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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Experimental broadcasts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Experimental_broadcasts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commercial_broadcasting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commercial_broadcasting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Commercial broadcasting</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Commercial_broadcasting-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Commercial broadcasting subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Commercial_broadcasting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Second_bid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_bid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Second bid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_bid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Switching_to_widescreen_and_HD_broadcasting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Switching_to_widescreen_and_HD_broadcasting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Switching to widescreen and HD broadcasting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Switching_to_widescreen_and_HD_broadcasting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Channel_2's_splitting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Channel_2's_splitting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Channel 2's splitting</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Channel_2's_splitting-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon 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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Makan_33"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Makan 33</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Makan_33-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canal_2_(Israel)" title="Canal 2 (Israel) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Canal 2 (Israel)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aroutz_2" title="Aroutz 2 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aroutz 2" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_2" title="Channel 2 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Channel 2" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A5_2" title="ערוץ 2 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ערוץ 2" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanal_2_(Israel)" title="Kanal 2 (Israel) – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Kanal 2 (Israel)" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kana%C5%82_2_(Izrael)" title="Kanał 2 (Izrael) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kanał 2 (Izrael)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" 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nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Television channel</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250536050">.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-channel .infobox-header{background-color:#efefef}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-channel-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-channel-availability .infobox-header{background-color:#bfdfff;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-channel-embed-header .infobox-header{font-size:100%;background-color:#bfdfff}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-tv-channel .infobox-header{background-color:hsl(0,0%,10%);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-tv-channel-availability .infobox-header,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-tv-channel-embed-header .infobox-header{background-color:hsl(210,100%,10%);color:inherit}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-tv-channel-infobox-header{background-color:hsl(0,0%,10%);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-tv-channel-availability .infobox-header,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-tv-channel-embed-header .infobox-header{background-color:hsl(210,100%,10%);color:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard ib-tv-channel"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Channel 2</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="ib-tv-channel-logo" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Channel2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Channel2.svg/100px-Channel2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Channel2.svg/150px-Channel2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Channel2.svg/200px-Channel2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="1210" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Broadcast area</th><td class="infobox-data label">National</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">Programming</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language(s)</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Picture format</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/16:9" class="mw-redirect" title="16:9">16:9</a> (<a href="/wiki/576i" title="576i">576i</a>, <a href="/wiki/SDTV" class="mw-redirect" title="SDTV">SDTV</a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">Ownership</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/The_Second_Authority_for_Television_and_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="The Second Authority for Television and Radio">The Second Authority for Television and Radio</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launched</th><td class="infobox-data">23 October 1986<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1986-10-23</span>)</span> (experimental transmissions)<br />4 November 1993<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1993-11-04</span>)</span> (official launch)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Closed</th><td class="infobox-data">1 November 2017 (split into 2 channels)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Replaced