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</div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Suriname (Kingdom of the Netherlands)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC_(%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B)" title="Суринам (Королевство Нидерланды) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Суринам (Королевство Нидерланды)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surinam_(Kraljevina_Nizozemska)" title="Surinam (Kraljevina Nizozemska) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Surinam (Kraljevina Nizozemska)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surinam_(Hollanda_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1)" title="Surinam (Hollanda Krallığı) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Surinam (Hollanda Krallığı)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC_(%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B2)" title="Суринам (Королівство Нідерландів) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Суринам (Королівство Нідерландів)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, 1954–1975</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043282317">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Suriname</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">1954–1975</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Suriname_(1959%E2%80%931975).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Suriname"><img alt="Flag of Suriname" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Suriname_%281959%E2%80%931975%29.svg/125px-Flag_of_Suriname_%281959%E2%80%931975%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Suriname_%281959%E2%80%931975%29.svg/188px-Flag_of_Suriname_%281959%E2%80%931975%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Suriname_%281959%E2%80%931975%29.svg/250px-Flag_of_Suriname_%281959%E2%80%931975%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Suriname" title="Flag of Suriname">Flag</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname_(1959-1975).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Suriname"><img alt="Coat of arms of Suriname" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname_%281959-1975%29.svg/85px-Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname_%281959-1975%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname_%281959-1975%29.svg/128px-Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname_%281959-1975%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname_%281959-1975%29.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname_%281959-1975%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="664" data-file-height="559" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname" title="Coat of arms of Suriname"> Coat of arms</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem"><b>Anthem:</b> <span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl"><a href="/wiki/God_zij_met_ons_Suriname" title="God zij met ons Suriname">God zij met ons Suriname</a></i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(Dutch)</span><br />"God be with our Suriname"<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="54" data-mwtitle="Surinamese_national_anthem,_performed_by_the_U.S._Navy_Band.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/Surinamese_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_U.S._Navy_Band.ogg/Surinamese_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_U.S._Navy_Band.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Surinamese_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_U.S._Navy_Band.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ASurinamese_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_U.S._Navy_Band.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ASurinamese_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_U.S._Navy_Band.ogg&lang=id&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="id" label="Bahasa Indonesia ‪(id)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ASurinamese_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_U.S._Navy_Band.ogg&lang=nl&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="nl" label="Nederlands ‪(nl)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ASurinamese_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_U.S._Navy_Band.ogg&lang=pt&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pt" label="português ‪(pt)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ASurinamese_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_U.S._Navy_Band.ogg&lang=srn&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="srn" label="Sranantongo ‪(srn)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ASurinamese_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_U.S._Navy_Band.ogg&lang=zh&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh" label="中文 ‪(zh)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div><div class="ib-country-anthem"><b><a href="/wiki/Royal_anthem" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal anthem">Royal anthem</a>:</b> <span title="Dutch-language text"><span lang="nl" style="font-style: normal;">"<a href="/wiki/Wilhelmus_van_Nassouwe" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilhelmus van Nassouwe">Wilhelmus van Nassouwe</a>"</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(Dutch)</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">"'William of Nassau"</span><br /><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="66" data-mwtitle="Het-Wilhelmus.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Het-Wilhelmus.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/Het-Wilhelmus.ogg/Het-Wilhelmus.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Suriname_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Suriname_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/250px-Suriname_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Suriname_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/375px-Suriname_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Suriname_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/500px-Suriname_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Constituent country of<br />the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands">Kingdom of the Netherlands</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paramaribo" title="Paramaribo">Paramaribo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Common languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a> (official)<br /><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; font-weight:normal;"><div>11 other languages</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Sranan_Tongo" title="Sranan Tongo">Sranan Tongo</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Hindustani#Sarnami_Hindustani" title="Caribbean Hindustani">Sarnami Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu)</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Ndyuka_language" title="Ndyuka