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id="toc-Build_materials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Build_materials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Build materials </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Build_materials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liner_materials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liner_materials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Liner materials </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liner_materials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Control_and_monitoring_panels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Control_and_monitoring_panels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Control and monitoring panels </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Control_and_monitoring_panels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ducted_fume_hoods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ducted_fume_hoods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Ducted fume hoods </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ducted_fume_hoods-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Ducted fume hoods subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Ducted_fume_hoods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Auxiliary_air" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Auxiliary_air"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Auxiliary air </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Auxiliary_air-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Constant_air_volume_(CAV)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Constant_air_volume_(CAV)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Constant air volume (CAV) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Constant_air_volume_(CAV)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Non-bypass_CAV" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-bypass_CAV"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.1 Non-bypass CAV </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-bypass_CAV-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bypass_CAV" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bypass_CAV"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.2 Bypass CAV </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bypass_CAV-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Low-flow/high-performance_bypass_CAV" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Low-flow/high-performance_bypass_CAV"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.2.1 Low-flow/high-performance bypass CAV </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Low-flow/high-performance_bypass_CAV-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variable_air_volume_(VAV)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variable_air_volume_(VAV)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Variable air volume (VAV) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variable_air_volume_(VAV)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canopy_fume_hoods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canopy_fume_hoods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Canopy fume hoods </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canopy_fume_hoods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ductless_fume_hoods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ductless_fume_hoods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Ductless fume hoods </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ductless_fume_hoods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specialty_designs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specialty_designs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Specialty designs </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Specialty_designs-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Specialty designs subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Specialty_designs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Downflow" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Downflow"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Downflow </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Downflow-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Water-wash" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Water-wash"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Water-wash </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Water-wash-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radioisotope" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radioisotope"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Radioisotope </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radioisotope-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scrubber" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scrubber"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Scrubber </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scrubber-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Floor-mounted" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Floor-mounted"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Floor-mounted </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Floor-mounted-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Energy_consumption" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energy_consumption"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Energy consumption </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Energy_consumption-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Energy consumption subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Energy_consumption-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hibernation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hibernation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Hibernation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hibernation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Use_of_sensors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use_of_sensors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Use of sensors </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Use_of_sensors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Construction_and_installation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Construction_and_installation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Construction and installation </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Construction_and_installation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Construction and installation subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Construction_and_installation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Maintenance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maintenance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Maintenance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maintenance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Fume hood</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" > 28 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="كمة الدخان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كمة الدخان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Химическо работно място – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Химическо работно място" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stinkskab" title="Stinkskab – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Stinkskab" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abzug_(Labor)" title="Abzug (Labor) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Abzug (Labor)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campana_de_gases" title="Campana de gases – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Campana de gases" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF_(%D8%AA%D9%87%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%87)" title="هود (تهویه) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هود (تهویه)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotte_(laboratoire)" title="Hotte (laboratoire) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hotte (laboratoire)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%93%B8_%ED%9B%84%EB%93%9C" title="퓸 후드 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="퓸 후드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digestor" title="Digestor – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Digestor" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sungkup_asap" title="Sungkup asap – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sungkup asap" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cappa_aspirante_(laboratorio)" title="Cappa aspirante (laboratorio) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cappa aspirante (laboratorio)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%A3_%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99" title="מנדף כימי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מנדף כימי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%80%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%88_%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Сорғыш шкаф – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сорғыш шкаф" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traukos_spinta" title="Traukos spinta – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Traukos spinta" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serombong_wasap" title="Serombong wasap – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Serombong wasap" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuurkast" title="Zuurkast – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zuurkast" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%83%A9%E3%83%95%E3%83%88%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC" title="ドラフトチャンバー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ドラフトチャンバー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avtrekkskap" title="Avtrekkskap – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Avtrekkskap" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dygestorium" title="Dygestorium – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dygestorium" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capela_de_laborat%C3%B3rio" title="Capela de laboratório – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Capela de laboratório" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Вытяжной шкаф – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вытяжной шкаф" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fume_hood" title="Fume hood – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Fume hood" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Дигестор – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Дигестор" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vetokaappi" title="Vetokaappi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vetokaappi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dragsk%C3%A5p" title="Dragskåp – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Dragskåp" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87eker_ocak" title="Çeker ocak – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Çeker ocak" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Витяжна шафа – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Витяжна шафа" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E9%A3%8E%E6%9F%9C" title="通风柜 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="通风柜" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a 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Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Type of local ventilation device</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the domestic kitchen device, see <a href="/wiki/Kitchen_hood" title="Kitchen hood">Kitchen hood</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Fume hood</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Fume_hood.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Fume_hood.jpg/220px-Fume_hood.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Fume_hood.jpg/330px-Fume_hood.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Fume_hood.jpg/440px-Fume_hood.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">A common modern ducted fume hood</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Hood</li><li>Fume cupboard</li><li>Fume closet</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Uses</th><td class="infobox-data">Fume removal; Blast or flame shield</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Related items</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Laminar_flow_cabinet" title="Laminar flow cabinet">Laminar flow cabinet</a> <a href="/wiki/Biosafety_cabinet" title="Biosafety cabinet">Biosafety cabinet</a></td></tr></tbody></table> A fume hood (sometimes called a fume cupboard or fume closet) is a type of local exhaust <a href="/wiki/Ventilation_(architecture)" title="Ventilation (architecture)">ventilation</a> device that is designed to prevent users from being exposed to hazardous fumes, <a href="/wiki/Vapor" title="Vapor">vapors</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dust" title="Dust">dusts</a>. The device is an enclosure with a movable <a href="/wiki/Sash_window" title="Sash window">sash window</a> on one side that traps and exhausts gases and particulates either out of the area (through a <a href="/wiki/Duct_(industrial_exhaust)" title="Duct (industrial exhaust)">duct</a>) or back into the room (through <a href="/wiki/Air_filter" title="Air filter">air filtration</a>), and is most frequently used in <a href="/wiki/Laboratory" title="Laboratory">laboratory</a> settings. The first fume hoods, constructed from wood and glass, were developed in the early 1900s as a measure to protect individuals from harmful gaseous reaction <a href="/wiki/By-product" title="By-product">by-products</a>. Later developments in the 1970s and 80s allowed for the construction of more efficient devices out of <a href="/wiki/Powder_coating" title="Powder coating">epoxy powder-coated steel</a> and flame-retardant <a href="/wiki/Plastic_laminate" class="mw-redirect" title="Plastic laminate">plastic laminates</a>. Contemporary fume hoods are built to various standards to meet the needs of different laboratory practices. They may be built to different sizes, with some demonstration models small enough to be moved between locations on an island and bigger "walk-in" designs that can enclose large equipment. They may also be constructed to allow for the safe handling and ventilation of <a href="/wiki/Perchloric_acid" title="Perchloric acid">perchloric acid</a> and <a href="/wiki/Radionuclide" title="Radionuclide">radionuclides</a> and may be equipped with <a href="/wiki/Scrubber" title="Scrubber">scrubber</a> systems. Fume hoods of all types require regular maintenance to ensure the safety of users. Most fume hoods are ducted and vent air out of the room they are built in, which constantly removes <a href="/wiki/Air_conditioning" title="Air conditioning">conditioned air</a> from a room and thus results in major energy costs for laboratories and academic institutions. Efforts to curtail the energy use associated with fume hoods have been researched since the early 2000s, resulting in technical advances, such as variable air volume, high-performance and <a href="/wiki/Occupancy_sensor" title="Occupancy sensor">occupancy sensor</a>-enabled fume hoods, as well as the promulgation of "Shut the Sash" campaigns that promote closing the window on fume hoods that are not in use to reduce the volume of air drawn from a room. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wooden_fume_hood_Gdansk_University_of_Technology.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Wooden_fume_hood_Gdansk_University_of_Technology.jpg/220px-Wooden_fume_hood_Gdansk_University_of_Technology.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Wooden_fume_hood_Gdansk_University_of_Technology.jpg/330px-Wooden_fume_hood_Gdansk_University_of_Technology.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Wooden_fume_hood_Gdansk_University_of_Technology.jpg/440px-Wooden_fume_hood_Gdansk_University_of_Technology.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="5184" /></a><figcaption>Wooden fume hood at Gdansk University of Technology (2016 picture of 1904 installation still in use)</figcaption></figure> The need for ventilation has been apparent from early days of chemical research and education. Some early approaches to the problem were adaptations of the conventional <a href="/wiki/Chimney" title="Chimney">chimney</a>.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> A hearth constructed by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a> in 1822–1826 at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia" title="University of Virginia">University of Virginia</a> was equipped with a <a href="/wiki/Sand_bath" title="Sand bath">sand bath</a> and special flues to vent toxic gases.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> The draft of a chimney was also used by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Edison" title="Thomas Edison">Thomas Edison</a> to provide ventilation in his work around the year 1900.<a href="#cite_note-Evolution-3">[3]</a> In 1904 the newly built <a href="/wiki/Faculty_of_Chemistry,_Gda%C5%84sk_University_of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology">Chemical Faculty</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk_University_of_Technology" title="Gdańsk University of Technology">Technical University in Gdańsk</a> was equipped with fume hoods made of wood and glass in auditoria, several lecture rooms, student laboratories and rooms for scientists. Sliding up and down front panel with glass protected from fumes and explosions. Each fume hood was illuminated, equipped with gas installation for heating and running water with a drain. Harmful and corrosive gaseous byproducts of reactions were actively removed using the natural draft of a fireplace chimney. This early design is still functioning after over 110 years.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> The first known modern "fume cupboard" design with rising sashes was introduced at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Leeds" title="University of Leeds">University of Leeds</a> in 1923.<a href="#cite_note-Evolution-3">[3]</a> 13 years later, Labconco, now a prominent fume hood manufacturer, developed the first fume hood for commercial sale, reminiscent of modern designs with a front-facing sash window. Soon after, in 1943 during World War II, John Weber, Jr. developed a fume hood concept with a dedicated exhaust fan, vertically rising sash window, and constant face velocity in response to concerns about exposure to toxic and radioactive substances. This design would become standard among atomic laboratories at the time,<a href="#cite_note-Evolution-3">[3]</a> and many aspects of his concept are incorporated in modern fume hood designs.