CINXE.COM

<!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no" /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="NomPTP94YozsgvD3NEFpNqUfY88e0TU0L64zNzZTpd0" /> <meta itemprop="name" content="longdom" /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /> <meta name="ROBOTS" content="INDEX,FOLLOW" /> <meta name="googlebot" content="INDEX,FOLLOW" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html" /> <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html" hreflang="en-us" /> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "url": "https://www.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html", "logo": "https://www.longdom.org/assets/img/longdom-logo.svg" } </script>  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.3.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" /> <link href="/assets/css/longdom.css" rel="stylesheet" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/animate.css/3.7.0/animate.min.css" />  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.7.1/css/all.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" />  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Montserrat:100,100i,200,200i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,600,600i,700,700i,800,800i,900,900i|Open+Sans:300,300i,400,400i,600,600i,700,700i,800,800i|Raleway:100,100i,200,200i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,600,600i,700,700i,800,800i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet" /> <link href="/assets/css/ionicons.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/jquery.mCustomScrollbar.min.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-select/1.13.2/css/bootstrap-select.min.css" />  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/global.css" />  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/styles.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/assets/css/author.css" /> <link rel="icon" href="/assets/img/favicon.png" type="image/gif" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/coolautosuggest.css" />   <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-LE7WH45F9C"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-LE7WH45F9C'); </script> <meta property="og:title" content="Longdom Publishing SL | Open Access Journals" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Longdom" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.longdom.org/" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Longdom Publishing SL is one of the leading international open access journals publishers, covering clinical, medical, and technology-oriented subjects" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.longdom.org/assets/img/longdom-logo.svg" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@org_longdom" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Longdom Publishing SL | Open Access Journals" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Longdom Publishing SL is one of the leading international open access journals publishers, covering clinical, medical, and technology-oriented subjects." /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.longdom.org/assets/img/longdom-logo.svg" />  <script> !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s){if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n; n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0';n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window, document,'script','//connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js'); fbq('init', '297919997051754'); fbq('track', "PageView"); </script> <title>The multi-scale causality of human cancer: An obstacle in the cli | 962</title> <meta name="keywords" content="The, multi-scale, causality, of, human, cancer:, An, obstacle, in, the, clinical, practice, Conference Proceedings, Abstracts, Proceedings"/> <meta name="description" content="Cancer is a heterogeneous disease: more than 100 types of human cancer have been described. This phenotypical variability is what primarily determines the..962"/> <meta name="citation_publisher" content="Longdom Publishing SL"/> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Translational Medicine"> <meta name="citation_title" content="The multi-scale causality of human cancer: An obstacle in the clinical practice"> <meta name="citation_online_date" content="0000/00/00" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Fabio Grizzi"/> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://www.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html"/> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://www.longdom.org/conference-abstracts-files/2161-1025-S1.008-022.pdf"/> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.4172/2161-1025.S1.008"/> </head> <body> <header>  <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-white shadow-sm deva541"> <div class="container"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://www.longdom.org/" title="Longdom Publishing S.L"> <img src="/assets/img/longdom-logo.svg" alt="" height="25"> </a> <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar" aria-controls="navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse justify-content-end" id="navbar"> <div class="navbar-nav"> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/" title="Home">Home</a> <div class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="Guidelines" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Journals</a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="Journals"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.longdom.org/journals-by-title.html" title="A-Z Journals">A-Z