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<span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Biografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Carrière" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Carrière"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Carrière</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Carrière-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Carrière-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Carrière-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Zwart_gat_(Sagittarius_A*)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zwart_gat_(Sagittarius_A*)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Zwart gat (Sagittarius A*)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zwart_gat_(Sagittarius_A*)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Privéleven" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Privéleven"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Privéleven</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Privéleven-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Onderscheidingen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Onderscheidingen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Onderscheidingen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Onderscheidingen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publicaties_(Selectie)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publicaties_(Selectie)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Publicaties (Selectie)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Publicaties_(Selectie)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externe_link" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externe_link"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Externe link</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externe_link-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Andrea Ghez</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 64 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B7,_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0" title="Гез, Андреа – Zuid-Altaïsch" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Гез, Андреа" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="Zuid-Altaïsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Алтай тил</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B2" title="أندريا غيز – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أندريا غيز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B2" title="اندريا جيز – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اندريا جيز" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%AE._%E0%A6%98%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9C" title="এণ্ড্ৰিয়া এম. ঘেজ – Assamees" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="এণ্ড্ৰিয়া এম. ঘেজ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Andrea M. Ghez" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A2_%D8%A7%D9%85._%D9%82%D8%B2" title="آندره‌آ ام. قز – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آندره‌آ ام. قز" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Андрэа Гез – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Андрэа Гез" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Андреа Гез – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Андреа Гез" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9C" title="আন্ড্রেয়া গেজ – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আন্ড্রেয়া গেজ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Andrea M. Ghez" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Mia_Ghez" title="Andrea Mia Ghez – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Andrea Mia Ghez" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B2" title="ئەندریا گیز – Soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەندریا گیز" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghezov%C3%A1" title="Andrea M. Ghezová – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Andrea M. Ghezová" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Andrea M. Ghez" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Andrea Ghez" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Andrea Ghez" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CE%BD%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B1_%CE%9C%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%93%CE%BA%CE%B5%CE%B6" title="Άντρεα Μία Γκεζ – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άντρεα Μία Γκεζ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Andrea M. Ghez" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Andrea M. Ghez" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Andrea M. Ghez" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Andrea Ghez" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Andrea M. Ghez" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A2_%D8%A7%D9%85._%DA%AF%D8%B2" title="آندره‌آ ام. گز – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آندره‌آ ام. گز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Andrea Ghez" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Andrea M. Ghez" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez – Schots-Gaelisch" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Andrea Ghez" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Schots-Gaelisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Andrea M. Ghez" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Andrea M. Ghez" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez – Hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Andrea M. Ghez" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%94_%D7%92%D7%96" title="אנדריאה גז – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אנדריאה גז" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%B0_%E0%A4%98%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC" title="एंड्रिया एम॰ घेज़ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="एंड्रिया एम॰ घेज़" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Andrea M. Ghez" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Andrea Ghez" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%A1_%D4%B3%D5%A5%D5%A6" title="Անդրեա Գեզ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Անդրեա Գեզ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Andrea Ghez" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Andrea Ghez" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Andrea Ghez" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Andrea Ghez" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Andrea Ghez" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B2%E3%82%BA" title="アンドレア・ゲズ – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アンドレア・ゲズ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%90_%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%98" title="ანდრეა გეზი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ანდრეა გეზი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%A4%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84_M._%EA%B2%8C%EC%A6%88" title="앤드리아 M. 