<a href="#cite_note-:17-5">[5]</a> The first mass-produced fume hoods were variously manufactured from stone and glass,<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> most likely <a href="/wiki/Soapstone" title="Soapstone">soapstone</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> or <a href="/wiki/Transite" title="Transite">transite</a>,<a href="#cite_note-:3-8">[8]</a>: 153  though stainless steel was being used by at least the 1960s.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> Labconco introduced the concept of a fume hood lined with fiberglass to improve durability and chemical resistance,<a href="#cite_note-Evolution-3">[3]</a> though from the 1990s onward, epoxy <a href="/wiki/Powder_coating" title="Powder coating">powder-coated steel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polytetrafluoroethylene" title="Polytetrafluoroethylene">teflon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Polypropylene" title="Polypropylene">polypropylene</a> coatings<a href="#cite_note-:3-8">[8]</a>: 169  were being recommended by literature for use in fume hood and exhaust construction.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-11">[11]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Description">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Fume_hood_-_dry_ice_fog.webm/220px--Fume_hood_-_dry_ice_fog.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="21" data-mwtitle="Fume_hood_-_dry_ice_fog.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Fume_hood_-_dry_ice_fog.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/Fume_hood_-_dry_ice_fog.webm/Fume_hood_-_dry_ice_fog.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/Fume_hood_-_dry_ice_fog.webm/Fume_hood_-_dry_ice_fog.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/Fume_hood_-_dry_ice_fog.webm/Fume_hood_-_dry_ice_fog.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Fume_hood_-_dry_ice_fog.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9"" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/Fume_hood_-_dry_ice_fog.webm/Fume_hood_-_dry_ice_fog.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/Fume_hood_-_dry_ice_fog.webm/Fume_hood_-_dry_ice_fog.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/Fume_hood_-_dry_ice_fog.webm/Fume_hood_-_dry_ice_fog.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/Fume_hood_-_dry_ice_fog.webm/Fume_hood_-_dry_ice_fog.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video><figcaption>Air flow in fume hood demonstrated by dry ice fog</figcaption></figure> A fume hood is typically a large piece of equipment enclosing six sides of a work area (including a movable sash window or door), the bottom of which is most commonly located at a standing work height (at least 28 to 34 inches (71 to 86 cm) above the floor).<a href="#cite_note-:0-11">[11]</a>: 20  Fume hoods are most often found in laboratories that require the use of materials that may produce harmful <a href="/wiki/Particulates" title="Particulates">particulates</a>, gaseous by-products, or <a href="/wiki/Aerosol" title="Aerosol">aerosols</a> of hazardous materials such as those found in <a href="/wiki/Biocontainment" title="Biocontainment">biocontainment</a> laboratories.<a href="#cite_note-:0-11">[11]</a> Two main types of fume hood exist: <a href="/wiki/Duct_(industrial_exhaust)" title="Duct (industrial exhaust)">Ducted</a> and recirculating (ductless). The principle is the same for both types: air is drawn in from the front (open) side of the cabinet, and either expelled outside the building or made safe through <a href="/wiki/Filtration" title="Filtration">filtration</a> and fed back into the room.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> This method of airflow control is intended to: <ul><li>protect the user from hazardous substances<a href="#cite_note-:0-11">[11]</a>: 6 </li> <li>protect the product or experiment<a href="#cite_note-:0-11">[11]</a>: 6 </li> <li>protect the environment (when the exhaust air is filtered or otherwise prevented from escaping the work area)<a href="#cite_note-:8-13">[13]</a>: 311–337 </li> <li>provide ventilation of the space<a href="#cite_note-:8-13">[13]</a>: 229 </li></ul> Secondary functions of these devices may include <a href="/wiki/Explosion_protection" title="Explosion protection">explosion protection</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spill_containment" title="Spill containment">spill containment</a>, and other functions necessary to the work being done within the device; these functions may be achieved through enclosure design, duct design, and optimal placement of the fume hood in a room.<a href="#cite_note-:1-14">[14]</a>: 5.3 <a href="#cite_note-:8-13">[13]</a>: 232–268  Fume hoods are generally set back against the walls and are often fitted with infills above, to cover up the exhaust ductwork. Because of their recessed shape they are generally poorly illuminated by general room lighting, so many have internal lights with vapor-proof covers.<a href="#cite_note-:2-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-grds-16">[16]</a>: 502  The front of the device includes a <a href="/wiki/Sash_window" title="Sash window">sash window</a>, usually in glass or otherwise transparent <a href="/wiki/Glazing_(window)" title="Glazing (window)">glazing</a>, which is able to slide vertically or horizontally.<a href="#cite_note-:1-14">[14]</a> Specialty enclosures for teaching may allow for additional visibility by constructing the sides and back of the unit from <a href="/wiki/Tempered_glass" title="Tempered glass">tempered glass</a>, intended so that several individuals can look into a fume hood at once, though they often have poorer ventilation capabilities.<a href="#cite_note-:11-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-11">[11]</a>: 9  Some demonstration models built for educational purposes are movable, can be transported between locations or are built on a movable island, and may be ductless;<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> they are often built with less demanding restrictions on chemical resistance,<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> but offer other advantages, such as lower energy costs.<a href="#cite_note-:11-17">[17]</a> Fume hoods are generally available in 5 different widths; 1000 mm, 1200 mm, 1500 mm, 1800 mm and 2000 mm.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> The depth varies between 700 mm and 900 mm, and the height between 1900 mm and 2700 mm. Regions that use primarily non-metric measurements often follow construction standards that round these dimensions to the closest value in <a href="/wiki/Inches" class="mw-redirect" title="Inches">inches</a> or <a href="/wiki/Foot_(unit)" title="Foot (unit)">feet</a>.<a href="#cite_note-grds-16">[16]</a>: 503  These designs can accommodate from one to three operators. All modern designs are required to be fitted with <a href="/wiki/Air_flow_meter" title="Air flow meter">air flow meters</a> to ensure that the hood is working properly while in use.<a href="#cite_note-egbert-21">[21]</a>: 233  <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OOLO4637_(3)_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="PROLAB GBII" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/OOLO4637_%283%29_%281%29.jpg/220px-OOLO4637_%283%29_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/OOLO4637_%283%29_%281%29.jpg/330px-OOLO4637_%283%29_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/OOLO4637_%283%29_%281%29.jpg/440px-OOLO4637_%283%29_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Glovebox" title="Glovebox">Glovebox</a> with inert gas purification system</figcaption></figure> For exceptionally <a href="/wiki/Dangerous_goods" title="Dangerous goods">hazardous materials</a>, an enclosed <a href="/wiki/Glovebox" title="Glovebox">glovebox</a> or class III <a href="/wiki/Biosafety_cabinet" title="Biosafety cabinet">biosafety cabinet</a><a href="#cite_note-:4-22">[22]</a> may be used, which completely isolates the operator from all direct physical contact with the work material and tools.<a href="#cite_note-:0-11">[11]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Build_materials">Build materials</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Build materials">edit</a>]</div> The frame and build materials used for a fume hood are selected based on anticipated chemical and environmental exposures over the life of the equipment.<a href="#cite_note-ldsn9200-23">[23]</a> Several common materials used for the exterior construction of a modern fume hood include: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_steel" title="Carbon steel">Mild steel</a>, powder coated: The traditional method of building fume cupboards is from a zinc coated mild steel. The cost is often low, but has corrosion issues over time and a high carbon footprint to manufacture. Powder coatings may be made from <a href="/wiki/Epoxy" title="Epoxy">epoxy</a> or other plastics, such as <a href="/wiki/Polyvinyl_chloride" title="Polyvinyl chloride">polyvinyl chloride</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ldsn9200-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-pharmprod-24">[24]</a>: 336 </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stainless_steel" title="Stainless steel">Stainless steel</a>: Typically used in radioactive applications, in <a href="/wiki/Cleanroom" title="Cleanroom">cleanrooms</a>, or in <a href="/wiki/ATEX_directive" class="mw-redirect" title="ATEX directive">ATEX</a> environments,<a href="#cite_note-:0-11">[11]</a> as the material is easy to decontaminate. Stainless steel is less common than other materials due to its chemical vulnerability and cost.<a href="#cite_note-:3-8">[8]</a>: 153 </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polypropylene" title="Polypropylene">Polypropylene</a>: A build material with greater chemical resistance than some contemporary materials. Also used in cleanrooms. Lower cost<a href="#cite_note-:3-8">[8]</a> than mild steel or stainless steel, but less heat resistant.<a href="#cite_note-:17-5">[5]</a></li></ul> Manufacturers variously construct sash windows out of <a href="/wiki/Safety_glass" title="Safety glass">safety glass</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tempered_glass" title="Tempered glass">tempered glass</a>, high impact <a href="/wiki/Polyvinyl_chloride" title="Polyvinyl chloride">polyvinyl chloride</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Plexiglass" class="mw-redirect" title="Plexiglass">plexiglass</a>. The most common configuration of a sash window is a type that slides vertically and is <a href="/wiki/Counterweight" title="Counterweight">counterbalanced</a> for ease of movement when using heavy glass. Setups that handle <a href="/wiki/Hydrofluoric_acid" title="Hydrofluoric acid">hydrofluoric acid</a> may use a window made of <a href="/wiki/Polycarbonate" title="Polycarbonate">polycarbonate</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:3-8">[8]</a>: 154  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liner_materials">Liner materials</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Liner materials">edit</a>]</div> The interior of a fume hood is often subject to damaging chemicals and elevated temperatures, and as such it is often lined with materials resistant to the chemicals and environment it is expected to be subject to. In most cases, only the working surface at the bottom of the enclosed space is made from a liner material, which is most frequently built from <a href="/wiki/Epoxy_resin" class="mw-redirect" title="Epoxy resin">epoxy resin</a> or stainless steel,<a href="#cite_note-ldsn9200-23">[23]</a> but a fume hood may be lined with any of the following materials:<a href="#cite_note-:0-11">[11]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phenolic_resin" class="mw-redirect" title="Phenolic resin">Phenolic resin</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiber-reinforced_plastic" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiber-reinforced plastic">Fiber-reinforced plastic</a>;</li> <li>Polypropylene;</li> <li>Square-corner <a href="/wiki/Stainless_steel" title="Stainless steel">stainless steel</a> for durability and heat resistance;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molding_(decorative)" title="Molding (decorative)">Coved-corner</a> stainless steel is easier to <a href="/wiki/Decontamination" title="Decontamination">decontaminate</a>, for <a href="/wiki/Radioactivity" class="mw-redirect" title="Radioactivity">radiochemical</a> and <a href="/wiki/Biohazard" class="mw-redirect" title="Biohazard">biohazard</a> applications; and</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cement_board" title="Cement board">Cement board</a> for rough usage.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Control_and_monitoring_panels">Control and monitoring panels</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Control and monitoring panels">edit</a>]</div> Most fume hoods are fitted with a <a href="/wiki/Mains_electricity" title="Mains electricity">mains</a>-powered control panel and/or <a href="/wiki/Air_flow_meter" title="Air flow meter">air flow-monitoring device</a>. Typically, they will allow for the manual or automatic adjustment of internal <a href="/wiki/Baffle_(heat_transfer)" title="Baffle (heat transfer)">baffles</a>, but are required by <a href="/wiki/American_National_Standards_Institute" title="American National Standards Institute">ANSI</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> and <a href="/wiki/European_Standard" title="European Standard">EN</a><a href="#cite_note-egbert-21">[21]</a>: 233 <a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> standards to provide visual and audible warnings in the following situations:<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a>: 7  <ul><li>Air flow is too high or low</li> <li>Too large an opening at the front of the unit (a "high sash" alarm is caused by the sliding glass at the front of the unit being raised higher than is considered safe, due to the resulting air velocity drop)</li></ul> Some control panels additionally allow for switching mechanisms inside the hood from a central point, such as turning the exhaust fan or an internal light on or off.<a href="#cite_note-:2-15">[15]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ducted_fume_hoods">Ducted fume hoods</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Ducted fume hoods">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BV03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ducted Fume Hood" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/BV03.jpg/220px-BV03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/BV03.jpg/330px-BV03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/BV03.jpg/440px-BV03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4912" data-file-height="7360" /></a><figcaption>A ducted fume hood</figcaption></figure> Most fume hoods for industrial purposes are ducted. A large variety of ducted fume hoods exist. In most designs, conditioned (i.e. heated or cooled) air is drawn from the lab space into the fume hood and then dispersed via ducts into the outside atmosphere.<a href="#cite_note-:17-5">[5]</a> To reduce lab ventilation energy costs, variable air volume (VAV) systems are employed, which reduce the volume of the air exhausted as the fume hood sash is closed. This product is often enhanced by an automatic sash closing device, which will close the fume hood sash when the user leaves the fume hood face.<a href="#cite_note-egbert-21">[21]</a>: 238  The result is that the hoods are operating at the minimum exhaust volume whenever no one is working in front of them.<a href="#cite_note-:15-29">[29]</a> Since the typical fume hood in US climates uses 3.5 times as much energy as a home,<a href="#cite_note-auto-30">[30]</a> the reduction or minimization of exhaust volume is strategic in reducing facility energy costs as well as minimizing the impact on the facility infrastructure and the environment. Particular attention must be paid to the exhaust discharge location, to reduce risks to public safety, and to avoid drawing exhaust air back into the building air supply system; exhaust requirements of fume hood systems may be regulated to prevent public and worker exposures.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Auxiliary_air">Auxiliary air</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Auxiliary air">edit</a>]</div> Fume hoods with an auxiliary air supply, which draw air from outside the building rather than drawing conditioned air from the room they are placed in, have been controversial and are often not recommended.<a href="#cite_note-:3-8">[8]</a>: 158  They have been considered as an option to save energy in some situations, as they do not draw out conditioned air from a room.<a href="#cite_note-:16-32">[32]</a> In addition to providing a non-conditioned environment inside the hood as compared to outside the hood, which may cause discomfort or irritation to workers,<a href="#cite_note-CRC-33">[33]</a>: 148  chemical hoods with an auxiliary air supply have been demonstrated to expose workers to materials within the hood at a significantly higher rate than conventional non-air supply hoods.<a href="#cite_note-:16-32">[32]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Constant_air_volume_(CAV)">Constant air volume (CAV)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Constant air volume (CAV)">edit</a>]</div> Constant air volume (CAV) fume hoods maintain a consistent volume of air within the hood, regardless of the position of the sash window. This results in changes in air velocity depending on the position of the sash;<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> the sash is adjusted to an appropriate working height to achieve adequate face velocity.<a href="#cite_note-fv-36">[a]</a><a href="#cite_note-:17-5">[5]</a> In a survey of 247 lab professionals conducted in 2010, Lab Manager Magazine found that approximately 43% of fume hoods are CAV fume hoods.<a href="#cite_note-Shopping-37">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Non-bypass_CAV">Non-bypass CAV</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Non-bypass CAV">edit</a>]</div> The most basic design of a CAV fume hood only has one opening through which air can pass—the sash opening.<a href="#cite_note-:17-5">[5]</a> Closing the sash on a non-bypass CAV hood will increase face velocity (inflow velocity or "pull"),<a href="#cite_note-fv-36">[a]</a> which is a function of the total volume divided by the area of the sash opening. Thus, the hood's performance (from a safety perspective) depends primarily on sash position, with safety increasing as the hood is drawn closed. This design is referred to as a "conventional" hood. Many conventional hoods specify a maximum height that the sash window can be open in order to maintain safe airflow levels.<a href="#cite_note-:5-38">[37]</a> A major drawback of conventional CAV hoods is that when the sash is closed, velocities can increase to the point where they disturb instrumentation, cool <a href="/wiki/Hot_plate" title="Hot plate">hot plates</a>, slow reactions, and/or create turbulence that can force contaminants into the room.