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for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E9%83%A8%E8%90%BD" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E9%83%A8%E8%90%BD" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-近代用法" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#近代用法"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>近代用法</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-近代用法-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-部族列表" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#部族列表"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>部族列表</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-部族列表-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关部族列表子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-部族列表-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-蒙古族[註_6]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#蒙古族[註_6]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>蒙古族<span><sup><span>[</span>註 6<span>]</span></sup></span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-蒙古族[註_6]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-注释" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注释"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>注释</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注释-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">部落</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。90种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-90" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">90种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9" title="قبيلة – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قبيلة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%87" title="قبيله – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="قبيله" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribu" title="Tribu – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Tribu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="जनजाति – 阿瓦德语" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="जनजाति" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="阿瓦德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tayfa" title="Tayfa – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tayfa" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%87" title="قبیله – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قبیله" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%A0%D3%99%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D3%99" title="Ҡәбилә – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ҡәбилә" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C4%97nt%C4%97s" title="Gėntės – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Gėntės" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribo" title="Tribo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tribo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F" title="Племя – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Племя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F" title="Племя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Племя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Племе – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Племе" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="जनजाति – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="जनजाति" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="উপজাতি – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উপজাতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meuriad" title="Meuriad – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Meuriad" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribu_(antropologia)" title="Tribu (antropologia) – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tribu (antropologia)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%86%D8%B2" title="ھۆز – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھۆز" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kmen_(sociologie)" title="Kmen (sociologie) – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kmen (sociologie)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%C4%83%D1%85" title="Йăх – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Йăх" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llwyth" title="Llwyth – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Llwyth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamme_(folk)" title="Stamme (folk) – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Stamme (folk)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamm_(Gesellschaftswissenschaften)" title="Stamm (Gesellschaftswissenschaften) – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Stamm (Gesellschaftswissenschaften)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C5%9Fire" title="Eşire – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Eşire" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%AE" title="Φυλή – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φυλή" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribe" title="Tribe – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Tribe" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribo" title="Tribo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tribo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribu" title="Tribu – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tribu" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B5im" title="Hõim – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hõim" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribu" title="Tribu – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tribu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%87" title="قبیله – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قبیله" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heimo_(kansatiede)" title="Heimo (kansatiede) – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Heimo (kansatiede)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86ttb%C3%B3lkur" title="Ættbólkur – 法罗语" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Ættbólkur" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="法罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribu_(ethnologie)" title="Tribu (ethnologie) – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tribu (ethnologie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamme" title="Stamme – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Stamme" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribo" title="Tribo – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Tribo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Te%27%C3%BDi" title="Te'ýi – 瓜拉尼语" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Te'ýi" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="瓜拉尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%98abila" title="Ƙabila – 