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Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampolla_de_vi" title="Ampolla de vi – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ampolla de vi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A1hev_na_v%C3%ADno" title="Láhev na víno – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Láhev na víno" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weinflasche" title="Weinflasche – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Weinflasche" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botella_de_vino" title="Botella de vino – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Botella de vino" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinbotelo" title="Vinbotelo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vinbotelo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="بطری شراب – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بطری شراب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouteille_de_vin" title="Bouteille de vin – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bouteille de vin" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%99%80%EC%9D%B8%EB%B3%91" title="와인병 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="와인병" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wijnfles" title="Wijnfles – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wijnfles" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AF%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9C%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB" title="ワインボトル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ワインボトル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinflaske" title="Vinflaske – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vinflaske" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garrafa_de_vinho" title="Garrafa de vinho – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Garrafa de vinho" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Винная бутылка – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Винная бутылка" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viinipullo" title="Viinipullo – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Viinipullo" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinflaska" title="Vinflaska – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vinflaska" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Earap_%C5%9Fi%C5%9Fesi" title="Şarap şişesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Şarap şişesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Bottle used for holding wine</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wine_bottle.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Wine_bottle.JPG/220px-Wine_bottle.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Wine_bottle.JPG/330px-Wine_bottle.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Wine_bottle.JPG/440px-Wine_bottle.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>The transparent green of a typical wine bottle</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paso_Robles_red_blend_unique_wine_bottle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Paso_Robles_red_blend_unique_wine_bottle.jpg/220px-Paso_Robles_red_blend_unique_wine_bottle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Paso_Robles_red_blend_unique_wine_bottle.jpg/330px-Paso_Robles_red_blend_unique_wine_bottle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Paso_Robles_red_blend_unique_wine_bottle.jpg/440px-Paso_Robles_red_blend_unique_wine_bottle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1936" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>A square wine bottle</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>wine bottle</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Bottle" title="Bottle">bottle</a>, generally a <a href="/wiki/Glass_bottle" title="Glass bottle">glass bottle</a>, that is used for holding <a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">wine</a>. Some wines are <a href="/wiki/Fermentation_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fermentation (wine)">fermented</a> in the bottle while others are bottled only after fermentation. Recently the bottle has become a standard unit of volume to describe sales in the wine industry, measuring 750 millilitres (26.40 imp fl oz; 25.36 US fl oz). Wine bottles are produced, however, in a variety of volumes and shapes.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wine bottles are traditionally sealed with a <a href="/wiki/Cork_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cork (wine)">cork</a>, but <a href="/wiki/Screw_cap_(wine)" title="Screw cap (wine)">screw-top caps</a> are <a href="/wiki/Screw_cap_(wine)#Adoption" title="Screw cap (wine)">becoming popular</a>, and there are several <a href="/wiki/Alternative_wine_closures" class="mw-redirect" title="Alternative wine closures">other methods</a> used to seal a bottle.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson000_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson000-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Jackson000_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jackson000-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MacNeil000_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacNeil000-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sizes">Sizes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_bottle&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Sizes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Relevant discussion may be found on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Wine_bottle#Mordecai" title="Talk:Wine bottle">talk page</a>. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Wine_bottle" title="Special:EditPage/Wine bottle">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2014</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Many traditional wine bottle sizes are named for <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Biblical</a> kings and historical figures.<sup id="cite_ref-PhilologosBiblicalKings_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PhilologosBiblicalKings-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The chart below<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> lists the sizes of various wine bottles in multiples relating to a standard bottle of wine, which is 0.75 <a href="/wiki/Litre" title="Litre">litres</a> (0.20 <a href="/wiki/US_gallon" class="mw-redirect" title="US gallon">US gal</a>; 0.16 <a href="/wiki/Imperial_gallon" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial gallon">imp gal</a>) (six 125 mL servings). The "wineglassful"—an official unit of the <a href="/wiki/Apothecaries%27_system" title="Apothecaries' system">apothecaries' system of weights</a>—is much smaller at 2.5 <a href="/wiki/Imperial_fluid_ounce" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial fluid ounce">imp fl oz</a> (71 <a href="/wiki/Millilitre" class="mw-redirect" title="Millilitre">mL</a>). </p><p>Most <a href="/wiki/List_of_Champagne_houses" title="List of Champagne houses">champagne houses</a> are unable to carry out <a href="/wiki/Secondary_fermentation_(wine)" title="Secondary fermentation (wine)">secondary fermentation</a> in bottles larger than a magnum due to the difficulty in <a href="/wiki/Riddling" class="mw-redirect" title="Riddling">riddling</a> large, heavy bottles. After the secondary fermentation completes, the champagne must be transferred from the magnums into larger bottles, which results in a loss of pressure. Some believe this re-bottling exposes the champagne to greater oxidation and therefore results in an inferior product compared to champagne which remains in the bottle in which it was fermented.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Volume (<a href="/wiki/Litre" title="Litre">litres</a>)</th> <th>Ratio</th> <th>Name</th> <th>Notes</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Champagne_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Champagne (wine)">Champagne</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Bordeaux_wine" title="Bordeaux wine">Bordeaux</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Burgundy_wine" title="Burgundy wine">Burgundy</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>0.1875</td> <td>0.25</td> <td>Piccolo</td> <td>"Small" in Italian. Also known as a "quarter bottle", "pony", "snipe" or "split". In Germany, the very popular "Piccolo" for sparkling wine is (predominantly) 0.2 litres, however (see below).</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>0.2</td> <td>0.2667</td> <td>Quarter</td> <td>Used for Champagne and sparkling wine</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-civc_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-civc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>0.25</td> <td>0.33</td> <td>Chopine</td> <td>Traditional <a href="/wiki/Chopine_(unit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chopine (unit)">French unit of volume</a></td> <td></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>0.375</td> <td>0.5</td> <td>Demi</td> <td>"Half" in French. Also known as a "half bottle". Common for <a href="/wiki/Ice_wine" title="Ice wine">ice wine</a></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes "half"<sup id="cite_ref-civc_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-civc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>0.378</td> <td>0.505</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fifth_(unit)#Tenth" title="Fifth (unit)">Tenth</a></td> <td>One tenth of a <a href="/wiki/United_States_customary_units#Fluid_volume" title="United States customary units">US gallon</a>*</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>0.5</td> <td>0.67</td> <td></td> <td>Used for Tokaj, Sauternes, Jerez, as well as several other types of sweet wines, also common for cheaper wines in Switzerland</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes "demie" or "pinte"<sup id="cite_ref-civc_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-civc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>0.620</td> <td>0.83</td> <td>Clavelin</td> <td>Primarily used for <i><a href="/wiki/Vin_jaune" title="Vin jaune">vin jaune</a></i></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>0.750</td> <td>1</td> <td>Standard</td> <td></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-civc_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-civc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>0.757</td> <td>1.01</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fifth_(unit)" title="Fifth (unit)">Fifth</a></td> <td>One-fifth of a <a href="/wiki/United_States_customary_units#Fluid_volume" title="United States customary units">US gallon</a>* (before 1979)</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1.0</td> <td>1.33</td> <td>Litre</td> <td>Popular size for Austrian wines</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1.5</td> <td>2</td> <td>Magnum</td> <td></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-civc_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-civc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>2.25</td> <td>3</td> <td>Marie Jeanne</td> <td>Also known as a "tregnum" or "tappit hen" in the port wine trade</td> <td></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3.0</td> <td>4</td> <td>Double Magnum</td> <td></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>3.0</td> <td>4</td> <td rowspan="2">Jeroboam</td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Jeroboam" title="Jeroboam">Biblical, first king of Northern Kingdom</a>. "Jeroboam" indicates different sizes in different regions of France.