language">Ndyuka</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Saramaccan_language" title="Saramaccan language">Saramaccan</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Kwinti_language" title="Kwinti language">Kwinti</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> </li></ul> </div> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; font-weight:normal;"><div>8 native languages</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Akurio_language" title="Akurio language">Akurio</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Arawak_language" title="Arawak language">Arawak-Lokono</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Carib_language" title="Carib language">Carib-Kari'nja</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Sikiana_language" title="Sikiana language">Sikiana-Kashuyana</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Tiriy%C3%B3_language" title="Tiriyó language">Tiro-Tiriyó</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Waiwai_language" title="Waiwai language">Waiwai</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Warao_language" title="Warao language">Warao</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Wayana_language" title="Wayana language">Wayana</a> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Suriname" title="Politics of Suriname">Government</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary</a> <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_system" title="Parliamentary system">parliamentary</a> <a href="/wiki/Representative_democracy" title="Representative democracy">representative democracy</a> under <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy" title="Constitutional monarchy">constitutional monarchy</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_Netherlands" title="Monarchy of the Netherlands">Monarch</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1954–1975 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Juliana_of_the_Netherlands" title="Juliana of the Netherlands">Juliana</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Suriname" title="List of colonial governors of Suriname">Governor General</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1954–1956 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jan_Klaasesz" title="Jan Klaasesz">Jan Klaasesz</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1956–1963 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jan_van_Tilburg" title="Jan van Tilburg">Jan van Tilburg</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1963–1964 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Currie_(Surinamese_politician)" title="Archibald Currie (Surinamese politician)">Archibald Currie</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1968–1975 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier">Johan Ferrier</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Prime Ministers of Suriname">Prime Minister</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1954–1955 </div></th><td class="infobox-data">Archibald Currie</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1955–1958 </div></th><td class="infobox-data">Johan Ferrier</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1958–1963 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Severinus_Desir%C3%A9_Emanuels" title="Severinus Desiré Emanuels">Severinus Desiré Emanuels</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1963–1969 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Johan_Adolf_Pengel" title="Johan Adolf Pengel">Johan Adolf Pengel</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1969–1973 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jules_Sedney" title="Jules Sedney">Jules Sedney</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1973–1975 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Henck_Arron" title="Henck Arron">Henck Arron</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legislature</th><td class="infobox-data">Estates of Suriname</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">History</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <span class="nowrap">Proclamation of <a href="/wiki/Charter_for_the_Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands">Charter</a></span> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">15 December 1954</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/History_of_Suriname#Independence" title="History of Suriname">Independence</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">25 November 1975</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_guilder" title="Dutch guilder">Dutch guilder</a> (until 1962)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Surinamese_guilder" title="Surinamese guilder">Surinamese guilder</a> (after 1962)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:SR" title="ISO 3166-2:SR">SR</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="width:95%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Preceded by</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Succeeded by</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Surinam_(Dutch_colony)" title="Surinam (Dutch colony)">Surinam (Dutch colony)</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile vcard plainlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="sidebar-pretitle" style="margin: -0.2em 0; font-size:69%; font-weight:normal;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Suriname" title="Category:History of Suriname">a series</a> on the</div></th> </tr><tr> <th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style=""><a href="/wiki/History_of_Suriname" title="History of Suriname">History of <span class="fn org label">Suriname</span></a></th> </tr><tr><td style="padding-bottom: 0.4em; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of Arms of Suriname"><img alt="Coat of Arms of Suriname" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg/113px-Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="664" data-file-height="559" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arawak" title="Arawak">Arawak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalina_people" title="Kalina people">Caribs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinam_(Dutch_colony)" title="Surinam (Dutch colony)">Dutch colonization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Suriname" title="Society of Suriname">Society of Suriname</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Constituent country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Surinamese_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1980 Surinamese coup d'état">1980 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Military_Council_(Suriname)" title="National Military Council (Suriname)">National Military Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_murders" title="December murders">December