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class=""><span>기부</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%EA%B4%91%ED%95%99" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다" class=""><span>계정 만들기</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EA%B4%91%ED%95%99" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>로그인</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="더 많은 옵션" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="개인 도구" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">개인 도구</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="사용자 메뉴" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko"><span>기부</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%EA%B4%91%ED%95%99" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>계정 만들기</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EA%B4%91%ED%95%99" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>로그인</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 로그아웃한 편집자를 위한 문서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C" aria-label="편집에 관해 더 알아보기"><span>더 알아보기</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC" title="이 IP 주소의 편집 목록 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>기여</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0" title="현재 사용하는 IP 주소에 대한 토론 문서 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="목차" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">목차</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">처음 위치</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-역사" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#역사"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>역사</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-역사-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-분야" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#분야"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>분야</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-분야-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-각주" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#각주"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>각주</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-각주-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-외부_링크" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#외부_링크"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>외부 링크</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-외부_링크-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">광학</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="다른 언어로 문서를 방문합니다. 110개 언어로 읽을 수 있습니다" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-110" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">110개 언어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika" title="Optika – 아프리칸스어" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Optika" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="아프리칸스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="بصريات – 아랍어" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بصريات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93ptica" title="Óptica – 아스투리아어" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Óptica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="아스투리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika" title="Optika – 아제르바이잔어" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Optika" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="아제르바이잔어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="اوپتیکا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اوپتیکا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optik" title="Optik – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Optik" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opt%C4%97ka" title="Optėka – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Optėka" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika" title="Optika – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Optika" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Оптыка – 벨라루스어" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Оптыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="벨라루스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Оптыка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Оптыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Оптика – 불가리아어" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Оптика" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="불가리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="আলোকবিজ্ঞান – 벵골어" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আলোকবিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="벵골어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8B" title="འོད་རིག་པ་ – 티베트어" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="འོད་རིག་པ་" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="티베트어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="알찬 글"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika" title="Optika – 보스니아어" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Optika" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="보스니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%92ptica" title="Òptica – 카탈로니아어" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Òptica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="카탈로니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%86%D9%BE%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="ئۆپتیک – 소라니 쿠르드어" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئۆپتیک" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="소라니 쿠르드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika" title="Optika – 체코어" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Optika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="체코어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Оптика – 추바시어" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Оптика" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="추바시어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opteg" title="Opteg – 웨일스어" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Opteg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="웨일스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optik" title="Optik – 덴마크어" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Optik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="덴마크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optik" title="Optik – 독일어" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Optik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="독일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%80%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE" title="Οπτική – 그리스어" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οπτική" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="그리스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optics" title="Optics – 영어" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Optics" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optiko" title="Optiko – 에스페란토어" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Optiko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="에스페란토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93ptica" title="Óptica – 스페인어" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Óptica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="스페인어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika" title="Optika – 에스토니아어" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Optika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="에스토니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika" title="Optika – 바스크어" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Optika" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="바스크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93tica" title="Ótica – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Ótica" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="نورشناسی – 페르시아어" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نورشناسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="페르시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optiikka" title="Optiikka – 핀란드어" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Optiikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="핀란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valgus%C3%B5oppus" title="Valgusõoppus – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Valgusõoppus" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optique" title="Optique – 프랑스어" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Optique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="프랑스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optik" title="Optik – 북부 프리지아어" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Optik" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="북부 프리지아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otiche" title="Otiche – 프리울리어" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Otiche" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="프리울리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optaic" title="Optaic – 아일랜드어" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Optaic" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="아일랜드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%92ptik" title="Òptik – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Òptik" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93ptica" title="Óptica – 갈리시아어" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Óptica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="갈리시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94" title="אופטיקה – 히브리어" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אופטיקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="히브리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="प्रकाशिकी – 힌디어" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्रकाशिकी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="힌디어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika" title="Optika – 크로아티아어" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Optika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika" title="Optika – 헝가리어" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Optika" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="헝가리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%BA%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1" title="Օպտիկա – 아르메니아어" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օպտիկա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="아르메니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optica" title="Optica – 인터링구아" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Optica" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="인터링구아" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika" title="Optika – 인도네시아어" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Optika" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="인도네시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optiko" title="Optiko – 이도어" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Optiko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="이도어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lj%C3%B3sfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Ljósfræði – 아이슬란드어" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ljósfræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="아이슬란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottica" title="Ottica – 이탈리아어" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ottica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="이탈리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%A6" title="光学 – 일본어" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="光学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="일본어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika" title="Optika – 자바어" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Optika" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="자바어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ოპტიკა – 조지아어" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოპტიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="조지아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Оптика – 카자흐어" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Оптика" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="카자흐어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%83%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9E%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ದೃಗ್ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ – 칸나다어" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ದೃಗ್ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="칸나다어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opt%C3%AEk" title="Optîk – 쿠르드어" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Optîk" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="쿠르드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Оптика – 키르기스어" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Оптика" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="키르기스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optica" title="Optica – 라틴어" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Optica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="라틴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optik" title="Optik – 룩셈부르크어" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Optik" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="룩셈부르크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika" title="Optika – 리투아니아어" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Optika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="리투아니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika" title="Optika – 라트비아어" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Optika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="라트비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="알찬 글"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Оптика – 마케도니아어" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Оптика" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="마케도니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="പ്രകാശശാസ്ത്രം – 말라얄람어" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പ്രകാശശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="말라얄람어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Оптик – 몽골어" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Оптик" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="몽골어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optik" title="Optik – 말레이어" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Optik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="말레이어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93tica" title="Ótica – 미란데어" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ótica" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="미란데어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="अप्तिक्स – 네와르어" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="अप्तिक्स" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="네와르어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optica" title="Optica – 네덜란드어" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Optica" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="네덜란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optikk" title="Optikk – 노르웨이어(니노르스크)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Optikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(니노르스크)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optikk" title="Optikk – 노르웨이어(보크말)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Optikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(보크말)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optica" title="Optica – 오크어" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Optica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="오크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8" title="ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸ਼ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ – 펀잡어" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸ਼ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="펀잡어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optyka" title="Optyka – 폴란드어" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Optyka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="폴란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%92tica" title="Òtica – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Òtica" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%81%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="د نور فزیک – 파슈토어" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د نور فزیک" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="파슈토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93ptica" title="Óptica – 포르투갈어" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Óptica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="포르투갈어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optic%C4%83" title="Optică – 루마니아어" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Optică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="루마니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Оптика – 러시아어" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Оптика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="러시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Оптіка – 루신어" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Оптіка" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="루신어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9E_%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AC%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A5" title="ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ – 산탈리어" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="산탈리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%92ttica" title="Òttica – 시칠리아어" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Òttica" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="시칠리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="بصريات – 신디어" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="بصريات" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="신디어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika" title="Optika – 세르비아-크로아티아어" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Optika" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="세르비아-크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasni%E1%BA%93%E1%B9%9Bi" title="Tasniẓṛi – 타셸히트어" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tasniẓṛi" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="타셸히트어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="ප්‍රකාශ විද්‍යාව – 싱할라어" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ප්‍රකාශ විද්‍යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="싱할라어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optics" title="Optics – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Optics" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika_(odbor)" title="Optika (odbor) – 슬로바키아어" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Optika (odbor)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="슬로바키아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika" title="Optika – 슬로베니아어" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Optika" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="슬로베니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araga" title="Araga – 소말리아어" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Araga" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="소말리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika" title="Optika – 알바니아어" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Optika" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="알바니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Оптика – 세르비아어" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Оптика" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="세르비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optik" title="Optik – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Optik" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optik" title="Optik – 스웨덴어" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Optik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="스웨덴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="ஒளியியல் – 타밀어" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஒளியியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="타밀어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BF_%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="కాంతి శాస్త్రం – 텔루구어" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కాంతి శాస్త్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="텔루구어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Оптика – 타지크어" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Оптика" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="타지크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="ทัศนศาสตร์ – 태국어" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ทัศนศาสตร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="태국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika" title="Optika – 타갈로그어" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Optika" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="타갈로그어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optik" title="Optik – 터키어" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Optik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="터키어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="좋은 글"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Оптика – 타타르어" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Оптика" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="타타르어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Оптика – 우크라이나어" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Оптика" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="우크라이나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B5%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="بصریات – 우르두어" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بصریات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="우르두어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika" title="Optika – 우즈베크어" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Optika" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="우즈베크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optik" title="Optik – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Optik" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quang_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Quang học – 베트남어" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quang học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="베트남어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika" title="Optika – 와라이어" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Optika" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="와라이어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngiste" title="Ngiste – 월로프어" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Ngiste" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="월로프어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%A6" title="光学 – 우어" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="光学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="우어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7" title="אפטיק – 이디시어" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אפטיק" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="이디시어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%A5%E2%B5%95%E2%B5%89" title="ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵥⵕⵉ – 표준 모로코 타마지트어" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵥⵕⵉ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="표준 모로코 타마지트어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%A6" title="光学 – 중국어" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="光学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="중국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%B8" title="光學 – 광둥어" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="光學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="광둥어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezomkhanyizo" title="Ezomkhanyizo – 줄루어" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Ezomkhanyizo" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="줄루어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14620#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="언어 간 링크 편집" class="wbc-editpage">링크 편집</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">보이기</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ko" dir="ltr"><p><span class="nowrap"></span> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:F%C3%A9nyvisszaver%C5%91d%C3%A9s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/F%C3%A9nyvisszaver%C5%91d%C3%A9s.jpg/220px-F%C3%A9nyvisszaver%C5%91d%C3%A9s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/F%C3%A9nyvisszaver%C5%91d%C3%A9s.jpg/330px-F%C3%A9nyvisszaver%C5%91d%C3%A9s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/F%C3%A9nyvisszaver%C5%91d%C3%A9s.jpg/440px-F%C3%A9nyvisszaver%C5%91d%C3%A9s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1712" data-file-height="1368" /></a><figcaption>거울에 반사되는 빛의 입사각과 반사각</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34311307">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox" style="width: 200px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><a href="/wiki/%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="물리학">물리학</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">물리학이 다루는 여러 자연 현상<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:CollageFisica.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/CollageFisica.jpg/200px-CollageFisica.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/CollageFisica.jpg/300px-CollageFisica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/CollageFisica.jpg/400px-CollageFisica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="831" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#aaaaaa; text-align:center;">주요 개념</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/%EB%AC%BC%EC%A7%88" title="물질">물질</a>, <a href="/wiki/%ED%9E%98_(%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC)" class="mw-redirect" title="힘 (물리)">힘</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%84%88%EC%A7%80" title="에너지">에너지</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%B4%EB%8F%99_(%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99)" title="운동 (물리학)">운동</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%B3%B8_%EC%83%81%ED%98%B8%EC%9E%91%EC%9A%A9" title="기본 상호작용">기본 상호작용</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#aaaaaa; text-align:center;">주요 분야</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99_(%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99)" title="역학 (물리학)">역학</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EC%A0%84%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="고전역학">고전역학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%9E%90%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="양자역학">양자역학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%86%B5%EA%B3%84%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="통계역학">통계역학</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="열역학">열역학</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="동역학">동역학</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EC%B2%B4%EB%8F%99%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="유체동역학">유체동역학</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="정역학">정역학</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%99" title="전자기학">전자기학</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">광학</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B2%9C%EC%B2%B4%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="천체물리학">천체물리학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%83%81%EB%8C%80%EC%84%B1_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="상대성 