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-civc_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-civc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.5</td> <td>6</td> <td></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.5</td> <td>6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rehoboam_(unit)" title="Rehoboam (unit)">Rehoboam</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rehoboam" title="Rehoboam">Biblical, first king of separate Judea</a></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-civc_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-civc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>5.0</td> <td>6.67</td> <td>McKenzie</td> <td>Uncommon, primarily found in France</td> <td></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6.0</td> <td>8</td> <td>Imperial</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6.0</td> <td>8</td> <td>Methuselah</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Methuselah" title="Methuselah">Biblical, oldest man</a></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-civc_8-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-civc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>9.0</td> <td>12</td> <td>Salmanazar</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shalmaneser_V" title="Shalmaneser V">Biblical, Assyrian king</a></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-civc_8-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-civc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.0</td> <td>16</td> <td>Balthazar <i>or</i> Belshazzar<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>Balthazar—<a href="/wiki/Biblical_Magi" title="Biblical Magi">one of three Wise Men to present gifts at Jesus' nativity</a>; <i>Belshazzar</i> can also denote the co-regent of <a href="/wiki/Babylon" title="Babylon">Babylon</a> during the absence of Nabonidus, who had seized control after several brief reigns following <a href="/wiki/Nebuchadnezzar" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebuchadnezzar">Nebuchadnezzar</a>, for whom the next-larger bottle size is named.</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-civc_8-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-civc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>15.0</td> <td>20</td> <td>Nebuchadnezzar<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nebuchadnezzar" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebuchadnezzar">Biblical, King of Babylon</a></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-civc_8-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-civc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>18.0</td> <td>24</td> <td>Melchior</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Biblical_Magi" title="Biblical Magi">One of three Wise Men to present gifts at Jesus' nativity</a></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>20.0</td> <td>26</td> <td>Solomon</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Solomon" title="Solomon">Biblical, King of Israel, son of David</a></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-civc_8-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-civc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>26.25</td> <td>35</td> <td>Sovereign</td> <td>Reportedly created by <a href="/wiki/Taittinger" title="Taittinger">Taittinger</a> in 1988 for the launch of the then-world's largest cruise liner <i><a href="/wiki/MS_Sovereign" title="MS Sovereign">Sovereign of the Seas</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-civc_8-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-civc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>27.0</td> <td>36</td> <td>Primat or Goliath</td> <td>"Primat" likely from the Late Latin <i>prīmās</i> (chief, noble); Goliath—<a href="/wiki/Goliath" title="Goliath">Biblical, killed by David</a></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-civc_8-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-civc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>30.0</td> <td>40</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Melchizedek" title="Melchizedek">Melchizedek</a> or Midas</td> <td>Melchizedek—<a href="/wiki/Melchizedek" title="Melchizedek">Biblical, King of Salem</a>; Midas may refer to the <a href="/wiki/Midas#myths" title="Midas">mythical king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Phrygia" title="Phrygia">Phrygia</a> in <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-civc_8-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-civc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>* For many years, the US standard (non-metric) wine and <a href="/wiki/Liquor" title="Liquor">liquor</a> bottle was the "fifth", meaning one-fifth of a <a href="/wiki/United_States_customary_units#Fluid_volume" title="United States customary units">US gallon</a>, or 25.6 US fluid ounces (757 mL; 26.6 imp fl oz). Some beverages also came in tenth-gallon [12.8 US fluid ounces (379 mL; 13.3 imp fl oz)], eighth-gallon [1 US pint, or 16 US fluid ounces (473 mL; 16.7 imp fl oz)], sixth-gallon [22 US fluid ounces (651 mL; 22.9 imp fl oz)], fourth-gallon [1 US quart, or 32 US fluid ounces (946 mL; 33.3 imp fl oz)], half-gallon [64 US fluid ounces (1,890 mL; 66.6 imp fl oz)] and one-gallon [128 US fluid ounces (3,790 mL; 133 imp fl oz)] sizes.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1979, the US adopted the metric system for liquor bottles, with the basic wine bottle becoming 750 mL, as in Europe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Shapes">Shapes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_bottle&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Shapes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Wine_bottle" title="Special:EditPage/Wine bottle">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Wine+bottle%22">"Wine bottle"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Wine+bottle%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Wine+bottle%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Wine+bottle%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Wine+bottle%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Wine+bottle%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Veuve_clicquot_bottle_sizes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Veuve_clicquot_bottle_sizes.jpg/220px-Veuve_clicquot_bottle_sizes.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Veuve_clicquot_bottle_sizes.jpg/330px-Veuve_clicquot_bottle_sizes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Veuve_clicquot_bottle_sizes.jpg/440px-Veuve_clicquot_bottle_sizes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="721" data-file-height="514" /></a><figcaption>Side-by-side comparison of various sizes of champagne bottles (left to right), on the ladder: magnum, full, half, and quarter; on the floor: Balthazar, Salmanazar, Methuselah, and Jeroboam.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:McKenzie_(5L)_Burgundy_Bottle_.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/McKenzie_%285L%29_Burgundy_Bottle_.jpg/170px-McKenzie_%285L%29_Burgundy_Bottle_.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/McKenzie_%285L%29_Burgundy_Bottle_.jpg/255px-McKenzie_%285L%29_Burgundy_Bottle_.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/McKenzie_%285L%29_Burgundy_Bottle_.jpg/340px-McKenzie_%285L%29_Burgundy_Bottle_.jpg 2x" data-file-width="355" data-file-height="473" /></a><figcaption>Comparison of Standard and McKenzie Bordeaux bottles</figcaption></figure> <p>Wine producers in <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> and <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> follow the tradition of their local areas in choosing the shape of bottle most appropriate for their wine. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Port_wine" title="Port wine">Port</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sherry" title="Sherry">sherry</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bordeaux_wine" title="Bordeaux wine">Bordeaux</a> varieties: straight-sided and high-shouldered with a pronounced punt. Port and sherry bottles may have a bulbous neck to collect any residue.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgundy_wine" title="Burgundy wine">Burgundies</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rh%C3%B4ne_(wine_region)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhône (wine region)">Rhône</a> varieties: tall bottles with sloping shoulders and a smaller punt.</li> <li>Schlegel variety, predominantly used in German wine growing regions: similar to Burgundy bottles, but more slender and elongated.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rheingau" title="Rheingau">Rhine</a> (also known as <a href="/wiki/Hock_(wine)" title="Hock (wine)">hock</a> or hoch), <a href="/wiki/Mosel_wine" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosel wine">Mosel</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alsace_wine" title="Alsace wine">Alsace</a> varieties: narrow and tall with little or no punt.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champagne_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Champagne (wine)">Champagne</a> and other sparkling wines: thick-walled and wide with a pronounced punt and sloping shoulders (resembling Burgundy bottles).</li> <li>German wines from <a href="/wiki/Franconia_(wine_region)" title="Franconia (wine region)">Franconia</a>: the <a href="/wiki/Bocksbeutel" title="Bocksbeutel">Bocksbeutel</a> bottle.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Chianti" title="Chianti">Chianti</a> and some other Italian wines: the <i><a href="/wiki/Fiasco_(bottle)" title="Fiasco (bottle)">fiasco</a></i>, a round-bottomed flask encased in a straw basket. This is more often used for everyday <a href="/wiki/Table_wine" title="Table wine">table wines</a>; many of the higher-grade Chianti producers have switched to Bordeaux-type bottles.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Many North and South American, South African, and Australasian wine producers select the bottle shape with which they wish to associate their wines. For instance, a producer who believes his wine is similar to Burgundy may choose to bottle his wine in Burgundy-style bottles.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gar%C3%A7on_Wines_-_Chilean_Flaca_Merlot_near_postal_box_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Gar%C3%A7on_Wines_-_Chilean_Flaca_Merlot_near_postal_box_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Gar%C3%A7on_Wines_-_Chilean_Flaca_Merlot_near_postal_box_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Gar%C3%A7on_Wines_-_Chilean_Flaca_Merlot_near_postal_box_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Gar%C3%A7on_Wines_-_Chilean_Flaca_Merlot_near_postal_box_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Gar%C3%A7on_Wines_-_Chilean_Flaca_Merlot_near_postal_box_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Gar%C3%A7on_Wines_-_Chilean_Flaca_Merlot_near_postal_box_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>A flat PET bottle and a cardboard carton in which it can be delivered postally</figcaption></figure> <p>Other producers (both in and out of Europe) have chosen idiosyncratic bottle styles for marketing purposes. Pere-Anselme markets its <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teauneuf-du-Pape_(AOC)" class="mw-redirect" title="Châteauneuf-du-Pape (AOC)">Châteauneuf-du-Pape</a> in bottles that appear half-melted. The Moselland company of <a href="/wiki/Bernkastel-Kues" title="Bernkastel-Kues">Bernkastel-Kues</a> in Germany has a <a href="/wiki/Riesling" title="Riesling">Riesling</a> with a bottle in the shape of a stylized cat.