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contractor automatic pharmacy</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: small-size contractor automatic pharmacy"> <meta name="keywords" content="small-size contractor automatic pharmacy"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science 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<form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="small-size contractor automatic pharmacy"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1087</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: small-size contractor automatic pharmacy</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1087</span> Contractor Selection by Using Analytical Network Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badr%20A.%20Al-Jehani">Badr A. Al-Jehani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, contractor selection is a critical activity of the project owner. Selecting the right contractor is essential to the project manager for the success of the project, and this cab happens by using the proper selecting method. Traditionally, the contractor is being selected based on his offered bid price. This approach focuses only on the price factor and forgetting other essential factors for the success of the project. In this research paper, the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method is used as a decision tool model to select the most appropriate contractor. This decision-making method can help the clients who work in the construction industry to identify contractors who are capable of delivering satisfactory outcomes. Moreover, this research paper provides a case study of selecting the proper contractor among three contractors by using ANP method. The case study identifies and computes the relative weight of the eight criteria and eleven sub-criteria using a questionnaire. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contractor%20selection" title="contractor selection">contractor selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project%20management" title=" project management"> project management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision-making" title=" decision-making"> decision-making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bidding" title=" bidding"> bidding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156178/contractor-selection-by-using-analytical-network-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156178.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1086</span> Pharmacy Practice Research's Future</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ragy%20Raafat%20Gaber%20Attaalla">Ragy Raafat Gaber Attaalla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The research begins with a summary of the state of pharmacy practice research, both now and in the future. The concerns that are relevant to practice research are then covered in this research to set the stage. These concerns include shifts in the demography of the population, technological advancements, the institutional function of pharmacies, consumer behavior, and the pharmacy profession itself. It also describes the significant changes in pharmacy practice research, such as interprofessional collaboration and patient teaming, the description and measurement of intervention results, and the cultural diversity of patients. Methods: It would be most frequently employed in the next pharmacy practice research are highlighted in the conclusion. They cover the cultural diversity of patients, documenting and assessing the results of interventions, and interdisciplinary communication and partnership with patients. Results: The rise of large and complicated data sets, the handling of electronic health records, and the use of a wide range of mixed techniques by pharmacy practice researchers are a few potential future methodological obstacles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacy" title="pharmacy">pharmacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practice" title=" practice"> practice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=research" title=" research"> research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=significant%20changes" title=" significant changes"> significant changes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195399/pharmacy-practice-researchs-future" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195399.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">0</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1085</span> Pharmacy-Station Mobile Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taissir%20Fekih%20Romdhane">Taissir Fekih Romdhane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes a mobile web application named Pharmacy-Station that sells medicines and permits user to search for medications based on their symptoms, making it is easy to locate a specific drug online without the need to visit a pharmacy where it may be out of stock. This application is developed using the jQuery Mobile framework, which uses many web technologies and languages such as HTML5, PHP, JavaScript and CSS3. To test the proposed application, we used data from popular pharmacies in Saudi Arabia that included important information such as location, contact, and medicines in stock, etc. This document describes the different steps followed to create the Pharmacy-Station application along with screenshots. Finally, based on the results, the paper concludes with recommendations and further works planned to improve the Pharmacy-Station mobile application. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacy" title="pharmacy">pharmacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20application" title=" mobile application"> mobile application</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jquery%20mobile%20framework" title=" jquery mobile framework"> jquery mobile framework</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=search" title=" search"> search</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medicine" title=" medicine"> medicine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148063/pharmacy-station-mobile-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148063.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">159</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1084</span> Drugstore Control System Design and Realization Based on Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Faheem%20Khakhi">Muhammad Faheem Khakhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Yu%20Wang"> Jian Yu Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salman%20Muhammad"> Salman Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Faisal%20Shabir"> Muhammad Faisal Shabir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Population growth and Chinese two-child policy will boost pharmaceutical market, and it will continue to maintain the growth for a period of time in the future, the traditional pharmacy dispensary has been unable to meet the growing medical needs of the peoples. Under the strong support of the national policy, the automatic transformation of traditional pharmacies is the inclination of the Times, the new type of intelligent pharmacy system will continue to promote the development of the pharmaceutical industry. Under this background, based on PLC control, the paper proposed an intelligent storage and automatic drug delivery system; complete design of the lower computer's control system and the host computer's software system has been present. The system can be applied to dispensing work for Chinese herbal medicinal and Western medicines. Firstly, the essential of intelligent control system for pharmacy is discussed. After the analysis of the requirements, the overall scheme of the system design is presented. Secondly, introduces the software and hardware design of the lower computer's control system, including the selection of PLC and the selection of motion control system, the problem of the human-computer interaction module and the communication between PC and PLC solves, the program design and development of the PLC control system is completed. The design of the upper computer software management system is described in detail. By analyzing of E-R diagram, built the establish data, the communication protocol between systems is customize, C++ Builder is adopted to realize interface module, supply module, main control module, etc. The paper also gives the implementations of the multi-threaded system and communication method. Lastly, each module of the lower computer control system is tested. Then, after building a test environment, the function test of the upper computer software management system is completed. On this basis, the entire control system accepts the overall test. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20pharmacy" title="automatic pharmacy">automatic pharmacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PLC" title=" PLC"> PLC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20system" title=" control system"> control system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management%20system" title=" management system"> management system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title=" communication"> communication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64180/drugstore-control-system-design-and-realization-based-on-programmable-logic-controller-plc" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64180.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1083</span> Promoting the Contructor's Reputation in the Nigerian Construction Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulkadir%20Adamu%20Shehu">Abdulkadir Adamu Shehu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Company’s reputation is an elusive asset. The reputation gained by companies must be preserved for sustainability of the company. However, the construction project is still suffering from declination of character due to the factors that affect their reputation. The problem led to the loss of projects, abandoning of the projects and many more. This contributed to negative impact on the contractors in the construction industry. As for today, previous studies have not investigated in this regards yet. For that reason, this paper examines the factors which could promote contractor’s reputation in the construction industry in Nigeria. To achieve this aim, 140 questionnaires were distributed to the Nigerian contractors. Based on the 67% response rate, descriptive analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were the tools applied for the data obtained to be analysed. The result shows that, good communication system and improve quality of output of products are the most significant variables that can promote contractor’s reputation. The homogenous analyses indicate that there are significant different perceptions of respondents in term of the significant effects. The research concluded that contractor’s reputation in construction industry must be maintained and further research was suggested to focus on the qualitative method to have in-depth knowledge on contractor’s reputation in the construction industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20industry" title="construction industry">construction industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contractor%E2%80%99s%20reputation" title=" contractor’s reputation"> contractor’s reputation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effects%20of%20delay" title=" effects of delay"> effects of delay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37003/promoting-the-contructors-reputation-in-the-nigerian-construction-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37003.