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Planet – Wikipedia

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cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Historie</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Babylon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Babylon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Babylon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Babylon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gresk-romersk_astronomi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gresk-romersk_astronomi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Gresk-romersk astronomi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gresk-romersk_astronomi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>India</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middelalderens_islamske_astronomi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middelalderens_islamske_astronomi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Middelalderens islamske astronomi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middelalderens_islamske_astronomi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europeisk_renessanse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europeisk_renessanse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Europeisk renessanse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europeisk_renessanse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-19._århundre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19._århundre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>19. århundre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19._århundre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20._århundre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20._århundre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>20. århundre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20._århundre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21._århundre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21._århundre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>21. århundre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21._århundre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Definisjonen_av_eksoplaneter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definisjonen_av_eksoplaneter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8.1</span> <span>Definisjonen av eksoplaneter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definisjonen_av_eksoplaneter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2006-definisjonen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2006-definisjonen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8.2</span> <span>2006-definisjonen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2006-definisjonen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tidligere_klassifiseringer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tidligere_klassifiseringer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9</span> <span>Tidligere klassifiseringer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tidligere_klassifiseringer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mytologi_og_navngivelse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mytologi_og_navngivelse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Mytologi og navngivelse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mytologi_og_navngivelse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dannelse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dannelse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Dannelse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dannelse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Solsystemet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Solsystemet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Solsystemet</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Solsystemet-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Solsystemet</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Solsystemet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Planetegenskaper" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Planetegenskaper"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Planetegenskaper</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Planetegenskaper-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksoplaneter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksoplaneter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Eksoplaneter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksoplaneter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Objekter_med_planetmasse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Objekter_med_planetmasse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Objekter med planetmasse</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Objekter_med_planetmasse-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Objekter med planetmasse</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Objekter_med_planetmasse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Interstellare_planeter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interstellare_planeter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Interstellare planeter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interstellare_planeter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sub-brune_dverger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sub-brune_dverger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Sub-brune dverger</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sub-brune_dverger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tidligere_stjerner" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tidligere_stjerner"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Tidligere stjerner</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tidligere_stjerner-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Satellittplaneter_og_belteplaneter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Satellittplaneter_og_belteplaneter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Satellittplaneter og belteplaneter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Satellittplaneter_og_belteplaneter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Egenskaper" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Egenskaper"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Egenskaper</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Egenskaper-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Egenskaper</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Egenskaper-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dynamiske_egenskaper" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dynamiske_egenskaper"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Dynamiske egenskaper</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dynamiske_egenskaper-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bane" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bane"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.1</span> <span>Bane</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bane-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aksehelning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aksehelning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.2</span> <span>Aksehelning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aksehelning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rotasjon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rotasjon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.3</span> <span>Rotasjon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rotasjon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Banerydding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Banerydding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.4</span> <span>Banerydding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Banerydding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fysiske_egenskaper" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fysiske_egenskaper"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Fysiske egenskaper</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fysiske_egenskaper-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Masse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Masse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2.1</span> <span>Masse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Masse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indre_differensiering" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indre_differensiering"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2.2</span> <span>Indre differensiering</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indre_differensiering-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Atmosfære" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Atmosfære"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2.3</span> <span>Atmosfære</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Atmosfære-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Magnetosfære" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Magnetosfære"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2.4</span> <span>Magnetosfære</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Magnetosfære-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sekundæregenskaper" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sekundæregenskaper"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Sekundæregenskaper</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sekundæregenskaper-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fotnoter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fotnoter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Fotnoter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fotnoter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referanser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referanser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Referanser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referanser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Litteratur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Litteratur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Litteratur</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Litteratur-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Litteratur</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Litteratur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Artikler" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Artikler"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Artikler</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Artikler-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bøker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bøker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Bøker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bøker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nettsider" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nettsider"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Nettsider</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nettsider-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_lenker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_lenker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Eksterne lenker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_lenker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Planet</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 230 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-230" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">230 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – norsk nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norsk nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gongustj%C3%B8rnur" title="Gongustjørnur – færøysk" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Gongustjørnur" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="færøysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reikistjarna" title="Reikistjarna – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Reikistjarna" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Planeet" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – sveitsertysk" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="sveitsertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%95%E1%88%8B%E1%8A%94%E1%89%B5" title="ፕላኔት – amharisk" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ፕላኔት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaaneet" title="Plaaneet – enaresamisk" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Plaaneet" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="enaresamisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dweligende_tungol" title="Dweligende tungol – gammelengelsk" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Dweligende tungol" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="gammelengelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83%D8%A8" title="كوكب – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كوكب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – aragonsk" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A6%DC%A0%DC%9D%DC%9B%DC%90" title="ܦܠܝܛܐ – arameisk" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܦܠܝܛܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="arameisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Մոլորակներ – vestarmensk" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Մոլորակներ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="vestarmensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet%C3%A2" title="Planetâ – aromansk" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Planetâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A8ta" title="Planèta – arpitansk" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Planèta" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="arpitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%B9" title="গ্ৰহ – assamesisk" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="গ্ৰহ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – avadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="avadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yv%C3%B3ra" title="Yvóra – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Yvóra" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B2%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DA%AF%D9%86" title="گزه‌گن – søraserbajdsjansk" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="گزه‌گن" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="søraserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A9t" title="Planét – balinesisk" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Planét" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9" title="গ্রহ – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গ্রহ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palanit" title="Palanit – banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Palanit" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/He%CC%8Dk-chhe%E2%81%BF" title="He̍k-chheⁿ – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="He̍k-chheⁿ" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – basjkirsk" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="basjkirsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Плянэта – belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Плянэта" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – bihari" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="bihari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – sentralbikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="sentralbikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – bairisk" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bairisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8D" title="གཡོ་སྐར། – tibetansk" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="གཡོ་སྐར།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmerket artikkel-merke"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planedenn" title="Planedenn – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Planedenn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Гараг – burjatisk" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Гараг" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="burjatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – tsjuvasjisk" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tsjuvasjisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chindeya" title="Chindeya – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chindeya" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanya" title="Chanya – tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Chanya" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planed" title="Planed – walisisk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Planed" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83%D8%A8" title="كوكب – marokkansk-arabisk" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="كوكب" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="marokkansk-arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planehta" title="Planehta – nordsamisk" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Planehta" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="nordsamisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8E%DE%AA%DE%83%DE%A6%DE%80%DE%A6" title="ގުރަހަ – divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ގުރަހަ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Planeet" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Πλανήτης – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πλανήτης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianaid" title="Pianaid – emiliano-romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Pianaid" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="emiliano-romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmerket artikkel-merke"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Чарытеште – erzia" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Чарытеште" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planedo" title="Planedo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Planedo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praneta" title="Praneta – ekstremaduransk" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Praneta" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="ekstremaduransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmerket artikkel-merke"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="سیاره – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیاره" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grah" title="Grah – fijiansk hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Grah" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="fijiansk hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A8te" title="Planète – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Planète" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet – vestfrisisk" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Planeet" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vestfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – friuliansk" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friuliansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pl%C3%A1in%C3%A9ad" title="Pláinéad – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Pláinéad" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planaid" title="Planaid – mansk" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Planaid" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planaid" title="Planaid – skotsk-gælisk" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Planaid" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotsk-gælisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Дуне – ingusjisk" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Дуне" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingusjisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B9" title="ગ્રહ – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ગ્રહ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A0ng-s%C3%AAn" title="Hàng-sên – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Hàng-sên" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3" title="Һариг – kalmukkisk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Һариг" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmukkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%96%89%EC%84%B1" title="행성 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="행성" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duniyoyi" title="Duniyoyi – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Duniyoyi" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C5%8Dk%C5%AB_hele" title="Hōkū hele – hawaiisk" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Hōkū hele" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawaiisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF" title="Մոլորակ – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մոլորակ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeto" title="Planeto – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Planeto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbara_ala" title="Mbara ala – ibo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Mbara ala" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="ibo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmerket artikkel-merke"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planete" title="Planete – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Planete" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ullugiaq" title="Ullugiaq – inupiak" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Ullugiaq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="inupiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Планетæ – ossetisk" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Планетæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umzulane" title="Umzulane – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Umzulane" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="anbefalt artikkel-merke"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianeta" title="Pianeta – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pianeta" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%91_%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%AA" title="כוכב לכת – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כוכב לכת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planit" title="Planit – javanesisk" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Planit" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B9" title="ಗ್ರಹ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗ್ರಹ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmerket artikkel-merke"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90" title="პლანეტა – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პლანეტა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%9B%DB%81%D9%8F%D8%AF" title="گرٛہُد – kasjmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="گرٛہُد" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kasjmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ғаламшар – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ғаламшар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – kornisk" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayari" title="Sayari – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sayari" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Планет – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Планет" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mweta" title="Mweta – kikongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Mweta" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="kikongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A8t" title="Planèt – haitisk" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Planèt" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A8t" title="Planèt – franskguyansk kreol" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Planèt" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="franskguyansk kreol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerst%C3%AArk" title="Gerstêrk – kurdisk" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Gerstêrk" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – kirgisisk" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – ladinsk" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="ladinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A7%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%B0" title="ດາວເຄາະ – laotisk" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ດາວເຄາະ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laotisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C4%93ta" title="Planēta – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Planēta" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A9it" title="Planéit – luxemburgsk" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Planéit" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – lesgisk" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lesgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet – limburgsk" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Planeet" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monz%C9%94%CC%81t%C9%94_mwa_mal%C3%ADli" title="Monzɔ́tɔ mwa malíli – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Monzɔ́tɔ mwa malíli" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/plini" title="plini – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="plini" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianeta" title="Pianeta – lombardisk" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Pianeta" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolyg%C3%B3" title="Bolygó – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bolygó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fajiry" title="Fajiry – gassisk" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fajiry" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="gassisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%82" title="ഗ്രഹം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗ്രഹം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjaneta" title="Pjaneta – maltesisk" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Pjaneta" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90" title="პლანეტა – mingrelsk" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="პლანეტა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83%D8%A8" title="كوكب – egyptisk arabisk" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كوكب" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%87_(%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85)" title="گردله (نجوم) – mazandarani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="گردله (نجوم)" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8A%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A4_(%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%86%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%A1%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9C)" title="ꯊꯄꯤ (ꯈꯦꯟꯆꯣꯡꯂꯣꯜ) – manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯊꯄꯤ (ꯈꯦꯟꯆꯣꯡꯂꯣꯜ)" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%C3%A0ng-s%C4%ADng" title="Giàng-sĭng – mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Giàng-sĭng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – mirandesisk" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Гараг – mongolsk" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Гараг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9F%E1%80%BA" title="ဂြိုဟ် – burmesisk" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂြိုဟ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citlaltlalli" title="Citlaltlalli – nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Citlaltlalli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veivuravura" title="Veivuravura – fijiansk" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Veivuravura" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fijiansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Planeet" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet – nedersaksisk" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Planeet" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="nedersaksisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%83" title="गरः – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="गरः" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%83%91%E6%98%9F" title="惑星 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="惑星" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chianeta" title="Chianeta – napolitansk" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Chianeta" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Сайрат – tsjetsjensk" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Сайрат" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tsjetsjensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeete" title="Planeete – nordfrisisk" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Planeete" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaanet" title="Plaanet – pitkairnsk" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Plaanet" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="pitkairnsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plian%C3%A8te" title="Plianète – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Plianète" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planete" title="Planete – novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Planete" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – oksitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Планете – østmarisk" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Планете" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="østmarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%97%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%B9" title="ଗ୍ରହ – odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଗ୍ରହ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilaaneetoota" title="Pilaaneetoota – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Pilaaneetoota" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayyora" title="Sayyora – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sayyora" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF" title="ਗ੍ਰਹਿ – panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗ੍ਰਹਿ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – palatintysk" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="palatintysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="سیارا – vestpunjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سیارا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="vestpunjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8F" title="ဂျိုလ်ႏ – pa&#039;o" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဂျိုလ်ႏ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="pa&#039;o" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="سياره – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سياره" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planit" title="Planit – jamaicansk kreolengelsk" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Planit" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="jamaicansk kreolengelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%96" title="ភព – khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ភព" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A8te" title="Planète – pikardisk" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Planète" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="pikardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianeta" title="Pianeta – piemontesisk" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Pianeta" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – nedertysk" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="nedertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – karakalpakisk" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seyyare" title="Seyyare – krimtatarisk" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Seyyare" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="krimtatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet_(A%C3%9Ftronomie)" title="Planet (Aßtronomie) – kølnsk" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Planet (Aßtronomie)" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="kølnsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet%C4%83" title="Planetă – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Planetă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiyaron" title="Shiyaron – valakisk romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Shiyaron" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="valakisk romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – retoromansk" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="retoromansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiqsimuyuhina" title="Tiqsimuyuhina – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Tiqsimuyuhina" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – rusinsk" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%9E" title="ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%92" title="سیارے – saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="سیارے" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praneta" title="Praneta – sardisk" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Praneta" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – skotsk" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – saterfrisisk" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polanete" title="Polanete – sør-sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Polanete" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="sør-sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeti" title="Planeti – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Planeti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmerket artikkel-merke"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianeta" title="Pianeta – siciliansk" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Pianeta" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%9A" title="ග්‍රහලෝක – singalesisk" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ග්‍රහලෝක" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A9ta" title="Planéta – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Planéta" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планита – kirkeslavisk" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Планита" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="kirkeslavisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – schlesisk" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="schlesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meere" title="Meere – somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Meere" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%95" title="ھەسارە – sentralkurdisk" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھەسارە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sentralkurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bintang" title="Bintang – sundanesisk" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Bintang" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeetta" title="Planeetta – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Planeetta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="கோள் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கோள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itrikli" title="Itrikli – kabylsk" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Itrikli" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabylsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – tatarisk" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B0%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88" title="လူၵ်ႈ – shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="လူၵ်ႈ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%82" title="గ్రహం – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గ్రహం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C" title="ดาวเคราะห์ – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดาวเคราะห์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%91%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Сайёра – tadsjikisk" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Сайёра" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadsjikisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B9" title="ಗ್ರಹ – tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಗ್ರಹ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gezegen" title="Gezegen – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gezegen" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – turkmensk" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%CC%B1lanet" title="Pi̱lanet – tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Pi̱lanet" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – udmurtisk" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurtisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%81" title="سیارہ – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سیارہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%95%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%95" title="سەييارە – uigurisk" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="سەييارە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigurisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndaundeiqbyaij" title="Ndaundeiqbyaij – zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Ndaundeiqbyaij" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianeta" title="Pianeta – venetiansk" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Pianeta" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetiansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – vepsisk" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepsisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmerket artikkel-merke"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A0nh_tinh" title="Hành tinh – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hành tinh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – volapyk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hod%27ot%C3%A4ht" title="Hod&#039;otäht – sørestisk" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Hod&#039;otäht" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="sørestisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bole_(astronomeye)" title="Bole (astronomeye) – vallonsk" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Bole (astronomeye)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星 – klassisk kinesisk" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="行星" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="klassisk kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planete" title="Planete – vestflamsk" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Planete" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="vestflamsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – waray-waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray-waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="行星" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A2%D7%98" title="פלאנעט – jiddisk" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פלאנעט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pl%C3%A1n%E1%BA%B9%CC%81t%C3%AC" title="Plánẹ́tì – joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Plánẹ́tì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="行星" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geyren%C4%B1k" title="Geyrenık – dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Geyrenık" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planete" title="Planete – zeeuws" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Planete" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="zeeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – samogitisk" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="行星" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bintang_ider" title="Bintang ider – betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Bintang ider" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polanet" title="Polanet – mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Polanet" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%A1%E2%B4%B3" title="ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ – standard marrokansk tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="standard marrokansk tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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class="noprint">Fra Wikipedia, den frie encyklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nb" dir="ltr"><div class="hatnote dablink noexcerpt">«Planet» har <a href="/wiki/Planet_(andre_betydninger)" class="mw-disambig" title="Planet (andre betydninger)">flere betydninger</a>.</div> <div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:224px;max-width:224px"><div class="tsingle" style="margin:1px;width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbbilde"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:1e7m_comparison_Uranus_Neptune_Sirius_B_Earth_Venus.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/1e7m_comparison_Uranus_Neptune_Sirius_B_Earth_Venus.png/220px-1e7m_comparison_Uranus_Neptune_Sirius_B_Earth_Venus.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/1e7m_comparison_Uranus_Neptune_Sirius_B_Earth_Venus.png/330px-1e7m_comparison_Uranus_Neptune_Sirius_B_Earth_Venus.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/1e7m_comparison_Uranus_Neptune_Sirius_B_Earth_Venus.png/440px-1e7m_comparison_Uranus_Neptune_Sirius_B_Earth_Venus.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="margin:1px;width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbbilde"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png/220px-1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png/330px-1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png/440px-1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="clear:left;text-align:left">Objekter med planetstørrelser (i skala):<br />Øverste rad: <a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a> og <a href="/wiki/Neptun_(planet)" title="Neptun (planet)">Neptun</a>; <br />Andre rad: <a href="/wiki/Jorden" title="Jorden">jorden</a>, den <a href="/wiki/Hvit_dverg" title="Hvit dverg">hvite dvergstjernen</a> <a href="/wiki/Sirius#Sirius_B" title="Sirius">Sirius B</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a>; <br />nederste rad (reprodusert og forstørret i nedre bilde) – <br />Øverst: <a href="/wiki/Mars_(planet)" title="Mars (planet)">Mars</a> og <a href="/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur">Merkur</a>; <br />Nederst: <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A5nen" title="Månen">månen</a> og <a href="/wiki/Dvergplanet" title="Dvergplanet">dvergplanetene</a> <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a> og <a href="/wiki/Haumea" title="Haumea">Haumea</a></div></div></div> <p>En <b>planet</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> er et <a href="/wiki/Himmellegeme" title="Himmellegeme">himmellegeme</a> som går i <a href="/wiki/Bane" title="Bane">bane</a> rundt en <a href="/wiki/Stjerne" title="Stjerne">stjerne</a> eller en <a href="/wiki/Stjerneutvikling#Stjernerest" title="Stjerneutvikling">stjernerest</a>. Den har stor nok masse til at dens egen <a href="/wiki/Tyngdekraft" title="Tyngdekraft">gravitasjon</a> har gjort den tilnærmet rund, men ikke så mye masse at det forårsaker <a href="/wiki/Kjernefysisk_fusjon" title="Kjernefysisk fusjon">kjernefysisk fusjon</a>. Den har også ryddet «nabolaget» for <a href="/wiki/Planetesimal" title="Planetesimal">planetesimaler</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Planetdefinisjon_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Planetdefinisjon-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIAU,_&#39;&#39;Result_of_the_IAU_Resolution_votes&#39;&#39;_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIAU,_&#39;&#39;Result_of_the_IAU_Resolution_votes&#39;&#39;-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIAU,_&#39;&#39;Working_Group&#39;&#39;_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIAU,_&#39;&#39;Working_Group&#39;&#39;-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Begrepet <i>planet</i> er gammelt, med bånd til <a href="/wiki/Historie" title="Historie">historie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vitenskap" title="Vitenskap">vitenskap</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mytologi" title="Mytologi">mytologi</a> og <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religion</a>. Planetene ble sett på som guddommelige eller utsendte av <a href="/wiki/Gud" title="Gud">guddommer</a> i mange tidlige kulturer. Den <a href="/wiki/Empiri" title="Empiri">empiriske</a> <a href="/wiki/Naturvitenskap" title="Naturvitenskap">naturvitenskapen</a> endret denne oppfatningen. </p><p>I det andre århundre e.Kr. trodde den gresk-romerske astronomen <a href="/wiki/Klaudios_Ptolemaios" title="Klaudios Ptolemaios">Ptolemaios</a> at planetene gikk i bane rundt jorden i <a href="/wiki/Episyklus" title="Episyklus">episykluser</a>. Tanken om at <a href="/wiki/Heliosentrisme" title="Heliosentrisme">planetene gikk i bane rundt solen</a> hadde blitt foreslått en rekke ganger; på 1600-tallet beviste <a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo Galilei</a> dette for første gang gjennom observasjoner ved hjelp av teleskop. I 1605 påviste <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kepler" title="Johannes Kepler">Johannes Kepler</a>, gjennom <a href="/wiki/Keplers_lover_for_planetenes_bevegelser" class="mw-redirect" title="Keplers lover for planetenes bevegelser">lovene for planetenes bevegelser</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Kepler_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kepler-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> at banene ikke var sirkulære, men <a href="/wiki/Ellipse" title="Ellipse">elliptiske</a>. Bedre hjelpemidler til observasjoner avslørte at planeter roterte rundt <a href="/wiki/Aksehelning" title="Aksehelning">skråstilte akser</a>, liksom jorden, og at noen hadde <a href="/wiki/Iskappe" class="mw-redirect" title="Iskappe">iskapper</a> og <a href="/wiki/%C3%85rstid" title="Årstid">årstider</a>. I <a href="/wiki/Romalderen" title="Romalderen">romalderen</a> har nære observasjoner med <a href="/wiki/Romsonde" title="Romsonde">sonder</a> avdekket at jorden og de andre planetene deler egenskaper som <a href="/wiki/Vulkan" title="Vulkan">vulkanisme</a>, <a href="/wiki/Storm" title="Storm">stormer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Platetektonikk" title="Platetektonikk">tektonikk</a> og <a href="/wiki/Hydrologi" title="Hydrologi">hydrologi</a>. </p><p>I 2006 vedtok <a href="/wiki/Den_internasjonale_astronomiske_union" title="Den internasjonale astronomiske union">Den internasjonale astronomiske union</a> (IAU) en definisjon av planeter innenfor <a href="/wiki/Solsystemet" title="Solsystemet">solsystemet</a>. Den er omstridt fordi den ekskluderer mange objekter med <a href="#Objekter_med_planetmasse">planetmasser</a> &#8211; nemlig de største av <a href="/wiki/Gasskjempe" title="Gasskjempe">gasskjempenes</a> <a href="/wiki/Naturlig_satellitt" title="Naturlig satellitt">måner</a> og objekter som tilhører en populasjon. <a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dvergplanet)" title="Ceres (dvergplanet)">Ceres</a> og <a href="/wiki/4_Vesta" title="4 Vesta">4 Vesta</a> tilhører <a href="/wiki/Asteroidebeltet" title="Asteroidebeltet">asteroidebeltet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a> mistet planetstatusen etter at den ble kjent som tilhørende <a href="/wiki/Kuiperbeltet" title="Kuiperbeltet">Kuiperbeltet</a> utenfor <a href="/wiki/Neptun_(planet)" title="Neptun (planet)">Neptun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eris_(dvergplanet)" title="Eris (dvergplanet)">Eris</a> tilhører <a href="/wiki/Den_spredte_skiven" title="Den spredte skiven">den spredte skiven</a>, og det kan være så mange som 100 <a href="/wiki/Transneptunsk_objekt" title="Transneptunsk objekt">transneptunske objekter</a> med planetmasser. De tilhører en populasjon, klassifiseres som <a href="/wiki/Dvergplanet" title="Dvergplanet">dvergplaneter</a>, og hittil har fem fått denne statusen.<sup id="cite_ref-Dvergplaneter_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dvergplaneter-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Solsystemet inneholder også hundretusenvis av <a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%A5legemer_i_solsystemet" title="Smålegemer i solsystemet">smålegemer</a>. </p><p>Planeter er av to hovedtyper: store <a href="/wiki/Gasskjempe" title="Gasskjempe">gasskjemper</a> med lav tetthet, og mindre, steinete <a href="/wiki/Terrestrisk_planet" title="Terrestrisk planet">terrestriske planeter</a>. I solsystemet er det åtte planeter. I økende avstand fra <a href="/wiki/Solen" title="Solen">solen</a> er det de fire terrestriske planetene <a href="/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur">Merkur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jorden" title="Jorden">jorden</a> og <a href="/wiki/Mars_(planet)" title="Mars (planet)">Mars</a>, etterfulgt av de fire gasskjempene <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a> og <a href="/wiki/Neptun_(planet)" title="Neptun (planet)">Neptun</a>. Seks av planetene har én eller flere <a href="/wiki/Naturlig_satellitt" title="Naturlig satellitt">naturlige satellitter</a> i bane rundt seg. </p><p>Siden 1992 har det blitt oppdaget planeter rundt andre stjerner («<a href="/wiki/Eksoplanet" title="Eksoplanet">eksoplaneter</a>») i vår <a href="/wiki/Galakse" title="Galakse">galakse</a> <a href="/wiki/Melkeveien" title="Melkeveien">Melkeveien</a>. 20. desember 2011 rapporterte laget bak <a href="/wiki/Keplerteleskopet" title="Keplerteleskopet">Keplerteleskopet</a> om oppdagelsen av de første eksoplanetene på <a href="/wiki/Terrestrisk_planet" title="Terrestrisk planet">størrelse med jorden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kepler-20e" title="Kepler-20e">Kepler-20e</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler20e&#39;&#39;_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler20e&#39;&#39;-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> og <a href="/wiki/Kepler-20f" title="Kepler-20f">Kepler-20f</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler20f&#39;&#39;_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler20f&#39;&#39;-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> i bane rundt den sollignende stjernen <a href="/wiki/Kepler-20" title="Kepler-20">Kepler-20</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJohnson2011_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJohnson2011-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHand2011_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHand2011-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOverbye2011_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOverbye2011-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Den 17. april 2014 ble det rapportert om den første kjente jordlignende planeten innenfor den <a href="/wiki/Beboelig_sone" title="Beboelig sone">beboelige sonen</a>: <a href="/wiki/Kepler-186f" title="Kepler-186f">Kepler-186f</a> som går i bane rundt den <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B8d_dverg" title="Rød dverg">røde dvergen</a> <a href="/wiki/Kepler-186" title="Kepler-186">Kepler-186</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SCI-20140418_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCI-20140418-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Den 7. oktober 2015 var det kjent 12 slike planeter. </p><p>Per 3. mai 2023 er 5&#160;366 kjente eksoplaneter innenfor 3&#160;962 <a href="/wiki/Planetsystem" title="Planetsystem">planetsystemer</a> (hvorav 856 har mer enn én planet) oppført i <a href="/wiki/Extrasolar_Planets_Encyclopaedia" title="Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia">Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia</a> ved <a href="/wiki/Parisobservatoriet" title="Parisobservatoriet">Parisobservatoriet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneider2011_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneider2011-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Størrelsene varierer fra terrestriske planeter som jorden til planeter med 25 <a href="/wiki/Jupitermasse" title="Jupitermasse">jupitermasser</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneider2011_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneider2011-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Nettstedet <a href="/wiki/Exoplanet_Data_Explorer" title="Exoplanet Data Explorer">Exoplanet Data Explorer</a> ved <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a> inkluderer objekter på opp til 24 jupitermasser. Per 17. juli 2018 opererer det med 2&#160;954 bekreftede planeter og 2&#160;337 ubekreftede kandidater, eller totalt 5&#160;291 planeter.