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class="mw-page-title-main">Max Mathews</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Max_Mathews_on_80th_birthday.jpg/290px-Max_Mathews_on_80th_birthday.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Max_Mathews_on_80th_birthday.jpg/435px-Max_Mathews_on_80th_birthday.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Max_Mathews_on_80th_birthday.jpg/580px-Max_Mathews_on_80th_birthday.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Max Mathews on his 80th birthday</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Max Vernon Mathews</b> (November 13, 1926 in <a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Nebraska" title="Columbus, Nebraska">Columbus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a>, US – April 21, 2011 in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">CA</a>, US) was an American pioneer of <a href="/wiki/Computer_music" title="Computer music">computer music</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Mathews&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mathews84Violin.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/78/Mathews84Violin.PNG/290px-Mathews84Violin.PNG" decoding="async" width="290" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/78/Mathews84Violin.PNG 1.5x" data-file-width="315" data-file-height="188" /></a><figcaption>Max Mathews playing one of the electronic violins he built, in his analog electronics lab at Bell Telephone Labs (c. 1970)</figcaption></figure><p> Max Vernon Mathews was born in Columbus, Nebraska, to two science schoolteachers. His father in particular taught physics, chemistry and biology in the Peru High School <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of Nebraska, where he was also the principal.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father allowed him to learn and play in the physics, biology and chemistry laboratories, where he enjoyed making lots of things from motors to mercury barometers. At the age of 9, when students are usually introduced to algebra, he started to study by himself the subject with few other students. That was because the vast majority of population there were farmers and their sons weren't interested about learning algebra, since it isn't useful for the everyday work. In the same way he studied calculus, but he never graduated from high school.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After a period as a radar repairman in the navy, where he fell in love with electronics, Mathews decided to study electrical engineering at the <a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology" title="California Institute of Technology">California Institute of Technology</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a>, receiving a <a href="/wiki/Sc.D." class="mw-redirect" title="Sc.D.">Sc.D.</a> in 1954. Working at <a href="/wiki/Bell_Labs" title="Bell Labs">Bell Labs</a>, Mathews wrote <a href="/wiki/MUSIC-N" title="MUSIC-N">MUSIC</a>, the first widely used program for sound generation, in 1957. For the rest of the century, he continued as a leader in digital <a href="/wiki/Sound_reproduction" class="mw-redirect" title="Sound reproduction">audio</a> research, <a href="/wiki/Sound_synthesis" class="mw-redirect" title="Sound synthesis">synthesis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Human-computer_interaction" class="mw-redirect" title="Human-computer interaction">human-computer interaction</a> as it pertains to music <a href="/wiki/Performance" title="Performance">performance</a>. In 1968, Mathews and L. Rosler developed <a href="/w/index.php?title=Graphic_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Graphic 1 (page does not exist)">Graphic 1</a>, an interactive <a href="/wiki/Graphical_sound" title="Graphical sound">graphical sound</a> system on which one could draw figures using a light-pen that would be converted into sound, simplifying the process of <a href="/wiki/Algorithmic_composition" title="Algorithmic composition">composing computer generated music</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-holmes2008_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-holmes2008-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-roads1980_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roads1980-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also in 1970, Mathews and F. R. Moore developed the <a href="/w/index.php?title=GROOVE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GROOVE (page does not exist)">GROOVE</a> (Generated Real-time Output Operations on Voltage-controlled Equipment) system,<sup id="cite_ref-groove_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-groove-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a first fully developed <a href="/wiki/Algorithmic_composition" title="Algorithmic composition">music synthesis</a> system for interactive composition and realtime performance, using 3C/<a href="/wiki/Honeywell" title="Honeywell">Honeywell</a> <a href="/wiki/DDP-24" title="DDP-24">DDP-24</a><sup id="cite_ref-vercoe_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vercoe-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (or DDP-224)<sup id="cite_ref-bogdanov2001_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bogdanov2001-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> minicomputers. It used a CRT display to simplify the management of music synthesis in realtime, 12bit D/A for realtime sound playback, an interface for analog devices, and even several controllers including a musical keyboard, knobs, and rotating <a href="/wiki/Joystick" title="Joystick">joysticks</a> to capture realtime performance.