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1082</span> Construction Contractor Pre-Qualification Using Multi-Attribute Utility Theory: A Multiplicative Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Vikram">B. Vikram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Anu%20Leena"> Y. Anu Leena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Anu%20Neena"> Y. Anu Neena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20V.%20Krishna%20Rao"> M. V. Krishna Rao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20S.%20S.%20Kumar"> V. S. S. Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The industry is often criticized for inefficiencies in outcomes such as time and cost overruns, low productivity, poor quality and inadequate customer satisfaction. To enhance the chances for construction projects to be successful, selecting an able contractor is one of the fundamental decisions to be made by clients. The selection of the most appropriate contractor is a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) process. In this paper, multi-attribute utility theory (MAUT) is employed utilizing the multiplicative form of utility function for ranking the prequalified contractors. Performance assessment criteria covering contracting company attributes, experience record, past performance, performance potential, financial stability and project specific criteria are considered for contractor evaluation. A case study of multistoried building for which four contractors submitted bids is considered to illustrate the applicability of multiplicative approach of MAUT to rank the prequalified contractors. The proposed MAUT decision making methodology can also be employed to other decision making situations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-attribute%20utility%20theory" title="multi-attribute utility theory">multi-attribute utility theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20industry" title=" construction industry"> construction industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prequalification" title=" prequalification"> prequalification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contractor" title=" contractor"> contractor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14928/construction-contractor-pre-qualification-using-multi-attribute-utility-theory-a-multiplicative-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14928.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1081</span> Optimization Technique for the Contractor’s Portfolio in the Bidding Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taha%20Anjamrooz">Taha Anjamrooz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sareh%20Rajabi"> Sareh Rajabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salwa%20Bheiry"> Salwa Bheiry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Selection between the available projects in bidding processes for the contractor is one of the essential areas to concentrate on. It is important for the contractor to choose the right projects within its portfolio during the tendering stage based on certain criteria. It should align the bidding process with its origination strategies and goals as a screening process to have the right portfolio pool to start with. Secondly, it should set the proper framework and use a suitable technique in order to optimize its selection process for concertation purpose and higher efforts during the tender stage with goals of success and winning. In this research paper, a two steps framework proposed to increase the efficiency of the contractor’s bidding process and the winning chance of getting the new projects awarded. In this framework, initially, all the projects pass through the first stage screening process, in which the portfolio basket will be evaluated and adjusted in accordance with the organization strategies to the reduced version of the portfolio pool, which is in line with organization activities. In the second stage, the contractor uses linear programming to optimize the portfolio pool based on available resources such as manpower, light equipment, heavy equipment, financial capability, return on investment, and success rate of winning the bid. Therefore, this optimization model will assist the contractor in utilizing its internal resource to its maximum and increase its winning chance for the new project considering past experience with clients, built-relation between two parties, and complexity in the exertion of the projects. The objective of this research will be to increase the contractor's winning chance in the bidding process based on the success rate and expected return on investment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bidding%20process" title="bidding process">bidding process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20resources" title=" internal resources"> internal resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contracting%20portfolio%20management" title=" contracting portfolio management"> contracting portfolio management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131963/optimization-technique-for-the-contractors-portfolio-in-the-bidding-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131963.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1080</span> Case Study: Optimization of Contractor’s Financing through Allocation of Subcontractors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helen%20S.%20Ghali">Helen S. Ghali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Engy%20Serag"> Engy Serag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Samer%20Ezeldin"> A. Samer Ezeldin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In many countries, the construction industry relies heavily on outsourcing models in executing their projects and expanding their businesses to fit in the diverse market. Such extensive integration of subcontractors is becoming an influential factor in contractor’s cash flow management. Accordingly, subcontractors’ financial terms are important phenomena and pivotal components for the well-being of the contractor’s cash flow. The aim of this research is to study the contractor’s cash flow with respect to the owner and subcontractor’s payment management plans, considering variable advance payment, payment frequency, and lag and retention policies. The model is developed to provide contractors with a decision support tool that can assist in selecting the optimum subcontracting plan to minimize the contractor’s financing limits and optimize the profit values. The model is built using Microsoft Excel VBA coding, and the genetic algorithm is utilized as the optimization tool. Three objective functions are investigated, which are minimizing the highest negative overdraft value, minimizing the net present worth of overdraft, and maximizing the project net profit. The model is validated on a full-scale project which includes both self-performed and subcontracted work packages. The results show potential outputs in optimizing the contractor’s negative cash flow values and, in the meantime, assisting contractors in selecting suitable subcontractors to achieve the objective function. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cash%20flow%20optimization" title="cash flow optimization">cash flow optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=payment%20plan" title=" payment plan"> payment plan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=procurement%20management" title=" procurement management"> procurement management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subcontracting%20plan" title=" subcontracting plan"> subcontracting plan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158282/case-study-optimization-of-contractors-financing-through-allocation-of-subcontractors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158282.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1079</span> Ranking of the Main Criteria for Contractor Selection Procedures on Major Construction Projects in Libya Using the Delphi Method </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Othoman%20Elsayah">Othoman Elsayah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naren%20Gupta"> Naren Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Binsheng%20Zhang"> Binsheng Zhang </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The construction sector constitutes one of the most important sectors in the economy of any country. Contractor selection is a critical decision that is undertaken by client organizations and is central to the success of any construction project. Contractor selection (CS) is a process which involves investigating, screening and determining whether candidate contractors have the technical and financial capability to be accepted to formally tender for construction work. The process should be conducted prior to the award of contract, characterized by many factors such as: contactor’s skills, experience on similar projects, track- record in the industry, and financial stability. However, this paper evaluates the current state of knowledge in relation to contractor selection process and demonstrates the findings from the analysis of the data collected from the Delphi questionnaire survey. The survey was conducted with a group of 12 experts working in the Libyan construction industry (LCI). The paper starts by briefly explaining the general outline of the questionnaire including the survey participation rate, the different fields the experts came from, and the business titles of the participants. Then, the paper describes the tests used to determine when the experts had reached consensus. The paper is based on research which aims to develop rank contractor selection criteria with specific application to make construction projects in the Libyan context. The findings of this study will be utilized to establish the scope of work that will be used as part of a PhD research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contractor%20selection" title="contractor selection">contractor selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Libyan%20construction%20industry" title=" Libyan construction industry"> Libyan construction industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20experts" title=" decision experts"> decision experts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Delphi%20technique" title=" Delphi technique "> Delphi technique </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2162/ranking-of-the-main-criteria-for-contractor-selection-procedures-on-major-construction-projects-in-libya-using-the-delphi-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2162.