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Keplerteleskopets database omfatter per 19. oktober 2017 totalt 2&#160;330 bekreftede planeter og 4&#160;496 ubekreftede kandidater.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> En studie fra 2012 som analyserte data fra <a href="/wiki/Gravitasjonell_mikrolinsing" title="Gravitasjonell mikrolinsing">gravitasjonell mikrolinsing</a> anslo et gjennomsnitt på minst 1,6&#160;bundne planeter for hver stjerne i Melkeveien.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECassan2012167–169_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECassan2012167–169-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Astronomer ved <a href="/wiki/Harvard%E2%80%93Smithsonian_Center_for_Astrophysics" title="Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics">Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics</a> anslo i januar 2013 at det i melkeveien finnes «minst 17 milliarder» <a href="/wiki/Terrestrisk_planet" title="Terrestrisk planet">eksoplaneter på størrelse med jorden</a> (0,8–1,25 <a href="/wiki/Jordmasse" title="Jordmasse">jordmasser</a>), med omløpsperioder på 85 dager eller mindre.<sup id="cite_ref-Space-20130107_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Space-20130107-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Historie"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="utdypende-artikkel" style="padding-left:2em;"><i>Se også: <a href="/wiki/Astronomiens_historie" title="Astronomiens historie">Astronomiens historie</a>&#160;og <a href="/wiki/Planetdefinisjon" title="Planetdefinisjon">planetdefinisjon</a></i></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Ptolemaicsystem-small.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Ptolemaicsystem-small.png/250px-Ptolemaicsystem-small.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Ptolemaicsystem-small.png/375px-Ptolemaicsystem-small.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Ptolemaicsystem-small.png/500px-Ptolemaicsystem-small.png 2x" data-file-width="638" data-file-height="656" /></a><figcaption>Trykt versjon av en geosentrisk kosmologisk modell fra <i>Cosmographia</i>, Antwerpen, 1539</figcaption></figure> <p>Tankene om planetene har utviklet seg fra de guddommelige vandrende stjernene i antikken til de jordlige objektene i den vitenskapelige tidsalderen. Konseptet har utvidet seg til å inkludere verdener utenfor solsystemet, i mer enn tusen kjente ekstrasolare systemer. Flertydigheten i å definere planeter har ført til mange kontroverser. </p><p>De fem klassiske planetene som er synlige for det blotte øyet, har vært kjent siden antikken, og spilte en betydelig rolle for <a href="/wiki/Mytologi" title="Mytologi">mytologien</a>, religiøs kosmologi og antikkens <a href="/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi">astronomi</a>. I antikken merket astronomene seg hvordan enkelte lys beveget seg over himmelen i forhold til andre stjerner. Antikkens grekere kalte dem for <span lang="grc" dir="ltr" style="">πλάνητες ἀστέρες</span> (<span lang="grc" dir="ltr" style=""><i>planētes asteres</i></span>, <i>vandrende stjerner</i>) eller «<span lang="grc" dir="ltr" style="">πλανῆται</span>» (<span lang="grc" dir="ltr" style=""><i>planētai</i></span>, <i>vandrere</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELiddell–Scott1940_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELiddell–Scott1940-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> og ordet «planet» er avledet fra disse.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMerriam-Webster_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMerriam-Webster-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Oxford_English_Dictionary&#39;&#39;Planet_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Oxford_English_Dictionary&#39;&#39;Planet-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> I antikkens <a href="/wiki/Hellas" title="Hellas">Hellas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kina" title="Kina">Kina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Babylon" title="Babylon">Babylon</a>, og alle før-moderne sivilisasjoner,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeugebauer19451–38_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeugebauer19451–38-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERonan1996264–265_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERonan1996264–265-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> var det nesten allment akseptert at jorden var i <a href="/wiki/Geosentrisme" title="Geosentrisme">sentrum av universet</a> og at alle «planetene» sirklet rundt jorden. Stjernene og planetene syntes å gå rundt jorden hver dag,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuhn19575–20_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuhn19575–20-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> og den <a href="/wiki/Common_sense" class="mw-redirect" title="Common sense">alminnelige oppfatningen</a> var at jorden var fast og stabil og at den forholdt seg i ro. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Babylon">Babylon</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Babylon" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Babylon"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="utdypende-artikkel" style="padding-left:2em; font-style: italic;"> <p>Utdypende artikkel: <a href="/wiki/Babylonsk_astronomi" title="Babylonsk astronomi">Babylonsk astronomi</a> </p> </div> <p>Den første sivilisasjonen kjent å inneha en funksjonell teori om planetene var <a href="/wiki/Babylonia" title="Babylonia">babylonerne</a> som levde i <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a> i det første og andre årtusen f.Kr. <a href="/wiki/Ammi-saduqas_Venus-tavler" title="Ammi-saduqas Venus-tavler">Ammi-saduqas Venus-tavler</a> fra det 7. århundre f.Kr. er en kopi av en liste over observasjoner av planeten Venus' bevegelser som sannsynligvis daterer seg tilbake til så tidlig som det andre årtusen f.Kr.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans1998296–297_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans1998296–297-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> De to <a href="/wiki/Kileskrift" title="Kileskrift">kileskrifttabellene</a> <a href="/wiki/MUL.APIN" title="MUL.APIN">MUL.APIN</a> fra det 7. århundre f.Kr. gir en oversikt over bevegelsene til solen, månen og planeter over en tidsperiode på et år.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERochberg20001930_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERochberg20001930-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Enuma_anu_enlil" title="Enuma anu enlil">Enuma anu enlil</a></i>, skrevet i den nyassyriske perioden i det 7. århundre f.Kr., inneholder en liste over <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A6rtegn" title="Jærtegn">jærtegn</a> og forholdene med ulike himmelfenomener, inkludert bevegelsene til planetene.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHunger1992_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHunger1992-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELabert198793–96_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELabert198793–96-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKasak20017–35_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKasak20017–35-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur">Merkur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mars_(planet)" title="Mars (planet)">Mars</a> og de ytre planetene <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a> og <a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a> ble identifisert av babylonske astronomer, og forble de eneste kjente planetene frem til oppfinnelsen av <a href="/wiki/Teleskop" title="Teleskop">teleskopet</a> i tidlig moderne tid.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESachs197443–50_&#91;45_&amp;_48–9&#93;_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESachs197443–50_[45_&amp;_48–9]-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Babylonske astrologer la også grunnlaget for den vestlige <a href="/wiki/Astrologi" title="Astrologi">astrologien</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHolden19961_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHolden19961-30"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gresk-romersk_astronomi">Gresk-romersk astronomi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: Gresk-romersk astronomi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Gresk-romersk astronomi"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="utdypende-artikkel" style="padding-left:2em;"><i>Se også: <a href="/wiki/Gresk_astronomi" title="Gresk astronomi">Gresk astronomi</a></i></div> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; float:right; margin:10px"> <caption>Ptolemaios syv planetsfærer </caption> <tbody><tr style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"> <td>1<br />Månen<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Moon_decrescent_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Månen"><img alt="☾" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Moon_decrescent_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Moon_decrescent_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Moon_decrescent_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Moon_decrescent_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Moon_decrescent_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Moon_decrescent_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>2<br />Merkur<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Mercury_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Merkur"><img alt="☿" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>3<br />Venus<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Venus_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Venus"><img alt="♀" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>4<br />Solen<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Sun_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Solen"><img alt="☉" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Sun_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Sun_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Sun_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Sun_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Sun_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Sun_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>5<br />Mars<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Mars_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Mars"><img alt="♂" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>6<br />Jupiter<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Jupiter_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Jupiter"><img alt="♃" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>7<br />Saturn<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Saturn_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Saturn"><img alt="♄" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>De gamle grekerne koblet i utgangspunktet mindre betydning til planetene enn babylonerne. <a href="/wiki/Pytagoreerne" class="mw-redirect" title="Pytagoreerne">Pytagoreerne</a> ser ut til å ha utviklet sin egen planetteori i det 6. og 5. århundre f.Kr., hvor jorden, solen, månen og planeter roterte rundt en «sentral flamme» i sentrum av universet. <a href="/wiki/Pythagoras" class="mw-redirect" title="Pythagoras">Pythagoras</a> eller <a href="/wiki/Parmenides" title="Parmenides">Parmenides</a> sies å ha vært den første til å identifisere «aftenstjernen» og «morgenstjernen» (<a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a>) som ett og samme objekt.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurnet19507–11_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurnet19507–11-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> I det 3. århundre f.Kr. foreslo <a href="/wiki/Aristarkhos" title="Aristarkhos">Aristarkhos av Samos</a> et <a href="/wiki/Heliosentrisme" title="Heliosentrisme">heliosentrisk</a> system hvor jorden og planetene kretset rundt solen. Det geosentriske systemet forble imidlertid dominerende frem til <a href="/wiki/Den_vitenskapelige_revolusjonen" title="Den vitenskapelige revolusjonen">den vitenskapelige revolusjonen</a>. </p><p>I den <a href="/wiki/Hellenisme" title="Hellenisme">hellenistiske perioden</a> i det første århundre f.Kr. hadde grekerne begynt å utvikle sine egne matematiske skjemaer for å forutsi planetenes posisjoner. Disse skjemaene var basert på geometri fremfor det aritmetiske til babylonerne, og de overgikk babylonernes teorier i kompleksitet og omfang og stod for mesteparten av de astronomiske bevegelsene observert med det blotte øye. Teoriene kom til sitt fulle uttrykk i <i><a href="/wiki/Almagest" title="Almagest">Almagest</a></i> skrevet av <a href="/wiki/Klaudios_Ptolemaios" title="Klaudios Ptolemaios">Ptolemaios</a> i det andre århundre e.Kr. Verket erstattet alle tidligere verker om astronomi, og forble den definitive astronomiske teksten i den vestlige verden i over tretten århundrer.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans1998296–297_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans1998296–297-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldstein19971–12_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldstein19971–12-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> For grekerne og romerne fantes det syv kjente planeter, hver antatt å <a href="/wiki/Geosentrisme" title="Geosentrisme">gå i bane rundt jorden</a> i henhold til de komplekse lovene lagt ut av Ptolemaios. Disse var, i stigende rekkefølge fra jorden (i Ptolemaios' rekkefølge): månen, Merkur, Venus, <a href="/wiki/Solen" title="Solen">solen</a>, Mars, Jupiter og Saturn.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Oxford_English_Dictionary&#39;&#39;Planet_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Oxford_English_Dictionary&#39;&#39;Planet-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldstein19971–12_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldstein19971–12-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPtolemaios1998_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPtolemaios1998-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="India">India</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: India" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen India"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="utdypende-artikkel" style="padding-left:2em; font-style: italic;"> <p>Utdypende artikler: <a href="/wiki/Indisk_astronomi" title="Indisk astronomi">Indisk astronomi</a>&#160;og <a href="/wiki/Hinduistisk_kosmologi" title="Hinduistisk kosmologi">hinduistisk kosmologi</a> </p> </div> <p>I 499 e.Kr. la den indiske astronomen <a href="/wiki/Aryabhata" title="Aryabhata">Aryabhata</a> frem en planetmodell som eksplisitt innarbeidet <a href="/wiki/Jordrotasjonen" title="Jordrotasjonen">jordrotasjonen</a> rundt dens akse. Han forklarte den som en årsak til en tilsynelatende bevegelse av stjernene vestover. Han mente også at planetenes bane var <a href="/wiki/Ellipse" title="Ellipse">elliptiske</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO&#39;ConnorRobertson2000_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO&#39;ConnorRobertson2000-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Aryabhatas tilhengere var spesielt sterke i <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8r-India" title="Sør-India">Sør-India</a>, hvor hans prinsipper for daglig jordrotasjon, blant andre, ble fulgt og en rekke sekundære verk var basert på dem.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESarma1997116_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESarma1997116-35"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>I 1500 reviderte <a href="/wiki/Nilakantha_Somayaji" title="Nilakantha Somayaji">Nilakantha Somayaji</a> ved <a href="/wiki/Kerala-skolen_for_astronomi_og_matematikk" title="Kerala-skolen for astronomi og matematikk">Kerala-skolen for astronomi og matematikk</a> Aryabhatas modell i sitt verk <i><a href="/wiki/Tantrasamgraha" title="Tantrasamgraha">Tantrasamgraha</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERamasubramanian199811–31_&#91;23–4&#93;_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERamasubramanian199811–31_[23–4]-36"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> I verket <i>Aryabhatiyabhasya</i>, en kommentar til Aryabhatas <i>Aryabhatiya</i>, utviklet han en planetmodell hvor Merkur, Venus, Mars, Jupiter og Saturn gikk i bane rundt solen, som i sin tur gikk i bane rundt jorden. Dette tilsvarte det <a href="/wiki/Tychonisk_system" title="Tychonisk system">tychoniske systemet</a> som senere ble foreslått av <a href="/wiki/Tycho_Brahe" title="Tycho Brahe">Tycho Brahe</a> mot slutten av det 16. århundre. De fleste astronomene ved Kreala-skolen aksepterte hans planetmodell.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERamasubramanian199811–31_&#91;23–4&#93;_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERamasubramanian199811–31_[23–4]-36"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middelalderens_islamske_astronomi">Middelalderens islamske astronomi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: Middelalderens islamske astronomi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Middelalderens islamske astronomi"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="utdypende-artikkel" style="padding-left:2em; font-style: italic;"> <p>Utdypende artikler: <a href="/wiki/Islamsk_astronomi" title="Islamsk astronomi">Islamsk astronomi</a>&#160;og <a href="/wiki/Islamsk_kosmologi" title="Islamsk kosmologi">Islamsk kosmologi</a> </p> </div> <p>I det 11. århundre ble <a href="/wiki/Venuspassasje" title="Venuspassasje">venuspassasjen</a> observert av <a href="/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna">Avicenna</a> som fastslo at <a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a> var, i det minste noen ganger, under solen.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERagep2007570–572_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERagep2007570–572-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> I det 12. århundre observerte <a href="/wiki/Avempace" title="Avempace">Ibn Bajjah</a> «to planeter som sorte flekker foran solen». <a href="/wiki/Maragha-observatoriet" title="Maragha-observatoriet">Maragha</a>-astronomen <a href="/wiki/Qotb_al-Din_Shirazi" title="Qotb al-Din Shirazi">Qotb al-Din Shirazi</a> identifiserte dem i det 13. århundre som en <a href="/wiki/Merkurpassasje" title="Merkurpassasje">passasje av Merkur</a> og Venus.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERazaullah_Ansari2002137_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERazaullah_Ansari2002137-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ibn Bajja kunne likevel ikke ha observert noen venuspassasje siden ingen oppstod i løpet av hans levetid.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEspenak_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEspenak-39"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europeisk_renessanse">Europeisk renessanse</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Rediger avsnitt: Europeisk renessanse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Europeisk renessanse"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; float:right; margin:10px"> <caption>Renessansens planeter, ca. 1543–1781 </caption> <tbody><tr style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"> <td>1<br />Merkur<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Mercury_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Merkur"><img alt="☿" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>2<br />Venus<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Venus_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Venus"><img alt="♀" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>3<br />Jorden<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Earth_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Jorden"><img alt="🜨︎" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>4<br />Mars<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Mars_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Mars"><img alt="♂" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>5<br />Jupiter<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Jupiter_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Jupiter"><img alt="♃" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>6<br />Saturn<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Saturn_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Saturn"><img alt="♄" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="utdypende-artikkel" style="padding-left:2em;"><i>Se også: <a href="/wiki/Heliosentrisme" title="Heliosentrisme">Heliosentrisme</a></i></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Den_vitenskapelige_revolusjonen" title="Den vitenskapelige revolusjonen">Den vitenskapelige revolusjonen</a> endret forståelsen av begrepet «planet» fra noe som beveget seg over himmelen i forhold til <a href="/wiki/Fiksstjerne" title="Fiksstjerne">stjernefelt</a> til et legeme som gikk i bane rundt jorden (eller som ble antatt å gjøre det), og i det 16. århundre til noe som gikk direkte i bane rundt solen da den <a href="/wiki/Heliosentrisme" title="Heliosentrisme">heliosentriske modellen</a> til <a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Kopernikus" title="Nikolaus Kopernikus">Kopernikus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galilei</a> og <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kepler" title="Johannes Kepler">Kepler</a> fikk herredømme. </p><p>Dermed ble jorden en av planetene,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_Helden1995_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVan_Helden1995-40"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> mens solen og månen ble ekskludert. Da de første satellittene til Jupiter og Saturn ble oppdaget i det 17. århundre, ble begrepene «planet» og «satellitt» brukt om hverandre – selv om sistnevnte gradvis skulle bli mer utbredt i det etterfølgende århundret.<sup id="cite_ref-Tidslinje_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tidslinje-41"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Frem til midten av det 19. århundre økte antall «planeter» raskt siden ethvert objekt oppdaget å gå direkte i bane rundt solen ble listet som en planet av det vitenskapelige samfunn. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19._århundre"><span id="19._.C3.A5rhundre"></span>19. århundre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Rediger avsnitt: 19. århundre" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 19. århundre"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; float:right; margin:10px"> <caption>Nye planeter, 1807–1845 </caption> <tbody><tr style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"> <td>1<br />Merkur<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Mercury_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Merkur"><img alt="☿" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>2<br />Venus<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Venus_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Venus"><img alt="♀" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>3<br />Jorden<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Earth_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Jorden"><img alt="🜨︎" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>4<br />Mars<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Mars_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Mars"><img alt="♂" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>5<br />Vesta<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Vesta_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Vesta"><img alt="⚶" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Vesta_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Vesta_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Vesta_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Vesta_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Vesta_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Vesta_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>6<br />Juno<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Juno_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Juno"><img alt="⚵" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Juno_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Juno_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Juno_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Juno_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Juno_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Juno_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>7<br />Ceres<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Ceres_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Ceres"><img alt="⚳" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Ceres_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Ceres_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Ceres_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Ceres_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Ceres_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Ceres_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>8<br />Pallas<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Pallas_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Pallas"><img alt="⚴" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Pallas_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Pallas_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Pallas_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Pallas_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Pallas_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Pallas_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>9<br />Jupiter<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Jupiter_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Jupiter"><img alt="♃" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>10<br />Saturn<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Saturn_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Saturn"><img alt="♄" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>11<br />Uranus<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Uranus_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Uranus"><img alt="⛢" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>På 1800-tallet innså astronomer at nylige oppdagete legemer som hadde blitt klassifisert som planeter det siste halve århundret (slik som <a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dvergplanet)" title="Ceres (dvergplanet)">Ceres</a>, <a href="/wiki/2_Pallas" title="2 Pallas">Pallas</a> og <a href="/wiki/4_Vesta" title="4 Vesta">Vesta</a>), var svært ulike tradisjonelle planeter. De delte det samme området mellom Mars og Jupiter (<a href="/wiki/Asteroidebeltet" title="Asteroidebeltet">asteroidebeltet</a>) og hadde mye mindre masse. Derfor ble de nedklassifisert til «<a href="/wiki/Asteroide" title="Asteroide">asteroider</a>». I fraværet av en formell definisjon ble en «planet» forstått som ethvert «stort» legeme som gikk i bane rundt solen, og i størrelse fantes det et enormt gap mellom asteroidene og planetene. Siden nye funn syntes å ta slutt etter oppdagelsen av <a href="/wiki/Neptun_(planet)" title="Neptun (planet)">Neptun</a> i 1846, var det intet åpenbart behov for en formell definisjon.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHilton2001_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHilton2001-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20._århundre"><span id="20._.C3.A5rhundre"></span>20. århundre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Rediger avsnitt: 20. århundre" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 20. århundre"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; clear:right; float:right; margin:10px"> <caption>Planeter 1854–1930, 2006–i dag </caption> <tbody><tr style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"> <td>1<br />Merkur<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Mercury_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Merkur"><img alt="☿" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>2<br />Venus<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Venus_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Venus"><img alt="♀" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>3<br />Jorden<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Earth_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Jorden"><img alt="🜨︎" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>4<br />Mars<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Mars_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Mars"><img alt="♂" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>5<br />Jupiter<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Jupiter_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Jupiter"><img alt="♃" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>6<br />Saturn<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Saturn_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Saturn"><img alt="♄" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>7<br />Uranus<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Uranus_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Uranus"><img alt="⛢" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>8<br />Neptun<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Neptune_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Neptun"><img alt="♆" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Neptune_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Neptune_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Neptune_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Neptune_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Neptune_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Neptune_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>I 1930 ble <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a> oppdaget. Innledende observasjoner førte til antakelsen om at den var større enn jorden,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECroswell199757_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECroswell199757-43"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> og legemet ble umiddelbart akseptert som den niende planet. Ytterligere observasjoner påviste at Pluto var mye mindre. I 1936 foreslo <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Lyttleton" title="Raymond Lyttleton">Raymond Lyttleton</a> at Pluto var en unnsluppet satellitt fra <a href="/wiki/Neptun_(planet)" title="Neptun (planet)">Neptun</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELyttleton1936108_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELyttleton1936108-44"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Fred_Lawrence_Whipple" title="Fred Lawrence Whipple">Fred Whipple</a> foreslo i 1964 at Pluto var en <a href="/wiki/Komet" title="Komet">komet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWhipple1964565–594_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWhipple1964565–594-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Den var imidlertid større enn alle de kjente asteroidene, og eksisterte tilsynelatende ikke i en større populasjon<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELuu199646–52_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELuu199646–52-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> – den beholdt planetstatusen frem til 2006. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; clear:right; float:right; margin:10px"> <caption>Planeter 1930–2006 </caption> <tbody><tr style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"> <td>1<br />Merkur<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Mercury_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Merkur"><img alt="☿" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>2<br />Venus<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Venus_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Venus"><img alt="♀" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>3<br />Jorden<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Earth_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Jorden"><img alt="🜨︎" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>4<br />Mars<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Mars_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Mars"><img alt="♂" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>5<br />Jupiter<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Jupiter_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Jupiter"><img alt="♃" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>6<br />Saturn<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Saturn_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Saturn"><img alt="♄" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>7<br />Uranus<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Uranus_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Uranus"><img alt="⛢" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>8<br />Neptun<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Neptune_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Neptun"><img alt="♆" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Neptune_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Neptune_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Neptune_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Neptune_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Neptune_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Neptune_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td>9<br />Pluto<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Pluto_symbol_(large_orb,_fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Pluto"><img alt="⯓" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Pluto_symbol_%28large_orb%2C_fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Pluto_symbol_%28large_orb%2C_fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Pluto_symbol_%28large_orb%2C_fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Pluto_symbol_%28large_orb%2C_fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Pluto_symbol_%28large_orb%2C_fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Pluto_symbol_%28large_orb%2C_fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>I 1992 oppdaget astronomene <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_Wolszczan" title="Aleksander Wolszczan">Aleksander Wolszczan</a> og <a href="/wiki/Dale_Frail" title="Dale Frail">Dale Frail</a> planeter rundt <a href="/wiki/Pulsar" title="Pulsar">pulsaren</a> <a href="/wiki/PSR_B1257%2B12" title="PSR B1257+12">PSR B1257+12</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolszczan1992145–147_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolszczan1992145–147-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dette var den første definitive oppdagelsen av et <a href="/wiki/Planetsystem" title="Planetsystem">planetsystem</a> rundt en annen stjerne. 6. oktober 1995 kunngjorde <a href="/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor">Michel Mayor</a> og <a href="/wiki/Didier_Queloz" title="Didier Queloz">Didier Queloz</a> den første definitive oppdagelsen av en <a href="/wiki/Eksoplanet" title="Eksoplanet">eksoplanet</a> i bane rundt en <a href="/wiki/Hovedserien_(astronomi)" title="Hovedserien (astronomi)">hovedseriestjerne</a> – <a href="/wiki/51_Pegasi" title="51 Pegasi">51 Pegasi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMayor1995355–359_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMayor1995355–359-48"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Oppdagelsen av eksoplaneter førte til en annen tvetydighet i å definere punktet hvor en planet blir en stjerne. Mange eksoplaneter har masser flere ganger høyere enn Jupiters som nærmer seg «<a href="/wiki/Brun_dverg" title="Brun dverg">brune dverger</a>».<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIAU,_General_Assembly_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIAU,_General_Assembly-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Brune dverger anses som stjerner på grunn av evnen til å <a href="/wiki/Kjernefysisk_fusjon" title="Kjernefysisk fusjon">fusjonere</a> <a href="/wiki/Deuterium" title="Deuterium">deuterium</a>, en tyngre <a href="/wiki/Isotop" title="Isotop">isotop</a> av <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">hydrogen</a>. Mens stjerner mer massive enn 75 ganger Jupiter fusjonerer hydrogen, kan stjerner helt ned i 13 <a href="/wiki/Jupitermasse" title="Jupitermasse">jupitermasser</a> fusjonere deuterium. Deuterium er imidlertid sjeldent, og de fleste brune dvergene har sluttet å fusjonere deuterium lenge før de blir oppdaget, noe som gjør dem vanskelige å skille fra supermassive planeter.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBasri2000485_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBasri2000485-50"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21._århundre"><span id="21._.C3.A5rhundre"></span>21. århundre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Rediger avsnitt: 21. århundre" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 21. århundre"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Med oppdagelsene av flere objekter i solsystemet i siste halvdel av det 20. århundre, og oppdagelsen av store objekter rundt andre stjerner, oppstod det uenigheter om hva som er en planet. Det var spesielt uenighet om hvorvidt et objekt skulle betraktes som en planet hvis den var en del av en bestemt populasjon, slik som et <a href="/wiki/Asteroidebeltet" title="Asteroidebeltet">belte</a>, eller hvis den var tilstrekkelig stor til å generere energi gjennom <a href="/wiki/Kjernefysisk_fusjon" title="Kjernefysisk fusjon">kjernefysisk fusjon</a> av <a href="/wiki/Deuterium" title="Deuterium">deuterium</a>. </p><p>Et økende antall astronomer argumenterte for at Pluto skulle fratas planetstatusen. Mange lignende objekter ble funnet i samme region av solsystemet (<a href="/wiki/Kuiperbeltet" title="Kuiperbeltet">Kuiperbeltet</a>) i løpet av 1990-årene og tidlig i 2000-årene, og Pluto ble funnet å tilhøre en populasjon på tusener. <a href="/wiki/50000_Quaoar" title="50000 Quaoar">Quaoar</a>, <a href="/wiki/90377_Sedna" title="90377 Sedna">Sedna</a>, og <a href="/wiki/Eris_(dvergplanet)" title="Eris (dvergplanet)">Eris</a> ble i populærpressen omtalt som den <a href="/wiki/Planet_X" title="Planet X">tiende planet</a>, uten noen bred vitenskapelig anerkjennelse. I 2005 ble det kunngjort at Eris var 27&#160;% mer massiv enn Pluto, og gjorde en offisiell definisjon av en planet ønskelig. </p><p>IAU vedtok en <a href="/wiki/Planetdefinisjon" title="Planetdefinisjon">definisjon på en planet</a> den 24. august 2006. Antallet planeter falt til åtte legemer som hadde «ryddet bane» (Merkur, Venus, jorden, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus og Neptun), og en ny klasse med <a href="/wiki/Dvergplanet" title="Dvergplanet">dvergplaneter</a> ble laget. Denne inneholdt opprinnelig tre objekter (<a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dvergplanet)" title="Ceres (dvergplanet)">Ceres</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a> og <a href="/wiki/Eris_(dvergplanet)" title="Eris (dvergplanet)">Eris</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreen2006_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreen2006-51"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Definisjonen_av_eksoplaneter">Definisjonen av eksoplaneter</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Rediger avsnitt: Definisjonen av eksoplaneter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Definisjonen av eksoplaneter"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p class="error">Error: må angi et bilde i første linje</p> <p>I 2003 tok Den internasjonale astronomiske unions arbeidsgruppe for eksoplaneter et standpunkt for definisjonen av en planet. Deres definisjon var hovedsakelig fokusert på grensen mellom planeter og brune dverger:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIAU,_&#39;&#39;Working_Group&#39;&#39;_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIAU,_&#39;&#39;Working_Group&#39;&#39;-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li>Planeter er objekter med masser under massegrensen for kjernefysisk fusjon av deuterium (kalkulert til å være 13 ganger Jupiters masse for objekter med samme isotopforekomst som solen<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaumon1996993–1018_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaumon1996993–1018-52"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>) som går i bane rundt stjerner eller stjernerester (uavhengig av hvordan de ble dannet). Minimumsmassen og størrelsen som kreves for at et eksoobjekt skal betraktes som en planet, bør være den samme som brukes i solsystemet.</li> <li>Substellare objekter med masser over massegrensen for kjernefysisk fusjon av deuterium er «<a href="/wiki/Brun_dverg" title="Brun dverg">brune dverger</a>», uavhengig av hvordan de ble dannet eller hvor de ligger.</li> <li>Frittflytende objekter i unge <a href="/wiki/Stjernehop" title="Stjernehop">stjernehoper</a> med masser under massegrensen for kjernefysisk fusjon av deuterium er ikke «planeter», men «sub-brune dverger» (eller det navnet som er mest passende)</li></ol> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:BrownDwarfComparison-pia12462.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/BrownDwarfComparison-pia12462.jpg/250px-BrownDwarfComparison-pia12462.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/BrownDwarfComparison-pia12462.jpg/375px-BrownDwarfComparison-pia12462.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/BrownDwarfComparison-pia12462.jpg/500px-BrownDwarfComparison-pia12462.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption>En <a href="/wiki/Brun_dverg" title="Brun dverg">brun dverg</a> kan forveksles med en stor gasskjempe. Brune dverger er <a href="/wiki/Stjerne" title="Stjerne">stjerner</a> som ikke har fått nok <a href="/wiki/Masse" title="Masse">masse</a> til å starte <a href="/wiki/Kjernefysisk_fusjon" title="Kjernefysisk fusjon">fusjonsprosessen i kjernen</a>. Illustrasjonen viser størrelsene på <a href="/wiki/Solen" title="Solen">Solen</a>, en liten stjerne, en brun dverg, Jupiter og Jorden.</figcaption></figure> <p>Definisjonen har blitt utstrakt brukt ved publisering av funn av eksoplaneter i akademiske publikasjoner.<sup id="cite_ref-Referanseliste_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Referanseliste-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Den fungerer som en arbeidsdefinisjon inntil en mer permanent definisjon blir vedtatt. Den berører ikke den nedre massegrensen,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStern2004_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStern2004-54"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> og styrer derfor klar av uenighetene om objektene i solsystemet. Definisjonen berører heller ikke objekter i bane rundt brune dverger, slik som <a href="/wiki/2M1207b" title="2M1207b">2M1207b</a>. </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/Sub-brun_dverg" title="Sub-brun dverg">sub-brun dverg</a> kan defineres som et objekt med planetmasse som dannes gjennom kollaps av en sky snarere enn akkresjon. Forskjellen i dannelse har ikke universell enighet; astronomer er delt i to leirer om hvordan man skal betrakte dannelsesprosessen for en planet som en del av klassifiseringen.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClavin2005_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClavin2005-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Det er ofte ikke mulig å fastslå dannelsesprosessen. En akkresjonsformet planet rundt en stjerne kan kastes ut fra systemet og bli friflytende, og en sub-brun dverg dannet av kollapsen av en sky kan bli fanget i en bane rundt en stjerne. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; float:right; margin:10px"> <caption>Dvergplaneter 2006–i dag </caption> <tbody><tr style="font-size: smaller;"> <td>Ceres</td> <td>Pluto</td> <td>Makemake</td> <td>Haumea</td> <td>Eris </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Regelen med 13 jupitermasser er en tommelfingerregel snarere enn en presis definisjon. Store objekter vil forbrenne det meste av sitt <a href="/wiki/Deuterium" title="Deuterium">deuterium</a>, og mindre objekter vil forbrenne noe av det. 13 jupitermasser ligger et sted i mellom. Mengden av deuterium som forbrennes avhenger ikke bare av massen, men også av sammensetningen og mengden av <a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">helium</a> og deuterium til stede.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpiegelBurrowsMilsom2010_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpiegelBurrowsMilsom2010-56"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Et annet kriterium for å skille planeter og brune dverger, er hvorvidt <a href="/wiki/Trykk" title="Trykk">trykket</a> i kjernen domineres av kolonnetrykk eller elektrondegenerering.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBasri2006193–216_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBasri2006193–216-57"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoss2003529_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoss2003529-58"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2006-definisjonen">2006-definisjonen</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11" title="Rediger avsnitt: 2006-definisjonen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 2006-definisjonen"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="utdypende-artikkel" style="padding-left:2em; font-style: italic;"> <p>Utdypende artikkel: <a href="/wiki/Planetdefinisjon" title="Planetdefinisjon">Planetdefinisjon</a> </p> </div> <p>Den nedre grensen ble tatt opp i IAUs generalforsamling 24. august 2006. Etter mye debatt og et mislykket forslag, stemte forsamlingen for en resolusjon som definerte planeter i solsystemet som:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIAU,_&#39;&#39;Result_of_the_IAU_Resolution_votes&#39;&#39;_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIAU,_&#39;&#39;Result_of_the_IAU_Resolution_votes&#39;&#39;-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22146855">@media only screen and (min-width:840px){.mw-parser-output .aligned-right{float:right;width:20em;margin:0.5em 0 2.2em 1em;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .aligned-left{float:left;width:20em;padding-left:0em;border-left:none;border-right:solid 0.3em #eee;clear:left}}@media all{.mw-parser-output .quoted{text-align:right;font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .textbox-heading{font-weight:bold;line-height:2}}.mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output>dl:first-child dd{margin-left:0;margin-right:0;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;border-left:0.4em solid green;border-right:1px solid silver}.mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output>dl:first-child dd:first-child{margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0.5em;border-top:1px solid silver}.mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output>dl:first-child dd:last-child{margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0.5em;border-bottom:1px solid silver}.mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output>dl:first-child dd+dd{padding-top:0.5em}</style> <blockquote class="" style=""><p><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Laquote.svg/17px-Laquote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Laquote.svg/26px-Laquote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Laquote.svg/34px-Laquote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></span></span>Et himmellegeme som er (a) i bane rundt solen, (b) har tilstrekkelig masse til at dens egengravitasjon overvinner kreftene til det solide legemet slik at det oppnår en <a href="/wiki/Hydrostatisk_likevekt" title="Hydrostatisk likevekt">hydrostatisk likevekt</a> (nær kuleformet), og (c) har ryddet nabolaget rundt sin bane.<span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Raquote.svg/17px-Raquote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Raquote.svg/26px-Raquote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Raquote.svg/34px-Raquote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></span></span> </p></blockquote> <p>Med denne definisjonen har solsystemet åtte planeter. Legemer som oppfyller de to første betingelsene, men ikke den tredje klassifiseres som <a href="/wiki/Dvergplanet" title="Dvergplanet">dvergplaneter</a> – forutsatt at de ikke er <a href="/wiki/Naturlig_satellitt" title="Naturlig satellitt">naturlige satellitter</a>. En komite i IAU foreslo opprinnelig en definisjon uten (c) som et kriterium.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERincon,_&#39;&#39;Planets_plan_boosts_tally_12&#39;&#39;_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERincon,_&#39;&#39;Planets_plan_boosts_tally_12&#39;&#39;-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Etter mange diskusjoner avgjorde en avstemning, at de legemene i stedet skulle klassifiseres som dvergplaneter.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBBC_News,_&#39;&#39;Pluto_loses_status_as_a_planet&#39;&#39;_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBBC_News,_&#39;&#39;Pluto_loses_status_as_a_planet&#39;&#39;-60"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Definisjonen bygger på teorier om planetdannelser, der planetariske embryoer rydder sitt baneområde for andre mindre objekter. Som beskrevet av astronomen <a href="/wiki/Steven_Soter" title="Steven Soter">Steven Soter</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESoter2513–2519_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESoter2513–2519-61"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22146855"> <blockquote class="" style=""><p><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Laquote.svg/17px-Laquote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Laquote.svg/26px-Laquote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Laquote.svg/34px-Laquote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></span></span>Sluttproduktet av den andre skiveakkresjonen er et lite antall av relativt store legemer (planeter) i enten ikke-kryssende eller resonante baner, som forhindrer kollisjoner mellom dem. <a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%A5planet" title="Småplanet">Småplaneter</a> og kometer, inkludert KBOer [Kuiperbelte-objekter], avviker fra planeter i at de kan kollidere med hverandre og med planeter.<span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Raquote.svg/17px-Raquote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Raquote.svg/26px-Raquote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Raquote.svg/34px-Raquote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></span></span> </p></blockquote> <p>Siden 2006 har definisjonen vært omstridt,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERincon,_&#39;&#39;Pluto_vote_&#39;hijacked&#39;_in_revolt&#39;&#39;_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERincon,_&#39;&#39;Pluto_vote_&#39;hijacked&#39;_in_revolt&#39;&#39;-62"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBritt,_&#39;&#39;Pluto_Demoted&#39;&#39;_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBritt,_&#39;&#39;Pluto_Demoted&#39;&#39;-63"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> og mange astronomer vil ikke bruke den.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBritt,_&#39;&#39;Pluto&#39;&#39;_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBritt,_&#39;&#39;Pluto&#39;&#39;-64"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Uenigheten handler delvis om punkt (c) (rydde baneområdet) og om hvorvidt dvergplanetene burde tilhøre en bredere planetdefinisjon. </p><p>Plutos planetstatus har hatt en sterk kulturell betydning siden 1930. Oppdagelsen av Eris ble bredt omtalt i <a href="/wiki/Massemedier" title="Massemedier">media</a> som den <a href="/wiki/Planet_X" title="Planet X">tiende planeten</a>, og omklassifiseringen til dvergplaneter fikk mye oppmerksomhet i media og blant befolkningen.