<sup id="cite_ref-holmes2008_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-holmes2008-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bogdanov2001_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bogdanov2001-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-roads1980_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roads1980-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although MUSIC was not the first attempt to generate sound with a computer (an Australian <a href="/wiki/CSIRAC" title="CSIRAC">CSIRAC</a> computer played tunes as early as 1951),<sup id="cite_ref-CSIRAC_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CSIRAC-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mathews fathered generations of digital music tools. He described his work in parental terms, in the following excerpt from "Horizons in Computer Music", March 8–9, 1997, <a href="/wiki/Indiana_University_Bloomington" title="Indiana University Bloomington">Indiana University</a>: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Computer performance of music was born in 1957 when an <a href="/wiki/IBM_704" title="IBM 704">IBM 704</a> in NYC played a 17 second composition on the <a href="/wiki/Music_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Music I">Music I</a> program which I wrote. The timbres and notes were not inspiring, but the technical breakthrough is still reverberating. Music I led me to Music II through V. A host of others wrote Music 10, Music 360, Music 15, <a href="/wiki/Csound" title="Csound">Csound</a> and Cmix. Many exciting pieces are now performed digitally. The IBM 704 and its siblings were strictly studio machines – they were far too slow to synthesize music in real-time. <a href="/wiki/John_Chowning" title="John Chowning">Chowning's</a> <a href="/wiki/Frequency_modulation_synthesis" title="Frequency modulation synthesis">FM algorithms</a> and the advent of fast, inexpensive, digital chips made real-time possible, and equally important, made it affordable. Starting with the GROOVE program in 1970, my interests have focused on live performance and what a computer can do to aid a performer. I made a controller, the <a href="/wiki/Radio-Baton" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio-Baton">Radio-Baton</a>, plus a program, the <a href="/wiki/Conductor_(software)" title="Conductor (software)">Conductor</a> program, to provide new ways for interpreting and performing traditional scores. In addition to contemporary composers, these proved attractive to soloists as a way of playing orchestral accompaniments. Singers often prefer to play their own accompaniments. Recently I have added improvisational options which make it easy to write <a href="/wiki/Algorithmic_composition" title="Algorithmic composition">compositional algorithms</a>. These can involve precomposed sequences, random functions, and live performance gestures. The algorithms are written in the <a href="/wiki/C_(language)" class="mw-redirect" title="C (language)">C language</a>. We have taught a course in this area to <a href="/wiki/Stanford" class="mw-redirect" title="Stanford">Stanford</a> undergraduates for two years. To our happy surprise, the students liked learning and using C. Primarily I believe it gives them a feeling of complete power to command the computer to do anything it is capable of doing.</p></blockquote> <div style="clear:right;float:right;"> </div> <div style="clear:right;float:right;margin-top:-3.3ex;"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Max_Mathews_Radio_Baton_demo_1%2C_SF_MusicTech_Summit_VI%2C_May_17%2C_2010.ogv/220px--Max_Mathews_Radio_Baton_demo_1%2C_SF_MusicTech_Summit_VI%2C_May_17%2C_2010.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="43" data-mwtitle="Max_Mathews_Radio_Baton_demo_1,_SF_MusicTech_Summit_VI,_May_17,_2010.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Max_Mathews_Radio_Baton_demo_1,_SF_MusicTech_Summit_VI,_May_17,_2010.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Max_Mathews_Radio_Baton_demo_1%2C_SF_MusicTech_Summit_VI%2C_May_17%2C_2010.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="640" data-height="362" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/Max_Mathews_Radio_Baton_demo_1%2C_SF_MusicTech_Summit_VI%2C_May_17%2C_2010.ogv/Max_Mathews_Radio_Baton_demo_1%2C_SF_MusicTech_Summit_VI%2C_May_17%2C_2010.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="254" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/Max_Mathews_Radio_Baton_demo_1%2C_SF_MusicTech_Summit_VI%2C_May_17%2C_2010.ogv/Max_Mathews_Radio_Baton_demo_1%2C_SF_MusicTech_Summit_VI%2C_May_17%2C_2010.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="424" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/Max_Mathews_Radio_Baton_demo_1%2C_SF_MusicTech_Summit_VI%2C_May_17%2C_2010.ogv/Max_Mathews_Radio_Baton_demo_1%2C_SF_MusicTech_Summit_VI%2C_May_17%2C_2010.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="636" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/Max_Mathews_Radio_Baton_demo_1%2C_SF_MusicTech_Summit_VI%2C_May_17%2C_2010.ogv/Max_Mathews_Radio_Baton_demo_1%2C_SF_MusicTech_Summit_VI%2C_May_17%2C_2010.ogv.