<a href="#cite_note-:5-38">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-:17-5">[5]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bypass_CAV">Bypass CAV</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Bypass CAV">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fume_hood_bypass.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A white metal enclosure with a partially-opened glass sash at front" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Fume_hood_bypass.png/220px-Fume_hood_bypass.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Fume_hood_bypass.png/330px-Fume_hood_bypass.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Fume_hood_bypass.png/440px-Fume_hood_bypass.png 2x" data-file-width="865" data-file-height="525" /></a><figcaption>A bypass fume hood. The grille for the bypass chamber is visible at the top.</figcaption></figure> Bypass CAV hoods were developed to overcome the high velocity issues that affect conventional fume hoods.<a href="#cite_note-:5-38">[37]</a> These hood allows air to be pulled through a "bypass" opening from above as the sash closes. The bypass is located so that as the user closes the sash, the bypass opening gets larger; when the sash is fully closed, air flows only through the <a href="/wiki/Airfoil" title="Airfoil">airfoil</a> underneath the bottom of the sash window.<a href="#cite_note-:12-39">[38]</a>: 12  The air going through the hood maintains a constant volume no matter where the sash is positioned and without changing fan speeds. As a result, the energy consumed by CAV fume hoods (or rather, the energy consumed by the building HVAC system and the energy consumed by the hood's exhaust fan) remains constant, or near constant, regardless of sash position.<a href="#cite_note-:6-40">[39]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Low-flow/high-performance_bypass_CAV">Low-flow/high-performance bypass CAV</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Low-flow/high-performance bypass CAV">edit</a>]</div> High-performance or low-flow bypass CAV hoods are a modern type of bypass CAV hoods and typically display improved containment, safety, and <a href="/wiki/Energy_conservation" title="Energy conservation">energy conservation</a> features. These hoods include features such as sash stops on the window, automatic baffle control via sash position and airflow sensors, fans to create a barrier of air between the user and the enclosure, and improved aerodynamics to maintain laminar flow.<a href="#cite_note-:5-38">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-40">[39]</a> The design of these hoods is intended to allow the unit to meet <a href="/wiki/ASHRAE" title="ASHRAE">ASHRAE</a> standards while maintaining a lower face velocity and thus consuming less energy.<a href="#cite_note-:17-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-:4-22">[22]</a>: 320  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Variable_air_volume_(VAV)">Variable air volume (VAV)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Variable air volume (VAV)">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fume_hood_constant-velocity.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A white metal enclosure with a partially-opened glass sash at front" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Fume_hood_constant-velocity.png/220px-Fume_hood_constant-velocity.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Fume_hood_constant-velocity.png/330px-Fume_hood_constant-velocity.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Fume_hood_constant-velocity.png/440px-Fume_hood_constant-velocity.png 2x" data-file-width="863" data-file-height="524" /></a><figcaption>A variable airflow (constant-velocity) fume hood, with a visible flow sensor</figcaption></figure> VAV hoods, the newest generations of laboratory fume hoods, vary the volume of room air exhausted while maintaining the face velocity at a set level. Different VAV hoods change the exhaust volume using different methods, such as a damper or valve in the exhaust duct that opens and closes based on sash position, or a blower that changes speed to meet air-volume demands. Most VAV hoods integrate a modified bypass system to a conventional fume hood system to achieve a variable exhaust volume in proportion to the opening of the hood's face,<a href="#cite_note-:12-39">[38]</a>: 15  though a non-bypass design is also used to further decrease the overall volume of air required for operation.<a href="#cite_note-:17-5">[5]</a> VAV hoods can provide considerable energy savings by reducing the total volume of conditioned air exhausted from the laboratory. However, these savings are contingent on user behavior: the less the hoods are open (both in terms of height and in terms of time), the greater the energy savings. A laboratory that uses a VAV fume hood with a sash that is kept open only during working hours of the day would save a significant amount on energy costs compared to a laboratory using CAV hoods that are fully open 100% of the time, regardless of sash height.<a href="#cite_note-:15-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto1-41">[40]</a> In a survey of 247 lab professionals conducted in 2010, Lab Manager Magazine found that approximately 12% of fume hoods are VAV fume hoods.<a href="#cite_note-Shopping-37">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canopy_fume_hoods">Canopy fume hoods</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Canopy fume hoods">edit</a>]</div> Canopy fume hoods, also called exhaust canopies, are similar to the <a href="/wiki/Kitchen_hood" title="Kitchen hood">range hoods</a> found over stoves in commercial and some residential kitchens. They have only a canopy, no enclosure, and no sash, and are designed for venting non-toxic materials such as smoke, steam, heat, and odors that are naturally carried upward through <a href="/wiki/Convection" title="Convection">convection</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CRC-33">[33]</a>: 145  Chemical-resistant filtered canopy hoods are manufactured by select vendors,<a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a> but are not ideal for worker safety, as the fumes they draw in from equipment underneath pass through a worker's breathing zone.<a href="#cite_note-CRC-33">[33]</a>: 145  They are employed in some situations to provide exhaust for large equipment that would be inconvenient to store or manipulate inside a fume hood enclosure,<a href="#cite_note-esext-43">[42]</a> or generally in a lab bench area where processes that require additional ventilation are performed.<a href="#cite_note-Saunders-44">[43]</a>: 42–43  In a survey of 247 lab professionals conducted in 2010, Lab Manager Magazine found that approximately 13% of fume hoods are ducted canopy fume hoods.<a href="#cite_note-Shopping-37">[36]</a> Canopy fume hoods require the installation of additional ductwork compared to other ducted fume hoods, and often draw a great deal more temperature-controlled air from the surrounding environment than enclosed fume hoods,<a href="#cite_note-airpo-45">[44]</a>: 25  but are comparatively low maintenance.<a href="#cite_note-esext-43">[42]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ductless_fume_hoods">Ductless fume hoods</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Ductless fume hoods">edit</a>]</div> Ductless fume hoods, also known as recirculating<a href="#cite_note-grds-16">[16]</a>: 502  or self-contained hoods,<a href="#cite_note-:3-8">[8]</a>: 160  are units that do not extract air out of the building or work environment. Rather, air is sucked through the front opening of the hood and through a filter, before passing through the fan mounted on the top (soffit) of the hood or beneath the worktop and being fed back into the workplace.<a href="#cite_note-grds-16">[16]</a>: 502  With a ductless fume hood it is essential that the filter medium be able to remove the particular hazardous or noxious material being used. As different filters are required for different materials, recirculating fume hoods should only be used when the specific hazards are known and suited to the type of filter used,<a href="#cite_note-:12-39">[38]</a>: 26  and such filters have to be replaced regularly.<a href="#cite_note-:11-17">[17]</a> The materials used inside the hood must also have warning properties to indicate a failure of the filter to capture particulates or vapors, such as odor or taste.<a href="#cite_note-:12-39">[38]</a>: 26 The production of recirculating fume hoods was only made possible after the invention of the <a href="/wiki/HEPA" title="HEPA">HEPA</a> filter in the 1940s,<a href="#cite_note-Evolution-3">[3]</a> and while the units were initially considered inadequate at providing worker protection from vapors, their design and performance have been improved from the 1980s onward.<a href="#cite_note-Ventilation-46">[45]</a> Air filtration of ductless fume hoods is typically broken into two segments:<a href="#cite_note-Ventilation-46">[45]</a> <ul><li>Pre-filtration: This is the first stage of filtration, and consists of a physical barrier, typically open cell foam, which prevents large particles from passing through. Filters of this type are generally inexpensive, and last for approximately six months depending on usage.</li> <li>Main filtration: After pre-filtration, the fumes are sucked through a layer of <a href="/wiki/Activated_charcoal" class="mw-redirect" title="Activated charcoal">activated charcoal</a> which absorbs the majority of chemicals that pass through it. <a href="/wiki/Ammonia" title="Ammonia">Ammonia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carbon_monoxide" title="Carbon monoxide">carbon monoxide</a> will, however, pass through most carbon filters; these filters are more often designed to adsorb <a href="/wiki/Volatile_organic_compound" title="Volatile organic compound">volatile organic compounds</a>.<a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a> Additional specific filtration techniques can be added to combat chemicals that would otherwise be pumped back into the room.<a href="#cite_note-Guidelines-48">[47]</a>: 416–420 </li></ul> The advantages of using a ductless fume hood include their ease of implementation compared to ducted hoods, and the fact that conditioned air is not removed from the building. These factor alone provide measurable savings in energy usage.<a href="#cite_note-:11-17">[17]</a> The safety and effectiveness of ductless hoods, however, is markedly lower than ducted hoods in all but the most constrained conditions. Ductless fume hoods are not appropriate for research applications where the activity, and the materials used or generated, may change or be unknown. As a result of this and other drawbacks, some research organizations, including the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee,<a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a> Columbia University,<a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a> Princeton University,<a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a> the University of New Hampshire,<a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a> and the University of Colorado, Boulder<a href="#cite_note-53">[52]</a> either discourage or prohibit the use of ductless fume hoods. Additionally, while typically not classified as such, the manner in which <a href="/wiki/Biosafety_cabinet" title="Biosafety cabinet">biosafety cabinets</a> are operated when not connected to a duct system is functionally the same as a ductless fume hood,<a href="#cite_note-Guidelines-48">[47]</a>: 417  though the applications of biosafety cabinets, combined with the relative difficulty in connecting them to a building exhaust system compared to a fume hood, result in different safety considerations.<a href="#cite_note-54">[53]</a> In a survey of 247 lab professionals conducted in 2010, Lab Manager Magazine found that approximately 22% of fume hoods are ductless fume hoods.<a href="#cite_note-Shopping-37">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specialty_designs">Specialty designs</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Specialty designs">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Downflow">Downflow</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Downflow">edit</a>]</div> Downflow fume hoods, also called downflow workstations, are fume hoods designed to protect the user and the environment from hazardous vapors generated on the work surface. A downward air flow is generated and hazardous vapors are collected through slits in the work surface. Downflow fume hoods are encountered more frequently in applications involving <a href="/wiki/Powder" title="Powder">powders</a>,<a href="#cite_note-55">[54]</a> and are comparable to <a href="/wiki/Laminar_flow_cabinet" title="Laminar flow cabinet">laminar flow cabinets</a>. The laminar flow within these devices is easily disrupted, more so than traditional fume hoods, which can result in exposure to hazards within the hood.<a href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Water-wash">Water-wash</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Water-wash">edit</a>]</div> Fume hood units designed for procedures involving <a href="/wiki/Perchloric_acid" title="Perchloric acid">perchloric acid</a> feature a water-wash system in the ductwork and are often built from <a href="/wiki/Marine_grade_stainless" title="Marine grade stainless">marine grade stainless</a> steel or rigid <a href="/wiki/Polyvinyl_chloride" title="Polyvinyl chloride">polyvinyl chloride</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Saunders-44">[43]</a>: 36  Because dense perchloric acid fumes settle and form highly reactive <a href="/wiki/Perchlorate" title="Perchlorate">perchlorate</a> crystals, the internal baffles of the fume cupboard and ductwork must be cleaned internally with a series of sprayers,<a href="#cite_note-57">[56]</a> and all corners may be altered to be coved or rounded to further reduce the potential for buildup of crystals. A drain is integrated into the design for removal of wastewater solution.<a href="#cite_note-58">[57]</a> This design was first developed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Bureau_of_Mines" title="United States Bureau of Mines">United States Bureau of Mines</a> in 1964,<a href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a> and is sometimes referred to as an "acid digestion hood".<a href="#cite_note-60">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[60]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radioisotope">Radioisotope</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Radioisotope">edit</a>]</div> Fume hoods designed to handle <a href="/wiki/Radioactive_materials" class="mw-redirect" title="Radioactive materials">radioactive materials</a> are made with a coved stainless steel liner and coved integral stainless steel countertop<a href="#cite_note-Saunders-44">[43]</a>: 40  that may be lined with lead to protect from <a href="/wiki/Gamma_ray" title="Gamma ray">gamma rays</a>.<a href="#cite_note-egbert-21">[21]</a>: 230  Work with radioisotopes, regardless of hood design, is advised to be done over <a href="/wiki/Sorbent" title="Sorbent">sorbent</a> pads to prevent releases through spills.<a href="#cite_note-megsfty-62">[61]</a> Regulations may require that any exhausted material is filtered through a regularly-replaced <a href="/wiki/HEPA" title="HEPA">HEPA</a> or <a href="/wiki/Activated_carbon" title="Activated carbon">activated carbon</a> filter to avoid environmental release of radioisotopes.<a href="#cite_note-63">[62]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scrubber">Scrubber</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Scrubber">edit</a>]</div> Some fume hoods are equipped with <a href="/wiki/Scrubber" title="Scrubber">scrubber</a> systems designed to <a href="/wiki/Absorption_(chemistry)" title="Absorption (chemistry)">absorb</a> particularly hazardous chemical fumes before they are exhausted, whether for environmental or user safety concerns.<a href="#cite_note-egbert-21">[21]</a>: 230  The scrubber system is stocked with acid or base neutralizing salts to effectively remove the targeted chemical used in any planned procedures; this factor requires a higher level of maintenance than standard fume hoods,<a href="#cite_note-Saunders-44">[43]</a>: 47  and also produces hazardous <a href="/wiki/Wastewater" title="Wastewater">wastewater</a>.<a href="#cite_note-egbert-21">[21]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Floor-mounted">Floor-mounted</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Floor-mounted">edit</a>]</div> Also termed "walk-in" fume hoods, floor-mounted fume hoods have a working area that extends from the floor to the bottom of a connected exhaust duct for the use of tall equipment. Despite the name of "walk-in", entering a floor-mounted fume hood in operation while it contains hazardous materials poses a significant risk to the user;<a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a> they are only intended to be entered for the initial setup of equipment.<a href="#cite_note-Saunders-44">[43]</a>: 40  Floor-mounted hoods are often equipped with multiple sashes, as a single long sash would be abnormally long if positioned for vertical movement, and have swinging doors that allow access to the lower portion of the hood.<a href="#cite_note-:3-8">[8]</a>: 158–160  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Energy_consumption">Energy consumption</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Energy consumption">edit</a>]</div> Because fume hoods constantly remove large volumes of conditioned (heated or cooled) air from lab spaces, they are responsible for the consumption of large amounts of energy. Fume hoods are a major factor in making laboratories four to five times more energy intensive than typical commercial buildings,<a href="#cite_note-65">[64]</a> and these energy requirements are exacerbated in hot and humid climates.<a href="#cite_note-66">[65]</a> Energy costs for a typical hood can range from $4,600/year in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> to $9,300/year in <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> based on differences in cooling needs.<a href="#cite_note-auto-30">[30]</a> The bulk of the energy that fume hoods are responsible for is the energy needed to heat and/or cool air delivered to the lab space. Additional electricity is consumed by fans in the HVAC system and fans in the fume hood exhaust system.<a href="#cite_note-:6-40">[39]</a> A number of universities run or have run programs to encourage lab users to reduce fume hood energy consumption by keeping VAV sashes closed as much as possible. For example, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>'s Chemistry & Chemical Biology Department ran a "Shut the Sash" campaign, which resulted in a sustained ~30% reduction in fume hood exhaust rates. This translated into cost savings of approximately $180,000 per year, and a reduction in annual greenhouse gas emissions equivalent to 300 metric tons of carbon dioxide.