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1078</span> Dynamic Model of Automatic Loom on SimulationX</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Jomartov">A. Jomartov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Tuleshov"> A. Tuleshov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Tultaev"> B. Tultaev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the main tasks in the development of textile machinery is to increase the rapidity of automatic looms, and consequently, their productivity. With increasing automatic loom speeds, the dynamic loads on their separate mechanisms and moving joints sharply increase. Dynamic research allows us to determine the weakest mechanisms of the automatic loom. The modern automatic loom consists of a large number of structurally different mechanisms. These are cam, lever, gear, friction and combined cyclic mechanisms. The modern automatic loom contains various mechatronic devices: A device for the automatic removal of faulty weft, electromechanical drive warp yarns, electronic controllers, servos, etc. In the paper, we consider the multibody dynamic model of the automatic loom on the software complex SimulationX. SimulationX is multidisciplinary software for modeling complex physical and technical facilities and systems. The multibody dynamic model of the automatic loom allows consideration of: The transition processes, backlash at the joints and nodes, the force of resistance and electric motor performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20loom" title="automatic loom">automatic loom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamics" title=" dynamics"> dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model" title=" model"> model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multibody" title=" multibody"> multibody</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SimulationX" title=" SimulationX"> SimulationX</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59167/dynamic-model-of-automatic-loom-on-simulationx" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59167.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1077</span> Evaluation and Selection of Contractors in Construction Projects with a View Supply Chain Management and Utilization of Promthee</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Najiazarpour">Sara Najiazarpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahsa%20Najiazarpour"> Mahsa Najiazarpour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There are many problems in contracting projects and their performance. At each project stage and due to different reasons, these problems affect cost, time and overall project quality. Hence, in order to increase the efficiency and performance in all levels of the chain and with supply chain management approach, there will be a coordination from the beginning of a project (contractor selection) to the end of project (handover of project). Contractor selection is the foremost part of construction projects which in this multi-criteria decision-making, the best contractor is determined by expert judgment, different variables and their priorities. In this paper for selecting the best contractor, numerous criteria were collected by asking from adept experts and then among them, 16 criteria with highest frequency were considered for questionnaire. This questionnaire was distributed between experts. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was obtained as 72%. Then based on Borda's function 12 important criteria was selected which was categorized in four main criteria and related sub-criteria as follow: Environmental factors and physical equipment: procurement and materials (supplier), company's machines, contractor’s proposed cost estimate - financial capacity: bank turnover and company's assets, the income of tax declaration in last year, Ability to compensate for losses or delays - past performance- records and technical expertise: experts and key personnel, the past technical backgrounds and experiences, employer satisfaction of previous contracts, the number of similar projects was done - standards: rank and field of expertise which company is qualified for and its validity, availability and number of permitted projects done. Then with PROMTHEE method, the criteria were normalized and monitored, finally the best alternative was selected. In this research, qualitative criteria of each company is became a quantitative criteria. Finally, information of some companies was evaluated and the best contractor was selected based on all criteria and their priorities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contractor%20evaluation%20and%20selection" title="contractor evaluation and selection">contractor evaluation and selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project%20development" title=" project development"> project development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20management" title=" supply chain management"> supply chain management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PROMTHEE%20method" title=" PROMTHEE method"> PROMTHEE method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173073/evaluation-and-selection-of-contractors-in-construction-projects-with-a-view-supply-chain-management-and-utilization-of-promthee" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173073.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">72</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1076</span> A Cross Sectional Study on Pharmacy Workforce in Saudi Arabia: Evaluating Supply and Demand, Distribution and Employment Prospects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalia%20Almaghaslah">Dalia Almaghaslah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Alsayari"> A. Alsayari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Asiri"> R. Asiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Albugami"> N. Albugami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacy workforce in Saudi Arabia in terms of supply, geographical distribution, nationality and gender distribution, as well as to assess the employment rate. A retrospective cross-sectional approach was used to address these objectives. Relevant data was identified and retrieved from the latest version of the Health Statistical Yearbook— Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2016; Saudi Commission for Health Specialties publications, 2018; and national pharmacy organisation websites. In general, the exponential increase in the number of pharmacy schools has helped to produce more pharmacists in the rural areas of the country, but inequitable distribution of the workforce still exists. The reliance on non-indigenous pharmacists, especially in the private sector, is substantial. Male pharmacists outnumber females, mainly due to the cultural and social factors that limit the participation of women in community pharmacy, which is the largest employment sector. The employment rate shows limited opportunities for Saudi pharmacists at the Ministry of Health (MOH) as they have already Saudised almost all pharmacy positions at the MOH healthcare facilities. However, the private sector needs to assume responsibility for their share of the re-nationalisation of the profession in order to provide jobs for local pharmacists. Regular, more detailed profiling of the pharmacy workforce is an essential step to achieving effective pharmacy workforce planning. Currently, a large gap exists in our knowledge of the workforce in the country, especially regarding their supply and demand and employment prospects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employment%20prospects" title="employment prospects">employment prospects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacy%20workforce" title=" pharmacy workforce"> pharmacy workforce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saudi%20Arabia" title=" Saudi Arabia"> Saudi Arabia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20and%20demand" title=" supply and demand"> supply and demand</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93976/a-cross-sectional-study-on-pharmacy-workforce-in-saudi-arabia-evaluating-supply-and-demand-distribution-and-employment-prospects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93976.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1075</span> Case Study Approach Using Scenario Analysis to Analyze Unabsorbed Head Office Overheads</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20C.%20Iyer">K. C. Iyer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Gupta"> T. Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20M.%20Bindal"> Y. M. Bindal </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Head office overhead (HOOH) is an indirect cost and is recovered through individual project billings by the contractor. Delay in a project impacts the absorption of HOOH cost allocated to that particular project and thus diminishes the expected profit of the contractor. This unabsorbed HOOH cost is later claimed by contractors as damages. The subjective nature of the available formulae to compute unabsorbed HOOH is the difficulty that contractors and owners face and thus dispute it. The paper attempts to bring together the rationale of various HOOH formulae by gathering contractor’s HOOH cost data on all of its project, using case study approach and comparing variations in values of HOOH using scenario analysis. The case study approach uses project data collected from four construction projects of a contractor in India to calculate unabsorbed HOOH costs from various available formulae. Scenario analysis provides further variations in HOOH values after considering two independent situations mainly scope changes and new projects during the delay period. Interestingly, one of the findings in this study reveals that, in spite of HOOH getting absorbed by additional works available during the period of delay, a few formulae depict an increase in the value of unabsorbed HOOH, neglecting any absorption by the increase in scope. This indicates that these formulae are inappropriate for use in case of a change to the scope of work. Results of this study can help both parties in deciding on an appropriate formula more objectively, considering the events on a project causing the delay and contractor's position in respect of obtaining new projects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=absorbed%20and%20unabsorbed%20overheads" title="absorbed and unabsorbed overheads">absorbed and unabsorbed overheads</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=head%20office%20overheads" title=" head office overheads"> head office overheads</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scenario%20analysis" title=" scenario analysis"> scenario analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scope%20variation" title=" scope variation"> scope variation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97343/case-study-approach-using-scenario-analysis-to-analyze-unabsorbed-head-office-overheads" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97343.