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="636" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>Radio-Baton demonstration by Mathews on SF MusicTech Summit 2010</figcaption></figure></div> <p>In 1961, Mathews arranged the accompaniment of the song "<a href="/wiki/Daisy_Bell" title="Daisy Bell">Daisy Bell</a>" for an uncanny performance by computer-synthesized human voice, using technology developed by <a href="/wiki/John_Larry_Kelly,_Jr" class="mw-redirect" title="John Larry Kelly, Jr">John Kelly</a>, Carol Lochbaum, Joan Miller and <a href="/wiki/Louis_Gerstman" title="Louis Gerstman">Lou Gerstman</a> of Bell Laboratories. Author <a href="/wiki/Arthur_C._Clarke" title="Arthur C. Clarke">Arthur C. Clarke</a> was coincidentally visiting friend and colleague <a href="/wiki/John_R._Pierce" title="John R. Pierce">John Pierce</a> at the Bell Labs <a href="/wiki/Murray_Hill,_New_Jersey" title="Murray Hill, New Jersey">Murray Hill</a> facility at the time of this remarkable <a href="/wiki/Speech_synthesis" title="Speech synthesis">speech synthesis</a> demonstration and was so impressed that he later told <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> to use it in <i><a href="/wiki/2001:_A_Space_Odyssey_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="2001: A Space Odyssey (film)">2001: A Space Odyssey</a></i>, in the climactic scene where the <a href="/wiki/HAL_9000" title="HAL 9000">HAL 9000</a> computer sings while his cognitive functions are disabled.<sup id="cite_ref-bell_labs_hal_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bell_labs_hal-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mathews directed the Acoustical and Behavioral Research Center at Bell Laboratories from 1962 to 1985, which carried out research in speech communication, visual communication, human memory and learning, programmed instruction, analysis of subjective opinions, physical acoustics, and industrial robotics. From 1974 to 1980 he was the Scientific Advisor to the Institute de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (<a href="/wiki/IRCAM" title="IRCAM">IRCAM</a>), Paris, France, and from 1987 was Professor of Music (Research) at <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a>. He served as the Master of Ceremonies for the concert program of NIME-01, the inaugural conference on <a href="/wiki/New_interfaces_for_musical_expression" class="mw-redirect" title="New interfaces for musical expression">New interfaces for musical expression</a>. </p><p>Mathews was a member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Academy_of_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="United States National Academy of Sciences">National Academy of Sciences</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Engineering" title="National Academy of Engineering">National Academy of Engineering</a> and a fellow in the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Acoustical_Society_of_America" title="Acoustical Society of America">Acoustical Society of America</a>, the <a href="/wiki/IEEE" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE">IEEE</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Audio_Engineering_Society" title="Audio Engineering Society">Audio Engineering Society</a>. He received a <a href="/wiki/ASA_Silver_Medal" title="ASA Silver Medal">Silver Medal in Musical Acoustics</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from the <a href="/wiki/Acoustical_Society_of_America" title="Acoustical Society of America">Acoustical Society of America</a>, and the Chevalier de l'<a href="/wiki/Ordre_des_Arts_et_des_Lettres" title="Ordre des Arts et des Lettres">ordre des Arts et Lettres</a>, République Française. </p><p>The Max portion of the software package <a href="/wiki/Max_(software)" title="Max (software)">Max/MSP</a> is named after him (the MSP portion is named for <a href="/wiki/Miller_Puckette" title="Miller Puckette">Miller Puckette</a>, who teaches at <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_San_Diego" title="University of California, San Diego">UC San Diego</a>). </p><p>Mathews died on the morning of 21 April 2011 in San Francisco, California of complications from <a href="/wiki/Pneumonia" title="Pneumonia">pneumonia</a>. He was 84. He was survived by his wife, Marjorie, his three sons and six grandchildren. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Mathews&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qwartz_Electronic_Music_Awards" title="Qwartz Electronic Music Awards">Qwartz Electronic Music Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algorithmic_composition" title="Algorithmic composition">Algorithmic composition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphical_sound" title="Graphical sound">Graphical sound</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Mathews&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBell" class="citation web cs1">Bell, Gordon C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nae.edu/189840/MAX-V-MATHEWS-19262011">"Max V. Mathews 1926–2011"</a>. <i>National Academy of Engineering</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Academy+of+Engineering&rft.atitle=Max+V.+Mathews+1926%E2%80%932011&rft.aulast=Bell&rft.aufirst=Gordon+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nae.edu%2F189840%2FMAX-V-MATHEWS-19262011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMax+Mathews" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPark2009" class="citation journal cs1">Park, Tae Hong (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40301041">"An Interview with Max Mathews"</a>. <i>Computer Music Journal</i>. <b>33</b> (3): 9–22. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40301041">40301041</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computer+Music+Journal&rft.atitle=An+Interview+with+Max+Mathews&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=9-22&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40301041%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Tae+Hong&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40301041&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMax+Mathews" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-holmes2008-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-holmes2008_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-holmes2008_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolmes2008" class="citation book cs1">Holmes, Thom (2008). "Digital Synthesis and Computer Music". <i>Electronic and experimental music: technology, music, and culture</i>. Taylor & Francis. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hCthQ-bec-QC&q=Mathews+MUSIC+GROOVE+%22Graphic+1%22&pg=PA254">254</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-95781-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-95781-6"><bdi>978-0-415-95781-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Digital+Synthesis+and+Computer+Music&rft.btitle=Electronic+and+experimental+music%3A+technology%2C+music%2C+and+culture&rft.pages=254&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-415-95781-6&rft.aulast=Holmes&rft.aufirst=Thom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMax+Mathews" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-roads1980-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-roads1980_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-roads1980_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoads1980" class="citation journal cs1">Roads, Curtis (Winter 1980). "Interview with Max Mathews". <i>Computer Music Journal</i>. <b>4</b> (4).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computer+Music+Journal&rft.atitle=Interview+with+Max+Mathews&rft.ssn=winter&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=4&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Roads&rft.aufirst=Curtis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMax+Mathews" class="Z3988"></span> <br />in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCurtis_Roads1989" class="citation book cs1">Curtis Roads, ed. (1989). <i>The Music Machine: Selected Readings from Computer Music Journal</i>. MIT Press (1989/1992). pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bqKfS3qQjMQC&q=Mathews&pg=PA5">5</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-262-68078-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-262-68078-3"><bdi>978-0-262-68078-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Music+Machine%3A+Selected+Readings+from+Computer+Music+Journal&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=MIT+Press+%281989%2F1992%29&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-262-68078-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMax+Mathews" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-groove-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-groove_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMax_V.F.R.1970" class="citation journal cs1">Max V., Mathews; F.R., Moore (1970). "GROOVE—a program to compose, store, and edit functions of time". <i>Communications of the ACM</i>. <b>13</b> (12).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Communications+of+the+ACM&rft.atitle=GROOVE%E2%80%94a+program+to+compose%2C+store%2C+and+edit+functions+of+time&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=12&rft.date=1970&rft.aulast=Max+V.&rft.aufirst=Mathews&rft.au=F.R.%2C+Moore&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMax+Mathews" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vercoe-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-vercoe_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNyssim_LeffordEric_D._ScheirerBarry_L._Vercoe" class="citation web cs1">Nyssim Lefford; Eric D. Scheirer & Barry L. Vercoe. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.media.mit.edu/events/EMS/bv-interview.html">"An Interview with Barry Vercoe"</a>. <i>Experimental Music Studio 25</i>. Machine Listening Group, MIT Media Laboratory.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Experimental+Music+Studio+25&rft.atitle=An+Interview+with+Barry+Vercoe&rft.au=Nyssim+Lefford&rft.au=Eric+D.+Scheirer&rft.au=Barry+L.+Vercoe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.media.mit.edu%2Fevents%2FEMS%2Fbv-interview.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMax+Mathews" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bogdanov2001-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bogdanov2001_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bogdanov2001_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBogdanov2001" class="citation book cs1">Bogdanov, Vladimir (2001). <i>All music guide to electronica: the definitive guide to electronic music</i>. Backbeat Books. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GJNXLSBlL7IC&q=GROOVE+Generated+Real-time+Output+Operations+on+Voltage-controlled+Equipment&pg=PT271">320</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87930-628-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87930-628-1"><bdi>978-0-87930-628-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=All+music+guide+to+electronica%3A+the+definitive+guide+to+electronic+music&rft.pages=320&rft.pub=Backbeat+Books&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-87930-628-1&rft.aulast=Bogdanov&rft.aufirst=Vladimir&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMax+Mathews" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CSIRAC-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CSIRAC_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cs.mu.oz.au/csirac/music/2.html">"Australian CSIRAC computer website"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Australian+CSIRAC+computer+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.mu.oz.au%2Fcsirac%2Fmusic%2F2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMax+Mathews" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bell_labs_hal-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bell_labs_hal_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000407081031/http://www.bell-labs.com/news/1997/march/5/2.html">"Bell Labs: Where "HAL" First Spoke (Bell Labs Speech Synthesis Web Site)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bell-labs.com/news/1997/march/5/2.html">the original</a> on April 7, 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 8,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bell+Labs%3A+Where+%22HAL%22+First+Spoke+%28Bell+Labs+Speech+Synthesis+Web+Site%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bell-labs.com%2Fnews%2F1997%2Fmarch%2F5%2F2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMax+Mathews" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://acousticalsociety.org/acoustical-society-of-america-awards/">"Acoustical Society of America Awards"</a>. <i>Acoustical Society of America</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-11-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Acoustical+Society+of+America+Awards&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Facousticalsociety.org%2Facoustical-society-of-america-awards%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMax+Mathews" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Mathews&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Max_Mathews" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Max Mathews">Max Mathews</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://120years.net/wordpress/groove-systems-max-mathews-usa-1970/">the GROOVE System on '120 Years Of Electronic Music'</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140111140457/http://www.signallake.com/innovation/MVMathews1963.pdf">The Digital Computer as a Musical Instrument; Science, Vol. 142, Iss. 3592, pp. 553–557 1963–11</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csounds.com/mathews/">Max Mathews</a> at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csounds.com/">cSounds.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.qwartz.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=259&Itemid=91">Max Mathews received the Qwartz d'Honneur – 2008</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stretta.blogspot.com/2011/04/max-matthews-1926-2011.html">Max Matthews 1926–2011</a> on Stretta blog</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130115160847/http://blog.frieze.com/max-mathews/">Max Mathews 1926–2011 by Geeta Dayal, Frieze Magazine, May 9, 2011</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.synthtopia.com/content/2011/04/21/max-mathews-computer-music-pioneer-r-i-p/">Max Mathews, Computer Music Pioneer, R.I.P.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/comj.2009.33.3.9">Max Mathews interview in Computer Music Journal</a> by Tae Hong Park</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musicainformatica.org/topics/groove.php">The GROOVE System</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.namm.org/library/oral-history/max-mathews">Max Mathews Interview</a> at <a href="/wiki/NAMM_Oral_History_Program" title="NAMM Oral History Program">NAMM Oral History Collection</a> March 29, 2007</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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aria-labelledby="Computer_music" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Computer_music" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Computer_music" title="Computer music">Computer music</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Battier" title="Marc Battier">Marc Battier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Boulanger" title="Richard Boulanger">Richard Boulanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cope" title="David Cope">David Cope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Chowning" title="John Chowning">John Chowning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_di_Giugno" title="Giuseppe di Giugno">Giuseppe di Giugno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dodge_(composer)" title="Charles Dodge (composer)">Charles Dodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gottfried_Michael_Koenig" title="Gottfried Michael Koenig">Gottfried Michael Koenig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Lansky" title="Paul Lansky">Paul Lansky</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Max Mathews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Pape" title="Gérard Pape">Gérard Pape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miller_Puckette" title="Miller