<a href="#cite_note-67">[66]</a> Several other institutions report on programs to reduce energy consumption by fume hoods, including: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a><a href="#cite_note-auto1-41">[40]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_State_University" title="North Carolina State University">North Carolina State University</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[67]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_British_Columbia" title="University of British Columbia">University of British Columbia</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Davis" title="University of California, Davis">University of California, Davis</a><a href="#cite_note-auto2-72">[71]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Irvine" title="University of California, Irvine">University of California, Irvine</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[72]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles" title="University of California, Los Angeles">University of California, Los Angeles</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[75]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Riverside" title="University of California, Riverside">University of California, Riverside</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[76]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_San_Diego" title="University of California, San Diego">University of California, San Diego</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[77]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Santa_Barbara" title="University of California, Santa Barbara">University of California, Santa Barbara</a><a href="#cite_note-auto2-72">[71]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Central_Florida" title="University of Central Florida">University of Central Florida</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Colorado_Boulder" title="University of Colorado Boulder">University of Colorado Boulder</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-40">[39]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hibernation">Hibernation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Hibernation">edit</a>]</div> In 2020, <a href="/wiki/Cornell_University" title="Cornell University">Cornell University</a> sought to reduce energy consumption during times of reduced occupancy (caused by a response to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>) by shutting off airflow to many HVAC systems, including those connected to fume hoods.<a href="#cite_note-:7-81">[80]</a> The process of shutting off, or "hibernating", these fume hoods turned out to be difficult to implement unilaterally across equipment of different models and ages, and only produced significant cost savings when applied over a period of more than 3 months.<a href="#cite_note-:7-81">[80]</a> Process improvements allowed for the development of equipment and programs that can better implement periods of fume hood "hibernation", which have been implemented across several research institutions as of 2024, including the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Alabama" title="University of Alabama">University of Alabama</a>,<a href="#cite_note-82">[81]</a> <a href="/wiki/University_of_Nebraska%E2%80%93Lincoln" title="University of Nebraska–Lincoln">University of Nebraska–Lincoln</a>,<a href="#cite_note-83">[82]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a>.<a href="#cite_note-84">[83]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Use_of_sensors">Use of sensors</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Use of sensors">edit</a>]</div> Person detection technology, such as <a href="/wiki/Motion_detector" title="Motion detector">motion detectors</a> and <a href="/wiki/Occupancy_sensor" title="Occupancy sensor">occupancy sensors</a>, can sense the presence of a hood operator within a zone in front of a hood. Sensor signals allow ventilation controls to switch between normal and standby or "setback" modes that consume less energy.<a href="#cite_note-:17-5">[5]</a>: 9.H.3  Coupled with other space occupancy sensor systems,<a href="#cite_note-85">[84]</a> these technologies can adjust ventilation and lighting use to effectively minimize wasted energy in laboratories.<a href="#cite_note-86">[85]</a> However, there are safety concerns with reducing airflow in fume hoods through sensor signals if the sash is left open; some programs combine the principles of "Shut the Sash" campaigns with variable flow ventilation by using technology to actively remind users to close the sash of a fume hood that is not in use.<a href="#cite_note-87">[86]</a> Comprehensive controls on a laboratory may necessitate the use of a mechanical sash controller module that will automatically close the sash and shut off ventilation in concert with motion sensors.<a href="#cite_note-egbert-21">[21]</a>: 238  However, even without the use of sensors and mechanical sashes, providing reminders to fume hood users to shut the sash is more effective than doing nothing.<a href="#cite_note-88">[87]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Construction_and_installation">Construction and installation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Construction and installation">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fume_hood_manufacturing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Fume_hood_manufacturing.jpg/220px-Fume_hood_manufacturing.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Fume_hood_manufacturing.jpg/330px-Fume_hood_manufacturing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Fume_hood_manufacturing.jpg/440px-Fume_hood_manufacturing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption>A worker building the frame of a fume hood</figcaption></figure> Fume hoods are typically constructed with a <a href="/wiki/Superstructure" title="Superstructure">superstructure</a> encasing the various supporting members and inner lining of the hood. This superstructure is often built out of sheet metal, which has apertures punched into it to allow for access to plumbing and electrical receptacles or devices.<a href="#cite_note-:10-89">[88]</a> Ducted fume hoods have additional specifications necessitated by their design compared to ductless models. Seams in metal exhaust ductwork must be <a href="/wiki/Welding" title="Welding">welded</a>, excluding the outer end where a fan or blower is positioned.<a href="#cite_note-majfac-90">[89]</a>: 67  Depending on design choices and HVAC capabilities, the blower may be installed within or above the hood, or it may be positioned at the exhaust point, usually the roof of the building.<a href="#cite_note-grds-16">[16]</a>: 652  Fume hoods are installed with the intent to minimize exposure to materials used within the enclosure; as such, they are most often placed against walls and away from doors in order to prevent exposure by <a href="/wiki/Eddy_(fluid_dynamics)" title="Eddy (fluid dynamics)">eddies</a> in air caused by a door opening or closing.<a href="#cite_note-ldsn9200-23">[23]</a> One <a href="/wiki/EN_standard" class="mw-redirect" title="EN standard">EN standard</a> requires that the face of a fume hood be installed such that it is at least 1 metre (3.3 ft) from any space where there is frequent movement.<a href="#cite_note-birmingham08-91">[90]</a> Regional standards may require the implementation of further precautions and design considerations beyond the general requirements to build a functional fume hood.<a href="#cite_note-:10-89">[88]</a> These design standards may advise for considerations previously reserved for specialty hoods that improve <a href="/wiki/Aerodynamics" title="Aerodynamics">aerodynamics</a> and ease of cleaning, such as coved corners, beveled openings, and integrated acid-resistant <a href="/wiki/Sink" title="Sink">sinks</a>.<a href="#cite_note-birmingham08-91">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-horizsashstd-92">[91]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Maintenance">Maintenance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Maintenance">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fume_hood_airflow_with_body.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A line drawing depicting a worker in front a of a fume hood viewed from above, with arrows showing airflow direction" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Fume_hood_airflow_with_body.png/220px-Fume_hood_airflow_with_body.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Fume_hood_airflow_with_body.png/330px-Fume_hood_airflow_with_body.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Fume_hood_airflow_with_body.png/440px-Fume_hood_airflow_with_body.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="946" /></a><figcaption>Improper monitoring of fume hood velocity and movements within the enclosure may create a <a href="/wiki/Wake_(physics)" title="Wake (physics)">wake</a> that can expose workers to hazardous materials from inside the fume hood.<a href="#cite_note-93">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-:9-94">[93]</a></figcaption></figure> Fume hoods require regular maintenance to ensure consistent functionality; this is in addition to the standard precautions and measures taken during regular operations and ideally involves daily, periodic, and annual inspections:<a href="#cite_note-95">[94]</a> <ul><li>Daily fume hood inspections entail visual inspections of the fume hood for improper storage of material and other visible blockages. Airflow is often monitored for these daily inspections by taping a piece of <a href="/wiki/Tissue_paper" title="Tissue paper">tissue paper</a> to the open face of the hood such that it will be drawn inward; if the tissue is not pulled inward, the hood exhaust is not functioning.<a href="#cite_note-96">[95]</a></li> <li>Periodic fume hood function inspections require the measurement of capture or face velocity<a href="#cite_note-fv-36">[a]</a> with an <a href="/wiki/Anemometer" title="Anemometer">anemometer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:8-13">[13]</a>: 359  Specialized instruments for measuring wind speed in a fume hood or in <a href="/wiki/Ductwork" class="mw-redirect" title="Ductwork">ductwork</a> are often referred to by trade names that indicate the mechanism of measurement, such as "velometer" and "vaneometer".<a href="#cite_note-:8-13">[13]</a>: 61–72  Most fume hoods are commonly recommended to maintain an average face velocity of 80–120 feet (24–37 m) per minute for safe operation.<a href="#cite_note-:4-22">[22]</a>: 306  The minimum number of readings used to determine average face velocity varies according to ASHRAE standards, the most recent of which was produced in 2016.<a href="#cite_note-97">[96]</a> Fume hoods and other local exhaust devices may be <a href="/wiki/Smoke_testing_(mechanical)" title="Smoke testing (mechanical)">smoke tested</a> to determine if the contaminants they are designed to remove are being adequately captured and exhausted.<a href="#cite_note-98">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-:8-13">[13]</a>: 81 Periodic fume hood inspections may also include checks on proper behavior of workers using the device to ensure that they are not exposed to hazardous materials through the actions of the user generating turbulence.<a href="#cite_note-:9-94">[93]</a> Hoods that are not working properly, whether this is identified through an alarm on an airflow monitor or through periodic function tests, are unsafe to use, and in some situations warrant <a href="/wiki/Padlock" title="Padlock">padlocking</a> the sash closed to prevent users from accessing the device to continue work.<a href="#cite_note-:3-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[b]</a></li> <li>Annual maintenance involves mechanical repairs (i.e. lubrication, belt adjustment, filter servicing<a href="#cite_note-100">[98]</a>), maintenance as recommended by the device manufacturer, or upgrades to bring the device into compliance with standards,<a href="#cite_note-101">[99]</a> local <a href="/wiki/Building_code" title="Building code">building codes</a>, or to meet the specific needs of users.<a href="#cite_note-102">[100]</a> Organizations such as the <a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health" title="National Institutes of Health">National Institutes of Health</a> may include wording that requires the retrofitting of already installed fume hoods in updates to their regulatory guidelines.<a href="#cite_note-103">[101]</a> Mechanical changes to ventilation systems or any one fume hood may also affect different devices connected to the system, which can warrant inspection and validation of connected devices after seemingly unrelated work.<a href="#cite_note-egbert-21">[21]</a>: 32.7.2 </li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biosafety_cabinet" title="Biosafety cabinet">Biosafety cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laminar_flow_cabinet" title="Laminar flow cabinet">Laminar flow cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spray_booth" class="mw-redirect" title="Spray booth">Spray booth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vented_balance_safety_enclosure" title="Vented balance safety enclosure">Vented balance safety enclosure</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-fv-36">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fv_36-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-fv_36-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-fv_36-2">c</a> Face <a href="/wiki/Velocity" title="Velocity">velocity</a> is the "velocity of air at the face of an air diffuser or air terminal unit."<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> "Some individuals have been observed to be so hypnotized by the concept of a hood that they continue to use hoods which are not functioning, still counting on them to provide a normal level of protection. It actually has been necessary on occasion to padlock the sashes of hoods closed to prevent this. Unless a hood is fully functional, it should not be used."<a href="#cite_note-:3-8">[8]</a>:  148  </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGeorge_Wilson1703" class="citation web cs1">George Wilson (1703). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zKVhAAAAcAAJ">"A Compleat Course of Chymistry"</a>. 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National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 1972. p. 401. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240626164611/https://books.google.com/books?id=nm1UAAAAYAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved May 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Laboratory+and+Industrial+Ventilation&rft.pages=401&rft.pub=National+Aeronautics+and+Space+Administration&rft.date=1972&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dnm1UAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooper1994" class="citation book cs1">Cooper, E. Crawley (May 5, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tpD_jDApX6QC">Laboratory Design Handbook</a>. CRC Press. p. 76. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8493-8996-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8493-8996-2"><bdi>978-0-8493-8996-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240626183955/https://books.google.com/books?id=tpD_jDApX6QC">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved May 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Laboratory+Design+Handbook&rft.pages=76&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=1994-05-05&rft.isbn=978-0-8493-8996-2&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=E.+Crawley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtpD_jDApX6QC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-8">i</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLabconco2003" class="citation web cs1">Labconco (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://research.unl.edu/docs/VentilationSelectFumeHood_2-07.pdf">"How To Select The Right Laboratory Hood System"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/University_of_Nebraska%E2%80%93Lincoln" title="University of Nebraska–Lincoln">University of Nebraska–Lincoln</a> Office of Research & Economic Development. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240127191423/https://research.unl.edu/docs/VentilationSelectFumeHood_2-07.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on January 27, 2024. Retrieved January 27, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+Nebraska%E2%80%93Lincoln+Office+of+Research+%26+Economic+Development&rft.atitle=How+To+Select+The+Right+Laboratory+Hood+System&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Labconco&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch.unl.edu%2Fdocs%2FVentilationSelectFumeHood_2-07.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeat2022" class="citation web cs1">Peat, Kay (August 16, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.triumvirate.com/blog/for-your-lab-ducted-or-ductless-fume-hoods">"For Your Lab: Ducted or Ductless Fume Hoods?"</a>. 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Retrieved January 27, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+Toronto&rft.atitle=Design+Standard+%E2%80%93+Fume+Hoods+%26+Fume+Hood+Exhausts&rft.date=2018-11&rft.au=University+of+Toronto+Environmental+Health+and+Safety&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fehs.utoronto.ca%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2018%2F12%2FFume-Hoods-03-Design-Standard_November-2018.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_15-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_15-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ehs.stanford.edu/manual/laboratory-standard-design-guidelines/fume-hood-power-and-electrical">"3.11 Fume Hood Power and Electrical"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a> Environmental Health and Safety. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170312052846/https://ehs.stanford.edu/manual/laboratory-standard-design-guidelines/fume-hood-power-and-electrical">Archived</a> from the original on March 12, 2017. 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Wiley. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780470471579" title="Special:BookSources/9780470471579"><bdi>9780470471579</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230901061508/https://books.google.com/books?id=ROlG3CTGzYQC">Archived</a> from the original on September 1, 2023. 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NSTA Press. p. 38. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-933531-08-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-933531-08-3"><bdi>978-1-933531-08-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240626184036/https://books.google.com/books?id=BsHqW_g0YxEC">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved March 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=NSTA+Guide+to+Planning+School+Science+Facilities&rft.pages=38&rft.pub=NSTA+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-933531-08-3&rft.aulast=Motz&rft.aufirst=LaMoine+L.&rft.au=Biehle%2C+James+T.&rft.au=West%2C+Sandra+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBsHqW_g0YxEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.belart.com/clear-view-fume-hoods.html">"CLEAR VIEW FUME HOODS"</a>. SP Bel-Art. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210518172931/https://www.belart.com/clear-view-fume-hoods.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2021. 