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1074</span> Evaluation of the Practice of Veterinary Pharmacy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Magdy%20Danial%20Riad">Maria Magdy Danial Riad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: In the United Kingdom (UK), pharmacists' roles have expanded considerably in recent decades to encompass clinical practice through more direct patient care. However, dispensing and compounding remain core activities for pharmacists. A lack of marketed preparations for species-specific animal use results in veterinary pharmacy practice compounding, retaining its prominence. Current participation by pharmacists to support this sphere of practice would appear to be minimal. Objectives: This study was undertaken to determine the opinions and views toward the practice of veterinary pharmacy by a cross-sectional group of pharmacists. Methods: Research data were collected via a self-administered survey questionnaire distributed at the 2012 annual conference of the Royal Pharmaceutical Society. Sampling was purposive, with a random distribution of the questionnaire to pharmacists during the conference sessions. Key findings: Interaction by pharmacists with veterinary pharmacies is currently minimal, primarily due to a lack of knowledge of veterinary medicines. Respondents revealed a lack of veterinary pharmacy courses during their undergraduate studies. This has led to situations where some veterinary prescriptions are dispensed without adequate checks being performed by the pharmacist. Pharmacists, on occasion, do not dispense veterinary prescriptions presented to them due to insufficient knowledge of veterinary medicines and/or a lack of consultable reference sources. The effect on practice is that pharmacists do not always participate as fully as would seem logical. Conclusions: Pharmacists' participation in veterinary pharmacy is limited by a lack of knowledge of veterinary medicines, mostly resulting from inadequate tuition on veterinary pharmacy during their initial education. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20pharmacy" title="veterinary pharmacy">veterinary pharmacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20medicines" title=" veterinary medicines"> veterinary medicines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacy%20education" title=" pharmacy education"> pharmacy education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacists%20continuing%20professional%20development" title=" pharmacists continuing professional development"> pharmacists continuing professional development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166835/evaluation-of-the-practice-of-veterinary-pharmacy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166835.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1073</span> Investigating the Relationship between Service Quality and Amount of Violations in Community Pharmacies with Their Type of Ownership</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afshin%20Azari">Afshin Azari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farzad%20Peiravian"> Farzad Peiravian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazila%20Yousefi"> Nazila Yousefi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Community pharmacies have been always played an important role in public health. Therefore, having a decent service provided by these pharmacies is of paramount importance for the healthcare system. The issue of pharmacy ownership and its possible impact on the quality of services and amount of violations has been argued for many years, and there are different opinions around this debate. Since, so far, no scientific research has been performed to investigate this issue in Iran, this study aimed to examine the differences between these two types of pharmacies ownership in terms of violations and service quality. Method: This study investigates the impact of two different kinds of pharmacy ownership (pharmacists and non-pharmacist’s ownership) on the pharmacies’ amount of violations and services quality. Pharmacies’ amount of violations was examined using “pharmacy inspection reports” between September 2018 and September 2019, in their distinguishable categories: minor, major and critical violations. Then, service quality was examined using a questionnaire from the perspective of pharmacy customers. Results: Considering violations, there was no evidence to prove a significant relationship between critical violations and major violations with the type of pharmacy ownership. However, in minor violations, the average of violations was higher in pharmacies owned by pharmacists in comparison to their non-pharmacist owned counterparts. Regarding service quality, the results showed that there is no significant relationship between the quality of service and the type of pharmacy ownership. Discussion and Conclusion: In this study, no significant relationship was found between the amount of violations and the type of pharmacy ownership. This could indicate that the pharmacy ownership would not influence the rate of violations. Considering that more inspections have been carried out in non-pharmacist owned pharmacies, it can be concluded that these pharmacies are more under control, and in fact, this monitoring has reduced violations in these pharmacies. The quality of services in the two types of pharmacies were not significantly different from each other, and this shows that non-pharmacist-owned pharmacies also try to maintain the desired level of service in competition with their competitors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacy%20ownership" title="pharmacy ownership">pharmacy ownership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20service" title=" quality of service"> quality of service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=violation" title=" violation"> violation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20pharmacy" title=" community pharmacy"> community pharmacy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133864/investigating-the-relationship-between-service-quality-and-amount-of-violations-in-community-pharmacies-with-their-type-of-ownership" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133864.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1072</span> The importance of Clinical Pharmacy and Computer Aided Drug Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Edwar%20Mortada%20Nasif">Peter Edwar Mortada Nasif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of CAD (Computer Aided Design) technology is ubiquitous in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry. This has led to its inclusion in the curriculum of architecture schools in Nigeria as an important part of the training module. This article examines the ethical issues involved in implementing CAD (Computer Aided Design) content into the architectural education curriculum. Using existing literature, this study begins with the benefits of integrating CAD into architectural education and the responsibilities of different stakeholders in the implementation process. It also examines issues related to the negative use of information technology and the perceived negative impact of CAD use on design creativity. Using a survey method, data from the architecture department of Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu Uli University was collected to serve as a case study on how the issues raised were being addressed. The article draws conclusions on what ensures successful ethical implementation. Millions of people around the world suffer from hepatitis C, one of the world's deadliest diseases. Interferon (IFN) is treatment options for patients with hepatitis C, but these treatments have their side effects. Our research focused on developing an oral small molecule drug that targets hepatitis C virus (HCV) proteins and has fewer side effects. Our current study aims to develop a drug based on a small molecule antiviral drug specific for the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Drug development using laboratory experiments is not only expensive, but also time-consuming to conduct these experiments. Instead, in this in silicon study, we used computational techniques to propose a specific antiviral drug for the protein domains of found in the hepatitis C virus. This study used homology modeling and abs initio modeling to generate the 3D structure of the proteins, then identifying pockets in the proteins. Acceptable lagans for pocket drugs have been developed using the de novo drug design method. Pocket geometry is taken into account when designing ligands. Among the various lagans generated, a new specific for each of the HCV protein domains has been proposed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20design" title="drug design">drug design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-viral%20drug" title=" anti-viral drug"> anti-viral drug</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in-silicon%20drug%20design" title=" in-silicon drug design"> in-silicon drug design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hepatitis%20C%20virus" title=" hepatitis C virus"> hepatitis C virus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20aided%20design" title=" computer aided design"> computer aided design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAD%20education" title=" CAD education"> CAD education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education%20improvement" title=" education improvement"> education improvement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small-size%20contractor%20automatic%20pharmacy" title=" small-size contractor automatic pharmacy"> small-size contractor automatic pharmacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PLC" title=" PLC"> PLC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20system" title=" control system"> control system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management%20system" title=" management system"> management system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title=" communication"> communication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188179/the-importance-of-clinical-pharmacy-and-computer-aided-drug-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188179.