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ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-2 ns-subject page-User_Chuck_Entz rootpage-User_Chuck_Entz skin-vector action-view"><div id="mw-page-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="mw-head-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main"> <a id="top"></a> <div id="siteNotice"></div> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">User</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Chuck Entz</span></h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wiktionary, the free dictionary</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr 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.babel-code{color:#000000}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .babel-box .babel-code a{color:#3366EE}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .babel-box.babel-0{border-color:#666600}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .babel-box.babel-0 .babel-content{background-color:#45212B}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .babel-box.babel-0 .babel-code{color:#000000}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .babel-box.babel-1{border-color:#C0C8FF}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .babel-box.babel-1 .babel-content{background-color:#1F2C38}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .babel-box.babel-1 .babel-code{color:#000000}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .babel-box.babel-2{border-color:#77E0E8}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .babel-box.babel-2 .babel-content{background-color:#193439}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .babel-box.babel-2 .babel-code{color:#000000}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .babel-box.babel-3{border-color:#99B3FF}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .babel-box.babel-3 .babel-content{background-color:#131D3A}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .babel-box.babel-3 .babel-code{color:#000000}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .babel-box.babel-4{border-color:#666600}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .babel-box.babel-4 .babel-content{background-color:#222200}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .babel-box.babel-4 .babel-code{color:#000000}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .babel-box.babel-N{border-color:#6EF7A7}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .babel-box.babel-N .babel-content{background-color:#153222}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .babel-box.babel-N .babel-code{color:#000000}}</style><div class="babel-box babel-N"> <table class="babel-content"> <tbody><tr> <td class="babel-code" style="font-size:14pt"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639:en" class="extiw" title="w:ISO 639:en">en</a></b> </td> <td class="babel-text" style=""><span class="Latn" lang="en">This user is a <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_en-N" title="Category:User en-N">native</a></b> speaker of <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_en" title="Category:User en">English</a></b>.</span> </td></tr></tbody></table></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81597350"><div class="babel-box babel-1"> <table class="babel-content"> <tbody><tr> <td class="babel-code" style="font-size:14pt"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639:de" class="extiw" title="w:ISO 639:de">de</a>-1</b> </td> <td class="babel-text" style=""><span class="Latn" lang="de">Dieser Benutzer hat <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_de-1" title="Category:User de-1">grundlegende</a> <a href="/wiki/Category:User_de" title="Category:User de">Deutschkenntnisse</a></b>.</span> </td></tr></tbody></table></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81597350"><div class="babel-box babel-1"> <table class="babel-content"> <tbody><tr> <td class="babel-code" style="font-size:14pt"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639:es" class="extiw" title="w:ISO 639:es">es</a>-1</b> </td> <td class="babel-text" style=""><span class="Latn" lang="es">Este usuario puede contribuir con un nivel <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_es-1" title="Category:User es-1">básico</a></b> de <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_es" title="Category:User es">español</a></b>.</span> </td></tr></tbody></table></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81597350"><div class="babel-box babel-1"> <table class="babel-content"> <tbody><tr> <td class="babel-code" style="font-size:14pt"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639:fr" class="extiw" title="w:ISO 639:fr">fr</a>-1</b> </td> <td class="babel-text" style=""><span class="Latn" lang="fr">Cet utilisateur peut contribuer avec un niveau <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_fr-1" title="Category:User fr-1">élémentaire</a></b> de <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_fr" title="Category:User fr">français</a></b>.