게즈 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="앤드리아 M. 게즈" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Mia_Ghez" title="Andrea Mia Ghez – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Andrea Mia Ghez" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF_%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%82._%E0%B4%98%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ആൻഡ്രിയ എം. ഘെസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആൻഡ്രിയ എം. ഘെസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Andrea Ghez" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A2_%D8%A7%D9%85._%DA%AF%D8%B2" title="آندره‌آ ام. گز – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="آندره‌آ ام. گز" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Mia_Ghez" title="Andrea Mia Ghez – Nedersaksisch" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Andrea Mia Ghez" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nedersaksisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Andrea M. Ghez" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Andrea Ghez" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Andrea Ghez" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Andrea Ghez" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B7,_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0" title="Гез, Андреа – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гез, Андреа" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Andrea M. Ghez" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Ghezov%C3%A1" title="Andrea Ghezová – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Andrea Ghezová" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Андреа Гез – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Андреа Гез" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Andrea M. Ghez" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="ஆந்திரியா கியேசு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆந்திரியா கியேசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Andrea Ghez" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0_%D2%90%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Андреа Ґез – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Андреа Ґез" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B2" title="اینڈریا میا گیز – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اینڈریا میا گیز" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Andrea M. Ghez" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E7%83%88%E5%A8%85%C2%B7%E7%9B%96%E5%85%B9" title="安德烈娅·盖兹 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="安德烈娅·盖兹" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E7%83%88%E5%A8%85%C2%B7%E7%9B%96%E5%85%B9" title="安德烈娅·盖兹 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="安德烈娅·盖兹" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez – Minnanyu" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Andrea M. Ghez" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnanyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q493956#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Inhoudspagina bekijken [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new 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Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:lightsteelblue; color:inherit; text-align:center; font-size:120%;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Nobel_prize_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nobelprijswinnaar"><img alt="Nobelprijswinnaar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/25px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/38px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/50px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span>  Andrea Ghez </th></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:lightsteelblue; color:inherit; text-align:center;" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/16_juni" title="16 juni">16 juni</a> <a href="/wiki/1965" title="1965">1965</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:0;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Andrea_Ghez.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Andrea Ghez" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Andrea_Ghez.jpg/266px-Andrea_Ghez.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Andrea_Ghez.jpg/399px-Andrea_Ghez.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Andrea_Ghez.jpg/532px-Andrea_Ghez.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2264" data-file-height="2596" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Geboorteland </th> <td colspan="2"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van de Verenigde Staten"><img alt="Vlag van Verenigde Staten" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_Staten_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Verenigde Staten (hoofdbetekenis)">Verenigde Staten</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Geboorteplaats </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/New_York_(stad)" title="New York (stad)">New York</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Nobelprijs </th> <td colspan="2">Natuurkunde </td></tr> <tr> <th>Jaar </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2020" title="2020">2020</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Reden </th> <td colspan="2">voor onderzoek naar <a href="/wiki/Zwart_gat" title="Zwart gat">zwarte gaten</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Samen met </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Genzel" title="Reinhard Genzel">Reinhard Genzel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Gedeeld met </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Penrose" title="Roger Penrose">Roger Penrose</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="nowrap">Voorganger(s)</span> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor">Michel Mayor</a><br /><a href="/wiki/James_Peebles" title="James Peebles">James Peebles</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Didier_Queloz" title="Didier Queloz">Didier Queloz</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Opvolger(s) </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe">Syukuro Manabe</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Hasselmann" title="Klaus Hasselmann">Klaus Hasselmann</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Parisi" title="Giorgio Parisi">Giorgio Parisi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop notheme center" style="background-color:lightsteelblue; color:inherit;" colspan="3"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>  <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span>   </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Natuurkunde" title="Portaal:Natuurkunde">Natuurkunde</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Andrea Mia Ghez</b> (<a href="/wiki/New_York_(stad)" title="New