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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">symud i'r bar ochr</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Panel llywio </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hafan" title="Ymweld â'r Hafan [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Hafan</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wicipedia:Porth_y_Gymuned" title="Pethau i'w gwneud, adnoddau a thudalennau'r gymuned"><span>Porth y Gymuned</span></a></li><li id="n-cafe" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wicipedia:Y_Caffi"><span>Y Caffi</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Categori:Materion_cyfoes" title="Gwybodaeth yn gysylltiedig â materion cyfoes"><span>Materion cyfoes</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:RecentChanges" title="Rhestr y newidiadau diweddar ar y wici. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Newidiadau diweddar</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:Random" title="Llwytho tudalen ar hap [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Erthygl ar hap</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wicipedia:Cymorth" title="Tudalennau cymorth"><span>Cymorth</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Hafan" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wicipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-cy.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-cy.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Chwilio Wicipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Chwilio</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Chwilio Wicipedia" aria-label="Chwilio Wicipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Chwilio Wicipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Arbennig:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Chwilio</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Offer personol"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Gwedd"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Newidiwch ymddangosiad maint ffont, lled a lliw y dudalen" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gwedd" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gwedd</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cy.wikipedia.org&uselang=cy" class=""><span>Rhoi</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:CreateAccount&returnto=Ffosffad" title="Rydym yn argymell eich bod yn creu cyfri ac yn menwgofnodi. Fodd bynnag, dydy hyn ddim yn orfodol" class=""><span>Creu cyfrif</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:UserLogin&returnto=Ffosffad" title="Fe'ch anogir i fewngofnodi, er nad oes rhaid gwneud. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Mewngofnodi</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Rhagor o opsiynau" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Offer personol" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Offer personol</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Dewislen defnyddiwr" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cy.wikipedia.org&uselang=cy"><span>Rhoi</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:CreateAccount&returnto=Ffosffad" title="Rydym yn argymell eich bod yn creu cyfri ac yn menwgofnodi. Fodd bynnag, dydy hyn ddim yn orfodol"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Creu cyfrif</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:UserLogin&returnto=Ffosffad" title="Fe'ch anogir i fewngofnodi, er nad oes rhaid gwneud. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Mewngofnodi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tudalennau ar gyfer golygyddion allgofnodedig <a href="/wiki/Cymorth:Cyflwyniad" aria-label="Dysgu mwy am olygu"><span>dysgu mwy</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:MyContributions" title="Rhestr golygiadau o'r cyfeiriad IP hwn [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Cyfraniadau</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:MyTalk" title="Sgwrs ynglŷn â golygiadau o'r cyfeiriad IP hwn [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Sgwrs</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Safle"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Cynnwys" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Cynnwys</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">symud i'r bar ochr</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Y dechrau</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Ffynonellau_diwydiannol_ffosffad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ffynonellau_diwydiannol_ffosffad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Ffynonellau diwydiannol ffosffad</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ffynonellau_diwydiannol_ffosffad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ffosffad_mewn_pethau_byw" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ffosffad_mewn_pethau_byw"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ffosffad mewn pethau byw</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ffosffad_mewn_pethau_byw-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ffosffad_fel_llygredd_yr_amgylchedd" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ffosffad_fel_llygredd_yr_amgylchedd"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ffosffad fel llygredd yr amgylchedd</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ffosffad_fel_llygredd_yr_amgylchedd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cyfeiriadau" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cyfeiriadau"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Cyfeiriadau</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cyfeiriadau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cynnwys" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toglo'r tabl cynnwys" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toglo'r tabl cynnwys</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ffosffad</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ewch i erthygl mewn iaith arall. Ar gael mewn 73 iaith" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-73" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">73 iaith</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfaat" title="Fosfaat - Affricaneg" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Fosfaat" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Affricaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="فوسفات - Arabeg" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فوسفات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="فوسفات - Arabeg yr Aifft" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فوسفات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arabeg yr Aifft" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfatu" title="Fosfatu - Astwrianeg" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Fosfatu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Astwrianeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfat" title="Fosfat - Aserbaijaneg" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fosfat" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Aserbaijaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="فوسفات - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فوسفات" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Фасфаты - Belarwseg" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Фасфаты" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarwseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Фосфат - Bwlgareg" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фосфат" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bwlgareg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfat" title="Fosfat - Bosnieg" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Fosfat" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfat" title="Fosfat - Catalaneg" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fosfat" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfore%C4%8Dnany" title="Fosforečnany - Tsieceg" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Fosforečnany" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsieceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfat" title="Fosfat - Daneg" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Fosfat" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Daneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphate" title="Phosphate - Almaeneg" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Phosphate" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almaeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CF%89%CF%83%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC" title="Φωσφορικά - Groeg" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φωσφορικά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Groeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphate" title="Phosphate - Saesneg" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Phosphate" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Saesneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfato" title="Fosfato - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fosfato" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfato" title="Fosfato - Sbaeneg" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fosfato" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sbaeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfaadid" title="Fosfaadid - Estoneg" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Fosfaadid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estoneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfato" title="Fosfato - Basgeg" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Fosfato" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="فسفات - Perseg" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فسفات" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfaatti" title="Fosfaatti - Ffinneg" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Fosfaatti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Ffinneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfat" title="Fosfat - Ffaröeg" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Fosfat" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Ffaröeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphate" title="Phosphate - Ffrangeg" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Phosphate" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Ffrangeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfaat" title="Fosfaat - Ffriseg Gogleddol" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Fosfaat" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Ffriseg Gogleddol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosf%C3%A1it" title="Fosfáit - Gwyddeleg" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Fosfáit" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Gwyddeleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfato" title="Fosfato - Galisieg" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Fosfato" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%97%D7%94" title="זרחה - Hebraeg" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="זרחה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebraeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F" title="फॉस्फेट - Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="फॉस्फेट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfati" title="Fosfati - Croateg" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Fosfati" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croateg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foszf%C3%A1tion" title="Foszfátion - Hwngareg" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Foszfátion" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hwngareg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ortofosfat" title="Ortofosfat - Indoneseg" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ortofosfat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indoneseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfato" title="Fosfato - Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Fosfato" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfato" title="Fosfato - Eidaleg" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fosfato" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Eidaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E9%85%B8%E5%A1%A9" title="リン酸塩 - Japaneeg" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リン酸塩" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japaneeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfat" title="Fosfat - Jafanaeg" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Fosfat" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jafanaeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ფოსფატი - Georgeg" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფოსფატი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Фосфаттар - Casacheg" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Фосфаттар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Casacheg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%95%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F" title="ផូស្វាត - Chmereg" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ផូស្វាត" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Chmereg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%EC%82%B0%EC%97%BC" title="인산염 - Coreeg" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="인산염" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Coreeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphatum" title="Phosphatum - Lladin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Phosphatum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Lladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfatai" title="Fosfatai - Lithwaneg" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Fosfatai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithwaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosf%C4%81ti" title="Fosfāti - Latfieg" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Fosfāti" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latfieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B4sfaty" title="Fôsfaty - Malagaseg" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fôsfaty" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagaseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Фосфат - Macedoneg" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Фосфат" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedoneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F" title="फॉस्फेट - Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="फॉस्फेट" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfat" title="Fosfat - Maleieg" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Fosfat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfaat" title="Fosfaat - Iseldireg" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fosfaat" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Iseldireg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfat" title="Fosfat - Norwyeg Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fosfat" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwyeg Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfat" title="Fosfat - Norwyeg Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fosfat" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwyeg Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfat" title="Fosfat - Ocsitaneg" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Fosfat" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ocsitaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosforany" title="Fosforany - Pwyleg" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Fosforany" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pwyleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfato" title="Fosfato - Portiwgaleg" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fosfato" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portiwgaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfat" title="Fosfat - Rwmaneg" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fosfat" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rwmaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Фосфаты - Rwseg" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фосфаты" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rwseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B4" title="ᱯᱷᱚᱥᱯᱷᱮᱴ - Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱯᱷᱚᱥᱯᱷᱮᱴ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfat" title="Fosfat - Serbo-Croateg" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Fosfat" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croateg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphate" title="Phosphate - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Phosphate" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfore%C4%8Dnan" title="Fosforečnan - Slofaceg" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Fosforečnan" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slofaceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfat" title="Fosfat - Slofeneg" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Fosfat" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slofeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfat" title="Fosfat - Serbeg" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Fosfat" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfat" title="Fosfat - Swedeg" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fosfat" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%95" title="ฟอสเฟต - Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฟอสเฟต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfat" title="Fosfat - Tyrceg" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fosfat" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tyrceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Фосфати - Wcreineg" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фосфати" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Wcreineg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%B9" title="فاسفیٹ - Wrdw" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فاسفیٹ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Wrdw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfatlar" title="Fosfatlar - Wsbeceg" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fosfatlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Wsbeceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphat" title="Phosphat - Fietnameg" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phosphat" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Fietnameg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfoat" title="Fosfoat - Fflemeg Gorllewinol" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Fosfoat" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="Fflemeg Gorllewinol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphat" title="Phosphat - Winarayeg" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Phosphat" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Winarayeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="磷酸盐 - Wu Tsieineaidd" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="磷酸盐" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tsieineaidd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ფოსფატეფი - Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ფოსფატეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8%E9%B9%BD" title="磷酸鹽 - Tsieinëeg" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="磷酸鹽" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tsieinëeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8%E9%B9%BD" title="磷酸鹽 - Cantoneeg" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="磷酸鹽" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantoneeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q46220103#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Golygu dolenni rhyngwici" class="wbc-editpage">Golygu dolenni</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Parthau"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ffosffad" title="Gweld y dudalen bwnc [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Erthygl</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sgwrs:Ffosffad&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Sgwrsio am y dudalen (dim tudalen ar gael) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Sgwrs</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Newid amrywiad iaith" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Cymraeg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Golygon"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ffosffad"><span>Darllen</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ffosffad&veaction=edit" title="Golygu'r dudalen hon [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Golygu</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ffosffad&action=edit" title="Golygu cod ffynhonnell y dudalen hon [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Golygu cod</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ffosffad&action=history" title="Fersiynau cynt o'r dudalen hon. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Gweld hanes</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Offer tudalen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Blwch offer" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Blwch offer</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Blwch offer</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">symud i'r bar ochr</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Rhagor o opsiynau" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Gweithredoedd </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ffosffad"><span>Darllen</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ffosffad&veaction=edit" title="Golygu'r dudalen hon [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Golygu</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ffosffad&action=edit" title="Golygu cod ffynhonnell y dudalen hon [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Golygu cod</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ffosffad&action=history"><span>Gweld hanes</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cyffredinol </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:WhatLinksHere/Ffosffad" title="Rhestr o bob tudalen sy'n cysylltu â hon [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Beth sy'n cysylltu yma</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:RecentChangesLinked/Ffosffad" rel="nofollow" title="Newidiadau diweddar i dudalennau sydd yn cysylltu â hon [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Newidiadau perthnasol</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:SpecialPages" title="Rhestr o'r holl dudalennau arbennig [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Tudalennau arbennig</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ffosffad&oldid=11760000" title="Dolen barhaol i'r fersiwn hwn y dudalen hon"><span>Dolen barhaol</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ffosffad&action=info" title="Mwy o wybodaeth am y dudalen hon"><span>Gwybodaeth am y dudalen</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:CiteThisPage&page=Ffosffad&id=11760000&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Gwybodaeth ar sut i gyfeirio at y dudalen hon"><span>Cyfeirio at y dudalen hon</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFfosffad"><span>Cael URL byr</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFfosffad"><span>Lawrlwytho cod QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Argraffu / allforio </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Ffosffad"><span>Llunio llyfr</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:DownloadAsPdf&page=Ffosffad&action=show-download-screen"><span>Lawrlwytho fel PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ffosffad&printable=yes" title="Cynhyrchwch fersiwn o'r dudalen yn barod at ei hargraffu [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Fersiwn argraffu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Mewn prosiectau eraill </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Phosphates" hreflang="en"><span>Comin Wikimedia</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q46220103" title="Cysylltu i eitem ystorfa gysylltiedig [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Eitem Wicidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Offer tudalen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Gwedd"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gwedd</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">symud i'r bar ochr</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Oddi ar Wicipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cy" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><caption>Ffosffad</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8E.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8E.jpg/220px-%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8E.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8E.jpg/330px-%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8E.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8E.jpg/440px-%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8E.