by</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Keshet_12" class="mw-redirect" title="Keshet 12">Keshet 12</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reshet_13" class="mw-redirect" title="Reshet 13">Reshet 13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_News_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli News Company">Israeli News Company</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">Links</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rashut2.org.il/english_channel2.asp">Channel 2</a></span></td></tr><tr class="ib-tv-channel-availability"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">Availability</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef; color: #202122;">Terrestrial</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/DVB-T" title="DVB-T">Digital</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Channel 2</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef; color: #202122;"><a href="/wiki/Streaming_media" title="Streaming media">Streaming media</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Reshet" title="Reshet">Reshet</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reshet.tv/news_n/heb/news/news2live/">Live stream</a></span></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Channel 2</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">ערוץ שתיים</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Hebrew" title="Romanization of Hebrew">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Hebrew-language romanization"><i lang="he-Latn">Arutz Shtaim</i></span>), also called "The Second Channel" (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">הערוץ השני</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Hebrew" title="Romanization of Hebrew">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Hebrew-language romanization"><i lang="he-Latn">HaArutz HaSheni</i></span>) was an Israeli <a href="/wiki/Commercial_broadcasting" title="Commercial broadcasting">commercial</a> television channel. It started doing experimental broadcasts funded by the television tax. The channel started commercial broadcasting on 4 November 1993 regulated and managed by <a href="/wiki/The_Second_Authority_for_Television_and_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="The Second Authority for Television and Radio">The Second Authority for Television and Radio</a>. In its first years, the channel was operated by three broadcasters ("<a href="/wiki/Keshet_Media_Group" title="Keshet Media Group">Keshet</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Reshet" title="Reshet">Reshet</a>", and "<a href="/wiki/Telad" title="Telad">Telad</a>"), and in 2005 only two broadcasters were left while "Telad" stopped broadcasting due to its loss in the <a href="/wiki/The_Second_Authority_for_Television_and_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="The Second Authority for Television and Radio">Second Authority</a>'s auction. </p><p>On 31 October 2017, 24 years after the channel started broadcasting, it got closed and split into two new channels: <a href="/wiki/Keshet_12" class="mw-redirect" title="Keshet 12">Keshet 12</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reshet_13" class="mw-redirect" title="Reshet 13">Reshet 13</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Israel_Television_News_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Israel Television News Company">News Company</a> that was founded alongside the Channel continued to broadcast news to both of the channels in parallel despite the split, but a few months after, after a merge between <a href="/wiki/Reshet_13" class="mw-redirect" title="Reshet 13">Reshet 13</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arutz_10" class="mw-redirect" title="Arutz 10">Arutz 10</a> channel, Reshet adopted Arutz 10's news company's broadcast, and the News Company started broadcasting exclusively on Keshet 12. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Channel_2_(Israel)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NIlan010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/NIlan010.jpg/220px-NIlan010.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/NIlan010.jpg/330px-NIlan010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/NIlan010.jpg/440px-NIlan010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Israeli_News_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli News Company">Israeli News Company</a> studios in <a href="/wiki/Neve_Ilan" title="Neve Ilan">Neve Ilan</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The idea of a second television channel in Israel was first mooted in 1978 when the Israeli government set up a special committee headed by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haim_Kovarsky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haim Kovarsky (page does not exist)">Haim Kovarsky</a> <small>(<a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%99" class="extiw" title="he:חיים קוברסקי">he</a>)</small> to explore the establishment of a second channel that would not be under supervision of the <a href="/wiki/Israel_Broadcasting_Authority" title="Israel Broadcasting Authority">Israel Broadcasting Authority</a> (IBA) and would be financed by advertising, however the idea of commercial television was rejected by the <a href="/wiki/National_Religious_Party" title="National Religious Party">National Religious Party</a> (NRP), which was part of the ruling coalition at that time. On 23 October 1986, <a href="/wiki/Amnon_Rubinstein" title="Amnon Rubinstein">Amnon Rubinstein</a>, the then Minister of Communications, ordered the start of "experimental transmissions" on a second channel, claiming that unless these transmissions had started, the frequencies would have been used by TV networks in neighbouring countries.