match: 'useful(' }, { value: 'similar()', label: 'Similar', desc: 'Get papers that have similar full text to your search result set', match: 'similar(' }, ]; // initiate the autocomplete function on the "q" element, and pass along the operators array as possible autocomplete values: inputBox = document.getElementById("q") if (inputBox) { inputBox.focus() // autofucs inputBox.setSelectionRange(inputBox.value.length, inputBox.value.length); // bring cursor to the end autocomplete(inputBox, autoList); } </script> <script> (function() { // turn off no-js if we have javascript document.documentElement.className = document.documentElement.className.replace("no-js", "js"); function getCookie(cname) { var name = cname + "="; var decodedCookie = decodeURIComponent(document.cookie); var ca = decodedCookie.split(';'); for (var i = 0; i < ca.length; i++) { var c = ca[i]; while (c.charAt(0) == ' ') { c = c.substring(1); } if (c.indexOf(name) == 0) { return c.substring(name.length, c.length); } } return ""; } (function() { // looks for the cookie, and sets true if its 'always' const coreCookie = getCookie('core') === 'always'; // only load bumblebee if we detect the core cookie and we are on abstract page if (coreCookie || (!(/^\/abs\//.test(document.location.pathname)) && !coreCookie)) { return; } window.__PRERENDERED = true; const addScript = function(args, cb) { const script = document.createElement('script'); Object.keys(args).forEach((key) => { script.setAttribute(key, args[key]); }); script.onload = function() { cb && cb(script); }; document.body.appendChild(script); } window.require = { waitSeconds: 0, baseUrl: '/' }; addScript({ src: '/libs/require.js' }, () => { addScript({ src: '/config/shim.js' }); }); })(); })(); </script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

An early modern human from the Pe艧tera cu Oase, Romania - NASA/ADS