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">23</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1071</span> Pharmaceutical Innovation in Jordan: KAP Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdel%20Qader%20Al%20Bawab">Abdel Qader Al Bawab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohannad%20Odeh"> Mohannad Odeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rami%20Amer"> Rami Amer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, there has been an increasing interest in innovative business development. Nevertheless, in the pharmacy practice field, there seems to be a gap in perceptions, attitudes, and knowledge about innovation between practicing pharmacists and academia. This study explores this gap and aspects of pharmaceutical innovation in Jordan, comparing pharmacists and last-year pharmacy students. A validated (r2 = 0.74) and reliable (Pearson’s r = 0.88) online questionnaire was designed to assess and compare knowledge, attitude, and perceptions about pharmaceutical innovation. A total of 397 participants (215 pharmacy students and 182 pharmaceutical professionals) responded. Compared with 50% of the pharmacists, only 32.1% of the students claimed that they knew the differences between pharmaceutical innovation, discovery, invention, and entrepreneurship [x2 (2) = 14.238, p = 0.001; Cramer’s V = 0.189]. Pharmacists demonstrated a higher level of trust in the innovative website design for their institution compared with students (25.3% vs. 16.3%, p < 0.001, Cramer’s V = 0.327). However, 60% of the students did not know the innovative design standards for websites, while the corresponding percentage was 37% for the pharmacists (p < 0.001; Cramer’s V = 0.327). The majority of the students were interested in pharmaceutical innovation (81.9%). Unfortunately, 76.3% never studied innovation in their pharmacy curricula. Similarly, most pharmacists (76.4%) considered adopting innovation, but only 30% had a concrete plan. For the field where pharmacists aim to innovate in the next 5 years, new pharmaceutical services were the dominant field (34.6%). Despite a positive attitude and perception, pharmacists and pharmacy students expressed poor knowledge about innovation. Policies to enhance awareness about innovation and professional educational tools should be implemented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacy" title="pharmacy">pharmacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation" title=" innovation"> innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge" title=" knowledge"> knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitude" title=" attitude"> attitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practice" title=" practice"> practice</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158983/pharmaceutical-innovation-in-jordan-kap-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158983.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1070</span> Resolution Method for Unforeseen Ground Condition Problem Case in Coal Fired Steam Power Plant Project Location Adipala, Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andi%20Fallahi">Andi Fallahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bona%20Ryan%20Situmeang"> Bona Ryan Situmeang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Construction Industry is notoriously risky. Much of the preparatory paperwork that precedes construction project can be viewed as the formulation of risk allocation between the owner and the Contractor. The Owner is taking the risk that his project will not get built on the schedule that it will not get built for what he has budgeted and that it will not be of the quality he expected. The Contractor Face a multitude of risk. One of them is an unforeseen condition at the construction site. The Owner usually has the upper hand here if the unforeseen condition occurred. Site data contained in Ground Investigation report is often of significant contractual importance in disputes related to the unforeseen ground condition. A ground investigation can never fully disclose all the details of the underground condition (Risk of an unknown ground condition can never be 100% eliminated). Adipala Coal Fired Steam Power Plant (CSFPP) 1 x 660 project is one of the large CSFPP project in Indonesia based on Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) Contract. Unforeseen Ground Condition it’s responsible by the Contractor has stipulated in the clausal of Contract. In the implementation, there’s indicated unforeseen ground condition at Circulating Water Pump House (CWPH) area which caused the Contractor should be changed the Method of Work that give big impact against Time of Completion and Cost Project. This paper tries to analyze the best way for allocating the risk between The Owner and The Contractor. All parties that allocating of sharing risk fairly can ultimately save time and money for all parties, and get the job done on schedule for the least overall cost. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unforeseen%20ground%20condition" title="unforeseen ground condition">unforeseen ground condition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coal%20fired%20steam%20power%20plant" title=" coal fired steam power plant"> coal fired steam power plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circulating%20water%20pump%20house" title=" circulating water pump house"> circulating water pump house</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indonesia" title=" Indonesia"> Indonesia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34234/resolution-method-for-unforeseen-ground-condition-problem-case-in-coal-fired-steam-power-plant-project-location-adipala-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">328</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1069</span> The Importance of Clinical Pharmacy and Computer Aided Drug Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mario%20Hanna%20Louis%20Hanna">Mario Hanna Louis Hanna</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of CAD (pc Aided layout) generation is ubiquitous inside the structure, engineering and construction (AEC) industry. This has led to its inclusion in the curriculum of structure faculties in Nigeria as an important part of the training module. This newsletter examines the moral troubles involved in implementing CAD (pc Aided layout) content into the architectural training curriculum. Using current literature, this study begins with the advantages of integrating CAD into architectural education and the responsibilities of various stakeholders in the implementation process. It also examines issues related to the terrible use of records generation and the perceived bad effect of CAD use on design creativity. The use of a survey technique, information from the architecture department of Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu Uli college changed into accumulated to serve as a case observe on how the problems raised have been being addressed. The object draws conclusions on what guarantees a hit moral implementation. Tens of millions of human beings around the sector suffer from hepatitis C, one of the international's deadliest sicknesses. Interferon (IFN) is a remedy alternative for patients with hepatitis C, but these treatments have their aspect outcomes. Our research targeted growing an oral small molecule drug that goals hepatitis C virus (HCV) proteins and has fewer facet effects. Our contemporary study targets to broaden a drug primarily based on a small molecule antiviral drug precise for the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Drug improvement and the use of laboratory experiments isn't always best high-priced, however also time-eating to behavior those experiments. instead, on this in silicon have a look at, we used computational strategies to recommend a particular antiviral drug for the protein domain names of discovered in the hepatitis C virus. This examines used homology modeling and abs initio modeling to generate the 3-D shape of the proteins, then figuring out pockets within the proteins. Proper lagans for pocket pills were advanced the usage of the de novo drug design method. Pocket geometry is taken into consideration while designing ligands. A few of the various lagans generated, a different for each of the HCV protein domains has been proposed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20design" title="drug design">drug design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-viral%20drug" title=" anti-viral drug"> anti-viral drug</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in-silicon%20drug%20design" title=" in-silicon drug design"> in-silicon drug design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hepatitis%20C%20virus%20%28HCV%29%20%20CAD%20%28Computer%20Aided%20Design%29" title=" Hepatitis C virus (HCV) CAD (Computer Aided Design)"> Hepatitis C virus (HCV) CAD (Computer Aided Design)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAD%20education" title=" CAD education"> CAD education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education%20improvement" title=" education improvement"> education improvement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small-size%20contractor%20automatic%20pharmacy" title=" small-size contractor automatic pharmacy"> small-size contractor automatic pharmacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PLC" title=" PLC"> PLC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20system" title=" control system"> control system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management%20system" title=" management system"> management system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication." title=" communication."> communication.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189433/the-importance-of-clinical-pharmacy-and-computer-aided-drug-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189433.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">27</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1068</span> A Framework for an Automated Decision Support System for Selecting Safety-Conscious Contractors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rawan%20A.%20Abdelrazeq">Rawan A. Abdelrazeq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20M.%20Khalafallah"> Ahmed M. Khalafallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabil%20A.