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project, what you can do, where to find things"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes in the wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-mw-translate" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:LanguageStats"><span>Translate content</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Load a random page [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random page</span></a></li><li id="n-mw-discussion" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:Village_Pump"><span>Village pump</span></a></li><li id="n-Sandboxlink-portlet-label" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:Sandbox"><span>Sandbox</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-lang" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other languages </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilfe:Zusammenfassung_und_Quelle" title="Hilfe:Zusammenfassung und Quelle – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Hilfe:Zusammenfassung und Quelle" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C7%A3dia:Edit_summary" title="Wikipǣdia:Edit summary – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Wikipǣdia:Edit summary" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A9:%D9%85%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%B5_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%84" title="مساعدة:ملخص التعديل – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مساعدة:ملخص التعديل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC:%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B6" title="সহায়:সম্পাদনা সাৰাংশ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="সহায়:সম্পাদনা সাৰাংশ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6m%C9%99k:D%C3%BCz%C9%99li%C5%9F_izah%C4%B1" title="Kömək:Düzəliş izahı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kömək:Düzəliş izahı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A4%D9%85%DA%A9:%D8%AF%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%87_%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="کؤمک:دییشدیرمه قیساسی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کؤمک:دییشدیرمه قیساسی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%90%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Вікіпедыя:Апісанне змен – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вікіпедыя:Апісанне змен" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%8E%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Уикипедия:Резюме – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уикипедия:Резюме" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A6:%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="मदद:संपादन सारांश – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="मदद:संपादन सारांश" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF:%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B6" title="সাহায্য:সম্পাদনা সারাংশ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সাহায্য:সম্পাদনা সারাংশ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Resum_de_la_modificaci%C3%B3" title="Ajuda:Resum de la modificació – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ajuda:Resum de la modificació" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%95%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%AA%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="یارمەتی:کورتەی دەستکاری – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="یارمەتی:کورتەی دەستکاری" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedie:Shrnut%C3%AD_editace" title="Wikipedie:Shrnutí editace – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Wikipedie:Shrnutí editace" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hj%C3%A6lp:Redigeringsopsummering" title="Hjælp:Redigeringsopsummering – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hjælp:Redigeringsopsummering" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilfe:Zusammenfassung_und_Quellen" title="Hilfe:Zusammenfassung und Quellen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hilfe:Zusammenfassung und Quellen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%BF%CE%AE%CE%B8%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1:%CE%A3%CF%8D%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%88%CE%B7_%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Βοήθεια:Σύνοψη επεξεργασίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βοήθεια:Σύνοψη επεξεργασίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Edit_summary" title="Help:Edit summary – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Help:Edit summary" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedio:Resumo" title="Vikipedio:Resumo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vikipedio:Resumo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7:%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%87_%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4" title="راهنما:خلاصه ویرایش – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="راهنما:خلاصه ویرایش" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Yhteenveto" title="Wikipedia:Yhteenveto – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Wikipedia:Yhteenveto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aide:Bo%C3%AEte_de_r%C3%A9sum%C3%A9" title="Aide:Boîte de résumé – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aide:Boîte de résumé" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axuda:Resumo_de_edici%C3%B3n" title="Axuda:Resumo de edición – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Axuda:Resumo de edición" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%94:%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%94" title="עזרה:תקציר עריכה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עזרה:תקציר עריכה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Sa%C5%BEetak" title="Wikipedija:Sažetak – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Wikipedija:Sažetak" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Szerkeszt%C3%A9si_%C3%B6sszefoglal%C3%B3" title="Wikipédia:Szerkesztési összefoglaló – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Wikipédia:Szerkesztési összefoglaló" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%A3%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6:%D4%BD%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A1%D5%B4%D6%83%D5%B8%D6%83%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Օգնություն:Խմբագրման ամփոփում – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օգնություն:Խմբագրման ամփոփում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bantuan:Ringkasan_suntingan" title="Bantuan:Ringkasan suntingan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bantuan:Ringkasan suntingan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulong:Pakabuklan_ti_inurnos" title="Tulong:Pakabuklan ti inurnos – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Tulong:Pakabuklan ti inurnos" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hj%C3%A1lp:Breytingar%C3%A1grip" title="Hjálp:Breytingarágrip – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hjálp:Breytingarágrip" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiuto:Oggetto" title="Aiuto:Oggetto – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Aiuto:Oggetto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:%E8%A6%81%E7%B4%84%E6%AC%84" title="Help:要約欄 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Help:要約欄" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Ringkesan" title="Wikipédia:Ringkesan – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Wikipédia:Ringkesan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90:%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94" title="ვიკიპედია:რეზიუმე – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვიკიპედია:რეზიუმე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D3%A8%D2%A3%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D2%A3_%D1%82%D2%AF%D0%B9%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%96" title="Уикипедия:Өңдеменің түйіндемесі – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Уикипедия:Өңдеменің түйіндемесі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91_%EC%9A%94%EC%95%BD" title="도움말:편집 요약 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="도움말:편집 요약" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8E%D8%AF%D9%8E%D8%AA%DA%BE:%D8%A7%D8%A0%DA%88%D9%90%D9%B9_%D8%AE%D9%8F%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B5%DB%81%D9%95" title="مَدَتھ:اؠڈِٹ خُلاصہٕ – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="مَدَتھ:اؠڈِٹ خُلاصہٕ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF:%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="सहाय्य:संपादन सारांश – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सहाय्य:संपादन सारांश" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bantuan:Ringkasan_suntingan" title="Bantuan:Ringkasan suntingan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bantuan:Ringkasan suntingan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Samenvatting" title="Help:Samenvatting – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Help:Samenvatting" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hjelp:Endringssamandrag" title="Hjelp:Endringssamandrag – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hjelp:Endringssamandrag" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hjelp:Redigeringsforklaring" title="Hjelp:Redigeringsforklaring – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hjelp:Redigeringsforklaring" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%B9%E0%AC%AF%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%97:Edit_summary" title="ସହଯୋଗ:Edit summary – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ସହଯୋଗ:Edit summary" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Opis_zmian" title="Wikipedia:Opis zmian – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wikipedia:Opis zmian" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Guia_de_edi%C3%A7%C3%A3o/Menus_e_ferramentas/Sum%C3%A1rio_de_edi%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Ajuda:Guia de edição/Menus e ferramentas/Sumário de edição – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ajuda:Guia de edição/Menus e ferramentas/Sumário de edição" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Descrierea_modific%C4%83rilor" title="Wikipedia:Descrierea modificărilor – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Wikipedia:Descrierea modificărilor" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Википедия:Описание изменений – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Википедия:Описание изменений" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%AF:%D8%B3%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AC" title="مدد:سنوار تات پرج – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مدد:سنوار تات پرج" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%C4%8Coahkk%C3%A1igeassu" title="Wikipedia:Čoahkkáigeassu – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Wikipedia:Čoahkkáigeassu" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomo%C4%87:Sa%C5%BEetak_izmjene" title="Pomoć:Sažetak izmjene – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pomoć:Sažetak izmjene" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Change_summary" title="Wikipedia:Change summary – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wikipedia:Change summary" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Zhrnutie_%C3%BAprav" title="Wikipédia:Zhrnutie úprav – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Wikipédia:Zhrnutie úprav" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Povzetek_urejanja" title="Wikipedija:Povzetek urejanja – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Wikipedija:Povzetek urejanja" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%C4%8Cu%C3%A1k%C3%A1nki%C3%A4su" title="Wikipedia:Čuákánkiäsu – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Wikipedia:Čuákánkiäsu" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%9B:%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Помоћ:Опис измене – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Помоћ:Опис измене" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Sammanfattningsf%C3%A4ltet" title="Wikipedia:Sammanfattningsfältet – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Wikipedia:Sammanfattningsfältet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF:%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="உதவி:தொகுத்தல் சுருக்கம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உதவி:தொகுத்தல் சுருக்கம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82:%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%81_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%82" title="సహాయం:దిద్దుబాటు సారాంశం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సహాయం:దిద్దుబాటు సారాంశం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%82" title="วิธีใช้:ความย่อการแก้ไข – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิธีใช้:ความย่อการแก้ไข" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:De%C4%9Fi%C5%9Fiklik_%C3%B6zeti" title="Yardım:Değişiklik özeti – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yardım:Değişiklik özeti" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Довідка:Короткий опис редагування – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Довідка:Короткий опис редагування" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA:%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B5%DB%81_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%85" title="معاونت:خلاصہ ترمیم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="معاونت:خلاصہ ترمیم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yordam:Tahrir_izohi" title="Yordam:Tahrir izohi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yordam:Tahrir izohi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%E1%BB%A3_gi%C3%BAp:T%C3%B3m_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3c_s%E1%BB%ADa_%C4%91%E1%BB%95i" title="Trợ giúp:Tóm lược sửa đổi – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Trợ giúp:Tóm lược sửa đổi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%A3:%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A5_%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%98" title="הילף:קורץ ווארט – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="הילף:קורץ ווארט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%B7%A8%E8%BC%AF%E6%91%98%E8%A6%81" title="Wikipedia:編輯摘要 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Wikipedia:編輯摘要" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:%E7%B7%A8%E8%BC%AF%E6%91%98%E8%A6%81" title="Help:編輯摘要 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Help:編輯摘要" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4533519#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/MediaWiki" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/mediawikiwiki.svg" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="MediaWiki" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/mediawikiwiki-wordmark.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search MediaWiki [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search MediaWiki" aria-label="Search MediaWiki" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search MediaWiki [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-uls" class="mw-list-item active user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="#" class="uls-trigger cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>English</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Help%3AEdit+summary" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Help%3AEdit+summary" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Help%3AEdit+summary" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Help%3AEdit+summary" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Page_layout" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Page_layout"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Page layout</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Page_layout-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Key_features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Key_features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Key features</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Key_features-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Key features subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Key_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Using_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Using_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Using links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Using_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Special_cases_and_workarounds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Special_cases_and_workarounds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Special cases and workarounds</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Special_cases_and_workarounds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flexibility_and_future-proofing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flexibility_and_future-proofing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Flexibility and future-proofing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flexibility_and_future-proofing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discussion_tools_feature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discussion_tools_feature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Discussion tools feature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discussion_tools_feature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Automatic_summaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Automatic_summaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Automatic summaries</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Automatic_summaries-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Automatic summaries subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Automatic_summaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Multilingual_edit_summaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Multilingual_edit_summaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Multilingual edit summaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Multilingual_edit_summaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Where_you_may_find_the_edit_summary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Where_you_may_find_the_edit_summary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Where you may find the edit summary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Where_you_may_find_the_edit_summary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-File_upload_summary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#File_upload_summary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>File upload summary</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-File_upload_summary-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle File upload summary subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-File_upload_summary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Character_limit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Character_limit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Character