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searchaux" style="display:none">Canadian statute</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #ededed"><i>Young Offenders Act</i></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Canada" title="Parliament of Canada">Parliament of Canada</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Citation</th><td class="infobox-data">RSC 1985, c. Y-1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Enacted by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Canada" title="Parliament of Canada">Parliament of Canada</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Enacted</th><td class="infobox-data">April 2, 1984</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Assented to</th><td class="infobox-data">1982</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed"><a href="/wiki/Repeal" title="Repeal">Repeals</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Juvenile_Delinquents_Act" title="Juvenile Delinquents Act">Juvenile Delinquents Act</a></i></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Repealed by</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Youth_Criminal_Justice_Act" title="Youth Criminal Justice Act">Youth Criminal Justice Act</a></i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="background-color:#FFCCCC;"><b>Status:</b> <a href="/wiki/Repeal" title="Repeal">Repealed</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <i><b>Young Offenders Act</b></i> (<b>YOA</b>; <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Loi sur les jeunes contrevenants</i>) was an act of the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Canada" title="Parliament of Canada">Parliament of Canada</a>, granted <a href="/wiki/Royal_Assent" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Assent">Royal Assent</a> in 1982 and proclaimed in force on April 2, 1984, that regulated the <a href="/wiki/Criminal_justice" title="Criminal justice">criminal</a> prosecution of Canadian <a href="/wiki/Youth" title="Youth">youths</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ythjust_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ythjust-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The act was repealed in 2003 with the passing of the <i><a href="/wiki/Youth_Criminal_Justice_Act" title="Youth Criminal Justice Act">Youth Criminal Justice Act</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Young_Offenders_Act&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>Young Offenders Act</i> replaced the earlier <i><a href="/wiki/Juvenile_Delinquents_Act" title="Juvenile Delinquents Act">Juvenile Delinquents Act</a></i> enacted in 1908. </p><p>The <i>Act</i> established the national <a href="/wiki/Defense_of_infancy" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense of infancy">age of criminal responsibility</a> at 12 years old, and said that youths can be prosecuted only if they break a law of the <a href="/wiki/Criminal_Code_(Canada)" title="Criminal Code (Canada)">Criminal Code</a> (previously, youths could be prosecuted or punished solely on the grounds that it was in the youth's best interests).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This is curious. Please show/link some examples of how and where children were punished prior to the YOA (June 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. </p><p>The <i>Act</i> also indicated that the rights established in the <i><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Charter_of_Rights_and_Freedoms" title="Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms">Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms</a></i> apply to youths as well. </p><p>Controversy dogged the act for many years. Many felt that the <i>Act'</i>s limit on a three-year detention sentence for youths was overly lax, and allowed youths to get unreasonably light sentences for <a href="/wiki/Murder" title="Murder">murder</a> or <a href="/wiki/Sexual_assault" title="Sexual assault">sexual assault</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ythjust_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ythjust-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This maximum was repeatedly increased until in 1996 it was extended to a maximum of ten years. That same year, a provision was also made to allow 16-year-olds to be tried as adults in certain cases. Critics contended that this was too harsh, as it made youths possible victims of <a href="/wiki/Life_sentence" class="mw-redirect" title="Life sentence">life sentences</a>. </p><p>The <i>Act</i> also drew much criticism from the public for not charging young offenders under the age of 12 years, and for banning publication of the identities of youths who commit criminal acts, contending that the number of violent crimes committed by youths has dramatically increased, as has the number of repeat young offenders, since the act was passed.<sup id="cite_ref-ythjust_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ythjust-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The demands by the Canadian public for changes for the better in dealing with youth crime, particularly in the wake of the beating and attempted murder in 1999 of then-15-year-old Jonathan Wambach in <a href="/wiki/Newmarket,_Ontario" title="Newmarket, Ontario">Newmarket, Ontario</a>, by a gang of teenagers,<sup id="cite_ref-yoafix_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yoafix-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> led to the introduction of the <i><a href="/wiki/Youth_Criminal_Justice_Act" title="Youth Criminal Justice Act">Youth Criminal Justice Act</a></i> to replace the <i>Young Offenders Act</i> in 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-toughyoa_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toughyoa-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Young_Offenders_Act&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juvenile_Delinquents_Act" title="Juvenile Delinquents Act">Juvenile Delinquents Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youth_Criminal_Justice_Act" title="Youth Criminal Justice Act">Youth Criminal Justice Act</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Young_Offenders_Act&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns 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.citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.justicemonitor.ca/youthoffenders.htm">"Youth Justice in Canada"</a>. Justice Canada Monitor<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Youth+Justice+in+Canada&rft.pub=Justice+Canada+Monitor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.justicemonitor.ca%2Fyouthoffenders.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYoung+Offenders+Act" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yoafix-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-yoafix_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://carleton.ca/jmc/cnews/03112000/n6.htm">"Young Offenders Act beyond fixing, say critics"</a>. Capital News Online<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Young+Offenders+Act+beyond+fixing%2C+say+critics&rft.pub=Capital+News+Online&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcarleton.ca%2Fjmc%2Fcnews%2F03112000%2Fn6.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYoung+Offenders+Act" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-toughyoa-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-toughyoa_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fazeteen.com/summer2000/crime.htm">"Crime and Punishment: Toughening the Young Offenders Act"</a>. Faze Magazine<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Crime+and+Punishment%3A+Toughening+the+Young+Offenders+Act&rft.pub=Faze+Magazine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fazeteen.com%2Fsummer2000%2Fcrime.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYoung+Offenders+Act" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Young_Offenders_Act&oldid=1253168245">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Young_Offenders_Act&oldid=1253168245</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Canadian_federal_legislation" title="Category:Canadian federal legislation">Canadian federal legislation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1984_in_Canadian_law" title="Category:1984 in Canadian law">1984 in Canadian law</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Repealed_Canadian_legislation" title="Category:Repealed Canadian legislation">Repealed Canadian legislation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Canadian_juvenile_law" title="Category:Canadian juvenile law">Canadian juvenile law</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_December_2020" title="Category:Use mdy dates from December 2020">Use mdy dates from December 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_French-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing French-language text">Articles containing French-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_June_2017" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from June 2017">Articles with unsourced statements from June 2017</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 24 October 2024, at 17:32<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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