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The British company <a href="/wiki/Gar%C3%A7on_Wines" title="Garçon Wines">Garçon Wines</a> makes a flat wine bottle from recycled PET which is flat enough to fit through a letterbox and hence can be delivered by post.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The home <a href="/wiki/Wine_making" class="mw-redirect" title="Wine making">wine maker</a> may use any bottle, as the shape of the bottle does not affect the taste of the finished product. The sole exception is in producing <a href="/wiki/Sparkling_wine" title="Sparkling wine">sparkling wine</a>, where thicker-walled bottles should be used to handle the excess pressure. </p><p>Most wine bottles standards have a bore (inner neck) diameter of 18.5 mm at the mouth of the bottle and increase to 21 mm before expanding into the full bottle. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Clos_Haut_Peyraguey_1986.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A bottle from Bordeaux: (a bordelaise)"><img alt="A bottle from Bordeaux: (a bordelaise)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Clos_Haut_Peyraguey_1986.jpg/90px-Clos_Haut_Peyraguey_1986.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Clos_Haut_Peyraguey_1986.jpg/135px-Clos_Haut_Peyraguey_1986.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Clos_Haut_Peyraguey_1986.jpg/180px-Clos_Haut_Peyraguey_1986.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A bottle from <a href="/wiki/Bordeaux_wine" title="Bordeaux wine">Bordeaux</a>: (a bordelaise)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Burgundy_bottles.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A bottle from Burgundy: (a bourguignonne)"><img alt="A bottle from Burgundy: (a bourguignonne)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Burgundy_bottles.jpg/79px-Burgundy_bottles.jpg" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Burgundy_bottles.jpg/119px-Burgundy_bottles.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Burgundy_bottles.jpg/159px-Burgundy_bottles.jpg 2x" data-file-width="537" data-file-height="810" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A bottle from <a href="/wiki/Bourgogne_wine" class="mw-redirect" title="Bourgogne wine">Burgundy</a>: (a bourguignonne)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Feuillatte_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bottles from Champagne: (champagnes)"><img alt="Bottles from Champagne: (champagnes)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Feuillatte_002.jpg/92px-Feuillatte_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Feuillatte_002.jpg/137px-Feuillatte_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Feuillatte_002.jpg/183px-Feuillatte_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1417" data-file-height="1854" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bottles from <a href="/wiki/Champagne" title="Champagne">Champagne</a>: (champagnes)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gewurztraminer_Alsace4.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A bottle from Alsace: (a flute)"><img alt="A bottle from Alsace: (a flute)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Gewurztraminer_Alsace4.jpg/34px-Gewurztraminer_Alsace4.jpg" decoding="async" width="34" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Gewurztraminer_Alsace4.jpg/51px-Gewurztraminer_Alsace4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Gewurztraminer_Alsace4.jpg/69px-Gewurztraminer_Alsace4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="169" data-file-height="588" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A bottle from <a href="/wiki/Alsace_wine" title="Alsace wine">Alsace</a>: (a flute)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wine_bottle_Provence.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A bottle from Provence: (a flute with corset, or flute provençale, or flute quille)"><img alt="A bottle from Provence: (a flute with corset, or flute provençale, or flute quille)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Wine_bottle_Provence.jpg/90px-Wine_bottle_Provence.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Wine_bottle_Provence.jpg/135px-Wine_bottle_Provence.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Wine_bottle_Provence.jpg/180px-Wine_bottle_Provence.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A bottle from <a href="/wiki/Provence_wine" title="Provence wine">Provence</a>: (a flute with corset, or flute provençale, or flute quille)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jura_Arbois_Traminer_2006_bottle.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A bottle from Jura (a jurassienne)"><img alt="A bottle from Jura (a jurassienne)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Jura_Arbois_Traminer_2006_bottle.jpg/55px-Jura_Arbois_Traminer_2006_bottle.jpg" decoding="async" width="55" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Jura_Arbois_Traminer_2006_bottle.jpg/82px-Jura_Arbois_Traminer_2006_bottle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Jura_Arbois_Traminer_2006_bottle.jpg/110px-Jura_Arbois_Traminer_2006_bottle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1167" data-file-height="2551" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A bottle from <a href="/wiki/Jura_wine" title="Jura wine">Jura</a><br />(a jurassienne)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vin_Jaune.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A bottle of yellow wine from Jura: (a clavelin)"><img alt="A bottle of yellow wine from Jura: (a clavelin)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Vin_Jaune.jpg/120px-Vin_Jaune.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Vin_Jaune.jpg/180px-Vin_Jaune.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Vin_Jaune.jpg/240px-Vin_Jaune.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="979" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A bottle of <a href="/wiki/Vin_jaune" title="Vin jaune">yellow wine</a> from <a href="/wiki/Jura_wine" title="Jura wine">Jura</a>: (a <i>clavelin</i>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bouteille_type_muscadet_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A bottle from Muscadet: (a muscadet)"><img alt="A bottle from Muscadet: (a muscadet)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Bouteille_type_muscadet_1.jpg/69px-Bouteille_type_muscadet_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="69" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Bouteille_type_muscadet_1.jpg/103px-Bouteille_type_muscadet_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Bouteille_type_muscadet_1.jpg/138px-Bouteille_type_muscadet_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1770" data-file-height="3072" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A bottle from <a href="/wiki/Muscadet" title="Muscadet">Muscadet</a>: (a muscadet)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gaillacoise.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bottles from Gaillac: (some gaillacoises)"><img alt="Bottles from Gaillac: (some gaillacoises)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Gaillacoise.jpg/94px-Gaillacoise.jpg" decoding="async" width="94" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Gaillacoise.jpg/142px-Gaillacoise.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Gaillacoise.jpg/189px-Gaillacoise.jpg 2x" data-file-width="695" data-file-height="882" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bottles from <a href="/wiki/Gaillac_(AOC)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaillac (AOC)">Gaillac</a>: (some gaillacoises)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:4_Garraf%C3%B5es.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bottles of Vinho Verde in plastic (of garrafões)"><img alt="Bottles of Vinho Verde in plastic (of garrafões)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/4_Garraf%C3%B5es.jpg/120px-4_Garraf%C3%B5es.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/4_Garraf%C3%B5es.jpg/180px-4_Garraf%C3%B5es.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/4_Garraf%C3%B5es.jpg/240px-4_Garraf%C3%B5es.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bottles of <a href="/wiki/Vinho_Verde" title="Vinho Verde">Vinho Verde</a> in plastic (of <i>garrafões</i>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bocksbeutels.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bottles from Franconia: (a bocksbeutel)"><img alt="Bottles from Franconia: (a bocksbeutel)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Bocksbeutels.jpg/114px-Bocksbeutels.jpg" decoding="async" width="114" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Bocksbeutels.jpg/172px-Bocksbeutels.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Bocksbeutels.jpg/229px-Bocksbeutels.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1755" data-file-height="1839" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bottles from <a href="/wiki/Franconia" title="Franconia">Franconia</a>: (a <a href="/wiki/Bocksbeutel" title="Bocksbeutel">bocksbeutel</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fiasco_di_vino_rosso_da_tavola_Monteriggioni.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A bottle from Chianti (a fiasco)"><img alt="A bottle from Chianti (a fiasco)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Fiasco_di_vino_rosso_da_tavola_Monteriggioni.jpg/87px-Fiasco_di_vino_rosso_da_tavola_Monteriggioni.jpg" decoding="async" width="87" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Fiasco_di_vino_rosso_da_tavola_Monteriggioni.jpg/131px-Fiasco_di_vino_rosso_da_tavola_Monteriggioni.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Fiasco_di_vino_rosso_da_tavola_Monteriggioni.jpg/175px-Fiasco_di_vino_rosso_da_tavola_Monteriggioni.jpg 2x" data-file-width="584" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A bottle from <a href="/wiki/Chianti" title="Chianti">Chianti</a> (a <a href="/wiki/Fiasco_(bottle)" title="Fiasco (bottle)">fiasco</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blaxsta_Vidal_Icewine_2005_bottle.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A bottle of ice wine"><img alt="A bottle of ice wine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Blaxsta_Vidal_Icewine_2005_bottle.jpg/37px-Blaxsta_Vidal_Icewine_2005_bottle.jpg" decoding="async" width="37" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Blaxsta_Vidal_Icewine_2005_bottle.jpg/55px-Blaxsta_Vidal_Icewine_2005_bottle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Blaxsta_Vidal_Icewine_2005_bottle.jpg/74px-Blaxsta_Vidal_Icewine_2005_bottle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="490" data-file-height="1582" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A bottle of <a href="/wiki/Ice_wine" title="Ice wine">ice wine</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Foils_and_netting">Foils and netting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_bottle&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Foils and netting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paper_strip_under_wine_bottle_foil.