limit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Character_limit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Searching" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Searching"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Searching</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Searching-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recommendations_for_edit_summaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recommendations_for_edit_summaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Recommendations for edit summaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recommendations_for_edit_summaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Action_summary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Action_summary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Action summary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Action_summary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Help</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Edit summary</span></h1> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-help" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary" title="View the help page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help_talk:Edit_summary" rel="discussion" title="Discussion about the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-viewsource" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Edit_summary&action=edit" title="This page is protected.
You can view its source [e]" accesskey="e"><span>View source</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Edit_summary&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-viewsource" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Edit_summary&action=edit"><span>View source</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Edit_summary&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Help:Edit_summary" title="A list of all wiki pages that link here [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Help:Edit_summary" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Edit_summary&oldid=6779892" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Edit_summary&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediawiki.org%2Fwiki%2FHelp%3AEdit_summary"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediawiki.org%2Fwiki%2FHelp%3AEdit_summary"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Help%3AEdit+summary"><span>Create a book</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Help%3AEdit_summary&action=show-download-screen"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Edit_summary&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Edit_summary" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Help:Edit_summary" hreflang="en"><span>Wikinews</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikipedia mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Edit_summary" hreflang="en"><span>Wikipedia</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Help:Edit_summary" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wiktionary mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Help:Edit_summary" hreflang="en"><span>Wiktionary</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4533519" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From mediawiki.org</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-pt-translate-header noprint nomobile" dir="ltr" lang="en"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Help%3AEdit+summary&action=page&filter=&action_source=translate_page" title="Special:Translate">Translate this page</a></div><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-pt-languages noprint navigation-not-searchable" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-pt-languages-label">Languages:</div><ul class="mw-pt-languages-list"><li><span class="mw-pt-languages-ui mw-pt-languages-selected mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" lang="en" dir="ltr">English</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary/fr" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Aide:Résumé des modifications (100% translated)" lang="fr" dir="ltr">français</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary/it" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Aiuto:Modifica riepilogo (1% translated)" lang="it" dir="ltr">italiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary/ru" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Справка:Описание изменений (28% translated)" lang="ru" dir="ltr">русский</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary/fa" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="راهنما: خلاصه ویرایش (5% translated)" lang="fa" dir="rtl">فارسی</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary/ja" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Help:編集の要約 (100% translated)" lang="ja" dir="ltr">日本語</a></li></ul></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6776268">.mw-parser-output .template-pd-help-page{color:var(--color-emphasized,#101418);border:solid 1px var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.5em;margin:0.5em 0;background-color:var(--background-color-base,#ffffff);font-size:95%;vertical-align:middle;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .template-pd-help-page .icon-cell{padding:0 1em;width:30px}</style><table class="template-pd-help-page"><tbody><tr> <td class="icon-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="PD" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/30px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/45px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/60px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span></td> <td><b>Note:</b> When you edit this page, you agree to release your contribution under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0</a>. See <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Project:PD_help" title="Special:MyLanguage/Project:PD help">Public Domain Help Pages</a> for more info. </td> <td class="icon-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="PD" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/30px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/45px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/60px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span></td> </tr></tbody></table> <p>An <b>edit summary</b> is a short message you leave for others when you make changes to a page. Examples of common edit summaries include "Fixed a typo" or "Added a new <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Section" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Section">section</a>". Using edit summaries helps other users understand your edits without having to dig into the details. It's optional but super helpful for keeping everyone on the same page. If a copyright infringement is found, it also keeps authorship information after a significant revision deletion.