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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Spin-orbit angle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spin-orbit_angle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kepler_mission" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kepler_mission"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span><i>Kepler</i> mission</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kepler_mission-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle <i>Kepler</i> mission subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kepler_mission-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Physical_characteristics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Physical_characteristics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Physical characteristics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Physical_characteristics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Albedo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Albedo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Albedo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Albedo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Temperature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Temperature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Temperature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Temperature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> 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class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">TrES-2b</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="TrES-2b" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2b" title="TrES-2b – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="TrES-2b" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2" title="TrES-2 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="TrES-2" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2b" title="TrES-2b – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="TrES-2b" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2b" title="TrES-2b – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="TrES-2b" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2_b" title="TrES-2 b – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="TrES-2 b" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2b" title="TrES-2b – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="TrES-2b" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2b" title="TrES-2b – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="TrES-2b" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2b" title="TrES-2b – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="TrES-2b" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2b" title="TrES-2b – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="TrES-2b" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D-2%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF" title="ട്രെസ്-2ബി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ട്രെസ്-2ബി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2b" title="TrES-2b – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="TrES-2b" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2" title="TrES-2 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="TrES-2" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2b" title="TrES-2b – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="TrES-2b" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2b" title="TrES-2b – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="TrES-2b" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2b" title="TrES-2b – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="TrES-2b" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2b" title="TrES-2b – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="TrES-2b" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D-2%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF" title="டிரெஸ்-2பி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="டிரெஸ்-2பி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA-2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5" title="ทีอาร์อีเอส-2บี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ทีอาร์อีเอส-2บี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2" title="TrES-2 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="TrES-2" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2b" title="TrES-2b – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="TrES-2b" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2b" title="TrES-2b – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="TrES-2b" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2b" title="TrES-2b – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="TrES-2b" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2b" title="TrES-2b – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="TrES-2b" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2b" title="TrES-2b – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="TrES-2b" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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.sky-coordinates-display{line-height:1.5em;text-align:right;text-indent:0;text-transform:none;white-space:nowrap}body.skin-vector-legacy .mw-parser-output .sky-coordinates-display{font-size:85%}</style><span class="sky-coordinates-display plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a href="/wiki/Celestial_coordinate_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Celestial coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Sky map"><img alt="Sky map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Jupiter_and_moon.png/20px-Jupiter_and_moon.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Jupiter_and_moon.png/30px-Jupiter_and_moon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Jupiter_and_moon.png/40px-Jupiter_and_moon.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wikisky.org/?ra=19.120555555556&de=49.316388888889&zoom=4&show_grid=1&show_constellation_lines=1&show_constellation_boundaries=1&show_const_names=1&show_galaxies=1&img_source=IMG_all">19<sup>h</sup> 07<sup>m</sup> 14<sup>s</sup>, +49° 18′ 59″</a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Exoplanet in the constellation Draco, known for 'Darkest Exoplanet'</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">TrES-2b / Kepler-1b</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:TrES-2b.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/TrES-2b.png/290px-TrES-2b.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/TrES-2b.png/435px-TrES-2b.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/TrES-2b.png/580px-TrES-2b.png 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">An artist's impression of TrES-2b with its host star</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#E0CCFF">Discovery<sup id="cite_ref-O'Donovan2006_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-O'Donovan2006-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="max-width:11em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_planet_discoverers" title="List of minor planet discoverers">Discovered by</a></th><td class="infobox-data">O'Donovan et al.