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoskowitz2006_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoskowitz2006-65"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tidligere_klassifiseringer">Tidligere klassifiseringer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12" title="Rediger avsnitt: Tidligere klassifiseringer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Tidligere klassifiseringer"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tabellen under lister legemer i <a href="/wiki/Solsystemet" title="Solsystemet">solsystemet</a> som tidligere ble ansett som planeter: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4">Legeme (nåværende klassifisering) </th> <th rowspan="2">Når og av hvem ble de ansett som planeter? </th></tr> <tr> <th>Stjerne</th> <th>Dvergplanet</th> <th>Asteroide</th> <th>Måne </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Solen" title="Solen">Solen</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A5nen" title="Månen">Månen</a> </td> <td style="font-size:90%;">Klassifisert som planeter i <a href="/wiki/Oldtiden" title="Oldtiden">oldtiden</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Io_(m%C3%A5ne)" title="Io (måne)">Io</a>, <a href="/wiki/Europa_(m%C3%A5ne)" title="Europa (måne)">Europa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ganymedes_(m%C3%A5ne)" title="Ganymedes (måne)">Ganymedes</a> og <a href="/wiki/Callisto_(m%C3%A5ne)" title="Callisto (måne)">Callisto</a> </td> <td style="font-size:90%;">Jupiters fire største <a href="/wiki/Jupiters_m%C3%A5ner" title="Jupiters måner">måner</a>, kjent som de <a href="/wiki/Galileiske_m%C3%A5ner" title="Galileiske måner">galileiske månene</a> etter oppdageren <a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo Galilei</a>. Han refererte til dem som «Medicianske Planeter» etter hans <a href="/wiki/Mes%C3%A9n" title="Mesén">mesén</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medici" title="Medici">Medici-familien</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Titan_(m%C3%A5ne)" title="Titan (måne)">Titan</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Titan_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Titan-66"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Iapetus_(m%C3%A5ne)" title="Iapetus (måne)">Iapetus</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Iapetus_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iapetus-67"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>h<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Rhea_(m%C3%A5ne)" title="Rhea (måne)">Rhea</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Tethys-Dione_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tethys-Dione-68"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Tethys_(m%C3%A5ne)" title="Tethys (måne)">Tethys</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Tethys-Dione_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tethys-Dione-68"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> og <a href="/wiki/Dione" title="Dione">Dione</a><sup id="cite_ref-Tethys-Dione_68-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tethys-Dione-68"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="font-size:90%;">Fem av <a href="/wiki/Saturns_m%C3%A5ner" title="Saturns måner">Saturns måner</a>, oppdaget av <a href="/wiki/Christiaan_Huygens" title="Christiaan Huygens">Christiaan Huygens</a> og <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Cassini" title="Giovanni Cassini">Giovanni Cassini</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dvergplanet)" title="Ceres (dvergplanet)">Ceres</a><sup id="cite_ref-Ceres_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ceres-69"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>j<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/2_Pallas" title="2 Pallas">Pallas</a>, <a href="/wiki/3_Juno" title="3 Juno">Juno</a> og <a href="/wiki/4_Vesta" title="4 Vesta">Vesta</a></td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:90%;">De første kjente <a href="/wiki/Asteroide" title="Asteroide">asteroidene</a>, fra oppdagelsen mellom 1801 og 1807 frem til reklassifiseringen i løpet av 1850-årene.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpaceweather,_&#39;&#39;The_Planet_Hygea&#39;&#39;_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpaceweather,_&#39;&#39;The_Planet_Hygea&#39;&#39;-70"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ceres har i ettertid blitt klassifisert som en <a href="/wiki/Dvergplanet" title="Dvergplanet">dvergplanet</a> i 2006. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/5_Astraea" title="5 Astraea">Astrea</a>, <a href="/wiki/6_Hebe" title="6 Hebe">Hebe</a>, <a href="/wiki/7_Iris" title="7 Iris">Iris</a>, <a href="/wiki/8_Flora" title="8 Flora">Flora</a>, <a href="/wiki/9_Metis" title="9 Metis">Metis</a>, <a href="/wiki/10_Hygiea" title="10 Hygiea">Hygeia</a>, <a href="/wiki/11_Parthenope" title="11 Parthenope">Parthenope</a>, <a href="/wiki/12_Victoria" title="12 Victoria">Victoria</a>, <a href="/wiki/13_Egeria" title="13 Egeria">Egeria</a>, <a href="/wiki/14_Irene" title="14 Irene">Irene</a> og <a href="/wiki/15_Eunomia" title="15 Eunomia">Eunomia</a></td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:90%;">Flere asteroider oppdaget mellom 1845 og 1851. Den raskt voksende listen av planeter ga reklassifiseringen som asteroider blant astronomer, og dette ble bredt akseptert i 1854.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHilton_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHilton-71"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a><sup id="cite_ref-Pluto_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pluto-72"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>k<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:90%;">Det første kjente <a href="/wiki/Transneptunsk_objekt" title="Transneptunsk objekt">transneptunske objektet</a> (småplanet med den <a href="/wiki/Store_halvakse" title="Store halvakse">store halvakse</a> utenfor <a href="/wiki/Neptun_(planet)" title="Neptun (planet)">Neptun</a>). Pluto ble nedklassifisert til dvergplanet i 2006. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eris_(dvergplanet)" title="Eris (dvergplanet)">Eris</a> (først kalt Xena)</td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:90%;">Oppdaget i 2005 på bilder tatt i 2003, og klassifisert som dvergplanet i 2006. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mytologi_og_navngivelse">Mytologi og navngivelse</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13" title="Rediger avsnitt: Mytologi og navngivelse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Mytologi og navngivelse"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="utdypende-artikkel" style="padding-left:2em;"><i>Se også: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukedagnavn&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ukedagnavn (ikke skrevet ennå)">Ukedagnavn</a>&#160;og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klassisk_planet&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Klassisk planet (ikke skrevet ennå)">Klassisk planet</a></i></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Olympians.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Olympians.jpg/190px-Olympians.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Olympians.jpg/285px-Olympians.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Olympians.jpg/380px-Olympians.jpg 2x" data-file-width="469" data-file-height="709" /></a><figcaption>I Europa er planetene i solsystemet oppkalt etter gudene av <a href="/wiki/Olympos" title="Olympos">Olympos</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Navnene på planetene i den vestlige verden er avledet fra praksisen til romerne, som avledet dem fra grekerne og babylonerne. I <a href="/wiki/Antikkens_Hellas" title="Antikkens Hellas">antikkens Hellas</a> ble de to lyseste objektene, solen og månen, kalt <i><a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a></i> og <i><a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a></i>; den fjerneste planeten ble kalt <i>Phainon</i>, skinneren, etterfulgt av <i>Phaethon</i>, «lyssterk»; den røde planeten var kjent som <i>Pyroeis</i>, den «brennende»; den lyseste var kjent som <i>Phosphoros</i>, lysbringeren; og den flyktige siste planeten ble kalt <i>Stilbon</i>, glimteren. Grekerne gjorde også hver planet hellig til en av sine guder, <a href="/wiki/De_tolv_olympiske_guder" title="De tolv olympiske guder">olympierne</a>: Helios og Selene var navnet på både planeter og guder, Phainon var hellig til <a href="/wiki/Kronos" title="Kronos">Kronos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Titan_(gud)" class="mw-redirect" title="Titan (gud)">Titan</a> som var far til olympierne; Phaethon var hellig for <a href="/wiki/Zevs" title="Zevs">Zevs</a>, Kronos' sønn som avsatte ham som konge; Pyroeis ble gitt til <a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a>, sønn av Zevs og krigsgud; Phosphoros ble styrt av <a href="/wiki/Afrodite" title="Afrodite">Afrodite</a>, kjærlighetsgudinnen; og <a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a>, gudenes budbringer og guden over læring og kunnskap, hersket over Stilbon.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans1998296–297_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans1998296–297-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Den greske praksisen med innpoding av gudenes navn på planetene ble lånt fra babylonerne. Babylonerne oppkalte Phosphoros etter kjærlighetsgudinnen <i><a href="/wiki/Ishtar" title="Ishtar">Ishtar</a></i>; Pyroeis etter krigsguden <i><a href="/wiki/Nergal" title="Nergal">Nergal</a></i>, Stilbon etter kunnskapsguden <i><a href="/wiki/Nebo" title="Nebo">Nebo</a></i> og Phaethon etter sjefsguden <i><a href="/wiki/Marduk" title="Marduk">Marduk</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoss2005_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoss2005-73"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Det er for mange konkordanser mellom greske og babylonske navnekonvensjoner til at de kan ha oppstått separat.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans1998296–297_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans1998296–297-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> For eksempel var den babylonske guden Nergal en krigsgud, og dermed identifiserte grekerne ham med Ares. Men i motsetning til Ares, ble Nergal også guden for pest og underverdenen.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECochrane1997_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECochrane1997-74"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Planetsgod.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Planetsgod.jpg/250px-Planetsgod.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Planetsgod.jpg/375px-Planetsgod.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Planetsgod.jpg/500px-Planetsgod.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="453" /></a><figcaption>India bruker navnene på de ni planetgudene <i>(<a href="/wiki/Navagraha" title="Navagraha">Navagrahas</a>)</i></figcaption></figure> <p>I dag kjenner de fleste i den vestlige verden planetene ved navn avledet fra gudene av Olympos. Moderne grekere bruker fremdeles de gamle navnene. Andre europeiske språk bruker romerske (eller latinske) navn, mye på grunn av innflytelsen fra <a href="/wiki/Det_romerske_keiserriket" title="Det romerske keiserriket">det romerske keiserriket</a> og senere <a href="/wiki/Den_katolske_kirke" title="Den katolske kirke">den katolske kirke</a>. Romerne, som i likhet med grekerne var <a href="/wiki/Urindoeuropeisk_religion" title="Urindoeuropeisk religion">indoeuropeiske</a>, delte med dem en <a href="/wiki/Romersk_mytologi" title="Romersk mytologi">felles panteon</a> under forskjellige navn, men de manglet de rike narrative tradisjonene som gresk poesi hadde gitt <a href="/wiki/Gresk_mytologi" title="Gresk mytologi">sine guder</a>. I den senere perioden av <a href="/wiki/Den_romerske_republikk" title="Den romerske republikk">den romerske republikk</a> lånte romerske forfatter mye av de greske fortellinger, helt til de ble uadskillelige fra deres egen panteon.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECameron2005_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECameron2005-75"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Da romerne studerte gresk astronomi, ga de planetene sine navn etter sine egne guder: <i><a href="/wiki/Merkur_(gud)" title="Merkur (gud)">Merkurius</a></i> (for Hermes), <i><a href="/wiki/Venus_(gudinne)" title="Venus (gudinne)">Venus</a></i> (Afrodite), <i><a href="/wiki/Mars_(gud)" title="Mars (gud)">Mars</a></i> (Ares), <i><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_(gud)" title="Jupiter (gud)">Iupiter</a></i> (Zevs) og <i><a href="/wiki/Saturn_(gud)" title="Saturn (gud)">Saturnus</a></i> (Kronos). Da de siste planetene ble oppdaget på 1800- og 1900-tallet, ble navnepraksisen opprettholdt med <i><a href="/wiki/Neptun_(gud)" title="Neptun (gud)">Neptūnus</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a>). Uranus er unik ved at den er oppkalt etter en <a href="/wiki/Uranos" title="Uranos">gresk guddom</a> i stedet for hans romerske motstykke <a href="/wiki/Caelus" title="Caelus">Caelus</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Wuxing_en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Wuxing_en.svg/250px-Wuxing_en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Wuxing_en.svg/375px-Wuxing_en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Wuxing_en.svg/500px-Wuxing_en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="495" /></a><figcaption>I Kina er planetene oppkalt etter de fem elementene i deres elementlære (<a href="/wiki/De_fem_elementene" title="De fem elementene">Wu Xing</a>).</figcaption></figure> <p>Ifølge en tro som muligens stammer fra <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a>, men som utviklet seg i det <a href="/wiki/Hellenistisk_sivilisasjon" title="Hellenistisk sivilisasjon">hellenistiske Egypt</a>, trodde mange <a href="/wiki/Romerriket" title="Romerriket">romere</a> at de syv gudene som planetene var oppkalt etter, holdt øye med jorden i timeslange skift. Rekkefølgen på skiftene var Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, solen, Venus, Merkur og Månen – fra lengst fra til nærmest planeten.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZerubavel198914_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZerubavel198914-76"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Derfor ble den første dagen startet av Saturn (1. time), andre dag av solen (25. time), etterfulgt av månen (49. time), Mars, Merkur, Jupiter og Venus. Hver dag ble oppkalt etter guden som startet den, og dette er også rekkefølgen på ukedagene i <a href="/wiki/Den_romerske_kalender" title="Den romerske kalender">den romerske kalender</a> etter at den nundinalske syklusen ble avvist – og den er fremdeles bevart i mange moderne språk.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFalk1999122–133_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFalk1999122–133-77"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jorden er den eneste planeten uten et navn fra gresk-romersk mytologi. Den ble allment akseptert som en planet i det 17. århundre,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_Helden1995_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVan_Helden1995-40"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> og det er ingen tradisjon for å kalle den opp etter en gud (det samme gjelder også, på norsk og engelsk i det minste, for solen og månen). Det <a href="/wiki/Gammelengelsk" title="Gammelengelsk">anglo-saksiske</a> ordet <i>erda</i> betyr grunn eller jord, og ble først brukt skriftlig som navnet på jordens sfære, muligens rundt 1300. Liksom ekvivalenter i andre <a href="/wiki/Germanske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Germanske språk">germanske språk</a> er navnet avledet fra <a href="/wiki/Urgermansk" title="Urgermansk">urgermansk</a> <i>ertho</i>, «grunn»,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarper,_&#39;&#39;Earth&#39;&#39;_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarper,_&#39;&#39;Earth&#39;&#39;-78"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> og kan sees i det engelske ordet <i>Earth</i>, tysk <i>Erde</i>, nederlandsk <i>Arde</i> og skandinavisk <i>jord</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Oxford_English_Dictionary&#39;&#39;Earth_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Oxford_English_Dictionary&#39;&#39;Earth-79"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarper,_&#39;&#39;Earth&#39;&#39;_78-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarper,_&#39;&#39;Earth&#39;&#39;-78"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Mange <a href="/wiki/Romanske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Romanske språk">romanske språk</a> har beholdt det gamle romerske ordet <i><a href="/wiki/Tellus_(gudinne)" title="Tellus (gudinne)">terra</a></i> – eller varianter av det – med betydningen «tørt land», i motsetning til «hav».<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarper,_&#39;&#39;Terrain&#39;&#39;_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarper,_&#39;&#39;Terrain&#39;&#39;-80"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ikke-romerske språk bruker sine egne respektive ord. Grekerne har beholdt sitt opprinnelige navn, <i><a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Γή</a></i> (<i>Ge</i> eller <i>Yi</i>). </p><p>Kulturer utenfor Europa bruker andre navnesystemer. <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> bruker et system basert på <a href="/wiki/Navagraha" title="Navagraha">Navagraha</a> som inkorporerer de syv tradisjonelle planetene: <a href="/wiki/Surya" title="Surya">Surya</a> (solen), <a href="/wiki/Chandra" title="Chandra">Chandra</a> (månen), <a href="/wiki/Budha" title="Budha">Budha</a> (Merkur), <a href="/wiki/Shukra" title="Shukra">Shukra</a> (Venus), <a href="/wiki/Mangala" title="Mangala">Mangala</a> (Mars), <a href="/wiki/B%E1%B9%9Bhaspati" title="Bṛhaspati"><span class="IAST">Bṛhaspati</span></a> (Jupiter), <a href="/wiki/Shani" title="Shani">Shani</a> (Saturn) og de stigende og synkende <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A5neknute" title="Måneknute">måneknutene</a> <a href="/wiki/Rahu" title="Rahu">Rahu</a> og <a href="/wiki/Ketu" title="Ketu">Ketu</a>. <a href="/wiki/Folkerepublikken_Kina" class="mw-redirect" title="Folkerepublikken Kina">Kina</a> bruker et system basert på <a href="/wiki/De_fem_elementene" title="De fem elementene">de fem kinesiske elementene</a>: vann (Merkur), metall (Venus), ild (Mars), tre (Jupiter) og jord (Saturn). Det samme gjelder land i <a href="/wiki/%C3%98st-Asia" title="Øst-Asia">Øst-Asia</a> som historisk sett vært underlagt <a href="/wiki/Sinosf%C3%A6ren" title="Sinosfæren">kinesisk kulturell påvirkning</a>, slik som <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korea</a> og <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFalk1999122–133_77-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFalk1999122–133-77"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dannelse">Dannelse</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14" title="Rediger avsnitt: Dannelse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Dannelse"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="utdypende-artikkel" style="padding-left:2em; font-style: italic;"> <p>Utdypende artikkel: <a href="/wiki/Nebularhypotesen" title="Nebularhypotesen">Nebularhypotesen</a> </p> </div> <p>Den rådende teorien er at planetene ble dannet fra en <a href="/wiki/Stjernet%C3%A5ke" title="Stjernetåke">tåke</a> som <a href="/wiki/Gravitasjonskollaps" title="Gravitasjonskollaps">kollapset</a> til en skive av gass og støv. En <a href="/wiki/Protostjerne" title="Protostjerne">protostjerne</a> ble dannet i kjernen, omgitt av en roterende <a href="/wiki/Protoplanetarisk_skive" title="Protoplanetarisk skive">protoplanetarisk skive</a>. Gjennom <a href="/wiki/Akkresjon" title="Akkresjon">akkresjon</a><sup id="cite_ref-Akkresjon_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Akkresjon-81"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>l<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> akkumulerte støvpartiklene i skiven masse til å danne stadig større legemer. Lokale konsentrasjoner av masse kjent som <a href="/wiki/Planetesimal" title="Planetesimal">planetesimaler</a> ble dannet, og disse akselererer akkresjonsprosessen ved å tiltrekke seg ytterligere masse ved hjelp av gravitasjonskreftene. Disse konsentrasjonene blir mer og mer kompakte helt til de kollapser innover på grunn av gravitasjonen og danner <a href="/wiki/Protoplanet" title="Protoplanet">protoplaneter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWetherill198077–113_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWetherill198077–113-82"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Etter at planetene når en diameter større enn jordens måne, begynner de å akkumulere en utvidet atmosfære. Denne bidrar til å øke tiltrekkingen av planetesimaler ved hjelp av <a href="/wiki/Luftmotstand" title="Luftmotstand">atmosfærisk drag</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEInaba2003711–723_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEInaba2003711–723-83"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Protoplanetary-disk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Protoplanetary-disk.jpg/250px-Protoplanetary-disk.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Protoplanetary-disk.jpg/375px-Protoplanetary-disk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Protoplanetary-disk.jpg/500px-Protoplanetary-disk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="312" /></a><figcaption>En kunstners fremstilling av en protoplanetarisk skive.</figcaption></figure> <p>Når protostjernen har vokst slik at den antennes for å danne en stjerne, fjernes den gjenlevende skiven fra innsiden og utover på grunn av <a href="/wiki/Fotofordampning" title="Fotofordampning">fotofordampning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Solvind" title="Solvind">solvinden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poynting-Robertson-effekten" title="Poynting-Robertson-effekten">Poynting-Robertson-effekten</a> og andre effekter.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDutkevitch1995_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDutkevitch1995-84"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMatsuyama2005L143–L146_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMatsuyama2005L143–L146-85"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Etter dette vil det fremdeles være mange protoplaneter i bane rundt stjernen eller hverandre, men over tid vil mange kollidere og enten danne en enkelt, større planet eller frigjøre materiale som andre større protoplaneter eller planeter absorberer.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKenyon20061837_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKenyon20061837-86"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Objektene som har blitt mest massive vil fange annen masse i området rundt sin bane for å bli planeter. I mellomtiden kan protoplaneter som har unngått kollisjoner ha blitt <a href="/wiki/Naturlig_satellitt" title="Naturlig satellitt">naturlige satellitter</a> til planeter gjennom en prosess med gravitasjonell innfanging, eller forbli i et belte med andre objekter og bli enten dvergplaneter eller <a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%A5legemer_i_solsystemet" title="Smålegemer i solsystemet">smålegemer</a>. </p><p>De energetiske nedslagene til de mindre planetesimalene (så vel som <a href="/wiki/Radioaktiv_str%C3%A5ling" class="mw-disambig" title="Radioaktiv stråling">radioaktiv stråling</a>) vil varme opp den voksende planeten og gjøre at den i hvert fall delvis smelter. Planetens indre begynner å differensieres etter masse og en mer kompakt kjerne utvikles.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIda1987239_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIda1987239-87"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Mindre terrestriske planeter mister det meste av atmosfæren på grunn av akkresjon, men den tapte gassen kan bli erstattet av utgassing fra mantelen og fra senere nedslag av <a href="/wiki/Komet" title="Komet">kometer</a> (mindre planeter vil miste atmosfæren de samlet på grunn av ulike unnslipningsmekanismer).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKasting1993920–926_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKasting1993920–926-88"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Oppdagelsene av <a href="/wiki/Planetsystem" title="Planetsystem">planetsystemer</a> rundt stjerner andre enn vår egen gjør det mulig å utdype, revidere eller erstatte denne beretningen. Nivået på <a href="/wiki/Metallisitet" title="Metallisitet">metallisitet</a> – i astronomisk forstand mengden av <a href="/wiki/Grunnstoff" title="Grunnstoff">grunnstoffer</a> med <a href="/wiki/Atomnummer" title="Atomnummer">atomnummer</a> høyere enn 2 (<a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">helium</a>) – antas å fastslå sannsynligheten for at en stjerne har planeter.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAguilarPulliam2004_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAguilarPulliam2004-89"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Metallrike populasjon I-stjerner vil derfor sannsynligvis ha et mer betydelig planetsystem enn metallfattige populasjon II-stjerner. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Solsystemet">Solsystemet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=15" title="Rediger avsnitt: Solsystemet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Solsystemet"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:224px;max-width:224px"><div class="tsingle" style="margin:1px;width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbbilde"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Planets2008-no.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Planets2008-no.jpg/220px-Planets2008-no.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Planets2008-no.jpg/330px-Planets2008-no.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Planets2008-no.jpg/440px-Planets2008-no.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="clear:left">Planeter og <a href="/wiki/Dvergplanet" title="Dvergplanet">dvergplaneter</a> i solsystemet <i>(størrelsene er i skala, men ikke avstandene)</i></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="margin:1px;width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbbilde"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Terrestrial_planet_size_comparisons.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Terrestrial_planet_size_comparisons.jpg/220px-Terrestrial_planet_size_comparisons.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Terrestrial_planet_size_comparisons.jpg/330px-Terrestrial_planet_size_comparisons.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Terrestrial_planet_size_comparisons.jpg/440px-Terrestrial_planet_size_comparisons.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="653" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="clear:left">De indre planetene. Fra venstre mot høyre: <a href="/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur">Merkur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jorden" title="Jorden">jorden</a> og <a href="/wiki/Mars_(planet)" title="Mars (planet)">Mars</a> <i>(størrelsene er i skala, men ikke avstandene)</i></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="margin:1px;width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbbilde"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Gas_giants_and_the_Sun_(1_px_%3D_1000_km).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gas_giants_and_the_Sun_%281_px_%3D_1000_km%29.jpg/220px-Gas_giants_and_the_Sun_%281_px_%3D_1000_km%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gas_giants_and_the_Sun_%281_px_%3D_1000_km%29.jpg/330px-Gas_giants_and_the_Sun_%281_px_%3D_1000_km%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gas_giants_and_the_Sun_%281_px_%3D_1000_km%29.jpg/440px-Gas_giants_and_the_Sun_%281_px_%3D_1000_km%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1046" data-file-height="561" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="clear:left">De fire gasskjempene mot <a href="/wiki/Solen" title="Solen">solen</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neptun_(planet)" title="Neptun (planet)">Neptun</a> <i>(størrelsene er i skala, men ikke avstandene)</i></div></div></div></div> <div class="utdypende-artikkel" style="padding-left:2em; font-style: italic;"> <p>Utdypende artikkel: <a href="/wiki/Solsystemet" title="Solsystemet">Solsystemet</a>.&#160;Se også: <a href="/wiki/Liste_over_objekter_i_solsystemet_etter_st%C3%B8rrelse" title="Liste over objekter i solsystemet etter størrelse">Liste over objekter i solsystemet etter størrelse</a> </p> </div> <p>Ifølge <a href="/wiki/Den_internasjonale_astronomiske_union" title="Den internasjonale astronomiske union">IAU</a> er det åtte planeter og fem kjente dvergplaneter i <a href="/wiki/Solsystemet" title="Solsystemet">solsystemet</a>. I økende avstand fra <a href="/wiki/Solen" title="Solen">solen</a> er planetene: </p> <ol><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Mercury_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Merkur"><img alt="☿" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Mercury_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur">Merkur</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Venus_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Venus"><img alt="♀" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Venus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Earth_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Jorden"><img alt="🜨︎" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Earth_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Jorden" title="Jorden">Jorden</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Mars_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Mars"><img alt="♂" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Mars_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Mars_(planet)" title="Mars (planet)">Mars</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Jupiter_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Jupiter"><img alt="♃" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Jupiter_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Saturn_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Saturn"><img alt="♄" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Saturn_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Uranus_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Uranus"><img alt="⛢" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Uranus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Neptune_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det astronomiske symbolet for Neptun"><img alt="♆" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Neptune_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/15px-Neptune_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Neptune_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/23px-Neptune_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Neptune_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Neptune_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Neptun_(planet)" title="Neptun (planet)">Neptun</a></li></ol> <p>Jupiter er størst med 381 <a href="/wiki/Jordmasse" title="Jordmasse">jordmasser</a>, mens Merkur er minst med 0,055 jordmasser. </p><p>Planetene i solsystemet kan deles inn i kategorier basert på sammensetning: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Terrestrisk_planet" title="Terrestrisk planet">Terrestriske</a></i>: Planeter som ligner på jorden, med legemer primært sammensatt av <a href="/wiki/Bergart" title="Bergart">bergarter</a> – Merkur, Venus, jorden og Mars. Merkur er den minste og jorden er den største.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gasskjempe" title="Gasskjempe">Gasskjemper</a> (jovianere<sup id="cite_ref-Joviansk_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Joviansk-90"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>m<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>)</i>: Planeter primært sammensatt av <a href="/wiki/Gass" title="Gass">gassmaterialer</a> og som er betydelig mer massive enn de terrestriske – Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus og Neptun. Jupiter er den største planeten i solsystemet, mens Saturn er en tredjedel av størrelsen med 95&#160;jordmasser. <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Iskjempe" title="Iskjempe">Iskjemper</a></i>: Underklasse av gasskjempene bestående av Uranus og Neptun. Skiller seg fra gasskjempene ved den betydelig lavere massen (kun 14 og 17&#160;jordmassen) og reduksjonen av hydrogen og helium i atmosfærene sammen med en betydelig høyere andel av stein og is.</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dvergplanet" title="Dvergplanet">Dvergplaneter</a></i>: Før 2006 var flere objekter foreslått som planeter av astronomer, deriblant en gren av IUA. Fem objekter ble klassifiserte som dvergplaneter i 2006: Ceres, Pluto, Hamuea, Makemake og Eris. Opp til 50 andre objekter, både i <a href="/wiki/Asteroidebeltet" title="Asteroidebeltet">asteroidebeltet</a> og <a href="/wiki/Kuiperbeltet" title="Kuiperbeltet">Kuiperbeltet</a>, er under vurdering. Det kan være så mange som 200 objekter som kan oppdages når Kuiperbeltet er fullstendig utforsket. Dvergplaneter deler mange av egenskapene til planeter, men tilhører større populasjoner: Ceres er størst i asteroidebeltet, Pluto, Haumea og Makemake tilhører Kuiperbeltet og Eris tilhører <a href="/wiki/Den_spredte_skiven" title="Den spredte skiven">den spredte skiven</a>. Forskere som <a href="/wiki/Mike_Brown" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Brown">Mike Brown</a> tror at det kan finnes over hundre <a href="/wiki/Transneptunsk_objekt" title="Transneptunsk objekt">transneptunske objekter</a> som kvalifiserer som dvergplanter etter IAUs nye definisjon.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown2012_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown2012-91"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Planetegenskaper">Planetegenskaper</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=16" title="Rediger avsnitt: Planetegenskaper" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Planetegenskaper"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Type </th> <th>Navn </th> <th>Ekvator-<br />diameter<sup id="cite_ref-Omløpstid_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omløpstid-92"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>n<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Masse<sup id="cite_ref-Omløpstid_92-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omløpstid-92"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>n<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Bane-<br />radius (<a href="/wiki/Astronomisk_enhet" title="Astronomisk enhet">AE</a>) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Oml%C3%B8pstid" title="Omløpstid">Omløpstid</a><br />(år)<sup id="cite_ref-Omløpstid_92-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omløpstid-92"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>n<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Inklinasjon" title="Inklinasjon">Inklinasjon <br />mot solens <br />ekvator</a> (°) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Baneeksentrisitet" title="Baneeksentrisitet">Bane-<br />eksentrisitet</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Rotasjonsperiode" title="Rotasjonsperiode">Rotasjons-<br />periode</a><br />(dager) </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4" style="background:#def;"><a href="/wiki/Terrestrisk_planet" title="Terrestrisk planet">Terrestrisk planet</a> </th> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur">Merkur</a> </td> <td>0,382 </td> <td>0,06 </td> <td>0,39 </td> <td>0,24 </td> <td>3,38 </td> <td>0,206 </td> <td>58,64 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a> </td> <td>0,949 </td> <td>0,82 </td> <td>0,72 </td> <td>0,62 </td> <td>3,86 </td> <td>0,007 </td> <td>−243,02 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Jorden" title="Jorden">Jorden</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jorden_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jorden-93"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>o<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1,00 </td> <td>1,00 </td> <td>1,00 </td> <td>1,00 </td> <td>7,25 </td> <td>0,017 </td> <td>1,00 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Mars_(planet)" title="Mars (planet)">Mars</a> </td> <td>0,532 </td> <td>0,11 </td> <td>1,52 </td> <td>1,88 </td> <td>5,65 </td> <td>0,093 </td> <td>1,03 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4" style="background:#def;"><a href="/wiki/Gasskjempe" title="Gasskjempe">Gasskjempe</a> </th> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a> </td> <td>11,209 </td> <td>317,8 </td> <td>5,20 </td> <td>11,86 </td> <td>6,09 </td> <td>0,048 </td> <td>0,41 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a> </td> <td>9,449 </td> <td>95,2 </td> <td>9,54 </td> <td>29,46 </td> <td>5,51 </td> <td>0,054 </td> <td>0,43 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a> </td> <td>4,007 </td> <td>14,6 </td> <td>19,22 </td> <td>84,01 </td> <td>6,48 </td> <td>0,047 </td> <td>−0,72 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Neptun_(planet)" title="Neptun (planet)">Neptun</a> </td> <td>3,883 </td> <td>17,2 </td> <td>30,06 </td> <td>164,8 </td> <td>6,43 </td> <td>0,009 </td> <td>0,67 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="5" style="background:#def;"><a href="/wiki/Dvergplanet" title="Dvergplanet">Dvergplanet</a> </th> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dvergplanet)" title="Ceres (dvergplanet)">Ceres</a> </td> <td>0,08 </td> <td>0,000&#160;2 </td> <td>2,5–3,0 </td> <td>4,60 </td> <td>10,59 </td> <td>0,080 </td> <td>0,38 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a> </td> <td>0,18 </td> <td>0,0022 </td> <td>29,7–49,3 </td> <td>248,09 </td> <td>17,14 </td> <td>0,249 </td> <td>−6,39 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Haumea" title="Haumea">Haumea</a> </td> <td>0,15×0,12 </td> <td>0,0007 </td> <td>35,2–51,5 </td> <td>282,76 </td> <td>28,19 </td> <td>0,189 </td> <td>0,16 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Makemake" title="Makemake">Makemake</a> </td> <td>~0,12 </td> <td>0,0007 </td> <td>38,5–53,1 </td> <td>309,88 </td> <td>28,96 </td> <td>0,159 </td> <td>? </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Eris_(dvergplanet)" title="Eris (dvergplanet)">Eris</a> </td> <td>0,19 </td> <td>0,0025 </td> <td>37,8–97,6 </td> <td>~557 </td> <td>44,19 </td> <td>0,442 </td> <td>~0,3 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Type </th> <th>Navn </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Naturlig_satellitt" title="Naturlig satellitt">Måner</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jupiter_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jupiter-94"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>p<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Ringer </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Atmosf%C3%A6re" title="Atmosfære">Atmosfære</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4" style="background:#def;"><a href="/wiki/Terrestrisk_planet" title="Terrestrisk planet">Terrestrisk planet</a> </th> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur">Merkur</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td>nei </td> <td>minimalt </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td>nei </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karbondioksid" title="Karbondioksid">CO<sub>2</sub></a>, <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">N<sub>2</sub></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Jorden" title="Jorden">Jorden</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jorden_93-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jorden-93"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>o<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A5nen" title="Månen">1</a> </td> <td>nei </td> <td>N<sub>2</sub>, <a href="/wiki/Oksygen" title="Oksygen">O<sub>2</sub></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Mars_(planet)" title="Mars (planet)">Mars</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mars%27_m%C3%A5ner" class="mw-redirect" title="Mars&#39; måner">2</a> </td> <td>nei </td> <td>CO<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4" style="background:#def;"><a href="/wiki/Gasskjempe" title="Gasskjempe">Gasskjempe</a> </th> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jupiters_m%C3%A5ner" title="Jupiters måner">67</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jupiters_ringer" title="Jupiters ringer">ja</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">H<sub>2</sub></a>, <a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saturns_m%C3%A5ner" title="Saturns måner">62</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saturns_ringer" title="Saturns ringer">ja</a> </td> <td>H<sub>2</sub>, He </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uranus%27_m%C3%A5ner" class="mw-redirect" title="Uranus&#39; måner">27</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uranus%27_ringer" class="mw-redirect" title="Uranus&#39; ringer">ja</a> </td> <td>H<sub>2</sub>, He </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Neptun_(planet)" title="Neptun (planet)">Neptun</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Neptuns_m%C3%A5ner" title="Neptuns måner">14</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Neptuns_ringer" title="Neptuns ringer">ja</a> </td> <td>H<sub>2</sub>, He </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="5" style="background:#def;"><a href="/wiki/Dvergplanet" title="Dvergplanet">Dvergplanet</a> </th> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dvergplanet)" title="Ceres (dvergplanet)">Ceres</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td>nei </td> <td>ingen </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plutos_m%C3%A5ner" title="Plutos måner">5</a> </td> <td>nei </td> <td>midlertidig </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Haumea" title="Haumea">Haumea</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haumeas_m%C3%A5ner" title="Haumeas måner">2</a> </td> <td>? </td> <td>? </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Makemake" title="Makemake">Makemake</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td>? </td> <td>? <sup id="cite_ref-Makemake-Eris_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Makemake-Eris-95"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>q<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Eris_(dvergplanet)" title="Eris (dvergplanet)">Eris</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dysnomia_(m%C3%A5ne)" title="Dysnomia (måne)">1</a> </td> <td>? </td> <td>? <sup id="cite_ref-Makemake-Eris_95-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Makemake-Eris-95"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>q<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksoplaneter">Eksoplaneter</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=17" title="Rediger avsnitt: Eksoplaneter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eksoplaneter"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="utdypende-artikkel" style="padding-left:2em; font-style: italic;"> <p>Utdypende artikler: <a href="/wiki/Eksoplanet" title="Eksoplanet">Eksoplanet</a>&#160;og <a href="/wiki/Ekstragalaktisk_planet" title="Ekstragalaktisk planet">ekstragalaktisk planet</a> </p> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Exoplanet_Discovery_Methods_Bar.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Exoplanet_Discovery_Methods_Bar.png/250px-Exoplanet_Discovery_Methods_Bar.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Exoplanet_Discovery_Methods_Bar.png/375px-Exoplanet_Discovery_Methods_Bar.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Exoplanet_Discovery_Methods_Bar.png/500px-Exoplanet_Discovery_Methods_Bar.png 2x" data-file-width="8040" data-file-height="4800" /></a><figcaption>Eksoplaneter etter oppdagelsesår frem til 10. juli 2011.</figcaption></figure> <p>Tidlig i 1992 annonserte <a href="/wiki/Radioastronomi" title="Radioastronomi">radioastronomene</a> <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_Wolszczan" title="Aleksander Wolszczan">Aleksander Wolszczan</a> og <a href="/wiki/Dale_Frail" title="Dale Frail">Dale Frail</a> oppdagelsen av to planeter i bane rundt <a href="/wiki/Pulsar" title="Pulsar">pulsaren</a> <a href="/wiki/PSR_B1257%2B12" title="PSR B1257+12">PSR B1257+12</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolszczan1992145–147_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolszczan1992145–147-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Oppdagelsen anses som den første definitive oppdagelsen av eksoplaneter. Pulsarene antas å ha blitt dannet fra de uvanlige restene etter <a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">supernovaen</a> som produserte pulsaren i den andre runden av planetdannelser, eller å være restene etter steinete kjerner fra <a href="/wiki/Gasskjempe" title="Gasskjempe">gasskjemper</a> som overlevde supernovaen og så falt inn i sine nåværende baner. </p><p>Den første bekreftede oppdagelsen av en eksoplanet i bane rundt en vanlig hovedseriestjerne fant sted 6. oktober 1995, da <a href="/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor">Michel Mayor</a> og <a href="/wiki/Didier_Queloz" title="Didier Queloz">Didier Queloz</a> ved <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Gen%C3%A8ve" class="mw-redirect" title="Université de Genève">Université de Genève</a> offentliggjorde oppdagelsen av en eksoplanet rundt <a href="/wiki/51_Pegasi" title="51 Pegasi">51 Pegasi</a>. De fleste av de 5&#160;366&#160;eksoplanetene oppdaget per 3. mai 2023,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneider2011_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneider2011-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> har masser som er sammenlignbare med eller større enn Jupiter. Eksoplaneter med masser like under Merkur til mange ganger Jupiter har imidlertid også blitt observert.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneider2011_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneider2011-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> De minste kjente eksoplanetene går i bane rundt utbrente stjernerester kalt <a href="/wiki/Pulsar" title="Pulsar">pulsarer</a>, slik som <a href="/wiki/PSR_B1257%2B12" title="PSR B1257+12">PSR B1257+12</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKennedy2005_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy2005-96"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Exoplanet_Comparison_HR_8799_c.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Exoplanet_Comparison_HR_8799_c.png/250px-Exoplanet_Comparison_HR_8799_c.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Exoplanet_Comparison_HR_8799_c.png/375px-Exoplanet_Comparison_HR_8799_c.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Exoplanet_Comparison_HR_8799_c.png/500px-Exoplanet_Comparison_HR_8799_c.png 2x" data-file-width="1040" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>En sammenligning mellom størrelsen på <a href="/wiki/HR_8799_c" title="HR 8799 c">HR 8799 c</a> (grå) og <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a>. De fleste eksoplanetene oppdaget så langt er større enn Jupiter.</figcaption></figure> <p>De største eksoplanetene, med masser fra 20 til 24 ganger Jupiters, faller inn under kategorien «<a href="/wiki/Super-Jupiter" title="Super-Jupiter">super-Jupiter</a>». I 2011 kjente man til 180 slike planeter, noen av dem <a href="/wiki/Hot_Jupiter" title="Hot Jupiter">varme</a>, andre kalde.<sup id="cite_ref-kitchin_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kitchin-97"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Selv om de veier mer enn Jupiter, er mange av dem omtrent like store.<sup id="cite_ref-kitchin_97-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kitchin-97"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Grovt regnet har det blitt funnet et dusin eksoplaneter med mellom 10 og 20 jordmasser,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneider2011_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneider2011-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> slik som de som går i bane rundt stjernene <a href="/wiki/My_Arae" title="My Arae">My Arae</a>, <a href="/wiki/55_Cancri" title="55 Cancri">55 Cancri</a> og <a href="/wiki/Gliese_436" title="Gliese 436">GJ 436</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESantosBouchyVauclairQueloz2004_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESantosBouchyVauclairQueloz2004-98"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kategorien «<a href="/wiki/Super-jord" title="Super-jord">super-jorder</a>» er mulige <a href="/wiki/Terrestrisk_planet" title="Terrestrisk planet">terrestriske planeter</a> som er større enn jorden, men mindre enn Neptun eller Uranus. Per 2013 har det blitt funnet ca. 45 mulige super-jorder (avhengig av massegrense). Disse inkluderer <a href="/wiki/OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb" title="OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb">OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb</a> og <a href="/wiki/MOA-2007-BLG-192Lb" title="MOA-2007-BLG-192Lb">MOA-2007-BLG-192Lb</a>, kalde isverdener oppdaget gjennom <a href="/wiki/Gravitasjonell_mikrolinsing" title="Gravitasjonell mikrolinsing">gravitasjonell mikrolinsing</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Science_News&#39;&#39;_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Science_News&#39;&#39;-99"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeaulieu2006437–440_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeaulieu2006437–440-100"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kepler-10b" title="Kepler-10b">Kepler-10b</a>, en planet med en diameter ca. 1,4 ganger jordens (den minste «super-jorden» som er målt)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler_Mission&#39;&#39;_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler_Mission&#39;&#39;-101"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> og fem av de seks planetene som går i bane rundt den nærliggende <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B8d_dverg" title="Rød dverg">røde dvergen</a> <a href="/wiki/Gliese_581" title="Gliese 581">Gliese 581</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Kepler_20_-_planet_lineup.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Kepler_20_-_planet_lineup.jpg/250px-Kepler_20_-_planet_lineup.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Kepler_20_-_planet_lineup.jpg/375px-Kepler_20_-_planet_lineup.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Kepler_20_-_planet_lineup.jpg/500px-Kepler_20_-_planet_lineup.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4200" data-file-height="2700" /></a><figcaption>Sammenligning av <a href="/wiki/Kepler-20e" title="Kepler-20e">Kepler-20e</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler20e&#39;&#39;_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler20e&#39;&#39;-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> og <a href="/wiki/Kepler-20f" title="Kepler-20f">Kepler-20f</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler20f&#39;&#39;_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler20f&#39;&#39;-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> med <a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a> og <a href="/wiki/Jorden" title="Jorden">jorden</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Gliese_581_d" title="Gliese 581 d">Gliese 581 d</a> har omtrent 7,7 ganger jordens masse,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Extrasolar_Planets_Encyclopedia&#39;&#39;_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Extrasolar_Planets_Encyclopedia&#39;&#39;-102"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> mens <a href="/wiki/Gliese_581_c" title="Gliese 581 c">Gliese 581 c</a> har ca. fem ganger jordens masse og var opprinnelig antatt å være den første terrestriske planeten funnet innenfor en stjernes <a href="/wiki/Beboelig_sone" title="Beboelig sone">beboelige sone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBBC_News,_&#39;&#39;New_&#39;super-Earth&#39;_found_in_space&#39;&#39;_103-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBBC_News,_&#39;&#39;New_&#39;super-Earth&#39;_found_in_space&#39;&#39;-103"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Mer detaljerte studier avslørte at de var litt for nære stjernen til å være beboelige. De avslørte også at den fjerneste planeten i systemet, Gliese 581 d, kunne potensielt være beboelig selv om den var mye kaldere enn jorden, dersom atmosfæren inneholdt tilstrekkelige mengder drivhusgasser.