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Retrieved January 27, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+England+Labs&rft.atitle=Fume+Hoods+Overview&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newenglandlab.com%2Fuserfiles%2Ffiles%2Fresources%2FCatalog%2520Sections%2FMott%25209_1%2F9_1-P-FUME-HOODS-NEL.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPickard2002" class="citation book cs1">Pickard, Quentin (2002). "Laboratories". The Architects' Handbook. 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Retrieved October 22, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lab+Manager+Magazine&rft.atitle=CAV%2C+RAV+%26+VAV&rft.date=2009-10-07&rft.aulast=McLeod&rft.aufirst=Vince&rft.au=Glenn+Ketcham&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.labmanager.com%2F%3Farticles.view%2FarticleNo%2F3463%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:12-39">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:12_39-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:12_39-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:12_39-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:12_39-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAiha2003" class="citation book cs1">Aiha (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-19gw6LEOCQC">American National Standard for Laboratory Ventilation</a>. AIHA. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-931504-35-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-931504-35-5"><bdi>978-1-931504-35-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240626163528/https://books.google.com/books?id=-19gw6LEOCQC">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved March 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+National+Standard+for+Laboratory+Ventilation&rft.pub=AIHA&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-931504-35-5&rft.au=Aiha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-19gw6LEOCQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-40">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:6_40-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_40-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_40-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_40-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20121212195153/http://www.colorado.edu/FacMan/about/conservation/FumeHoods.html">"Lab Fume Hoods"</a>. University of Colorado at Boulder Facilities Management. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.colorado.edu/FacMan/about/conservation/FumeHoods.html">the original</a> on December 12, 2012. Retrieved October 22, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lab+Fume+Hoods&rft.pub=University+of+Colorado+at+Boulder+Facilities+Management&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.colorado.edu%2FFacMan%2Fabout%2Fconservation%2FFumeHoods.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-41">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_41-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_41-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWesolowskiElsa_OlivettiAmanda_GrahamSteve_Lanou2010" class="citation journal cs1">Wesolowski, Daniel; Elsa Olivetti; Amanda Graham; Steve Lanou; Peter Cooper; Jim Doughty; Rich Wilk; Leon Glicksman (February 10, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mit.edu/~slanou/www/shared_documents/The%20use%20of%20feedback%20in%20lab%20energy%20conservation.pdf">"The use of feedback in lab energy conservation: fume hoods at MIT"</a> (PDF). International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education. 11 (3): 217–235. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010IJSHE..11..217W">2010IJSHE..11..217W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1108%2F14676371011058523">10.1108/14676371011058523</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240218021946/https://web.mit.edu/~slanou/www/shared_documents/The%20use%20of%20feedback%20in%20lab%20energy%20conservation.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on February 18, 2024. Retrieved March 28, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Sustainability+in+Higher+Education&rft.atitle=The+use+of+feedback+in+lab+energy+conservation%3A+fume+hoods+at+MIT&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E217-%3C%2Fspan%3E235&rft.date=2010-02-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1108%2F14676371011058523&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2010IJSHE..11..217W&rft.aulast=Wesolowski&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.au=Elsa+Olivetti&rft.au=Amanda+Graham&rft.au=Steve+Lanou&rft.au=Peter+Cooper&rft.au=Jim+Doughty&rft.au=Rich+Wilk&rft.au=Leon+Glicksman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mit.edu%2F~slanou%2Fwww%2Fshared_documents%2FThe%2520use%2520of%2520feedback%2520in%2520lab%2520energy%2520conservation.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"Rust Proof Chemical Resistant Canopy Hoods". Industrial Maintenance & Plant Operation. October 1, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Industrial+Maintenance+%26+Plant+Operation&rft.atitle=Rust+Proof+Chemical+Resistant+Canopy+Hoods&rft.date=2017-10-01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-esext-43">^ <a href="#cite_ref-esext_43-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-esext_43-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSoláCobo2004" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Solá, Xavier Guardino; Cobo, Carlos Heras (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.insst.es/documents/94886/326775/ntp_672.pdf/752ab740-0676-4683-8794-45d907e4e8e9">"NTP 672: Extracción localizada en el laboratorio"</a> [NTP 672: Local extraction in the laboratory]. Instituto Nacional de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo (in Spanish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220313070843/https://www.insst.es/documents/94886/326775/ntp_672.pdf/752ab740-0676-4683-8794-45d907e4e8e9">Archived</a> from the original on March 13, 2022. Retrieved March 28, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Instituto+Nacional+de+Seguridad+y+Salud+en+el+Trabajo&rft.atitle=NTP+672%3A+Extracci%C3%B3n+localizada+en+el+laboratorio&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Sol%C3%A1&rft.aufirst=Xavier+Guardino&rft.au=Cobo%2C+Carlos+Heras&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.insst.es%2Fdocuments%2F94886%2F326775%2Fntp_672.pdf%2F752ab740-0676-4683-8794-45d907e4e8e9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Saunders-44">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Saunders_44-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Saunders_44-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Saunders_44-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Saunders_44-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Saunders_44-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaunders1993" class="citation book cs1">Saunders, G. Thomas (April 28, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KYdRqRMn8aIC">Laboratory Fume Hoods: A User's Manual</a>. Wiley. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780471569350" title="Special:BookSources/9780471569350"><bdi>9780471569350</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240626164602/https://books.google.com/books?id=KYdRqRMn8aIC">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved March 8, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Laboratory+Fume+Hoods%3A+A+User%27s+Manual&rft.pub=Wiley&rft.date=1993-04-28&rft.isbn=9780471569350&rft.aulast=Saunders&rft.aufirst=G.+Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKYdRqRMn8aIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-airpo-45"><a href="#cite_ref-airpo_45-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStern2014" class="citation book cs1">Stern, Arthur C. (April 24, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=i9BMNsxz-8UC">Air Pollution V4 Engineering Control of Air Pollution</a>. Elsevier Science. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780323162005" title="Special:BookSources/9780323162005"><bdi>9780323162005</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240626163435/https://books.google.com/books?id=i9BMNsxz-8UC">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2024. 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Academic Press. p. 887. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-12-289676-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-12-289676-7"><bdi>978-0-12-289676-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240626163543/https://books.google.com/books?id=q_Q_ncugJX4C">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved March 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Industrial+Ventilation+Design+Guidebook&rft.pages=887&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=2001-04-17&rft.isbn=978-0-12-289676-7&rft.aulast=Goodfellow&rft.aufirst=Howard+D.&rft.au=Tahti%2C+Esko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dq_Q_ncugJX4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaximoffMittalKaushikDhau2022" class="citation journal cs1">Maximoff, Sergey N.; Mittal, Rajat; Kaushik, Ajeet; Dhau, Jaspreet S. (October 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0045653522018070">"Performance evaluation of activated carbon sorbents for indoor air purification during normal and wildfire events"</a>. Chemosphere. 304: 135314. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022Chmsp.30435314M">2022Chmsp.30435314M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.chemosphere.2022.135314">10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135314</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35709843">35709843</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240626163532/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0045653522018070?via%3Dihub">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved March 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Performance+evaluation+of+activated+carbon+sorbents+for+indoor+air+purification+during+normal+and+wildfire+events&rft.volume=304&rft.pages=135314&rft.date=2022-10&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F35709843&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.chemosphere.2022.135314&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2022Chmsp.30435314M&rft.aulast=Maximoff&rft.aufirst=Sergey+N.&rft.au=Mittal%2C+Rajat&rft.au=Kaushik%2C+Ajeet&rft.au=Dhau%2C+Jaspreet+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0045653522018070&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guidelines-48">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Guidelines_48-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guidelines_48-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiBerardinisBaumFirstGatwood2013" class="citation book cs1">DiBerardinis, Louis J.; Baum, Janet S.; First, Melvin W.; Gatwood, Gari T.; Seth, Anand K. 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Retrieved March 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Guidelines+for+Laboratory+Design%3A+Health%2C+Safety%2C+and+Environmental+Considerations&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2013-04-08&rft.isbn=978-0-470-50552-6&rft.aulast=DiBerardinis&rft.aufirst=Louis+J.&rft.au=Baum%2C+Janet+S.&rft.au=First%2C+Melvin+W.&rft.au=Gatwood%2C+Gari+T.&rft.au=Seth%2C+Anand+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRhVFDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141031154256/http://www4.uwm.edu/usa/safety/laboratory_safety/ductless_fumehoods.cfm">"UW Milwaukee Ductless Fume Hood Policy"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www4.uwm.edu/usa/safety/laboratory_safety/ductless_fumehoods.cfm">the original</a> on October 31, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UW+Milwaukee+Ductless+Fume+Hood+Policy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww4.uwm.edu%2Fusa%2Fsafety%2Flaboratory_safety%2Fductless_fumehoods.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ehs.columbia.edu/fhPolicy.html">"Columbia University Chemical Fume Hood Policy"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130717094752/http://ehs.columbia.edu/fhPolicy.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 17, 2013. Retrieved October 23, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Columbia+University+Chemical+Fume+Hood+Policy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fehs.columbia.edu%2FfhPolicy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150222010549/http://web.princeton.edu/sites/ehs/labsafetymanual/sec6b.htm">"Princeton University Laboratory Safety Manual, Section 6B: Controlling Chemical Exposures"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.princeton.edu/sites/ehs/labsafetymanual/sec6b.htm">the original</a> on February 22, 2015. Retrieved October 23, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Princeton+University+Laboratory+Safety+Manual%2C+Section+6B%3A+Controlling+Chemical+Exposures&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.princeton.edu%2Fsites%2Fehs%2Flabsafetymanual%2Fsec6b.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111120194226/http://unh.edu/research/sites/unh.edu.research/files/docs/EHS/UNH-Fume-Hood-Program.pdf">"University of New Hampshire Fume Hood Program"</a> (PDF). University of New Hampshire Office of Environmental Health and Safety. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unh.edu/research/sites/unh.edu.research/files/docs/EHS/UNH-Fume-Hood-Program.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on November 20, 2011. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.colorado.edu/ehs/pdf/ECIH.FumeHoodQandA11_08.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on May 30, 2012. Retrieved October 23, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fume+Hood+Questions+%26+Answers&rft.pub=University+of+Colorado+%E2%80%93+Boulder+Department+of+Environmental+Health+and+Safety&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.colorado.edu%2Fehs%2Fpdf%2FECIH.FumeHoodQandA11_08.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ElcNMnjrWSQC">Primary Containment for Biohazards: Selection, Installation and Use of Biological Safety Cabinets</a>. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1995. p. 9. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240626163532/https://books.google.com/books?id=ElcNMnjrWSQC">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2024. 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CRC Press. pp. 108–109. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4665-9797-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4665-9797-6"><bdi>978-1-4665-9797-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240626164003/https://books.google.com/books?id=p4xqBAAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved March 25, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fundamentals+of+Fingerprint+Analysis&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E108-%3C%2Fspan%3E109&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.isbn=978-1-4665-9797-6&rft.aulast=Daluz&rft.aufirst=Hillary+Moses&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dp4xqBAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShrewsbury2015" class="citation book cs1">Shrewsbury, Robert P. (January 1, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mb6fBgAAQBAJ">Applied Pharmaceutics in Contemporary Compounding</a>. Morton Publishing Company. p. 358. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61731-419-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61731-419-3"><bdi>978-1-61731-419-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240626164103/https://books.google.com/books?id=mb6fBgAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved March 25, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Applied+Pharmaceutics+in+Contemporary+Compounding&rft.pages=358&rft.pub=Morton+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.isbn=978-1-61731-419-3&rft.aulast=Shrewsbury&rft.aufirst=Robert+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dmb6fBgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://canadianscientific.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/canadian-government-perchloric-acid-fume-hood-specs.pdf">"Perchloric Acid Fume Hoods and Their Exhaust Systems"</a> (PDF). Public Works and Government Services Canada. May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240208163605/https://canadianscientific.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/canadian-government-perchloric-acid-fume-hood-specs.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on February 8, 2024. Retrieved February 8, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Public+Works+and+Government+Services+Canada&rft.atitle=Perchloric+Acid+Fume+Hoods+and+Their+Exhaust+Systems&rft.date=2017-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcanadianscientific.ca%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2017%2F05%2Fcanadian-government-perchloric-acid-fume-hood-specs.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHall2018" class="citation book cs1">Hall, Stephen K. (December 19, 2018). "10. 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Retrieved March 25, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=10.+Laboratory+Ventilation&rft.btitle=Chemical+Safety+in+the+Laboratory&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2018-12-19&rft.isbn=978-1-351-46138-2&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Stephen+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DY3yCDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDieterCohenKundick1964" class="citation book cs1">Dieter, W. E.; Cohen, L.; Kundick, M. E. (1964). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Rqy6lIp_hUEC">A Stainless Steel Fume Hood for Safety in Use of Perchloric Acid</a>. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240626164055/https://books.google.com/books?id=Rqy6lIp_hUEC">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2024. 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John Wiley & Sons. p. 217. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-471-66704-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-471-66704-9"><bdi>978-0-471-66704-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240626164106/https://books.google.com/books?id=Z94ilYqgmy4C">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2024. 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May 2023. 7.6 Fume Hood Filtration and Wash-Down Systems. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240208164746/https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2023-05/ws-commercial-watersense-at-work_Section_7.6_Fume_Hood.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on February 8, 2024. Retrieved February 8, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+States+Environmental+Protection+Agency&rft.atitle=WaterSense+at+Work%3A+Best+Management+Practices+for+Commercial+and+Institutional+Facilities&rft.pages=7.6+Fume+Hood+Filtration+and+Wash-Down+Systems&rft.date=2023-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.epa.gov%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2F2023-05%2Fws-commercial-watersense-at-work_Section_7.6_Fume_Hood.