豪萨语" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ƙabila" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="豪萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%98" title="שבט – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שבט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="जनजाति – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जनजाति" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleme" title="Pleme – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pleme" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B6rzs_(t%C3%A1rsadalmi_csoport)" title="Törzs (társadalmi csoport) – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Törzs (társadalmi csoport)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%91%D5%A5%D5%B2" title="Ցեղ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ցեղ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puak" title="Puak – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Puak" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribuo" title="Tribuo – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Tribuo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trib%C3%B9" title="Tribù – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tribù" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%83%A8%E6%97%8F" title="部族 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="部族" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tawsit" title="Tawsit – 卡拜尔语" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tawsit" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡拜尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Тайпа – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тайпа" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%81" title="ಬುಡಕಟ್ಟು – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಬುಡಕಟ್ಟು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%80%EC%A1%B1" title="부족 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="부족" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribus_(anthropologia)" title="Tribus (anthropologia) – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Tribus (anthropologia)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjtam_(antropologie)" title="Sjtam (antropologie) – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Sjtam (antropologie)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentis_(antropologija)" title="Gentis (antropologija) – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gentis (antropologija)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cilts" title="Cilts – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Cilts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fokom-pirenena" title="Fokom-pirenena – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fokom-pirenena" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Племе – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Племе" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puak" title="Puak – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Puak" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%DB%8C%D9%84" title="خیل – 马赞德兰语" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="خیل" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="马赞德兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stam_(antropologie)" title="Stam (antropologie) – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Stam (antropologie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamme_(folk)" title="Stamme (folk) – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Stamme (folk)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trib%C3%BA_(etnologia)" title="Tribú (etnologia) – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Tribú (etnologia)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE" title="ਕਬੀਲਾ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਬੀਲਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plemi%C4%99" title="Plemię – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Plemię" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribo" title="Tribo – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tribo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trib" title="Trib – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Trib" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F" title="Племя – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Племя" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱟᱛᱤ – 桑塔利语" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱟᱛᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="桑塔利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7" title="قبيلا – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="قبيلا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleme" title="Pleme – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pleme" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB" title="ගෝත්‍ර – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ගෝත්‍ර" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribe" title="Tribe – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tribe" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kme%C5%88_(etnografia)" title="Kmeň (etnografia) – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kmeň (etnografia)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleme" title="Pleme – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pleme" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusinga" title="Rusinga – 绍纳语" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Rusinga" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="绍纳语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qabiil" title="Qabiil – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Qabiil" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisi" title="Fisi – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Fisi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Племе – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Племе" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stam_(samh%C3%A4llsvetenskap)" title="Stam (samhällsvetenskap) – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Stam (samhällsvetenskap)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="பழங்குடிகள் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பழங்குடிகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="తెగలు – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="తెగలు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribo" title="Tribo – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Tribo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C5%9Firet" title="Aşiret – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Aşiret" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%27%D1%8F" title="Плем'я – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Плем'я" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%81" title="قبیلہ – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="قبیلہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qabila" title="Qabila – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qabila" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BB%99_l%E1%BA%A1c" title="Bộ lạc – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bộ lạc" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%83%A8%E8%90%BD" title="部落 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="部落" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%98_(%D7%92%D7%A2%D7%96%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%98)" title="שבט (געזעלשאפט) – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="שבט (געזעלשאפט)" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%8D%CD%98-cho%CC%8Dk" title="Pō͘-cho̍k – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pō͘-cho̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%83%A8%E6%97%8F" title="部族 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="部族" 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class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span class="noviewer hatnote-notice-img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span>此条目页的主題是因宗族關係發展而成的地域社群。关于部落的其他意思，請見「<b><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A8%E8%90%BD_(%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E7%BE%A9)" class="mw-disambig" title="部落 (消歧義)">部落 (消歧義)</a></b>」。</div> <p><b>部落</b>是一種社群，由两个或以上的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%8F%E6%97%8F" title="氏族">氏族</a>组成。有的部落在氏族之上还有中间环节<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%9E%E6%97%8F" title="胞族">胞族</a>。大體來說，一般認為其成員為同一祖先之後裔。他們通常佔據於一特定地理區域，擁有文化、宗教、語言以及價值觀上的同質性，而且可能在政治上由一頭目或首領統一領導，也可能從屬於其他政權。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="近代用法"><span id=".E8.BF.91.E4.BB.A3.E7.94.A8.E6.B3.95"></span>近代用法</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A8%E8%90%BD&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：近代用法"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在近代的用法之中，很多時「部落」皆指有以下特質的團體: </p> <ul><li>必有共同流通的語言及共有之文化和歷史的團體。</li> <li>因其生產能力於現代的角度視為相對低下，未達成專業分工，生產效率不發達。</li> <li>由於部落以親族關係構成體系。故此，於社會發展階段中部落是被視為初階的、原始的。</li> <li>雖說部落已有一定程度的政治體來管治，但中央權力還是欠奉的，並未發展出階級概念。</li></ul> <p>此外，在现代<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD" title="汉语">汉语</a>中，对<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="非洲">非洲</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%BA%9A" title="中亚">中亚</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="西亚">西亚</a>及其他地区以单一<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" title="民族">民族</a>为主体的较大的群体，如果这些民族群体的生产能能力仍处于极不发达的状态，也称为“部落”。 </p><p>傳統意義上的部落受地域的影響很大。但現代隨互聯網的興起與發展，人们因为某个主题、兴趣、项目等通过互联网平台沟通和写作，在現在的一般意義上也可以理解成「部落」。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="部族列表"><span id=".E9.83.A8.E6.97.8F.E5.88.97.E8.A1.A8"></span>部族列表</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A8%E8%90%BD&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：部族列表"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>漢族先民各部落<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>部落名 </th></tr> <tr> <td>東夷、華夏(黃河文明)<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>百越<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span><span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>古蜀 </td></tr> <tr> <td>戎狄<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>荊楚<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="蒙古族[註_6]"><span id=".E8.92.99.E5.8F.A4.E6.97.8F.5B.E8.A8.BB_6.5D"></span>蒙古族<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A8%E8%90%BD&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：蒙古族[註 6]"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>汪古部族</li> <li>扎只剌部族</li> <li>弘吉剌部族</li> <li>克烈部族</li> <li>塔塔兒部族</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注释"><span id=".E6.B3.A8.E9.87.8A"></span>注释</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A8%E8%90%BD&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：注释"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="references-NoteFoot"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">依《细讲中国历史丛书·夏》第一章明言夏人商人周人三者「是由氏族、部落、部落聯盟形成發展而來的宗族」，又據《中國傳統「族群觀」與先秦文獻「族」字使用淺析》一文分析，在《尚書》代表的周代以前的文獻中，「夏」並不是代表中原文明人群的泛指，而「夷」字也尚未成為「蠻夷」的泛指，當時「夷夏之辨」並沒有成為普遍的觀念。而周代的的「夷夏之辨」乃是根據文化傳統把「天下」的人群分做兩大類的區分，而不是一個「多種類」（甲族、乙族、丙族等）平行並存的分類框架，若以中原地區為文化中心來看，「夷夏之辨」表現的僅僅是「教化之內」和「教化之外」的區別，並不是什麼依據血緣、體質、語言的差別而固定不變的「民族」差別。故夏人商人周人三者皆非民族，而是部落或部族。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">在此并不包括雒越及西甌。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">百越并不符合民族擁有「共同祖先所連結起來的共同體」的定義，其後裔族群的祖先不同，有大禹（漢族）、雄王（京族）、布洛陀（壯族）、袍隆扣（黎族）等等，又據《中国传统“族群观”与先秦文献“族”字使用浅析》一文分析，在《尚书》代表的周代以前的文献中，“夏”并不是代表中原文明人群的泛指，而“夷”字也尚未成为“蛮夷”的泛指，當時“夷夏之辨”并没有成为普遍的观念。而周代的的“夷夏之辨”乃是根据文化传统把“天下”的人群分做两大类的区分，而不是一个“多种类”（甲族、乙族、丙族等）平行并存的分类框架。若以中原地区为文化中心来看，“夷夏之辨”表现的仅仅是“教化之内”和“教化之外”的区别，并不是什么依据血缘、体质、语言的差别而固定不变的“民族”差别。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">林沄《戎狄非胡論》認為戎狄等人群與後世胡人各民族並沒有任何關係。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">即屈家嶺文化，一般稱為「三苗」或「楚蠻」，《早期中国文明:江汉文化与荆楚文明》認為「三苗」是虛無縹緲的存在，應改稱為「炎帝祝融文化」。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">以下部族是蒙古族的族源</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A8%E8%90%BD&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180317035649/http://minzu.folkw.com/Content.Asp?Id=312">汉族的族称族源</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-03-16</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://minzu.folkw.com/Content.Asp?Id=312">原始内容</a>存档于2018-03-17）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%83%A8%E8%90%BD&rft.btitle=%E6%B1%89%E6%97%8F%E7%9A%84%E6%97%8F%E7%A7%B0%E6%97%8F%E6%BA%90&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fminzu.folkw.com%2FContent.Asp%3FId%3D312&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A8%E8%90%BD&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" title="民族">民族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%8F%E6%97%8F" title="氏族">氏族</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E6%97%8F" title="宗族">宗族</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%B6%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="家族">家族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%8F%E7%BE%A4" title="族群">族群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%9E%E6%97%8F" title="胞族">胞族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%8B%E9%82%A6" title="酋邦">酋邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E6%9C%9D" title="夏朝">夏朝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E6%9C%9D" title="商朝">商朝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E5%A4%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="華夏">華夏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%82%8E%E9%BB%84" title="炎黄">炎黃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8A%E7%BE%A4" title="遊群">遊群</a></li></ul> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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