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBloh20071365–1371_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBloh20071365–1371-104"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>«Super-jorden» <a href="/wiki/Kepler-22b" title="Kepler-22b">Kepler-22b</a> ble senere bekreftet å gå i banen innenfor den beboelige sonen til sin stjerne.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBorucki2011_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBorucki2011-105"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Den 20. desember 2011 rapporterte laget bak <a href="/wiki/Kepler-teleskopet" class="mw-redirect" title="Kepler-teleskopet">Kepler-teleskopet</a> om oppdagelsen av den første eksoplaneten på <a href="/wiki/Terrestrisk_planet" title="Terrestrisk planet">størrelse med jorden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kepler-20e" title="Kepler-20e">Kepler-20e</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler20e&#39;&#39;_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler20e&#39;&#39;-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> og <a href="/wiki/Kepler-20f" title="Kepler-20f">Kepler-20f</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler20f&#39;&#39;_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler20f&#39;&#39;-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> i bane rundt en sol-lignende stjerne – <a href="/wiki/Kepler-20" title="Kepler-20">Kepler-20</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJohnson2011_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJohnson2011-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHand2011_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHand2011-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOverbye2011_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOverbye2011-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>En såkalt «<a href="/wiki/Eksentrisk_Jupiter" title="Eksentrisk Jupiter">eksentrisk Jupiter</a>» er en <a href="/wiki/Gasskjempe" title="Gasskjempe">gasskjempe</a> som roterer rundt sin <a href="/wiki/Stjerne" title="Stjerne">stjerne</a> i en svært <a href="/wiki/Baneeksentrisitet" title="Baneeksentrisitet">eksentrisk</a> bane. Den kan forhindre et <a href="/wiki/Planetsystem" title="Planetsystem">planetsystem</a> i å ha jordlignende planeter, fordi den som en massiv gasskjempe kan fjerne alle planeter med jordmasse fra den <a href="/wiki/Beboelig_sone" title="Beboelig sone">beboelige sone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-raymond_et_al2004_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-raymond_et_al2004-106"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:PlanetQuest-HD96167b.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PlanetQuest-HD96167b.png/250px-PlanetQuest-HD96167b.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/PlanetQuest-HD96167b.png 1.5x" data-file-width="351" data-file-height="268" /></a><figcaption>Den eksentriske Jupiter <a href="/wiki/HD_96167_b" title="HD 96167 b">HD 96167 b</a><sup id="cite_ref-Peek2009_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Peek2009-107"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> har en <a href="/wiki/Komet" title="Komet">kometlignende</a> bane.</figcaption></figure> <p>En egen klasse kalt «<a href="/wiki/Mini-Neptun" title="Mini-Neptun">mini-Neptun</a>», ligner på Neptun med deres tykke atmosfære, men har betydelig lavere masse.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> De ligner på «super-jordene» i størrelse, men ikke i sammensetning. Det er mulig de har en tykk atmosfære av <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">hydrogen</a> og <a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">helium</a> øverst og dype hav av <a href="/wiki/Vann" title="Vann">vann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ammoniakk" title="Ammoniakk">ammoniakk</a>, og tyngre stoffer under, men dette er ikke kjent med sikkerhet. </p><p>Det er uklart om de nyoppdagede store planetene ligner gasskjempene i solsystemet eller er av en ukjent type som for eksempel ammoniakk-kjemper eller <a href="/wiki/Karbonplanet" title="Karbonplanet">karbonplaneter</a>. Såkalte «<a href="/wiki/Hot_Neptun" title="Hot Neptun">hot Neptun</a>»-, «<a href="/wiki/Hot_Saturn" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot Saturn">hot Saturn</a>»- og «<a href="/wiki/Hot_Jupiter" title="Hot Jupiter">hot Jupiter</a>»-planeter går i tilnærmet sirkulære baner ekstremt nær moderstjernen, mottar langt mer <a href="/wiki/Solstr%C3%A5ling" title="Solstråling">stjernestråling</a> enn gasskjempene i solsystemet, og er neppe samme type planeter. </p><p>Gasskjempen <a href="/wiki/HD_189733_b" title="HD 189733 b">HD 189733 b</a> ble observert 5. oktober 2005 under en <a href="/wiki/Astronomisk_passasje" title="Astronomisk passasje">passasje</a> foran stjernen <a href="/wiki/HD_189733" title="HD 189733">HD 189733</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bouchy-05_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bouchy-05-109"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Den er den første som ble oppdaget med <a href="/wiki/Karbondioksid" title="Karbondioksid">karbondioksid</a> i atmosfæren. Den 11. juli 2007 ble det påvist betydelige mengder <a href="/wiki/Vann" title="Vann">vanndamp</a>, nøytralt <a href="/wiki/Oksygen" title="Oksygen">oksygen</a> og organisk sammensatt <a href="/wiki/Metan" title="Metan">metan</a> i atmosfæren.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-agol_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-agol-111"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nature-methane_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nature-methane-112"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:COROT-2b_loses_mass.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/COROT-2b_loses_mass.jpg/250px-COROT-2b_loses_mass.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/COROT-2b_loses_mass.jpg/375px-COROT-2b_loses_mass.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/COROT-2b_loses_mass.jpg/500px-COROT-2b_loses_mass.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7200" data-file-height="5100" /></a><figcaption>Kunstners fremstilling av <a href="/wiki/COROT-2b" title="COROT-2b">COROT-2b</a><sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> som mister masse rundt stjernen <a href="/wiki/COROT-2" title="COROT-2">COROT-2</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>«Hot Neptun», er som navnet tilsier, planeter med en masse som tilsvarer <a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a> eller <a href="/wiki/Neptun_(planet)" title="Neptun (planet)">Neptun</a>. <a href="/wiki/My_Arae_c" title="My Arae c">My Arae c</a>, som roterer rundt stjernen <a href="/wiki/My_Arae" title="My Arae">My Arae</a>, ble oppdaget 25. august 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEuropean_Southern_Observatory,_&#39;&#39;Fourteen_Times_the_Earth&#39;&#39;_25._august_2004_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEuropean_Southern_Observatory,_&#39;&#39;Fourteen_Times_the_Earth&#39;&#39;_25._august_2004-115"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Andre eksempler er <a href="/wiki/Gliese_436_b" title="Gliese 436 b">Gliese 436 b</a><sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> rundt den røde dvergen <a href="/wiki/Gliese_436" title="Gliese 436">Gliese 436</a> og <a href="/wiki/HAT-P-11b" title="HAT-P-11b">HAT-P-11b</a><sup id="cite_ref-Bakos2010_117-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bakos2010-117"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> rundt stjernen <a href="/wiki/HAT-P-11" title="HAT-P-11">HAT-P-11</a>. </p><p>«Hot Saturn» (også kalt <i>puffy planets</i>) er planeter med lavere tetthet enn «hot Jupiter»; eksempler er <a href="/wiki/HAT-P-1b" title="HAT-P-1b">HAT-P-1b</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-HAT-P-1_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HAT-P-1-118"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-puffy_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-puffy-119"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/COROT-1b" title="COROT-1b">COROT-1b</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-barge08_120-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-barge08-120"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/TrES-4b" title="TrES-4b">TrES-4b</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Mandushev2007_121-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mandushev2007-121"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/WASP-12b" title="WASP-12b">WASP-12b</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-oasis_122-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oasis-122"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/WASP-17b" title="WASP-17b">WASP-17b</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ABSTRACT_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABSTRACT-123"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> og <a href="/wiki/Kepler-7b" title="Kepler-7b">Kepler-7b</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-keplerreport_124-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-keplerreport-124"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Disse planetene har mindre masse enn Jupiter, men er likevel ofte større. HAT-P-1b har for eksempel mindre enn halvparten av Jupiters masse, mens diameteren er 1.38 ganger større.<sup id="cite_ref-chang_125-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chang-125"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Chthonisk_planet" title="Chthonisk planet">Chthoniske planeter</a> er teoretiske planeter, som går i bane så nær moderstjernen at atmosfæren har blitt blåst vekk av stjernestrålingen. Eksempelvis er atmosfæren i ferd med å blåses vekk på <a href="/wiki/HD_209458_b" title="HD 209458 b">HD 209458 b</a> som roterer rundt stjernen <a href="/wiki/HD_209458" title="HD 209458">HD 209458</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-barman_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-barman-126"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Det er ennå ikke med sikkerhet påvist noen genuine chthoniske planeter.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELecavelier_des_Etangs2004L1–L4_127-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELecavelier_des_Etangs2004L1–L4-127"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/COROT-7b" title="COROT-7b">COROT-7b</a>, som ble oppdaget i februar 2009 omkring stjernen <a href="/wiki/COROT-7" title="COROT-7">COROT-7</a>, er blitt foreslått som en kandidat, men dette er ennå ikke fastslått med sikkerhet.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAstroBiology_Magazine,_&#39;&#39;Exoplanets_Exposed_to_the_Core&#39;&#39;_128-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAstroBiology_Magazine,_&#39;&#39;Exoplanets_Exposed_to_the_Core&#39;&#39;-128"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBBC_News,_&#39;&#39;Super-Earth_&#39;began_as_giant&#39;&#39;&#39;_129-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBBC_News,_&#39;&#39;Super-Earth_&#39;began_as_giant&#39;&#39;&#39;-129"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:ConceptJKV-Gliese876-e.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/ConceptJKV-Gliese876-e.png/250px-ConceptJKV-Gliese876-e.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/ConceptJKV-Gliese876-e.png/375px-ConceptJKV-Gliese876-e.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/ConceptJKV-Gliese876-e.png/500px-ConceptJKV-Gliese876-e.png 2x" data-file-width="1587" data-file-height="919" /></a><figcaption>Kunstners fremstilling av <a href="/wiki/Gliese_876_e" title="Gliese 876 e">Gliese 876 e</a><sup id="cite_ref-Rivera2010_130-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rivera2010-130"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> som går rundt den <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B8d_dverg" title="Rød dverg">røde dvergen</a> <a href="/wiki/Gliese_876" title="Gliese 876">Gliese 876</a> 15 lysår unna.</figcaption></figure> <p>Mer detaljerte observasjoner av eksoplaneter vil kreve en ny generasjon av instrumenter, inkludert <a href="/wiki/Romteleskop" title="Romteleskop">romteleskoper</a>. Per tid søker <a href="/wiki/COROT_space_telescope" class="mw-redirect" title="COROT space telescope">COROT</a> og <a href="/wiki/Kepler-teleskopet" class="mw-redirect" title="Kepler-teleskopet">Kepler</a>-teleskopene etter variasjoner i lysstyrken til stjerner forårsaket av <a href="/wiki/Astronomisk_passasje" title="Astronomisk passasje">passerende planeter</a>. Flere prosjekter har også blitt foreslått for å danne en pil av romteleskoper som skal søke etter eksoplaneter med masser sammenlignbare med jorden. Disse inkluderer det <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASAs</a> foreslåtte <a href="/wiki/Terrestrial_Planet_Finder" title="Terrestrial Planet Finder">Terrestrial Planet Finder</a> og <a href="/wiki/Space_Interferometry_Mission" title="Space Interferometry Mission">Space Interferometry Mission</a> og CNES' <a href="/wiki/PEGASE" title="PEGASE">PEGASE</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECurtis_131-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECurtis-131"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/New_Worlds_Mission" title="New Worlds Mission">New Worlds Mission</a> er en okkulterende enhet som kan arbeide i konjunksjon med <a href="/wiki/James_Webb_Space_Telescope" class="mw-redirect" title="James Webb Space Telescope">James Webb Space Telescope</a>. Finansieringen for noen av disse prosjektene er imidlertid ukjent. De første spektra av eksoplaneter ble rapportert i februar 2007 (<a href="/wiki/HD_209458_b" title="HD 209458 b">HD 209458 b</a> og <a href="/wiki/HD_189733_b" title="HD 189733 b">HD 189733 b</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETabathaCalvin2007_132-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETabathaCalvin2007-132"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERIchardson2007892_133-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERIchardson2007892-133"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Frekvensene av slike terrestriske planeter er en av variablene i <a href="/wiki/Drakes_ligning" title="Drakes ligning">Drakes ligning</a> som anslår antallet <a href="/wiki/Romvesen" title="Romvesen">intelligente, kommuniserende sivilisasjoner</a> i vår <a href="/wiki/Galakse" title="Galakse">galakse</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDrake2003_134-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDrake2003-134"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Astronomer operer også med teoretiske <a href="/wiki/Ekstragalaktisk_planet" title="Ekstragalaktisk planet">ekstragalaktiske planeter</a> i andre <a href="/wiki/Galakse" title="Galakse">galakser</a> enn vår egen, <a href="/wiki/Melkeveien" title="Melkeveien">Melkeveien</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ved å bruke <a href="/wiki/Gravitasjonell_mikrolinsing" title="Gravitasjonell mikrolinsing">gravitasjonell mikrolinsing</a> hevdet et team av forskere i juni 2009, at de hadde oppdaget en planet med en masse 6-7 ganger Jupiters i <a href="/wiki/Andromedagalaksen" title="Andromedagalaksen">Andromedagalaksen</a>, i det <a href="/wiki/Den_lokale_gruppen" title="Den lokale gruppen">nærmeste galaktiske nabolaget</a>. Den vil i så fall være den første som er oppdaget i Andromeda.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Objekter_med_planetmasse">Objekter med planetmasse</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=18" title="Rediger avsnitt: Objekter med planetmasse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Objekter med planetmasse"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Et objekt med planetmasse (PMO eller planemo) er et himmellegeme som er tilstrekkelig massiv til å oppnå hydrostatisk likevekt (bli rundt på grunn av sin egen tyngdekraft), men ikke så massiv at den kan opprettholde fusjon i kjernen som en stjerne.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBasri2006193–216_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBasri2006193–216-57"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Per definisjon er alle planeter <i>objekter med planetmasse</i>, men formålet med begrepet er å beskrive objekter som ikke følger typiske forventninger for en planet. Disse inkluderer <a href="/wiki/Dvergplanet" title="Dvergplanet">dvergplaneter</a>, de større <a href="/wiki/Naturlig_satellitt" title="Naturlig satellitt">månene</a>, frittflytende planeter som ikke går i bane rundt en stjerne, slik som falske planeter som er skutt ut fra sitt system, og objekter som ble dannet gjennom en skykollaps snarere enn <a href="/wiki/Akkresjon" title="Akkresjon">akkresjon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sub-brun_dverg" title="Sub-brun dverg">sub-brune dverger</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interstellare_planeter">Interstellare planeter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=19" title="Rediger avsnitt: Interstellare planeter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Interstellare planeter"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="utdypende-artikkel" style="padding-left:2em; font-style: italic;"> <p>Utdypende artikkel: <a href="/wiki/Interstellar_planet" title="Interstellar planet">Interstellar planet</a> </p> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Alone_in_Space_-_Astronomers_Find_New_Kind_of_Planet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Alone_in_Space_-_Astronomers_Find_New_Kind_of_Planet.jpg/250px-Alone_in_Space_-_Astronomers_Find_New_Kind_of_Planet.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Alone_in_Space_-_Astronomers_Find_New_Kind_of_Planet.jpg/375px-Alone_in_Space_-_Astronomers_Find_New_Kind_of_Planet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Alone_in_Space_-_Astronomers_Find_New_Kind_of_Planet.jpg/500px-Alone_in_Space_-_Astronomers_Find_New_Kind_of_Planet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3186" data-file-height="2390" /></a><figcaption>Kunstners fremstilling av en interstellar planet.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Datasimulering" title="Datasimulering">Datasimuleringer</a> av dannelsen av stjerne- og planetsystemer har antydet at noen objekter med planetmasse vil forsvinne ut i det interstellare rommet.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELissauer1987239–265_138-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELissauer1987239–265-138"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Enkelte forskere har hevdet at slike objekter funnet vandrende i det dype rommet burde klassifiseres som «planeter», mens andre har foreslått at de er stjerner med lav masse.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELuhman2005L93_139-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELuhman2005L93-139"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClavin2005_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClavin2005-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sub-brune_dverger">Sub-brune dverger</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=20" title="Rediger avsnitt: Sub-brune dverger" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Sub-brune dverger"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="utdypende-artikkel" style="padding-left:2em; font-style: italic;"> <p>Utdypende artikkel: <a href="/wiki/Sub-brun_dverg" title="Sub-brun dverg">Sub-brun dverg</a> </p> </div> <p>Stjerner dannes ved at gasskyer <a href="/wiki/Gravitasjonskollaps" title="Gravitasjonskollaps">kollapser</a>, men mindre objekter kan også dannes via skykollapser. Objekter med planetmasse som dannes på denne måten kalles noen ganger sub-brune dverger. Sub-brune dverger kan være frittflytende, slik som <a href="/wiki/Cha_110913-773444" title="Cha 110913-773444">Cha 110913-773444</a>, eller gå i bane rundt et større objekt slik som <a href="/wiki/2MASS_J04414489%2B2301513" title="2MASS J04414489+2301513">2MASS J04414489+2301513</a>. </p><p>For en kort periode i 2006 trodde astronomer at de hadde funnet et binærsystem med slike objekter, <a href="/wiki/Oph_162225-240515" title="Oph 162225-240515">Oph 162225-240515</a>, som oppdagerne beskrev som «planemos», eller «planetmasse-objekter». Senere analyser fastslo at hver av massene trolig er større enn tretten jupitermasser, og at de er to <a href="/wiki/Brun_dverg" title="Brun dverg">brune dverger</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClose20071492_140-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClose20071492-140"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELuhman20071629–1636_141-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELuhman20071629–1636-141"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBritt2004_142-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBritt2004-142"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tidligere_stjerner">Tidligere stjerner</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=21" title="Rediger avsnitt: Tidligere stjerner" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Tidligere stjerner"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I <a href="/wiki/Dobbeltstjerne" title="Dobbeltstjerne">dobbeltstjernesystemer</a> hvor stjernene er nær hverandre kan en av stjernene miste masse til en tyngre ledsager, og bli et objekt med planetmasse. Et eksempel er et objekt med Jupiter-masse i bane rundt <a href="/wiki/Pulsar" title="Pulsar">pulsaren</a> <a href="/wiki/PSR_J1719-1438" title="PSR J1719-1438">PSR J1719-1438</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBailes20111717–1720_143-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBailes20111717–1720-143"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Satellittplaneter_og_belteplaneter">Satellittplaneter og belteplaneter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=22" title="Rediger avsnitt: Satellittplaneter og belteplaneter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Satellittplaneter og belteplaneter"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Noen store satellitter er like store eller større enn planeten <a href="/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur">Merkur</a>, for eksempel <a href="/wiki/Jupiters_m%C3%A5ner" title="Jupiters måner">Jupiters</a> <a href="/wiki/Galileiske_m%C3%A5ner" title="Galileiske måner">galileiske måner</a> og <a href="/wiki/Titan_(m%C3%A5ne)" title="Titan (måne)">Titan</a>. <a href="/wiki/Alan_Stern" title="Alan Stern">Alan Stern</a> har argumentert for at kun geofysiske egenskaper skal telle i en planetdefinisjon, uavhengig av beliggenhet. Han har foreslått begrepet <i>satellittplanet</i> for en satellitt på størrelse med en planet. På samme måte skulle <a href="/wiki/Dvergplanet" title="Dvergplanet">dvergplaneter</a> i <a href="/wiki/Asteroidebeltet" title="Asteroidebeltet">asteroidebeltet</a> og <a href="/wiki/Kuiperbeltet" title="Kuiperbeltet">Kuiperbeltet</a> også betraktes som planeter ifølge Stern.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVilard2010_144-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVilard2010-144"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Egenskaper">Egenskaper</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=23" title="Rediger avsnitt: Egenskaper" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=23" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Egenskaper"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hver planet har unike fysiske egenskaper, men også en rekke fellestrekk. Ringer og naturlige satellitter har til nå bare blitt observert i <a href="/wiki/Solsystemet" title="Solsystemet">solsystemet</a>, mens andre egenskaper er også vanlige for eksoplaneter. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dynamiske_egenskaper">Dynamiske egenskaper</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=24" title="Rediger avsnitt: Dynamiske egenskaper" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=24" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Dynamiske egenskaper"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bane">Bane</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=25" title="Rediger avsnitt: Bane" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=25" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Bane"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="utdypende-artikkel" style="padding-left:2em;"><i>Se også: <a href="/wiki/Bane" title="Bane">Bane</a>&#160;og <a href="/wiki/Keplers_lover_for_planetenes_bevegelser" class="mw-redirect" title="Keplers lover for planetenes bevegelser">Keplers lover for planetenes bevegelser</a></i></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:TheKuiperBelt_Orbits_Pluto_Ecliptic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/TheKuiperBelt_Orbits_Pluto_Ecliptic.svg/250px-TheKuiperBelt_Orbits_Pluto_Ecliptic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/TheKuiperBelt_Orbits_Pluto_Ecliptic.svg/375px-TheKuiperBelt_Orbits_Pluto_Ecliptic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/TheKuiperBelt_Orbits_Pluto_Ecliptic.svg/500px-TheKuiperBelt_Orbits_Pluto_Ecliptic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="200" /></a><figcaption>Banen til planeten Neptun sammenlignet med <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Plutos</a>. Legg merke til <a href="/wiki/Elongasjon" title="Elongasjon">elongasjonen</a> til Plutos bane i forhold til Neptuns (<a href="/wiki/Baneeksentrisitet" title="Baneeksentrisitet">eksentrisitet</a>), så vel som dens store vinkel mot <a href="/wiki/Ekliptikken" title="Ekliptikken">ekliptikken</a> (<a href="/wiki/Inklinasjon" title="Inklinasjon">inklinasjon</a>).</figcaption></figure> <p>I henhold til de nåværende definisjonene går alle planeter i omløp rundt stjerner, og «<a href="/wiki/Interstellar_planet" title="Interstellar planet">frie planeter</a>» er ekskludert. I solsystemet går alle planetene i bane rundt solen i samme retning som solen roterer (mot klokken sett ovenfra solens nordpol). Minst én eksoplanet, <a href="/wiki/WASP-17b" title="WASP-17b">WASP-17b</a>, går i bane mot rotasjonsretningen til sin stjerne.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson2009_145-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson2009-145"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Tiden for et omløp av en planets bane er kjent som dens <a href="/wiki/Oml%C3%B8pstid" title="Omløpstid">sideriske omløpstid</a> eller <i><a href="/wiki/%C3%85r" title="År">år</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung1902324–327_146-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung1902324–327-146"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> En planets år avhenger av avstanden fra stjernen; jo lengre unna den er stjernen, jo lengre varer et år. Dette skyldes en lengre bane rundt stjernen, men også at hastigheten blir mindre siden den er mindre påvirket av stjernens <a href="/wiki/Tyngdekraft" title="Tyngdekraft">gravitasjon</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Semimajoraxis.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Semimajoraxis.svg/250px-Semimajoraxis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Semimajoraxis.svg/375px-Semimajoraxis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Semimajoraxis.svg/500px-Semimajoraxis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="87" /></a><figcaption>Illustrasjon av store halvakse</figcaption></figure> <p>Fordi ingen planets bane er perfekt sirkulær, varierer avstanden fra stjernen i løpet av et år. Det nærmeste punktet fra stjernen kalles periastrum (<a href="/wiki/Perihelium" title="Perihelium">perihelium</a> i solsystemet), mens punktet lengst unna kalles apastrum (<a href="/wiki/Aphelium" title="Aphelium">aphelium</a>). På vei mot periastrum øker hastigheten siden den gravitasjonelle potensielle energien endres til kinetisk energi, akkurat som objekter i fritt fall på jorden akselererer mens de faller. På vei mot apastrum avtar hastigheten, liksom et objekt som kastes oppover på jorden mister hastigheten når den nærmer seg toppen av banen.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDvorak2005_147-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDvorak2005-147"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hver planets bane har et sett med <a href="/wiki/Baneelement" title="Baneelement">baneelementer</a>: </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Orbit1_no.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Orbit1_no.svg/250px-Orbit1_no.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Orbit1_no.svg/375px-Orbit1_no.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Orbit1_no.svg/500px-Orbit1_no.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="555" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Skisse av et referanseplan (grått) og en banes vinkel eller inklinasjon (gul).</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Baneeksentrisitet" title="Baneeksentrisitet">Eksentrisiteten</a></i> til en bane beskriver dens <a href="/wiki/Elongasjon" title="Elongasjon">elongasjon</a>. Planeter med lav eksentrisitet har mer sirkulære baner, mens høy eksentrisitet gir mer elliptiske baner. Planetene i solsystemet har svært lave eksentrisiteter, og er derfor nær sirkulære baner.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung1902324–327_146-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung1902324–327-146"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Kometer og Kuiperlegemer (så vel som flere eksoplaneter) har svært høye eksentrisiteter, og dermed svært elliptiske baner.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoorhead2008475_148-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoorhead2008475-148"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;The_Astrophysics_Spectator&#39;&#39;_149-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;The_Astrophysics_Spectator&#39;&#39;-149"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Store_halvakse" title="Store halvakse">Store halvakse</a></i> er avstanden fra en planet til midtpunktet langs den lengste diameteren av dens elliptiske bane (se bilde). Avstanden er ikke det samme som apastrum, siden ingen planet har sin stjerne nøyaktig i midten av sin bane.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung1902324–327_146-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung1902324–327-146"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Inklinasjon" title="Inklinasjon">Inklinasjonen</a></i> er den <a href="/wiki/Vinkel" title="Vinkel">vinkelen</a> en planets baneplan danner i forhold til et referanseplan. I solsystemet er <a href="/wiki/Ekliptikken" title="Ekliptikken">ekliptikken</a> (jordens bane) brukt som referanseplan. En inklinasjon på 0° betyr en bane rundt jordens ekvator, 90° en bane rundt polene, og 180° en bane rundt ekvator i motsatt retning av jordrotasjonen. For eksoplaneter er planet, kjent som <i>himmelplanet</i> eller <i>planet til himmelen</i>, planet til observatørens siktlinje fra jorden.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETatum2007kap._17_150-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETatum2007kap._17-150"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> De åtte planetene i solsystemet ligger svært nær ekliptikken; kometer og <a href="/wiki/Kuiperbeltet" title="Kuiperbeltet">kuiperlegemer</a> som Pluto ligger ved langt mer ekstreme vinkler mot den.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETrujillo2002L125_151-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETrujillo2002L125-151"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Punktene hvor en planet krysser over og under referanseplanet kalles <a href="/wiki/Baneplanknute" title="Baneplanknute">oppstigende</a> og <a href="/wiki/Baneplanknute" title="Baneplanknute">nedstigende knute</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung1902324–327_146-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung1902324–327-146"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Lengden_til_oppstigende_knute" title="Lengden til oppstigende knute">Lengden til den oppstigende knuten</a> er vinkelen mellom referanseplanets 0-lengde og planetens oppstigende knute. Periapsisargumentet (eller <a href="/wiki/Perihelargument" title="Perihelargument">perihelium</a> i solsystemet) er vinkelen mellom planetens oppstigende knute og dens nærmeste punkt til stjernen.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung1902324–327_146-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung1902324–327-146"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Aksehelning">Aksehelning</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=26" title="Rediger avsnitt: Aksehelning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=26" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Aksehelning"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Aksehelning-oblikvitet.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Aksehelning-oblikvitet.svg/250px-Aksehelning-oblikvitet.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Aksehelning-oblikvitet.svg/375px-Aksehelning-oblikvitet.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Aksehelning-oblikvitet.svg/500px-Aksehelning-oblikvitet.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="590" /></a><figcaption>Jordens aksehelning er ca. 23°.</figcaption></figure> <p>Planeter har også varierende grader av <a href="/wiki/Aksehelning" title="Aksehelning">aksehelning</a>; de ligger ved en vinkel mot planet til sine <a href="/wiki/Inklinasjon" title="Inklinasjon">stjerners ekvator</a>. Dette gjør at mengden lys som treffer de ulike halvkulene varierer i løpet av et år; når den nordlige halvkulen er lengst bort fra stjernen, er den sørlige halvkulen nærmest, og vice versa. Hver planet innehar derfor <a href="/wiki/%C3%85rstid" title="Årstid">årstider</a> – endringer i klimaet over et år. Tidspunktene for når hemisfærene peker bort eller mot stjernen er kjent som <a href="/wiki/Solverv" title="Solverv">solverv</a>. Hver planet har to solverv i løpet av et omløp rundt sin stjerne; når den ene halvkulen har sommersolverv – når dagen er lengst – har den andre vintersolverv – når dagen er kortest. </p><p>Den varierende mengden av lys og varme som når hver av halvkulene skaper årlige endringer i værmønstre for hver halvdel av planeten. Jupiters aksehelning er svært liten; årstidenes endringer er derfor minimale. Uranus har en aksehelning så ekstrem at den tilnærmet ligger på siden, slik at halvkulene enten har uavbrutt sollys eller uavbrutt mørke rundt tidspunktet for solverv.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey2006_152-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarvey2006-152"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Blant eksoplanetene er aksehelningene ikke kjent med sikkerhet, men de fleste «<a href="/wiki/Hot_Jupiter" title="Hot Jupiter">hot Jupiter</a>»-planetene antas å ha en ubetydelig til ingen aksehelning som et resultat av nærheten til moderstjernene.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWinn2005L159_153-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWinn2005L159-153"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Rotasjon">Rotasjon</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=27" title="Rediger avsnitt: Rotasjon" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=27" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Rotasjon"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Planetene roterer rundt en usynlig akse gjennom sentrum. <a href="/wiki/Rotasjonsperiode" title="Rotasjonsperiode">Rotasjonsperioden</a> er kjent som en <a href="/wiki/Dag" title="Dag">dag</a>. De fleste av planetene i solsystemet roterer i samme retning som solen, som er mot klokken sett fra ovenfra solens <a href="/wiki/Polene_til_astronomiske_legemer" title="Polene til astronomiske legemer">nordpol</a>. Unntaket er Venus<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldstein1963910–911_154-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldstein1963910–911-154"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> og Uranus<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBelton1984327_155-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBelton1984327-155"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> som roterer med klokken. På grunn av Uranus' ekstreme aksehelning er det ulike konvensjoner om hvilken av polene som er «nord», og dermed også om den roterer med eller mot klokken.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBorgia2006195–206_156-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBorgia2006195–206-156"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Uavhengig av konvensjonen som brukes har Uranus en <a href="/wiki/Retrograd_bevegelse" class="mw-redirect" title="Retrograd bevegelse">retrograd rotasjon</a> relativ til sin bane. </p><p>Rotasjonen kan settes i gang av flere faktorer under dannelsen. Et netto <a href="/wiki/Drivmoment" title="Drivmoment">drivmoment</a> kan settes i gang av de individuelle drivmomentbidragene til akkreterte objekter. Gasskjempenes akkresjon av gass kan også bidra til drivmomentet. I de siste fasene av dannelsen, kan en <a href="/wiki/Stokastisk_prosess" title="Stokastisk prosess">stokastisk prosess</a> med protoplanetarisk akkresjon tilfeldig endre spinnaksen.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELissauer1993129–174_157-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELissauer1993129–174-157"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> I solsystemet er det stor variasjon i lengden på dagene til de respektive planetene. Venusdøgnet tilsvarer 243 dager på jorden, mens gasskjempenes døgn tilsvarer noen få timer på jorden.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrobel_158-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrobel-158"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rotasjonsperioden til eksoplaneter er ikke kjent, men nærheten til moderstjernene betyr at «hot Jupiter»-planeter er tidevannslåst (banene er synkron med stjernenes rotasjon). Det betyr at den ene siden alltid vil vende mot stjernen og være belyst, mens den andre alltid vil være mørklagt.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZarka2001293_159-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZarka2001293-159"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Banerydding">Banerydding</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=28" title="Rediger avsnitt: Banerydding" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=28" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Banerydding"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En planet har ryddet sitt nabolag. Den har akkumulert tilstrekkelig masse til å samle opp eller feie bort alle <a href="/wiki/Planetesimal" title="Planetesimal">planetesimalene</a> i sin bane. I praksis går en planet i en isolert bane rundt sin stjerne, i motsetning til å dele banen med en rekke tilsvarende store objekter. Denne egenskapen var et mandat som en del av <a href="/wiki/Den_internasjonale_astronomiske_union" title="Den internasjonale astronomiske union">IUA</a> <a href="/wiki/Planetdefinisjon" title="Planetdefinisjon">planetdefinisjon</a> i august 2006. Kriteriet ekskluderer <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eris_(dvergplanet)" title="Eris (dvergplanet)">Eris</a> og <a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dvergplanet)" title="Ceres (dvergplanet)">Ceres</a> som planeter, og de er i stedet klassifisert som <a href="/wiki/Dvergplanet" title="Dvergplanet">dvergplaneter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIAU,_&#39;&#39;Result_of_the_IAU_Resolution_votes&#39;&#39;_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIAU,_&#39;&#39;Result_of_the_IAU_Resolution_votes&#39;&#39;-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Selv om dette kriteriet per i dag kun gjelder for solsystemet, er det blitt funnet en rekke systemer av eksoplaneter hvor det ser ut til at rydding av nabolaget finner sted i skivene som omgir stjernene.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFaberQuillen2007_160-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFaberQuillen2007-160"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fysiske_egenskaper">Fysiske egenskaper</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=29" title="Rediger avsnitt: Fysiske egenskaper" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=29" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Fysiske egenskaper"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Masse">Masse</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=30" title="Rediger avsnitt: Masse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=30" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Masse"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="utdypende-artikkel" style="padding-left:2em; font-style: italic;"> <p>Utdypende artikler: <a href="/wiki/Masse" title="Masse">Masse</a>&#160;og <a href="/wiki/Hydrostatisk_likevekt" title="Hydrostatisk likevekt">hydrostatisk likevekt</a> </p> </div> <p>En planet er tilstrekkelig massiv til at kraften av dens egen gravitasjon dominerer over den <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetisme" title="Elektromagnetisme">elektromagnetiske kraften</a> som binder den fysiske strukturen – og fører til <a href="/wiki/Hydrostatisk_likevekt" title="Hydrostatisk likevekt">hydrostatisk likevekt</a>. Derfor er alle planeter tilnærmet <a href="/wiki/Kule_(geometri)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kule (geometri)">kuleformet</a>. Opp til en viss masse kan et objekt ha uregelmessig form, men utover det punktet, som varierer avhengig av legemets sammensetning, begynner gravitasjonen å trekke et objekt mot sitt eget sentrum av masse til legemet kollapser til en kule.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown2006_161-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown2006-161"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Massen skiller også planetene fra <a href="/wiki/Stjerne" title="Stjerne">stjerner</a>. Den øvre massegrensen for planeter er omtrent tretten ganger <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiters</a> masse for objekter med sollignende <a href="/wiki/Naturlig_forekomst" title="Naturlig forekomst">isotopforekomster</a>. Legemer med høyere masse har forhold egnet for <a href="/wiki/Kjernefysisk_fusjon" title="Kjernefysisk fusjon">kjernefysisk fusjon</a>. I solsystemet har kun solen en slik masse, men det finnes eksoplaneter med størrelsen. Det er ikke full enighet om grensen på tretten <a href="/wiki/Jupitermasse" title="Jupitermasse">jupitermasser</a>. <a href="/wiki/Extrasolar_Planets_Encyclopaedia" title="Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia">Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia</a> inkluderte frem til 2011 objekter med inntil 20 jupitermasser, og har senere satt en grense på 25 jupitermasser.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Scientific_American&#39;&#39;_162-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Scientific_American&#39;&#39;-162"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Exoplanet_Data_Explorer" title="Exoplanet Data Explorer">Exoplanet Data Explorer</a> inkluderer opp til 24 jupitermasser.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWrightFakhouriMarcyHan2010_163-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWrightFakhouriMarcyHan2010-163"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Den minste kjente planeten, <a href="/wiki/PSR_B1257%2B12_A" title="PSR B1257+12 A">PSR B1257+12 A</a>, ble oppdaget i 1994 i <a href="/wiki/Bane" title="Bane">bane</a> rundt en <a href="/wiki/Pulsar" title="Pulsar">pulsar</a>, og var en av de første eksoplanetene som ble oppdaget. Massen er omtrent halvparten av <a href="/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur">Merkurs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneider2011_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneider2011-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Den minste kjente planeten i bane rundt en <a href="/wiki/Hovedserien_(astronomi)" title="Hovedserien (astronomi)">hovedseriestjerne</a> utenom solen er <a href="/wiki/Kepler-20e" title="Kepler-20e">Kepler-20e</a> med en masse som omtrent tilsvarer <a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Indre_differensiering">Indre differensiering</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=31" title="Rediger avsnitt: Indre differensiering" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=31" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Indre differensiering"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="utdypende-artikkel" style="padding-left:2em; font-style: italic;"> <p>Utdypende artikkel: <a href="/wiki/Differensiering_(planetologi)" title="Differensiering (planetologi)">Planetær differensiering</a> </p> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Jupiter_interior.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Jupiter_interior.png/250px-Jupiter_interior.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Jupiter_interior.png/375px-Jupiter_interior.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Jupiter_interior.png/500px-Jupiter_interior.png 2x" data-file-width="551" data-file-height="510" /></a><figcaption>Illustrasjon av Jupiters indre, med en steinete kjerne dekket av et dypt lag av metallisk hydrogen</figcaption></figure> <p>Hver planet begynte sin eksistens i en helt flytende tilstand; i den tidlige formasjonen sank de tyngre materialene mot sentrum og etterlot de lettere materialene nær overflaten. Hver planet har derfor et differensiert indre bestående av en tett <a href="/wiki/Planetkjerne" title="Planetkjerne">planetkjerne</a> omgitt av en <a href="/wiki/Mantelen" title="Mantelen">mantel</a> som enten er eller var <a href="/wiki/Fluid" title="Fluid">flytende</a>. De <a href="/wiki/Terrestrisk_planet" title="Terrestrisk planet">terrestriske planetene</a> er forseglet med harde <a href="/wiki/Jordskorpen" title="Jordskorpen">skorper</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUniversity_of_Oregon_164-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUniversity_of_Oregon-164"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> men i gasskjempene løses mantelen bare opp i de øvre skylagene. </p><p>De terrestriske planetene har kjerner av magnetiske grunnstoffer som <a href="/wiki/Jern" title="Jern">jern</a> og <a href="/wiki/Nikkel" title="Nikkel">nikkel</a>, og mantler av <a href="/wiki/Silikat" title="Silikat">silikater</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a> og <a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a> antas å ha kjerner av bergarter og metall omgitt av mantler av <a href="/wiki/Metallisk_hydrogen" title="Metallisk hydrogen">metallisk hydrogen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElkins-Tanton2006_165-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEElkins-Tanton2006-165"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a> og <a href="/wiki/Neptun_(planet)" title="Neptun (planet)">Neptun</a> har kjerner omgitt av mantler av <a href="/wiki/Vann" title="Vann">vann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ammoniakk" title="Ammoniakk">ammoniakk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metan" title="Metan">metan</a> og andre <a href="/wiki/Volatiler" title="Volatiler">iser</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPodolak18851517–1522_166-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPodolak18851517–1522-166"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Væsken i deres kjerner danner en <a href="/wiki/Dynamoteori" title="Dynamoteori">geodynamo</a> som genererer et <a href="/wiki/Magnetfelt" title="Magnetfelt">magnetfelt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUniversity_of_Oregon_164-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUniversity_of_Oregon-164"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Atmosfære"><span id="Atmosf.C3.A6re"></span>Atmosfære</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=32" title="Rediger avsnitt: Atmosfære" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=32" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Atmosfære"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="utdypende-artikkel" style="padding-left:2em;"><i>Se også: <a href="/wiki/Ekstraterrestrisk_atmosf%C3%A6re" title="Ekstraterrestrisk atmosfære">Ekstraterrestrisk atmosfære</a></i></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Top_of_Atmosphere.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Top_of_Atmosphere.jpg/250px-Top_of_Atmosphere.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Top_of_Atmosphere.jpg/375px-Top_of_Atmosphere.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Top_of_Atmosphere.jpg/500px-Top_of_Atmosphere.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3027" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption>Jordens atmosfære</figcaption></figure> <p>Alle planetene i solsystemet unntatt <a href="/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur">Merkur</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHunten1988239_167-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHunten1988239-167"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> har <a href="/wiki/Atmosf%C3%A6re" title="Atmosfære">atmosfærer</a>, siden gravitasjonen er tilstrekkelig sterk til å holde gasser nær overflaten. De store gasskjempene er massive nok til å holde store mengder av de lette gassene <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">hydrogen</a> og <a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">helium</a> nært, mens de mindre planetene mister disse gassene ut i <a href="/wiki/Ytre_rom" class="mw-redirect" title="Ytre rom">rommet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESheppard2005518–525_168-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESheppard2005518–525-168"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sammensetningen av jordens atmosfære er annerledes enn hos de andre planetene fordi de ulike <a href="/wiki/Liv" title="Liv">livsprosessene</a> på planeten har introdusert fritt molekylært <a href="/wiki/Oksygen" title="Oksygen">oksygen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZeilik199867_169-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZeilik199867-169"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Planetatmosfærer påvirkes av ulike <a href="/wiki/Solinnstr%C3%A5ling" title="Solinnstråling">innstrålinger</a> eller indre energi som fører til dannelse av dynamiske <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A6r_(meteorologi)" title="Vær (meteorologi)">værsystemer</a> slik som <a href="/wiki/Orkan" title="Orkan">orkaner</a> (på jorden), <a href="/wiki/Sandstorm" title="Sandstorm">sandstormer</a> som dekker hele planeten (på Mars) og <a href="/wiki/Antisyklonsk_storm" title="Antisyklonsk storm">antisykloner</a> på Jupiter (<a href="/wiki/Den_store_r%C3%B8de_flekken" title="Den store røde flekken">den store røde flekken</a>) og <a href="/wiki/Neptuns_m%C3%B8rke_flekker" title="Neptuns mørke flekker">hull i atmosfæren</a> (på Neptun).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey2006_152-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarvey2006-152"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Minst én eksoplanet, <a href="/wiki/HD_189733_b" title="HD 189733 b">HD 189733 b</a>, har blitt hevdet å ha et slikt værsystem – lignende den store røde flekken, men dobbelt så stort.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnutson2007183–186_170-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnutson2007183–186-170"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>«Hot Jupiter»-planeter mister atmosfæren ut i rommet på grunn av nærheten til og strålingen fra moderstjernene omtrent på samme måte som halene til kometer.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeaverVillard2007_171-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeaverVillard2007-171"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBallester2007511_172-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBallester2007511-172"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Store varasjoner mellom temperaturene på dag- og nattsidene kan produsere supersoniske vinder.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarrington2006623–626_173-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarrington2006623–626-173"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dag- og nattsiden på HD&#160;189733&#160;b har tilsynelatende svært like temperaturer, og indikerer at atmosfæren effektivt fordeler stjernens energi rundt planeten.