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stpetersburg.usf.edu/safety-and-compliance/programs-and-services/laboratory-safety/fume-hoods.aspx">"Fume Hoods | Laboratory Safety"</a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Florida" title="University of South Florida">University of South Florida</a> St. Petersburg Campus. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240129153501/https://www.stpetersburg.usf.edu/safety-and-compliance/programs-and-services/laboratory-safety/fume-hoods.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on January 29, 2024. Retrieved January 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+South+Florida+St.+Petersburg+Campus&rft.atitle=Fume+Hoods+%7C+Laboratory+Safety&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stpetersburg.usf.edu%2Fsafety-and-compliance%2Fprograms-and-services%2Flaboratory-safety%2Ffume-hoods.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBellD._SartorE._Mills2003" class="citation journal cs1">Bell, G.; D. Sartor; E. Mills (October 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ateam.lbl.gov/hightech/fumehood/doc/LBNL-48983_FY03.pdf">"The Berkeley Hood: Development and Commercialization of an Innovative High-Performance Laboratory Fume Hood: Progress Report and Research Status: 1995–2003"</a> (PDF). Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090813032223/http://ateam.lbl.gov/hightech/fumehood/doc/LBNL-48983_FY03.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on August 13, 2009. 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Retrieved January 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Youngstown+State+University&rft.atitle=Checking+Fume+Hoods&rft.date=2023-11-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fysu.edu%2Feohs%2Fcmc%2Fsops%2Ffumehoods&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEsco_Lifesciences2017" class="citation web cs1">Esco Lifesciences (January 27, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.escolifesciences.com/news/latest-updates-on-ashrae-fume-hood-perfomance-testing-standard">"Latest updates on ASHRAE Fume Hood Performance Testing Standard"</a>. Esco Lifesciences Group. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240626164616/https://www.escolifesciences.com/news/latest-updates-on-ashrae-fume-hood-perfomance-testing-standard">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved January 25, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Esco+Lifesciences+Group&rft.atitle=Latest+updates+on+ASHRAE+Fume+Hood+Performance+Testing+Standard&rft.date=2017-01-27&rft.au=Esco+Lifesciences&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.escolifesciences.com%2Fnews%2Flatest-updates-on-ashrae-fume-hood-perfomance-testing-standard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSugarman2000" class="citation book cs1">Sugarman, Samuel C. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=N8snh42pV54C">Testing and Balancing HVAC Air and Water Systems</a>. The Fairmont Press, Inc. pp. 125–130. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88173-342-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88173-342-6"><bdi>978-0-88173-342-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240329122827/https://books.google.com/books?id=N8snh42pV54C">Archived</a> from the original on March 29, 2024. Retrieved March 28, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Testing+and+Balancing+HVAC+Air+and+Water+Systems&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E125-%3C%2Fspan%3E130&rft.pub=The+Fairmont+Press%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-88173-342-6&rft.aulast=Sugarman&rft.aufirst=Samuel+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DN8snh42pV54C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdministration1972" class="citation book cs1">Administration, United States National Aeronautics and Space (1972). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nm1UAAAAYAAJ">Laboratory and Industrial Ventilation</a>. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. p. 808. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240626164611/https://books.google.com/books?id=nm1UAAAAYAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved May 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Laboratory+and+Industrial+Ventilation&rft.pages=808&rft.pub=National+Aeronautics+and+Space+Administration&rft.date=1972&rft.aulast=Administration&rft.aufirst=United+States+National+Aeronautics+and+Space&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dnm1UAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCenter_for_Chemical_Process_Safety2023" class="citation book cs1">Center for Chemical Process Safety (August 29, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=l2LMEAAAQBAJ">Handbook for Process Safety in Laboratories and Pilot Plants: A Risk-based Approach</a>. John Wiley & Sons. p. 64. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-119-01013-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-119-01013-5"><bdi>978-1-119-01013-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240626184407/https://books.google.com/books?id=l2LMEAAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved June 3, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+for+Process+Safety+in+Laboratories+and+Pilot+Plants%3A+A+Risk-based+Approach&rft.pages=64&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2023-08-29&rft.isbn=978-1-119-01013-5&rft.au=Center+for+Chemical+Process+Safety&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dl2LMEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCook2023" class="citation magazine cs1">Cook, Brandoch (August 21, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.labmanager.com/the-benefits-of-upgrading-fume-hoods-in-the-lab-26584">"The Benefits of Upgrading Fume Hoods in the Lab"</a>. Lab Manager. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240603144155/https://www.labmanager.com/the-benefits-of-upgrading-fume-hoods-in-the-lab-26584">Archived</a> from the original on June 3, 2024. Retrieved June 3, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lab+Manager&rft.atitle=The+Benefits+of+Upgrading+Fume+Hoods+in+the+Lab&rft.date=2023-08-21&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=Brandoch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.labmanager.com%2Fthe-benefits-of-upgrading-fume-hoods-in-the-lab-26584&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://orf.od.nih.gov/TechnicalResources/Documents/News%20to%20Use%20PDF%20Files/2010%20NTU/July%20News%20to%20Use_508.pdf">"Fume Hood Requirements and Testing"</a> (PDF). The National Institutes of Health. July 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240129151339/https://orf.od.nih.gov/TechnicalResources/Documents/News%20to%20Use%20PDF%20Files/2010%20NTU/July%20News%20to%20Use_508.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on January 29, 2024. Retrieved January 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+National+Institutes+of+Health&rft.atitle=Fume+Hood+Requirements+and+Testing&rft.date=2010-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Forf.od.nih.gov%2FTechnicalResources%2FDocuments%2FNews%2520to%2520Use%2520PDF%2520Files%2F2010%2520NTU%2FJuly%2520News%2520to%2520Use_508.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFume+hood" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.research.northwestern.edu/ors/forms/chemical-fume-hood-handbook.pdf">Northwestern University Office for Research Safety – The Chemical Fume Hood Handbook</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160901204325/http://www.research.northwestern.edu/ors/forms/chemical-fume-hood-handbook.pdf">Archived</a> September 1, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.labmanager.com/category/product/fume-hoods">The Fume Hood Resource Center by Lab Manager Magazine</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Heaters</li><li>Dryers</li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_burner" title="Alcohol burner">Alcohol burner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunsen_burner" title="Bunsen burner">Bunsen burner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desiccator" title="Desiccator">Desiccator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heating_mantle" title="Heating mantle">Heating mantle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_plate" title="Hot plate">Hot plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_air_oven" title="Hot air oven">Lab oven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiln" title="Kiln">Kiln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meker%E2%80%93Fisher_burner" title="Meker–Fisher burner">Meker–Fisher burner</a></li> <li>Striker</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teclu_burner" title="Teclu burner">Teclu burner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laboratory_water_bath" title="Laboratory water bath">Water bath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vacuum_dry_box" title="Vacuum dry box">Vacuum dry box</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Mixers</li><li>Shakers</li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chemostat" title="Chemostat">Chemostat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homogenizer" title="Homogenizer">Homogenizer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid_whistle" title="Liquid whistle">Liquid whistle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetic_stirrer" title="Magnetic stirrer">Magnetic stirrer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortar_and_pestle" title="Mortar and pestle">Mortar and pestle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaker_(laboratory)" title="Shaker (laboratory)">Shaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonication" title="Sonication">Sonicator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Static_mixer" title="Static mixer">Static mixer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_rod" title="Glass rod">Stirring rod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vortex_mixer" title="Vortex mixer">Vortex mixer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wash_bottle" title="Wash bottle">Wash bottle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Stands</li><li><a href="/wiki/Clamp_(tool)" title="Clamp (tool)">Clamps</a> </li><li>Holders</li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Beaker clamp</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clamp_holder" title="Clamp holder">Clamp holder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripod_(laboratory)" title="Tripod (laboratory)">Tripod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burette_clamp" title="Burette clamp">Burette clamp</a></li> <li>Extension clamp</li> <li>Flask clamp</li> <li>Funnel support</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_ring_(laboratory)" title="Iron ring (laboratory)">Iron ring</a></li> <li>Pinch clamp</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retort_stand" title="Retort stand">Retort stand</a></li> <li>Screw clamp</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test_tube_holder" title="Test tube holder">Test tube holder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test_tube_rack" title="Test tube rack">Test tube rack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wire_gauze" title="Wire gauze">Wire gauze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laboratory_drying_rack" title="Laboratory drying rack">Lab drying rack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Containers </li><li>Storage</li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agar_plate" title="Agar plate">Agar plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryogenic_storage_dewar" title="Cryogenic storage dewar">Cryogenic storage dewar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incubator_(culture)" title="Incubator (culture)">Incubator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laminar_flow_cabinet" title="Laminar flow cabinet">Laminar flow cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microplate" title="Microplate">Microtiter plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petri_dish" title="Petri dish">Petri dish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picotiter_plate" title="Picotiter plate">Picotiter plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refrigerator" title="Refrigerator">Refrigerator</a></li> <li>Weighing boat</li> <li>Weighing dish</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other items</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aspirator_(pump)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aspirator (pump)">Aspirator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autoclave" title="Autoclave">Autoclave</a></li> <li>Balance brush</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cork_borer" title="Cork borer">Cork borer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucible" title="Crucible">Crucible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filter_paper" title="Filter paper">Filter paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_(tool)" title="File (tool)">File</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forceps" title="Forceps">Forceps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laboratory_centrifuge" title="Laboratory centrifuge">Centrifuge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microscope" title="Microscope">Microscope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipeclay_triangle" title="Pipeclay triangle">Pipeclay triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spectrophotometry" title="Spectrophotometry">Spectrophotometer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splint_(laboratory_equipment)" title="Splint (laboratory equipment)">Splint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laboratory_rubber_stopper" title="Laboratory rubber stopper">Stopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scoopula" title="Scoopula">Scoopula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spatula" title="Spatula">Spatula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test_tube_brush" title="Test tube brush">Test tube brush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wire_brush" title="Wire brush">Wire brush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inoculation_needle" title="Inoculation needle">Inoculation needle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inoculation_loop" title="Inoculation loop">Inoculation loop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Glassware100" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Laboratory_glassware" title="Laboratory glassware">Glassware</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Apparatus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dean%E2%80%93Stark_apparatus" title="Dean–Stark apparatus">Dean–Stark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soxhlet_extractor" title="Soxhlet extractor">Soxhlet extractor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kipp%27s_apparatus" title="Kipp's apparatus">Kipp's</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bottles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_round_(bottle)" title="Boston round (bottle)">Boston round</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Condenser_(laboratory)" title="Condenser (laboratory)">Condensers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cold_finger" title="Cold finger">Cold finger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liebig_condenser" title="Liebig condenser">Liebig</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evaporating_dish" title="Evaporating dish">Evaporating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petri_dish" title="Petri dish">Petri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syracuse_dish" title="Syracuse dish">Syracuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watch_glass" title="Watch glass">Watch glass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Laboratory_flask" title="Laboratory flask">Flasks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCchner_flask" title="Büchner flask">Büchner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vacuum_flask" title="Vacuum flask">Vacuum (Dewar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erlenmeyer_flask" title="Erlenmeyer flask">Erlenmeyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernbach_flask" title="Fernbach flask">Fernbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleaker" title="Fleaker">Fleaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_flask" title="Florence flask">Florence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retort" title="Retort">Retort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round-bottom_flask" title="Round-bottom flask">Round-bottom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schlenk_flask" title="Schlenk flask">Schlenk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volumetric_flask" title="Volumetric flask">Volumetric</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Funnels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCchner_funnel" title="Büchner funnel">Büchner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCchner_funnel" title="Büchner funnel">Hirsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dropping_funnel" title="Dropping funnel">Dropping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separatory_funnel" title="Separatory funnel">Separatory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Measuring devices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burette" title="Burette">Burette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conical_measure" title="Conical measure">Conical measure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuvette" title="Cuvette">Cuvette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eye_dropper" title="Eye dropper">Eye dropper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudiometer" title="Eudiometer">Eudiometer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graduated_cylinder" title="Graduated cylinder">Graduated cylinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostwald_viscometer" class="mw-redirect" title="Ostwald viscometer">Ostwald viscometer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipette" title="Pipette">Pipette</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Glass_tube" title="Glass tube">Tubes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drying_tube" title="Drying tube">Drying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cragie_tube" title="Cragie tube">Cragie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NMR_tube" title="NMR tube">Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test_tube" title="Test tube">Test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiele_tube" title="Thiele tube">Thiele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thistle_tube" title="Thistle tube">Thistle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other items</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beaker_(glassware)" class="mw-redirect" title="Beaker (glassware)">Beaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_jar" title="Bell