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="max-width:11em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_observatory_codes" title="List of observatory codes">Discovery site</a></th><td class="infobox-data">California & Arizona, USA</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="max-width:11em;">Discovery date</th><td class="infobox-data">August 21, 2006<br />confirmed September 8, 2006</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="max-width:11em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Methods_of_detecting_exoplanets" title="Methods of detecting exoplanets">Detection method</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Transit_method" class="mw-redirect" title="Transit method">Transit</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#E0CCFF"><a href="/wiki/Osculating_orbit" title="Osculating orbit">Orbital characteristics</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="max-width:11em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Semi-major_and_semi-minor_axes" title="Semi-major and semi-minor axes">Semi-major axis</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6998355600000000000♠"></span>0.035<span style="margin-left:.25em;">56</span><span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.000<span style="margin-left:.25em;">75</span></span> <a href="/wiki/Astronomical_unit" title="Astronomical unit">AU</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="max-width:11em;"><a href="/wiki/Orbital_eccentricity" title="Orbital eccentricity">Eccentricity</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="max-width:11em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Orbital_period" title="Orbital period">Orbital period (sidereal)</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000247061436999999♠"></span>2.470<span style="margin-left:.25em;">614</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">37</span>(9)</span><sup id="cite_ref-Ozturk2019_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ozturk2019-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Day" title="Day">d</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="max-width:11em;"><a href="/wiki/Orbital_inclination" title="Orbital inclination">Inclination</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7001838900000000000♠"></span>83.89<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.29</span><sup id="cite_ref-Ozturk2019_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ozturk2019-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="max-width:11em;">Star</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/GSC_03549-02811" title="GSC 03549-02811">GSC 03549-02811</a> A<sup id="cite_ref-binary_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-binary-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#E0CCFF"><span class="anchor" id="Infobox_Physical_characteristics"></span>Physical characteristics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="max-width:11em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Mean_radius_(astronomy)" title="Mean radius (astronomy)">Mean radius</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000122900000000000♠"></span>1.229<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.065</span><sup id="cite_ref-Ozturk2019_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ozturk2019-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Jupiter_radius" title="Jupiter radius"><var>R</var><sub>J</sub></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="max-width:11em;"><a href="/wiki/Mass" title="Mass">Mass</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000119900000000000♠"></span>1.199<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.052</span><sup id="cite_ref-binary_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-binary-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Jupiter_mass" title="Jupiter mass"><var>M</var><sub>J</sub></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="max-width:11em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Surface_gravity" title="Surface gravity">Surface gravity</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1.42<sup id="cite_ref-Ozturk2019_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ozturk2019-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/G-force" title="G-force">g</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="max-width:11em;"><a href="/wiki/Albedo" title="Albedo">Albedo</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0.0136</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="max-width:11em;"><a href="/wiki/Temperature" title="Temperature">Temperature</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1885<span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">+51</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">−66</sub></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-Angerhausen2015_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Angerhausen2015-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>TrES-2b</b> (also known as <b>Kepler-1b</b> or <b>GSC 03549-02811b</b>) is an <a href="/wiki/Exoplanet" title="Exoplanet">extrasolar planet</a> orbiting the star <a href="/wiki/GSC_03549-02811" title="GSC 03549-02811">GSC 03549-02811</a> located 750 <a href="/wiki/Light_year" class="mw-redirect" title="Light year">light years</a> away from the <a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Solar System</a>. The planet was identified in 2011 as the darkest known <a href="/wiki/Exoplanet" title="Exoplanet">exoplanet</a>, reflecting less than 1% of any light that hits it. Reflecting less light than charcoal, on the surface the planet is said to be pitch black.<sup id="cite_ref-darkest_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-darkest-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The planet's mass and radius indicate that it is a <a href="/wiki/Gas_giant" title="Gas giant">gas giant</a> with a bulk composition similar to that of <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a>. Unlike Jupiter, but similar to many planets detected around other stars, TrES-2b is located very close to its star and belongs to the class of planets known as <a href="/wiki/Hot_Jupiter" title="Hot Jupiter">hot Jupiters</a>. This system was within the <a href="/wiki/Field_of_view" title="Field of view">field of view</a> of the <i>Kepler</i> spacecraft.<sup id="cite_ref-O'Donovan2006_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-O'Donovan2006-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This planet continues to be studied by other projects, and the parameters are continuously improving. A 2007 study improved stellar and planetary parameters.<sup id="cite_ref-impro_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-impro-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2008 study concluded that the TrES-2 system is a <a href="/wiki/Binary_star" title="Binary star">binary star</a> system. This significantly affects the values for the stellar and the planetary parameters.