Journals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.longdom.org/open-access-journals-list.html" title="Browse By Subject">Browse By Subject</a> </div> </div> <div class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="Guidelines" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Guidelines & Policies </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="Guidelines"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.longdom.org/editorial-policies.html" title="Editorial Policies">Editorial Policies</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.longdom.org/submit-manuscript.html" title="Online Submission">Online Submission</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.longdom.org/instructions-to-authors.html" title="Instructions to Authors">Instructions to Authors</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.longdom.org/policies.html" title="Policies">Policies</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.longdom.org/publication-ethics.html" title="Publication ethics & malpractice statement">Publication ethics & malpractice statement</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.longdom.org/reviewers.html" title="Reviewers">Reviewers</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.longdom.org/terms-conditions.html" title="Terms and Conditions">Terms and Conditions</a> </div> </div> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/advertising.html" title="Advertising">Advertising</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/conferences.html" title="Conferences">Conferences</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/contact-us.html" title="Contact us">Contact us</a>  <div class="nav-item dropdown multi_lang j_multi_lang"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="multi_lang" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Language</a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby=""> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://spanish.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html" title="Spanish"> <img src="/admin/flags/spain.png">Spanish </a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://chinese.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html" title="Chinese"> <img src="/admin/flags/china.png">Chinese </a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://russian.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html" title="Russian"> <img src="/admin/flags/russia.png">Russian </a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://german.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html" title="German"> <img src="/admin/flags/germany.png">German </a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://french.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html" title="French"> <img src="/admin/flags/france.png">French </a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://japanese.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html" title="Japanese"> <img src="/admin/flags/japan.png">Japanese </a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://portuguese.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html" title="Portuguese"> <img src="/admin/flags/portugal.png">Portuguese </a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://hindi.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html" title="Hindi"> <img src="/admin/flags/india.png">Hindi </a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://telugu.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html" title="Telugu"> <img src="/admin/flags/india.png">Telugu </a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://tamil.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html" title="Tamil"> <img src="/admin/flags/india.png">Tamil </a> </div> </div>  </div>  </div> </div> </nav> </header>  <section class="bg-info py-1"> <div class="container"> <div class="row align-items-center justify-content-between">  <div class="col-12 col-sm-auto"> <img src="https://www.longdom.org/admin/headers/translational-medicine-logo.svg" alt="Translational Medicine" width="105" height="105" class="img-fluid mx-auto"> </div> <div class="col-12 col-sm-8"> <h1 class="text-left text-white border-light-blue-200-before font-size-7">Translational Medicine<br><small class="float-right font-size-5">Open Access</small></h1> </div>  <div class="col-12 col-sm-2 d-none d-sm-block"> <p class="lead">ISSN: 2161-1025</p>  </div> </div> </div> </section>  <nav id="sticky-navbar" class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-primary py-0"> <div class="container"> <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#jrnlNavbar" aria-controls="jrnlNavbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse justify-content-center" id="jrnlNavbar"> <div class="navbar-nav"> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine.html" title="Journal Home">Journal Home</a> <div class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle " href="#" id="EditorialPanel" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Editorial Panel <i class="fas fa-caret-down"></i></a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="EditorialPanel"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/editor-in-chief.html" title="Editor-in-Chief">Editor-in-Chief</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/editorial-board.html" title="Editorial Board">Editorial Board</a> </div> </div> <div class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle " title="Instructions for Authors" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" href="#">Instructions for Authors <i class="fas