<sup id="cite_ref-jewishvirtuallibrary.org_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jewishvirtuallibrary.org-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first transmissions were aired on UHF channel 21 from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Eitanim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mount Eitanim (page does not exist)">Mount Eitanim</a> transmission tower situated on the hills west of Jerusalem. These transmissions, which initially included 2–3 hours of video clips every evening originating from a private TV studio in Jerusalem, expanded gradually to include a full program lineup. At that time the IBA was legally responsible for the channel, but it actually saw it as unexpected competition, tried to prevent its inauguration, and was reluctant to take responsibility for its broadcasts. </p><p>In 1986 the Knesset started discussing the law forming the <a href="/wiki/Second_Israeli_Broadcasting_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Israeli Broadcasting Authority">Second Israeli Broadcasting Authority</a>, and in 1990, the <a href="/wiki/Knesset" title="Knesset">Knesset</a> passed a law that paved the way for the establishment of commercial television in <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>. The goal was to enhance pluralism and create competition. Channel 2 began broadcasting on 4 November 1993. Three concessionaires were chosen: <a href="/wiki/Keshet_Media_Group" title="Keshet Media Group">Keshet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Telad" title="Telad">Telad</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reshet" title="Reshet">Reshet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The concessionaires received a broadcasting contract for one decade and worked out a rotation agreement amongst themselves.<sup id="cite_ref-rashut2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rashut2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The channel broadcast from UHF channel 22 in Mount Eitanim serving Jerusalem; additional relay stations elsewhere in Israel included channel 27 in Acco and channel 36 in Be'er Sheba.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2005, the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Communications_(Israel)" title="Ministry of Communications (Israel)">Ministry of Communications</a> announced that two concessionaires would receive broadcasting contracts for the following decade.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of the four competitors – the three existing concessionaries, and a new operator called Kan (unrelated to the <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Public_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation">Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation</a>, which would only be established 12 years afterwards) – Keshet and Reshet were chosen. Telad, which lost the bid, stopped broadcasting on Channel 2 in October 2005. Keshet and Reshet broadcast 4 days a week, rotating every two years. In 2011, Channel 2 installed a new digital system to preserve news content that was stored on aging videotapes and manage its archive library.<sup id="cite_ref-masstech_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-masstech-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Experimental_broadcasts">Experimental broadcasts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Channel_2_(Israel)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Experimental broadcasts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Channel 2 started its experimental broadcasts in September 1986. Until that time, <a href="/wiki/Channel_1_(Israel)" title="Channel 1 (Israel)">Channel 1</a> was the only channel broadcasting in Israel. When the broadcasting started, a <a href="/wiki/Test_card" title="Test card">test card</a> was shown and in October of the same year the channel started showing photographs of Israel's landscapes and instructions on how to receive the transmissions. On 23 October 1986, Channel 2 started broadcasting <a href="/wiki/Music_video" title="Music video">music videos</a>. This is considered the beginning of the Experimental Channel 2's broadcasts. In its first months, the broadcasts were two-three hours long. In February 1987, the <a href="/wiki/John_Demjanjuk" title="John Demjanjuk">Demjanjuk trial</a> was broadcast in Channel 2. In the same year's <a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Israel)" title="Independence Day (Israel)">independence day</a>, the experimental channel did a live news broadcast during the entire holiday. </p><p>In 1987, there was a labor strike in the <a href="/wiki/Israel_Broadcasting_Authority" title="Israel Broadcasting Authority">IBA</a> and <a href="/wiki/Channel_1_(Israel)" title="Channel 1 (Israel)">Channel 1</a> did not broadcast for a period of 52 days. During the strike, Channel 2 got a permission to expand its broadcasting hours and to broadcast movies and various imported TV shows. Later, the government let Channel 2 broadcast in Channel 1's frequencies. This was deemed as an attempt from the government to stop the strike. During the strike, <a href="/wiki/Ida_Nudel" title="Ida Nudel">Ida Nudel</a> arrived in Israel and the experimental channel was directed to live broadcast her welcoming ceremony. With the end of the strike, the IBA stopped working with Channel 2 and Channel 2 stopped airing its special productions. In 1990, the Knesset passed the <a href="/wiki/Second_Israeli_Broadcasting_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Israeli Broadcasting Authority">Second Israeli Broadcasting Authority</a> law and Channel 2 officially became an independent channel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commercial_broadcasting">Commercial broadcasting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Channel_2_(Israel)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Commercial broadcasting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After seven years of experimental broadcasts, the bid to determine Channel 2's franchisees ended. The chosen companies were "<a href="/wiki/Keshet_Media_Group" title="Keshet Media