jar">Bell jar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_syringe" title="Gas syringe">Gas syringe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vial" title="Vial">Vial</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Analytical_chemistry100" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Analytical_chemistry" title="Analytical chemistry">Analytical chemistry</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Compositional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AutoAnalyzer" title="AutoAnalyzer">AutoAnalyzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHN_analyzer" class="mw-redirect" title="CHN analyzer">CHN analyzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorimeter_(chemistry)" title="Colorimeter (chemistry)">Colorimeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inductively_coupled_plasma" title="Inductively coupled plasma">Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_chromatography" title="Gas chromatography">Gas chromatograph (GC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-performance_liquid_chromatography" title="High-performance liquid chromatography">Liquid chromatograph (LC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_spectrometry" title="Mass spectrometry">Mass spectrometer (MS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PH_indicator" title="PH indicator">pH indicator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PH_meter" title="PH meter">pH meter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Microscopy" title="Microscopy">Microscopy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scanning_electron_microscope" title="Scanning electron microscope">Scanning electron microscope (SEM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_electron_microscopy" title="Transmission electron microscopy">Transmission electron microscope (TEM)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Thermochemistry" title="Thermochemistry">Thermochemistry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calorimeter" title="Calorimeter">Calorimeter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Differential_scanning_calorimetry" title="Differential scanning calorimetry">differential scanning</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melting-point_apparatus" title="Melting-point apparatus">Melting-point apparatus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermometer" title="Thermometer">Thermometer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermogravimetric_analysis" title="Thermogravimetric analysis">Thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other items</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Analytical_balance" title="Analytical balance">Analytical balance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_counter" class="mw-redirect" title="Colony counter">Colony counter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiral_plater" title="Spiral plater">Spiral plater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_magnetic_resonance" title="Nuclear magnetic resonance">Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plate_reader" title="Plate reader">Plate reader</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Electronics100" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Electronics" title="Electronics">Electronics</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Control devices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bench_power_supply" class="mw-redirect" title="Bench power supply">Bench power supply</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Current_source" title="Current source">Current source</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voltage_source" title="Voltage source">Voltage source</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Function_generator" title="Function generator">Function generator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galvanostat" title="Galvanostat">Galvanostat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulse_generator" title="Pulse generator">Pulse generator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potentiostat" title="Potentiostat">Potentiostat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Measurement</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ammeter" title="Ammeter">Ammeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logic_analyzer" title="Logic analyzer">Logic analyzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multimeter" title="Multimeter">Multimeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_analyzer_(electrical)" title="Network analyzer (electrical)">Network analyzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscilloscope" title="Oscilloscope">Oscilloscope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spectrum_analyzer" title="Spectrum analyzer">Spectrum analyzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time-domain_reflectometer" title="Time-domain reflectometer">Time-domain reflectometer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transistor_tester" title="Transistor tester">Transistor tester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voltmeter" title="Voltmeter">Voltmeter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heat_gun" title="Heat gun">Heat gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soldering_iron" title="Soldering iron">Soldering iron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tweezers" title="Tweezers">Tweezers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wire_stripper" title="Wire stripper">Wire stripper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alligator_clip" class="mw-redirect" title="Alligator clip">Alligator clip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test_probe" title="Test probe">Test probe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Safety100" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Safety</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Personal_protective_equipment" title="Personal protective equipment">Personal protective equipment (PPE)</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_coat" title="White coat">Lab coat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Face_shield" title="Face shield">Face shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Respirator" title="Respirator">Respirator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apron" title="Apron">Rubber apron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_eyewash_and_safety_shower_station" title="Emergency eyewash and safety shower station">Safety shower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Eye and hand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glove" title="Glove">Acid-resistant gloves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_eyewash_and_safety_shower_station" title="Emergency eyewash and safety shower station">Eyewash station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glovebox" title="Glovebox">Glove box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_glove" title="Medical glove">Medical gloves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitrile_rubber" title="Nitrile rubber">Nitrile gloves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasses" title="Glasses">Safety glasses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goggles" title="Goggles">Safety goggles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other items</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biosafety_cabinet" title="Biosafety cabinet">Biosafety cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_blanket" title="Fire blanket">Fire blanket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_extinguisher" title="Fire extinguisher">Fire extinguisher</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fume hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safety_cabinet" title="Safety cabinet">Safety cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solvent_cabinet" title="Solvent cabinet">Solvent cabinet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_medical_laboratories" title="Instruments used in medical laboratories">Instruments used in medical laboratories</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Heating,_ventilation,_and_air_conditioning216" style="vertical-align: middle;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:HVAC" title="Template:HVAC"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:HVAC" title="Template talk:HVAC"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:HVAC" title="Special:EditPage/Template:HVAC"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Heating,_ventilation,_and_air_conditioning216" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Heating,_ventilation,_and_air_conditioning" title="Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning">Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fundamental concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: middle;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_changes_per_hour" title="Air changes per hour">Air changes per hour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bake-out" title="Bake-out">Bake-out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Building_envelope" title="Building envelope">Building envelope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convection" title="Convection">Convection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dilution_(equation)" title="Dilution (equation)">Dilution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_energy_consumption" title="Domestic energy consumption">Domestic energy consumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enthalpy" title="Enthalpy">Enthalpy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluid_dynamics" title="Fluid dynamics">Fluid dynamics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_compressor" class="mw-redirect" title="Gas compressor">Gas compressor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heat_pump_and_refrigeration_cycle" title="Heat pump and refrigeration cycle">Heat pump and refrigeration cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heat_transfer" title="Heat transfer">Heat transfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humidity" title="Humidity">Humidity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infiltration_(HVAC)" title="Infiltration (HVAC)">Infiltration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latent_heat" title="Latent heat">Latent heat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noise_control" title="Noise control">Noise control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outgassing" title="Outgassing">Outgassing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Particulates" title="Particulates">Particulates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychrometrics" title="Psychrometrics">Psychrometrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sensible_heat" title="Sensible heat">Sensible heat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stack_effect" title="Stack effect">Stack effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermal_comfort" title="Thermal comfort">Thermal comfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermal_destratification" title="Thermal destratification">Thermal destratification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermal_mass" title="Thermal mass">Thermal mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermodynamics" title="Thermodynamics">Thermodynamics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vapour_pressure_of_water" title="Vapour pressure of water">Vapour pressure of water</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: middle;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Absorption-compression_heat_pump" title="Absorption-compression heat pump">Absorption-compression heat pump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Absorption_refrigerator" title="Absorption refrigerator">Absorption refrigerator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_barrier" title="Air barrier">Air barrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_conditioning" title="Air conditioning">Air conditioning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antifreeze" title="Antifreeze">Antifreeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automobile_air_conditioning" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile air conditioning">Automobile air conditioning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_building" title="Autonomous building">Autonomous building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Building_insulation_material" title="Building insulation material">Building insulation materials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_heating" title="Central heating">Central heating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_solar_heating" title="Central solar heating">Central solar heating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilled_beam" title="Chilled beam">Chilled beam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilled_water" title="Chilled water">Chilled water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constant_air_volume" title="Constant air volume">Constant air volume</a> (CAV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coolant" title="Coolant">Coolant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_ventilation" title="Cross ventilation">Cross ventilation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dedicated_outdoor_air_system" title="Dedicated outdoor air system">Dedicated outdoor air system</a> (DOAS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_water_source_cooling" title="Deep water source cooling">Deep water source cooling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demand_controlled_ventilation" title="Demand controlled ventilation">Demand controlled ventilation</a> (DCV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Displacement_ventilation" title="Displacement ventilation">Displacement ventilation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_cooling" title="District cooling">District cooling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_heating" title="District heating">District heating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_heating" title="Electric heating">Electric heating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_recovery_ventilation" class="mw-redirect" title="Energy recovery ventilation">Energy recovery ventilation</a> (ERV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firestop" title="Firestop">Firestop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forced-air" title="Forced-air">Forced-air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forced-air_gas" title="Forced-air gas">Forced-air gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_cooling" title="Free cooling">Free cooling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heat_recovery_ventilation" title="Heat recovery ventilation">Heat recovery ventilation</a> (HRV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_heat" title="Hybrid heat">Hybrid heat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydronics" title="Hydronics">Hydronics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_storage_air_conditioning" title="Ice storage air conditioning">Ice storage air conditioning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_ventilation" title="Kitchen ventilation">Kitchen ventilation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed-mode_ventilation" title="Mixed-mode ventilation">Mixed-mode ventilation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microgeneration" title="Microgeneration">Microgeneration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passive_cooling" title="Passive cooling">Passive cooling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passive_daytime_radiative_cooling" title="Passive daytime radiative cooling">Passive daytime radiative cooling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passive_house" title="Passive house">Passive house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passive_ventilation" title="Passive ventilation">Passive ventilation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiant_heating_and_cooling" title="Radiant heating and cooling">Radiant heating and cooling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiant_cooling" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiant cooling">Radiant cooling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiant_heating" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiant heating">Radiant heating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radon_mitigation" title="Radon mitigation">Radon mitigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refrigeration" title="Refrigeration">Refrigeration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_heat" title="Renewable heat">Renewable heat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Room_air_distribution" title="Room air distribution">Room air distribution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_air_heat" title="Solar air heat">Solar air heat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_combisystem" title="Solar combisystem">Solar combisystem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_cooling" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar cooling">Solar cooling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_heating" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar heating">Solar heating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermal_insulation" title="Thermal insulation">Thermal insulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermosiphon" title="Thermosiphon">Thermosiphon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underfloor_air_distribution" title="Underfloor air distribution">Underfloor air distribution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underfloor_heating" title="Underfloor heating">Underfloor heating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vapor_barrier" title="Vapor barrier">Vapor barrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vapor-compression_refrigeration" title="Vapor-compression refrigeration">Vapor-compression refrigeration</a> (VCRS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variable_air_volume" title="Variable air volume">Variable air volume</a> (VAV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variable_refrigerant_flow" title="Variable refrigerant flow">Variable refrigerant flow</a> (VRF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventilation_(architecture)" title="Ventilation (architecture)">Ventilation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_heat_recycling" title="Water heat recycling">Water heat recycling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: middle;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_conditioner_inverter" class="mw-redirect" title="Air conditioner inverter">Air conditioner inverter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_door" title="Air door">Air door</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_filter" title="Air filter">Air filter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_handler" title="Air