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1707" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Enghraifft o'r canlynol</th><td>dosbarth strwythurol cyfansoddion cemegol <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46220103?uselang=cy#P31" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Math</th><td>phosphorus compound, oxygen compound <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46220103?uselang=cy#P279" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Rhan o</th><td>phosphate-containing compound metabolic process, sodium:phosphate symporter activity, phosphate:proton symporter activity <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46220103?uselang=cy#P361" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Tudalen Comin"><img alt="Tudalen Comin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Phosphates" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Phosphates">Ffeiliau perthnasol ar Gomin Wicimedia</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Cemeg" title="Cemeg">Cemegyn</a> ac ion <a href="/wiki/Cemeg_anorganig" title="Cemeg anorganig">anorganig</a> yw <b>ffosffad</b> (PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>). Halen <a href="/wiki/Asid_ffosfforig" title="Asid ffosfforig">asid ffosfforig</a>, wedi'i nodweddi gan atom o <a href="/wiki/Ffosfforws" title="Ffosfforws">ffosfforws</a>. Oherwydd ei natur dra adweithiol, ar y ffurf yma wedi'i glymu ag <a href="/wiki/Ocsigen" title="Ocsigen">ocsigen</a> (wedi'i ocsideiddio) y mae'r <a href="/wiki/Elfen_gemegol" title="Elfen gemegol">elfen</a> ffosfforws yn bodoli mewn natur bron yn ddieithriad. (Pan nad yw wedi ïoneiddio, ffurfia <a href="/wiki/Asid_ffosfforig" title="Asid ffosfforig">asid ffosfforig</a> (H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>).) Mewn <a href="/wiki/Cemeg_organig" title="Cemeg organig">cemeg organig</a> gall ffosffad ffurfio esterau gyda chyfansoddion eraill. Mae esterau (ac anhydradau asid) ffosffad yn hollbwysig mewn <a href="/wiki/Biocemeg" title="Biocemeg">biocemeg</a> a gweithgaredd cemegol <a href="/wiki/Bywyd" title="Bywyd">bywyd</a>.  Mae patrwm ïoneiddio ffosffad, er yn syml, yn cyfrannu'n sylweddol i'r hyn y galwn yn fywyd. Enghraifft o hyn yw'r modd y mae yn cadw <a href="/wiki/PH" title="PH">pH</a> <a href="/wiki/Cell_(bioleg)" title="Cell (bioleg)">celloedd</a> (yn arbennig y cytoplasm) yn gyson (byffer). Heb hwn ni fyddai modd i <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">broteinau</a> gweithredu fel <a href="/wiki/Ensym" title="Ensym">ensymau</a>. Fel arfer mae'r ffosffad biolegol yn bodoli mewn ffurf wedi'i glymu a moleciwl <a href="/wiki/Cemeg_organig" title="Cemeg organig">organig</a> (hy. yn cynnwys <a href="/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon">carbon</a>) trwy fond <a href="/wiki/Ester" title="Ester">ester</a>, er bod bondiau asid anhydrid yn nodweddi prosesau sy'n ymwneud ag egni (ee. ATP a 1,3 diffosffoglycerad yng nglycolysis). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ffynonellau_diwydiannol_ffosffad">Ffynonellau diwydiannol ffosffad</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ffosffad&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Golygu'r adran: Ffynonellau diwydiannol ffosffad" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ffosffad&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Ffynonellau diwydiannol ffosffad"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>O amaethyddiaeth y daw'r galw diwydiannol fwyaf am ffosffad. Yn ddiarwybod iddynt, ers cyfnod yr hen Eifftiaid bu ffermwyr yn rhoi tail neu mineralau yn ei gynnwys ar gnydau i'w hysgogi<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Ar ôl darganfyddiad bodolaeth, ac yna phwysigrwydd, ffosfforws aethpwyd ati i ddefnyddio wrin (troeth) ac esgyrn fel ffynhonnell. Yn 1802 darganfuwyd tomennydd enfawr o faw adar yn ne America gan Alexander von Humboldt (yn anturiaethwr gwyddonol o'r Almaen) ac fe aeth ati i astudio ei gwerth fel cwrtaith. Roedd brodorion y cyfandir eisoes yn gyfarwydd â'i briodoleddau ac mi ddaw'r enw amdano, Giwana (<i>Guano</i>) (cyfarwydd iawn yng Nghymru), o'r enw Quechua (<i>wanu</i>) am unrhyw faw anifail a ddefnyddid fel cwrtaith. Erbyn canol y ganrif roedd diwydiant allforio mawr wedi tyfu<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Erbyn diwedd yr 19 ganrif roedd mwyngloddio creigiau ffosffad wedi cymryd lle giwana fel prif ffynhonnell ffosfforws diwydiannol, ond erys galw sy'n cynyddu'n ddiweddar amdano o du amaethwyr "organig"<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Ers yr 1890au mwyngloddio creigiau ffosffad anorganig bu brif ffynhonnell yr elfen. Ar ffurf (amhur) ffosffad <a href="/wiki/Calsiwm" title="Calsiwm">calsiwm</a> (apatit) y mae'r rhan fwyaf ohono. Fe'i ffurfiwyd o waddodion morol dros filiynau o flynyddoedd cyn dod i'r wyneb drwy symudiadau <a href="/wiki/Tectoneg_platiau" title="Tectoneg platiau">tectonig</a> y ddaear. Yn yr <a href="/wiki/Unol_Daleithiau_America" title="Unol Daleithiau America">Unol Daleithiau</a> cychwynnodd y diwydiant, ond mae bellach cyflenwadau sylweddol ohono yn <a href="/wiki/Tsieina" title="Tsieina">Tsieina</a> a <a href="/wiki/Rwsia" title="Rwsia">Rwsia</a>. Ond o bwys yn yr hinsawdd geo-wleidyddol bresennol yw bod tua hanner cyflenwad y byd i'w canfod mewn gwledydd arabaidd<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> , yn bennaf <a href="/wiki/Moroco" title="Moroco">Moroco</a>, lle mae dros 70% ar hyn o bryd. Nid yw'r broses o fwyngloddio yn garedig i'r amgylchedd am sawl reswm. Un yw presenoldeb <a href="/wiki/Metel" title="Metel">metalau</a> trwm gwenwynig (Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu, Cr ac U) yn y creigiau. Mae hanes gwlad-ynys fechan <a href="/wiki/Nawrw" title="Nawrw">Nawrw</a> (y drydedd lleiaf yn y byd, ar ôl y <a href="/wiki/Y_Fatican" title="Y Fatican">Fatican</a> a <a href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</a>) yn enghraifft o'r ddilema wleidyddol-fasnachol. Am rai degawdau ar ôl yr ail ryfel byd roedd gan y brodorion un o safonau byw ucha'r <a href="/wiki/Y_Cefnfor_Tawel" title="Y Cefnfor Tawel">Môr Tawel</a>, ac yn y 1960au hwyr a'r 1970au cynnar roedd gan ei phoblogaeth o ryw 10,000 yr incwm yn ôl y pen uchaf o unrhyw wlad yn yr holl fyd. Erbyn 2000 roedd y mwyn wedi'i llwyr disbyddu. O 2001 i 2007 bu'r ynys yn ddibynnol ar gytundeb i gynnar carchar ar gyfer Llywodraeth <a href="/wiki/Awstralia" title="Awstralia">Awstralia</a>. Gyda 10% o'r boblogaeth yn dibynnu arno, daeth tlodi yn sgil ei gai yn 2008 ac fe'i ail hagorwyd yn garchar i <a href="/wiki/Ffoadur" title="Ffoadur">ymgeiswyr lloches</a> yn 2012<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Dadla rhai na fydd cyflenwadau cyfleus (sef rhâd) mwyn ffosffad yn para'n hir i'r dyfodol, gan ddylanwadi'n sylweddol ar <a href="/wiki/Amaeth" title="Amaeth">amaethyddiaeth</a> (ac, felly, prisiau bwyd). Yn 2011, dadleuodd Carpenter a Bennett<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> y byddai prinder byd eang ohono erbyn 2040. Bu cryn gyhoeddusrwydd i hyn yn y wasg gyda chymharu "brig ffosfforws"<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> gyda'r "brig olew"<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> - y gred lle yr ydym wedi pasio'r foment o gynhyrchu mwyaf y sylweddau. O hyn allan byddant yn brinnach. Yn sicr, er bod ffosfforws yn un o'r elfennau mwyaf cyffredin mewn creigiau (0.1%<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) mae wedi’i gwasgaru'n denau. Mae ein harfer o amaeth diwydiannol presennol yn dibynnu ar <i>crynodiadau</i> uchel ohono. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ffosffad_mewn_pethau_byw">Ffosffad mewn pethau byw</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ffosffad&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Golygu'r adran: Ffosffad mewn pethau byw" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ffosffad&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Ffosffad mewn pethau byw"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Bone_normal_and_degraded_micro_structure.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Bone_normal_and_degraded_micro_structure.jpg/220px-Bone_normal_and_degraded_micro_structure.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Bone_normal_and_degraded_micro_structure.jpg/330px-Bone_normal_and_degraded_micro_structure.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Bone_normal_and_degraded_micro_structure.jpg/440px-Bone_normal_and_degraded_micro_structure.jpg 2x" data-file-width="735" data-file-height="739" /></a><figcaption>Fframwaith hydrocsiapatit (calsiwm ffosffad) mewn asgwrn. (Normal ar y chwith, Treuliwyd ar y dde)</figcaption></figure> <p>Mae ffosffad yn bresennol ym mhopeth byw at y ddaear ac nid oes modd cynnal bywyd hebddo. Mae'n chwarae rôl hollbwysig ym mhrosesau <a href="/wiki/Biocemeg" title="Biocemeg">biocemeg</a> rheoli ac egnio <a href="/wiki/Bywydeg" title="Bywydeg">bywyd</a>. Mae'n debyg iddo chwarae rhan holl bwysig wrth i fywyd ffurfio (abiogenesis) tua phedwar biliwn (mil miliwn) o flynyddoedd yn ôl. Datgelir hyn heddiw yn ei rôl greiddiol mewn <a href="/wiki/Asid_niwcl%C3%ABig" title="Asid niwclëig">asidau niwclëig</a> (<a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> ac <a href="/wiki/RNA" title="RNA">RNA</a>) a'r ffosffolipidau sy'n ffurfio <a href="/wiki/Cellbilen" title="Cellbilen">pilen</a> pob <a href="/wiki/Cell_(bioleg)" title="Cell (bioleg)">cell</a> - ddwy gydran hanfodol i fywyd. Mae'n rhan hollbwysig a gweithredol o'r moleciwl ATP sy'n ganolog i gyfundrefn egni bywyd at y ddaear. Mae'n debygol fod adweithiau’r moleciwl hwn (sef ATP) a'u gwreiddiau yn y byd abiotig<sup id="cite_ref-Ralser_2014_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ralser_2014-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Yn <a href="/wiki/Ecosystem" title="Ecosystem">ecosystemau</a> dŵr croyw (hy. nid ecosystemau'r moroedd hallt) mae'n debyg mae ffynhonnell ffosffad yw'r brif factor (heblaw am <a href="/wiki/D%C5%B5r" title="Dŵr">ddŵr</a>) sy'n terfynu’r biomas (sef pa faint o fywyd y medrid ei gynnal). Cyflwynwyd syniad "Ddeddf y lleiafswm" gan Carl Sprengel<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (1828) a'i boblogeiddio gan Justus von Liebig. (Fe'i gelwir yn aml "Ddeddf Liebig" o'r herwydd.) I ddynoliaeth, mae hwn yn allweddol wrth ystyried pa faint o gynnyrch <a href="/wiki/Amaeth" title="Amaeth">amaethyddol</a> y medrid ei gynhyrchu ar unrhyw dir. Ffactor bwysig iawn wrth i boblogaeth y byd dal i gynyddu o'r 7.3 biliwn presennol i'r 9.7 biliwn y disgwylid<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> yn 2050. (Yn y moroedd, mae'n debyg mai cemegolion <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">nitrogen</a> sy'n chwarae'r un rôl terfynu.) </p><p>Disgwylir i'r galw blynyddol am wrtaith ffosffad <a href="/wiki/Amaeth" title="Amaeth">amaethyddiaeth</a> y byd fod yn 46,648,000 tunnell (fel P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) yn 2018<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (16,242,000 tun ohono yn nwyrain <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>). Ceir ddefnydd eang o wrtaith "NPK". Cyfeiria'r llythrennau at y maethynnau <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">nitrogen</a> (N), ffosfforws (P) a <a href="/wiki/Potasiwm" title="Potasiwm">photasiwm</a> (K). Mae confensiwn i ddisgrifio cynnwys yr hyn a fasnachir (ee. 10-10-10 a 16-4-8). Dyma ganradd cynnwys y tair <a href="/wiki/Elfen_gemegol" title="Elfen gemegol">elfen</a>. Yn ôl confensiwn, cyfrifir y ddau olaf fel P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> a K<sub>2</sub>O (er nad ydy'r cyfansoddion adweithiol iawn hyn yn y cymysgedd). </p><p>Mae bywyd yn dibynnu ar reolaeth lwyr o'r holl brosesau biofoleciwlar. Gellir ystyried hyn yn rhan o ddiffiniad bywyd. Digwydd ar sawl lefel ac mae ffosffad yn chwarae rhan yn nifer ohonynt. Sonnir uchod am ei rôl yng nghyfundrefn <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a>/<a href="/wiki/RNA" title="RNA">RNA</a> (rheoli trawsgrifio a throsi <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">proteinau</a>) ond hefyd chwara rhan wrth reoli <a href="/wiki/Ensym" title="Ensym">ensymau</a> yn uniongyrchol. Yn aml iawn fe gynnir a ddiffoddir actifedd ensym trwy ei gyfuno a a'i ryddhau oddi wrth ffosffad (megis switsh). Fel rheol trosglwyddir y ffosffad i'r protein o ATP trwy gyfrwng ensymau Cinas ac fe'i rhyddheir gan ensymau Ffosffatas. Mae cannoedd o wahanol fathau o'r rhain mewn celloedd (tua 500 yn y genom dynol) - ac mae eu deall yn destun ymchwil allweddol i ddeall clefydau megis <a href="/wiki/Cancr" class="mw-redirect" title="Cancr">cancr</a> - heb son am sut y maent yn cynnal y corff iach. </p><p>At lefel mwy macrosgobig, ffosffad (ynghyd â <a href="/wiki/Calsiwm" title="Calsiwm">chalsiwm</a>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>) yw brif gynhwysiad <a href="/wiki/Asgwrn" title="Asgwrn">esgyrn</a> a <a href="/wiki/Dant" title="Dant">dannedd</a>. Mae anghytbwysedd batholegol yn lefel ffosffad yn y corff ddynol (hyper- a hypo-ffosffademia) yn arwain at anhwylderau<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Daw ymddygiad gwenynig drwgenwog "<a href="/wiki/Arsenig" title="Arsenig">Arsenig</a>" (fel arfer ar ffurf arsenad) yn rhannol oherwydd ei berthynas (grŵp 15) a ffosfforws. Mae arsenad yn "edrych" ac yn ymddwyn yn debyg iawn i ffosffad i nifer o <a href="/wiki/Ensym" title="Ensym">ensymau</a> hanfodol i fywyd. Ar yr un trywydd, yn 2010 ymddangosodd adroddiad safonol (yn <i>Science</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> yn honni darganfod <a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">bacteriwm</a> oedd yn defnyddio arsenad yn lle ffosffad mewn <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a>. Camgymeriad oedd hwn<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ffosffad_fel_llygredd_yr_amgylchedd">Ffosffad fel llygredd yr