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6f/Paper_strip_under_wine_bottle_foil.jpg/150px-Paper_strip_under_wine_bottle_foil.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="277" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6f/Paper_strip_under_wine_bottle_foil.jpg/225px-Paper_strip_under_wine_bottle_foil.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6f/Paper_strip_under_wine_bottle_foil.jpg/300px-Paper_strip_under_wine_bottle_foil.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="2496" /></a><figcaption>A paper strip beneath the foil</figcaption></figure> <p>Commercial corked wine bottles typically have a protective sleeve called a foil (commonly referred to as a "capsule") covering the top of the bottle, the purpose of which is to protect the <a href="/wiki/Cork_(material)" title="Cork (material)">cork</a> from being gnawed away by <a href="/wiki/Rodent" title="Rodent">rodents</a> or infested with the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cork_weevil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cork weevil (page does not exist)">cork weevil</a> and to serve as collar to catch small drips when pouring. The foil also serves as a decorative element of the bottle's label. Foils were historically made of <a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">lead</a>, but research showed that trace amounts of toxic lead could remain on the lip of the bottle and mix with the poured wine,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> so lead foil wrapping was slowly phased out, and by the 1990s,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> most foils were made of <a href="/wiki/Tin" title="Tin">tin</a>, heat-shrink plastic (<a href="/wiki/Polyethylene" title="Polyethylene">polyethylene</a>, <a href="/wiki/PVC" class="mw-redirect" title="PVC">PVC</a>), <a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">aluminium</a> or polylaminate aluminium. </p><p>Sealing wax is sometimes used, or the foil can be omitted entirely.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the US, the FDA officially banned lead foils on domestic and imported wine bottles as of 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some bottles of wine have a paper strip beneath the foil, as a seal of authenticity, which must be broken before the bottle can be uncorked. Bottles of high-end <a href="/wiki/Rioja_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rioja (wine)">Rioja</a> wine may have a covering of gold wire netting, Spaniard <a href="/w/index.php?title=Camilo_Hurtado_de_Am%C3%A9zaga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Camilo Hurtado de Amézaga (page does not exist)">Camilo Hurtado de Amézaga</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marqu%C3%A9s_de_Riscal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marqués de Riscal (page does not exist)">Marqués de Riscal</a> founded a winery in Rioja, in 1858, naming it after his own noble title, which had been created in 1708 by <a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_Spain" title="Philip V of Spain">Philip V</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> He produced award-winning wines which became the preferred wines of <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfonso XII of Spain">King Alfonso XII</a>. Camilo Hurtado de Amézaga invented a wire netting that covered his bottle, thereby preventing counterfeiters from substituting the wine, since it was impossible to remove the netting without breaking it. Modern day bottles of Rioja carry a much finer wire netting as a decoration.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Punts">Punts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_bottle&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Punts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bouteille.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Bouteille.jpg/150px-Bouteille.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Bouteille.jpg/225px-Bouteille.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Bouteille.jpg/300px-Bouteille.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3866" data-file-height="6160" /></a><figcaption>An empty (Bordeaux-style) wine bottle with a punt at its base.</figcaption></figure> <p>A punt, also known as a kick-up, is the dimple at the bottom of a wine bottle. There is no consensus explanation for its purpose. The more commonly cited explanations include:<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson000_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson000-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>It is a historical remnant from the era when wine bottles were <a href="/wiki/Glassblowing#Free-blowing" title="Glassblowing">free blown</a> using a <a href="/wiki/Blowpipe_(tool)" title="Blowpipe (tool)">blowpipe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pontil" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontil">pontil</a>. This technique leaves a <a href="/wiki/Pontil_mark" title="Pontil mark">punt mark</a> on the base of the bottle; by indenting the point where the <a href="/wiki/Pontil" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontil">pontil</a> is attached, this scar would not scratch the table or make the bottle unstable.</li> <li>It had the function of making the bottle less likely to topple over—a bottle designed with a flat bottom only needs a small imperfection to make it unstable—the dimple historically allowed for a larger margin of error.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="please link to a citation for this claim, or delete (May 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>It consolidates sediment deposits in a thick ring at the bottom of the bottle, preventing much/most of it from being poured into the glass; this may be a more historical than functional attribute since most modern wines contain little or no sediment.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>It increases the strength of the bottle, allowing it to hold the high pressure of sparkling wine/champagne.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>It provides a grip for <a href="/wiki/Riddling" class="mw-redirect" title="Riddling">riddling</a> a bottle of sparkling wine manually in the traditional champagne production process.</li> <li>It consumes some volume of the bottle, allowing the bottle to appear larger for the same amount of wine, which may impress the purchaser.<sup id="cite_ref-puntglossary_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-puntglossary-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In folklore, taverns had a steel pin set vertically in the bar. The empty bottle would be thrust bottom-end down onto this pin, puncturing a hole in the top of the punt, guaranteeing the bottle could not be refilled.</li> <li>It prevents the bottle from resonating as easily, decreasing the likelihood of shattering during transportation.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="please link to a citation for this claim, or delete (May 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>It allows bottles to be more easily stacked end to end.<sup id="cite_ref-puntglossary_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-puntglossary-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Bottles could be stacked in cargo holds on ships without rolling around and breaking.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>It makes the bottle easier to clean prior to filling with wine. When a stream of water is injected into the bottle and impacts the punt, it is distributed throughout the bottom of the bottle and removes residues.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="please link to a citation for this claim, or delete (May 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Environmental_impact">Environmental impact</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_bottle&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Environmental impact"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Glass retains its color on <a href="/wiki/Glass_recycling" title="Glass recycling">recycling</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> has a large surplus of green glass because it imports a large quantity of wine but <a href="/wiki/Wine_from_the_United_Kingdom" title="Wine from the United Kingdom">produces very little</a>. Annually 1.4 million <a href="/wiki/Ton" title="Ton">tons</a> are sent to <a href="/wiki/Landfill" title="Landfill">landfill</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-guardian_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Glass is a relatively heavy packing material and wine bottles use quite thick glass, so the <a href="/wiki/Tare_weight" title="Tare weight">tare weight</a> of a full wine bottle is a relatively high proportion of its <a href="/wiki/Gross_weight" class="mw-redirect" title="Gross weight">gross weight</a>. The average weight of an empty 750 mL wine bottle is 500 g (and can range from 300 to 900 g), which makes the glass 40% of the total weight of the full bottle.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This has led to suggestions that wine should be exported <a href="/wiki/Bulk_material_handling" title="Bulk material handling">in bulk</a> from producer regions and bottled close to the market. This would reduce the cost of transportation and its <a href="/wiki/Carbon_footprint" title="Carbon footprint">carbon footprint</a>, and provide a local market for recycled green glass.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Less radically, <a href="/wiki/Boxed_wine" class="mw-redirect" title="Boxed wine">boxed wine</a> is sold in large, light-weight, foil-lined cardboard containers, though its use has been restricted to cheaper products in the past and as such retains a stigma. Following declining sales of wine boxes in the UK, in 2009 the <a href="/wiki/Office_for_National_Statistics" title="Office for National Statistics">Office for National Statistics</a> removed them from its <a href="/wiki/Consumer_Price_Index" class="mw-redirect" title="Consumer Price Index">Consumer Price Index</a> measure of <a href="/wiki/Inflation" title="Inflation">inflation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some wine producers are exploring more alternative packagings such as <a href="/wiki/Plastic_bottle" title="Plastic bottle">plastic bottles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tetra_pack" class="mw-redirect" title="Tetra pack">tetra packs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_bottle&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/15px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/22px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/30px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="948" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Wine" title="Portal:Wine">Wine portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beer_bottle" title="Beer bottle">Beer bottle</a> – Bottle designed as a container for beer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_bottle" title="Glass bottle">Glass bottle</a> – Narrow-necked container</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenelm_Digby" title="Kenelm Digby">Kenelm Digby</a> – English courtier, diplomat, astrologer and scientist, considered the father of the modern wine bottle</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_bottle&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180128021126/http://www.bordeaux-traders.com/news/wine-bottle-sizes/">"Wine Bottle Sizes"</a>. Bordeaux Traders. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bordeaux-traders.com/news/wine-bottle-sizes/">the original</a> on 28 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wine+Bottle+Sizes&rft.pub=Bordeaux+Traders&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bordeaux-traders.com%2Fnews%2Fwine-bottle-sizes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+bottle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Johnson000-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Johnson000_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnson000_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2004" class="citation book cs1">Johnson, Hugh (2004). <i>The Story of Wine</i>. Sterling Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84000-972-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-84000-972-1"><bdi>1-84000-972-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Story+of+Wine&rft.pub=Sterling+Publishing&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-84000-972-1&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+bottle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jackson000-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jackson000_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJackson1997" class="citation book cs1">Jackson, Ron (1997). <i>Conserve Water, Drink Wine: Recollections of a Vinous Voyage of Discovery</i>. Haworth Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56022-864-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-56022-864-4"><bdi>1-56022-864-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Conserve+Water%2C+Drink+Wine%3A+Recollections+of+a+Vinous+Voyage+of+Discovery&rft.pub=Haworth+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=1-56022-864-4&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Ron&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+bottle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MacNeil000-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MacNeil000_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacNeil2001" class="citation book cs1">MacNeil, Karen (2001). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/winebible00kare"><i>The Wine Bible</i></a></span>. Workman. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56305-434-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-56305-434-5"><bdi>1-56305-434-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Wine+Bible&rft.pub=Workman&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-56305-434-5&rft.aulast=MacNeil&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwinebible00kare&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+bottle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PhilologosBiblicalKings-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PhilologosBiblicalKings_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhilologos2017" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Philologos" title="Philologos">Philologos</a> (19 July 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mosaicmagazine.com/observation/2017/07/why-are-extremely-large-wine-bottles-named-after-biblical-kings/">"Why Are Extremely Large Wine Bottles Named after Biblical Kings? The convoluted story of jeroboams, rehoboams, methuselahs, and more"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Mosaic_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosaic Magazine">Mosaic Magazine</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Why+Are+Extremely+Large+Wine+Bottles+Named+after+Biblical+Kings%3F+The+convoluted+story+of+jeroboams%2C+rehoboams%2C+methuselahs%2C+and+more.&rft.date=2017-07-19&rft.au=Philologos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmosaicmagazine.com%2Fobservation%2F2017%2F07%2Fwhy-are-extremely-large-wine-bottles-named-after-biblical-kings%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+bottle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://winestorageguide.com/wine-bottle-sizes-and-designations">"Wine 101: Wine Bottle Sizes and Designations"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wine+101%3A+Wine+Bottle+Sizes+and+Designations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwinestorageguide.com%2Fwine-bottle-sizes-and-designations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+bottle" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This reference citation appears to be to a self-published source. (November 2014)">self-published source</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adorechampagne.com/stemware/guide-champagne-bottle-sizes-names-653">"Champagne Bottle Sizes"</a>. Adore Champagne<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Champagne+Bottle+Sizes&rft.pub=Adore+Champagne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.adorechampagne.com%2Fstemware%2Fguide-champagne-bottle-sizes-names-653&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+bottle" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This reference citation appears to be to a self-published source. (April 2014)">self-published source</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-civc-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-civc_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-civc_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-civc_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-civc_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-civc_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-civc_8-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-civc_8-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-civc_8-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-civc_8-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-civc_8-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-civc_8-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-civc_8-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-civc_8-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-civc_8-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-civc_8-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.champagne.fr/en/tasting-and-appreciation/choosing-a-champagne-wine/champagne-bottles">"Different bottle styles"</a>. <i>The Comité Champagne</i>. <a href="/wiki/Comit%C3%A9_Interprofessionnel_du_vin_de_Champagne" title="Comité Interprofessionnel du vin de Champagne">Comité Interprofessionnel du vin de Champagne</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Comit%C3%A9+Champagne&rft.atitle=Different+bottle+styles&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.champagne.fr%2Fen%2Ftasting-and-appreciation%2Fchoosing-a-champagne-wine%2Fchampagne-bottles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+bottle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081211010754/http://www.jeroboam.com/jeroboam_wine_facts.html">"Jeroboam Wine Facts"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jeroboam.com/jeroboam_wine_facts.html">the original</a> on 11 December 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jeroboam+Wine+Facts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jeroboam.com%2Fjeroboam_wine_facts.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+bottle" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This reference citation appears to be to a self-published source. (January 2013)">self-published source</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">"Balthazar, n.". <i>Oxford English Dictionary</i>. <q>Forms: Also Balthasar, Belshazzar.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Balthazar%2C+n.&rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+bottle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManserPickering2003" class="citation book cs1">Manser, Martin H.; Pickering, David H., eds. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LIcL56NQ3gsC&q=Nebuchadnezzar&pg=PA257"><i>The Facts on File dictionary of classical and biblical allusions</i></a>. New York, NY: Checkmark Books. p. 257. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780816048687" title="Special:BookSources/9780816048687"><bdi>9780816048687</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Facts+on+File+dictionary+of+classical+and+biblical+allusions&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pages=257&rft.pub=Checkmark+Books&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9780816048687&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLIcL56NQ3gsC%26q%3DNebuchadnezzar%26pg%3DPA257&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+bottle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bigbottles.co.uk/champagne-bottle-sizes">"Champagne bottle sizes"</a>. <i>BigBottles.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Why+Rioja+Bottles+Are+Wrapped+in+Gold+Wire+%E2%80%93+To+Stop+Thieves&rft.pub=VinePair&rft.date=2015-02-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvinepair.com%2Fwine-blog%2Frioja-bottles-wrapped-gold-wire-stop-thieves&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+bottle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(MacNeil 2001).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2005" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Magandeep (2005). <i>Wine Wisdom</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2007</span>. <q>If wine was imported in bulk vats and then bottled locally, the market for the most beneficial recycling option would increase.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Carbon+copy&rft.pub=Waste+Management+%26+Environment&rft.aulast=Lamb&rft.aufirst=Garth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wme.com.au%2Fcategories%2Fwaste_managemt%2Faug4_06.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+bottle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070621034535/http://www.britglass.org.uk/NewsEvents/BGNewsCurrent/NewWineBottleProject.html">"New Wine Bottle Project"</a> (Press release). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Wine+Bottle+Project&rft.pub=British+Glass&rft.date=2006-09-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbritglass.org.uk%2FNewsEvents%2FBGNewsCurrent%2FNewWineBottleProject.