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnutson2007183–186_170-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnutson2007183–186-170"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Magnetosfære"><span id="Magnetosf.C3.A6re"></span>Magnetosfære</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=33" title="Rediger avsnitt: Magnetosfære" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=33" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Magnetosfære"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="utdypende-artikkel" style="padding-left:2em; font-style: italic;"> <p>Utdypende artikkel: <a href="/wiki/Magnetosf%C3%A6re" title="Magnetosfære">Magnetosfære</a> </p> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Structure_of_the_magnetosphere-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Structure_of_the_magnetosphere-en.svg/250px-Structure_of_the_magnetosphere-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Structure_of_the_magnetosphere-en.svg/375px-Structure_of_the_magnetosphere-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Structure_of_the_magnetosphere-en.svg/500px-Structure_of_the_magnetosphere-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="393" /></a><figcaption>Skjema over <a href="/wiki/Jordens_magnetfelt" title="Jordens magnetfelt">jordens magnetfelt</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Mange planeter har iboende <a href="/wiki/Magnetisk_moment" title="Magnetisk moment">magnetiske momenter</a> som gir opphav til magnetosfærer. Et magnetfelt indikerer at planeten fremdeles er geologisk aktiv, hvor strømmer av <a href="/wiki/Elektrisk_konduktivitet" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektrisk konduktivitet">elektrisk konduktive</a> materialer i det indre genererer magnetfeltene. Disse feltene endrer vekselvirkningen mellom planeten og <a href="/wiki/Solvind" title="Solvind">solvinden</a> betydelig. En magnetisert planet danner et hulrom i solvinden rundt seg selv (<a href="/wiki/Magnetosf%C3%A6re" title="Magnetosfære">magnetosfære</a>) som solvinden ikke kan trenge inn i. Magnetosfæren kan være mye større enn selve planeten. I motsetning har ikke-magnetiserte planeter bare en liten magnetosfære som kommer av vekselvirkningen mellom <a href="/wiki/Ionosf%C3%A6ren" title="Ionosfæren">ionosfæren</a> og solvinden, og denne kan ikke effektivt beskytte planeten.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKivelson2007519_174-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKivelson2007519-174"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Av de åtte planetene i solsystemet er det bare Venus og Mars som mangler magnetfelt.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKivelson2007519_174-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKivelson2007519-174"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> I tillegg har <a href="/wiki/Jupiters_m%C3%A5ner" title="Jupiters måner">jupitermånen</a> <a href="/wiki/Ganymedes_(m%C3%A5ne)" title="Ganymedes (måne)">Ganymedes</a> et magnetfelt. Av de magnetiserte planetene er magnetfeltet til Merkur det svakeste. Det er så vidt i stand til å avlede solvinden. Ganymedes magnetfelt er mange ganger større, og Jupiters er det største i solsystemet (så sterkt at det er en alvorlig helserisiko for fremtidige bemannede ekspedisjoner til månene). Magnetfeltene til de andre kjempeplanetene har omtrent tilsvarende styrke som <a href="/wiki/Jordens_magnetfelt" title="Jordens magnetfelt">jordens magnetfelt</a>, men det magnetiske momentet er betydelig større. Magnetfeltet til Uranus og Neptun heller sterkt relativt til rotasjonsaksen og er fordrevet fra sentrum av planeten.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKivelson2007519_174-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKivelson2007519-174"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>I 2004 observerte astronomer på Hawaii en eksoplanet rundt stjernen <a href="/wiki/HD_179949" title="HD 179949">HD 179949</a> som tilsynelatende forårsaket en solflekk på overflaten til moderstjernen. De mente at planetens magnetosfære overførte energi til stjernens overflate og økte temperaturen på 7&#160;760&#160;°C med ytterligere 400&#160;°C.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGefter2004_175-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGefter2004-175"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sekundæregenskaper"><span id="Sekund.C3.A6regenskaper"></span>Sekundæregenskaper</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=34" title="Rediger avsnitt: Sekundæregenskaper" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=34" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Sekundæregenskaper"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="utdypende-artikkel" style="padding-left:2em; font-style: italic;"> <p>Utdypende artikler: <a href="/wiki/Baneresonans" title="Baneresonans">Baneresonans</a>,&#160;<a href="/wiki/Naturlig_satellitt" title="Naturlig satellitt">naturlig satellitt</a> og <a href="/wiki/Planetarisk_ring" title="Planetarisk ring">planetarisk ring</a> </p> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Extrasolar_Moon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Extrasolar_Moon.jpg/250px-Extrasolar_Moon.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Extrasolar_Moon.jpg/375px-Extrasolar_Moon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Extrasolar_Moon.jpg/500px-Extrasolar_Moon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Kunstners fremstilling av en beboelig måne rundt planeten <a href="/wiki/HD_28185_b" title="HD 28185 b">HD 28185 b</a>, som kretser omkring stjernen <a href="/w/index.php?title=HD_28185&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="HD 28185 (ikke skrevet ennå)">HD 28185</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Saturn_HST_2004-03-22.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Saturn_HST_2004-03-22.jpg/250px-Saturn_HST_2004-03-22.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Saturn_HST_2004-03-22.jpg/375px-Saturn_HST_2004-03-22.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Saturn_HST_2004-03-22.jpg/500px-Saturn_HST_2004-03-22.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a> og dens <a href="/wiki/Saturns_ringer" title="Saturns ringer">ringer</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:16_Cygni_B_b.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/16_Cygni_B_b.png/250px-16_Cygni_B_b.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/16_Cygni_B_b.png/375px-16_Cygni_B_b.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/16_Cygni_B_b.png 2x" data-file-width="499" data-file-height="283" /></a><figcaption>Kunstners fremstilling av et tenkt ringsystem rundt <a href="/wiki/16_Cygni_Bb" title="16 Cygni Bb">16 Cygni Bb</a>, som roterer omkring stjernen <a href="/wiki/16_Cygni_B" class="mw-redirect" title="16 Cygni B">16 Cygni B</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Flere planeter eller dvergplaneter i solsystemet – slik som <a href="/wiki/Neptun_(planet)" title="Neptun (planet)">Neptun</a> og <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a> – har omløpsperioder som er i <a href="/wiki/Baneresonans" title="Baneresonans">resonans</a> med hverandre eller med mindre legemer (dette er også vanlig i satellittsystemer). Alle unntatt <a href="/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur">Merkur</a> og <a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a> har naturlige satellitter («måner»). Jorden har én, Mars har to, og <a href="/wiki/Gasskjempe" title="Gasskjempe">gasskjempene</a> har en rekke komplekse månesystemer. Mange av gasskjempenes måner ligner terrestriske planeter og dvergplaneter, og noen har blitt studert med tanke på mulig liv (spesielt <a href="/wiki/Europa_(m%C3%A5ne)" title="Europa (måne)">Europa</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrasset2000617–636_176-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrasset2000617–636-176"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFortes2000444–452_177-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFortes2000444–452-177"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJones2001_178-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJones2001-178"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>De fire gasskjempene er omgitt av planetariske ringer av ulik størrelse og kompleksitet. Ringene er primært sammensatt av støv og partikkelmaterie, men kan inneholde små månelignende gjenstander hvis gravitasjon er med på å forme og vedlikeholde ringene. Ringene antas å være et resultat av naturlige satellitter som kom under moderplanetens <a href="/wiki/Roche-grensen" title="Roche-grensen">Rochegrense</a> og ble revet i stykker av <a href="/wiki/Tidevannskrefter" class="mw-redirect" title="Tidevannskrefter">tidevannskrefter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolnar199677–115_179-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolnar199677–115-179"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThérèse2004388–390_180-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThérèse2004388–390-180"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Den <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B8d_dverg" title="Rød dverg">røde dvergen</a> <a href="/wiki/Gliese_876" title="Gliese 876">Gliese 876</a> er omgitt av de fire kjente eksoplanetene <a href="/wiki/Gliese_876_b" title="Gliese 876 b">Gliese 876 b</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Marcy1998_181-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marcy1998-181"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Gliese_876_c" title="Gliese 876 c">Gliese 876 c</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Marcy2001_182-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marcy2001-182"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Gliese_876_d" title="Gliese 876 d">Gliese 876 d</a><sup id="cite_ref-Rivera2005_183-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rivera2005-183"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> og <a href="/wiki/Gliese_876_e" title="Gliese 876 e">Gliese 876 e</a>. Planetene e, b og c har en 1:2:4 <a href="/wiki/Baneresonans" title="Baneresonans">Laplace-resonans</a>, som ellers bare er kjent i solsystemet.<sup id="cite_ref-Rivera2010_130-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rivera2010-130"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> I planetsystemet rundt stjernen <a href="/wiki/Kepler-11" title="Kepler-11">Kepler-11</a>, ca 2000 lysår unna, har planetene <a href="/wiki/Kepler-11b" title="Kepler-11b">Kepler-11b</a> og <a href="/wiki/Kepler-11c" title="Kepler-11c">Kepler-11c</a> en 5:4 baneresonans.<sup id="cite_ref-Lissauer2011_184-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lissauer2011-184"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ingen måner (<a href="/wiki/Eksom%C3%A5ne" class="mw-redirect" title="Eksomåne">eksomåner</a>) er ennå med sikkerhet bekreftet rundt eksoplaneter, men det finnes kandidater. Stjernen <a href="/wiki/1SWASP_J140747.93-394542.6" title="1SWASP J140747.93-394542.6">1SWASP J140747.93-394542.6</a> i konstellasjonen <a href="/wiki/Kentauren" title="Kentauren">Kentauren</a> har en planet med en mulig måne.<sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-185"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Eksoplaneten <a href="/wiki/WASP-12b" title="WASP-12b">WASP-12b</a> har også en kandidat til en måne omkring seg.<sup id="cite_ref-186" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-186"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Planetære ringer er vanskelig å observere rundt eksoplaneter, selv om temaet har inspirert mange kunstnere. Planeten rundt 1SWASP J140747.93-394542.6, nevnt ovenfor, er en mulig kandidat til en planet med ringer.<sup id="cite_ref-Discovery_187-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Discovery-187"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Den <a href="/wiki/Sub-brun_dverg" title="Sub-brun dverg">sub-brune dvergen</a> <a href="/wiki/Cha_110913-773444" title="Cha 110913-773444">Cha 110913-773444</a>, som har blitt beskrevet som en <a href="/wiki/Interstellar_planet" title="Interstellar planet">interstellar planet</a>, antas å være omgitt av en liten <a href="/wiki/Protoplanetarisk_skive" title="Protoplanetarisk skive">protoplanetarisk skive</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELuhman2005L93_139-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELuhman2005L93-139"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:left"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fotnoter">Fotnoter</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=35" title="Rediger avsnitt: Fotnoter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=35" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Fotnoter"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18775549">.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-lower-alpha+ol li{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-upper-alpha+ol li{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-lower-roman+ol li{list-style-type:lower-roman}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-upper-roman+ol li{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-decimal+ol li{list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-lower-alpha+.mw-references-wrap>ol.references li{list-style-type:lower-alpha!important}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-upper-alpha+.mw-references-wrap>ol.references li{list-style-type:upper-alpha!important}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-lower-roman+.mw-references-wrap>ol.references li{list-style-type:lower-roman!important}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-upper-roman+.mw-references-wrap>ol.references li{list-style-type:upper-roman!important}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-decimal+.mw-references-wrap>ol.references li{list-style-type:decimal!important}</style><div class="ve-conditional-display-block following-list-style-type-lower-alpha"><b>Type nummerering</b></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Gammelgresk" title="Gammelgresk">gammelgresk</a>:&#160;<span lang="grc" dir="ltr" style="">πλανήτης ἀστήρ</span>, <span lang="grc" dir="ltr" style="">planētēs astēr</span>, som betyr «vandrende stjerne»</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Planetdefinisjon-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Planetdefinisjon_2-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Denne <a href="/wiki/Planetdefinisjon" title="Planetdefinisjon">planetdefinisjonen</a> er hentet fra to separate erklæringer fra <a href="/wiki/Den_internasjonale_astronomiske_union" title="Den internasjonale astronomiske union">Den internasjonale astronomiske union</a> (IAU); en formell definisjon godkjent av IAU i 2006, og en uformell definisjon opprettet av IAU i 2001/2003 for objekter utenfor <a href="/wiki/Solsystemet" title="Solsystemet">solsystemet</a>. Den offisielle definisjonen fra 2006 gjelder bare for solsystemet, mens definisjonen fra 2003 også gjelder for planeter rundt andre stjerner. Ekstrasolare planeter ble ansett for komplisert å løse ved IAU-konferansen i 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kepler-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kepler_5-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Den første av Keplers tre lover om planetbevegelser. Kepler oppdaget lovene ved å analysere <a href="/wiki/Tycho_Brahe" title="Tycho Brahe">Tycho Brahes</a> astronomiske observasjoner. De to første ble publisert i <i><a href="/wiki/Astronomia_nova" title="Astronomia nova">Astronomia nova</a></i> («Ny astronomi», 1609), mens den tredje ble publisert i <i><a href="/wiki/Harmonices_Mundi" title="Harmonices Mundi">Harmonices Mundi</a></i> («Verdenenes harmoni», 1619).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dvergplaneter-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dvergplaneter_6-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dvergplanet)" title="Ceres (dvergplanet)">Ceres</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a> (opprinnelig klassifisert som solsystemets niende planet) <a href="/wiki/Makemake" title="Makemake">Makemake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haumea" title="Haumea">Haumea</a> og <a href="/wiki/Eris_(dvergplanet)" title="Eris (dvergplanet)">Eris</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tidslinje-41"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tidslinje_41-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Se viktigste henvisninger i <a href="/wiki/Tidslinje_for_oppdagelsen_av_planeter_og_deres_m%C3%A5ner_i_solsystemet#Referanser" title="Tidslinje for oppdagelsen av planeter og deres måner i solsystemet">tidslinje for oppdagelsen av planeter og deres måner i solsystemet</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Referanseliste-53"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Referanseliste_53-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Se for eksempel listen av referanser for <a href="#CITEREFButler,_Catalog_of_Nearby_Exoplanets">Butler, <i>Catalog of Nearby Exoplanets</i></a><span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFButler,_Catalog_of_Nearby_Exoplanets (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Titan-66"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Titan_66-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Referert til av Huygens som en <i>Planetes novus</i> («ny planet») i hans <i>Systema Saturnium</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Iapetus-67"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Iapetus_67-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Begge merket <i>nouvelles planètes</i> («nye planeter») av Cassini i hans <i>Découverte de deux nouvelles planetes autour de Saturne</i> <a href="#CITEREFCassini1673">Cassini 1673</a>, s.&#160;6–14<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harv error: no target: CITEREFCassini1673 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tethys-Dione-68"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-Tethys-Dione_68-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tethys-Dione_68-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tethys-Dione_68-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Rhea, Tethys og Dione ble kalt «planeter» av Cassini i hans <i>An Extract of the Journal Des Scavans....</i> Begrepet «satellitt» hadde imidlertid allerede begynt å bli brukt for å skille slike legemer fra de rundt som de gikk i bane rundt («primærplaneter»).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ceres-69"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ceres_69-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Klassifisert som en <a href="/wiki/Dvergplanet" title="Dvergplanet">dvergplanet</a> i 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pluto-72"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pluto_72-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Ansett som en planet fra oppdagelsen i 1930 inntil den ble nedklassifisert til et <a href="/wiki/Transneptunsk_objekt" title="Transneptunsk objekt">transneptunsk</a> dvergplanet i august 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Akkresjon-81"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Akkresjon_81-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">&#160;Kollisjon og elektrostatisk tiltrekking av nedkjølt mikroskopisk støv og ispartikler</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Joviansk-90"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Joviansk_90-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Joviansk er adjektivformen for <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Omløpstid-92"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-Omløpstid_92-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omløpstid_92-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omløpstid_92-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">&#160;Målt relativt til jorden.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jorden-93"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-Jorden_93-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jorden_93-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Se artikkelen om <a href="/wiki/Jorden" title="Jorden">jorden</a> for absolutte verdier.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jupiter-94"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jupiter_94-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">&#160;Jupiter har flest bekreftede måner (<a href="/wiki/Jupiters_m%C3%A5ner" title="Jupiters måner">67</a>) i solsystemet <a href="#CITEREFSheppard,_The_Jupiter_Satellite_Page">Sheppard, <i>The Jupiter Satellite Page</i></a><span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harv error: no target: CITEREFSheppard,_The_Jupiter_Satellite_Page (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Makemake-Eris-95"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-Makemake-Eris_95-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Makemake-Eris_95-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">&#160;Som Pluto – når nær <a href="/wiki/Perihelium" title="Perihelium">perihelium</a> mistenkes det å være en midlertidig atmosfære.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=36" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=36" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIAU,_&#39;&#39;Result_of_the_IAU_Resolution_votes&#39;&#39;-3"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIAU,_&#39;&#39;Result_of_the_IAU_Resolution_votes&#39;&#39;_3-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIAU,_&#39;&#39;Result_of_the_IAU_Resolution_votes&#39;&#39;_3-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIAU,_&#39;&#39;Result_of_the_IAU_Resolution_votes&#39;&#39;_3-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIAU,_Result_of_the_IAU_Resolution_votes">IAU, <i>Result of the IAU Resolution votes</i></a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFIAU,_Result_of_the_IAU_Resolution_votes (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIAU,_&#39;&#39;Working_Group&#39;&#39;-4"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIAU,_&#39;&#39;Working_Group&#39;&#39;_4-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIAU,_&#39;&#39;Working_Group&#39;&#39;_4-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIAU,_Working_Group">IAU, <i>Working Group</i></a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFIAU,_Working_Group (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler20e&#39;&#39;-7"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler20e&#39;&#39;_7-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler20e&#39;&#39;_7-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler20e&#39;&#39;_7-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNASA,_Kepler20e">NASA, <i>Kepler20e</i></a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFNASA,_Kepler20e (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler20f&#39;&#39;-8"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler20f&#39;&#39;_8-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler20f&#39;&#39;_8-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler20f&#39;&#39;_8-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNASA,_Kepler20f">NASA, <i>Kepler20f</i></a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFNASA,_Kepler20f (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJohnson2011-9"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJohnson2011_9-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJohnson2011_9-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJohnson2011">Johnson 2011</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFJohnson2011 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHand2011-10"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHand2011_10-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHand2011_10-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHand2011">Hand 2011</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFHand2011 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOverbye2011-11"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOverbye2011_11-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOverbye2011_11-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOverbye2011">Overbye 2011</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFOverbye2011 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SCI-20140418-12"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SCI-20140418_12-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Quintana, Elisa; m.fl. (18. april 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/344/6181/277">«An Earth-Sized Planet in the Habitable Zone of a Cool Star»</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Science_(journal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Science (journal)">Science (journal)</a></i>. 344 (6181): 277-280. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1249403">10.1126/science.1249403</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 17. april 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=An+Earth-Sized+Planet+in+the+Habitable+Zone+of+a+Cool+Star&amp;rft.au=Quintana%2C+Elisa&amp;rft.date=2014-04-18&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=6181&amp;rft.jtitle=Science+%28journal%29&amp;rft.pages=277-280&amp;rft.volume=344&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencemag.org%2Fcontent%2F344%2F6181%2F277&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.1249403&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Eksplisitt bruk av m.fl. (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Eksplisitt_bruk_av_m.fl." title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Eksplisitt bruk av m.fl.">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneider2011-13"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneider2011_13-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneider2011_13-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneider2011_13-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneider2011_13-3"><sup>d</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneider2011_13-4"><sup>e</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneider2011_13-5"><sup>f</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchneider2011">Schneider 2011</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFSchneider2011 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://exoplanets.org/">Exoplanets.org</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/kepler/main/index.html">Kepler - A Search for Habitable Planets</a>, NASA.gov, besøkt 28. februar 2014</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECassan2012167–169-16"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECassan2012167–169_16-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCassan2012">Cassan 2012</a>, s.&#160;167–169.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFCassan2012 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Space-20130107-17"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Space-20130107_17-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Staff (7. januar 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.space.com/19157-billions-earth-size-alien-planets-aas221.html">«17 Billion Earth-Size Alien Planets Inhabit Milky Way»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Space.com&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Space.com (ikke skrevet ennå)">Space.com</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 8. januar 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Staff&amp;rft.btitle=17+Billion+Earth-Size+Alien+Planets+Inhabit+Milky+Way&amp;rft.date=2013-01-07&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Space.com&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2F19157-billions-earth-size-alien-planets-aas221.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELiddell–Scott1940-18"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELiddell–Scott1940_18-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLiddell–Scott1940">Liddell–Scott 1940</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLiddell–Scott1940 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMerriam-Webster-19"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMerriam-Webster_19-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMerriam-Webster">Merriam-Webster</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFMerriam-Webster (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Oxford_English_Dictionary&#39;&#39;Planet-20"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Oxford_English_Dictionary&#39;&#39;Planet_20-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Oxford_English_Dictionary&#39;&#39;Planet_20-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOxford_English_Dictionary"><i>Oxford English Dictionary</i></a>, Planet.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFOxford_English_Dictionary (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeugebauer19451–38-21"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeugebauer19451–38_21-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeugebauer1945">Neugebauer 1945</a>, s.&#160;1–38.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFNeugebauer1945 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERonan1996264–265-22"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERonan1996264–265_22-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRonan1996">Ronan 1996</a>, s.&#160;264–265.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFRonan1996 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuhn19575–20-23"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuhn19575–20_23-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKuhn1957">Kuhn 1957</a>, s.&#160;5–20.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFKuhn1957 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans1998296–297-24"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans1998296–297_24-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans1998296–297_24-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans1998296–297_24-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans1998296–297_24-3"><sup>d</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEvans1998">Evans 1998</a>, s.&#160;296–297.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFEvans1998 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERochberg20001930-25"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERochberg20001930_25-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRochberg2000">Rochberg 2000</a>, s.&#160;1930.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFRochberg2000 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHunger1992-26"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHunger1992_26-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHunger1992">Hunger 1992</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFHunger1992 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELabert198793–96-27"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELabert198793–96_27-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLabert1987">Labert 1987</a>, s.&#160;93–96.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLabert1987 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKasak20017–35-28"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKasak20017–35_28-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKasak2001">Kasak 2001</a>, s.&#160;7–35.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFKasak2001 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESachs197443–50_&#91;45_&amp;_48–9&#93;-29"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESachs197443–50_[45_&amp;_48–9]_29-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSachs1974">Sachs 1974</a>, s.&#160;43–50 [45 &amp; 48–9].<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFSachs1974 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHolden19961-30"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHolden19961_30-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHolden1996">Holden 1996</a>, s.&#160;1.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFHolden1996 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurnet19507–11-31"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurnet19507–11_31-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBurnet1950">Burnet 1950</a>, s.&#160;7–11.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBurnet1950 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldstein19971–12-32"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldstein19971–12_32-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldstein19971–12_32-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGoldstein1997">Goldstein 1997</a>, s.&#160;1–12.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFGoldstein1997 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPtolemaios1998-33"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPtolemaios1998_33-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPtolemaios1998">Ptolemaios 1998</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFPtolemaios1998 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEO&#39;ConnorRobertson2000-34"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO&#39;ConnorRobertson2000_34-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFO&#39;ConnorRobertson2000">O'Connor &amp; Robertson 2000</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFO&#39;ConnorRobertson2000 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESarma1997116-35"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESarma1997116_35-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSarma1997">Sarma 1997</a>, s.&#160;116.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFSarma1997 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERamasubramanian199811–31_&#91;23–4&#93;-36"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERamasubramanian199811–31_[23–4]_36-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERamasubramanian199811–31_[23–4]_36-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRamasubramanian1998">Ramasubramanian 1998</a>, s.&#160;11–31 [23–4].<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFRamasubramanian1998 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERagep2007570–572-37"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERagep2007570–572_37-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRagep2007">Ragep 2007</a>, s.&#160;570–572.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFRagep2007 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERazaullah_Ansari2002137-38"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERazaullah_Ansari2002137_38-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRazaullah_Ansari2002">Razaullah Ansari 2002</a>, s.&#160;137.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFRazaullah_Ansari2002 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEspenak-39"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEspenak_39-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEspenak">Espenak</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFEspenak (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVan_Helden1995-40"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_Helden1995_40-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_Helden1995_40-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVan_Helden1995">Van Helden 1995</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFVan_Helden1995 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHilton2001-42"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHilton2001_42-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHilton2001">Hilton 2001</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFHilton2001 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECroswell199757-43"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECroswell199757_43-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCroswell1997">Croswell 1997</a>, s.&#160;57.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFCroswell1997 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELyttleton1936108-44"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELyttleton1936108_44-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLyttleton1936">Lyttleton 1936</a>, s.&#160;108.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLyttleton1936 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWhipple1964565–594-45"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWhipple1964565–594_45-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWhipple1964">Whipple 1964</a>, s.&#160;565–594.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFWhipple1964 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELuu199646–52-46"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELuu199646–52_46-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLuu1996">Luu 1996</a>, s.&#160;46–52.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLuu1996 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWolszczan1992145–147-47"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolszczan1992145–147_47-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWolszczan1992145–147_47-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWolszczan1992">Wolszczan 1992</a>, s.&#160;145–147.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFWolszczan1992 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMayor1995355–359-48"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMayor1995355–359_48-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMayor1995">Mayor 1995</a>, s.&#160;355–359.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFMayor1995 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIAU,_General_Assembly-49"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIAU,_General_Assembly_49-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIAU,_General_Assembly">IAU, General Assembly</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFIAU,_General_Assembly (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBasri2000485-50"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBasri2000485_50-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBasri2000">Basri 2000</a>, s.&#160;485.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBasri2000 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreen2006-51"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreen2006_51-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGreen2006">Green 2006</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFGreen2006 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESaumon1996993–1018-52"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaumon1996993–1018_52-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSaumon1996">Saumon 1996</a>, s.&#160;993–1018.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFSaumon1996 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStern2004-54"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStern2004_54-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStern2004">Stern 2004</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFStern2004 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClavin2005-55"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClavin2005_55-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClavin2005_55-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFClavin2005">Clavin 2005</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFClavin2005 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpiegelBurrowsMilsom2010-56"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpiegelBurrowsMilsom2010_56-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSpiegelBurrowsMilsom2010">Spiegel, Burrows &amp; Milsom 2010</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBasri2006193–216-57"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBasri2006193–216_57-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBasri2006193–216_57-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBasri2006">Basri 2006</a>, s.&#160;193–216.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBasri2006 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoss2003529-58"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoss2003529_58-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBoss2003">Boss 2003</a>, s.&#160;529.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBoss2003 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERincon,_&#39;&#39;Planets_plan_boosts_tally_12&#39;&#39;-59"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERincon,_&#39;&#39;Planets_plan_boosts_tally_12&#39;&#39;_59-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRincon,_Planets_plan_boosts_tally_12">Rincon, <i>Planets plan boosts tally 12</i></a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFRincon,_Planets_plan_boosts_tally_12 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBBC_News,_&#39;&#39;Pluto_loses_status_as_a_planet&#39;&#39;-60"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBBC_News,_&#39;&#39;Pluto_loses_status_as_a_planet&#39;&#39;_60-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBBC_News,_Pluto_loses_status_as_a_planet">BBC News, <i>Pluto loses status as a planet</i></a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBBC_News,_Pluto_loses_status_as_a_planet (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESoter2513–2519-61"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESoter2513–2519_61-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSoter">Soter</a>, s.&#160;2513–2519.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFSoter (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERincon,_&#39;&#39;Pluto_vote_&#39;hijacked&#39;_in_revolt&#39;&#39;-62"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERincon,_&#39;&#39;Pluto_vote_&#39;hijacked&#39;_in_revolt&#39;&#39;_62-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRincon,_Pluto_vote_&#39;hijacked&#39;_in_revolt">Rincon, <i>Pluto vote 'hijacked' in revolt</i></a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFRincon,_Pluto_vote_&#39;hijacked&#39;_in_revolt (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBritt,_&#39;&#39;Pluto_Demoted&#39;&#39;-63"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBritt,_&#39;&#39;Pluto_Demoted&#39;&#39;_63-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBritt,_Pluto_Demoted">Britt, <i>Pluto Demoted</i></a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBritt,_Pluto_Demoted (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBritt,_&#39;&#39;Pluto&#39;&#39;-64"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBritt,_&#39;&#39;Pluto&#39;&#39;_64-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBritt,_Pluto">Britt, <i>Pluto</i></a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBritt,_Pluto (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoskowitz2006-65"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoskowitz2006_65-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoskowitz2006">Moskowitz 2006</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFMoskowitz2006 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpaceweather,_&#39;&#39;The_Planet_Hygea&#39;&#39;-70"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpaceweather,_&#39;&#39;The_Planet_Hygea&#39;&#39;_70-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSpaceweather,_The_Planet_Hygea">Spaceweather, <i>The Planet Hygea</i></a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFSpaceweather,_The_Planet_Hygea (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHilton-71"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHilton_71-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHilton">Hilton</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFHilton (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoss2005-73"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoss2005_73-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoss2005">Ross 2005</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFRoss2005 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECochrane1997-74"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECochrane1997_74-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCochrane1997">Cochrane 1997</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFCochrane1997 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECameron2005-75"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECameron2005_75-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCameron2005">Cameron 2005</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFCameron2005 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZerubavel198914-76"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZerubavel198914_76-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZerubavel1989">Zerubavel 1989</a>, s.&#160;14.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFZerubavel1989 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFalk1999122–133-77"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFalk1999122–133_77-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFalk1999122–133_77-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFalk1999">Falk 1999</a>, s.&#160;122–133.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFFalk1999 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarper,_&#39;&#39;Earth&#39;&#39;-78"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarper,_&#39;&#39;Earth&#39;&#39;_78-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarper,_&#39;&#39;Earth&#39;&#39;_78-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHarper,_Earth">Harper, <i>Earth</i></a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFHarper,_Earth (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Oxford_English_Dictionary&#39;&#39;Earth-79"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Oxford_English_Dictionary&#39;&#39;Earth_79-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOxford_English_Dictionary"><i>Oxford English Dictionary</i></a>, Earth.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFOxford_English_Dictionary (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarper,_&#39;&#39;Terrain&#39;&#39;-80"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarper,_&#39;&#39;Terrain&#39;&#39;_80-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHarper,_Terrain">Harper, <i>Terrain</i></a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFHarper,_Terrain (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWetherill198077–113-82"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWetherill198077–113_82-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWetherill1980">Wetherill 1980</a>, s.&#160;77–113.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFWetherill1980 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEInaba2003711–723-83"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEInaba2003711–723_83-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFInaba2003">Inaba 2003</a>, s.&#160;711–723.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFInaba2003 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDutkevitch1995-84"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDutkevitch1995_84-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDutkevitch1995">Dutkevitch 1995</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFDutkevitch1995 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMatsuyama2005L143–L146-85"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMatsuyama2005L143–L146_85-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMatsuyama2005">Matsuyama 2005</a>, s.&#160;L143–L146.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFMatsuyama2005 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKenyon20061837-86"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKenyon20061837_86-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKenyon2006">Kenyon 2006</a>, s.&#160;1837.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFKenyon2006 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIda1987239-87"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIda1987239_87-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIda1987">Ida 1987</a>, s.&#160;239.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFIda1987 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKasting1993920–926-88"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKasting1993920–926_88-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKasting1993">Kasting 1993</a>, s.&#160;920–926.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFKasting1993 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAguilarPulliam2004-89"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAguilarPulliam2004_89-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAguilarPulliam2004">Aguilar &amp; Pulliam 2004</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFAguilarPulliam2004 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown2012-91"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown2012_91-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown2012">Brown 2012</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBrown2012 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy2005-96"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKennedy2005_96-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKennedy2005">Kennedy 2005</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFKennedy2005 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kitchin-97"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-kitchin_97-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kitchin_97-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Kitchin, Chris (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=HaM6CpDYE3oC&amp;pg=PA168&amp;dq=Super+jupiter#v=onepage&amp;q=Super%20jupiter&amp;f=false"><i>Exoplanets: Finding, Exploring, and Understanding Alien Worlds</i></a>. s.&#160;167–168. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/9781461406440" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/9781461406440">9781461406440</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Kitchin%2C+Chris&amp;rft.btitle=Exoplanets%3A+Finding%2C+Exploring%2C+and+Understanding+Alien+Worlds&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9781461406440&amp;rft.pages=167-168&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DHaM6CpDYE3oC%26pg%3DPA168%26dq%3DSuper%2Bjupiter%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DSuper%2520jupiter%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESantosBouchyVauclairQueloz2004-98"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESantosBouchyVauclairQueloz2004_98-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSantosBouchyVauclairQueloz2004">Santos et al. 2004</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFSantosBouchyVauclairQueloz2004 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Science_News&#39;&#39;-99"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Science_News&#39;&#39;_99-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFScience_News"><i>Science News</i></a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFScience_News (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeaulieu2006437–440-100"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeaulieu2006437–440_100-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBeaulieu2006">Beaulieu 2006</a>, s.&#160;437–440.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBeaulieu2006 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler_Mission&#39;&#39;-101"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENASA,_&#39;&#39;Kepler_Mission&#39;&#39;_101-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNASA,_Kepler_Mission">NASA, <i>Kepler Mission</i></a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFNASA,_Kepler_Mission (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Extrasolar_Planets_Encyclopedia&#39;&#39;-102"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Extrasolar_Planets_Encyclopedia&#39;&#39;_102-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFExtrasolar_Planets_Encyclopedia"><i>Extrasolar Planets Encyclopedia</i></a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFExtrasolar_Planets_Encyclopedia (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBBC_News,_&#39;&#39;New_&#39;super-Earth&#39;_found_in_space&#39;&#39;-103"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBBC_News,_&#39;&#39;New_&#39;super-Earth&#39;_found_in_space&#39;&#39;_103-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBBC_News,_New_&#39;super-Earth&#39;_found_in_space">BBC News, <i>New 'super-Earth' found in space</i></a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBBC_News,_New_&#39;super-Earth&#39;_found_in_space (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBloh20071365–1371-104"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBloh20071365–1371_104-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBloh2007">Bloh 2007</a>, s.&#160;1365–1371.