Group">Keshet</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Reshet" title="Reshet">Reshet</a>", and "<a href="/wiki/Telad" title="Telad">Telad</a>". The bid ended on 3 November 1993. In parallel, <a href="/wiki/Israeli_News_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli News Company">Channel 2's news company</a> was founded. </p><p>On 4 November 1993, Channel 2 started broadcasting as a commercial channel that is not funded by a <a href="/wiki/Tv_tax" class="mw-redirect" title="Tv tax">TV tax</a> and aired commercials. The <a href="/wiki/Israel_Television_News_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Israel Television News Company">news company</a> opened the broadcast with a short news briefing with <a href="/wiki/Ya%27akov_Eilon" title="Ya'akov Eilon">Ya'akov Eilon</a>. The three franchisees got a contract for six years and later, it was extended to another six years. The channel became quickly the most watched channel in Israel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_bid">Second bid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Channel_2_(Israel)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Second bid"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2005, 12 years after Channel 2 started broadcasting, the <a href="/wiki/Second_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Authority">Second Authority</a> did another bid for only two franchisees. All three existing franchisees of Channel 2 applied for the bid and also "Kan Group" which was founded for this bid and did not broadcast before. "Noga Tikshoret" applied for the bid first as an independent franchisee but then applied along with "<a href="/wiki/Reshet" title="Reshet">Reshet</a>" under the name "Reshet-Noga". On 13 April, "Keshet" and "Reshet" won the bid. In November 2005, "Telad" stopped its broadcasting on Channel 2 and the broadcasting week was filled by "Keshet" and "Reshet" broadcasting. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Switching_to_widescreen_and_HD_broadcasting">Switching to widescreen and HD broadcasting</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Channel_2_(Israel)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Switching to widescreen and HD broadcasting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since the end of 2012, Channel 2's franchisees started gradually changing their content to <a href="/wiki/Widescreen" title="Widescreen">widescreen format</a> and during 2013, "Keshet" started broadcasting in <a href="/wiki/16:9_aspect_ratio" title="16:9 aspect ratio">16:9 aspect ratio</a> and "Reshet" followed on later. Since 2014, most of both franchisees' contents were broadcast in <a href="/wiki/16:9" class="mw-redirect" title="16:9">16:9</a> although the <a href="/wiki/Israel_Television_News_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Israel Television News Company">News Company</a> kept broadcasting in <a href="/wiki/4:3" class="mw-redirect" title="4:3">4:3</a>, as well as old programs' reruns. </p><p>In 2010, "Reshet" asked the <a href="/wiki/Second_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Authority">Second Authority</a> for <a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">HD</a> broadcasting. The request was turned down because all commercial channels had to go through the <a href="/wiki/Second_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Authority">Second Authorities'</a> systems and they did not work with <a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">HD</a> broadcasts. Both of the franchisees did not broadcast in <a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">HD</a> before Channel 2's closure, although by that time, most of their productions were shot in <a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">HD</a> and were available to watch in <a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">HD</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Video_on_demand" title="Video on demand">VOD</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">internet</a>. </p><p>As a part of Channel 2's splitting in November 2017, "Keshet" and "Reshet" moved to broadcast in separate channels and one of the requirements to broadcast was that the broadcaster had to broadcast in <a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">HD</a> quality. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Channel_2's_splitting"><span id="Channel_2.27s_splitting"></span>Channel 2's splitting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Channel_2_(Israel)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Channel 2's splitting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2014, a bill to split Channel 2 and to end the franchise period in April 2015 was suggested and the broadcasters will broadcast in separate channels. "Keshet" and "Reshet" declared that they prefer to keep broadcasting in Channel 2 until 2017. Eventually, the bill did not pass. </p><p>On 26 April 2017, "Keshet" and "Reshet" declared that from November 2017 "Keshet" will broadcast in Channel 12, "Reshet" will broadcast in Channel 13 and Channel 22 will not be used for four months after the split. </p><p>On 31 October 2017, from 21:30 to midnight, "Keshet" did a broadcast to conclude Channel 2's broadcasts. The broadcast was conducted by <a href="/wiki/Erez_Tal" title="Erez Tal">Erez Tal</a> and many of Keshet's talents participated in it. A broadcasting hour was given to "Reshet" to say goodbye to Channel 2. </p><p>Before the split, the franchisees started promoting the new channels with their programs. Since the law that splits the channel, the franchisees started showing their logos in the bottom left corner of their broadcasts. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Israel_Television_News_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Israel Television News Company">news company</a> kept existing under the ownership of both franchisees until January 2019, when "<a href="/wiki/Reshet" title="Reshet">Reshet</a>" and <a href="/wiki/Channel_10_(Israel)" title="Channel 10 (Israel)">Channel 10</a> merged. Most of the news company's contents were broadcast in parallel on both channels except for the commercial breaks and the weather forecast's sponsorship ads. During the news company's broadcasts, the <a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A5:Ch2news_il.svg" class="extiw" title="he:קובץ:Ch2news il.svg">news company's logo</a> was shown under the channel's logo. </p><p>In order for "Reshet" and Channel 10 to merge, Reshet sold its share in the news company to "Keshet". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Effect_of_Channel_2's_splitting_on_Channel_10_and_33"><span id="Effect_of_Channel_2.27s_splitting_on_Channel_10_and_33"></span>Effect of Channel 2's splitting on Channel 10 and 33</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Channel_2_(Israel)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Effect of Channel 2's splitting on Channel 10 and 33"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Channel_10">Channel 10</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Channel_2_(Israel)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Channel 10"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition to Channel 2's splitting, Channel 10 has also moved to a different channel. Channel 10 won channel 14 in the bid for a price of one Shekel and 54 Agorot. The channel crowdfunded the purchase in a Headstart project. </p><p>On 19 September 2017, due to Channel 2's splitting and the move to channel 14, the channel rebranded to a verbal branding - "<a href="/wiki/Channel_Ten_(Israel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Channel Ten (Israel)">עשר (ten)</a>" - instead of the old channel's numerical branding. Less than one year after the split, "Reshet" and Channel 10's shareholders decided to merge; the merger became effective in January 2019. </p><p>Following the merger, the 14 channel number remained unused until late 2021, when <a href="/wiki/Channel_20_(Israel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Channel 20 (Israel)">Channel 20</a> moved to it. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Makan_33">Makan 33</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Channel_2_(Israel)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Makan 33"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although there is no connection between the commercial channels to <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Public_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation">IPBC</a>'s channels, Channel 2's split might affect the viewing habits of Israel's Arab citizens. In October 2017, the second authority decided to transfer Makan 33 to the second array of Idan+ (DVB-T2) and leave "<a href="/wiki/Keshet_12" class="mw-redirect" title="Keshet 12">Keshet 12</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Reshet_13" class="mw-redirect" title="Reshet 13">Reshet 13</a>" in the current array (DVB-T). The meaning is that viewers without an Idan+ receiver that supports DVB-T2, could not watch "<a href="/wiki/Makan_33" title="Makan 33">Makan 33</a>" after 1 November 2017. The reason for this decision is because of "Makan 33"'s low rating and since it broadcasts only for several hours each day. <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Public_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation">IPBC</a>'s chairman, Gil Omer resisted the decision.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In January 2025 the Second Authority announce the closure of DVB-T mux. All TV and radio channels that were available on the old DVB-T mux will be moved to DVB-Ts as on January 29, 2025. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Channel_2_(Israel)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/48px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/64px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Israel" title="Portal:Israel">Israel portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blank_television_set.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Blank_television_set.svg/32px-Blank_television_set.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Blank_television_set.svg/48px-Blank_television_set.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Blank_television_set.svg/64px-Blank_television_set.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="92" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Television" title="Portal:Television">Television portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_programs_broadcast_by_Channel_2_(Israel)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of programs broadcast by Channel 2 (Israel)">List of programs broadcast by Channel 2 (Israel)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_television_channels_in_Israel" title="List of television channels in Israel">List of television channels in Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keshet_12" class="mw-redirect" title="Keshet 12">Keshet 12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reshet_13" class="mw-redirect" title="Reshet 13">Reshet 13</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Channel_2_(Israel)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-jewishvirtuallibrary.org-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jewishvirtuallibrary.org_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Society_&_Culture/tv.html">Israeli Television and the National Agenda</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKamin2013" class="citation web cs1">Kamin, Debra (2 October 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2013/tv/global/keshet-two-decades-of-evolution-1200682870/">"Keshet: Two Decades of Evolution"</a>. Variety<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Keshet%3A+Two+Decades+of+Evolution&rft.pub=Variety&rft.date=2013-10-02&rft.aulast=Kamin&rft.aufirst=Debra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2013%2Ftv%2Fglobal%2Fkeshet-two-decades-of-evolution-1200682870%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChannel+2+%28Israel%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rashut2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rashut2_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rashut2.org.il/english_regulating_ch2.asp">"The Establishment of Channel 2"</a>. The Second Authority for Television and Radio<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Establishment+of+Channel+2&rft.pub=The+Second+Authority+for+Television+and+Radio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rashut2.org.il%2Fenglish_regulating_ch2.