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+bottle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7958785.stm">"Chicken in the basket of UK goods"</a>. BBC<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eco-Smart+Cartons&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbanditwines.com%2Feco-smart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+bottle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_and_cited_references">General and cited references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_bottle&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: General and cited references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Jean-Robert Pitte, <i>La bouteille de vin: Histoire d'une révolution</i>, 2013, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9791021001138" title="Special:BookSources/9791021001138">9791021001138</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_bottle&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 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title="Wine press">Wine press</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maceration_(wine)" title="Maceration (wine)">Maceration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carbonic_maceration" title="Carbonic maceration">Carbonic maceration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fermentation_in_winemaking" title="Fermentation in winemaking">Fermentation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malolactic_fermentation" title="Malolactic fermentation">Malolactic fermentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparkling_wine_production" title="Sparkling wine production">Sparkling wine production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugars_in_wine" title="Sugars in wine">Sugars in wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCssreserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Süssreserve">Süssreserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_method" title="Traditional method">Traditional method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeast_assimilable_nitrogen" title="Yeast assimilable nitrogen">Yeast assimilable nitrogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeast_in_winemaking" title="Yeast in winemaking">Yeast in winemaking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aging_of_wine" title="Aging of wine">Aging</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oak_(wine)" title="Oak (wine)">Oak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solera" title="Solera">Solera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_cellar" title="Wine cellar">Wine cellar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other steps</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clarification_and_stabilization_of_wine" title="Clarification and stabilization of wine">Clarification and stabilization of wine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Winery" title="Winery">Winery</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wine bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_viticulture_terms" title="Glossary of viticulture terms">Glossary of viticulture terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_winemaking_terms" title="Glossary of winemaking terms">Glossary of winemaking terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_tasting_descriptors" title="Wine tasting descriptors">Wine tasting descriptors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_wine_press" title="History of the wine press">History of the wine press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_wine" title="History of wine">History of wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terroir" title="Terroir">Terroir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/8px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/13px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/17px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="948" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Wine" title="Portal:Wine">Wine portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Packaging" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Packaging" title="Template:Packaging"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a 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packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modified_atmosphere/modified_humidity_packaging" title="Modified atmosphere/modified humidity packaging">Modified atmosphere/modified humidity packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overpackaging" title="Overpackaging">Overpackaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Package_delivery" title="Package delivery">Package delivery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Package_pilferage" title="Package pilferage">Package pilferage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Package_testing" title="Package testing">Package testing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Package_theft" title="Package theft">Package theft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packaging_engineering" title="Packaging engineering">Packaging engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resealable_packaging" title="Resealable packaging">Resealable packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reusable_packaging" title="Reusable packaging">Reusable packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reuse_of_bottles" title="Reuse of bottles">Reuse of bottles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelf_life" title="Shelf life">Shelf life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelf-ready_packaging" title="Shelf-ready packaging">Shelf-ready packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelf-stable_food" title="Shelf-stable food">Shelf-stable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_packaging" title="Sustainable packaging">Sustainable packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamper-evident_technology" title="Tamper-evident technology">Tamper-evident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamper_resistance" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamper resistance">Tamper resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrap_rage" title="Wrap rage">Wrap rage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Product<br />packages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_wine_closure" title="Alternative wine closure">Alternative wine closure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammunition_box" title="Ammunition box">Ammunition box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banana_box" title="Banana box">Banana box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beer_bottle" title="Beer bottle">Beer bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Box_wine" title="Box wine">Box wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case-ready_meat" title="Case-ready meat">Case-ready meat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_bag" title="Coffee bag">Coffee bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmetic_packaging" title="Cosmetic packaging">Cosmetic packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Currency_packaging" title="Currency packaging">Currency packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disposable_food_packaging" title="Disposable food packaging">Disposable food packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drink_can" title="Drink can">Drink can</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_carton" title="Egg carton">Egg carton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evidence_packaging" title="Evidence packaging">Evidence packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_ration" title="Field ration">Field ration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flour_sack" title="Flour sack">Flour sack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foam_food_container" title="Foam food container">Foam food container</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_packaging" title="Food packaging">Food packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuel_container" title="Fuel container">Fuel container</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_cylinder" title="Gas cylinder">Gas cylinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_milk_bottle" title="Glass milk bottle">Glass milk bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Growler_(jug)" title="Growler (jug)">Growler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juicebox_(container)" class="mw-redirect" title="Juicebox (container)">Juicebox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_plastic_water_bottle" title="Low plastic water bottle">Low plastic water bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxury_packaging" title="Luxury packaging">Luxury packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_bag" title="Milk bag">Milk bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_disc_packaging" title="Optical disc packaging">Optical disc packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_pail" title="Oyster pail">Oyster pail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microwave_popcorn" title="Microwave popcorn">Popcorn bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_packaging" class="mw-redirect" title="Pharmaceutical packaging">Pharmaceutical packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_milk_container" title="Plastic milk container">Plastic milk container</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purdue_Improved_Crop_Storage_bags" title="Purdue Improved Crop Storage bags">Purdue Improved Crop Storage bags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sand_bag" class="mw-redirect" title="Sand bag">Sand bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seasonal_packaging" title="Seasonal packaging">Seasonal packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-heating_food_packaging" title="Self-heating food packaging">Self-heating food packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screw_cap_(wine)" title="Screw cap (wine)">Screw cap (wine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-serve_coffee_container" title="Single-serve coffee container">Single-serve coffee container</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spray_paint" title="Spray paint">Spray paint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toothpaste_pump_dispenser" title="Toothpaste pump dispenser">Toothpaste pump dispenser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dosage_form" title="Dosage form">Unit dose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_bottle" title="Water bottle">Water bottle</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wine bottle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Container" title="Container">Containers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerosol_spray_dispenser" title="Aerosol spray dispenser">Aerosol spray dispenser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aluminium_bottle" title="Aluminium bottle">Aluminium bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aluminum_can" title="Aluminum can">Aluminum can</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ampoule" title="Ampoule">Ampoule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antistatic_bag" title="Antistatic bag">Antistatic bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bag-in-box" title="Bag-in-box">Bag-in-box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bag" title="Bag">Bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrel" title="Barrel">Barrel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodegradable_bag" title="Biodegradable bag">Biodegradable bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blister_pack" title="Blister pack">Blister pack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boil-in-bag" title="Boil-in-bag">Boil-in-bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bottle" title="Bottle">Bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Box" title="Box">Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulk_box" title="Bulk box">Bulk box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cage" title="Cage">Cage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_(goods)" title="Case (goods)">Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carboy" title="Carboy">Carboy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carton" title="Carton">Carton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chub_(container)" title="Chub (container)">Chub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clamshell_(container)" title="Clamshell (container)">Clamshell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corrugated_box_design" title="Corrugated box design">Corrugated box