handler">Air handler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_ioniser" title="Air ioniser">Air ionizer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air-mixing_plenum" title="Air-mixing plenum">Air-mixing plenum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_purifier" title="Air purifier">Air purifier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_source_heat_pump" title="Air source heat pump">Air source heat pump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attic_fan" title="Attic fan">Attic fan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_balancing_valve" title="Automatic balancing valve">Automatic balancing valve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Back_boiler" title="Back boiler">Back boiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrier_pipe" title="Barrier pipe">Barrier pipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blast_damper" title="Blast damper">Blast damper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boiler" title="Boiler">Boiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centrifugal_fan" title="Centrifugal fan">Centrifugal fan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceramic_heater" title="Ceramic heater">Ceramic heater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiller" title="Chiller">Chiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condensate_pump" title="Condensate pump">Condensate pump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condenser_(heat_transfer)" title="Condenser (heat transfer)">Condenser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condensing_boiler" title="Condensing boiler">Condensing boiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convection_heater" title="Convection heater">Convection heater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compressor" title="Compressor">Compressor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooling_tower" title="Cooling tower">Cooling tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damper_(flow)" title="Damper (flow)">Damper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dehumidifier" title="Dehumidifier">Dehumidifier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duct_(flow)" title="Duct (flow)">Duct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economizer" title="Economizer">Economizer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electrostatic_precipitator" title="Electrostatic precipitator">Electrostatic precipitator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evaporative_cooler" title="Evaporative cooler">Evaporative cooler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evaporator" title="Evaporator">Evaporator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exhaust_hood" class="mw-redirect" title="Exhaust hood">Exhaust hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expansion_tank" title="Expansion tank">Expansion tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fan_(machine)" title="Fan (machine)">Fan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fan_coil_unit" title="Fan coil unit">Fan coil unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fan_filter_unit" title="Fan filter unit">Fan filter unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fan_heater" title="Fan heater">Fan heater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_damper" title="Fire damper">Fire damper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fireplace" title="Fireplace">Fireplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fireplace_insert" title="Fireplace insert">Fireplace insert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freeze_stat" title="Freeze stat">Freeze stat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flue" title="Flue">Flue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freon" title="Freon">Freon</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fume hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furnace_(house_heating)" class="mw-redirect" title="Furnace (house heating)">Furnace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_compressor" class="mw-redirect" title="Gas compressor">Gas compressor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_heater" title="Gas heater">Gas heater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gasoline_heater" title="Gasoline heater">Gasoline heater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grease_duct" title="Grease duct">Grease duct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grille_(architecture)" title="Grille (architecture)">Grille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground-coupled_heat_exchanger" title="Ground-coupled heat exchanger">Ground-coupled heat exchanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_source_heat_pump" title="Ground source heat pump">Ground source heat pump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heat_exchanger" title="Heat exchanger">Heat exchanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heat_pipe" title="Heat pipe">Heat pipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heat_pump" title="Heat pump">Heat pump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heating_film" title="Heating film">Heating film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heating_system" title="Heating system">Heating system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HEPA" title="HEPA">HEPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_efficiency_glandless_circulating_pump" title="High efficiency glandless circulating pump">High efficiency glandless circulating pump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-pressure_cut-off_switch" class="mw-redirect" title="High-pressure cut-off switch">High-pressure cut-off switch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humidifier" title="Humidifier">Humidifier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infrared_heater" title="Infrared heater">Infrared heater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverter_compressor" title="Inverter compressor">Inverter compressor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerosene_heater" title="Kerosene heater">Kerosene heater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louver" title="Louver">Louver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechanical_room" title="Mechanical room">Mechanical room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_heater" title="Oil heater">Oil heater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packaged_terminal_air_conditioner" title="Packaged terminal air conditioner">Packaged terminal air conditioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plenum_space" title="Plenum space">Plenum space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pressurisation_ductwork" title="Pressurisation ductwork">Pressurisation ductwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Process_duct_work" title="Process duct work">Process duct work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiator_(heating)" title="Radiator (heating)">Radiator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiator_reflector" title="Radiator reflector">Radiator reflector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recuperator" title="Recuperator">Recuperator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refrigerant" title="Refrigerant">Refrigerant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Register_(air_and_heating)" title="Register (air and heating)">Register</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reversing_valve" title="Reversing valve">Reversing valve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Run-around_coil" title="Run-around coil">Run-around coil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sail_switch" title="Sail switch">Sail switch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scroll_compressor" title="Scroll compressor">Scroll compressor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_chimney" title="Solar chimney">Solar chimney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar-assisted_heat_pump" title="Solar-assisted heat pump">Solar-assisted heat pump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_heater" title="Space heater">Space heater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoke_canopy" title="Smoke canopy">Smoke canopy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoke_damper" title="Smoke damper">Smoke damper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoke_exhaust_ductwork" title="Smoke exhaust ductwork">Smoke exhaust ductwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermal_expansion_valve" title="Thermal expansion valve">Thermal expansion valve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermal_wheel" title="Thermal wheel">Thermal wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermostatic_radiator_valve" title="Thermostatic radiator valve">Thermostatic radiator valve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trickle_vent" title="Trickle vent">Trickle vent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trombe_wall" title="Trombe wall">Trombe wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TurboSwing" title="TurboSwing">TurboSwing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turning_vanes_(HVAC)" title="Turning vanes (HVAC)">Turning vanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra-low_particulate_air" title="Ultra-low particulate air">Ultra-low particulate air</a> (ULPA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whole-house_fan" title="Whole-house fan">Whole-house fan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windcatcher" title="Windcatcher">Windcatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood-burning_stove" title="Wood-burning stove">Wood-burning stove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zone_valve" title="Zone valve">Zone valve</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Measurement and control</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: middle;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_flow_meter" title="Air flow meter">Air flow meter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquastat" title="Aquastat">Aquastat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BACnet" title="BACnet">BACnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blower_door" title="Blower door">Blower door</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Building_automation" title="Building automation">Building automation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_dioxide_sensor" title="Carbon dioxide sensor">Carbon dioxide sensor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clean_air_delivery_rate" title="Clean air delivery rate">Clean air delivery rate</a> (CADR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Control_valve" title="Control valve">Control valve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_detector" title="Gas detector">Gas detector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_energy_monitor" title="Home energy monitor">Home energy monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humidistat" title="Humidistat">Humidistat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HVAC_control_system" title="HVAC control system">HVAC control system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infrared_thermometer" title="Infrared thermometer">Infrared thermometer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligent_buildings" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelligent buildings">Intelligent buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LonWorks" title="LonWorks">LonWorks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimum_efficiency_reporting_value" title="Minimum efficiency reporting value">Minimum efficiency reporting value</a> (MERV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normal_temperature_and_pressure" class="mw-redirect" title="Normal temperature and pressure">Normal temperature and pressure</a> (NTP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenTherm" title="OpenTherm">OpenTherm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Programmable_communicating_thermostat" title="Programmable communicating thermostat">Programmable communicating thermostat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Programmable_thermostat" title="Programmable thermostat">Programmable thermostat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychrometrics" title="Psychrometrics">Psychrometrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Room_temperature" title="Room temperature">Room temperature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_thermostat" title="Smart thermostat">Smart thermostat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_temperature_and_pressure" title="Standard temperature and pressure">Standard temperature and pressure</a> (STP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermographic_camera" class="mw-redirect" title="Thermographic camera">Thermographic camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermostat" title="Thermostat">Thermostat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermostatic_radiator_valve" title="Thermostatic radiator valve">Thermostatic radiator valve</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Professions, trades, and services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: middle;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architectural_acoustics" title="Architectural acoustics">Architectural acoustics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architectural_engineering" title="Architectural engineering">Architectural engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architectural_technologist" title="Architectural technologist">Architectural technologist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Building_services_engineering" title="Building services engineering">Building services engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Building_information_modeling" title="Building information modeling">Building information modeling</a> (BIM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_energy_retrofit" title="Deep energy retrofit">Deep energy retrofit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duct_cleaning" class="mw-redirect" title="Duct cleaning">Duct cleaning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duct_leakage_testing" title="Duct leakage testing">Duct leakage testing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_engineering" title="Environmental engineering">Environmental engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydronic_balancing" title="Hydronic balancing">Hydronic balancing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_exhaust_cleaning" title="Kitchen exhaust cleaning">Kitchen exhaust cleaning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechanical_engineering" title="Mechanical engineering">Mechanical engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechanical,_electrical,_and_plumbing" title="Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing">Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mold_growth,_assessment,_and_remediation" class="mw-redirect" title="Mold growth, assessment, and remediation">Mold growth, assessment, and remediation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refrigerant_reclamation" title="Refrigerant reclamation">Refrigerant reclamation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testing,_adjusting,_balancing" title="Testing, adjusting, balancing">Testing, adjusting, balancing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Industry organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: middle;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Conditioning,_Heating_and_Refrigeration_Institute" title="Air Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute">AHRI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Movement_and_Control_Association" title="Air Movement and Control Association">AMCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASHRAE" title="ASHRAE">ASHRAE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASTM_International" title="ASTM International">ASTM International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Building_Research_Establishment" title="Building Research Establishment">BRE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BSRIA" title="BSRIA">BSRIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chartered_Institution_of_Building_Services_Engineers" title="Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers">CIBSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Refrigeration" title="Institute of Refrigeration">Institute of Refrigeration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Institute_of_Refrigeration" title="International Institute of Refrigeration">IIR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leadership_in_Energy_and_Environmental_Design" class="mw-redirect" title="Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design">LEED</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheet_Metal_and_Air_Conditioning_Contractors%27_National_Association" title="Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors' National Association">SMACNA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniform_Mechanical_Code" title="Uniform Mechanical Code">UMC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Health and safety</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: middle;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_air_quality" title="Indoor air quality">Indoor air quality</a> (IAQ)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passive_smoking" title="Passive smoking">Passive smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sick_building_syndrome" title="Sick building syndrome">Sick building syndrome</a> (SBS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volatile_organic_compound" title="Volatile organic compound">Volatile organic compound</a> (VOC)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: middle;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ASHRAE_Handbook" title="ASHRAE Handbook">ASHRAE Handbook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Building_science" title="Building science">Building science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fireproofing" title="Fireproofing">Fireproofing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_HVAC_terms" title="Glossary of HVAC terms">Glossary of HVAC terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warm_Spaces" title="Warm Spaces">Warm Spaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Refrigeration_Day" title="World Refrigeration Day">World Refrigeration Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Home_automation" title="Template:Home automation">Template:Home automation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Solar_energy" title="Template:Solar energy">Template:Solar energy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&oldid=1259822634">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fume_hood&oldid=1259822634</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" 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