</span> </td></tr></tbody></table></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81597350"><div class="babel-box babel-1"> <table class="babel-content"> <tbody><tr> <td class="babel-code" style="font-size:14pt"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639:la" class="extiw" title="w:ISO 639:la">la</a>-1</b> </td> <td class="babel-text" style=""><span class="Latn" lang="la">Hic usuarius <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_la-1" title="Category:User la-1">simplici</a></b> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_la" title="Category:User la">lingua latina</a></b> conferre potest.</span> </td></tr></tbody></table></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81597350"><div class="babel-box babel-1"> <table class="babel-content"> <tbody><tr> <td class="babel-code" style="font-size:14pt"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639:grc" class="extiw" title="w:ISO 639:grc">grc</a>-1</b> </td> <td class="babel-text" style=""><span class="Polyt" lang="grc">Ὅδε ἐγκυκλοπαιδειουργὸς <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_grc-1" title="Category:User grc-1">ὀλίγον</a></b> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_grc" title="Category:User grc">ἀρχαίως Ἑλληνιστὶ</a></b> γράφειν οἷός τ’ ἐστίν.</span> </td></tr></tbody></table></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81597350"><div class="babel-box babel-N"> <table class="babel-content"> <tbody><tr> <td class="babel-code" style="font-size:9pt;line-height:100%"><span style="font-size:14pt;line-height:130%"><span class="Latn" lang="mul">A</span></span><br /> <b>Latn</b> </td> <td class="babel-text">This user's <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_Latn-N" title="Category:User Latn-N">native script</a></b> is <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_Latn" title="Category:User Latn">the Latin alphabet</a></b>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81597350"><div class="babel-box babel-2"> <table class="babel-content"> <tbody><tr> <td class="babel-code" style="font-size:9pt;line-height:100%"><span style="font-size:14pt;line-height:130%"><span class="Grek" lang="mul">Ω</span></span><br /><b>Grek-2</b> </td> <td class="babel-text">This user has an <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_Grek-2" title="Category:User Grek-2">intermediate</a></b> understanding of <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_Grek" title="Category:User Grek">the Greek alphabet</a></b>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81597350"><div class="babel-box babel-1"> <table class="babel-content"> <tbody><tr> <td class="babel-code" style="font-size:9pt;line-height:100%"><span style="font-size:14pt;line-height:130%"><span class="Hebr" lang="mul">ש</span></span><br /><b>Hebr-1</b> </td> <td class="babel-text">This user has a <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_Hebr-1" title="Category:User Hebr-1">basic</a></b> understanding of <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_Hebr" title="Category:User Hebr">the Hebrew script</a></b>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81597350"><div class="babel-box babel-1"> <table class="babel-content"> <tbody><tr> <td class="babel-code" style="font-size:9pt;line-height:100%"><span style="font-size:14pt;line-height:130%"><span class="Cyrl" lang="mul">Я</span></span><br /><b>Cyrl-1</b> </td> <td class="babel-text">This user has a <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_Cyrl-1" title="Category:User Cyrl-1">basic</a></b> understanding of <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_Cyrl" title="Category:User Cyrl">the Cyrillic alphabet</a></b>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81597350"><div class="babel-box babel-1"> <table class="babel-content"> <tbody><tr> <td class="babel-code" style="font-size:9pt;line-height:100%"><span style="font-size:14pt;line-height:130%"><span class="IPA">/ʑ/</span></span><br /><b>IPA-1</b> </td> <td class="babel-text">This user has a <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_IPA-1" title="Category:User IPA-1">basic</a></b> understanding of <b><a href="/wiki/Category:User_IPA" title="Category:User IPA">the International Phonetic Alphabet</a></b>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81597350"><div class="babel-box babel-2"> <table class="babel-content"> <tbody><tr> <td class="babel-code" style="font-size:11pt"><b>{{t}}-2</b> </td> <td class="babel-text">This user can use <b><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Templates" title="Wiktionary:Templates">wiki templates</a></b> with ease, and can write some simple ones. </td></tr></tbody></table></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81597350"><div class="babel-box babel-0"> <table class="babel-content"> <tbody><tr> <td class="babel-code" style="font-size:11pt"><b>lua-0</b> </td> <td class="babel-text">This user knows little about <b><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Scribunto" title="Wiktionary:Scribunto">Lua</a></b> and just mimics existing usage. </td></tr></tbody></table></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81597350"><div class="babel-box babel-0"> <table class="babel-content"> <tbody><tr> <td class="babel-code" style="font-size:11pt"><b>JS-0</b> </td> <td class="babel-text">This user knows little about <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScript" class="extiw" title="w:JavaScript">JavaScript</a></b> and just mimics existing usage. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color: inherit; text-align: center;" colspan="10">Search <a href="/wiki/Category:User_languages" title="Category:User languages">user languages</a> or <a href="/wiki/Category:User_scripts" title="Category:User scripts">scripts</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="float: right; margin: 0 0 0.5em 1em; width: 248px; border: var(--border-color-base,#aaa) solid 1px; clear: right;"> <table cellspacing="0" style="width:248px;background:var(--background-color-base,#fff);"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:45px;height:45px;background:var(--wikt-palette-lightgrey,#ccc);text-align:center;font-size:14pt;text-wrap:none;white-space:nowrap;"><b>UTC-8</b> </td> <td style="font-size:8pt;padding:4pt;line-height:1.25em;">This user's time zone is <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC-8" class="extiw" title="w:UTC-8">UTC-8</a></b> and observes Daylight Saving Time. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>I'm an <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:ADMIN" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:ADMIN">admin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:B" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:B">bureaucrat</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Checkuser" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:Checkuser">checkuser</a> here. I see my role as helping out with administrative tasks and moderating disputes so the real experts can concentrate on improving the dictionary. </p><p>I received an undergraduate degree in Linguistics from UCLA many years ago. My main focus was <a href="/wiki/historical_linguistics" title="historical linguistics">historical linguistics</a>. </p><p>I'm also interested in plants and animals and their relation to culture (<a href="/wiki/ethnobiology" title="ethnobiology">ethnobiology</a>, <a href="/wiki/ethnozoology" title="ethnozoology">ethnozoology</a> and <a href="/wiki/ethnobotany" title="ethnobotany">ethnobotany</a> — but not in the sense employed by drug users). At one time I was considering becoming a botanist, so I have some training in that field. </p><p>My special interest is plant and animal names and their history. </p><p>I've taken classes in: </p> <ul><li>American Indian Languages (we learned a little <a href="/wiki/Lakhota" title="Lakhota">Lakhota</a> in class). The languages I've studied on my own are mostly <a href="/wiki/Uto-Aztecan" title="Uto-Aztecan">Uto-Aztecan</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takic_languages" class="extiw" title="w:Takic languages">Takic</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numic_languages" class="extiw" title="w:Numic languages">Numic</a> predominantly)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian" title="Armenian">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese" title="Chinese">Chinese</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mandarin" title="Mandarin">Mandarin</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/French" title="French">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German" title="German">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian" title="Russian">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish" title="Spanish">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-European" title="Indo-European">Indo-European</a> linguistics. I only had the chance to take the first part, which was mostly phonology and sound changes, not the second, which would have covered comparative morphology and grammar</li> <li><a href="/wiki/classical" title="classical">Classical</a> linguistics: mostly about how to derive etymologies of Greek and Latin words. A year of Latin or Greek was a prerequisite, but my self-taught competence in both was more than enough.</li></ul> <p>On my own I've concentrated on <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>, ancient <a href="/wiki/Greek" title="Greek">Greek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hebrew" title="Hebrew">Hebrew</a> and <a href="/wiki/Old_English" title="Old English">Old English</a>, but I've tried to learn enough in a great many languages to find words in dictionaries. I've also tried to teach myself most of the major writing systems, though there are quite a few in Africa, India and Southeast Asia that I have yet to study. </p><p>As far as historical linguistics, I'm basically familiar with the sound correspondences between most of the branches of the Indo-European language family, and have some knowledge of those in the <a href="/wiki/Semitic" title="Semitic">Semitic</a> branch of <a href="/wiki/Afro-Asiatic" title="Afro-Asiatic">Afro-Asiatic</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Polynesian" title="Polynesian">Polynesian</a> section of <a href="/wiki/Austronesian" title="Austronesian">Austronesian</a> and among the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takic_languages" class="extiw" title="w:Takic languages">Takic</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numic_languages" class="extiw" title="w:Numic languages">Numic</a> sections of <a href="/wiki/Uto-Aztecan" title="Uto-Aztecan">Uto-Aztecan</a>. </p><p>In short, I'm not fluent or expert in any one language or subject, but I see lots of connections others might miss. </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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