murders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinamese_Interior_War" title="Surinamese Interior War">Surinamese Interior War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Surinamese_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1990 Surinamese coup d'état">1990 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Suriname" title="Politics of Suriname">Return to democracy</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid; border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/16px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/24px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/32px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Suriname" title="Portal:Suriname">Suriname portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_Suriname" title="Template:History of Suriname"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_Suriname" title="Template talk:History of Suriname"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_Suriname" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of Suriname"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Suriname</b> was a <a href="/wiki/Constituent_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Constituent state">constituent country</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands">Kingdom of the Netherlands</a> between 1954 and 1975. The country had full autonomy, except in areas of <a href="/wiki/Defense_(military)" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense (military)">defence</a> and <a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy" title="Foreign policy">foreign policy</a>, and participated on a basis of equality with the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands_Antilles" title="Netherlands Antilles">Netherlands Antilles</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> itself in the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The country became fully independent as the <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Republic of Suriname</a> on 25 November 1975. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriname_(Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Suriname" title="History of Suriname">History of Suriname</a></div> <p>The origin of the administrative reform of 1954 was the 1941 <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Charter" title="Atlantic Charter">Atlantic Charter</a> (stating "the right of all peoples to choose the form of government under which they will live", and the desire for "a permanent system of general security"), which was signed by the Netherlands on 1 January 1942. Changes were proposed in the 7 December 1942 radio speech by <a href="/wiki/Wilhelmina_of_the_Netherlands" title="Wilhelmina of the Netherlands">Queen Wilhelmina</a>. In this speech, the queen, on behalf of the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_government-in-exile" title="Dutch government-in-exile">Dutch government-in-exile</a> in London, expressed a desire to review the relations between the Netherlands and its colonies after the end of the war. After liberation, the government would call a conference to agree on a settlement in which the overseas territories could participate in the administration of the kingdom on a basis of equality. Initially, this speech had propaganda purposes; the Dutch government had the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch East Indies</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>) in mind, and hoped to appease public opinion in the United States, which had become skeptical towards <a href="/wiki/Colonialism" title="Colonialism">colonialism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeel1999_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeel1999-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After Indonesia became independent, a federal construction was considered too heavy, as the economies of Suriname and the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands_Antilles" title="Netherlands Antilles">Netherlands Antilles</a> were insignificant compared to that of the Netherlands. In the charter, as enacted in 1954, Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles each obtained a <a href="/wiki/Minister_Plenipotentiary_(Netherlands)" title="Minister Plenipotentiary (Netherlands)">Minister Plenipotentiary</a> based in the Netherlands, who had the right to participate in Dutch cabinet meetings when it discussed affairs that applied to the kingdom as a whole, when these affairs pertained directly to Suriname and/or the Netherlands Antilles. Delegates of Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles could participate in sessions of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_(Netherlands)" title="Senate (Netherlands)">First</a> and <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Netherlands)" title="House of Representatives (Netherlands)">Second</a> Chambers of the <a href="/wiki/States-General_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="States-General of the Netherlands">States-General</a>. An overseas member could be added to the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_State_(Netherlands)" title="Council of State (Netherlands)">Council of State</a> when appropriate. According to the charter, Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles were also allowed to alter their "Basic Laws" (<span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">Staatsregeling</i></span>). The right of the two autonomous countries to leave the kingdom unilaterally, was not recognised; yet it also stipulated that the charter could be dissolved by mutual consultation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeel1999_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeel1999-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Moving_towards_independence">Moving towards independence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriname_(Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Moving towards independence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1954 and during the 1950s, the Dutch government strongly opposed the idea of full independence for its former colony. Suriname had been given far-reaching autonomy in order to keep it within the kingdom. This changed in the 1960s, especially after the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands_New_Guinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Netherlands New Guinea">Netherlands New Guinea</a> crisis of 1962, and the <a href="/wiki/1969_Cura%C3%A7ao_uprising" title="1969 Curaçao uprising">riots</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a> in 1969. In the 1960s virtually all parties in the Dutch parliament began to support the idea of full independence for Suriname as soon as possible. The former colonies in the Caribbean had become a fiscal burden and the Dutch government had lost control over their internal administration. The <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Labour_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch Labour Party">Dutch Labour Party</a> added to these political and economic reasonings an ideological argument: colonialism was considered wrong and all its remnants, such as the inclusion of Surname and the Netherlands Antilles in the Kingdom of the Netherlands, should be eliminated. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Den_Uyl_cabinet" title="Den Uyl cabinet">Den Uyl cabinet</a> that took office in May 1973 and stated that the Caribbean countries within the kingdom were to become independent during its term in office. The Netherlands Antilles rejected the idea, but Suriname was willing to talk. The Surinamese government under <a href="/wiki/Jules_Sedney" title="Jules Sedney">Jules Sedney</a> argued that the Netherlands was acting in undue haste, and that independence required longer-term planning.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The newly elected government of <a href="/wiki/Henck_Arron" title="Henck Arron">Henck Arron</a> however accepted Den Uyl's invitation that Suriname be independent by the end of 1975. After long negotiations, and with a very substantial severance package amounting to 3.5 billion <a href="/wiki/Dutch_guilder" title="Dutch guilder">Dutch guilders</a> of Dutch aid,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOostindieKlinkers2003108_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOostindieKlinkers2003108-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Suriname became independent on 25 November 1975. On 21 November, the statue of Queen Wilhelmina was removed from Oranjeplein and replaced with the Surinamese flag. Oranjeplein was renamed Independence Square. The Dutch flag was lowered for the last time in the evening of 24 November. A big party started around midnight. The first day of the independent Republic of Suriname was celebrated in the company of Princess Beatrix, Prince Claus and Prime Minister Den Uyl. On 25 November former governor <a href="/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier">Ferrier</a> was sworn in as president, while in The Hague Queen Juliana signed the treaty of sovereignty. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dutch_Guiana">Dutch Guiana</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriname_(Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Dutch Guiana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term Dutch Guiana (Dutch: <i>Nederlands Guiana</i>) is often unofficially used for Suriname, in an analogy to <a href="/wiki/British_Guiana" title="British Guiana">British Guiana</a> and <a href="/wiki/French_Guiana" title="French Guiana">French Guiana</a>. Officially, the name has always been Surinam or Suriname, both in Dutch<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and English,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before 1814, however, there were several Dutch colonies in <a href="/wiki/The_Guianas" title="The Guianas">the Guianas</a>: Suriname, <a href="/wiki/Berbice" title="Berbice">Berbice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Essequibo_(colony)" title="Essequibo (colony)">Essequibo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Demerara" title="Demerara">Demerara</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pomeroon_(colony)" title="Pomeroon (colony)">Pomeroon</a>. The last four were taken over by the United Kingdom in 1814 and united into British Guiana in 1831. The term Dutch Guiana applied to the period before 1814 does not describe a distinct political entity, but rather a group of colonies under Dutch sovereignty.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Therefore, the term "Governor of Dutch Guiana" should not cause confusion if applied to the period after 1814. Before 1814, however, its use is incorrect because the Governor of Suriname did not rule the other Dutch colonies in the Guianas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriname_(Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeel1999-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeel1999_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeel1999_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMeel1999">Meel 1999</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nickerie.net/News2005/2005-11-24%20-%20tgf%20-%20Suriname%20was%20niet%20voorbereid%20op%20onafhankelijkheid.htm">"Suriname was niet voorbereid op onafhankelijkheid"</a>. <i>de Telegraaf via Nickerie.net</i> (in Dutch)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=de+Telegraaf+via+Nickerie.net&rft.atitle=Suriname+was+niet+voorbereid+op+onafhankelijkheid&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nickerie.net%2FNews2005%2F2005-11-24%2520-%2520tgf%2520-%2520Suriname%2520was%2520niet%2520voorbereid%2520op%2520onafhankelijkheid.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuriname+%28Kingdom+of+the+Netherlands%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOostindieKlinkers2003108-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOostindieKlinkers2003108_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOostindieKlinkers2003">Oostindie & Klinkers 2003</a>, p. 108.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See for example <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_sur001184601_01/_sur001184601_01_0014.php">this royal decree</a> separating Suriname from Curaçao and Dependencies (1845).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In treaties between the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, the colony is consistently referred to as the <i>Colony of Surinam</i>, e.g. <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Dutch_Treaties_of_1870%E2%80%931871" title="Anglo-Dutch Treaties of 1870–1871">Convention between Great Britain and the Netherlands, relative to the Emigration of Labourers from India to the Dutch <i>Colony of Surinam</i></a>, the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TIv5LQEACAAJ">Accession of the Dutch <i>colonies of Curaçao and Surinam</i> to the International Union for the Protection of Industrial Property</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This is e.g. how Jan Jacob Hartsinck uses the term in his <i>Beschryving van Guiana, of de wilde kust in Zuid-America</i> (<a href="#CITEREFHartsinck1770">Hartsinck 1770</a>, pp. 257).</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriname_(Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHartsinck1770" class="citation cs2">Hartsinck, J.J. (1770), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/hart038besc01_01/hart038besc01_01_0024.php"><i>Beschryving van Guiana, of de wilde kust in Zuid-America</i></a>, Amsterdam: Gerrit Tielenburg</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Beschryving+van+Guiana%2C+of+de+wilde+kust+in+Zuid-America&rft.place=Amsterdam&rft.pub=Gerrit+Tielenburg&rft.date=1770&rft.aulast=Hartsinck&rft.aufirst=J.J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dbnl.org%2Ftekst%2Fhart038besc01_01%2Fhart038besc01_01_0024.