fa-caret-down"></i></a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="EditorialPanel"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/instructionsforauthors.html" title="Instructions for Authors">Instructions for Authors</a>  <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/ethical-malpractices.html" title="Publication ethics & malpractice statement">Publication ethics & malpractice statement</a> </div> </div> <a class="nav-link " href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/submit-manuscript.html" title="Submit Manuscript">Submit Manuscript</a> <a class="nav-link " href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/aim-and-scope.html" title="Aims and Scope">Aims and Scope</a> <a class="nav-link " href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/inpress.html" title="Articles in process">Articles in process</a>  <a class="nav-link " href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/archive.html" title="Archive">Archive</a> <div class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle " href="#" id="SpecialIssues" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Special Issues <i class="fas fa-caret-down"></i></a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="SpecialIssues"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/guidelines.html" title="Guidelines">Guidelines</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/upcoming-special-issues.html" title="Upcoming Special Issues">Upcoming Special Issues</a> </div> </div> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/contact.html" title="Contact">Contact</a> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <script type="text/javascript"> function googleTranslateElementInit() { new google.translate.TranslateElement({pageLanguage: 'en'}, 'google_translate_element'); } </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=googleTranslateElementInit"></script> <section class="py-4 content"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <aside class="col-12 col-sm-3 order-last order-sm-first"> <a href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/awards-nomination.html" class="btn btn-info btn-block mb-3 border-0 border-left-4 border-info font-size-4"><i class="fa-light fa-award-simple"></i> Awards Nomination </a> <a href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine-online-visitors-readers-268.html" class="btn btn-warning btn-block mb-3 border-0 border-left-4 border-info font-size-4"><i class="fas fa-book-reader"></i> 25+ Million Readerbase</a>      <h6><a target="_blank" href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user=EJHLNPsAAAAJ" title="Click here">Google Scholar citation report</a></h6> <h6 style="font-weight:bold;">Citations : 1077</h6> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user=EJHLNPsAAAAJ" title="Click here">Translational Medicine received 1077 citations as per Google Scholar report</a></p> <div class="card shadow-sm sidebar mb-3"> <a href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/citations.html" title="Click here"><img src="https://www.longdom.org/admin/citation-images/translational-medicine-citation.PNG" alt="Citation" class="img-fluid p_rel" /></a> </div> <h6><a href="https://publons.com/journal/23148/translational-medicine/" target="_blank" title="Click here">Translational Medicine peer review process verified at publons</a></h6> <div class="card shadow-sm sidebar mb-3"> <a href="https://publons.com/journal/23148/translational-medicine/" target="_blank" title="Click here"><img src="https://www.longdom.org/admin/publon-images/translational-medicine-publon.png" alt="Flyer image" class="p_rel w-100" height="250px"/></a> </div>   <div class="card shadow-sm sidebar mb-3"> <h6 class="card-header pr-0">Indexed In</h6> <div class="list-group list-group-flush overflow-view"> <div class="list-group-item p-0 pt-2 pl-2"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size: 11px;color: #0056b3;"></i> Open J Gate </div> <div class="list-group-item p-0 pt-2 pl-2"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size: 11px;color: #0056b3;"></i> Genamics JournalSeek </div> <div class="list-group-item p-0 pt-2 pl-2"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size: 11px;color: #0056b3;"></i> Academic Keys </div> <div class="list-group-item p-0 pt-2 pl-2"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size: 11px;color: #0056b3;"></i> RefSeek </div> <div class="list-group-item p-0 pt-2 pl-2"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size: 11px;color: #0056b3;"></i> Hamdard University </div> <div class="list-group-item p-0 pt-2 pl-2"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size: 11px;color: #0056b3;"></i> EBSCO A-Z </div> <div class="list-group-item p-0 pt-2 pl-2"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size: 11px;color: #0056b3;"></i> OCLC- WorldCat </div> <div class="list-group-item p-0 pt-2 pl-2"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size: 11px;color: #0056b3;"></i> Google Scholar </div> </div> <p class="m-0 clearfix"><a href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/indexing.html" title="Click here"><span class="btn btn-warning btn-xs float-right">View More »</span></a></p> </div>   <div class="card shadow-sm sidebar mb-3"> <h6 class="card-header">Useful Links</h6> <div class="card-body p-0"> <nav class="nav flex-column font-size-3 icon-list icon-list-angle-right a-py-1"> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/covid-19-peer-reviewed-journals-articles-special-issues.html" title="Click Here">Covid-19 Journal Articles Issues</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/aim-and-scope.html" title="Click Here">Aim and