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6651107">.mw-parser-output .note{background-position:left 7px top 50%;padding:0.5em 0.5em 0.5em 40px;margin:0.5em 0;overflow:hidden;background-color:#f8f9fa;color:#333;background-repeat:no-repeat;border:1px solid #ddd}.mw-parser-output .note-inline{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .note-info{background-color:#eaf3ff;color:#333;background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/OOjs_UI_icon_information-progressive.svg");background-size:25px;border-color:#a3caff;padding-left:40px;min-height:25px}.mw-parser-output .note-reminder{background-color:#fff9ea;color:#333;background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/OOjs_UI_icon_lightbulb-yellow.svg");background-size:25px;border-color:#fc3;min-height:25px}.mw-parser-output .note-warn{background-color:#fff9ea;color:#333;background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/OOjs_UI_icon_alert-warning.svg");background-size:25px;border-color:#fc3;min-height:25px}.mw-parser-output .note-error{background-color:#fee7e6;color:#333;background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/OOjs_UI_icon_notice-destructive.svg");background-size:25px;border-color:#c33;min-height:25px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .note{background-color:transparent;color:inherit}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .note{background-color:transparent;color:inherit}}</style><div role="note" class="note note-reminder">Marking the checkbox in your user <a href="/wiki/Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing" title="Special:Preferences">Preferences</a> that says <code><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="{{{2}}}"><img alt="{{{2}}}" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Checkbox_black_checked.png/17px-Checkbox_black_checked.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Checkbox_black_checked.png/26px-Checkbox_black_checked.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Checkbox_black_checked.png/34px-Checkbox_black_checked.png 2x" data-file-width="90" data-file-height="90"/></span></span> Prompt me when entering a blank edit summary (or the default undo summary)</code> (under <i>Editor</i> section) can be useful to ensure you don't forget to leave one.</div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"/> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Page_layout" data-mw-thread-id="h-Page_layout"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Page_layout"></span>Page layout<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Page_layout"></span></h2></div> <figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edit_summary_OOUI.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Edit_summary_OOUI.png/900px-Edit_summary_OOUI.png" decoding="async" width="900" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Edit_summary_OOUI.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1097" data-file-height="211"/></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>The page layout for entering an edit summary typically includes the following elements: </p> <ul><li><b><code>Summary <sup><small>(<a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit_summary" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit summary">?</a>)</small></sup>:</code> input field</b> - A text box where you can enter a brief description of the changes you made. This field is essential for providing context in the page history.</li> <li><b><code>This is a <a href="/wiki/Help:Minor_edit" title="Help:Minor edit">minor edit</a></code> checkbox</b> - Positioned near the edit summary box, this checkbox allows you to flag the edit as minor, indicating that the changes are small or not significant.</li> <li><b><code>Watch this page</code> checkbox</b> - Another checkbox, this option lets you add the page to your <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Watchlist" title="Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Watchlist">watchlist</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Manual:Watchlist" title="Manual:Watchlist"> </a></span>, allowing you to receive notifications for future edits. The duration you'd like to watch the page for can be set using the drop-down menu named <code>Watchlist time period:</code>. It's important because a user may comment on your edit after you publish your changes.</li> <li><b><code>Publish changes</code> button</b> - Positioned below the edit summary input field, this button finalizes the edit. Users should ensure their summary accurately reflects the changes before clicking.</li> <li><b><code>Show preview</code> button</b> - This shows a rendered preview of the page's content and also a rendered preview of the edit summary. This preview appears just below the edit summary input field.</li> <li><b><code>Show changes</code> button</b> - This has nothing to do with the edit summary. It displays a comparison between the old and new content changes that will be applied on the page.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Key_features" data-mw-thread-id="h-Key_features"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Key_features"></span>Key features<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Key_features"></span></h2></div> <p>The edit summary box can hold up to 500 characters. If you try to add more, only the first 500 characters will be saved. </p><p>One editing tip is that if you make a mistake in the summary, you can do a <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Dummy_edit" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Dummy edit">dummy edit</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:Dummy_edit" title="Help:Dummy edit"> </a></span> (like adding a space) to fix it. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Using_links" data-mw-thread-id="h-Using_links-Key_features"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Using_links-Key_features"></span>Using links<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Using_links-Key_features"></span></h3></div> <p>What works: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Links" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Links">Internal and interwiki</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:Links" title="Help:Links"> </a></span> links work, including links with alternate text.