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBloh2007 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBorucki2011-105"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBorucki2011_105-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBorucki2011">Borucki 2011</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBorucki2011 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-raymond_et_al2004-106"><b><a href="#cite_ref-raymond_et_al2004_106-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Raymond, Sean N.; Quinn, Thomas; Lunine, Jonathan I. (2004). «Making other earths: dynamical simulations of terrestrial planet formation and water delivery». <i>Icarus</i>. 168 (1): 1&#8211;17. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004Icar..168....1R">2004Icar..168....1R</a>. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0308159">astro-ph/0308159</a>&#8239;<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Åpent tilgjengelig"><img alt="Åpent tilgjengelig" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2003.11.019">10.1016/j.icarus.2003.11.019</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Making+other+earths%3A+dynamical+simulations+of+terrestrial+planet+formation+and+water+delivery&amp;rft.au=Raymond%2C+Sean+N.%3B+Quinn%2C+Thomas%3B+Lunine%2C+Jonathan+I.&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.jtitle=Icarus&amp;rft.pages=1-17&amp;rft.volume=168&amp;rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F0308159&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2004Icar..168....1R&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2003.11.019&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Flere_navn:_forfatterliste" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste">link</a>)</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Peek2009-107"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Peek2009_107-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Peek, John Asher; Johnson, Kathryn M. G.; Fischer, Debra A.; m.fl. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/599862">«Old, rich, and eccentric: two jovian planets orbiting evolved metal-rich stars»</a>. <i>Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific</i>. 121 (880): 613–620. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009PASP..121..613P">2009PASP..121..613P</a>. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/0904.2786">0904.2786</a>&#8239;<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Åpent tilgjengelig"><img alt="Åpent tilgjengelig" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F599862">10.1086/599862</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Old%2C+rich%2C+and+eccentric%3A+two+jovian+planets+orbiting+evolved+metal-rich+stars&amp;rft.au=Fischer%2C+Debra+A.&amp;rft.au=Henry%2C+Gregory+W.&amp;rft.au=Howard%2C+Andrew+W.&amp;rft.au=Johnson%2C+Kathryn+M.+G.&amp;rft.au=Lowe%2C+Thomas+B.&amp;rft.au=Marcy%2C+Geoffrey+W.&amp;rft.au=Reffert%2C+Sabine&amp;rft.au=Wright%2C+Jason+T.&amp;rft.aufirst=John+Asher&amp;rft.aulast=Peek&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=880&amp;rft.jtitle=Publications+of+the+Astronomical+Society+of+the+Pacific&amp;rft.pages=613-620&amp;rft.volume=121&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.1086%2F599862&amp;rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F0904.2786&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2009PASP..121..613P&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F599862&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1111.2628">Optical to near-infrared transit observations of super-Earth GJ1214b: water-world or mini-Neptune?</a>, E.J.W. de Mooij (1), M. Brogi (1), R.J. de Kok (2), J. Koppenhoefer (3,4), S.V. Nefs (1), I.A.G. Snellen (1), J. Greiner (4), J. Hanse (1), R.C. Heinsbroek (1), C.H. Lee (3), P.P. van der Werf (1),</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bouchy-05-109"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bouchy-05_109-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Bouchy; Udry, S.; Mayor, M.; m.fl. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full/2005/46/aahi291/aahi291.html">«ELODIE metallicity-biased search for transiting Hot Jupiters II. A very hot Jupiter transiting the bright K star HD 189733»</a>. <i>Astronomy and Astrophysics</i>. 444: L15–L19. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005A&amp;A...444L..15B">2005A&#38;A...444L..15B</a>. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0510119">astro-ph/0510119</a>&#8239;<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Åpent tilgjengelig"><img alt="Åpent tilgjengelig" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1051%2F0004-6361%3A200500201">10.1051/0004-6361:200500201</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=ELODIE+metallicity-biased+search+for+transiting+Hot+Jupiters+II.+A+very+hot+Jupiter+transiting+the+bright+K+star+HD+189733&amp;rft.au=Bouchy&amp;rft.au=Da++Silva%2C+R.&amp;rft.au=Ilovaisky%2C+S.&amp;rft.au=Iribarne%2C+N.&amp;rft.au=Mayor%2C+M.&amp;rft.au=Moutou%2C+C.&amp;rft.au=Pont%2C+F.&amp;rft.au=Queloz%2C+D.&amp;rft.au=Udry%2C+S.&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Astronomy+and+Astrophysics&amp;rft.pages=L15-L19&amp;rft.volume=444&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aanda.org%2Farticles%2Faa%2Ffull%2F2005%2F46%2Faahi291%2Faahi291.html&amp;rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F0510119&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2005A%26A...444L..15B&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1051%2F0004-6361%3A200500201&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Eksplisitt bruk av m.fl. (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Eksplisitt_bruk_av_m.fl." title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Eksplisitt bruk av m.fl.">link</a>)</span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0510119">Preprint</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/Media/releases/ssc2007-12/release.shtml">Press Release: NASA's Spitzer Finds Water Vapor on Hot, Alien Planet</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070715120124/http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/Media/releases/ssc2007-12/release.shtml">Arkivert</a> 15. juli 2007 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-agol-111"><b><a href="#cite_ref-agol_111-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Eric Agol; m.fl. (2008). «Transits and secondary eclipses of HD 189733 with Spitzer». <i>Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union</i>. 4: 209. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/0807.2434">0807.2434</a>&#8239;<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Åpent tilgjengelig"><img alt="Åpent tilgjengelig" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS1743921308026422">10.1017/S1743921308026422</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Transits+and+secondary+eclipses+of+HD+189733+with+Spitzer&amp;rft.au=Eric+Agol&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+International+Astronomical+Union&amp;rft.pages=209&amp;rft.volume=4&amp;rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F0807.2434&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS1743921308026422&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Eksplisitt bruk av m.fl. (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Eksplisitt_bruk_av_m.fl." title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Eksplisitt bruk av m.fl.">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nature-methane-112"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nature-methane_112-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Swain, Mark R. (20. mars 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v452/n7185/abs/nature06823.html">«The presence of methane in the atmosphere of an extrasolar planet»</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Nature_(journal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nature (journal)">Nature</a></i>. 452 (7185): 329–331. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008Natur.452..329S">2008Natur.452..329S</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18354477">18354477</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature06823">10.1038/nature06823</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=The+presence+of+methane+in+the+atmosphere+of+an+extrasolar+planet&amp;rft.aufirst=Mark+R.&amp;rft.aulast=Swain&amp;rft.date=2008-03-20&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=7185&amp;rft.jtitle=Nature&amp;rft.pages=329-331&amp;rft.volume=452&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Fnature%2Fjournal%2Fv452%2Fn7185%2Fabs%2Fnature06823.html&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2008Natur.452..329S&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnature06823&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18354477&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/0802.1030">arXiv.org link</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1303.4232">Hubble Space Telescope detection of oxygen in the atmosphere of exoplanet HD189733b: Lotfi Ben-Jaffel, Gilda Ballester</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/COROT/SEMF0C2MDAF_0.html">«COROT surprises a year after launch»</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 21. desember 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.btitle=COROT+surprises+a+year+after+launch&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.esa.int%2FSPECIALS%2FCOROT%2FSEMF0C2MDAF_0.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEuropean_Southern_Observatory,_&#39;&#39;Fourteen_Times_the_Earth&#39;&#39;_25._august_2004-115"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEuropean_Southern_Observatory,_&#39;&#39;Fourteen_Times_the_Earth&#39;&#39;_25._august_2004_115-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEuropean_Southern_Observatory,_Fourteen_Times_the_Earth_25._august_2004">European Southern Observatory, <i>Fourteen Times the Earth</i> 25. august 2004</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFEuropean_Southern_Observatory,_Fourteen_Times_the_Earth_25._august_2004 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Butler; Vogt, Steven S.; Marcy, Geoffrey W.; Fischer, Debra A.; Wright, Jason T.; Henry, Gregory W.; Laughlin, Greg; Lissauer, Jack J.; m.fl. 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(<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Eksplisitt_bruk_av_m.fl." title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Eksplisitt bruk av m.fl.">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bakos2010-117"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bakos2010_117-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Bakos, G. Á.; Torres, G.; Pál, A.; m.fl. 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Space.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 8. august 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Ker+Than&amp;rft.btitle=Puffy+%27Cork%27+Planet+Would+Float+on+Water&amp;rft.date=2006-09-14&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Space.com&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2Fscienceastronomy%2F060914_cork_planet.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-puffy-119"><b><a href="#cite_ref-puffy_119-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/sci/tech/5346998.stm">«Puffy planet poses pretty puzzle»</a>. BBC News. 15. september 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Eksplisitt_bruk_av_m.fl." title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Eksplisitt bruk av m.fl.">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mandushev2007-121"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mandushev2007_121-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Mandushev, Georgi (2007). «TrES-4: A Transiting Hot Jupiter of Very Low Density». <i>The Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>. 667: L195–L198. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007ApJ...667L.195M">2007ApJ...667L.195M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F522115">10.1086/522115</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=TrES-4%3A+A+Transiting+Hot+Jupiter+of+Very+Low+Density&amp;rft.aufirst=Georgi&amp;rft.aulast=Mandushev&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal+Letters&amp;rft.pages=L195-L198&amp;rft.volume=667&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2007ApJ...667L.195M&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F522115&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oasis-122"><b><a href="#cite_ref-oasis_122-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Hebb; Collier-Cameron, A.; Loeillet, B.; m.fl. 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Besøkt 27. april 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=WASP-12b%3A+THE+HOTTEST+TRANSITING+EXTRASOLAR+PLANET+YET+DISCOVERED&amp;rft.au=Bouchy%2C+F.&amp;rft.au=Collier-Cameron%2C+A.&amp;rft.au=H%C3%A9brard%2C+G.&amp;rft.au=Hebb&amp;rft.au=Loeillet%2C+B.&amp;rft.au=Moutou%2C+C.&amp;rft.au=Pollacco%2C+D.&amp;rft.au=Stempels%2C+H.+C.&amp;rft.au=Street%2C+R.+A.&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal&amp;rft.pages=1920-1928&amp;rft.volume=693&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iop.org%2FEJ%2Fabstract%2F0004-637X%2F693%2F2%2F1920&amp;rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F0812.3240&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2009ApJ...693.1920H&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F693%2F2%2F1920&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Eksplisitt bruk av m.fl. (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Eksplisitt_bruk_av_m.fl." title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Eksplisitt bruk av m.fl.">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ABSTRACT-123"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ABSTRACT_123-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">D. R. Anderson <i>et al.</i>.&#32;«WASP-17b: an ultra-low density planet in a probable retrograde orbit».&#32;<i></i><span class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/0908.1553">0908.1553</a></span><i></i>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=WASP-17b%3A+an+ultra-low+density+planet+in+a+probable+retrograde+orbit&amp;rft.jtitle=%27%27%3Cspan+class%3D%22noprint%22%3E%5B%5BarXiv%5D%5D%3A%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fabs%2F0908.1553+0908.1553%5D%3C%2Fspan%3E%27%27&amp;rft.aulast=D.+R.+Anderson+%27%27et+al.%27%27&amp;rft.au=D.+R.+Anderson+%27%27et+al.%27%27&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Planet"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-keplerreport-124"><b><a href="#cite_ref-keplerreport_124-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Latham&#59;&#32;Borucki&#59;&#32;Koch&#59;&#32;Brown&#59;&#32;Buchhave&#59;&#32;Gibor Basri&#59;&#32;Batalha&#59;&#32;Caldwell&#32;m. fl..&#32;(2009-12-26).&#32;«Kepler-7b: A Transiting Planet with Unusually Low Density».&#32;<i></i><span class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1001.0190">1001.0190</a></span><span class="noprint">&#160;[<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/archive/astro-ph.EP">astro-ph.EP</a>]</span><i></i>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Kepler-7b%3A+A+Transiting+Planet+with+Unusually+Low+Density&amp;rft.jtitle=%27%27%3Cspan+class%3D%22noprint%22%3E%5B%5BarXiv%5D%5D%3A%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fabs%2F1001.0190+1001.0190%5D%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22noprint%22%3E%26nbsp%3B%5B%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Farchive%2Fastro-ph.EP+astro-ph.EP%5D%5D%3C%2Fspan%3E%27%27&amp;rft.aulast=Latham&amp;rft.au=Latham&amp;rft.au=Borucki&amp;rft.au=Koch&amp;rft.au=Brown&amp;rft.au=Buchhave&amp;rft.au=Gibor+Basri&amp;rft.au=Batalha&amp;rft.au=Caldwell&amp;rft.au=Cochran&amp;rft.date=2009-12-26&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Planet"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chang-125"><b><a href="#cite_ref-chang_125-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Chang, Kenneth (11. november 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/15/science/space/15planet.html">«Puzzling Puffy Planet, Less Dense Than Cork, Is Discovered»</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Puzzling+Puffy+Planet%2C+Less+Dense+Than+Cork%2C+Is+Discovered&amp;rft.aufirst=Kenneth&amp;rft.aulast=Chang&amp;rft.date=2010-11-11&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2006%2F09%2F15%2Fscience%2Fspace%2F15planet.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-barman-126"><b><a href="#cite_ref-barman_126-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Barman (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iop.org/EJ/article/1538-4357/661/2/L191/21561.html">«Identification of Absorption Features in an Extrasolar Planet Atmosphere»</a>. <i>The Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>. 661 (2): L191–L194. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007ApJ...661L.191B">2007ApJ...661L.191B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F518736">10.1086/518736</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Identification+of+Absorption+Features+in+an+Extrasolar+Planet+Atmosphere&amp;rft.au=Barman&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal+Letters&amp;rft.pages=L191-L194&amp;rft.volume=661&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iop.org%2FEJ%2Farticle%2F1538-4357%2F661%2F2%2FL191%2F21561.html&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2007ApJ...661L.191B&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F518736&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELecavelier_des_Etangs2004L1–L4-127"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELecavelier_des_Etangs2004L1–L4_127-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLecavelier_des_Etangs2004">Lecavelier des Etangs 2004</a>, s.&#160;L1–L4.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLecavelier_des_Etangs2004 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAstroBiology_Magazine,_&#39;&#39;Exoplanets_Exposed_to_the_Core&#39;&#39;-128"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAstroBiology_Magazine,_&#39;&#39;Exoplanets_Exposed_to_the_Core&#39;&#39;_128-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAstroBiology_Magazine,_Exoplanets_Exposed_to_the_Core">AstroBiology Magazine, <i>Exoplanets Exposed to the Core</i></a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFAstroBiology_Magazine,_Exoplanets_Exposed_to_the_Core (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBBC_News,_&#39;&#39;Super-Earth_&#39;began_as_giant&#39;&#39;&#39;-129"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBBC_News,_&#39;&#39;Super-Earth_&#39;began_as_giant&#39;&#39;&#39;_129-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBBC_News,_Super-Earth_&#39;began_as_giant&#39;">BBC News, <i>Super-Earth 'began as giant'</i></a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBBC_News,_Super-Earth_&#39;began_as_giant&#39; (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rivera2010-130"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-Rivera2010_130-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rivera2010_130-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Rivera, Eugenio J.; m.fl. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X/719/1/890/fulltext">«The Lick-Carnegie Exoplanet Survey: A Uranus-mass Fourth Planet for GJ 876 in an Extrasolar Laplace Configuration»</a>. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. 719 (1): 890–899. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010ApJ...719..890R">2010ApJ...719..890R</a>. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/1006.4244">1006.4244</a>&#8239;<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Åpent tilgjengelig"><img alt="Åpent tilgjengelig" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F719%2F1%2F890">10.1088/0004-637X/719/1/890</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=The+Lick-Carnegie+Exoplanet+Survey%3A+A+Uranus-mass+Fourth+Planet+for+GJ+876+in+an+Extrasolar+Laplace+Configuration&amp;rft.au=Butler%2C+R.+Paul&amp;rft.au=Haghighipour%2C+Nader&amp;rft.au=Laughlin%2C+Gregory&amp;rft.au=Meschiari%2C+Stefano&amp;rft.au=Vogt%2C+Steven+S.&amp;rft.aufirst=Eugenio+J.&amp;rft.aulast=Rivera&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal&amp;rft.pages=890-899&amp;rft.volume=719&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fiopscience.iop.org%2F0004-637X%2F719%2F1%2F890%2Ffulltext&amp;rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F1006.4244&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2010ApJ...719..890R&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F719%2F1%2F890&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECurtis-131"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECurtis_131-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCurtis">Curtis</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFCurtis (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETabathaCalvin2007-132"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETabathaCalvin2007_132-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTabathaCalvin2007">Tabatha &amp; Calvin 2007</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFTabathaCalvin2007 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERIchardson2007892-133"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERIchardson2007892_133-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRIchardson2007">RIchardson 2007</a>, s.&#160;892.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFRIchardson2007 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDrake2003-134"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDrake2003_134-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDrake2003">Drake 2003</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFDrake2003 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Extrasolar Visions, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.extrasolar.net/starlisttour.asp?StarcatID=extragalactic">"Extragalactic Worlds"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120330100019/http://www.extrasolar.net/starlisttour.asp?StarcatID=extragalactic">Arkivert</a> 30. mars 2012 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. (accessed 1. september 2009)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Thaindian News, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/health/first-extragalactic-exoplanet-may-have-been-found-by-gravitational-microlensing_100203542.html">First extragalactic exoplanet may have been found by gravitational microlensing</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090624000150/http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/health/first-extragalactic-exoplanet-may-have-been-found-by-gravitational-microlensing_100203542.html">Arkivert</a> 24. juni 2009 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., 11 June 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">New Scientist, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17287-first-extragalactic-exoplanet-may-have-been-found.html">First extragalactic exoplanet may have been found</a>, 10 June 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELissauer1987239–265-138"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELissauer1987239–265_138-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLissauer1987">Lissauer 1987</a>, s.&#160;239–265.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLissauer1987 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELuhman2005L93-139"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELuhman2005L93_139-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELuhman2005L93_139-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLuhman2005">Luhman 2005</a>, s.&#160;L93.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLuhman2005 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClose20071492-140"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClose20071492_140-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFClose2007">Close 2007</a>, s.&#160;1492.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFClose2007 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELuhman20071629–1636-141"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELuhman20071629–1636_141-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLuhman2007">Luhman 2007</a>, s.&#160;1629–1636.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLuhman2007 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBritt2004-142"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBritt2004_142-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBritt2004">Britt 2004</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBritt2004 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBailes20111717–1720-143"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBailes20111717–1720_143-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBailes2011">Bailes 2011</a>, s.&#160;1717–1720.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBailes2011 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVilard2010-144"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVilard2010_144-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVilard2010">Vilard 2010</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFVilard2010 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson2009-145"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson2009_145-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAnderson2009">Anderson 2009</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung1902324–327-146"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung1902324–327_146-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung1902324–327_146-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung1902324–327_146-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung1902324–327_146-3"><sup>d</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung1902324–327_146-4"><sup>e</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFYoung1902">Young 1902</a>, s.&#160;324–327.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFYoung1902 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDvorak2005-147"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDvorak2005_147-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDvorak2005">Dvorak 2005</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFDvorak2005 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoorhead2008475-148"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoorhead2008475_148-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoorhead2008">Moorhead 2008</a>, s.&#160;475.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFMoorhead2008 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;The_Astrophysics_Spectator&#39;&#39;-149"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;The_Astrophysics_Spectator&#39;&#39;_149-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThe_Astrophysics_Spectator"><i>The Astrophysics Spectator</i></a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFThe_Astrophysics_Spectator (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETatum2007kap._17-150"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETatum2007kap._17_150-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTatum2007">Tatum 2007</a>, kap. 17.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFTatum2007 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETrujillo2002L125-151"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETrujillo2002L125_151-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTrujillo2002">Trujillo 2002</a>, s.&#160;L125.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFTrujillo2002 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarvey2006-152"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey2006_152-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarvey2006_152-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHarvey2006">Harvey 2006</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFHarvey2006 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWinn2005L159-153"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWinn2005L159_153-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWinn2005">Winn 2005</a>, s.&#160;L159.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFWinn2005 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldstein1963910–911-154"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldstein1963910–911_154-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGoldstein1963">Goldstein 1963</a>, s.&#160;910–911.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFGoldstein1963 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBelton1984327-155"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBelton1984327_155-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBelton1984">Belton 1984</a>, s.&#160;327.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBelton1984 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBorgia2006195–206-156"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBorgia2006195–206_156-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBorgia2006">Borgia 2006</a>, s.&#160;195–206.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBorgia2006 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELissauer1993129–174-157"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELissauer1993129–174_157-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLissauer1993">Lissauer 1993</a>, s.&#160;129–174.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLissauer1993 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrobel-158"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrobel_158-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStrobel">Strobel</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFStrobel (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZarka2001293-159"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZarka2001293_159-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZarka2001">Zarka 2001</a>, s.&#160;293.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFZarka2001 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFaberQuillen2007-160"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFaberQuillen2007_160-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFaberQuillen2007">Faber &amp; Quillen 2007</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown2006-161"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown2006_161-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown2006">Brown 2006</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBrown2006 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Scientific_American&#39;&#39;-162"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;Scientific_American&#39;&#39;_162-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFScientific_American"><i>Scientific American</i></a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFScientific_American (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWrightFakhouriMarcyHan2010-163"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWrightFakhouriMarcyHan2010_163-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWrightFakhouriMarcyHan2010">Wright et al. 2010</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEUniversity_of_Oregon-164"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUniversity_of_Oregon_164-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUniversity_of_Oregon_164-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFUniversity_of_Oregon">University of Oregon</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFUniversity_of_Oregon (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEElkins-Tanton2006-165"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElkins-Tanton2006_165-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFElkins-Tanton2006">Elkins-Tanton 2006</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFElkins-Tanton2006 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPodolak18851517–1522-166"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPodolak18851517–1522_166-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPodolak1885">Podolak 1885</a>, s.&#160;1517–1522.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFPodolak1885 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHunten1988239-167"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHunten1988239_167-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHunten1988">Hunten 1988</a>, s.&#160;239.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFHunten1988 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESheppard2005518–525-168"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESheppard2005518–525_168-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSheppard2005">Sheppard 2005</a>, s.&#160;518–525.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFSheppard2005 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZeilik199867-169"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZeilik199867_169-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZeilik1998">Zeilik 1998</a>, s.&#160;67.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFZeilik1998 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnutson2007183–186-170"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnutson2007183–186_170-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnutson2007183–186_170-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKnutson2007">Knutson 2007</a>, s.&#160;183–186.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFKnutson2007 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeaverVillard2007-171"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeaverVillard2007_171-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeaverVillard2007">Weaver &amp; Villard 2007</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFWeaverVillard2007 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBallester2007511-172"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBallester2007511_172-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBallester2007">Ballester 2007</a>, s.&#160;511.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBallester2007 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarrington2006623–626-173"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarrington2006623–626_173-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHarrington2006">Harrington 2006</a>, s.&#160;623–626.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFHarrington2006 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKivelson2007519-174"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKivelson2007519_174-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKivelson2007519_174-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKivelson2007519_174-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKivelson2007">Kivelson 2007</a>, s.&#160;519.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFKivelson2007 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGefter2004-175"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGefter2004_175-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGefter2004">Gefter 2004</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFGefter2004 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrasset2000617–636-176"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrasset2000617–636_176-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrasset2000">Grasset 2000</a>, s.&#160;617–636.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFGrasset2000 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFortes2000444–452-177"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFortes2000444–452_177-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFortes2000">Fortes 2000</a>, s.&#160;444–452.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFFortes2000 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJones2001-178"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJones2001_178-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJones2001">Jones 2001</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFJones2001 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolnar199677–115-179"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolnar199677–115_179-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMolnar1996">Molnar 1996</a>, s.&#160;77–115.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFMolnar1996 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThérèse2004388–390-180"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThérèse2004388–390_180-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThérèse2004">Thérèse 2004</a>, s.&#160;388–390.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFThérèse2004 (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Marcy1998-181"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Marcy1998_181-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Marcy, Geoffrey W.; m.fl. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iopscience.iop.org/1538-4357/505/2/L147/fulltext">«A Planetary Companion to a Nearby M4 Dwarf, Gliese 876»</a>. <i>The Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>. 505 (2): L147–L149. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998ApJ...505L.147M">1998ApJ...505L.147M</a>. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9807307">astro-ph/9807307</a>&#8239;<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Åpent tilgjengelig"><img alt="Åpent tilgjengelig" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F311623">10.1086/311623</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=A+Planetary+Companion+to+a+Nearby+M4+Dwarf%2C+Gliese+876&amp;rft.au=Butler%2C+R.+Paul&amp;rft.au=Fischer%2C+Debra&amp;rft.au=Lissauer%2C+Jack+J.&amp;rft.au=Vogt%2C+Steven+S.&amp;rft.aufirst=Geoffrey+W.&amp;rft.aulast=Marcy&amp;rft.date=1998&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal+Letters&amp;rft.pages=L147-L149&amp;rft.volume=505&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fiopscience.iop.org%2F1538-4357%2F505%2F2%2FL147%2Ffulltext&amp;rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F9807307&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1998ApJ...505L.147M&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F311623&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Marcy2001-182"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Marcy2001_182-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Marcy, Geoffrey W.; m.fl. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X/556/1/296/fulltext">«A Pair of Resonant Planets Orbiting GJ 876»</a>. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. 556 (1): 296–301. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001ApJ...556..296M">2001ApJ...556..296M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F321552">10.1086/321552</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=A+Pair+of+Resonant+Planets+Orbiting+GJ+876&amp;rft.au=Butler%2C+R.+Paul&amp;rft.au=Fischer%2C+Debra&amp;rft.au=Lissauer%2C+Jack+J.&amp;rft.au=Rivera%2C+Eugenio+J.&amp;rft.au=Vogt%2C+Steven+S.&amp;rft.aufirst=Geoffrey+W.&amp;rft.aulast=Marcy&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal&amp;rft.pages=296-301&amp;rft.volume=556&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fiopscience.iop.org%2F0004-637X%2F556%2F1%2F296%2Ffulltext&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2001ApJ...556..296M&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F321552&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rivera2005-183"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rivera2005_183-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Rivera, Eugenio J.; m.fl. 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Besøkt 25. mars 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=A+closely+packed+system+of+low-mass%2C+low-density+planets+transiting+Kepler-11&amp;rft.aufirst=Jack+L.&amp;rft.aulast=Lissauer&amp;rft.date=2011-02-02&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=7332&amp;rft.jtitle=Nature&amp;rft.pages=53&amp;rft.volume=470&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fftp%2Farxiv%2Fpapers%2F1102%2F1102.0291.pdf&amp;rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F1102.0291&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2011Natur.470...53L&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnature09760&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><b><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Science Daily: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/01/120109115830.htm">Saturn-Like Ring System Eclipses Sun-Like Star</a>, 12. januar 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><b><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ria.ru/science/20120206/558647431.html">Российские астрономы впервые открыли луну возле экзопланеты</a>, 6. februar 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Discovery-187"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Discovery_187-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.discovery.com/space/saturn-on-steroids-exoplanet-discovered-120111.htm">«&#160;'Saturn on Steroids' Exoplanet Discovered?&#160;»</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160311130554/http://news.discovery.com/space/saturn-on-steroids-exoplanet-discovered-120111.htm">Arkivert</a> 11. mars 2016 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., 12. januar 2012.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Litteratur">Litteratur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=37" title="Rediger avsnitt: Litteratur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=37" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Litteratur"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Artikler">Artikler</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=38" title="Rediger avsnitt: Artikler" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=38" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Artikler"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation Journal" id="CITEREFAnderson2009">Anderson,&#32;D.R.&#32;(2009).&#32;«WASP-17b: an ultra-low density planet in a probable retrograde orbit»&#32;(på engelsk).&#32;<i></i><span class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/0908.1553">0908.1553</a></span><span class="noprint">&#160;[<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/archive/astro-ph.EP">astro-ph.EP</a>]</span><i></i>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=WASP-17b%3A+an+ultra-low+density+planet+in+a+probable+retrograde+orbit&amp;rft.jtitle=%27%27%3Cspan+class%3D%22noprint%22%3E%5B%5BarXiv%5D%5D%3A%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fabs%2F0908.1553+0908.1553%5D%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22noprint%22%3E%26nbsp%3B%5B%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Farchive%2Fastro-ph.EP+astro-ph.EP%5D%5D%3C%2Fspan%3E%27%27&amp;rft.aulast=Anderson&amp;rft.aufirst=D.R.&amp;rft.au=Anderson%2C%26%2332%3BD.R.&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Planet"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBailes2011" class="citation journal">Bailes, M.; Bates, S.D.; Bhalerao, V.; Bhat, N.D.R.; Burgay, M.; Burke-Spolaor, S.; d'Amico, N.; Johnston, S.; Keith, M.J. (2011). «Transformation of a Star into a Planet in a Millisecond Pulsar Binary». <i>Science</i> (på engelsk). 333 (6050). <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011Sci...333.1717B">2011Sci...333.1717B</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21868629">21868629</a>. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/1108.5201">1108.5201</a>&#8239;<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Åpent tilgjengelig"><img alt="Åpent tilgjengelig" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1208890">10.1126/science.1208890</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Transformation+of+a+Star+into+a+Planet+in+a+Millisecond+Pulsar+Binary&amp;rft.au=Bailes%2C+M.%3B+Bates%2C+S.D.%3B+Bhalerao%2C+V.%3B+Bhat%2C+N.D.R.%3B+Burgay%2C+M.%3B+Burke-Spolaor%2C+S.%3B+d%27Amico%2C+N.%3B+Johnston%2C+S.%3B+Keith%2C+M.J.&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=6050&amp;rft.jtitle=Science&amp;rft.volume=333&amp;rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F1108.5201&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2011Sci...333.1717B&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.1208890&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21868629&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Flere_navn:_forfatterliste" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBallester2007" class="citation journal">Ballester, Gilda E.Sing, David K.; Herbert, Floyd (2007). «The signature of hot hydrogen in the atmosphere of the extrasolar planet HD 209458b». <i>Nature</i> (på engelsk). 445 (7127). <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007Natur.445..511B">2007Natur.445..511B</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17268463">17268463</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature05525">10.1038/nature05525</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=The+signature+of+hot+hydrogen+in+the+atmosphere+of+the+extrasolar+planet+HD+209458b&amp;rft.au=Ballester%2C+Gilda+E.Sing%2C+David+K.%3B+Herbert%2C+Floyd&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=7127&amp;rft.jtitle=Nature&amp;rft.volume=445&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2007Natur.445..511B&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnature05525&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17268463&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Flere_navn:_forfatterliste" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBasri2000" class="citation journal">Basri, Gibor (2000). «Observations of Brown Dwarfs». <i>Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics</i> (på engelsk). 38 (1). <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000ARA&amp;A..38..485B">2000ARA&#38;A..38..485B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.astro.38.1.485">10.1146/annurev.astro.38.1.485</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Observations+of+Brown+Dwarfs&amp;rft.au=Basri%2C+Gibor&amp;rft.date=2000&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Astronomy+and+Astrophysics&amp;rft.volume=38&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2000ARA%26A..38..485B&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev.astro.38.1.485&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBasri2006" class="citation journal">Basri, Gibor; 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Ragep (2007). «Ibn Sīnā: Abū ʿAlī al‐Ḥusayn ibn ʿAbdallāh ibn Sīnā». <i>Encyclopedia of Astronomy and Astrophysics</i> (på engelsk). <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000eaa..bookE3736.">2000eaa..bookE3736.</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1888%2F0333750888%2F3736">10.1888/0333750888/3736</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Ibn+S%C4%ABn%C4%81%3A+Ab%C5%AB+%CA%BFAl%C4%AB+al%E2%80%90%E1%B8%A4usayn+ibn+%CA%BFAbdall%C4%81h+ibn+S%C4%ABn%C4%81&amp;rft.au=Sally+P.+Ragep&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+of+Astronomy+and+Astrophysics&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2000eaa..bookE3736.&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1888%2F0333750888%2F3736&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRamasubramanian1998" class="citation journal">Ramasubramanian, K. 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Jeremy; Deming, Drake; Horning, Karen; Seager, Sara; Harrington, Joseph (2007). «A spectrum of an extrasolar planet». <i>Nature</i> (på engelsk). 445 (7130). <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007Natur.445..892R">2007Natur.445..892R</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17314975">17314975</a>. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0702507">astro-ph/0702507</a>&#8239;<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Åpent tilgjengelig"><img alt="Åpent tilgjengelig" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature05636">10.1038/nature05636</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=A+spectrum+of+an+extrasolar+planet&amp;rft.au=Richardson%2C+L.+Jeremy%3B+Deming%2C+Drake%3B+Horning%2C+Karen%3B+Seager%2C+Sara%3B+Harrington%2C+Joseph&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=7130&amp;rft.jtitle=Nature&amp;rft.volume=445&amp;rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F0702507&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2007Natur.445..892R&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnature05636&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17314975&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Flere_navn:_forfatterliste" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSachs1974" class="citation journal">Sachs, A. 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Brown, Michael E. (2002). «A Correlation between Inclination and Color in the Classical Kuiper Belt». <i>Astrophysical Journal</i> (på engelsk). 566 (2). <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002ApJ...566L.125T">2002ApJ...566L.125T</a>. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0201040">astro-ph/0201040</a>&#8239;<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Åpent tilgjengelig"><img alt="Åpent tilgjengelig" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F339437">10.1086/339437</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=A+Correlation+between+Inclination+and+Color+in+the+Classical+Kuiper+Belt&amp;rft.au=Trujillo%2C+Chadwick+A.%3B+Brown%2C+Michael+E.&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.jtitle=Astrophysical+Journal&amp;rft.volume=566&amp;rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F0201040&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2002ApJ...566L.125T&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F339437&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Flere_navn:_forfatterliste" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWetherill1980" class="citation journal">Wetherill, G. W. (1980). «Formation of the Terrestrial Planets». <i>Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics</i> (på engelsk). 18 (1). <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1980ARA&amp;A..18...77W">1980ARA&#38;A..18...77W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.aa.18.090180.000453">10.1146/annurev.aa.18.090180.000453</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Formation+of+the+Terrestrial+Planets&amp;rft.au=Wetherill%2C+G.+W.&amp;rft.date=1980&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Astronomy+and+Astrophysics&amp;rft.volume=18&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1980ARA%26A..18...77W&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev.aa.18.090180.000453&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWhipple1964" class="citation journal">Whipple, Fred (1964). «The History of the Solar System». <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</i> (på engelsk). 52 (2). <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1964PNAS...52..565W">1964PNAS...52..565W</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16591209">16591209</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.52.2.565">10.1073/pnas.52.2.565</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=The+History+of+the+Solar+System&amp;rft.au=Whipple%2C+Fred&amp;rft.date=1964&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&amp;rft.volume=52&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1964PNAS...52..565W&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.52.2.565&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16591209&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWinn2005" class="citation journal">Winn, Joshua N.; Holman, Matthew J. (2005). «Obliquity Tides on Hot Jupiters». <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i> (på engelsk). 628 (2). <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005ApJ...628L.159W">2005ApJ...628L.159W</a>. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0506468">astro-ph/0506468</a>&#8239;<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Åpent tilgjengelig"><img alt="Åpent tilgjengelig" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F432834">10.1086/432834</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Obliquity+Tides+on+Hot+Jupiters&amp;rft.au=Winn%2C+Joshua+N.%3B+Holman%2C+Matthew+J.&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal&amp;rft.volume=628&amp;rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F0506468&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2005ApJ...628L.159W&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F432834&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Flere_navn:_forfatterliste" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWolszczan1992" class="citation journal">Wolszczan, A.; Frail, D. A. (1992). «A planetary system around the millisecond pulsar PSR1257+12». <i>Nature</i> (på engelsk). 