Scope</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/peer-review-process.html" title="Click Here">Peer Review Process</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/other-comments.html" title="Click Here">Other Comments</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/advertising.html" title="Click Here">Advertising</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/citations.html" title="Click Here">Citations Report</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/indexing.html" title="Click Here">Indexing and Archiving</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/archive.html" title="Click Here">Table of Contents</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/submissions/translational-medicine.html" title="Click Here">Submit Paper</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/editorial-tracking/" title="Click Here">Track Your Paper</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/funded-articles.html" title="Click Here">Funded Work</a> </nav> </div> </div>  <div class="card shadow-sm sidebar mb-3" style="margin-top:10px"> <h6 class="card-header">Share This Page</h6> <div class="card-body"> <nav class="nav social-icons social-icons-sm"> <a class="nav-link bg-facebook white" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https://www.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html" target="_blank" title="Share with Facebook" rel="noopener"><i class="fab fa-facebook-f"></i></a> <a class="nav-link bg-twitter white" href="https://twitter.com/share?url=https://www.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html" rel="noopener" target="_blank" title="Share with Twitter"><i class="fab fa-twitter"></i></a> <a class="nav-link bg-linkedin white" href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://www.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html" rel="noopener" target="_blank" title="Share with Linkdin"><i class="fab fa-linkedin-in"></i></a> <a class="nav-link bg-googleplus white" href="https://plus.google.com/share?url=https://www.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Share with Google+"><i class="fab fa-google-plus-g"></i></a> <a class="nav-link bg-pinterest white" href="https://pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https://www.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html" rel="noopener" target="_blank" title="Share with Pintrest"><i class="fab fa-pinterest-p"></i></a> <a class="nav-link bg-blogger white" href="https://www.blogger.com/blog-this.g?u=https://www.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html" rel="noopener" target="_blank" title="Share with Blogger"><i class="fab fa-blogger-b"></i></a> </nav> </div> </div>  <div class="card shadow-sm sidebar mb-3"> <h6 class="card-header">Recommended Journals</h6> <div class="card-body p-0"> <nav class="nav flex-column font-size-3 icon-list icon-list-angle-right a-py-1"> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/transcriptomics.html" title="Click Here">Transcriptomics journal</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/immunogenetics.html" title="Click Here">Immunogenetics journal</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/epigenetics-research-open-access.html" title="Click Here">Genetics Research journal</a> </nav> </div> </div>  <div class="card shadow-sm sidebar mb-3"> <a href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine/advertising.html" title="Click here"><img src="https://www.longdom.org/assets/img/tower-banner.jpg" alt="Flyer image" class="img-fluid p_rel" /> <span class="p_abo cu_roundchip"> <span> <h5><span>25+</span> Million Website Visitors</h5> </span> </span> </a> </div>    <div class="card shadow-sm sidebar mb-3"> <h6 class="card-header">Journal Flyer</h6> <img src="https://www.longdom.org/admin/flyers/translational-medicine-flyer.jpg" alt="Translational Medicine" class="img-fluid"/> </div>   <div class="sidebar pt-20 pl-10 mt-xs-0" align="center"> <a class="twitter-timeline" href="https://twitter.com/TranslationalM7" data-width="450" data-height="300">Tweets by TranslationalM7</a> <script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script> </div> <div class="clear"> </div>   <div class="card shadow-sm sidebar mb-3"> <h6 class="card-header">Open Access Journals</h6> <div class="card-body p-0 scroll_mang"> <nav class="nav flex-column font-size-3 icon-list icon-list-angle-right a-py-1"> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/agri-and-aquaculture-journals.html" title="Click Here">Agri and Aquaculture</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/biochemistry-journals.html" title="Click Here">Biochemistry</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/bioinformatics-and-systems-biology-journals.html" title="Click Here">Bioinformatics & Systems Biology</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/business-and-management-journals.html" title="Click Here">Business & Management</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/chemistry-journals.html" title="Click Here">Chemistry</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/clinical-sciences-journals.html" title="Click Here">Clinical Sciences</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/engineering-journals.html" title="Click Here">Engineering</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/food-and-nutrition-journals.html" title="Click Here">Food & Nutrition</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/general-science-journals.html" title="Click Here">General Science</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/genetics-and-molecular-biology-journals.html" title="Click Here">Genetics & Molecular