Puckette">Miller Puckette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Reynolds" title="Roger Reynolds">Roger Reynolds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Risset" title="Jean-Claude Risset">Jean-Claude Risset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Roads" title="Curtis Roads">Curtis Roads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurie_Spiegel" title="Laurie Spiegel">Laurie Spiegel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hub_(band)" title="The Hub (band)">The Hub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trimpin" title="Trimpin">Trimpin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Vercoe" title="Barry Vercoe">Barry Vercoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iannis_Xenakis" title="Iannis Xenakis">Iannis Xenakis</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/CSIRAC" title="CSIRAC"><img alt="CSIRAC." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/CSIRAC.jpg/80px-CSIRAC.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/CSIRAC.jpg/120px-CSIRAC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/CSIRAC.jpg/160px-CSIRAC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University_centers_and_institutes#Center_for_Computer_Research_in_Music_and_Acoustics" title="Stanford University centers and institutes"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/CCRMA_%284%29%2C_June_13%2C_2011.jpg/80px-CCRMA_%284%29%2C_June_13%2C_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/CCRMA_%284%29%2C_June_13%2C_2011.jpg/120px-CCRMA_%284%29%2C_June_13%2C_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/CCRMA_%284%29%2C_June_13%2C_2011.jpg/160px-CCRMA_%284%29%2C_June_13%2C_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1936" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Programs and<br />instruments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ChucK" title="ChucK">ChucK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Composers_Desktop_Project" title="Composers Desktop Project">Composers Desktop Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Csound" title="Csound">Csound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FAUST_(programming_language)" title="FAUST (programming language)">FAUST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierarchical_Music_Specification_Language" title="Hierarchical Music Specification Language">HMSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyma_(sound_design_language)" title="Kyma (sound design language)">Kyma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laptop_orchestra" title="Laptop orchestra">Laptop orchestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_(software)" title="Max (software)">Max/MSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIDI_controller" title="MIDI controller">MIDI controller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_Mouse" title="Music Mouse">Music Mouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pure_Data" title="Pure Data">Pure Data</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MUSIC-N" title="MUSIC-N">MUSIC-N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiodrum" title="Radiodrum">Radiodrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riffusion" title="Riffusion">Riffusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonic_Pi" title="Sonic Pi">Sonic Pi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SuperCollider" title="SuperCollider">SuperCollider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TidalCycles" title="TidalCycles">TidalCycles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UPIC" title="UPIC">UPIC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bell_Labs" title="Bell Labs">Bell Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University_centers_and_institutes#Center_for_Computer_Research_in_Music_and_Acoustics" title="Stanford University centers and institutes">CCRMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CCMIX" title="CCMIX">CEMAMu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_Music_Center" title="Computer Music Center">Computer Music Center at Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_Music_Studios" title="Experimental Music Studios">Experimental Music Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Confederation_of_Electroacoustic_Music" title="International Confederation of Electroacoustic Music">ICEM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Computer_Music_Association" title="International Computer Music Association">ICMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRCAM" title="IRCAM">IRCAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_New_Music_and_Audio_Technologies" class="mw-redirect" title="Center for New Music and Audio Technologies">Center for New Music and Audio Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princeton_Sound_Lab" title="Princeton Sound Lab">Princeton Sound Lab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TIMARA" title="TIMARA">Oberlin TIMARA Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Electronic_Music_and_Acoustics" title="Institute of Electronic Music and Acoustics">IEM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Techniques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algorithmic_composition" title="Algorithmic composition">Algorithmic composition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_and_artificial_intelligence" title="Music and artificial intelligence">Artificial intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthesizer" title="Synthesizer">Sound synthesis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_synthesizer" title="Digital synthesizer">Digital synthesis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Compositions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Illiac_Suite" title="Illiac Suite">Illiac Suite</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mortuos_Plango,_Vivos_Voco" title="Mortuos Plango, Vivos Voco">Mortuos Plango, Vivos Voco</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="SEAMUS_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#d3d3d3;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:SEAMUS_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="Template:SEAMUS Lifetime Achievement Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:SEAMUS_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="Template talk:SEAMUS Lifetime Achievement Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:SEAMUS_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:SEAMUS Lifetime Achievement Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="SEAMUS_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/SEAMUS_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="SEAMUS Lifetime Achievement Award">SEAMUS Lifetime Achievement Award</a></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Ussachevsky" title="Vladimir Ussachevsky">Vladimir Ussachevsky</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Les_Paul" title="Les Paul">Les Paul</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mario_Davidovsky" title="Mario Davidovsky">Mario Davidovsky</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Otto_Luening" title="Otto Luening">Otto Luening</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Moog" title="Robert Moog">Robert Moog</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Chowning" title="John Chowning">John Chowning</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Max Mathews</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Milton_Babbitt" title="Milton Babbitt">Milton Babbitt</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dodge_(composer)" title="Charles Dodge (composer)">Charles Dodge</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bebe_and_Louis_Barron" title="Bebe and Louis Barron">Bebe and Louis Barron</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Morton_Subotnick" title="Morton Subotnick">Morton Subotnick</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Oliveros" title="Pauline Oliveros">Pauline Oliveros</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Lansky" title="Paul Lansky">Paul Lansky</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Br%C3%BCn" title="Herbert Brün">Herbert Brün</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Don_Buchla" title="Don Buchla">Don Buchla</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jon_Appleton" title="Jon Appleton">Jon Appleton</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barry_Vercoe" title="Barry Vercoe">Barry Vercoe</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wendy_Carlos" title="Wendy Carlos">Wendy Carlos</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Lucier" title="Alvin Lucier">Alvin Lucier</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joel_Chadabe" title="Joel Chadabe">Joel Chadabe</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Miller_Puckette" title="Miller Puckette">Miller Puckette</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Larry_Austin" title="Larry Austin">Larry Austin</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Roads" title="Curtis Roads">Curtis Roads</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Laurie_Anderson" title="Laurie Anderson">Laurie Anderson</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_E._Lewis" title="George E. Lewis">George E. Lewis</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Laurie_Spiegel" title="Laurie Spiegel">Laurie Spiegel</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barry_Schrader&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barry Schrader (page does not exist)">Barry Schrader</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dave_Smith_(engineer)" title="Dave Smith (engineer)">Dave Smith</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pamela_Z" title="Pamela Z">Pamela Z</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carla_Scaletti" title="Carla Scaletti">Carla Scaletti</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Scott A. Wyatt (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Mumma" title="Gordon Mumma">Gordon Mumma</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Annea_Lockwood" title="Annea Lockwood">Annea Lockwood</a> (2020)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2587669#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/134981340">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n88137591">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX840953">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p07475419X">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000347619&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5d0d5520-0a90-4712-ad22-132fef61f138">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/103170448">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6cp0rnr">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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