California Digital Newspaper Collection

<!DOCTYPE html> <html dir="ltr" lang="en"> <head> <title>California Digital Newspaper Collection</title> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <meta name="veridian-license" content="XXXXX-XXXXX-YFNLA-QNR2S" /> <meta name="veridian-version" content="CVS-D2023.11.06.01.00.00" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no" /> <meta name="description" content="California Digital Newspaper Collection" />  <link href="https://cdnc.ucr.edu/" rel="canonical" /> <link href="/web/favicon.ico?lmd=1422826348" rel="icon" /> <link href="/web/favicon.ico?lmd=1422826348" rel="shortcut icon" />  <link href="/custom/cdnc/web/style/bootstrap.min.css?lmd=1698797811" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />  <link href="/web/style/veridian.css?lmd=1698793457" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />  <link href="/web/style/font-awesome.min.css?lmd=1532571603" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <link href="/web/style/jssocials.min.css?lmd=1536104872" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <link href="/web/style/jssocials-theme-flat.min.css?lmd=1536104872" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />  <link href="/custom/cdnc/web/style/cdnc.css?lmd=1698797811" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/openlayers/openlayers.github.io@master/en/v5.3.0/css/ol.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/custom/cdnc/web/script/map/map-style.css?lmd=1693268706" />  <script src="/web/script/jquery/jquery-3.5.1.min.js"></script>  <script src="/web/script/bootstrap/bootstrap.bundle.min.js?lmd=1698793456"></script>  <script src="/web/script/cooquery.js?lmd=1667349916"></script>  <script src="/web/script/lozad/lozad-1.9.0.min.js"></script>  <script src="/custom/cdnc/web/script/veridian-core.js?lmd=1698797811" id="veridiancorejs" data-core-data-json=' { "cgiArgD": "", "cgiArgSrpos": "", "cookiePath": "/", "debug": false, "httpDomain": "cdnc.ucr.edu", "httpVeridian": "/", "state": "e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------", "loadingIndicatorHTML": "<span role=\"log\">Loading...</span>", "saveString": "Save", "savedString": "Saved", "savingString": "Saving...", "systemErrorString": "A system error has occurred; please contact the site maintainer (<a href=\"mailto:cdnc-technical@cbsr.ucr.edu\">cdnc-technical@cbsr.ucr.edu</a>).", "unsavedChangesString": "There are unsaved changes that will be lost if you continue." } '></script>  <script src="/web/script/veridian-editable.js?lmd=1694992589" id="veridianeditablejs" data-edit-value-unsaved-changes-string="Are you sure you want to navigate away from this form? There are unsaved changes that will be lost if you continue. Press OK to continue, or Cancel to stay on the current form. "></script>  <script src="/web/script/veridian-usercontribution.js?lmd=1698793456" id="veridianusercontributionjs" data-delete-section-comment-confirmation-string="Are you sure you want to delete this comment?" data-delete-section-tag-confirmation-string="Are you sure you want to delete this tag?"></script> <script src="/web/script/veridian-unicode.js?lmd=1637709408"></script> <script src="/custom/cdnc/web/script/veridian-useraccount.js?lmd=1698797811" id="veridianuseraccountjs" data-delete-user-list-confirmation-string="Are you sure you want to delete this list?" data-delete-user-list-item-confirmation-string="Are you sure you want to remove this list item?" data-disable-user-history-confirmation-string="Are you sure? All existing history entries will be removed."></script>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5TFFX2XBE7"></script> <script src="/custom/cdnc/web/script/veridian-gtag.js?lmd=1698797811" id="veridiangtagjs" data-primary-GA-ID="G-5TFFX2XBE7" data-additional-GA-ID="UA-11669086-1" data-GA4-content-grouping-string="General page view" data-cdnc-publication-string="General Page View" data-cdnc-institution-string="General Page View" data-cdnc-no-institution-string="No Institution"></script> </head> <body> <div class="skiplink"><a class="visually-hidden-focusable" href="#content">Skip to main content</a></div> <div id="headernotice" ></div> <header id="header"> <div id="headertopcell" class="commonedging"> <div id="navbarcollapsed" class="dropdown d-print-none hiddenwhennotsmall"> <a class="dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" href="#dd" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" title="Navigation menu" aria-label="Navigation menu"><svg class="svgicon touchclickable" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" aria-label="Navigation menu" role="img"><title>Navigation menu</title><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M3 18h18v-2H3v2zm0-5h18v-2H3v2zm0-7v2h18V6H3z"/></svg></a> <nav class="dropdown-menu"> <a class="dropdown-item active" href="/?a=p&p=home&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------">Home</a> <a class="dropdown-item " href="/?a=q&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------">Search</a> <a class="dropdown-item " href="/?a=cl&cl=CL1&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------">Titles</a> <a class="dropdown-item " href="/?a=cl&cl=CL2&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------">Dates</a> <a class="dropdown-item " href="/?a=scl&scl=Tags&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------">Tags</a>  <a class="dropdown-item " href="/?a=pcl&pcl=PCL1&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------">Counties</a>  <a class="dropdown-item " href="/?a=p&p=regionbrowser&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------">Map</a> <a class="dropdown-item " href="/?a=p&p=help&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------#all">Help</a>  <a target="_blank" class="dropdown-item" href="https://cbsr.ucr.edu/CDNC">About</a> </nav> </div> <div> <div id="userlinks" class="dropdown d-print-none"> <a class="dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" href="#dd" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" title="User account menu (not logged in)" aria-label="User account menu (not logged in)"><svg class="svgicon touchclickable" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" aria-label="User account menu (not logged in)" role="img"><title>User account menu (not logged in)</title><path d="M12 12c2.21 0 4-1.79 4-4s-1.79-4-4-4-4 1.79-4 4 1.79 4 4 4zm0 2c-2.67 0-8 1.34-8 4v2h16v-2c0-2.66-5.33-4-8-4z"/><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/></svg></a> <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right"> <a class="dropdown-item registerlink" href="/?a=ur&command=ShowRegisterNewUserPage&opa=&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------">Register</a> <a class="dropdown-item loginlink" href="/?a=a&command=ShowAuthenticateUserPage&opa=&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------">Log in</a> </div> </div> </div> <div> </div> </div> <div id="headerbottomcell"> <div id="bannerlogo" class="commonedging offsetbannerlogo"><img id="cdncbannerlogoonecdnc" alt="California Digital Newspaper Collection" src="/custom/cdnc/web/images/UCR_CDNC.png" title="California Digital Newspaper Collection" /><img id="cdncbannerlogoonecbsr" alt="California Digital Newspaper Collection" src="/custom/cdnc/web/images/UCR_CBSR.png" title="California Digital Newspaper Collection" /></div><div id="cdncbannerlogotwo" class=" offsetbannerlogo"><img alt="California Digital Newspaper Collection" src="/custom/cdnc/web/images/CDNC_CDNC.png" title="California Digital Newspaper Collection" /></div> <div id="navbar" class="d-print-none hiddenwhensmall"> <nav> <ul id="navbarentries" class="nav"> <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link " href="/?a=q&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------">Search</a></li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" href="#dd" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Browse" title="Browse">Browse</a> <div class="dropdown-menu"> <a class="dropdown-item " href="/?a=cl&cl=CL1&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------">Titles</a> <a class="dropdown-item " href="/?a=cl&cl=CL2&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------">Dates</a> <a class="dropdown-item " href="/?a=scl&scl=Tags&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------">Tags</a>  <a class="dropdown-item " href="/?a=pcl&pcl=PCL1&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------">Counties</a>  <a class="dropdown-item " href="/?a=p&p=regionbrowser&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------">Map</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link " href="/?a=p&p=help&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------#all">Help</a></li>  <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" target="_blank" href="https://cbsr.ucr.edu/CDNC">About</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <nav id="breadcrumbscell" class="d-print-none"></nav> </header> <div id="content"> <div class="widthrestrictionnone"> <div id="pagecontent" class="pagecontentmargin commonedging"> <h1 class="visually-hidden">California Digital Newspaper Collection</h1> <div id="homepagecontent">  <div id="homepagemiddlecolumn" class="card"> <div class="card-body"> <h2><label for="homepagesearchinputtxq">Search</label></h2> <div id="homepagesearch"> <form id="minimalqueryform" action="/" method="get"> <input name="a" type="hidden" value="q" /> <input name="hs" type="hidden" value="1" /> <input name="r" type="hidden" value="1" /> <input name="results" type="hidden" value="1" /> <input name="txf" type="hidden" value="txIN" /> <div class="input-group"> <input id="homepagesearchinputtxq" autofocus="autofocus" class="form-control " dir="auto" name="txq" type="text" value="" /> <button class="btn btn-light" type="submit" title="Search"><svg class="svgicon " height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" aria-label="Search" role="img"><title>Search</title><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27C15.41 12.59 16 11.11 16 9.5 16 5.91 13.09 3 9.5 3S3 5.91 3 9.5 5.91 16 9.5 16c1.61 0 3.09-.59 4.