Biology</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/immunology-and-microbiology-journals.html" title="Click Here">Immunology & Microbiology</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/medical-sciences-journals.html" title="Click Here">Medical Sciences</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/neuroscience-and-psychology-journals.html" title="Click Here">Neuroscience & Psychology</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/nursing-and-health-care-journals.html" title="Click Here">Nursing & Health Care</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="https://www.longdom.org/pharmaceutical-sciences-journals.html" title="Click Here">Pharmaceutical Sciences</a> </nav> </div> </div>  </aside> <div class="col-12 col-sm-9"> <h2 class="mt-0 mb-0 font-size-6 text-primary">The multi-scale causality of human cancer: An obstacle in the clinical practice</h2><br/> <h4 class="mt-0 mb-0 font-size-3"><b>2<sup>nd</sup> International Conference on Translational & Personalized Medicine</b><br><br/><b>August 05-07, 2013 Holiday Inn Chicago-North Shore, IL, USA</b></h4> <p class="mt-2"><i class="fas fa-user"></i> Fabio Grizzi</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Scientific Tracks Abstracts</strong>: <a href="https://www.longdom.org/translational-medicine.html" title="click here">Transl Med</a></p> <h5 class="mt-0 mb-0 font-size-4 text-primary"><strong>Abstract </strong>:</h5> <p>Cancer is a heterogeneous disease: more than 100 types of human cancer have been described. This phenotypical variability is what primarily determines the self-progression of neoplasia and its response to therapy. Variability in cell response has important clinical implications. It is now known that in a heterogeneous population, patients may display a multiplicity of genetic variations that respond differently to a given medical intervention. The same treatment could be of benefit to some patients yet harmful to others. Human carcinogenesis is a dynamical process that depends on a large number of variables and is regulated at multiple spatial and temporal scales and whose behavior does not follow clearly predictable and repeatable pathways. This multiple scale causality not only recognizes multiple processes and controls acting at multiple scales. In other words, the observed phenomenon at each scale has structural and behavioral properties that do not exist at lower or higher organizational levels. To understand human cancer as a complex system we need to determine the type of data that needs to be collected at each level of organization, the boundary conditions to use when describing the disease, and the technologies and approaches best suited to reveal its underlying biological behavior. This ?quantitative? way of thinking that unites physicians, biologists, mathematicians and epidemiologists, may help to discover new biomarkers with potential clinical value.</p> <h5 class="mt-0 mb-0 font-size-4 text-primary"><strong>Biography </strong>:</h5> <p>Fabio Grizzi graduated in Biological Sciences from the University of Milan in 1995 and, in the same year, received the Steven Newburgh Annual Award for his contributions to the field of basic and applied biomedical research. In 2008, he was invited to become a member of the National Cancer Institute-sponsored Pilot Cancer Antigen Prioritization Process, of the US National Institute of Health. He is currently working in the Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology of the Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy. He has published more than one hundred peer-reviewed articles, twenty-three book chapters, and has recently been commissioned by Springer Publishing to prepare a book entitled ?The Complexity of Cancer?.</p> <div class="btn-group"> <a href="https://www.longdom.org/conference-abstracts-files/2161-1025-S1.008-022.pdf" title="PDF" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-primary"><i class="fa fa-file-pdf-o" aria-hidden="true"></i> PDF</a> <a href="https://www.longdom.org/proceedings/the-multiscale-causality-of-human-cancer-an-obstacle-in-the-clinical-practice-962.html" title="HTML" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-primary"><i class="fa fa-file-code-o" aria-hidden="true"></i> HTML</a>  </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <footer class="bg-blue-grey-900 py-3"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 col-sm-4"> <h4 class="white font-size-4 fweight-400 border-bottom-1 pb-2">Content Links</h4> <ul class="list-unstyled footer-links font-size-3"> <li><a class="" href="https://www.longdom.org/online-tools.html" title="Click here">Tools</a> </li> <li><a class="" href="https://www.longdom.org/feedback.html" title="Click here">Feedback</a></li> <li><a class="" href="https://www.longdom.org/careers.html" title="Click here">Careers</a></li> <li><a class="" href="https://www.longdom.org/privacy-policy.html" title="Click here">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li><a class="" href="https://www.longdom.org/terms-conditions.html" title="Click here">Terms & Conditions</a></li> <li><a class="" href="https://www.longdom.org/authors-reviewers-editors.html" title="Click here">Authors, Reviewers & Editors</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-12 col-sm-4"> <h4 class="white font-size-4 fweight-400 border-bottom-1 pb-2">Contact Longdom</h4> <p>Longdom Group SA<br> Avenue Roger Vandendriessche,<br> 18, 1150 Brussels, Belgium<br> Phone: +442038085340 <br><strong>Email:</strong> <a href="mailto:info@longdom.org" class="white" title="Click here">info@longdom.org</a></p> </div> <div class="col-12 