</li> <li>Section links can be added using <code class="mw-highlight"><span class="cm">/* Section Name */</span></code>, which will show a clickable arrow pointing to that section when you click on <code>Show preview</code>.</li></ul> <p>What doesn't work: </p> <ul><li>Most wikitext (like templates, variables, and bold/italic text) won't work.</li> <li>HTML tags and external links are not supported.</li> <li>Special characters in URLs may break links if they are not handled correctly.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:What_links_here" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:What links here">What links here</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:What_links_here" title="Help:What links here"> </a></span> feature won't find the link referenced in the edit summary.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Special_cases_and_workarounds" data-mw-thread-id="h-Special_cases_and_workarounds-Key_features"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Special_cases_and_workarounds-Key_features"></span>Special cases and workarounds<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Special_cases_and_workarounds-Key_features"></span></h3></div> <p>Handling section links: </p> <ul><li>When editing a section, the section title is automatically added to the summary. You can edit or remove this if needed.</li> <li>If the section title changes later, the link in the summary won't update automatically.</li></ul> <p>Working around URL issues: </p> <ul><li>If a link doesn't work due to special characters, you might need to edit the URL manually. For example, if a URL has <code>%28</code> in it which represents a special character <code>(</code>, you can replace it with the actual character.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flexibility_and_future-proofing" data-mw-thread-id="h-Flexibility_and_future-proofing-Key_features"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Flexibility_and_future-proofing-Key_features"></span>Flexibility and future-proofing<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Flexibility_and_future-proofing-Key_features"></span></h3></div> <ul><li>To prevent broken links in summaries, consider linking to a page or section with a stable name.</li> <li>If you expect a section to be moved or renamed, you can create a redirect page that will stay accurate even after changes and then include a redirect on the edit summary.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Discussion_tools_feature" data-mw-thread-id="h-Discussion_tools_feature-Key_features"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Discussion_tools_feature-Key_features"></span><code>Discussion tools</code> feature<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Discussion_tools_feature-Key_features"></span></h3></div> <ul><li>On Talk pages, clicking the <code>+</code> sign allows you to add a new section. The <code>Subject</code> box becomes both the section title and the edit summary.</li> <li>The text you type in the main editing box will appear under the new heading.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Automatic_summaries" data-mw-thread-id="h-Automatic_summaries"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Automatic_summaries"></span>Automatic summaries<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Automatic_summaries"></span></h2></div> <p>When you save an edit without providing a summary, an automatic summary is sometimes generated for you. Unlike the summary that appears when editing a section—which you can modify before saving, this automatic summary is created entirely by the system and can't be changed. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Situation </th> <th>Page </th> <th>Automatic summary text </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="background: #ececec;">Large-scale edits to pages </th></tr> <tr> <td>Removing all text from a page </td> <td><a href="/wiki/MediaWiki:Autosumm-blank" title="MediaWiki:Autosumm-blank">MediaWiki:Autosumm-blank</a> </td> <td>Blanked the page </td></tr> <tr> <td>Removing most texts from a page or editing a short page <br/> (<code>$1</code> is replaced with the page text) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/MediaWiki:Autosumm-replace" title="MediaWiki:Autosumm-replace">MediaWiki:Autosumm-replace</a> </td> <td>Replaced content with "$1" </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="background: #ececec;">Creation of pages </th></tr> <tr> <td>Creating a new page (<code>$1</code> is replaced with the page text) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/MediaWiki:Autosumm-new" title="MediaWiki:Autosumm-new">MediaWiki:Autosumm-new</a> </td> <td>Created page with "$1" </td></tr> <tr> <td>Creating a new page without content </td> <td><a href="/wiki/MediaWiki:Autosumm-newblank" title="MediaWiki:Autosumm-newblank">MediaWiki:Autosumm-newblank</a> </td> <td>Created blank page </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="background: #ececec;">Changes to redirects </th></tr> <tr> <td>Creating or replacing a page containing a redirect<br/>(<code>$1</code> is replaced with the target of the redirect) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/MediaWiki:Autoredircomment" title="MediaWiki:Autoredircomment">MediaWiki:Autoredircomment</a> </td> <td>Redirected page to <a href="/wiki/$1" class="mw-redirect" title="$1">$1</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Changing the target of a redirect<br/>(<code>$1</code> is replaced with the previous target of the redirect;<br/><code>$2</code> is replaced with the new target of the redirect) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/MediaWiki:Autosumm-changed-redirect-target" title="MediaWiki:Autosumm-changed-redirect-target">MediaWiki:Autosumm-changed-redirect-target</a> </td> <td>Changed redirect target from <a href="/wiki/$1" class="mw-redirect" title="$1">$1</a> to <a href="/wiki/$2" class="mw-redirect" title="$2">$2</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Removing a redirect<br/>(<code>$1</code> is replaced with the target of the redirect) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/MediaWiki:Autosumm-removed-redirect" title="MediaWiki:Autosumm-removed-redirect">MediaWiki:Autosumm-removed-redirect</a> </td> <td>Removed redirect to <a href="/wiki/$1" class="mw-redirect" title="$1">$1</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>While automatic summaries, such as those created during redirects, often provide sufficient information, they are not a substitute for a proper edit summary. Always add a clear and concise summary to give context to your edits. This practice is particularly helpful for: </p> <ul><li><b>New users</b> - It assists inexperienced users who may not realize the importance of edit summaries.