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5 4.99L20.49 19l-4.99-5zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z"/><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/></svg></button> </div> <input name="e" type="hidden" value="-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------" /> </form> </div>  <div style="background-color: #F8F8F8; margin-bottom: 20px;"> <div style="border: solid 2px #333333; border-radius: 15px; padding: 10px; text-align: center"> <h2>Introducing a New Look and New Features</h2> <div><a href="/?a=p&p=help&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------#all">See the Help section for more details.</a></div> </div> </div> <h2>About</h2> <div id="homepageabout">  <div>This collection contains 1,300,509 issues comprising 17,872,279 pages and 53,614,544 articles.</div> <div> <p>The <a target="_blank" href="https://cbsr.ucr.edu/CDNC">California Digital Newspaper Collection</a> is a project of the <a href="https://cbsr.ucr.edu">Center for Bibliographical Studies and Research</a> (CBSR) at the <a href="https://www.ucr.edu">University of California, Riverside</a>.</p> <p>The CDNC is supported in whole or in part by funding provided by the State of California, administered by the California State Library.</p> <p>The CBSR has received five grants from the <a href="https://www.neh.gov">National Endowment for the Humanities</a> to digitize California newspapers for the <a href="https://www.neh.gov/projects/ndnp.html">National Digital Newspaper Program</a>. Titles digitized as part of the NDNP are available both here and at the <a href="https://www.loc.gov/chroniclingamerica">Library of Congress Chronicling America</a> website.</p> <p>We are eager to know what users think of this site. Please email your comments to <a href="mailto:cbsrinfo@ucr.edu">cbsrinfo@ucr.edu</a>.</p> <p>Like the CDNC on Facebook. <a href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/California-Digital-Newspaper-Collection/144681682251513"><img src="/custom/cdnc/web/images/fblogo-small.png" alt="Facebook" /></a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div id="homepageleftcolumn" class="card"> <div class="card-body"> <h2>Featured</h2> <div id="homepagesampler"> <div><a href="/?a=d&d=FHD19060606&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------"> <img alt="" src="/?a=is&oid=FHD19060606.1.1&type=pagethumbnailimage&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------&width=250" style="width: 250px; height: 335px" title="" /> <div>Fresno Bee 6 June 1906</div></a></div> </div> </div> </div>  <div id="homepagerightcolumn" class="card"> <div class="card-body"> <h2>Browse</h2> <div id="homepagebrowse"> <div class="divtable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 80%"> <div> <div class="homepagebrowseicon"><a href="/?a=cl&cl=CL1&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------"><img src="/custom/cdnc/web/images/iconbrowsebytitle.png" alt="Browse by title" title="Browse by title" /><br />Browse by title</a></div> <div class="homepagebrowseicon"><a href="/?a=cl&cl=CL2&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------"><img src="/custom/cdnc/web/images/iconbrowsebydate.png" alt="Browse by date" title="Browse by date" /><br />Browse by date</a></div> </div> <div> <div class="homepagebrowseicon bottombrowseicon"><a href="/?a=scl&scl=Tags&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------"><img src="/custom/cdnc/web/images/browsebytag.png" alt="Browse tags" title="Browse tags" /><br />Browse by tag</a></div> <div class="homepagebrowseicon bottombrowseicon"><a href="/?a=pcl&pcl=PCL1&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------"><img src="/custom/cdnc/web/images/browsebycounty.jpg" alt="Browse by county" title="Browse by county" /></a><br /><a href="/?a=pcl&pcl=PCL1&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------">Browse by county</a></div> </div> <div> <div class="homepagebrowseicon bottombrowseicon"><a href="/?a=p&p=regionbrowser&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------"><img src="/custom/cdnc/web/images/browsebymap.png" alt="Browse map" title="Browse map" /></a><br /><a href="/?a=p&p=regionbrowser&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------">Browse map</a></div> </div> </div> </div>  <div id="cdnchomepagedonate"> <h2>Donate</h2> <div style="background-color: #F8F8F8; border: solid 2px #333333; margin: 10px; padding: 10px; text-align: center"><a href="https://cdnc.ucr.edu/site/donate.html">Though access to the CDNC is free, maintaining and improving it is not. Please consider supporting the CDNC</a>.</div> </div> <h2>Top text correctors</h2> <div id="homepagetextcorrectscoreboard"> <div class="divtable userscoreboard"> <div> <div class="userscoreboardentrypos">1.</div> <div class="userscoreboardentryname">Wes Keat</div> <div class="userscoreboardentryvalue">3,731,013</div> </div> <div> <div class="userscoreboardentrypos">2.</div> <div class="userscoreboardentryname">annh</div> <div class="userscoreboardentryvalue">1,870,913</div> </div> <div> <div class="userscoreboardentrypos">3.