%20Kartam"> Nabil A. Kartam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Selection of competent contractors for construction projects is usually accomplished through competitive bidding or negotiated contracting in which the contract bid price is the basic criterion for selection. The evaluation of contractor’s safety performance is still not a typical criterion in the selection process, despite the existence of various safety prequalification procedures. There is a critical need for practical and automated systems that enable owners and decision makers to evaluate contractor safety performance, among other important contractor selection criteria. These systems should ultimately favor safety-conscious contractors to be selected by the virtue of their past good safety records and current safety programs. This paper presents an exploratory sequential mixed-methods approach to develop a framework for an automated decision support system that evaluates contractor safety performance based on a multitude of indicators and metrics that have been identified through a comprehensive review of construction safety research, and a survey distributed to domain experts. The framework is developed in three phases: (1) determining the indicators that depict contractor current and past safety performance; (2) soliciting input from construction safety experts regarding the identified indicators, their metrics, and relative significance; and (3) designing a decision support system using relational database models to integrate the identified indicators and metrics into a system that assesses and rates the safety performance of contractors. The proposed automated system is expected to hold several advantages including: (1) reducing the likelihood of selecting contractors with poor safety records; (2) enhancing the odds of completing the project safely; and (3) encouraging contractors to exert more efforts to improve their safety performance and practices in order to increase their bid winning opportunities which can lead to significant safety improvements in the construction industry. This should prove useful to decision makers and researchers, alike, and should help improve the safety record of the construction industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20safety" title="construction safety">construction safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contractor%20selection" title=" contractor selection"> contractor selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20support%20system" title=" decision support system"> decision support system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relational%20database" title=" relational database"> relational database</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49056/a-framework-for-an-automated-decision-support-system-for-selecting-safety-conscious-contractors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49056.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1067</span> E-Pharmacy: An e-Commerce Approach for Buying Medicine Online in Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Asif%20Hassan">Syed Asif Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tabrej%20Khan"> Tabrej Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Manssor%20Al%20Najar"> Ibrahim Manssor Al Najar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Nasser"> Mohammed Nasser</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The incredible accomplishment achieved by e-commerce in consumer durable area encouraged us to implement the online e-commerce model to tap the business benefits of electronic pharmacy in Saudi Arabia. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is famous for traditional herbal medicine. The rich heritage of traditional medicine has helped the mushrooming of regional pharmaceutical industries manufacturing drugs and other therapeutic against various diseases. However, the implementation of e-commerce in pharmacy has not been employed in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The electronic pharmacy (E-Pharm) is an important sector that is flourishing across the globe and providing benefits of E-Pharm to the customers and suppliers all around the world. In this context, our web-based application of electronic pharmacy is the one of its kind in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Surveys and personal interviews were used to identify key objectives of the proposed web-based portal. As per the findings of the surveys and personal interviews, following key objectives were identified: (a) The online platform will be used for ordering of prescription based medications for consumers. (b) The e-portal will provide space for pharmaceutical retailers who do not have an electronic platform to upload and sell their therapeutic products in an organized way. (c) The web portal will provide a tracking system to track the customer’s behavior like choice, offer, order, shipment, payment, etc. The web-based e-pharmacy portal will be developed using MySQL and PHP. The development of e-pharmacy web portal and e-prescription practices will not only improve the growth of electronic pharmacy but would also decrease the possibility of prescription alteration thus providing safety and improving the quality of service provided to the patient or consumers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-commerce" title="e-commerce">e-commerce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E-Pharm" title=" E-Pharm"> E-Pharm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MySQL" title=" MySQL"> MySQL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PHP" title=" PHP"> PHP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62855/e-pharmacy-an-e-commerce-approach-for-buying-medicine-online-in-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62855.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1066</span> The European Pharmacy Market: The Density and its Influencing Factors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selina%20Schwaabe">Selina Schwaabe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Community pharmacies deliver high-quality health care and are responsible for medication safety. During the pandemic, accessibility to the nearest pharmacy became more essential to get vaccinated against Covid-19 and to get medical aid. The government's goal is to ensure nationwide, reachable, and affordable medical health care services by pharmacies. Therefore, the density of community pharmacies matters. Overall, the density of community pharmacies is fluctuating, with slightly decreasing tendencies in some countries. So far, the literature has shown that changes in the system affect prices and density. However, a European overview of the development of the density of community pharmacies and its triggers is still missing. This research is essential to counteract against decreasing density consulting in a lack of professional health care through pharmacies. The analysis focuses on liberal versus regulated market structures, mail-order prescription drug regulation, and third-party ownership consequences. In a panel analysis, the relative influence of the measures is examined across 27 European countries over the last 21 years. In addition, the paper examines seven selected countries in depth, selected for the substantial variance in their pharmacy system: Germany, Austria, Portugal, Denmark, Sweden, Finland and Poland. Overall, the results show that regulated pharmacy markets have over 10.75 pharmacies/100.000 inhabitants more than liberal markets. Further, mail-order prescription drugs decrease the density by -17.98 pharmacies/100.000 inhabitants. Countries allowing third-party ownership have 7.67 pharmacies/100.000 inhabitants more. The results are statistically significant at a 0.001 level. The output of this analysis recommends regulated pharmacy markets, with a ban on mail-order prescription drugs allowing third-party ownership to support nationwide medical health care through community pharmacies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20pharmacy" title="community pharmacy">community pharmacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=market%20conditions" title=" market conditions"> market conditions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacy" title=" pharmacy"> pharmacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacy%20market" title=" pharmacy market"> pharmacy market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacy%20lobby" title=" pharmacy lobby"> pharmacy lobby</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prescription" title=" prescription"> prescription</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-prescription" title=" e-prescription"> e-prescription</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ownership%20structures" title=" ownership structures"> ownership structures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156502/the-european-pharmacy-market-the-density-and-its-influencing-factors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156502.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1065</span> Modern Machine Learning Conniptions for Automatic Speech Recognition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Jagadeesh%20Kumar">S. Jagadeesh Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This expose presents a luculent of recent machine learning practices as employed in the modern and as pertinent to prospective automatic speech recognition schemes. The aspiration is to promote additional traverse ablution among the machine learning and automatic speech recognition factions that have transpired in the precedent. The manuscript is structured according to the chief machine learning archetypes that are furthermore trendy by now or have latency for building momentous hand-outs to automatic speech recognition expertise. The standards offered and convoluted in this article embraces adaptive and multi-task learning, active learning, Bayesian learning, discriminative learning, generative learning, supervised and unsupervised learning. These learning archetypes are aggravated and conferred in the perspective of automatic speech recognition tools and functions. This manuscript bequeaths and surveys topical advances of deep learning and learning with sparse depictions; further limelight is on their incessant significance in the evolution of automatic speech recognition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20speech%20recognition" title="automatic speech recognition">automatic speech recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning%20methods" title=" deep learning methods"> deep learning methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning%20archetypes" title=" machine learning archetypes"> machine learning archetypes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bayesian%20learning" title=" Bayesian learning"> Bayesian learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supervised%20and%20unsupervised%20learning" title=" supervised and unsupervised learning"> supervised and unsupervised learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71467/modern-machine-learning-conniptions-for-automatic-speech-recognition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71467.