<sup id="cite_ref-binary_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-binary-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discovery">Discovery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TrES-2b&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Discovery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TrES-2_b_rv.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/TrES-2_b_rv.svg/220px-TrES-2_b_rv.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/TrES-2_b_rv.svg/330px-TrES-2_b_rv.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/TrES-2_b_rv.svg/440px-TrES-2_b_rv.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption>The radial velocity of GSC 03549–02811 over time, caused by the presence of TrES-2 b.</figcaption></figure> <p>TrES-2b was discovered on August 21, 2006 by the <a href="/wiki/Trans-Atlantic_Exoplanet_Survey" title="Trans-Atlantic Exoplanet Survey">Trans-Atlantic Exoplanet Survey</a> (TrES) by detecting the <a href="/wiki/Transit_method" class="mw-redirect" title="Transit method">transit</a> of the planet across its parent star using Sleuth (<a href="/wiki/Palomar_Observatory" title="Palomar Observatory">Palomar Observatory</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>) and PSST (<a href="/wiki/Lowell_Observatory" title="Lowell Observatory">Lowell Observatory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>), part of the TrES network of 10–cm telescopes. The discovery was confirmed by the <a href="/wiki/W._M._Keck_Observatory" title="W. M. Keck Observatory">W. M. Keck Observatory</a> on September 8, 2006, by measuring the radial velocity of the star that hosts TrES-2b.<sup id="cite_ref-O'Donovan2006_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-O'Donovan2006-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spin-orbit_angle">Spin-orbit angle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TrES-2b&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Spin-orbit angle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Exoplanet_Comparison_TrES-2_b.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Exoplanet_Comparison_TrES-2_b.png/200px-Exoplanet_Comparison_TrES-2_b.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Exoplanet_Comparison_TrES-2_b.png/300px-Exoplanet_Comparison_TrES-2_b.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Exoplanet_Comparison_TrES-2_b.png/400px-Exoplanet_Comparison_TrES-2_b.png 2x" data-file-width="1040" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Size comparison of TrES-2b with Jupiter</figcaption></figure><p>In August 2008 more details of the relationship between the parent star and the orbit of the planet were published. The orbit was determined to be tilted by −<span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000900000000000000♠"></span>9<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>12°</span> from the stellar equator. The orbital direction was determined to be in the same direction as the star's rotation (prograde).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kepler_mission"><i>Kepler</i> mission</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TrES-2b&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Kepler mission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Kepler_(spacecraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kepler (spacecraft)">Kepler (spacecraft)</a></div> <p>NASA launched <i>Kepler</i> in March 2009. The spacecraft is dedicated to the discovery of extrasolar planets by the <a href="/wiki/Transit_method" class="mw-redirect" title="Transit method">transit method</a> from <a href="/wiki/Solar_orbit" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar orbit">solar orbit</a>. In April 2009 the project released the <a href="/wiki/First_light_(astronomy)" title="First light (astronomy)">first light</a> images from the spacecraft, and TrES-2b was one of two objects highlighted in these images. Although TrES-2b is not the only known exoplanet in the field of view of this spacecraft it is the only one identified in the first light images. This object is important for calibration and check-out.<sup id="cite_ref-kepler_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kepler-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kepler_First_Light_Detail_TrES-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Kepler_First_Light_Detail_TrES-2.jpg/170px-Kepler_First_Light_Detail_TrES-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Kepler_First_Light_Detail_TrES-2.jpg/255px-Kepler_First_Light_Detail_TrES-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Kepler_First_Light_Detail_TrES-2.jpg/340px-Kepler_First_Light_Detail_TrES-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="492" data-file-height="493" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/GSC_03549-02811" title="GSC 03549-02811">GSC 03549-02811</a> system as seen from the <a href="/wiki/Kepler_(spacecraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kepler (spacecraft)"><i>Kepler</i> spacecraft</a>. (<a href="/wiki/Celestial_coordinate_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Celestial coordinate system">Celestial north</a> is toward the lower left corner and the subject is in the center of the photograph as seen clearly in the enlarged view.)</figcaption></figure> <p>The Kepler mission also managed to detect the mass of the planet from Kepler data alone through the analysis of the light curve of the host star. In addition to detecting the planet directly, the planet was also detected by analysis of the star brightness caused by the gravitational tug of TrES-2b by shape distortion of the host star and by light variations due to Doppler beaming.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Physical_characteristics">Physical characteristics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TrES-2b&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Physical characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Albedo">Albedo</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TrES-2b&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Albedo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jkv.TrES-2b.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Jkv.TrES-2b.png/200px-Jkv.TrES-2b.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Jkv.TrES-2b.png/300px-Jkv.TrES-2b.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Jkv.TrES-2b.png/400px-Jkv.TrES-2b.png 2x" data-file-width="1814" data-file-height="961" /></a><figcaption> An artist's impression of TrES-2b</figcaption></figure><p>The first important result from the Kepler Mission about TrES-2b is an extremely low <a href="/wiki/Geometric_albedo" title="Geometric albedo">geometric albedo</a> measured in 2011, making it the darkest known exoplanet.<sup id="cite_ref-darkest_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-darkest-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If the entire day–night contrast were due to geometric albedo, it would be 2.53%, but modeling suggests that much of this is <a href="/wiki/Black_body" title="Black body">dayside emission</a> and the true albedo is much lower. It is estimated to be less than 1% and for best-fit model it is about 0.04%. This makes TrES-2b the darkest known exoplanet, reflecting less light than coal or black acrylic paint.