</div> <div class="userscoreboardentryname">AJD</div> <div class="userscoreboardentryvalue">1,344,487</div> </div> <div> <div class="userscoreboardentrypos">4.</div> <div class="userscoreboardentryname">Adeemo</div> <div class="userscoreboardentryvalue">1,251,213</div> </div> <div> <div class="userscoreboardentrypos">5.</div> <div class="userscoreboardentryname">RKihara</div> <div class="userscoreboardentryvalue">812,648</div> </div> </div> <div id="homepagetextcorrectscoreboardmoreinfo"> <a href="/?a=p&p=textcorrecthome&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------">More information...</a><br /> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer id="footer"> <div id="footercontent" class="commonedging d-print-none"> <div id="footercopyright">© 2008-2025 <a class="footerlink" href="https://www.ucr.edu" rel="noopener" target="_blank">UC Riverside</a>. All rights reserved.</div> <div id="footerpoweredby">Powered by <a class="footerlink" href="https://www.veridiansoftware.com" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Veridian</a></div> <div id="footerprivacy"><a class="privacylink footerlink" data-privacy-section="all" href="/?a=p&p=privacy&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------#all">Privacy policy</a></div> <div id="footerterms"><a class="termslink footerlink" data-terms-section="all" href="/?a=p&p=terms&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------#all">Terms of use</a></div> <div id="footersocialbookmarks"> <div id="socialbookmarks"></div> <script src="/web/script/jssocials.min.js?lmd=1667349916"></script> <script src="/web/script/veridian-jssocials.js?lmd=1665695271"></script> </div> </div> </footer> <div id="alertpopup" class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="alert" aria-atomic="true" aria-labelledby="alertpopuplabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-lg" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h2 id="alertpopuplabel" class="modal-title">Alert</h2> <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button> </div> <div class="popupcontent modal-body"> <p id="alertpopupmessage"></p><div id="alertpopupbuttoncontainer"><input class="btn btn-primary button250" data-bs-dismiss="modal" type="button" value="OK" /></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="editvaluepopup" class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="editvaluepopuplabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-lg" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h2 id="editvaluepopuplabel" class="modal-title">Edit</h2> <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button> </div> <div class="popupcontent modal-body">  </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="helppopup" class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="helppopuplabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-lg" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h2 id="helppopuplabel" class="modal-title">Help</h2> <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button> </div> <div class="popupcontent modal-body">  </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="privacypopup" class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="privacypopuplabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-lg" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h2 id="privacypopuplabel" class="modal-title">Privacy policy</h2> <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button> </div> <div class="popupcontent modal-body">  </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="termspopup" class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="termspopuplabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-lg" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h2 id="termspopuplabel" class="modal-title">Terms of use</h2> <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button> </div> <div class="popupcontent modal-body">  </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="adduserlistitemspopup" class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="adduserlistitemspopuplabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-lg" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h2 id="adduserlistitemspopuplabel" class="modal-title">Add to private list</h2> <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button> </div> <div class="popupcontent modal-body">  </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="moveuserlistitempopup" class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="moveuserlistitempopuplabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-lg" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h2 id="moveuserlistitempopuplabel" class="modal-title">Move to another list</h2> <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button> </div> <div class="popupcontent modal-body">  </div> </div> </div> </div>  </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

California Digital Newspaper Collection