</li> <li><b>Vandalism detection</b> - It helps others quickly identify and address potential vandalism.</li></ul> <p>There is R&D into automatic generation of edit summaries<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Multilingual_edit_summaries" data-mw-thread-id="h-Multilingual_edit_summaries-Automatic_summaries"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Multilingual_edit_summaries-Automatic_summaries"></span>Multilingual edit summaries<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Multilingual_edit_summaries-Automatic_summaries"></span></h3></div> <p>Some features, particularly those related to Wikidata, use multilingual automatic summaries through MediaWiki's autocomment functionality. These summaries appear in the viewer's language, adapting to their settings. In tools that show the raw edit summary, these may appear as a code or key, such as <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-php mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr"><span class="o">/*</span> <span class="nx">wbsetsitelink</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">add</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="mi">1</span></code>, which is used to manage internationalization (i18n). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Where_you_may_find_the_edit_summary" data-mw-thread-id="h-Where_you_may_find_the_edit_summary"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Where_you_may_find_the_edit_summary"></span>Where you may find the edit summary<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Where_you_may_find_the_edit_summary"></span></h2></div> <p>The edit summary appears in various places across the platform in <i>black italics</i>. Here's where you can find it: </p><p>Permanent locations: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:History" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:History">Page history</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:History" title="Help:History"> </a></span> - Shows a list of all edits made to a specific page, including the size of the wikitext (in bytes).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:User_contributions" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:User contributions">User contributions</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:User_contributions" title="Help:User contributions"> </a></span> - Displays a list of edits made by a specific user.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Diff" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Diff">Diff page</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:Diff" title="Help:Diff"> </a></span> - Highlights the differences between two edits.</li></ul> <p>Temporary locations: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watching_pages" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watching pages">Watchlist</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:Watching_pages" title="Help:Watching pages"> </a></span> - Lists recent changes to watched pages (for logged-in users). It also shows the change in the wikitext's size (in bytes). If you use the enhanced watchlist, you can see all recent changes to your watched pages, not just the most recent one for each page.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Recent_changes" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Recent changes">Recent changes</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:Recent_changes" title="Help:Recent changes"> </a></span> / <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:New_filters_for_edit_review" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:New filters for edit review">Enhanced recent changes</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:New_filters_for_edit_review" title="Help:New filters for edit review"> </a></span> - Lists all recent edits and shows the change in the wikitext's size (in bytes).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Related_changes" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Related changes">Related changes</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:Related_changes" title="Help:Related changes"> </a></span> - Displays recent changes to pages linked to a specified page, including the change in wikitext size (in bytes).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:NewPages" title="Special:NewPages">List of new pages</a> - Shows the edit summary for newly created pages and the current size of the wikitext (in bytes).</li></ul> <p>Additionally, the edit summary is included in the email notifications you receive if you've enabled email alerts for edits. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="File_upload_summary" data-mw-thread-id="h-File_upload_summary"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-File_upload_summary"></span>File upload summary<span data-mw-comment-end="h-File_upload_summary"></span></h2></div> <p>When you upload an image, you can include an upload summary. This summary has several important functions: </p> <ul><li><b>Automatic edit summary</b> - It becomes the second part of the automatically generated edit summary in the upload log (the first part is the file name).</li> <li><b>Image history</b> - It appears as text in the image's history entry.</li> <li><b>New file names</b> <ul><li><b>Image page creation</b> - It serves as the edit summary for creating the image page if the file name is new.