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">448</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1064</span> The Efficacy of Contractual Governance on Task and Relationship Conflict in Construction Projects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jingya%20You">Jingya You</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yongqiang%20Chen"> Yongqiang Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuanyuan%20Hua"> Yuanyuan Hua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenqian%20Wang"> Wenqian Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Conflict is commonplace in construction projects, and construction projects always involve designing contracts between the owner and the contractor. However, how the contract affects the level of conflict between the owner and the contractor has not been elaborated. The purpose of this paper is to explain the effects of contractual complexity on the level of conflict, including task conflict and relationship conflict, and then to demonstrate the moderating role played by the interdependence between the owner and the contractor. Using data from owners and general contractors in the Chinese construction industry, this research reveals that contractual control will reduce relationship conflict. Contractual coordination will also reduce relationship conflict by the mediating effect of task conflict. Besides, under high joint interdependence, the positive relationship between task conflict and relationship conflict is strengthened, while high interdependence asymmetry has effects on weakening the relationship between task conflict and relationship conflict. The findings provide guidance for contract designers to draft suitable contracts in order to effectively deal with conflict. Additionally, this research implies that project managers should highlight the importance of contract in conflict management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20projects" title="construction projects">construction projects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contract%20governance" title=" contract governance"> contract governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interdependence" title=" interdependence"> interdependence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relationship%20conflict" title=" relationship conflict"> relationship conflict</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=task%20conflict" title=" task conflict"> task conflict</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100047/the-efficacy-of-contractual-governance-on-task-and-relationship-conflict-in-construction-projects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100047.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">218</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1063</span> Project Time and Quality Management during Construction </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nahed%20Al-Hajeri">Nahed Al-Hajeri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Time and cost is an integral part of every construction plan and can affect each party’s contractual obligations. The performance of both time and cost are usually important to the client and contractor during the project. Almost all construction projects are experiencing time overrun. These time overruns always contributed as expensive to both client and contractor. Construction of any project inside the gathering centers involves complex management skills related to work force, materials, plant, machineries, new technologies etc. It also involves many agencies interdependent on each other like the vendors, structural and functional designers including various types of specialized engineers and it includes support of contractors and specialized contractors. This paper mainly highlights the types of construction delays due to which project suffer time and cost overrun. This paper also speaks about the delay causes and factors that contribute to the construction sequence delay for the oil and gas projects. Construction delay is supposed to be one of the repeated problems in the construction projects and it has an opposing effect on project success in terms of time, cost and quality. Some effective methods are identified to minimize delays in construction projects such as: 1. Site management and supervision, 2. Effective strategic planning, 3. Clear information and communication channel. Our research paper studies the types of delay with some real examples with statistic results and suggests solutions to overcome this problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-compensable%20delay" title="non-compensable delay">non-compensable delay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delays%20caused%20by%20force%20majeure" title=" delays caused by force majeure"> delays caused by force majeure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compensable%20delay" title=" compensable delay"> compensable delay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delays%20caused%20by%20the%20owner%20or%20the%20owner%E2%80%99s%20representative" title=" delays caused by the owner or the owner’s representative"> delays caused by the owner or the owner’s representative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-excusable%20delay" title=" non-excusable delay"> non-excusable delay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delay%20caused%20by%20the%20contractor%20or%20the%20contractor%E2%80%99s%20representative" title=" delay caused by the contractor or the contractor’s representative"> delay caused by the contractor or the contractor’s representative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concurrent%20delay" title=" concurrent delay"> concurrent delay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delays%20resulting%20from%20two%20separate%20causes%20at%20the%20same%20time" title=" delays resulting from two separate causes at the same time"> delays resulting from two separate causes at the same time</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36981/project-time-and-quality-management-during-construction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36981.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">242</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1062</span> The Attitude of Second Year Pharmacy Students towards Lectures, Exams and E-Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20T.%20Alahmar">Ahmed T. Alahmar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is an increasing trend toward student-centred interactive e-learning methods and students’ feedback is a valuable tool for improving learning methods. The aim of this study was to explore the attitude of second year pharmacy students at the University of Babylon, Iraq, towards lectures, exams and e-learning. Materials and methods: Ninety pharmacy students were surveyed by paper questionnaire about their preference for lecture format, use of e-files, theoretical lectures versus practical experiments, lecture and lab time. Students were also asked about their predilection for Moodle-based online exams, different types of exam questions, exam time and other extra academic activities. Results: Students prefer to read lectures on paper (73.3%), use of PowerPoint file (76.7%), short lectures of less than 10 pages (94.5%), practical experiments (66.7%), lectures and lab time of less than two hours (89.9% and 96.6 respectively) and intra-lecture discussions (68.9%). Students also like to have paper-based exam (73.3%), short essay (40%) or MCQ (34.4%) questions and also prefer to do extra activities like reports (22.2%), seminars (18.6%) and posters (10.8%). Conclusion: Second year pharmacy students have different attitudes toward traditional and electronic leaning and assessment methods. Using multimedia, e-learning and Moodle are increasingly preferred methods among some students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacy" title="pharmacy">pharmacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=students" title=" students"> students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lecture" title=" lecture"> lecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exam" title=" exam"> exam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-learning" title=" e-learning"> e-learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moodle" title=" Moodle"> Moodle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87664/the-attitude-of-second-year-pharmacy-students-towards-lectures-exams-and-e-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87664.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">164</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1061</span> Evaluation of the Level of Knowledge about Probiotics amongst Community Pharmacy Staff in Jordan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feras%20Darwish%20Elhajji">Feras Darwish Elhajji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alberto%20Berardi"> Alberto Berardi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manal%20Ayyash"> Manal Ayyash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iman%20Basheti"> Iman Basheti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The concept of the use of probiotics for humans now has been known for decades however, their intake by the Jordanian population seems to be less common when compared to population in the developed countries. Community pharmacy is the main supplier of probiotics, however, after conducting an extensive literature review, not any published research article could be found talking about the role, knowledge, and practice of the pharmacists in the area of probiotics. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the level of knowledge about probiotics and their dispensing practice in community pharmacies in Jordan. Community pharmacy staff (pharmacists and technicians) in Amman and north of Jordan were randomly selected to complete an anonymous questionnaire that had been pre-tested and validated. Ethical approval was obtained from the university ethics committee. The questionnaire included the following sections: demographics, knowledge and perceptions about probiotics, and role of the pharmacist Pharmacists and technicians were visited and interviewed in 281 community pharmacies. Asking about probiotics, 90.4% of them said that they know what probiotics are, although only 29.5% agreed that pharmacy staff in Jordan have good knowledge about probiotics, and 88.3% agreed that pharmacy staff in Jordan need more training and knowledge about probiotics. Variables that were significantly related to knowledge about probiotics were being a pharmacist (ρ= 0.012), area of the community pharmacy (ρ= 0.019), and female staff (ρ= 0.031) after conducting logistic regression statistical analysis. More than two-thirds of the participants thought that probiotics are classified as dietary supplements by Jordan Food and Drug Administration (JFDA). Of those who knew probiotics, the majority of them – 76.8% and 91.7% – agreed that probiotics are effective and safe, respectively. Believing in efficacy of the probiotics was significantly associated with answering their use to be with or after antibiotic administration and to increase normal flora gut population (ρ= 0.007). Efficacy was also significantly associated with recommending probiotics to consumers by the pharmacist (ρ< 0.001) and by the doctor (ρ= 0.041). At the same time, the concept of safety was mainly associated with their use for flatulence and gases (ρ= 0.048). Level of knowledge about probiotics and their uses, efficacy and safety amongst community pharmacy staff in Jordan is found to be good. However, this level can be raised in the future, especially knowledge about uses of probiotics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20pharmacy" title="community pharmacy">community pharmacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jordan" title=" Jordan"> Jordan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prebiotics" title=" prebiotics"> prebiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probiotics" title=" probiotics "> probiotics </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38631/evaluation-of-the-level-of-knowledge-about-probiotics-amongst-community-pharmacy-staff-in-jordan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38631.