amgylchedd</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ffosffad&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Golygu'r adran: Ffosffad fel llygredd yr amgylchedd" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ffosffad&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Ffosffad fel llygredd yr amgylchedd"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ers y 1960au sylweddolwyd bod defnydd diwydiannol dynoliaeth o ffosffad yn arwain at broblemau yn yr amgylchedd<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Oherwydd ei ddawn i fagu tyfiant (Deddf y lleiafswm, gw. uchod) mae gormodedd o ffosffad yn yr amgylchedd yn aml yn creu anghydbwysedd <a href="/wiki/Ecoleg" title="Ecoleg">ecolegol</a>. Enghraifft o hyn yw <a href="/wiki/Ewtroffigedd" title="Ewtroffigedd">Ewtroffigedd</a> mewn dyfroedd, pryd mae gormod o dyfiant micro-organebau (megis <a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">bacteria</a> ac algâu) yn sugno cymaint o <a href="/wiki/Ocsigen" title="Ocsigen">ocsigen</a> o'r <a href="/wiki/D%C5%B5r" title="Dŵr">dŵr</a> (wrth ei ddefnyddio mewn <a href="/wiki/Resbiradu" title="Resbiradu">resbiradaeth</a>) fel y bo <a href="/wiki/Organeb_byw" title="Organeb byw">organebau</a> sy'n ddibynnol ar yr <a href="/wiki/Ocsigen" title="Ocsigen">ocsigen</a> hwnnw yn marw. Mae pydru'r cyrff marw yn rhyddhau fwy o ffosffad ac yn creu cylch dieflig. </p><p>Un ffordd ymarferol o leihau llygredd ffosffad yn yr amgylchedd oedd ei wahardd o sebonau (<i>detergents</i>). Daeth gwaharddiad o'i ddefnydd mewn sebonau dillad i rym yn yr <a href="/wiki/Yr_Undeb_Ewropeaidd" title="Yr Undeb Ewropeaidd">Undeb Ewropeaidd</a> ym Mehefin 2013, ac mewn sebonau golchi llestri yn Ionawr 2017<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.  Mae nifer o wledydd ynghyd â sawl talaith yn yr <a href="/wiki/Unol_Daleithiau_America" title="Unol Daleithiau America">UDA</a> hefyd wedi gwahardd eu gwahardd mewn gwahanol ffyrdd.  </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cyfeiriadau">Cyfeiriadau</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ffosffad&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Golygu'r adran: Cyfeiriadau" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ffosffad&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Cyfeiriadau"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color: var(--color-progressive--active, #233566);">(Saesneg)</span> Heinrich W. Scherer. "Fertilizers" in <i>Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry</i>. 2000, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a href="//doi.org/10.1002/14356007.a10_323.pub3" class="extiw" title="doi:10.1002/14356007.a10 323.pub3">10.1002/14356007.a10_323.pub3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color: var(--color-progressive--active, #233566);">(Saesneg)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.peruthisweek.com/blogs-history-of-the-peruvian-guano-industry-103794">http://www.peruthisweek.com/blogs-history-of-the-peruvian-guano-industry-103794</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161022190233/http://www.peruthisweek.com/blogs-history-of-the-peruvian-guano-industry-103794">Archifwyd</a> 2016-10-22 yn y <a href="/wiki/Peiriant_Wayback" title="Peiriant Wayback">Peiriant Wayback</a> Darllennwyd 17 Ebrill 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color: var(--color-progressive--active, #233566);">(Saesneg)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.historytoday.com/john-peter-olinger/guano-age-peru">http://www.historytoday.com/john-peter-olinger/guano-age-peru</a> (angen tanysgrifiad)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color: var(--color-progressive--active, #233566);">(Saesneg)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.organicfarming.com.au/product/guano/">http://www.organicfarming.com.au/product/guano/</a> Darllennwyd 17 Ebrill 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color: var(--color-progressive--active, #233566);">(Saesneg)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/phosphate_rock/">http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/phosphate_rock/</a> Darllennwyd 17 Ebrill 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color: var(--color-progressive--active, #233566);">(Saesneg)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/follow-fraser-not-howard-senate-told/news-story/5f9b57540d23b5f1f532cf1d4af61f9f">http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/follow-fraser-not-howard-senate-told/news-story/5f9b57540d23b5f1f532cf1d4af61f9f</a> <i>"Asylum bill passes parliament". <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Daily_Telegraph_(Australia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Daily Telegraph (Australia) (dim tudalen ar gael)">The Daily Telegraph</a>. 16 Awst 2012. Darllennwyd 17 Ebrill 2017.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color: var(--color-progressive--active, #233566);">(Saesneg)</span> <i>Carpenter S.R. & Bennett E.M. (2011). "Reconsideration of the planetary boundary for phosphorus". Environmental Research Letters. <b>6</b> (1): 1–12. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (dim tudalen ar gael)">Bibcode</a>:2011ERL.....6a4009C. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:10.1088/1748-9326/6/1/014009.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color: var(--color-progressive--active, #233566);">(Saesneg)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/pub/does-peak-phosphorus-loom">http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/pub/does-peak-phosphorus-loom</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170407052335/http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/pub/does-peak-phosphorus-loom">Archifwyd</a> 2017-04-07 yn y <a href="/wiki/Peiriant_Wayback" title="Peiriant Wayback">Peiriant Wayback</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color: var(--color-progressive--active, #233566);">(Saesneg)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.princeton.edu/hubbert/the-peak.html">https://www.princeton.edu/hubbert/the-peak.html</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170216230627/https://www.princeton.edu/hubbert/the-peak.html">Archifwyd</a> 2017-02-16 yn y <a href="/wiki/Peiriant_Wayback" title="Peiriant Wayback">Peiriant Wayback</a> Darllennwyd 17 Ebrill 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color: var(--color-progressive--active, #233566);">(Saesneg)</span> Greenwood, N. N.; & Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd Edn.), Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann. <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/0750633654" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7506-3365-4</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ralser_2014-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Ralser_2014_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color: var(--color-progressive--active, #233566);">(Saesneg)</span> <span class="citation Journal">Keller, Markus A.; Turchyn, Alexandra V.; Ralser, Markus (25 Mawrth 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4023395">"Non‐enzymatic glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway‐like reactions in a plausible Archean ocean"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molecular_Systems_Biology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molecular Systems Biology (dim tudalen ar gael)">Molecular Systems Biology</a></i> (Heidelberg, Germany: EMBO Press ar ran yr <a href="/w/index.php?title=European_Molecular_Biology_Organization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="European Molecular Biology Organization (dim tudalen ar gael)">European Molecular Biology Organization</a>) <b>10</b> (725). <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2Fmsb.20145228">10.1002/msb.20145228</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1744-4292">1744-4292</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Central&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Central (dim tudalen ar gael)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4023395/?tool=pmcentrez">4023395</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24771084">24771084</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4023395">http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4023395</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color: var(--color-progressive--active, #233566);">(Almaeneg)</span> <i>Die Lehre vom Dünger oder Beschreibung aller bei der Landwirthschaft gebräuchlicher vegetablilischer, animalischer und mineralischer Düngermaterialien, nebst Erklärung ihrer Wirkungsart</i>. Leipzig, 1839</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color: var(--color-progressive--active, #233566);">(Saesneg)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/news/population/2015-report.html">http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/news/population/2015-report.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color: var(--color-progressive--active, #233566);">(Saesneg)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.fao.org/3/a-i4324e.pdf">http://www.fao.org/3/a-i4324e.pdf</a> Darllennwyd 17 Ebrill 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color: var(--color-progressive--active, #233566);">(Saesneg)</span> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=1061&loc=ec_rcs">"Phosphates – PubChem Public Chemical Database"</a>. <i>The PubChem Project</i>. USA: National Center of Biotechnology Information.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+PubChem+Project&rft.atitle=Phosphates+%E2%80%93+PubChem+Public+Chemical+Database&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fsummary%2Fsummary.cgi%3Fcid%3D1061%26loc%3Dec_rcs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AFfosffad" class="Z3988"></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8312344">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color: var(--color-progressive--active, #233566);">(Saesneg)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21127214">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21127214</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color: var(--color-progressive--active, #233566);">(Saesneg)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://scienceblogs.com/webeasties/2010/12/05/guest-post-arsenate-based-dna/">http://scienceblogs.com/webeasties/2010/12/05/guest-post-arsenate-based-dna/</a> (er enghraifft) Darllennwyd 17 Ebrill 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color: var(--color-progressive--active, #233566);">(Saesneg)</span> Water Report: Eutrophication of water bodies: Insights for an age old problem. G. Fred Lee, Walter Rast, R. Anne Jones (1978) Environ. Sci. Technol., <u>12</u>, 900–908 DOI: 10.1021/es60144a606 <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es60144a606">http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es60144a606</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color: var(--color-progressive--active, #233566);">(Saesneg)</span> Comisiwn Ewrop (datganiad i'r wasg, Brwsel 14 Rhagfyr 2011) <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-11-1542_en.htm">http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-11-1542_en.htm</a> Darllenwyd Ebrill 25 2017</span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Wedi dod o "<a dir="ltr" href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ffosffad&oldid=11760000">https://cy.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ffosffad&oldid=11760000</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:Categories" title="Arbennig:Categories">Categorïau</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Biocemeg" title="Categori:Biocemeg">Biocemeg</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Ffosffadau" title="Categori:Ffosffadau">Ffosffadau</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categori cudd: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Tudalennau_gyda_meysydd_deublyg_yn_y_Nodion" title="Categori:Tudalennau gyda meysydd deublyg yn y Nodion">Tudalennau gyda meysydd deublyg yn y Nodion</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Categori:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Tudalennau_sy%27n_defnyddio_dolenni_hud_ISBN" title="Categori:Tudalennau sy'n defnyddio dolenni hud ISBN">Tudalennau sy'n defnyddio dolenni hud ISBN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Erthyglau_gyda_gwybodlen_yn_gyfan_gwbl_o_Wicidata" title="Categori:Erthyglau gyda gwybodlen yn gyfan gwbl o Wicidata">Erthyglau gyda gwybodlen yn gyfan gwbl o Wicidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Erthyglau_sy%27n_defnyddio_Nodyn_Gwybodlen_pethau_Wicidata" title="Categori:Erthyglau sy'n defnyddio Nodyn Gwybodlen pethau Wicidata">Erthyglau sy'n defnyddio Nodyn Gwybodlen pethau Wicidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Golygwyd y dudalen hon ddiwethaf ar 17 Ebrill 2023, am 21:33.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Mae'r testun ar gael o dan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; gall telerau ychwanegol fod yn berthnasol. 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