col-sm-4"> <h4 class="white font-size-4 fweight-400 border-bottom-1 pb-2">Connect</h4> <nav class="nav nav-pills social-icons-footer flex-column a-pl-0"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/longdompublisher" title="Click here" target="_blank" class="nav-link bg-facebook-hover"><i class="fab fa-facebook-f bg-facebook"></i> Facebook</a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/longdom-publishing-sl/" title="Click here" target="_blank" class="nav-link bg-linkedin-hover"><i class="fab fa-linkedin-in bg-linkedin"></i> Linkedin</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/LongdomP" title="Click here" target="_blank" class="nav-link bg-twitter-hover"><i class="fab fa-twitter bg-twitter"></i> Twitter</a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/longdom_publisher/" title="Click here" target="_blank" class="nav-link bg-instagram-hover"><i class="fab fa-instagram bg-instagram"></i> Instagram</a> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="row text-center"> <div class="col"> <p>Copyright © 2024 <a href="https://www.longdom.org/" title="Click here" class="white">Longdom Publishing</a>.</p> </div> </div> </div> </footer>  <a href="#0" class="cd-top js-cd-top">Top</a>   <script defer src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script defer src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.14.7/umd/popper.min.js"></script> <script defer src="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.3.1/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>  <script> jQuery(function($) { $(window).scroll(function fix_element() { $('#target').css( $(window).scrollTop() > 100 ? { 'position': 'fixed', 'top': '440px' } : { 'position': 'absolute', 'top': '440px' } ); return fix_element; }()); }); </script>   <script defer src="https://unpkg.com/feather-icons"></script> <script> feather.replace() </script>  <script defer src="/assets/js/scroll-to-top.js"></script>  <script defer type="text/javascript" src="/assets/js/coolautosuggest.js"></script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> $("#keyword").coolautosuggest({ url: "https://www.longdom.org/author-names.php?chars=", minChars: 3, }); </script> <script defer src="/assets/js/jquery.mCustomScrollbar.concat.min.js"></script> <script> // Scrollbar var Scrollbar = function() { "use strict"; // Handle Scrollbar Linear var handleScrollbarLinear = function() { $(".scrollbar").mCustomScrollbar({ theme: "minimal-dark" }); } return { init: function() { handleScrollbarLinear(); // initial setup for scrollbar linear } } }(); $(document).ready(function() { Scrollbar.init(); }); /*========================== Stikcy Navbar ============================*/ window.onscroll = function() { myFunction() }; var navbar = document.getElementById("sticky-navbar"); var sticky = navbar.offsetTop; function myFunction() { if (window.pageYOffset >= sticky) { navbar.classList.add("sticky") } else { navbar.classList.remove("sticky"); } } /*========================== Bootstrap Popover ============================*/ $(function () { $('[data-toggle="popover"]').popover() }) </script>  <script defer src="/assets/js/jquery.malihu.PageScroll2id.min.js"></script> <script> (function($){ $(window).on("load",function(){ $("a[rel='m_PageScroll2id']").mPageScroll2id(); }); })(jQuery); </script>  <script defer type="text/javascript" src="/assets/js/jquery.matchHeight-min.js"></script> <script> $(function() { $('.match-height').matchHeight({ byRow: true, property: 'height', target: null, }); }); </script> <script defer type="text/javascript" src="/assets/js/grids.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> // Equal Height var EqualHeight = function() { "use strict"; // Handle Equal Height var handleEqualHeight = function() { $(function($) { $('.equal-height').responsiveEqualHeightGrid(); }); } return { init: function() { handleEqualHeight(); // initial setup for equal height } } }(); $(document).ready(function() { EqualHeight.init(); }); </script>  <script defer src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-select/1.13.2/js/bootstrap-select.min.js"></script> <script> $('.selectpicker').selectpicker(); </script> <script> $(document).ready(function(){ var filecount = 1; $('.filerowclass').each(function(){ var countattr = $(this).attr('countattr'); if(filecount == countattr){ var countlink = $('#rowfile'+countattr+ ' .filelinkclass').length; if(countlink == 0){ $('#rowfile'+countattr).remove(); } } filecount++; }); }); </script>  <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() { $("#wait").hide(); $("#jkeyword").keyup(function() { $("#wait").show(); //values of sending variables var jkeyword=$("#jkeyword").val(); var dataString = { 'jkeyword':jkeyword }; $.ajax ({ type: "POST", url: "https://www.longdom.org/journal-search.php", data: dataString, cache: false, success: function(html) { $("#jresult").html(html); $("#wait").hide(); } }); }); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript">function add_chatinline(){var hccid=98441008;var nt=document.createElement("script");nt.async=true;nt.src="https://mylivechat.com/chatinline.aspx?hccid="+hccid;var ct=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];ct.parentNode.insertBefore(nt,ct);} add_chatinline(); </script><p class="news" style="position: absolute; left: -14168px"><a href="https://sekillinickyazma.com.tr/">https://sekillinickyazma.com.tr/</a></p> <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/select2@4.1.0-rc.0/dist/css/select2.min.css" rel="stylesheet" /> <script defer src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/select2@4.1.0-rc.0/dist/js/select2.min.js"></script> </body> </html>