355 (6356). <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992Natur.355..145W">1992Natur.355..145W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F355145a0">10.1038/355145a0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=A+planetary+system+around+the+millisecond+pulsar+PSR1257%2B12&amp;rft.au=Wolszczan%2C+A.%3B+Frail%2C+D.+A.&amp;rft.date=1992&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=6356&amp;rft.jtitle=Nature&amp;rft.volume=355&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1992Natur.355..145W&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F355145a0&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Flere_navn:_forfatterliste" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste">link</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="citation Journal" id="CITEREFWrightFakhouriMarcyHan2010">Wright, Jason T.&#59;&#32;Fakhouri, Onsi&#59;&#32;Marcy&#59;&#32;Han, Eunkyu&#59;&#32;Feng, Ying&#59;&#32;Johnson, John Asher&#59;&#32;Howard&#59;&#32;Fischer&#32;m. fl..&#32;(2010).&#32;«The Exoplanet Orbit Database»&#32;(på engelsk).&#32;<i></i><span class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1012.5676">1012.5676</a></span><span class="noprint">&#160;[<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/archive/astro-ph.SR">astro-ph.SR</a>]</span><i></i>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=The+Exoplanet+Orbit+Database&amp;rft.jtitle=%27%27%3Cspan+class%3D%22noprint%22%3E%5B%5BarXiv%5D%5D%3A%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fabs%2F1012.5676+1012.5676%5D%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22noprint%22%3E%26nbsp%3B%5B%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Farchive%2Fastro-ph.SR+astro-ph.SR%5D%5D%3C%2Fspan%3E%27%27&amp;rft.aulast=Wright%2C+Jason+T.&amp;rft.au=Wright%2C+Jason+T.&amp;rft.au=Fakhouri%2C+Onsi&amp;rft.au=Marcy&amp;rft.au=Han%2C+Eunkyu&amp;rft.au=Feng%2C+Ying&amp;rft.au=Johnson%2C+John+Asher&amp;rft.au=Howard&amp;rft.au=Fischer&amp;rft.au=Valenti&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Planet"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFZarka2001" class="citation journal">Zarka, Philippe; Treumann, Rudolf A.; Ryabov, Boris P.; Ryabov, Vladimir B. (2001). «Magnetically-Driven Planetary Radio Emissions and Application to Extrasolar Planets». <i>Astrophysics &amp; Space Science</i> (på engelsk). 277 (1/2). <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Ap&amp;SS.277..293Z">2001Ap&#38;SS.277..293Z</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1023%2FA%3A1012221527425">10.1023/A:1012221527425</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Magnetically-Driven+Planetary+Radio+Emissions+and+Application+to+Extrasolar+Planets&amp;rft.au=Zarka%2C+Philippe%3B+Treumann%2C+Rudolf+A.%3B+Ryabov%2C+Boris+P.%3B+Ryabov%2C+Vladimir+B.&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=1%2F2&amp;rft.jtitle=Astrophysics+%26+Space+Science&amp;rft.volume=277&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2001Ap%26SS.277..293Z&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1023%2FA%3A1012221527425&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Flere_navn:_forfatterliste" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bøker"><span id="B.C3.B8ker"></span>Bøker</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=39" title="Rediger avsnitt: Bøker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=39" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Bøker"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFBorgia2006" class="citation book">Borgia, Michael P. (2006). <i>The Outer Worlds; Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, and Beyond</i> (på engelsk). Springer New York.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Borgia%2C+Michael+P.&amp;rft.btitle=The+Outer+Worlds%3B+Uranus%2C+Neptune%2C+Pluto%2C+and+Beyond&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pub=Springer+New+York&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBurnet1950" class="citation book">Burnet, John (1950). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=7yUAmmqHHEgC&amp;pg=PR4"><i>Greek philosophy: Thales to Plato</i></a> (på engelsk). Macmillan and Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/978-1-4067-6601-1" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/978-1-4067-6601-1">978-1-4067-6601-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Burnet%2C+John&amp;rft.btitle=Greek+philosophy%3A+Thales+to+Plato&amp;rft.date=1950&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-4067-6601-1&amp;rft.pub=Macmillan+and+Co.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3D7yUAmmqHHEgC%26pg%3DPR4&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFCameron2005" class="citation book">Cameron, Alan (2005). <i>Greek Mythography in the Roman World</i> (på engelsk). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0-19-517121-7" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/0-19-517121-7">0-19-517121-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Cameron%2C+Alan&amp;rft.btitle=Greek+Mythography+in+the+Roman+World&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=0-19-517121-7&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFCassini1673" class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Cassini" title="Giovanni Cassini">Cassini, Giovanni</a> (1673). <i>Decouverte de deux Nouvelles Planetes autour de Saturne</i> (på engelsk). Sabastien Mabre-Craniusy.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Cassini%2C+Giovanni&amp;rft.btitle=Decouverte+de+deux+Nouvelles+Planetes+autour+de+Saturne&amp;rft.date=1673&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pub=Sabastien+Mabre-Craniusy&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFCochrane1997" class="citation book">Cochrane, Ev (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=jz3eqRGuM0wC&amp;pg=PP9&amp;dq=ares+nergal+planet+pestilence"><i>Martian Metamorphoses: The Planet Mars in Ancient Myth and Tradition</i></a> (på engelsk). Aeon Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0-9656229-0-8" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/0-9656229-0-8">0-9656229-0-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Cochrane%2C+Ev&amp;rft.btitle=Martian+Metamorphoses%3A+The+Planet+Mars+in+Ancient+Myth+and+Tradition&amp;rft.date=1997&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=0-9656229-0-8&amp;rft.pub=Aeon+Press&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3Djz3eqRGuM0wC%26pg%3DPP9%26dq%3Dares%2Bnergal%2Bplanet%2Bpestilence&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFCroswell1997" class="citation book">Croswell, K. (1997). <i>Planet Quest: The Epic Discovery of Alien Solar Systems</i> (på engelsk). The Free Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/978-0-684-83252-4" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/978-0-684-83252-4">978-0-684-83252-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Croswell%2C+K.&amp;rft.btitle=Planet+Quest%3A+The+Epic+Discovery+of+Alien+Solar+Systems&amp;rft.date=1997&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-684-83252-4&amp;rft.pub=The+Free+Press&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDvorak2005" class="citation book">Dvorak, R.; Kurths, J.; Freistetter, F. (2005). <i>Chaos And Stability in Planetary Systems</i> (på engelsk). New York: Springer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/3-540-28208-4" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/3-540-28208-4">3-540-28208-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Dvorak%2C+R.%3B+Kurths%2C+J.%3B+Freistetter%2C+F.&amp;rft.btitle=Chaos+And+Stability+in+Planetary+Systems&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=3-540-28208-4&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=Springer&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Flere_navn:_forfatterliste" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFElkins-Tanton2006" class="citation book">Elkins-Tanton, Linda T. (2006). <i>Jupiter and Saturn</i> (på engelsk). New York: Chelsea House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0-8160-5196-8" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/0-8160-5196-8">0-8160-5196-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Elkins-Tanton%2C+Linda+T.&amp;rft.btitle=Jupiter+and+Saturn&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=0-8160-5196-8&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=Chelsea+House&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEvans1998" class="citation book">Evans, James (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=nS51_7qbEWsC&amp;pg=PA17"><i>The History and Practice of Ancient Astronomy</i></a> (på engelsk). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/978-0-19-509539-5" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/978-0-19-509539-5">978-0-19-509539-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Evans%2C+James&amp;rft.btitle=The+History+and+Practice+of+Ancient+Astronomy&amp;rft.date=1998&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-19-509539-5&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DnS51_7qbEWsC%26pg%3DPA17&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHolden1996" class="citation book">Holden, James Herschel (1996). <i>A History of Horoscopic Astrology</i> (på engelsk). AFA. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/978-0-86690-463-6" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/978-0-86690-463-6">978-0-86690-463-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Holden%2C+James+Herschel&amp;rft.btitle=A+History+of+Horoscopic+Astrology&amp;rft.date=1996&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-86690-463-6&amp;rft.pub=AFA&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHunger1992" class="citation book">Hunger, Hermann (1992). <i>Astrological reports to Assyrian kings</i> (på engelsk). Helsinki University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/951-570-130-9" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/951-570-130-9">951-570-130-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Hunger%2C+Hermann&amp;rft.btitle=Astrological+reports+to+Assyrian+kings&amp;rft.date=1992&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=951-570-130-9&amp;rft.pub=Helsinki+University+Press&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKivelson2007" class="citation book">Kivelson, Margaret GallandBagenal, Fran (2007). «Planetary Magnetospheres». I Lucyann Mcfadden, Paul Weissman, Torrence Johnson. <i>Encyclopedia of the Solar System</i> (på engelsk). Academic Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/978-0-12-088589-3" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/978-0-12-088589-3">978-0-12-088589-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Planetary+Magnetospheres&amp;rft.au=Kivelson%2C+Margaret+GallandBagenal%2C+Fran&amp;rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+Solar+System&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-12-088589-3&amp;rft.pub=Academic+Press&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Flere_navn:_forfatterliste" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKuhn1957" class="citation book">Kuhn, Thomas S. (1957). <i>The Copernican Revolution</i> (på engelsk). Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0-674-17103-9" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/0-674-17103-9">0-674-17103-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Kuhn%2C+Thomas+S.&amp;rft.btitle=The+Copernican+Revolution&amp;rft.date=1957&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=0-674-17103-9&amp;rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLiddell–Scott1940" class="citation book">Liddell, H.G.; Scott, R. (1940). <i>A Greek–English Lexicon</i> (på engelsk) (9 utg.). Oxford: Clarendon Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Liddell%2C+H.G.%3B+Scott%2C+R.&amp;rft.btitle=A+Greek%E2%80%93English+Lexicon&amp;rft.date=1940&amp;rft.edition=9&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Flere_navn:_forfatterliste" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFPtolemaios1998" class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/Klaudios_Ptolemaios" title="Klaudios Ptolemaios">Ptolemaios</a>; Toomer, G.J. (1998). <i>Ptolemy's Almagest</i> (på engelsk). <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/978-0-691-00260-6" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/978-0-691-00260-6">978-0-691-00260-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Ptolemaios%3B+Toomer%2C+G.J.&amp;rft.btitle=Ptolemy%27s+Almagest&amp;rft.date=1998&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-691-00260-6&amp;rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Flere_navn:_forfatterliste" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRazaullah_Ansari2002" class="citation book">Ansari, S.M. Razaullah (2002). <i>History of oriental astronomy: proceedings of the joint discussion-17 at the 23rd General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union, organised by the Commission 41 (History of Astronomy), held in Kyoto, August 25–26, 1997</i> (på engelsk). Springer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/1-4020-0657-8" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/1-4020-0657-8">1-4020-0657-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Ansari%2C+S.M.+Razaullah&amp;rft.btitle=History+of+oriental+astronomy%3A+proceedings+of+the+joint+discussion-17+at+the+23rd+General+Assembly+of+the+International+Astronomical+Union%2C+organised+by+the+Commission+41+%28History+of+Astronomy%29%2C+held+in+Kyoto%2C+August+25%E2%80%9326%2C+1997&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=1-4020-0657-8&amp;rft.pub=Springer&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRochberg2000" class="citation book">Rochberg, Francesca (2000). «Astronomy and Calendars in Ancient Mesopotamia». I Jack Sasson. <i>Civilizations of the Ancient Near East</i> (på engelsk).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Astronomy+and+Calendars+in+Ancient+Mesopotamia&amp;rft.au=Rochberg%2C+Francesca&amp;rft.btitle=Civilizations+of+the+Ancient+Near+East&amp;rft.date=2000&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTatum2007" class="citation book">Tatum, J. B. (2007). «17. Visual binary stars». <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://astrowww.phys.uvic.ca/~tatum/celmechs/celm17.pdf"><i>Celestial Mechanics</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (på engelsk). Eget nettsted.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=17.+Visual+binary+stars&amp;rft.au=Tatum%2C+J.+B.&amp;rft.btitle=Celestial+Mechanics&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.pub=Eget+nettsted&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fastrowww.phys.uvic.ca%2F~tatum%2Fcelmechs%2Fcelm17.pdf&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFThérèse2004" class="citation book">Thérèse, Encrenaz (2004). <i>The Solar System</i> (på engelsk) (3 utg.). Springer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/3-540-00241-3" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/3-540-00241-3">3-540-00241-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se%2C+Encrenaz&amp;rft.btitle=The+Solar+System&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.edition=3&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=3-540-00241-3&amp;rft.pub=Springer&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRonan1996" class="citation book">Ronan, Colin (1996). «Astronomy Before the Telescope». I Walker, C. <i>Astronomy in China, Korea and Japan</i> (på engelsk) (Walker utg.). New York: St. Martin's Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Astronomy+Before+the+Telescope&amp;rft.au=Ronan%2C+Colin&amp;rft.btitle=Astronomy+in+China%2C+Korea+and+Japan&amp;rft.date=1996&amp;rft.edition=Walker&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Press&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSarma1997" class="citation book">Sarma, K.V. (1997). «Astronomy in India». I Selin, Helaine. <i>Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures</i> (på engelsk). Kluwer Academic Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0-7923-4066-3" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/0-7923-4066-3">0-7923-4066-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Astronomy+in+India&amp;rft.au=Sarma%2C+K.V.&amp;rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+the+History+of+Science%2C+Technology%2C+and+Medicine+in+Non-Western+Cultures&amp;rft.date=1997&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.isbn=0-7923-4066-3&amp;rft.pub=Kluwer+Academic+Publishers&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFYoung1902_first=Charles_Augustus" class="citation book">Young, (1902). <i>Manual of Astronomy: A Text Book</i> (på engelsk). Ginn &amp; company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/1143408616" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/1143408616">1143408616</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Young%2C&amp;rft.btitle=Manual+of+Astronomy%3A+A+Text+Book&amp;rft.date=1902&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=1143408616&amp;rft.pub=Ginn+%26+company&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFZeilik1998" class="citation book">Zeilik, Michael A.; Gregory, Stephan A. (1998). <i>Introductory Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics</i> (på engelsk) (4th utg.). Saunders College Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0-03-006228-4" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/0-03-006228-4">0-03-006228-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Zeilik%2C+Michael+A.%3B+Gregory%2C+Stephan+A.&amp;rft.btitle=Introductory+Astronomy+%26+Astrophysics&amp;rft.date=1998&amp;rft.edition=4th&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=0-03-006228-4&amp;rft.pub=Saunders+College+Publishing&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Flere_navn:_forfatterliste" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFZerubavel1989" class="citation book">Zerubavel, Eviatar (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=aGahKeojIUoC&amp;pg=PA14"><i>The Seven Day Circle: The History and Meaning of the Week</i></a> (på engelsk). University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0-226-98165-7" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/0-226-98165-7">0-226-98165-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Zerubavel%2C+Eviatar&amp;rft.btitle=The+Seven+Day+Circle%3A+The+History+and+Meaning+of+the+Week&amp;rft.date=1989&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=0-226-98165-7&amp;rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DaGahKeojIUoC%26pg%3DPA14&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nettsider">Nettsider</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=40" title="Rediger avsnitt: Nettsider" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=40" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Nettsider"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFAguilarPulliam2004" class="citation web">Aguilar, David; Pulliam, Christine (6. januar 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6Dxs3xNC7?url=http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/news/archive/pr0404.html">«Lifeless Suns Dominated The Early Universe»</a> (på engelsk). Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/news/archive/pr0404.html">originalen</a> 26. januar 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 28. mai 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Aguilar%2C+David%3B+Pulliam%2C+Christine&amp;rft.btitle=Lifeless+Suns+Dominated+The+Early+Universe&amp;rft.date=2004-01-06&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Harvard-Smithsonian+Center+for+Astrophysics&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cfa.harvard.edu%2Fnews%2Farchive%2Fpr0404.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Flere_navn:_forfatterliste" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFAstroBiology_Magazine,_.27.27Exoplanets_Exposed_to_the_Core.27.27" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/66oSteDzQ?url=http://www.astrobio.net/index.php?option=com_news">«Exoplanets Exposed to the Core»</a> (på engelsk). AstroBiology Magazine. 25. april 2009. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astrobio.net/index.php?option=com_news&amp;task=detail&amp;id=3105">originalen</a> 10. april 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 18. april 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.btitle=Exoplanets+Exposed+to+the+Core&amp;rft.date=2009-04-25&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=AstroBiology+Magazine&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.astrobio.net%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_news%26task%3Ddetail%26id%3D3105&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBBC_News,_.27.27Pluto_loses_status_as_a_planet.27.27" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6DxwBGxqQ?url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/5282440.stm">«Pluto loses status as a planet»</a> (på engelsk). BBC News. 24. august 2006. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/5282440.stm">originalen</a> 26. januar 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 9. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.btitle=Pluto+loses+status+as+a+planet&amp;rft.date=2006-08-24&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=BBC+News&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2F5282440.stm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBBC_News,_.27.27New_.27super-Earth.27_found_in_space.27.27" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6Dxz3so4U?url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6589157.stm">«New 'super-Earth' found in space»</a> (på engelsk). BBC News. 25. april 2007. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/6589157.stm">originalen</a> 26. januar 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 24. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.btitle=New+%27super-Earth%27+found+in+space&amp;rft.date=2007-04-25&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=BBC+News&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fsci%2Ftech%2F6589157.stm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBBC_News,_.27.27Super-Earth_.27began_as_giant.27.27.27" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6Fybk792o?url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/8446125.stm">«Super-Earth 'began as gas giant<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">'</span>»</a>. BBC News. 10. januar 2010. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/8446125.stm">originalen</a> 18. april 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 18. april 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.btitle=Super-Earth+%27began+as+gas+giant%27&amp;rft.date=2010-01-10&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=BBC+News&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fsci%2Ftech%2F8446125.stm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritt2004" class="citation web">Britt, Robert Roy (10. september 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/68uUtwCRE?url=http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/planet_photo_040910.html">«Likely First Photo of Planet Beyond the Solar System»</a>. <i>Space.com</i> (på engelsk). Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/planet_photo_040910.html">originalen</a> 4. juli 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 28. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Likely+First+Photo+of+Planet+Beyond+the+Solar+System&amp;rft.au=Britt%2C+Robert+Roy&amp;rft.date=2004-09-10&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Space.com&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2Fscienceastronomy%2Fplanet_photo_040910.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritt,_.27.27Pluto_Demoted.27.27" class="citation web">Britt, Robert Roy (24. august 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/68uV7ZSY1?url=http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/060824_planet_definition.html">«Pluto Demoted: No Longer a Planet in Highly Controversial Definition»</a>. <i>Space.com</i> (på engelsk). Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/060824_planet_definition.html">originalen</a> 4. juli 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 9. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Pluto+Demoted%3A+No+Longer+a+Planet+in+Highly+Controversial+Definition&amp;rft.au=Britt%2C+Robert+Roy&amp;rft.date=2006-08-24&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Space.com&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2Fscienceastronomy%2F060824_planet_definition.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritt,_.27.27Pluto.27.27" class="citation web">Britt, Robert Roy (31. august 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/68uV8rVRy?url=http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/060831_planet_definition.html">«Pluto: Down But Maybe Not Out»</a>. <i>Space.com</i> (på engelsk). Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/060831_planet_definition.html">originalen</a> 4. juli 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 9. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Pluto%3A+Down+But+Maybe+Not+Out&amp;rft.au=Britt%2C+Robert+Roy&amp;rft.date=2006-08-31&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Space.com&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2Fscienceastronomy%2F060831_planet_definition.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBrown2012" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6DxuMPVp2?url=http://www.gps.caltech.edu/~mbrown/dps.html">«Astronomer Mike Brown»</a> (på engelsk). Gps.caltech.edu. 27. juli 2012. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gps.caltech.edu/%7Embrown/dps.html">originalen</a> 26. januar 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 28. mai 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.btitle=Astronomer+Mike+Brown&amp;rft.date=2012-07-27&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Gps.caltech.edu&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gps.caltech.edu%2F%257Embrown%2Fdps.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBrown2006" class="citation web"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Brown" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Brown">Brown, Michael E.</a> (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5wRXb7z9k?url=http://www.gps.caltech.edu/~mbrown/dwarfplanets/">«The Dwarf Planets»</a>. <i>California Institute of Technology</i> (på engelsk). Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gps.caltech.edu/~mbrown/dwarfplanets/">originalen</a> 12. februar 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 1. juli 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=The+Dwarf+Planets&amp;rft.au=Brown%2C+Michael+E.&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=California+Institute+of+Technology&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gps.caltech.edu%2F~mbrown%2Fdwarfplanets%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFButler,_.27.27Catalog_of_Nearby_Exoplanets.27.27" class="citation web">Butler, R.P. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/68uV4Jfeu?url=http://exoplanets.org/">«Catalog of Nearby Exoplanets»</a> (på engelsk). University of California and the Carnegie Institution. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://exoplanets.org/">originalen</a> 4. juli 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 9. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Butler%2C+R.P.&amp;rft.btitle=Catalog+of+Nearby+Exoplanets&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=University+of+California+and+the+Carnegie+Institution&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fexoplanets.org%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFClavin2005" class="citation web">Clavin, Whitney (9. november 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070711171654/http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/Media/happenings/20051129/">«A Planet with Planets? Spitzer Finds Cosmic Oddball»</a>. <i>Spitzer Space Telescope Newsroom</i> (på engelsk). Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/Media/happenings/20051129/">originalen</a> 11. juli 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 26. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=A+Planet+with+Planets%3F+Spitzer+Finds+Cosmic+Oddball&amp;rft.au=Clavin%2C+Whitney&amp;rft.date=2005-11-09&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Spitzer+Space+Telescope+Newsroom&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spitzer.caltech.edu%2FMedia%2Fhappenings%2F20051129%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFCurtis" class="citation web">Curtis, Anthony R. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6Dy5Ei1SW?url=http://www.spacetoday.org/DeepSpace/Stars/Planets/PlanetFindingMissions.html">«Future American and European Planet Finding Missions»</a> (på engelsk). Space Today Online. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spacetoday.org/DeepSpace/Stars/Planets/PlanetFindingMissions.html">originalen</a> 26. januar 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 24. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Curtis%2C+Anthony+R.&amp;rft.btitle=Future+American+and+European+Planet+Finding+Missions&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Space+Today+Online&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spacetoday.org%2FDeepSpace%2FStars%2FPlanets%2FPlanetFindingMissions.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDrake2003" class="citation web">Drake, Frank (29. september 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110628180502/http://www.astrobio.net/index.php?option=com_retrospection&amp;task=detail&amp;id=610">«The Drake Equation Revisited»</a> (på engelsk). Astrobiology Magazine. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astrobio.net/index.php?option=com_retrospection&amp;task=detail&amp;id=610">originalen</a> 28. juni 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 24. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Drake%2C+Frank&amp;rft.btitle=The+Drake+Equation+Revisited&amp;rft.date=2003-09-29&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Astrobiology+Magazine&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.astrobio.net%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_retrospection%26task%3Ddetail%26id%3D610&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREF.27.27Scientific_American.27.27" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6DxyKt8kF?url=http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=exoplanet-catalogue">«How One Astronomer Became the Unofficial Exoplanet Record-Keeper»</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Scientific_American" title="Scientific American">Scientific American</a></i> (på engelsk). Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=exoplanet-catalogue">originalen</a> 26. januar 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 1. juli 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=How+One+Astronomer+Became+the+Unofficial+Exoplanet+Record-Keeper&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Scientific+American&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scientificamerican.com%2Farticle.cfm%3Fid%3Dexoplanet-catalogue&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFeso0427" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130203201249/http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0427/">«Fourteen Times the Earth»</a> (på engelsk). <a href="/wiki/European_Southern_Observatory" class="mw-redirect" title="European Southern Observatory">European Southern Observatory</a>. 25. august 2004. Archived from the original on 3. februar 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 21. april 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.btitle=Fourteen+Times+the+Earth&amp;rft.date=2004-08-25&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=European+Southern+Observatory&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eso.org%2Fpublic%2Fnews%2Feso0427%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Uheldig URL (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Uheldig_URL" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Uheldig URL">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEspenak" class="citation web">Espenak, Fred. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/669rnq4ZT?url=http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/transit/catalog/VenusCatalog.html">«Six millenium catalog of Venus transits: 2000 BCE to 4000 CE»</a> (på engelsk). NASA/GSFC. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/transit/catalog/VenusCatalog.html">originalen</a> 14. mars 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 27. mai 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Espenak%2C+Fred&amp;rft.btitle=Six+millenium+catalog+of+Venus+transits%3A+2000+BCE+to+4000+CE&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=NASA%2FGSFC&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Ftransit%2Fcatalog%2FVenusCatalog.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREF.27.27Extrasolar_Planets_Encyclopedia.27.27" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/68uUsn7yC?url=http://exoplanet.eu/star.php?st=Gl%20581">«Gliese 581 d»</a>. <i>The Extrasolar Planets Encyclopedia</i> (på engelsk). Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://exoplanet.eu/star.php?st=Gl+581">originalen</a> 4. juli 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 24. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Gliese+581+d&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Extrasolar+Planets+Encyclopedia&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fexoplanet.eu%2Fstar.php%3Fst%3DGl%2B581&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFGefter2004" class="citation web">Gefter, Amanda (17. januar 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/68uUzWerg?url=http://www.astronomy.com/asy/default.aspx?c=a">«Magnetic planet»</a>. <i>Astronomy</i> (på engelsk). Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astronomy.com/asy/default.aspx?c=a&amp;id=2090">originalen</a> 4. juli 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 1. juli 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Magnetic+planet&amp;rft.au=Gefter%2C+Amanda&amp;rft.date=2004-01-17&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Astronomy&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.astronomy.com%2Fasy%2Fdefault.aspx%3Fc%3Da%26id%3D2090&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFGreen2006" class="citation web">Green, D.W.E. (13. september 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080624225029/http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/iau/special/08747.pdf">«(134340) Pluto, (136199) Eris, and (136199) Eris I (Dysnomia)»</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (på engelsk). Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams, International Astronomical Union. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/08700/08747.html">originalen</a> 24. juni 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 9. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Green%2C+D.W.E.&amp;rft.btitle=%28134340%29+Pluto%2C+%28136199%29+Eris%2C+and+%28136199%29+Eris+I+%28Dysnomia%29&amp;rft.date=2006-09-13&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Central+Bureau+for+Astronomical+Telegrams%2C+International+Astronomical+Union&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbat.eps.harvard.edu%2Fiauc%2F08700%2F08747.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHarper,_.27.27Earth.27.27" class="citation web">Harper, Douglas (1. september 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/617En1oOe?url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=earth">«Earth»</a>. <i>Online Etymology Dictionary</i> (på engelsk). Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=earth">originalen</a> 22. august 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 12. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Earth&amp;rft.au=Harper%2C+Douglas&amp;rft.date=2001-09-01&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Findex.php%3Fterm%3Dearth&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHarper,_.27.27Terrain.27.27" class="citation web">Harper, Douglas (1. september 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/68uV3q4vQ?url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=terrain">«Terrain»</a>. <i>Online Etymology Dictionary</i> (på engelsk). Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=terrain">originalen</a> 4. juli 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 12. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Terrain&amp;rft.au=Harper%2C+Douglas&amp;rft.date=2001-09-01&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Findex.php%3Fterm%3Dterrain&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHarvey2006" class="citation web">Harvey, Samantha (1. mai 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5mq2XiLDj?url=http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/scitech/display.cfm?ST_ID=725">«Weather, Weather, Everywhere?»</a> (på engelsk). <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/scitech/display.cfm?ST_ID=725">originalen</a> 17. januar 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 30. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Harvey%2C+Samantha&amp;rft.btitle=Weather%2C+Weather%2C+Everywhere%3F&amp;rft.date=2006-05-01&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=NASA&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsolarsystem.nasa.gov%2Fscitech%2Fdisplay.cfm%3FST_ID%3D725&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHilton" class="citation web">Hilton, James L. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080324182332/http://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/docs/minorplanets.php">«When did the asteroids become minor planets?»</a>. <i>U.S. Naval Observatory</i> (på engelsk). Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/docs/minorplanets.php">originalen</a> 24. mars 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 28. mai 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=When+did+the+asteroids+become+minor+planets%3F&amp;rft.au=Hilton%2C+James+L.&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=U.S.+Naval+Observatory&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faa.usno.navy.mil%2Ffaq%2Fdocs%2Fminorplanets.php&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHilton2001" class="citation web">Hilton, James L. (17. september 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070921162818/http://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/docs/minorplanets.php">«When Did the Asteroids Become Minor Planets?»</a> (på engelsk). U. S. Naval Observatory. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/docs/minorplanets.php">originalen</a> 21. september 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 27. mai 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Hilton%2C+James+L.&amp;rft.btitle=When+Did+the+Asteroids+Become+Minor+Planets%3F&amp;rft.date=2001-09-17&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=U.+S.+Naval+Observatory&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faa.usno.navy.mil%2Ffaq%2Fdocs%2Fminorplanets.php&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFIAU,_General_Assembly" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6Dy2xKvYc?url=http://astro2006.meta.mediastream.cz/Astro2006-060822-01.asx">«IAU General Assembly: Definition of Planet debate»</a> (på engelsk). MediaStream.cz. 2006. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://astro2006.meta.mediastream.cz/Astro2006-060822-01.asx">originalen</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(.wmv)</span> 26. januar 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 28. mai 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.btitle=IAU+General+Assembly%3A+Definition+of+Planet+debate&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=MediaStream.cz&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fastro2006.meta.mediastream.cz%2FAstro2006-060822-01.asx&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFIAU,_.27.27Result_of_the_IAU_Resolution_votes.27.27" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5msMTolDi?url=http://www.iau.org/public_press/news/detail/iau0603/">«IAU 2006 General Assembly: Result of the IAU Resolution votes»</a> (på engelsk). <a href="/wiki/Den_internasjonale_astronomiske_union" title="Den internasjonale astronomiske union">Den internasjonale astronomiske union</a>. 2006. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iau.org/public_press/news/detail/iau0603/">originalen</a> 18. januar 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 21. mai 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.btitle=IAU+2006+General+Assembly%3A+Result+of+the+IAU+Resolution+votes&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Den+internasjonale+astronomiske+union&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iau.org%2Fpublic_press%2Fnews%2Fdetail%2Fiau0603%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFIAU,_.27.27Working_Group.27.27" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/68uUrFa98?url=http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/boss/definition.html">«Working Group on Extrasolar Planets (WGESP) of the International Astronomical Union»</a> (på engelsk). <a href="/wiki/Den_internasjonale_astronomiske_union" title="Den internasjonale astronomiske union">Den internasjonale astronomiske union</a>. 2001. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/boss/definition.html">originalen</a> 4. juli 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 21. mai 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.btitle=Working+Group+on+Extrasolar+Planets+%28WGESP%29+of+the+International+Astronomical+Union&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Den+internasjonale+astronomiske+union&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dtm.ciw.edu%2Fboss%2Fdefinition.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2011" class="citation web">Johnson, Michele (20. desember 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120510185921/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/kepler/news/kepler-20-system.html">«NASA Discovers First Earth-size Planets Beyond Our Solar System»</a> (på engelsk). <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>. Archived from the original on 10. mai 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 21. mai 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Johnson%2C+Michele&amp;rft.btitle=NASA+Discovers+First+Earth-size+Planets+Beyond+Our+Solar+System&amp;rft.date=2011-12-20&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=NASA&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Fmission_pages%2Fkepler%2Fnews%2Fkepler-20-system.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Uheldig URL (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Uheldig_URL" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Uheldig URL">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFJones2001" class="citation web">Jones, Nicola (11. desember 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6Dy2NB3WR?url=http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn1647">«Bacterial explanation for Europa's rosy glow»</a>. <i>New Scientist Print Edition</i> (på engelsk). Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn1647">originalen</a> 26. januar 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 28. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Bacterial+explanation+for+Europa%27s+rosy+glow&amp;rft.au=Jones%2C+Nicola&amp;rft.date=2001-12-11&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=New+Scientist+Print+Edition&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newscientist.com%2Farticle.ns%3Fid%3Ddn1647&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKennedy2005" class="citation web">Kennedy, Barbara (11. februar 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6Dy2aH5k9?url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/news/n0502/11planet/">«Scientists reveal smallest extra-solar planet yet found»</a> (på engelsk). SpaceFlight Now. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spaceflightnow.com/news/n0502/11planet/">originalen</a> 26. januar 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 28. mai 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Kennedy%2C+Barbara&amp;rft.btitle=Scientists+reveal+smallest+extra-solar+planet+yet+found&amp;rft.date=2005-02-11&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=SpaceFlight+Now&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spaceflightnow.com%2Fnews%2Fn0502%2F11planet%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMerriam-Webster" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/66XExJcq9?url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/planet">«Definition of planet»</a> (på engelsk). Merriam-Webster OnLine. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/planet">originalen</a> 29. mars 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 22. mai 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.btitle=Definition+of+planet&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Merriam-Webster+OnLine&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fplanet&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMoskowitz2006" class="citation web">Moskowitz, Clara (18. oktober 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6Dy37RlN0?url=http://news.stanford.edu/news/2006/october18/mbrown-101806.html">«Scientist who found '10th planet' discusses downgrading of Pluto»</a> (på engelsk). Stanford news. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2006/october18/mbrown-101806.html">originalen</a> 26. januar 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 9. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Moskowitz%2C+Clara&amp;rft.btitle=Scientist+who+found+%2710th+planet%27+discusses+downgrading+of+Pluto&amp;rft.date=2006-10-18&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Stanford+news&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews-service.stanford.edu%2Fnews%2F2006%2Foctober18%2Fmbrown-101806.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFNASA,_.27.27Kepler20e.27.27" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6DxnN7dw8?url=http://kepler.nasa.gov/Mission/discoveries/kepler20e/">«Kepler: A Search For Habitable Planets – Kepler-20e»</a> (på engelsk). <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>. 20. desember 2011. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kepler.nasa.gov/Mission/discoveries/kepler20e/">originalen</a> 26. januar 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 21. mai 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.btitle=Kepler%3A+A+Search+For+Habitable+Planets+%E2%80%93+Kepler-20e&amp;rft.date=2011-12-20&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=NASA&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkepler.nasa.gov%2FMission%2Fdiscoveries%2Fkepler20e%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFNASA,_.27.27Kepler20f.27.27" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6DxnQUw8P?url=http://kepler.nasa.gov/Mission/discoveries/kepler20f/">«Kepler: A Search For Habitable Planets – Kepler-20f»</a> (på engelsk). <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>. 20. desember 2011. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kepler.nasa.gov/Mission/discoveries/kepler20f/">originalen</a> 26. januar 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 21. mai 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.btitle=Kepler%3A+A+Search+For+Habitable+Planets+%E2%80%93+Kepler-20f&amp;rft.date=2011-12-20&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=NASA&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkepler.nasa.gov%2FMission%2Fdiscoveries%2Fkepler20f%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFNASA,_.27.27Kepler_Mission.27.27" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/693sPvtNI?url=http://www.nasa.gov/topics/universe/features/rocky_planet.html">«NASA'S Kepler Mission Discovers Its First Rocky Planet»</a> (på engelsk). NASA. 2011. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/topics/universe/features/rocky_planet.html">originalen</a> 10. juli 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 23. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.btitle=NASA%27S+Kepler+Mission+Discovers+Its+First+Rocky+Planet&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=NASA&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Ftopics%2Funiverse%2Ffeatures%2Frocky_planet.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFO.27ConnorRobertson2000" class="citation web">O'Connor, J.J; Robertson, E.F. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6Dxq5ms1u?url=http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Aryabhata_I.html">«Aryabhata the Elder»</a> (på engelsk). <i>MacTutor History of Mathematics archive</i>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_St_Andrews" title="University of St Andrews">University of St Andrews</a>. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Aryabhata_I.html">originalen</a> 26. januar 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 16. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=O%27Connor%2C+J.J%3B+Robertson%2C+E.F.&amp;rft.btitle=Aryabhata+the+Elder&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=%27%27MacTutor+History+of+Mathematics+archive%27%27%2C+University+of+St+Andrews&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk%2F~history%2FBiographies%2FAryabhata_I.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Flere_navn:_forfatterliste" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFOverbye2011" class="citation web">Overbye, Dennis (20. desember 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6DxnWghEN?url=http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/21/science/space/nasas-kepler-spacecraft-discovers-2-earth-size-planets.html?_r=0">«Two Earth-Size Planets Are Discovered»</a> (på engelsk). <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/21/science/space/nasas-kepler-spacecraft-discovers-2-earth-size-planets.html">originalen</a> 26. januar 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 21. mai 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Overbye%2C+Dennis&amp;rft.btitle=Two+Earth-Size+Planets+Are+Discovered&amp;rft.date=2011-12-20&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F12%2F21%2Fscience%2Fspace%2Fnasas-kepler-spacecraft-discovers-2-earth-size-planets.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREF.27.27Oxford_English_Dictionary.27.27" class="citation web"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oed.com/">«Oxford English <span class="nowrap">Dictionary»<span style="padding-left:0.15em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Betalt abonnement kreves"><img alt="Betalt abonnement kreves" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Lock-red-alt.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Lock-red-alt.svg/14px-Lock-red-alt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Lock-red-alt.svg/18px-Lock-red-alt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span></span></a></span> (på engelsk). 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 22. mai 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRincon,_.27.27Planets_plan_boosts_tally_12.27.27" class="citation web">Rincon, Paul (16. august 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6Dy3t92g9?url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/4795755.stm">«Planets plan boosts tally 12»</a> (på engelsk). BBC. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4795755.stm">originalen</a> 26. januar 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 9. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Rincon%2C+Paul&amp;rft.btitle=Planets+plan+boosts+tally+12&amp;rft.date=2006-08-16&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=BBC&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fsci%2Ftech%2F4795755.stm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRincon,_.27.27Pluto_vote_.27hijacked.27_in_revolt.27.27" class="citation web">Rincon, Paul (25. august 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6Dy44izX5?url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/5283956.stm">«Pluto vote 'hijacked' in revolt»</a> (på engelsk). BBC News. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/5283956.stm">originalen</a> 26. januar 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 9. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Rincon%2C+Paul&amp;rft.btitle=Pluto+vote+%27hijacked%27+in+revolt&amp;rft.date=2006-08-25&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=BBC+News&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fscience%2Fnature%2F5283956.stm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRoss2005" class="citation web">Ross, Kelley L. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/68uV2C4Sz?url=http://www.friesian.com/week.htm">«The Days of the Week»</a> (på engelsk). The Friesian School. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.friesian.com/week.htm">originalen</a> 4. juli 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 12. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Ross%2C+Kelley+L.&amp;rft.btitle=The+Days+of+the+Week&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=The+Friesian+School&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.friesian.com%2Fweek.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSantosBouchyVauclairQueloz2004" class="citation web">Santos, Nuno; Bouchy, François; Vauclair, Sylvie; Queloz, Didier; Mayor, Michel (25. august 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6Dy4DC6ZW?url=http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0427/">«Fourteen Times the Earth»</a> (på engelsk). European Southern Observatory. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0427/">originalen</a> 26. januar 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 28. mai 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Santos%2C+Nuno%3B+Bouchy%2C+Fran%C3%A7ois%3B+Vauclair%2C+Sylvie%3B+Queloz%2C+Didier%3B+Mayor%2C+Michel&amp;rft.btitle=Fourteen+Times+the+Earth&amp;rft.date=2004-08-25&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=European+Southern+Observatory&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eso.org%2Fpublic%2Fnews%2Feso0427%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Flere_navn:_forfatterliste" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSchneider2011" class="citation web">Schneider, Jean (10. september 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/65IpZZPDT?url=http://exoplanet.eu/catalog.php">«Interactive Extra-solar Planets Catalog»</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Extrasolar_Planets_Encyclopaedia" title="Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia">Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia</a></i> (på engelsk). Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://exoplanet.eu/catalog.php">originalen</a> 8. februar 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 12. februar 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Interactive+Extra-solar+Planets+Catalog&amp;rft.au=Schneider%2C+Jean&amp;rft.date=2011-09-10&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Extrasolar+Planets+Encyclopaedia&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fexoplanet.eu%2Fcatalog.php&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREF.27.27Science_News.27.27" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/68uUsDuqv?url=http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080602131105.htm">«Small Planet Discovered Orbiting Small Star»</a>. <i>ScienceDaily</i> (på engelsk). 2008. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080602131105.htm">originalen</a> 4. juli 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 23. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Small+Planet+Discovered+Orbiting+Small+Star&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=ScienceDaily&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedaily.com%2Freleases%2F2008%2F06%2F080602131105.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSheppard,_.27.27The_Jupiter_Satellite_Page.27.27" class="citation web"><a href="/wiki/Scott_S._Sheppard" title="Scott S. Sheppard">Sheppard, Scott S.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120716180625/http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/">«The Jupiter Satellite Page (Now Also The Giant Planet Satellite and Moon Page)»</a> (på engelsk). Carnegie Institution for Science. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/">originalen</a> 16. juli 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 28. mai 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Sheppard%2C+Scott+S.&amp;rft.btitle=The+Jupiter+Satellite+Page+%28Now+Also+The+Giant+Planet+Satellite+and+Moon+Page%29&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Carnegie+Institution+for+Science&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dtm.ciw.edu%2Fusers%2Fsheppard%2Fsatellites%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSpaceweather,_.27.27The_Planet_Hygea.27.27" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/68uV9HmX4?url=http://spaceweather.com/swpod2006/13sep06/Pollock1.jpg">«The Planet Hygea»</a>. <i>spaceweather.com</i> (på engelsk). 1849. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spaceweather.com/swpod2006/13sep06/Pollock1.jpg">originalen</a> 4. juli 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 28. mai 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=The+Planet+Hygea&amp;rft.date=1849&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=spaceweather.com&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspaceweather.com%2Fswpod2006%2F13sep06%2FPollock1.jpg&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFStern2004" class="citation web">Stern, S. Alan (22. mars 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6Dy4yJLnq?url=http://www.spacedaily.com/news/outerplanets-04b.html">«Gravity Rules: The Nature and Meaning of Planethood»</a> (på engelsk). SpaceDaily. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spacedaily.com/news/outerplanets-04b.html">originalen</a> 26. januar 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 9. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Stern%2C+S.+Alan&amp;rft.btitle=Gravity+Rules%3A+The+Nature+and+Meaning+of+Planethood&amp;rft.date=2004-03-22&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=SpaceDaily&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spacedaily.com%2Fnews%2Fouterplanets-04b.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFStrobel" class="citation web">Strobel, Nick. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/68uUx7E2Z?url=http://www.astronomynotes.com/tables/tablesb.htm">«Planet tables»</a> (på engelsk). astronomynotes. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astronomynotes.com/tables/tablesb.htm">originalen</a> 4. juli 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 30. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Strobel%2C+Nick&amp;rft.btitle=Planet+tables&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=astronomynotes.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.astronomynotes.com%2Ftables%2Ftablesb.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTabathaCalvin2007" class="citation web">Tabatha, Thompson; Calvin, Whitney (21. februar 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071015221757/http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/Media/releases/ssc2007-04/release.shtml">«NASA's Spitzer First To Crack Open Light of Faraway Worlds»</a> (på engelsk). Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/news/251-ssc2007-04-NASA-s-Spitzer-First-To-Crack-Open-Light-of-Faraway-Worlds">originalen</a> 15. oktober 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 24. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Tabatha%2C+Thompson%3B+Calvin%2C+Whitney&amp;rft.btitle=NASA%27s+Spitzer+First+To+Crack+Open+Light+of+Faraway+Worlds&amp;rft.date=2007-02-21&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Jet+Propulsion+Laboratory%2C+California+Institute+of+Technology&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spitzer.caltech.edu%2Fnews%2F251-ssc2007-04-NASA-s-Spitzer-First-To-Crack-Open-Light-of-Faraway-Worlds&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Flere_navn:_forfatterliste" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREF.27.27The_Astrophysics_Spectator.27.27" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/68uUuNoWi?url=http://www.astrophysicsspectator.com/topics/planets/KuiperBelt.html">«Planets – Kuiper Belt Objects»</a>. <i>The Astrophysics Spectator</i> (på engelsk). 15. desember 2004. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astrophysicsspectator.com/topics/planets/KuiperBelt.html">originalen</a> 4. juli 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 30. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Planets+%E2%80%93+Kuiper+Belt+Objects&amp;rft.date=2004-12-15&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysics+Spectator&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.astrophysicsspectator.com%2Ftopics%2Fplanets%2FKuiperBelt.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFUniversity_of_Oregon" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/68uV0h6mg?url=http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/ast121/lectures/lec16.html">«Planetary Interiors»</a>. <i>Department of Physics, University of Oregon</i> (på engelsk). Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/ast121/lectures/lec16.html">originalen</a> 4. juli 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 1. juli 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.atitle=Planetary+Interiors&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Department+of+Physics%2C+University+of+Oregon&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fabyss.uoregon.edu%2F~js%2Fast121%2Flectures%2Flec16.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFVan_Helden1995" class="citation web">Van Helden, Al (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/68uV3CIg1?url=http://galileo.rice.edu/sci/theories/copernican_system.html">«Copernican System»</a> (på engelsk). The Galileo Project. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://galileo.rice.edu/sci/theories/copernican_system.html">originalen</a> 4. juli 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 27. mai 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Van+Helden%2C+Al&amp;rft.btitle=Copernican+System&amp;rft.date=1995&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=The+Galileo+Project&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgalileo.rice.edu%2Fsci%2Ftheories%2Fcopernican_system.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFVilard2010" class="citation web">Vilard, Ray (17. mai 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6Dy4V1DNZ?url=http://news.discovery.com/space/should-large-moons-be-called-satellite-planets.htm#post-a-comment">«Should Large Moons Be Called 'Satellite Planets'?»</a> (på engelsk). News.discovery.com. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.discovery.com/space/should-large-moons-be-called-satellite-planets.html#post-a-comment">originalen</a> 26. januar 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 28. juni 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Vilard%2C+Ray&amp;rft.btitle=Should+Large+Moons+Be+Called+%27Satellite+Planets%27%3F&amp;rft.date=2010-05-17&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=News.discovery.com&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.discovery.com%2Fspace%2Fshould-large-moons-be-called-satellite-planets.html%23post-a-comment&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWeaverVillard2007" class="citation web">Weaver, Donna; Villard, Ray (31. januar 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/68uV076Ga?url=http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2007/07/full/">«Hubble Probes Layer-cake Structure of Alien World's Atmosphere»</a> (på engelsk). Space Telescope Science Institute. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2007/07/full/">originalen</a> 4. juli 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 1. juli 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.au=Weaver%2C+Donna%3B+Villard%2C+Ray&amp;rft.btitle=Hubble+Probes+Layer-cake+Structure+of+Alien+World%27s+Atmosphere&amp;rft.date=2007-01-31&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Space+Telescope+Science+Institute&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhubblesite.org%2Fnewscenter%2Farchive%2Freleases%2F2007%2F07%2Ffull%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold:_Flere_navn:_forfatterliste" title="Kategori:CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_lenker">Eksterne lenker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=41" title="Rediger avsnitt: Eksterne lenker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=41" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eksterne lenker"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Planets" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Planets">Planets</a> – kategori av bilder, video eller lyd på <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Commons</a> <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p373"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634?uselang=nb#P373" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li></ul> <div class="noprint portal tright" style="border:solid #aaa 1px;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em"> <table style="background:#f9f9f9;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;max-width:175px"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="text-align:center"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Crab_Nebula.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Portalikon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/28px-Crab_Nebula.jpg" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/42px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/56px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3864" data-file-height="3864" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0 0.2em;vertical-align:middle;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomi" title="Portal:Astronomi">Portal:Astronomi </a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div id="catlinks"><p id="portlinks" class="catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portaler" title="Wikipedia:Portaler">Portal</a>: <a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomi" title="Portal:Astronomi">Astronomi</a></p></div> <ul><li><span class="bjeller" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); cursor:help;" title="Engelsk">(engelsk)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iau.org/">Den internasjonale astronomiske unions nettsted</a></li> <li><span class="bjeller" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); cursor:help;" title="Engelsk">(engelsk)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/">Photojournal NASA</a></li> <li><span class="bjeller" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); cursor:help;" title="Engelsk">(engelsk)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://planetquest.jpl.nasa.gov/">NASA Planet Quest – Exoplanet Exploration</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110225110149/http://planetquest.jpl.nasa.gov/">Arkivert</a> 25. februar 2011 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><span class="bjeller" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); cursor:help;" title="Engelsk">(engelsk)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.co-intelligence.org/newsletter/comparisons.html">Illustration comparing the sizes of the planets with each other, the Sun, and other stars</a></li> <li><span class="bjeller" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); cursor:help;" title="Engelsk">(engelsk)</span> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071214043704/http://www.iau.org/STATUS_OF_PLUTO.238.0.html">«IAU Press Releases since 1999 "The status of Pluto: A Clarification<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">"</span>»</a>. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iau.org/STATUS_OF_PLUTO.238.0.html">originalen</a> 14. desember 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APlanet&amp;rft.btitle=IAU+Press+Releases+since+1999+%22The+status+of+Pluto%3A+A+Clarification%22&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iau.org%2FSTATUS_OF_PLUTO.238.0.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071214043704/http://www.iau.org/STATUS_OF_PLUTO.238.0.html">Arkivert</a> 14. desember 2007 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><span class="bjeller" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); cursor:help;" title="Engelsk">(engelsk)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boulder.swri.edu/~hal/planet_def.html">"Regarding the criteria for planethood and proposed planetary classification schemes."</a> artikkel av Stern og Levinson</li> <li><span class="bjeller" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); cursor:help;" title="Engelsk">(engelsk)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.psrd.hawaii.edu/"><i>Planetary Science Research Discoveries</i></a> (utdanningsside med illustrerte artikler)</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23230704">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output 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noresize" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Solar_System_Template_Final.png" decoding="async" width="666" height="36" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="666" data-file-height="36" usemap="#ImageMap_b5cca391a8d4be83" /></span><map name="ImageMap_b5cca391a8d4be83"><area href="/wiki/Solen" shape="rect" coords="0,0,90,35" alt="Solen" title="Solen" /><area href="/wiki/Merkur" shape="circle" coords="112,18,6" /><area href="/wiki/Venus" shape="circle" coords="153,18,8" alt="Venus" title="Venus" /><area href="/wiki/M%C3%A5nen" shape="circle" coords="203,8,4" alt="Månen" title="Månen" /><area href="/wiki/Jorden" shape="circle" coords="194,18,8" alt="Jorden" title="Jorden" /><area href="/wiki/Mars_(planet)" shape="circle" coords="233,18,8" /><area href="/wiki/Mars%E2%80%99_m%C3%A5ner" shape="circle" coords="239,13,3" alt="Phobos og Deimos" title="Phobos og Deimos" /><area href="/wiki/Ceres_(dvergplanet)" shape="circle" coords="271,18,8" /><area href="/wiki/Asteroidebeltet" shape="rect" coords="256,0,288,35" alt="Asteroidebeltet" title="Asteroidebeltet" /><area href="/wiki/Jupiter" shape="circle" coords="317,18,15" alt="Jupiter" title="Jupiter" /><area href="/wiki/Jupiters_m%C3%A5ner" shape="circle" coords="329,5,6" alt="Jupiters måner" title="Jupiters måner" /><area href="/wiki/Saturn" shape="circle" coords="372,18,12" alt="Saturn" title="Saturn" /><area href="/wiki/Saturns_m%C3%A5ner" shape="circle" coords="381,7,6" alt="Saturns måner" title="Saturns måner" /><area href="/wiki/Saturns_ringer" shape="rect" coords="353,5,389,31" alt="Saturns ringer" title="Saturns ringer" /><area href="/wiki/Uranus" shape="circle" coords="418,18,12" alt="Uranus" title="Uranus" /><area href="/wiki/Uranus%E2%80%99_m%C3%A5ner" shape="circle" coords="427,10,6" alt="Uranus’ måner" title="Uranus’ måner" /><area href="/wiki/Neptun_(planet)" shape="circle" coords="462,18,12" /><area href="/wiki/Neptuns_m%C3%A5ner" shape="circle" coords="471,10,3" alt="Neptuns måner" title="Neptuns måner" /><area href="/wiki/Pluto" shape="circle" coords="504,18,8" alt="Pluto" title="Pluto" /><area href="/wiki/Haumea" shape="circle" coords="534,18,8" alt="Haumea" title="Haumea" /><area href="/wiki/Makemake" shape="circle" coords="567,18,8" alt="Makemake" title="Makemake" /><area href="/wiki/Kuiperbeltet" shape="rect" coords="490,0,580,35" alt="Kuiperbeltet" title="Kuiperbeltet" /><area href="/wiki/Eris_(dvergplanet)" shape="circle" coords="596,18,8" /><area href="/wiki/Dysnomia_(m%C3%A5ne)" shape="circle" coords="602,13,3" /><area href="/wiki/Den_spredte_skiven" shape="rect" coords="581,0,610,35" alt="Den spredte skiven" title="Den spredte skiven" /><area href="/wiki/Oorts_sky" shape="rect" coords="641,0,666,35" alt="Oorts sky" title="Oorts sky" /></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solsystemets_opprinnelse_og_utvikling" title="Solsystemets opprinnelse og utvikling">Opprinnelsen og utviklingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solsystemets_oppdagelse_og_utforskning" title="Solsystemets oppdagelse og utforskning">Oppdagelsen og utforskningen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liste_over_sf%C3%A6riske_objekter_i_solsystemet" title="Liste over sfæriske objekter i solsystemet">Sfæriske objekter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Solen" title="Solen">Solens</a> planeter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur">Merkur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorden" title="Jorden">Jorden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_(planet)" title="Mars (planet)">Mars</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dvergplanet)" title="Ceres (dvergplanet)">Ceres</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptun_(planet)" title="Neptun (planet)">Neptun</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Haumea" title="Haumea">Haumea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Makemake" title="Makemake">Makemake</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eris_(dvergplanet)" title="Eris (dvergplanet)">Eris</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/90482_Orcus" title="90482 Orcus">Orcus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/28978_Ixion" title="28978 Ixion">Ixion</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/(307261)_2002_MS4" title="(307261) 2002 MS4">2002 MS<sub>4</sub></a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/120347_Salacia" title="120347 Salacia">Salacia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/20000_Varuna" title="20000 Varuna">Varuna</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/(202421)_2005_UQ513" title="(202421) 2005 UQ513">2005 UQ<sub>513</sub></a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/50000_Quaoar" title="50000 Quaoar">Quaoar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/(84522)_2002_TC302" title="(84522) 2002 TC302">2002 TC<sub>302</sub></a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/225088_Gonggong" title="225088 Gonggong">Gonggong</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/229762_G%C7%83k%C3%BAn%C7%81%CA%BCh%C3%B2md%C3%ADm%C3%A0" title="229762 Gǃkúnǁʼhòmdímà">Gǃkúnǁʼhòmdímà</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/(303775)_2005_QU182" title="(303775) 2005 QU182">2005 QU<sub>182</sub></a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/90377_Sedna" title="90377 Sedna">Sedna</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/19521_Chaos" title="19521 Chaos">Chaos</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Naturlig_satellitt" title="Naturlig satellitt">Måner</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A5nen" title="Månen">Månen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars%E2%80%99_m%C3%A5ner" title="Mars’ måner">Mars’ måner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupiters_m%C3%A5ner" title="Jupiters måner">Jupiters måner</a> (<a href="/wiki/Galileiske_m%C3%A5ner" title="Galileiske måner">Galileiske måner</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturns_m%C3%A5ner" title="Saturns måner">Saturns måner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus%E2%80%99_m%C3%A5ner" title="Uranus’ måner">Uranus’ måner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptuns_m%C3%A5ner" title="Neptuns måner">Neptuns måner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plutos_m%C3%A5ner" title="Plutos måner">Plutos måner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haumeas_m%C3%A5ner" title="Haumeas måner">Haumeas måner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dysnomia_(m%C3%A5ne)" title="Dysnomia (måne)">Eris' måne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Planetarisk_ring" title="Planetarisk ring">Ringer</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jupiters_ringer" title="Jupiters ringer">Jupiters ringer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturns_ringer" title="Saturns ringer">Saturns ringer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus%E2%80%99_ringer" title="Uranus’ ringer">Uranus’ ringer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptuns_ringer" title="Neptuns ringer">Neptuns ringer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rheas_ringer" title="Rheas ringer">Rheas ringer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chariklos_ringer&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Chariklos ringer (ikke skrevet ennå)">Chariklos ringer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Atmosf%C3%A6re" title="Atmosfære">Atmosfærer</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Merkurs_atmosf%C3%A6re" title="Merkurs atmosfære">Merkurs atmosfære</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus%E2%80%99_atmosf%C3%A6re" title="Venus’ atmosfære">Venus’ atmosfære</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordens_atmosf%C3%A6re" title="Jordens atmosfære">Jordens atmosfære</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A5nens_atmosf%C3%A6re" title="Månens atmosfære">Månens atmosfære</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars%E2%80%99_atmosf%C3%A6re" title="Mars’ atmosfære">Mars’ atmosfære</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupiters_atmosf%C3%A6re" title="Jupiters atmosfære">Jupiters atmosfære</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus%E2%80%99_atmosf%C3%A6re" title="Uranus’ atmosfære">Uranus’ atmosfære</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Magnetosf%C3%A6re" title="Magnetosfære">Magnetosfærer</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jupiters_magnetosf%C3%A6re" title="Jupiters magnetosfære">Jupiters magnetosfære</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturns_magnetosf%C3%A6re" title="Saturns magnetosfære">Saturns magnetosfære</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%A5legemer_i_solsystemet" title="Smålegemer i solsystemet">Smålegemer</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meteoroide" title="Meteoroide">Meteoroider</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Meteoritt" title="Meteoritt">Meteoritter</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%A5planet" title="Småplanet">Småplaneter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asteroide" title="Asteroide">Asteroider</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Asteroidebeltet" title="Asteroidebeltet">Asteroidebeltet</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentaurer" title="Kentaurer">Kentaurer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transneptunsk_objekt" title="Transneptunsk objekt">Transneptunske objekter</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kuiperbeltet" title="Kuiperbeltet">Kuiperbeltet</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Den_spredte_skiven" title="Den spredte skiven">Den spredte skiven</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komet" title="Komet">Kometer</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Oorts_sky" title="Oorts sky">Oorts sky</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Relaterte artikler: <a href="/wiki/Planetsystem" title="Planetsystem">planetsystem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himmellegeme" title="Himmellegeme">astronomisk objekt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stjerne" title="Stjerne">stjerne</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">planet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvergplanet" title="Dvergplanet">dvergplanet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetsystem" title="Planetsystem">planetsystem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23230704"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24561737"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Astronomi" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23230704"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24561741"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-vis"><a href="/wiki/Mal:Astronomi" title="Mal:Astronomi"><abbr title="Vis denne malen">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskuter"><a href="/wiki/Maldiskusjon:Astronomi" title="Maldiskusjon:Astronomi"><abbr title="Diskuter denne malen">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-rediger"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Rediger_side/Mal:Astronomi" title="Spesial:Rediger side/Mal:Astronomi"><abbr title="Rediger denne malen">r</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Astronomi" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi">Astronomi</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observasjonell astronomi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atmosf%C3%A6re" title="Atmosfære">Himmel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himmelhvelving" title="Himmelhvelving">Stjernehimmelen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stjernebilde" title="Stjernebilde">Stjernebilder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrometri" title="Astrometri">Astrometri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himmellegeme" title="Himmellegeme">Himmellegeme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunstig_satellitt" title="Kunstig satellitt">Satellitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bane" title="Bane">Omløpsbane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himmelmekanikk" title="Himmelmekanikk">Himmelmekanikk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmisk_str%C3%A5ling" title="Kosmisk stråling">Kosmisk stråling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%B8ytrinoastronomi" title="Nøytrinoastronomi">Nøytrinoastronomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radioastronomi" title="Radioastronomi">Radioastronomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Observatorium" title="Observatorium">Observatorium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teleskop" title="Teleskop">Teleskop</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:NGC_6302HST.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/NGC_6302HST.jpg/200px-NGC_6302HST.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/NGC_6302HST.jpg/300px-NGC_6302HST.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/NGC_6302HST.jpg/400px-NGC_6302HST.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="1476" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Planetær astronomi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Planetsystem" title="Planetsystem">Planetsystem</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Planet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%A5planet" title="Småplanet">Småplanet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvergplanet" title="Dvergplanet">Dvergplanet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroide" title="Asteroide">Asteroide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komet" title="Komet">Komet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteoroide" title="Meteoroide">Meteoroide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteor" title="Meteor">Meteor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteoritt" title="Meteoritt">Meteoritt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naturlig_satellitt" title="Naturlig satellitt">Måne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atmosf%C3%A6re" title="Atmosfære">Atmosfære</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eksoplanet" title="Eksoplanet">Eksoplanet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Solsystemet" title="Solsystemet">Solsystemet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solen" title="Solen">Solen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solvind" title="Solvind">Solvind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur">Merkur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorden" title="Jorden">Jorden</a> (<a href="/wiki/M%C3%A5nen" title="Månen">Månen</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroidebeltet" title="Asteroidebeltet">Asteroidebeltet</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dvergplanet)" title="Ceres (dvergplanet)">Ceres</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_(planet)" title="Mars (planet)">Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptun_(planet)" title="Neptun (planet)">Neptun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuiperbeltet" title="Kuiperbeltet">Kuiperbeltet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(dvergplanet)" title="Eris (dvergplanet)">Eris</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oorts_sky" title="Oorts sky">Oorts sky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Stjerne" title="Stjerne">Stjerner</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astrofysikk" title="Astrofysikk">Astrofysikk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hovedserien_(Astronomi)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hovedserien (Astronomi)">Hovedserien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobbeltstjerne" title="Dobbeltstjerne">Dobbeltstjerne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brun_dverg" title="Brun dverg">Brun dverg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protostjerne" title="Protostjerne">Protostjerne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%B8d_dverg" title="Rød dverg">Rød dverg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%B8d_kjempe" title="Rød kjempe">Rød kjempe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hvit_dverg" title="Hvit dverg">Hvit dverg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova_(stjerne)" title="Nova (stjerne)">Nova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">Supernova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypernova" title="Hypernova">Hypernova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulsar" title="Pulsar">Pulsar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%B8ytronstjerne" title="Nøytronstjerne">Nøytronstjerne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kvarkstjerne" title="Kvarkstjerne">Kvarkstjerne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sort_hull" title="Sort hull">Sort hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrasekhars_grense" title="Chandrasekhars grense">Chandrasekhars grense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gammaglimt" title="Gammaglimt">Gammaglimt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Galakse" title="Galakse">Galakser</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galakse" title="Galakse">Galakse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spiralgalakse" title="Spiralgalakse">Spiralgalakse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stavspiralgalakse" title="Stavspiralgalakse">Stavspiralgalakse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stavspiralgalakse" title="Stavspiralgalakse">Stavgalakse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliptisk_galakse" title="Elliptisk galakse">Elliptisk galakse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irregul%C3%A6r_galakse" title="Irregulær galakse">Irregulær galakse</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melkeveien" title="Melkeveien">Melkeveien</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orion-armen" title="Orion-armen">Orion-armen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magellanske_skyer" title="Magellanske skyer">Magellanske skyer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Den_lokale_gruppen" title="Den lokale gruppen">Den lokale gruppen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_materie" title="Interstellar materie">Interstellar materie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaksehop" title="Galaksehop">Galaksehop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superhop" title="Superhop">Superhop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aktiv_galaksekjerne" title="Aktiv galaksekjerne">Aktiv galaksekjerne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seyfert-galakse" title="Seyfert-galakse">Seyfert-galakse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starburstgalakse" title="Starburstgalakse">Starburstgalakse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kvasar" title="Kvasar">Kvasar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kosmologi" title="Kosmologi">Kosmologi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Universet" title="Universet">Universet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olbers_paradoks" class="mw-redirect" title="Olbers paradoks">Olbers paradoks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmisk_avstandsstige" title="Kosmisk avstandsstige">Kosmisk avstandsstige</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ormehull" title="Ormehull">Ormehull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Bang" title="Big Bang">Big Bang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Crunch" title="Big Crunch">Big Crunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Rip" title="Big Rip">Big Rip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Den_generelle_relativitetsteorien" title="Den generelle relativitetsteorien">Den generelle relativitetsteorien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Den_spesielle_relativitetsteorien" title="Den spesielle relativitetsteorien">Den spesielle relativitetsteorien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romtid" class="mw-redirect" title="Romtid">Romtid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B8rk_materie" title="Mørk materie">Mørk materie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B8rk_energi" title="Mørk energi">Mørk energi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Romfart" title="Romfart">Romfart</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romskip" title="Romskip">Romfartøy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakett" title="Rakett">Romrakett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romferge" title="Romferge">Romferge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romsonde" title="Romsonde">Romsonde</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sputnik_1" title="Sputnik 1">Sputnik 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voyagerprogrammet" title="Voyagerprogrammet">Voyagerprogrammet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venera-programmet" title="Venera-programmet">Venera-programmet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romstasjon" title="Romstasjon">Romstasjon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Den_internasjonale_romstasjonen" title="Den internasjonale romstasjonen">ISS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir" title="Mir">Mir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romfarer" title="Romfarer">Romfarer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Armstrong" title="Neil Armstrong">Neil Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jurij_Gagarin" title="Jurij Gagarin">Jurij Gagarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentina_Teresjkova" title="Valentina Teresjkova">Valentina Teresjkova</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kjente astronomer</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Kopernikus" title="Nikolaus Kopernikus">Nikolaus Kopernikus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tycho_Brahe" title="Tycho Brahe">Tycho Brahe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo Galilei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kepler" title="Johannes Kepler">Johannes Kepler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Sir Isaac Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christiaan_Huygens" title="Christiaan Huygens">Christiaan Huygens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Cassini" title="Giovanni Cassini">Giovanni Cassini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmond_Halley" title="Edmond Halley">Edmond Halley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Herschel" title="William Herschel">William Herschel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrietta_Swan_Leavitt" title="Henrietta Swan Leavitt">Henrietta Swan Leavitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Hubble" title="Edwin Hubble">Edwin Hubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Sagan" title="Carl Sagan">Carl Sagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayant_Narlikar" title="Jayant Narlikar">Jayant Narlikar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hawking" title="Stephen Hawking">Stephen Hawking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liste_over_astronomer" class="mw-redirect" title="Liste over astronomer">Liste over astronomer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Annet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nærliggende vitenskaper</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astrobiologi" title="Astrobiologi">Astrobiologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkeoastronomi" title="Arkeoastronomi">Arkeoastronomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrokjemi" title="Astrokjemi">Astrokjemi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geovitenskap" title="Geovitenskap">Geovitenskap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Populærvitenskap</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Det_internasjonale_astronomi%C3%A5ret_2009" title="Det internasjonale astronomiåret 2009">Det internasjonale astronomiåret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetarium" title="Planetarium">Planetarium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kategori"><img alt="Kategori" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/16px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/24px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/32px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="31" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Astronomi" title="Kategori:Astronomi">Kategori:Astronomi</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Portal"><img alt="Portal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/16px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/24px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/32px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="28" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomi" title="Portal:Astronomi">Portal:Astronomi</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons-side"><img alt="Commons-side" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/16px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/32px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Astronomy" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Astronomy">Category:Astronomy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23230704"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24561737"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Universet" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23230704"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24561741"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-vis"><a href="/wiki/Mal:Universet" title="Mal:Universet"><abbr title="Vis denne malen">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskuter"><a href="/wiki/Maldiskusjon:Universet" title="Maldiskusjon:Universet"><abbr title="Diskuter denne malen">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-rediger"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Rediger_side/Mal:Universet" title="Spesial:Rediger side/Mal:Universet"><abbr title="Rediger denne malen">r</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Universet" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Universet" title="Universet">Universet</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Universet består av <a href="/wiki/Element%C3%A6rpartikkel" title="Elementærpartikkel">elementærpartikler</a> og <a href="/wiki/Vakuum" title="Vakuum">vakuum</a>. Partiklene er fordelt ujevnt og partiklene og partikkelklynger benevnes forskjellig avhengig av <a href="/wiki/Tetthet" title="Tetthet">tetthet</a> og <a href="/wiki/Mengde" title="Mengde">mengde</a>; klyngene spenner fra <a href="/wiki/Subatom%C3%A6r_partikkel" title="Subatomær partikkel">subatomære partikler</a> til <a href="/wiki/Sort_hull" title="Sort hull">sorte hull</a>. <a href="/wiki/Det_observerbare_universet" title="Det observerbare universet">Det observerbare universet</a> er den delen av universet <a href="/wiki/Lys" title="Lys">lys</a> kan ha nådd oss fra siden universet ble skapt. Muligens inneholder universet kun 4&#160;% <a href="/wiki/Lysende_materie" title="Lysende materie">lysende materie</a>, mens 22&#160;% er <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B8rk_materie" title="Mørk materie">mørk materie</a> og 74&#160;% <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B8rk_energi" title="Mørk energi">mørk energi</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">En <a href="/wiki/Mengde" title="Mengde">mengde</a> av partikkelklynger i <a href="/wiki/Vakuum" title="Vakuum">vakuum</a> er</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gass" title="Gass">Gass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atmosf%C3%A6re" title="Atmosfære">Atmosfære</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solvind" title="Solvind">Solvind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stjernevind" title="Stjernevind">Stjernevind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmisk_str%C3%A5ling" title="Kosmisk stråling">Kosmisk stråling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroidebeltet" title="Asteroidebeltet">Asteroidebeltet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stjernehop" title="Stjernehop">Stjernehop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stjernet%C3%A5ke" title="Stjernetåke">Stjernetåke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solsystemet" title="Solsystemet">Solsystemet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetsystem" title="Planetsystem">Planetsystem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaksehop" title="Galaksehop">Galaksehop</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:00Galaxy_NGC1300.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/00Galaxy_NGC1300.jpg/200px-00Galaxy_NGC1300.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/00Galaxy_NGC1300.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="271" data-file-height="271" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Galakse" title="Galakse">Galakserelaterte</a> artikler</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aktiv_galaksekjerne" title="Aktiv galaksekjerne">Aktiv galaksekjerne</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seyfert-galakse" title="Seyfert-galakse">Seyfert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kvasar" title="Kvasar">Kvasar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blazar" title="Blazar">Blazar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melkeveien" title="Melkeveien">Melkeveien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messierkatalogen" title="Messierkatalogen">Messierobjekt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stjernerelaterte artikler inkl. <a href="/wiki/Spektralklasse" title="Spektralklasse">spektralklasser</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi">Astronomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brun_dverg" title="Brun dverg">Brun dverg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hvit_dverg" title="Hvit dverg">Hvit dverg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stjerne" title="Stjerne">Stjerne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kjempestjerne" title="Kjempestjerne">Kjempestjerne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%B8d_kjempe" title="Rød kjempe">Rød kjempe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%B8ytronstjerne" title="Nøytronstjerne">Nøytronstjerne</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pulsar" title="Pulsar">pulsar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rrat" title="Rrat">rrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetar" title="Magnetar">magnetar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q-stjerne" title="Q-stjerne">Q-stjerne</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preonstjerne" title="Preonstjerne">preonstjerne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kvarkstjerne" title="Kvarkstjerne">Kvarkstjerne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sort_hull" title="Sort hull">Sort hull</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stjernebegivenheter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">Supernova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypernova" title="Hypernova">Hypernova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetarisk_t%C3%A5ke" title="Planetarisk tåke">Planetarisk tåke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mindre himmellegemer</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gasskjempe" title="Gasskjempe">Gasskjempe</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Planet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naturlig_satellitt" title="Naturlig satellitt">Måne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komet" title="Komet">Komet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteoritt" title="Meteoritt">Meteoritt</a> (<a href="/wiki/Meteor" title="Meteor">meteor</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvergplanet" title="Dvergplanet">Dvergplanet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asteroide" title="Asteroide">asteroide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%A5planet" title="Småplanet">småplanet</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Romfart" title="Romfart">Romfart</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romelevator" title="Romelevator">Romelevator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romskip" title="Romskip">Romfartøy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romferge" title="Romferge">romferge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romskip" title="Romskip">romskip</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romsonde" title="Romsonde">Romsonde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romstasjon" title="Romstasjon">Romstasjon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romfarer" title="Romfarer">Romfarer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Andre emner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Himmelhvelving" title="Himmelhvelving">Himmelhvelving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himmellegeme" title="Himmellegeme">Himmellegeme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naturlig_satellitt" title="Naturlig satellitt">Satellitt (drabant)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bane" title="Bane">Omløpsbane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmologi" title="Kosmologi">Kosmologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Bang" title="Big Bang">Big Bang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Crunch" title="Big Crunch">Big Crunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Rip" title="Big Rip">Big Rip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ormehull" title="Ormehull">Ormehull</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Portal"><img alt="Portal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/16px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/24px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/32px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="28" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomi" title="Portal:Astronomi">Portal:Astronomi</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons-side"><img alt="Commons-side" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/16px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/32px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Universe" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Universe">Category:Universe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div id="catlinks"><p id="portlinks" class="catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portaler" title="Wikipedia:Portaler">Portal</a>: <a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomi" title="Portal:Astronomi">Astronomi</a></p></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23230704"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24561737"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Oppslagsverk/autoritetsdata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Oppslagsverk/autoritetsdata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hjelp:Autoritetsdata" title="Hjelp:Autoritetsdata">Oppslagsverk/autoritetsdata</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snl.no/planeter">Store norske leksikon</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://denstoredanske.lex.dk/planet">Store Danske Encyklopædi</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/planet">Encyclopædia Britannica</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brockhaus.de/ecs/enzy/article/planeten">Brockhaus Enzyklopädie</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/planetes/">Encyclopædia Universalis</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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