<sup id="cite_ref-darkest_news_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-darkest_news-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is not clear why the planet is so dark. One reason could be an absence of reflective clouds such as those which make Jupiter so bright, due to TrES-2b's proximity to its parent star and the consequent high temperature. Another reason could be the presence in the atmosphere of light-absorbing chemicals such as vaporized sodium, potassium, or gaseous titanium oxide;<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, Kipping and Spiegel excluded heavy <a href="/wiki/Titanium(II)_oxide" title="Titanium(II) oxide">oxides of titanium</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vanadium(II)_oxide" title="Vanadium(II) oxide">vanadium</a> from their models, as it seems unrealistic that condensed, heavy compounds be present in the upper atmosphere. They also note that in general, hot Jupiters are expected to be dark, because "absorption due to the broad wings of the sodium and potassium D lines is thought to dominate their visible spectra", and, apart from that of <a href="/wiki/Kepler-7b" title="Kepler-7b">Kepler-7b</a> (<span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7001380000000000000♠"></span>38<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>12%</span>), albedo measurements for hot Jupiters have generally given only upper limits.<sup id="cite_ref-darkest_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-darkest-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Temperature">Temperature</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TrES-2b&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Temperature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The planet is likely to be tidally locked to the parent star. In 2015, the planetary nightside temperature was estimated to be equal to 1885<span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">+51</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">−66</sub></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Angerhausen2015_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Angerhausen2015-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TrES-2b&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_exoplanets" title="List of largest exoplanets">List of largest exoplanets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nearest_exoplanets" title="List of nearest exoplanets">List of nearest exoplanets</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TrES-2b&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Calculated using g<sub>Earth</sub> = 10<sup>log <i>g</i></sup>/980.655</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TrES-2b&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-O'Donovan2006-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-O'Donovan2006_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-O'Donovan2006_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-O'Donovan2006_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFO'DonovanCharbonneauMandushevDunham2006" class="citation journal cs1">O'Donovan, Francis T.; 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#aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media 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data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:TrES-2_b" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:TrES-2 b">TrES-2b</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/kepler/multimedia/images/TrES2Hot300.html">Host to 'Hot Jupiter' (labeled)</a> NASA, 2009-04-16</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060919004337/http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~ftod/tres/tres2.html">TrES-2: Most Massive Nearby Transiting Exoplanet</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pr.caltech.edu/media/Press_Releases/PR12890.html">Jupiter-Sized Transiting Planet Found by Astronomers Using Novel Telescope Network</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.gr/Astro-Photometry-TrES-2-20120529.htm">Light curve for TrES-2b using differential photometry</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Constellation_of_Draco" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Draco_(constellation)" title="Template:Draco (constellation)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Draco_(constellation)" title="Template talk:Draco (constellation)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Draco_(constellation)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Draco (constellation)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Constellation_of_Draco" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Draco_(constellation)" title="Draco (constellation)">Constellation of Draco</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_stars_in_Draco" title="List of stars in Draco">List of stars in Draco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draco_in_Chinese_astronomy" title="Draco in Chinese astronomy">Draco in Chinese astronomy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:55px"><a href="/wiki/Star" title="Star">Stars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px"><a href="/wiki/Bayer_designation" title="Bayer designation">Bayer</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thuban" title="Thuban">α (Thuban)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_Draconis" title="Beta Draconis">β (Rastaban)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma_Draconis" title="Gamma Draconis">γ (Eltanin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Draconis" title="Delta Draconis">δ (Altais)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epsilon_Draconis" title="Epsilon Draconis">ε <i>(Tyl)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_Draconis" title="Zeta Draconis">ζ (Aldhibah)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eta_Draconis" title="Eta Draconis">η (Athebyne)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theta_Draconis" title="Theta Draconis">θ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iota_Draconis" title="Iota Draconis">ι (Edasich)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Draconis" title="Kappa Draconis">κ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Draconis" title="Lambda Draconis">λ (Giausar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mu_Draconis" title="Mu Draconis">μ (Alrakis)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_Draconis" title="Nu Draconis">ν <i>(Kuma)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Draconis" title="Xi Draconis">ξ (Grumium)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omicron_Draconis" title="Omicron Draconis">ο</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi_Draconis" title="Pi Draconis">π</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rho_Draconis" title="Rho Draconis">ρ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Draconis" title="Sigma Draconis">σ (Alsafi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tau_Draconis" title="Tau Draconis">τ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upsilon_Draconis" title="Upsilon