design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crate" title="Crate">Crate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disposable_cup" title="Disposable cup">Disposable cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drum_(container)" title="Drum (container)">Drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endcap" title="Endcap">Endcap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Envelope" title="Envelope">Envelope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_container" title="Euro container">Euro container</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container" title="Flexible intermediate bulk container">Flexible intermediate bulk container</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexible_tank" title="Flexible tank">Flexible tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folding_carton" title="Folding carton">Folding carton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_bottle" title="Glass bottle">Glass bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunny_sack" title="Gunny sack">Gunny sack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inhaler" title="Inhaler">Inhaler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insulated_shipping_container" title="Insulated shipping container">Insulated shipping container</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intermediate_bulk_container" title="Intermediate bulk container">Intermediate bulk container</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jar" title="Jar">Jar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerrycan" title="Jerrycan">Jerrycan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jug" title="Jug">Jug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keg" title="Keg">Keg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesh_bag" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesh bag">Mesh bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multilayered_packaging" title="Multilayered packaging">Multilayered packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-pack" title="Multi-pack">Multi-pack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packet_(container)" title="Packet (container)">Packet (container)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padded_envelope" title="Padded envelope">Padded envelope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pail_(container)" title="Pail (container)">Pail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_bag" title="Paper bag">Paper bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_sack" class="mw-redirect" title="Paper sack">Paper sack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_bag" title="Plastic bag">Plastic bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_bottle" title="Plastic bottle">Plastic bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retort_pouch" title="Retort pouch">Retort pouch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvage_drum" title="Salvage drum">Salvage drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachet" title="Sachet">Sachet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Water_sachet" title="Water sachet">Water sachet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_bag" title="Security bag">Security bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipping_container" title="Shipping container">Shipping container</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipping_tube" title="Shipping tube">Shipping tube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skin_pack" title="Skin pack">Skin pack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spray_bottle" title="Spray bottle">Spray bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squround" title="Squround">Squround</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stand-up_pouch" title="Stand-up pouch">Stand-up pouch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steel_and_tin_cans" title="Steel and tin cans">Steel and tin cans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetra_Brik" title="Tetra Brik">Tetra Brik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermal_bag" title="Thermal bag">Thermal bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tub_(container)" title="Tub (container)">Tub (container)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tube_(container)" title="Tube (container)">Tube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unit_load" title="Unit load">Unit load</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vial" title="Vial">Vial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wooden_box" title="Wooden box">Wooden box</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Materials<br />and<br />components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adhesive" title="Adhesive">Adhesive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aluminium_foil" title="Aluminium foil">Aluminium foil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bail_handle" title="Bail handle">Bail handle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bioplastic" title="Bioplastic">Bioplastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodegradable_plastic" title="Biodegradable plastic">Biodegradable plastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BoPET" title="BoPET">BoPET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bubble_wrap" title="Bubble wrap">Bubble wrap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bung" class="mw-redirect" title="Bung">Bung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cellophane" title="Cellophane">Cellophane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closure_(container)" title="Closure (container)">Closure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coated_paper" title="Coated paper">Coated paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coating" title="Coating">Coating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coextrusion#Coextrusion" class="mw-redirect" title="Coextrusion">Coextrusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Container_glass" title="Container glass">Container glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corrugated_fiberboard" title="Corrugated fiberboard">Corrugated fiberboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corrugated_plastic" title="Corrugated plastic">Corrugated plastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cushioning" class="mw-redirect" title="Cushioning">Cushioning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desiccant" title="Desiccant">Desiccant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_seam" title="Double seam">Double seam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flip-top" title="Flip-top">Flip-top</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foam_peanut" title="Foam peanut">Foam peanut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gel_pack" class="mw-redirect" title="Gel pack">Gel pack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot-melt_adhesive" title="Hot-melt adhesive">Hot-melt adhesive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humidity_indicator_card" title="Humidity indicator card">Humidity indicator card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kraft_paper" title="Kraft paper">Kraft paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Label" title="Label">Label</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lid" title="Lid">Lid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_low-density_polyethylene" title="Linear low-density polyethylene">Linear low-density polyethylene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid_packaging_board" title="Liquid packaging board">Liquid packaging board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Living_hinge" title="Living hinge">Living hinge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low-density_polyethylene" title="Low-density polyethylene">Low-density polyethylene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat_absorbent_pad" title="Meat absorbent pad">Meat absorbent pad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metallised_film" title="Metallised film">Metallised film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modified_atmosphere" title="Modified atmosphere">Modified atmosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molded_pulp" title="Molded pulp">Molded pulp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonwoven_fabric" title="Nonwoven fabric">Nonwoven fabric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overwrap" title="Overwrap">Overwrap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxygen_scavenger" title="Oxygen scavenger">Oxygen scavenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Package_handle" title="Package handle">Package handle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packaging_gas" title="Packaging gas">Packaging gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallet" title="Pallet">Pallet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper" title="Paper">Paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_pallet" title="Paper pallet">Paper pallet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paperboard" title="Paperboard">Paperboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic-coated_paper" class="mw-redirect" title="Plastic-coated paper">Plastic-coated paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_film" title="Plastic film">Plastic film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_pallet" class="mw-redirect" title="Plastic pallet">Plastic pallet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_wrap" title="Plastic wrap">Plastic wrap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyester" title="Polyester">Polyester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyethylene" title="Polyethylene">Polyethylene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polypropylene" title="Polypropylene">Polypropylene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pressure-sensitive_tape" title="Pressure-sensitive tape">Pressure-sensitive tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pump_dispenser" title="Pump dispenser">Pump dispenser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screw_cap" title="Screw cap">Screw cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screw_cap_(wine)" title="Screw cap (wine)">Screw cap (wine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_printing" title="Security printing">Security printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_tape" title="Security tape">Security tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shock_detector" title="Shock detector">Shock detector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shock_and_vibration_data_logger" title="Shock and vibration data logger">Shock and vibration data logger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrink_wrap" title="Shrink wrap">Shrink wrap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slip_sheet" title="Slip sheet">Slip sheet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staple_(fastener)" title="Staple (fastener)">Staple (fastener)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strapping" title="Strapping">Strapping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stretch_wrap" title="Stretch wrap">Stretch wrap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susceptor" title="Susceptor">Susceptor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamper-evident_band" title="Tamper-evident band">Tamper-evident band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tear_tape" title="Tear