이론">상대성 이론</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98_%EC%83%81%EB%8C%80%EC%84%B1_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="특수 상대성 이론">특수 상대성 이론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B0%98_%EC%83%81%EB%8C%80%EC%84%B1_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="일반 상대성 이론">일반 상대성 이론</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%85%EC%9E%90%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="입자물리학">입자물리학</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80%EB%AA%A8%ED%98%95" class="mw-redirect" title="표준모형">표준모형</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="이론물리학">이론물리학</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%9E%90%EC%9E%A5%EB%A1%A0" title="양자장론">양자장론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B4%88%EB%81%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="초끈이론">초끈이론</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%EB%A6%AC%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="수리물리학">수리물리학</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>광학</b>(光學, <span lang="en">optics</span>)은 빛의 특성을 연구하는 학문이다. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="역사"><span id=".EC.97.AD.EC.82.AC"></span>역사</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B4%91%ED%95%99&action=edit&section=1" title="부분 편집: 역사"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>인류 문명의 초기부터 빛은 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="물리학">물리학</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%B2%A0%ED%95%99" title="철학">철학</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%98%ED%95%99" title="의학">의학</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%ED%95%99" title="신학">신학</a> 등 여러 학문에 걸쳐 언급되었고 연구되었다. <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%ED%81%B4%EB%A6%AC%EB%93%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="유클리드">유클리드</a>는 그의 저서를 통해 빛의 직진성과 반사법칙 등을 언급하였고 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%86%A0%ED%85%94%EB%A0%88%EC%8A%A4" title="아리스토텔레스">아리스토텔레스</a>, <a href="/wiki/%ED%81%B4%EB%9D%BC%EC%9A%B0%EB%94%94%EC%98%A4%EC%8A%A4_%ED%94%84%ED%86%A8%EB%A0%88%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%EC%98%A4%EC%8A%A4" title="클라우디오스 프톨레마이오스">프톨레마이오스</a> 등도 빛의 성질을 다루었으며 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EC%84%B8" title="중세">중세</a>의 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EC%9D%B4%EC%BB%A8" title="베이컨">베이컨</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B9%84%ED%85%94%EB%A1%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="비텔로 (없는 문서)">비텔로</a> 등의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%B2%A0%ED%95%99%EC%9E%90" title="철학자">철학자</a>들 또한 빛의 성질에 관심을 보였다. 중세 이슬람의 과학자 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%ED%95%98%EC%9D%B4%ED%83%90" class="mw-redirect" title="알하이탐">알하이탐</a>은 《광학의 서》에서 직접 관찰한 빛의 직진, 분산, 반사, 굴절 등과 같은 현상을 기록해 놓았다.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 알하이탐의 《광학의 서》는 1270년 라틴어로 번역되어 유럽의 과학 연구에 많은 영향을 주기도 하였다. </p><p>그러나 광학이 체계적으로 연구되기 시작한 것은 17세기 이후의 일로써, 안경 제작자였던 한스에 의해 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%9D%EC%9B%90%EA%B2%BD" title="망원경">망원경</a>이 세상에 알려지면서 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%88%EB%A6%B4%EB%A0%88%EC%98%A4_%EA%B0%88%EB%A6%B4%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4" title="갈릴레오 갈릴레이">갈릴레이</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%94%ED%95%98%EB%84%A4%EC%8A%A4_%EC%BC%80%ED%94%8C%EB%9F%AC" title="요하네스 케플러">요하네스 케플러</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="데카르트">데카르트</a> 등이 이를 발전시켰다. 당시에는 빛이 <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%ED%85%8C%EB%A5%B4_(%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC)" title="에테르 (물리)">에테르</a>(ether)라는 가상의 매질을 통해 전파된다는 에테르 설이 지배적이었다. 이후 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4%EC%9E%91_%EB%89%B4%ED%84%B4" title="아이작 뉴턴">아이작 뉴턴</a>은 태양광을 <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%A6%98" title="프리즘">프리즘</a>에 통과시켰을 때 굴절률에 따라 색상이 분해된다는 것을 관찰하였고<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, 1704년 《광학》을 출판하면서 빛을 일종의 입자로 설명하였다.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 한편, <a href="/wiki/%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B0%EC%95%88_%ED%95%98%EC%9C%84%ED%97%8C%EC%8A%A4" title="크리스티안 하위헌스">크리스티안 하위헌스</a>는 빛을 파동으로 여겼고, 이를 바탕으로 빛의 반사와 굴절을 완벽하게 설명하는 수리 모형을 수립하였다.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>빛이 입자인지 파동인지에 대한 논란은 이후에도 20세기 초까지 계속되었다. 뉴턴이 입자설을 제기하였으나, 빛은 파동의 성질을 갖는 것이 명확했기 때문이다. <a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%A8%B8%EC%8A%A4_%EC%98%81" title="토머스 영">토머스 영</a>은 이중 슬릿 실험으로 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B0%84%EC%84%AD_%ED%9A%A8%EA%B3%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="간섭 효과 (없는 문서)">간섭 효과</a>를 확인하여 빛이 파동이라는 것을 뒷받침하였고<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%97%90%EB%93%9C%EB%AA%BD_%EB%B2%A0%ED%81%AC%EB%A0%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="에드몽 베크렐 (없는 문서)">에드몽 베크렐</a>의 전기에 의한 발광 실험, 패러데이의 자장에 의한 빛의 편광 실험 등에서 나타난 바를 토대로 맥스웰은 빛 역시 전자파의 일종이라는 사실을 밝혀내었다.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 그러나, 아인슈타인은 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B4%91%EC%A0%84_%ED%9A%A8%EA%B3%BC" title="광전 효과">광전 효과</a> 실험을 통하여 빛이 입자라는 것을 뒷받침하였다.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 빛이 입자로서의 성질과 파동으로서의 성질을 모두 갖고 있다는 것을 모순 없이 설명하는 것은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%9E%90_%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="양자 역학">양자 역학</a>이 수립된 이후에야 가능하였다. 현대 물리학에서는 빛이 맥스웰 방정식을 만족하는 전자파의 성질을 갖는 동시에, 다른 물질과 상호 작용할 때에는 양자화된 에너지의 특성이 나타나 입자적 성질을 보여준다고 설명하고 있다.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="분야"><span id=".EB.B6.84.EC.95.BC"></span>분야</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B4%91%ED%95%99&action=edit&section=2" title="부분 편집: 분야"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>광학의 세부분야로 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%98%EA%B4%91%ED%95%99" title="기하광학">기하광학</a>, <a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EB%8F%99%EA%B4%91%ED%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="파동광학">파동광학</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EA%B4%91%ED%95%99" title="분광학">분광학</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%9E%90%EA%B4%91%ED%95%99" title="양자광학">양자광학</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%B9%84%EC%84%A0%ED%98%95%EA%B4%91%ED%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="비선형광학">비선형광학</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B4%91%EC%9C%A0%EC%A0%84%ED%95%99" title="광유전학">광유전학</a> 등이 있다. 기하광학은 빛의 입자성에 바탕을 두고 진공과 매질 속에서 빛이 지나가는 경로에 관심을 두고 기술하는 분야이고, 파동광학은 빛의 파동성에 바탕을 두고 호이겐스의 원리를 기본으로 회절, 간섭 등의 특성을 기술한다. 