Draconis">υ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Draconis" title="Phi Draconis">φ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Draconis" title="Chi Draconis">χ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psi1_Draconis" title="Psi1 Draconis">ψ<sup>1</sup> (Dziban)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psi2_Draconis" title="Psi2 Draconis">ψ<sup>2</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omega_Draconis" title="Omega Draconis">ω</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px"><a href="/wiki/Flamsteed_designation" title="Flamsteed designation">Flamsteed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/6_Draconis" title="6 Draconis">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7_Draconis" title="7 Draconis">7 (Tianyi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8_Draconis" title="8 Draconis">8 (Taiyi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10_Draconis" title="10 Draconis">10 (i)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15_Draconis" title="15 Draconis">15 (A)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18_Draconis" title="18 Draconis">18 (g)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19_Draconis" title="19 Draconis">19 (h)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/26_Draconis" title="26 Draconis">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/36_Draconis" title="36 Draconis">36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/39_Draconis" title="39 Draconis">39 (b)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/42_Draconis" title="42 Draconis">42 (Fafnir)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/45_Draconis" title="45 Draconis">45 (d)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/64_Draconis" title="64 Draconis">64 (e)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/68_Draconis" title="68 Draconis">68</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px"><a href="/wiki/Variable_star_designation" class="mw-redirect" title="Variable star designation">Variable</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HD_139319" title="HD 139319">TW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AG_Draconis" title="AG Draconis">AG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BY_Draconis" title="BY Draconis">BY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CL_Draconis" title="CL Draconis">CL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CM_Draconis" title="CM Draconis">CM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CX_Draconis" title="CX Draconis">CX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DO_Draconis" class="mw-redirect" title="DO Draconis">DO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSC_03549-02811" title="GSC 03549-02811">V581</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px"><a href="/wiki/Bright_Star_Catalogue" title="Bright Star Catalogue">HR</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HD_81817" title="HD 81817">3751</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_91190" title="HD 91190">4126</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_113337" title="HD 113337">4934</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_139357" title="HD 139357">5811</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_151613" title="HD 151613">6237</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alruba" title="Alruba">6618 (Alruba)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_167042" title="HD 167042">6817</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_175535" title="HD 175535">7137</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_193664" title="HD 193664">7783</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Draper_Catalogue" title="Henry Draper Catalogue">HD</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HIP_56948" title="HIP 56948">101364</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_156279" title="HD 156279">156279</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_158259" title="HD 158259">158259</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_176693" title="HD 176693">176693</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_191939" title="HD 191939">191939</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2MASS_1237%2B6526" title="2MASS 1237+6526">2MASS 1237+6526</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2MASS_J17554042%2B6551277" class="mw-redirect" title="2MASS J17554042+6551277">2MASS J17554042+6551277</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G_240-72" title="G 240-72">G 240-72</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GD_356" title="GD 356">GD 356</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gliese_420" class="mw-redirect" title="Gliese 420">Gliese 420</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gliese_625" title="Gliese 625">Gliese 625</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gliese_687" title="Gliese 687">Gliese 687</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GRW_%2B70_8247" title="GRW +70 8247">GRW +70 8247</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepler-4" title="Kepler-4">Kepler-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepler-10" title="Kepler-10">Kepler-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepler-12" title="Kepler-12">Kepler-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepler-90" title="Kepler-90">Kepler-90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepler-296" title="Kepler-296">Kepler-296</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LP_71-82" title="LP 71-82">LP 71-82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar-1" title="Qatar-1">Qatar-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Struve_2398" title="Struve 2398">Struve 2398</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOI-1136" title="TOI-1136">TOI-1136</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WISEPA_J164715.59%2B563208.2" class="mw-redirect" title="WISEPA J164715.59+563208.2">WISE 1647+5632</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Exoplanets" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:151px;background: #ddddff;"><a href="/wiki/Exoplanet" title="Exoplanet">Exoplanets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/42_Draconis_b" title="42 Draconis b">Orbitar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_139357_b" title="HD 139357 b">HD 139357 b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_167042_b" title="HD 167042 b">HD 167042 b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iota_Draconis_b" title="Iota Draconis b">Hypatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepler-4b" title="Kepler-4b">Kepler-4b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepler-10b" title="Kepler-10b">Kepler-10b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepler-10c" title="Kepler-10c">c</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepler-12b" title="Kepler-12b">Kepler-12b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepler-90e" title="Kepler-90e">Kepler-90e</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepler-90f" title="Kepler-90f">f</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepler-90g" title="Kepler-90g">g</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepler-90h" title="Kepler-90h">h</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepler-90i" title="Kepler-90i">i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOI-1452_b" title="TOI-1452 