tape">Tear tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temperature_data_logger" title="Temperature data logger">Temperature data logger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_temperature_indicator" title="Time temperature indicator">Time temperature indicator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinning" title="Tinning">Tinplate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velostat" title="Velostat">Velostat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Processes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aseptic_processing" title="Aseptic processing">Aseptic processing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Authentication" title="Authentication">Authentication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_identification_and_data_capture" title="Automatic identification and data capture">Automatic identification and data capture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blow_fill_seal" title="Blow fill seal">Blow fill seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blow_molding" title="Blow molding">Blow molding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calender" title="Calender">Calendering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canning" title="Canning">Canning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coating" title="Coating">Coating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Containerization" title="Containerization">Containerization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Converting" class="mw-redirect" title="Converting">Converting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corona_treatment" title="Corona treatment">Corona treatment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtain_coating" title="Curtain coating">Curtain coating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Die_cutting_(web)" title="Die cutting (web)">Die cutting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Die_forming_(plastics)" title="Die forming (plastics)">Die forming (plastics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_article_surveillance" title="Electronic article surveillance">Electronic article surveillance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extrusion" title="Extrusion">Extrusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extrusion_coating" title="Extrusion coating">Extrusion coating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flame_treatment" title="Flame treatment">Flame treatment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_production" title="Glass production">Glass production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphic_design" title="Graphic design">Graphic design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazard_analysis_and_critical_control_points" title="Hazard analysis and critical control points">Hazard analysis and critical control points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermetic_seal" title="Hermetic seal">Hermetic seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Induction_sealing" title="Induction sealing">Induction sealing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Injection_moulding" title="Injection moulding">Injection moulding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamination" title="Lamination">Lamination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser_cutting" title="Laser cutting">Laser cutting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molding_(process)" title="Molding (process)">Molding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Package_tracking" title="Package tracking">Package tracking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papermaking" title="Papermaking">Papermaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_extrusion" title="Plastic extrusion">Plastic extrusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_welding" title="Plastic welding">Plastic welding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Printing" title="Printing">Printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Product_development" class="mw-redirect" title="Product development">Product development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_control" title="Production control">Production control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quality_assurance" title="Quality assurance">Quality assurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio-frequency_identification" title="Radio-frequency identification">Radio-frequency identification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roll_slitting" title="Roll slitting">Roll slitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shearing_(manufacturing)" title="Shearing (manufacturing)">Shearing (manufacturing)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermoforming" title="Thermoforming">Thermoforming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Track_and_trace" title="Track and trace">Track and trace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultrasonic_welding" title="Ultrasonic welding">Ultrasonic welding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vacuum_forming" title="Vacuum forming">Vacuum forming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vacuum_packing" title="Vacuum packing">Vacuum packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verification_and_validation" title="Verification and validation">Verification and validation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Machinery</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barcode_printer" title="Barcode printer">Barcode printer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barcode_reader" title="Barcode reader">Barcode reader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bottling_line" title="Bottling line">Bottling line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calender" title="Calender">Calender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Can_seamer" title="Can seamer">Can seamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cap_torque_tester" title="Cap torque tester">Cap torque tester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartoning_machine" title="Cartoning machine">Cartoning machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_sealer" title="Case sealer">Case sealer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Check_weigher" title="Check weigher">Check weigher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conveyor_system" title="Conveyor system">Conveyor system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drum_pump" title="Drum pump">Drum pump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extended_core_stretch_wrapper" title="Extended core stretch wrapper">Extended core stretch wrapper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filler_(packaging)" title="Filler (packaging)">Filler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heat_gun" title="Heat gun">Heat gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heat_sealer" title="Heat sealer">Heat sealer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_robot" title="Industrial robot">Industrial robot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Injection_molding_machine" title="Injection molding machine">Injection molding machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Label_printer_applicator" title="Label printer applicator">Label printer applicator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lineshaft_roller_conveyor" title="Lineshaft roller conveyor">Lineshaft roller conveyor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logistics_automation" title="Logistics automation">Logistics automation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Material-handling_equipment" title="Material-handling equipment">Material-handling equipment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechanical_brake_stretch_wrapper" title="Mechanical brake stretch wrapper">Mechanical brake stretch wrapper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multihead_weigher" title="Multihead weigher">Multihead weigher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbital_stretch_wrapper" title="Orbital stretch wrapper">Orbital stretch wrapper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packaging_machinery" title="Packaging machinery">Packaging machinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallet_inverter" title="Pallet inverter">Pallet inverter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palletizer" title="Palletizer">Palletizer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotary_wheel_blow_molding_systems" title="Rotary wheel blow molding systems">Rotary wheel blow molding systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seed-counting_machine" title="Seed-counting machine">Seed-counting machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrink_tunnel" title="Shrink tunnel">Shrink tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staple_gun" title="Staple gun">Staple gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tape_dispenser" title="Tape dispenser">Tape dispenser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turntable_stretch_wrapper" title="Turntable stretch wrapper">Turntable stretch wrapper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertical_form_fill_sealing_machine" title="Vertical form fill sealing machine">Vertical form fill sealing machine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Environment,<br />post-use</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biodegradation" title="Biodegradation">Biodegradation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Can_collecting" title="Can collecting">Can collecting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closed-loop_box_reuse" title="Closed-loop box reuse">Closed-loop box reuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_engineering" title="Environmental engineering">Environmental engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_recycling" title="Glass recycling">Glass recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_ecology" title="Industrial ecology">Industrial ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life-cycle_assessment" title="Life-cycle assessment">Life-cycle assessment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litter" title="Litter">Litter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packaging_waste" title="Packaging waste">Packaging waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_recycling" title="Paper recycling">Paper recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PET_bottle_recycling" title="PET bottle recycling">PET bottle recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_recycling" title="Plastic recycling">Plastic recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recycling" title="Recycling">Recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reusable_packaging" title="Reusable packaging">Reusable packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverse_logistics" title="Reverse logistics">Reverse logistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Source_reduction" title="Source reduction">Source reduction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_packaging" title="Sustainable packaging">Sustainable packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management" title="Waste management">Waste management</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" 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