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuriname+%28Kingdom+of+the+Netherlands%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeel1999" class="citation book cs1">Meel, P. (1999). <i>Tussen autonomie en onafhankelijkheid. Nederlands-Surinaamse betrekkingen 1954–1961</i>. Leiden: KITLV.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tussen+autonomie+en+onafhankelijkheid.+Nederlands-Surinaamse+betrekkingen+1954%E2%80%931961&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pub=KITLV&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Meel&rft.aufirst=P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuriname+%28Kingdom+of+the+Netherlands%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOostindieKlinkers2003" class="citation book cs1">Oostindie, G.; Klinkers, I. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ISBN9789053566541"><i>Decolonising the Caribbean; Dutch policies in a comparative perspective</i></a>. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9053566546" title="Special:BookSources/9053566546"><bdi>9053566546</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Decolonising+the+Caribbean%3B+Dutch+policies+in+a+comparative+perspective&rft.place=Amsterdam&rft.pub=Amsterdam+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9053566546&rft.aulast=Oostindie&rft.aufirst=G.&rft.au=Klinkers%2C+I.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DISBN9789053566541&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuriname+%28Kingdom+of+the+Netherlands%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Online">Online</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriname_(Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Suriname_topics" title="Template:Suriname topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Suriname_topics" title="Template talk:Suriname topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Suriname_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Suriname topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Suriname_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Suriname" title="Outline of Suriname">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Suriname" title="History of Suriname">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Suriname" title="List of colonial governors of Suriname">Colonial governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chairmen_of_the_Estates_of_Suriname" title="List of chairmen of the Estates of Suriname">Chairmen of the Estates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands_Armed_Forces_in_Suriname" title="Netherlands Armed Forces in Suriname">Colonial forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinam_(Dutch_colony)" title="Surinam (Dutch colony)">Colony of Surinam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Suriname" title="Society of Suriname">Society of Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriname_during_World_War_II" title="Suriname during World War II">World War II</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Within the Kingdom of the Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Surinamese_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1980 Surinamese coup d'état">1980 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Military_Council_(Suriname)" title="National Military Council (Suriname)">National Military Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_murders" title="December murders">December murders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinamese_Interior_War" title="Surinamese Interior War">Interior War <span style="font-size:85%;">(1986–1992)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Surinamese_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1990 Surinamese coup d'état">1990 coup d'état</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname" title="Coat of arms of Suriname"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg/90px-Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg/135px-Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg/180px-Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="664" data-file-height="559" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Suriname" title="Geography of Suriname">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Suriname" title="List of cities and towns in Suriname">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental issues in Suriname">Environmental issues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Suriname" title="Climate change in Suriname">Climate change</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Fauna of Suriname">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Flora of Suriname">Flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_of_Suriname" title="Biodiversity of Suriname">Biodiversity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Protected areas of Suriname">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Suriname" title="Category:World Heritage Sites in Suriname">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Suriname" title="Politics of Suriname">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative divisions of Suriname">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Suriname" title="Constitution of Suriname">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Suriname" title="Elections in Suriname">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Suriname" title="Foreign relations of Suriname">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Suriname" title="Human rights in Suriname">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Suriname">LGBT rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Suriname" title="Law enforcement in Suriname">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriname_National_Army" title="Suriname National Army">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commander_of_the_Armed_Forces_(Suriname)" title="Commander of the Armed Forces (Suriname)">Commander</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Suriname)" title="National Assembly (Suriname)">National Assembly</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chairmen_of_the_National_Assembly_of_Suriname" title="List of chairmen of the National Assembly of Suriname">Chairman</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Suriname" title="List of political parties in Suriname">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Suriname" title="President of Suriname">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Suriname" title="Vice President of Suriname">Vice President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Suriname" title="List of prime ministers of Suriname">Prime Minister <span style="font-size:85%;">(defunct)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_deputy_prime_ministers_of_Suriname" title="List