b">TOI-1452 b</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">TrES-2b</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Star_clusters" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:151px;background: #ddddff;"><a href="/wiki/Star_cluster" title="Star cluster">Star clusters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LAMOST_1" title="LAMOST 1">LAMOST 1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Nebulae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:151px;background: #ddddff;"><a href="/wiki/Nebula" title="Nebula">Nebulae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NGC_6742" title="NGC 6742">Abell 50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat%27s_Eye_Nebula" title="Cat's Eye Nebula">Cat's Eye Nebula</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:55px"><a href="/wiki/Galaxy" title="Galaxy">Galaxies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px"><a href="/wiki/New_General_Catalogue" title="New General Catalogue">NGC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NGC_3147" title="NGC 3147">3147</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_4121" title="NGC 4121">4121</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_4125" title="NGC 4125">4125</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_4236" title="NGC 4236">4236</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_4319" title="NGC 4319">4319</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_4345" class="mw-redirect" title="NGC 4345">4345</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_4513" title="NGC 4513">4513</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_4589" title="NGC 4589">4589</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_5678" title="NGC 5678">5678</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_5777" title="NGC 5777">5777</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_5866" title="NGC 5866">5866</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_5866B" title="NGC 5866B">5866B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_5879" title="NGC 5879">5879</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_5906" class="mw-redirect" title="NGC 5906">5906</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_5907" title="NGC 5907">5907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_5949" title="NGC 5949">5949</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_5963" title="NGC 5963">5963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_5965" title="NGC 5965">5965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_5982" title="NGC 5982">5982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_5985" title="NGC 5985">5985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_6090" title="NGC 6090">6090</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_6248" title="NGC 6248">6248</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_6285" title="NGC 6285">6285</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_6286" title="NGC 6286">6286</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_6338" title="NGC 6338">6338</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_6340" title="NGC 6340">6340</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_6365" title="NGC 6365">6365</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_6373" title="NGC 6373">6373</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_6394" title="NGC 6394">6394</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_6412" title="NGC 6412">6412</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_6503" title="NGC 6503">6503</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_6566" title="NGC 6566">6566</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_6621" title="NGC 6621">6621</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_6622" title="NGC 6622">6622</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_6670" title="NGC 6670">6670</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_6676" title="NGC 6676">6676</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_6786" title="NGC 6786">6786</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_6789" title="NGC 6789">6789</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1ES_1959%2B650" title="1ES 1959+650">1ES 1959+650</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3C_249.1" title="3C 249.1">3C 249.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3C_305" title="3C 305">3C 305</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3C_319" title="3C 319">3C 319</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3C_371" title="3C 371">3C 371</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3C_390.3" title="3C 390.3">3C 390.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3C_401" title="3C 401">3C 401</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4C_%2B72.26" title="4C +72.26">4C +72.26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H1821%2B643" title="H1821+643">H1821+643</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HFLS3" title="HFLS3">HFLS3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KKR_25" title="KKR 25">KKR 25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markarian_876" title="Markarian 876">Markarian 876</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PGC_39058" title="PGC 39058">PGC 39058</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S5_1803%2B784" title="S5 1803+784">S5 1803+784</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S5_2007%2B777" title="S5 2007+777">S5 2007+777</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UGC_9391" title="UGC 9391">UGC 9391</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Galaxy_clusters" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:151px;background: #ddddff;"><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_cluster" title="Galaxy cluster">Galaxy clusters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abell_2218" title="Abell 2218">Abell 2218</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CL1358%2B62" title="CL1358+62">CL1358+62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draco_Supercluster" title="Draco Supercluster">Draco Supercluster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Astronomical_events" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:151px;background: #ddddff;"><a href="/wiki/Transient_astronomical_event" class="mw-redirect" title="Transient astronomical event">Astronomical events</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swift_J1644%2B57" title="Swift J1644+57">Swift J1644+57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SN_2005B" title="SN 2005B">SN 2005B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SN_2016aps" title="SN 2016aps">SN 2016aps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div><span class="noviewer" 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