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChannel+2+%28Israel%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">2005 World Radio and Television Handbook, page 649</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3024507,00.html">"Channel 2"</a>. <i>Ynetnews</i>. 26 January 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ynetnews&rft.atitle=Channel+2&rft.date=2005-01-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ynetnews.com%2Farticles%2F0%2C7340%2CL-3024507%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChannel+2+%28Israel%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-masstech-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-masstech_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120426001841/http://masstech.com/2011/08/channel-2-israel-deploys-masstech%E2%80%99s-topazxt-mam-system-to-support-digital-workflow/">"Channel 2 Israel deploys Masstech's TOPAZ+XT MAM system to support digital workflow"</a> (Press release). Masstech. 3 August 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://masstech.com/2011/08/channel-2-israel-deploys-masstech%E2%80%99s-topazxt-mam-system-to-support-digital-workflow/">the original</a> on 26 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Channel+2+Israel+deploys+Masstech%27s+TOPAZ%2BXT+MAM+system+to+support+digital+workflow&rft.pub=Masstech&rft.date=2011-08-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmasstech.com%2F2011%2F08%2Fchannel-2-israel-deploys-masstech%25E2%2580%2599s-topazxt-mam-system-to-support-digital-workflow%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChannel+2+%28Israel%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Channel_2_(Israel)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"><img alt="Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Television_in_Israel" title="Television in Israel">Television in Israel</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multichannel television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Governing bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cable_and_Satellite_broadcasting_council" class="mw-redirect" title="Cable and Satellite broadcasting council">Cable and Satellite broadcasting council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Broadcasting organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hot_(Israel)" title="Hot (Israel)">HOT</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hot_(Israel)#Prominent_TV_channels_on_HOT" title="Hot (Israel)">HOT's channels</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yes_(Israel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yes (Israel)">yes</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yes_(Israel)#Channels_list" class="mw-redirect" title="Yes (Israel)">yes's channels</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Broadcasting channels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Channel_9_(Israel)" title="Channel 9 (Israel)">Channel 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channel_24_(Israel)" title="Channel 24 (Israel)">Channel 24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hala_TV" title="Hala TV">Hala TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcala_TV" title="Calcala TV">Calcala TV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Public_broadcasting" title="Public broadcasting">Public stations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Governing bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_Public_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation">Kan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Israel" title="Cabinet of Israel">Government of Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education_(Israel)" title="Ministry of Education (Israel)">Ministry of Education</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Broadcasting channels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kan_11" title="Kan 11">Kan 11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makan_33" title="Makan 33">Makan 33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knesset_Channel" title="Knesset Channel">Knesset Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kan_Educational" title="Kan Educational">Kan Educational</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Commercial_broadcasting" title="Commercial broadcasting">Commercial stations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Governing bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Second_Authority_for_Television_and_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="The Second Authority for Television and Radio">The Second Authority for Television and Radio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Broadcasting channels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Channel_12_(Israel)" title="Channel 12 (Israel)">Keshet 12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channel_13_(Israel)" title="Channel 13 (Israel)">Reshet 13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channel_14_(Israel)" title="Channel 14 (Israel)">Now 14</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532517#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata600" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532517#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata600" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532517#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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