of deputy prime ministers of Suriname">Deputy Prime Minister <span style="font-size:85%;">(defunct)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_Justice_of_Suriname" title="High Court of Justice of Suriname">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Court_of_Suriname" title="Constitutional Court of Suriname">Constitutional Court</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Suriname" title="Economy of Suriname">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Suriname" title="Agriculture in Suriname">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Suriname" title="List of companies of Suriname">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinamese_dollar" title="Surinamese dollar">Dollar <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Energy_in_Suriname&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Energy in Suriname (page does not exist)">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_industry_of_Suriname" title="Mining industry of Suriname">Mining industry</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Science_and_technology_in_Suriname&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Science and technology in Suriname (page does not exist)">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Suriname" title="Telecommunications in Suriname">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Suriname" title="Transport in Suriname">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Suriname" title="Category:Society of Suriname">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Suriname" title="Crime in Suriname">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Suriname" title="Demographics of Suriname">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Suriname" title="Education in Suriname">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Suriname" title="Health in Suriname">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Suriname">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinamese_people" title="Surinamese people">People</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Surinamese_people" title="List of Surinamese people">list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_in_Suriname" title="Indigenous peoples in Suriname">indigenous</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Suriname" title="Religion in Suriname">Religion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Suriname" title="Culture of Suriname">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_zij_met_ons_Suriname" title="God zij met ons Suriname">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname" title="Coat of arms of Suriname">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinamese_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Surinamese cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Suriname" title="Flag of Suriname">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinamese_literature" title="Surinamese literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Suriname" title="Music of Suriname">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Public holidays in Suriname">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport in Suriname">Sport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Suriname" title="Outline of Suriname">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Suriname" title="Outline of Suriname">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Suriname" title="Category:Suriname">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Suriname" title="Portal:Suriname">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dutch_colonial_empire" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dutch_colonies" title="Template:Dutch colonies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dutch_colonies" title="Template talk:Dutch colonies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dutch_colonies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dutch colonies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dutch_colonial_empire" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dutch_colonial_empire" title="Dutch colonial empire">Dutch colonial empire</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Colonies_and_trading_posts_of_the_Dutch_East_India_Company_(1602–1798)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Colonies and trading posts of the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_India_Company" title="Dutch East India Company">Dutch East India Company</a> (1602–1798)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Governorate General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batavia,_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Batavia, Dutch East Indies">Batavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Governorates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_Ambon" title="Governorate of Ambon">Ambon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_the_Banda_Islands" title="Governorate of the Banda Islands">Banda Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Cape_Colony" title="Dutch Cape Colony">Cape Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Celebes" title="Dutch Celebes">Celebes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Ceylon" title="Dutch Ceylon">Ceylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Coromandel" title="Dutch Coromandel">Coromandel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Formosa" title="Dutch Formosa">Formosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Malacca" title="Dutch Malacca">Malacca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maluku_Islands#Dutch" title="Maluku Islands">Moluccas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semarang#History" title="Semarang">Northeast coast of Java</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Directorates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Bengal" title="Dutch Bengal">Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandar_Abbas" title="Bandar Abbas">Persia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Suratte" title="Dutch Suratte">Suratte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commandments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banten_(town)" title="Banten (town)">Bantam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Malabar" title="Dutch Malabar">Malabar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padang" title="Padang">West coast of Sumatra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Residency_(administrative_division)" title="Residency (administrative division)">Residencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banten_(town)" title="Banten (town)">Bantam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banjarmasin" title="Banjarmasin">Banjarmasin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batavia,_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Batavia, Dutch