분광학은 빛이 매질을 통과하면서 나타나는 여러 현상들을 분석하여 물질의 특성을 연구하는 분야이고, 비선형 광학은 매질 속에서 강한 세기의 빛이 반사 혹은 투과될 때 그 진동수가 두배 혹은 그 이상의 정수배에 해당하는 빛이 나오는 현상을 바탕으로 분광학과 함께 물성연구 등의 다양한 응용이 기대되는 분야이다. 양자광학은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%9E%90_%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="양자 역학">양자 역학</a>에 의해 밝혀진 빛알(혹은 광자, photon)로서의 빛의 성질을 기술하는 분야로 최근 각광받고있는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%9E%90%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="양자컴퓨터">양자컴퓨터</a>와 관련하여 활발한 연구가 진행 중인 분야이다. 광유전학은 빛으로 뇌를 조종하는 분야다. 이 밖에도 색채론 등이 있다. </p><p>일반적으로 광학적 현상을 설명하는 방법으로는 빛을 전자파, 즉 전자기의 파동으로 보아 맥스웰의 방정식에 기반하여 설명하는 방식인 파동광학, 즉 물리 광학과, 빛을 직진하는 광선으로 파악하여 기하학적 도형으로 설명하는 기하 광학이 사용된다. 물리 광학은 빛의 위상이나 편파와 같은 복잡한 현상을 감안하여 빛의 운동을 정확히 기술할 수 있으나, 매우 복잡한 수학을 사용하여야 한다는 단점이 있다. 빛을 받는 물체의 크기가 <a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9E%A5" title="파장">파장</a>보다 충분히 크면 기하학적 모형으로도 비교적 정확한 결과를 얻을 수 있기 때문에 간단한 예측에서는 기하 광학이 많이 사용되지만, 기하 광학은 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B0%84%EC%84%AD_%ED%9A%A8%EA%B3%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="간섭 효과 (없는 문서)">간섭 효과</a>나 <a href="/wiki/%ED%9A%8C%EC%A0%88" title="회절">회절</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%EC%83%81" title="위상">위상</a>과 같은 것은 무시하기 때문에 정밀한 계산 작업에서는 사용되지 않는다.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="각주"><span id=".EA.B0.81.EC.A3.BC"></span>각주</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B4%91%ED%95%99&action=edit&section=3" title="부분 편집: 각주"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r35556958">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wade, Nicholas J.; Finger, Stanley (2001), "The eye as an optical instrument: from camera obscura to Helmholtz's perspective", Perception 30 (10): 1157–1177, doi:10.1068/p3210, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11721819?dopt=Abstract">PMID 11721819</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">존 로지, 정병훈 외 역, 《과학철학의 역사》, 동연 1999년, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r38117996">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/8985467255" title="특수:책찾기/8985467255">8985467255</a>, 110쪽</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">E.T.벨, 안재구 역, 《수학을 만든 사람들》, 미래사, 2002년, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r38117996"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/8970877037" title="특수:책찾기/8970877037">8970877037</a>, 131-132쪽</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">이와타 기이치, 김정환 역, 《위대한 수학자들》, 맑은소리, 2008년, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r38117996"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/8980502001" title="특수:책찾기/8980502001">8980502001</a>, 66쪽</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">아서 밀러, 정영목 역, 《아인슈타인 피카소》, 작가정신, 2002년, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r38117996"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/897288183X" title="특수:책찾기/897288183X">897288183X</a>, 117쪽</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">존 라이트, 김소정 역, 《뉴욕타임즈가 선정한 교양》, 이지북, 2005년, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r38117996"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/8956241775" title="특수:책찾기/8956241775">8956241775</a>, 126쪽</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">한국물리학회, 《빛과 파동 흔들기》, 동아사이언스, 2006년, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r38117996"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/8991844103" title="특수:책찾기/8991844103">8991844103</a>, 15쪽</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">범희승, 《바이오·의·광학》, 전남대학교출판부, 2008년, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r38117996"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/8975986438" title="특수:책찾기/8975986438">8975986438</a>, 23쪽</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">FAWWAZ T. ULABY, 이문수 외 역, 《응용전자기학》, 교보문고, 2002년, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r38117996"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/8970855068" title="특수:책찾기/8970855068">8970855068</a>, 414쪽</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="외부_링크"><span id=".EC.99.B8.EB.B6.80_.EB.A7.81.ED.81.AC"></span>외부 링크</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B4%91%ED%95%99&action=edit&section=4" title="부분 편집: 외부 링크"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36480479">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36480595">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div 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class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99_%EB%B6%84%EC%95%BC" title="특수:문서편집/틀:물리학 분야"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="물리학의_주요_분야" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="물리학">물리학</a>의 주요 분야</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">분류</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%91%EC%9A%A9%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="응용물리학">응용물리학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A4%ED%97%98%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="실험물리학">실험물리학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="이론물리학">이론물리학</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%84%88%EC%A7%80" title="에너지">에너지</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%B4%EB%8F%99_(%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99)" title="운동 (물리학)">운동</a></li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="열역학">열역학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99_(%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99)" title="역학 (물리학)">역학</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EC%A0%84%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="고전역학">고전역학</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%91%EC%A3%BC_%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="라그랑주 역학">라그랑주 역학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EB%B0%80%ED%84%B4_%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="해밀턴 역학">해밀턴 역학</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B0%EC%86%8D%EC%B2%B4_%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="연속체 역학">연속체 역학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B2%9C%EC%B2%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="천체역학">천체역학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%86%B5%EA%B3%84%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="통계역학">통계역학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EC%B2%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="유체역학">유체역학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%9E%90%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="양자역학">양자역학</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EB%8F%99" title="파동">파동</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%A5_(%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99)" title="장 (물리학)">장</a></li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EB%A0%A5" title="중력">중력</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%99" title="전자기학">전자기학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%9E%90%EC%9E%A5%EB%A1%A0" title="양자장론">양자장론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%83%81%EB%8C%80%EC%84%B1%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="상대성이론">상대성이론</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98_%EC%83%81%EB%8C%80%EC%84%B1%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="특수 상대성이론">특수 상대성이론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B0%98_%EC%83%81%EB%8C%80%EC%84%B1%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="일반 상대성이론">일반 상대성이론</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">전문 분야</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EC%86%8D%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="가속물리학">가속물리학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%8C%ED%96%A5%ED%95%99" title="음향학">음향학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B2%9C%EC%B2%B4%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="천체물리학">천체물리학</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B5_%EC%B2%9C%EC%B2%B4%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="핵 천체물리학">핵 천체물리학</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%95%AD%EC%84%B1%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="항성물리학 (없는 문서)">항성물리학</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%97%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%98%A4_%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="헬리오 물리학 (없는 문서)">헬리오 물리학</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%83%9C%EC%96%91%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="태양물리학 (없는 문서)">태양물리학</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%B0%EC%A3%BC%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="우주물리학">우주물리학</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%B2%9C%EC%B2%B4%EC%9E%85%EC%9E%90%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="천체입자물리학 (없는 문서)">천체입자물리학</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%90%EC%9E%90_%EB%B6%84%EC%9E%90_%EA%B4%91_%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="원자 분자 광 물리학">원자 분자 광 물리학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%84%EC%82%B0%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="계산물리학">계산물리학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%91%EC%A7%91%EB%AC%BC%EC%A7%88%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="응집물질물리학">응집물질물리학</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EC%B2%B4%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="고체물리학">고체물리학</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%A7%80%ED%84%B8_%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="디지털 물리학">디지털 물리학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EC%B4%88%EA%B3%B5%ED%95%99" title="기초공학">기초공학</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9E%AC%EB%A3%8C%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="재료물리학 (없는 문서)">재료물리학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%EB%A6%AC%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="수리물리학">수리물리학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B5%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="핵물리학">핵물리학</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">광학</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%98%EA%B4%91%ED%95%99" title="기하광학">기하광학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%EA%B4%91%ED%95%99" title="물리광학">물리광학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B9%84%EC%84%A0%ED%98%95_%EA%B4%91%ED%95%99" title="비선형 광학">비선형 광학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%9E%90%EA%B4%91%ED%95%99" title="양자광학">양자광학</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%85%EC%9E%90%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="입자물리학">입자물리학</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%ED%98%84%EC%83%81%ED%95%99" title="현상학">현상학</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%94%8C%EB%9D%BC%EC%8A%A4%EB%A7%88" title="플라스마">플라스마</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EB%B6%84%EC%9E%90%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="고분자물리학">고분자물리학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%86%B5%EA%B3%84%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="통계물리학">통계물리학</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">물리학과 다른 과학</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%83%9D%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="생물리학">생물리학</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%8B%AC%EC%9E%A5%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="심장물리학 (없는 문서)">심장물리학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%83%9D%EB%AC%BC%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="생물역학">생물역학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%98%ED%95%99%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="의학물리학">의학물리학</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%8B%A0%EA%B2%BD%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="신경물리학 (없는 문서)">신경물리학</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%86%8D%EC%97%85%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="농업물리학 (없는 문서)">농업물리학</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EC%96%91%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="토양물리학 (없는 문서)">토양물리학</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EA%B8%B0%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="대기물리학">대기물리학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="화학물리학">화학물리학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B2%BD%EC%A0%9C%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="경제물리학">경제물리학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%80%EA%B5%AC%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="지구물리학">지구물리학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%A0%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="정신물리학">정신물리학</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36429174"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%A0%84%EA%B1%B0_%ED%86%B5%EC%A0%9C" title="위키백과:전거 통제">전거 통제</a>: 국가 <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620#identifiers" title="위키데이터에서 편집하기"><img alt="위키데이터에서 편집하기" 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data-nosnippet="">원본 주소 "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=광학&oldid=36893617">https://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=광학&oldid=36893617</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98" title="특수:분류">분류</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EA%B4%91%ED%95%99" title="분류:광학">광학</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="분류:물리학">물리학</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">숨은 분류: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%ED%95%B4%EA%B2%B0%EB%90%98%EC%A7%80_%EC%95%8A%EC%9D%80_%EC%86%8D%EC%84%B1%EC%9D%B4_%EC%9E%88%EB%8A%94_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:해결되지 않은 속성이 있는 문서">해결되지 않은 속성이 있는 문서</a></li><li><a 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