</li> <li><b>Image page content</b> - It is used as wikitext for the editable section of the image page. Here, you can: <ul><li>Briefly describe the image</li> <li>Include internal or external links</li> <li>Use templates</li> <li>Specify one or more categories for the image</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Character_limit" data-mw-thread-id="h-Character_limit-File_upload_summary"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Character_limit-File_upload_summary"></span>Character limit<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Character_limit-File_upload_summary"></span></h3></div> <p>The upload summary can be over 600 characters long. Note that in the upload log, the last part of the summary may be cut off if it exceeds 600 characters (including <code>uploaded "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Filename&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filename (page does not exist)">filename</a>"</code>). </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6651107"><div role="note" class="note note-reminder">There is no preview function to check links, templates, or categories in the upload summary. If needed, you can always edit the image page after uploading to fix errors or extend the text.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Searching" data-mw-thread-id="h-Searching"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Searching"></span>Searching<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Searching"></span></h2></div> <p>MediaWiki's built-in search function doesn't include edit summaries, and these summaries aren't indexed by external search engines. </p><p>There is an unofficial external tool for filtering by edit summaries in Wikimedia projects at Wikimedia Labs: <a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/sigma/summary.py">edit summary search</a>. Also, hashtags (like #tag) can be searched at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hashtags.wmflabs.org/">https://hashtags.wmflabs.org</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Recommendations_for_edit_summaries" data-mw-thread-id="h-Recommendations_for_edit_summaries"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Recommendations_for_edit_summaries"></span>Recommendations for edit summaries<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Recommendations_for_edit_summaries"></span></h2></div> <ul><li><b>Always include a summary</b> - It's crucial to fill in the summary field for every edit you make. Even a brief summary is better than leaving it blank. If you remove text, a summary is especially important to clarify your reasons and prevent misunderstandings. If you're making multiple changes, mention them all, or use "and misc." to cover additional changes.</li> <li><b>Purpose of accurate summaries</b> - Summaries help others quickly understand the nature of your changes and decide if they want to review them. This is particularly useful for contributors with relevant expertise who might be drawn to detailed summaries. For minor edits, a brief note like "fixed spelling" is still valuable.</li> <li><b>Explain your changes</b> - Along with summarizing the changes, include an explanation if necessary. This is especially important if your edit involves deletions or significant modifications. For detailed explanations, use the Talk page and note "see Talk" in the summary.</li> <li><b>Edit summary limitations</b> - Once you save the page, you cannot edit the summary. Ensure it's accurate and free of spelling errors before saving.</li> <li><b>Correcting summary errors</b> - If you spot a mistake or omission in your summary after saving, make a <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Dummy_edit" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Dummy edit">dummy edit</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:Dummy_edit" title="Help:Dummy edit"> </a></span> to the page to correct it, updating the summary field with the needed information.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Action_summary" data-mw-thread-id="h-Action_summary"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Action_summary"></span>Action summary<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Action_summary"></span></h2></div> <p>When you perform protection or move actions on a page, these actions are recorded in the page history. Here's what you need to know: </p> <ul><li><b>History entry size</b> - Each entry is capped at 500 characters. This includes both the action description and any comments you provide.</li> <li><b>Action Descriptions</b> <ul><li>The system automatically generates descriptions like "moved XX to YY" based on the current site language.</li> <li>Changing your user interface language will not alter these descriptions.</li></ul></li> <li><b>User comments</b> <ul><li>If your comments are too long, the system may shorten them in the page history.</li> <li>The full, uncut version of your comments can be found in the protection/move logs, separate from the 500-character limit in the history.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Section" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Section">Help:Section</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:Section" title="Help:Section"> </a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Tracking_changes" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Tracking changes">Help:Tracking changes</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:Tracking_changes" title="Help:Tracking changes"> </a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Images" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Images">Help:Images</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:Images" title="Help:Images"> </a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Tags" title="Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Tags">Manual:Tags</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Manual:Tags" title="Manual:Tags"> </a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="References" data-mw-thread-id="h-References"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-References"></span>References<span data-mw-comment-end="h-References"></span></h2></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=IOS_version_history&action=history&offset=20200723132316&limit=62">Content of over a week worth of sixty revisions deleted due to discovered copyright violation on "iOS version history", but with mostly good use of edit summary.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.03428">Edisum: Summarizing and Explaining Wikipedia Edits at Scale</a></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Edit_summary&oldid=6779892">https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Edit_summary&oldid=6779892</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Help" title="Category:Help">Help</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 1 October 2024, at 21:19.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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