East Indies">Batavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cirebon" title="Cirebon">Cheribon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Malang" class="mw-redirect" title="Greater Malang">Malang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palembang" title="Palembang">Palembang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parahyangan" title="Parahyangan">Preanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontianak,_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontianak, Indonesia">Pontianak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Opperhoofd" title="Opperhoofd">Opperhoofd</a> settlements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Canton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dejima" title="Dejima">Dejima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Mauritius" title="Dutch Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayutthaya_Kingdom#Contacts_with_the_West" title="Ayutthaya Kingdom">Siam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Timor" title="West Timor">Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonkin" title="Tonkin">Tonkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BB%8Bnh%E2%80%93Nguy%E1%BB%85n_War" title="Trịnh–Nguyễn War">Vietnam (1637–1643)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Colonies_and_trading_posts_of_the_Dutch_West_India_Company_(1621–1792)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Colonies and trading posts of the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_West_India_Company" title="Dutch West India Company">Dutch West India Company</a> (1621–1792)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Colonies in the Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berbice" title="Berbice">Berbice</a> <sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Brazil" title="Dutch Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayenne_(Dutch_colony)" title="Cayenne (Dutch colony)">Cayenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao_and_Dependencies" class="mw-redirect" title="Curaçao and Dependencies">Curaçao and Dependencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demerara" title="Demerara">Demerara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essequibo_(colony)" title="Essequibo (colony)">Essequibo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Netherland" title="New Netherland">New Netherland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomeroon_(colony)" title="Pomeroon (colony)">Pomeroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSS_islands" title="SSS islands">Sint Eustatius and Dependencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinam_(Dutch_colony)" title="Surinam (Dutch colony)">Surinam</a> <sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobago" title="Tobago">Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Virgin_Islands" title="Dutch Virgin Islands">Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trading posts in Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arguin" title="Arguin">Arguin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Gold_Coast" title="Dutch Gold Coast">Gold Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Loango-Angola" title="Dutch Loango-Angola">Loango-Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegambia_(Dutch_West_India_Company)" title="Senegambia (Dutch West India Company)">Senegambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Slave_Coast" title="Dutch Slave Coast">Slave Coast</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup><small>1</small></sup> Governed by the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Berbice" title="Society of Berbice">Society of Berbice</a></li> <li><sup><small>2</small></sup> Governed by the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Suriname" title="Society of Suriname">Society of Suriname</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Settlements_of_the_Noordsche_Compagnie_(1614–1642)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Settlements of the <a href="/wiki/Noordsche_Compagnie" title="Noordsche Compagnie">Noordsche Compagnie</a> (1614–1642)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Settlements" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Settlements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Mayen" title="Jan Mayen">Jan Mayen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smeerenburg" title="Smeerenburg">Smeerenburg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Colonies_of_the_Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands_(1815–1975)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Colonies of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands">Kingdom of the Netherlands</a> (1815–1975)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Until 1825</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Bengal" title="Dutch Bengal">Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Coromandel" title="Dutch Coromandel">Coromandel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Malacca" title="Dutch Malacca">Malacca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Suratte" title="Dutch Suratte">Suratte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Until 1853</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dejima" title="Dejima">Dejima</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Until 1872</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Gold_Coast" title="Dutch Gold Coast">Gold Coast</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Until 1949</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch East Indies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Until 1954</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao_and_Dependencies" class="mw-redirect" title="Curaçao and Dependencies">Curaçao and Dependencies</a> <sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinam_(Dutch_colony)" title="Surinam (Dutch colony)">Surinam</a> <sup><small>3</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Until 1962</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_New_Guinea" title="Dutch New Guinea">New Guinea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup><small>3</small></sup> <span class="wrap">Became <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands#Constituent_countries" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands">constituent countries</a> of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Suriname</a> gained <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">full independence</a> in 1975, Curaçao and Dependencies was renamed to the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands_Antilles" title="Netherlands Antilles">Netherlands Antilles</a>, which was eventually dissolved in 2010.</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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