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1060</span> Influence of Organizational Culture on Frequency of Disputes in Commercial Projects in Egypt: A Contractor’s Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omneya%20N.%20Mekhaimer">Omneya N. Mekhaimer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elkhayam%20M.%20Dorra"> Elkhayam M. Dorra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Samer%20Ezeldin"> A. Samer Ezeldin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Over the recent decades, studies on organizational culture have gained global attention in the business management literature, where it has been established that the cultural factors embedded in the organization have an implicit yet significant influence on the organization’s success. Unlike other industries, the construction industry is widely known to be operating in a dynamic and adversarial nature; considering the unique characteristics it denotes, thereby the level of disputes has propagated in the construction industry throughout the years. In the late 1990s, the International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction (CIB) created a Task Group (TG-23), which later evolved in 2006 into a Working Commission W112, with a strategic objective to promote research in investigating the role and impact of culture in the construction industry worldwide. To that end, this paper aims to study the influence of organizational culture in the contractor’s organization on the frequency of disputes caused between the owner and the contractor that occur in commercial projects based in Egypt. This objective is achieved by using a quantitative approach through a survey questionnaire to explore the dominant cultural attributes that exist in the contractor’s organization based on the Competing Value Framework (CVF) theory, which classifies organizational culture into four main cultural types: (1) clan, (2) adhocracy, (3) market, and (4) hierarchy. Accordingly, the collected data are statistically analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 28) software, whereby a correlation analysis using Pearson Correlation is carried out to assess the relationship between these variables and their statistical significance using the p-value. The results show that there is an influence of organizational culture attributes on the frequency of disputes whereby market culture is identified to be the most dominant organizational culture that is currently practiced in contractor’s organization, which consequently contributes to increasing the frequency of disputes in commercial projects. These findings suggest that alternative management practices should be adopted rather than the existing ones with an aim to minimize dispute occurrence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20projects" title="construction projects">construction projects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=correlation%20analysis" title=" correlation analysis"> correlation analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disputes" title=" disputes"> disputes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Egypt" title=" Egypt"> Egypt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20culture" title=" organizational culture"> organizational culture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162180/influence-of-organizational-culture-on-frequency-of-disputes-in-commercial-projects-in-egypt-a-contractors-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162180.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1059</span> Possibilities, Challenges and the State of the Art of Automatic Speech Recognition in Air Traffic Control</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Van%20Nhan%20Nguyen">Van Nhan Nguyen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harald%20Holone"> Harald Holone</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Over the past few years, a lot of research has been conducted to bring Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) into various areas of Air Trafﬁc Control (ATC), such as air trafﬁc control simulation and training, monitoring live operators for with the aim of safety improvements, air trafﬁc controller workload measurement and conducting analysis on large quantities controller-pilot speech. Due to the high accuracy requirements of the ATC context and its unique challenges, automatic speech recognition has not been widely adopted in this ﬁeld. With the aim of providing a good starting point for researchers who are interested bringing automatic speech recognition into ATC, this paper gives an overview of possibilities and challenges of applying automatic speech recognition in air trafﬁc control. To provide this overview, we present an updated literature review of speech recognition technologies in general, as well as speciﬁc approaches relevant to the ATC context. Based on this literature review, criteria for selecting speech recognition approaches for the ATC domain are presented, and remaining challenges and possible solutions are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20speech%20recognition" title="automatic speech recognition">automatic speech recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asr" title=" asr"> asr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20traffic%20control" title=" air traffic control"> air traffic control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atc" title=" atc"> atc</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31004/possibilities-challenges-and-the-state-of-the-art-of-automatic-speech-recognition-in-air-traffic-control" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31004.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1058</span> A Cross-Sectional Study on Board Certified Pharmacists in Arab Countries 2018 Update</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Anwar%20Hammad">Mohamed Anwar Hammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Mohamed%20Al%20Akhali"> Khaled Mohamed Al Akhali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasmin%20Elsobky"> Yasmin Elsobky</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Board certification is a voluntary process that confirms a pharmacist's capability, competency, education, skills, and proficiency beyond what is essential for licensure. This analysis was intended to investigate the prevalence of board-certified pharmacists in the Arab countries and compare the Board of Pharmacy Specialties (BPS) between Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Canada. A cross-sectional study was conducted. The data were mined from the BPS website. Data were managed by IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0 and presented as descriptive statistics. Of 36918 Board certified pharmacists (BCPs) until February 2018, only 4038 (10.9%) were from the outside United States of America. From 4038 BCPs, about 1782 (44.1%) were from Arab nations. Egypt has the top prevalence of the BPS among the Arab countries 937 (52.6%) BCPs. However, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia comes in the second position 442 (24.8%). Pharmacotherapy (BCPS), nutrition support pharmacy (BCNSP), critical care pharmacy (BCCCP) and oncology pharmacy (BCOP) are the highest specialties by 1474 (82.7%), 114 (6.4%), 61 (3.42%) and 60 (3.37%) respectively, while, infectious diseases pharmacy (AQID), cardiology pharmacy (AQCD) and nuclear pharmacy (BCNP) are the lowest prevalence of specialties by 7 (0.4%), 6 (0.3%) and 1 (0.06%) respectively. Added qualifications were canceled and became a new specialty in BPS as the rest of the specialties. Both infectious diseases and cardiology specialties exams are not conducted yet all over the world from the beginning of 2018. Egypt has the second prevalence 937 (2.54%), before Canada 920 (2.49%) and after United States of America 32880 (89.06%) in the worldwide in terms of BCPs. In conclusion the BCPS is the uppermost specialty; however, there is still a need for all the other specialties. In a short period, BCCCP jumped to the third position. Cardiology and infectious disease will be new specialties. Egyptian pharmacists are in the top of Arab countries, and 2nd in worldwide BCPs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AQCD" title="AQCD">AQCD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AQID" title=" AQID"> AQID</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arab%20countries" title=" Arab countries"> Arab countries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BCACP" title=" BCACP"> BCACP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BCCCP" title=" BCCCP"> BCCCP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BCGP" title=" BCGP"> BCGP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BCNP" title=" BCNP"> BCNP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BCNSP" title=" BCNSP"> BCNSP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BCOP" title=" BCOP"> BCOP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BCPPS" title=" BCPPS"> BCPPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BCPS" title=" BCPS"> BCPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BCPP" title=" BCPP"> BCPP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Board%20of%20Pharmacy%20Specialties%20%28BPS%29" title=" Board of Pharmacy Specialties (BPS)"> Board of Pharmacy Specialties (BPS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Canada" title=" Canada"> Canada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Egypt" title=" Egypt"> Egypt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saudi%20Arabia" title=" Saudi Arabia"> Saudi Arabia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=USA" title=" USA"> USA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90127/a-cross-sectional-study-on-board-certified-pharmacists-in-arab-countries-2018-update" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90127.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small-size%20contractor%20automatic%20pharmacy&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small-size%20contractor%20automatic%20pharmacy&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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