York (stad)">New York</a>, <a href="/wiki/16_juni" title="16 juni">16 juni</a> <a href="/wiki/1965" title="1965">1965</a>) is een Amerikaans <a href="/wiki/Astronoom" title="Astronoom">astronoom</a> en hoogleraar aan de faculteit Natuurkunde en Astronomie van de <a href="/wiki/Universiteit_van_Californi%C3%AB_-_Los_Angeles" title="Universiteit van Californië - Los Angeles">UCLA</a>. In 2020 kreeg zij als vierde vrouw de <a href="/wiki/Nobelprijs_voor_Natuurkunde" title="Nobelprijs voor Natuurkunde">Nobelprijs voor Natuurkunde</a> "voor de ontdekking van een supermassief compact object in het centrum van ons melkwegstelsel". Ze deelde de prijs met <a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Genzel" title="Reinhard Genzel">Reinhard Genzel</a> en <a href="/wiki/Roger_Penrose" title="Roger Penrose">Roger Penrose</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografie">Biografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Ghez&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Biografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Ghez&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Biografie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ghez werd geboren als dochter van Susanne (Gayton) en Gilbert Ghez. Haar vader werd geboren in een <a href="/wiki/Joden" title="Joden">Joods</a> gezin in <a href="/wiki/Rome_(stad)" title="Rome (stad)">Rome</a>. Zijn familie was oorspronkelijk afkomstig uit <a href="/wiki/Tunesi%C3%AB" title="Tunesië">Tunesië</a> en <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_am_Main" title="Frankfurt am Main">Frankfurt</a>. Haar moeder kwam uit een <a href="/wiki/Ierse_Amerikanen" title="Ierse Amerikanen">Iers</a> katholiek gezin uit <a href="/w/index.php?title=North_Attleborough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="North Attleborough (de pagina bestaat niet)">North Attleborough</a> in <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>. </p><p>Ghez groeide op in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> en studeerde aan de University of Chicago Lab School. De <a href="/wiki/Apolloprogramma" title="Apolloprogramma">maanlandingen van het Apollo-programma</a> inspireerden Ghez, waardoor ze de eerste vrouwelijke <a href="/wiki/Ruimtevaarder" title="Ruimtevaarder">astronaut</a> wilde worden. Haar moeder steunde haar doel. Haar meest invloedrijke vrouwelijke rolmodel was haar lerares scheikunde op de middelbare school. Ze begon op de universiteit aan een studie wiskunde, maar stapte over op natuurkunde. Ze behaalde een <a href="/wiki/Bachelor" title="Bachelor">bachelor</a> in <a href="/wiki/Natuurkunde" title="Natuurkunde">natuurkunde</a> aan het <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a> in 1987. In 1992 promoveerde ze bij <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerry_Neugebauer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerry Neugebauer (de pagina bestaat niet)">Gerry Neugebauer</a> aan het <a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology" title="California Institute of Technology">California Institute of Technology</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Carrière"><span id="Carri.C3.A8re"></span>Carrière</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Ghez&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Carrière" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Ghez&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Carrière"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Haar onderzoek sindsdien omvat het gebruik van beeldvormingstechnieken met hoge <a href="/wiki/Resolutie_(optische_systemen)" title="Resolutie (optische systemen)">ruimtelijke resolutie</a>, zoals met het <a href="/wiki/Adaptieve_optiek" title="Adaptieve optiek">adaptieve optische</a> systeem van de <a href="/wiki/Keck-observatorium" title="Keck-observatorium">Keck-telescopen</a>. Daarmee bestudeert ze gebieden met <a href="/wiki/Stervorming" title="Stervorming">stervorming</a> en het <a href="/wiki/Superzwaar_zwart_gat" title="Superzwaar zwart gat">superzware zwarte gat</a> in het <a href="/wiki/Galactisch_centrum" title="Galactisch centrum">centrum</a> van de <a href="/wiki/Melkweg_(sterrenstelsel)" title="Melkweg (sterrenstelsel)">Melkweg,</a> dat bekendstaat als <a href="/wiki/Sagittarius_A*" title="Sagittarius A*">Sagittarius A*</a>. Ze gebruikt de <a href="/wiki/Kinematica" title="Kinematica">bewegingen</a> van de sterren nabij het centrum van de Melkweg als een soort sonde om dit gebied te onderzoeken. De hoge resolutie van de Keck-telescopen maakt het mogelijk om een aanzienlijke verbetering te bereiken ten opzichte van het eerdere onderzoek naar de beweging van sterren in het centrum van de Melkweg door <a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Genzel" title="Reinhard Genzel">Reinhard Genzel</a> en zijn groep. </p><p>In 2004 werd Ghez gekozen als lid van de Amerikaanse <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Sciences" title="National Academy of Sciences">Academy of Sciences</a>. Ze verscheen vele malen in de media, onder andere in documentaires van de <a href="/wiki/British_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="British Broadcasting Corporation">BBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Discovery_Channel" title="Discovery Channel">Discovery Channel</a> en <a href="/wiki/History_(televisiezender)" title="History (televisiezender)">The History Channel</a>. In 2006 verscheen zij in de televisieserie <i>Nova</i> van <a href="/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_Service" title="Public Broadcasting Service">PBS</a>. In 2009 werd zij benoemd tot <i>Science Hero</i> door <i>The My Hero Project</i>. In 2019 werd Ghez verkozen tot Fellow van de <i><a href="/wiki/American_Physical_Society" title="American Physical Society">American Physical Society</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zwart_gat_(Sagittarius_A*)"><span id="Zwart_gat_.28Sagittarius_A.2A.29"></span>Zwart gat (Sagittarius A*)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Ghez&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zwart gat (Sagittarius A*)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Ghez&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zwart gat (Sagittarius A*)"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Star_Cluster_near_SgrA.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Star_Cluster_near_SgrA.gif/260px-Star_Cluster_near_SgrA.gif" decoding="async" width="260" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Star_Cluster_near_SgrA.gif/390px-Star_Cluster_near_SgrA.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Star_Cluster_near_SgrA.gif/520px-Star_Cluster_near_SgrA.gif 2x" data-file-width="665" data-file-height="637" /></a><figcaption>De beweging van verschillende sterren rond Sgr A*</figcaption></figure> <p>Door het <a href="/wiki/Galactisch_centrum" title="Galactisch centrum">galactisch centrum</a> via het uitgestraalde <a href="/wiki/Infrarood" title="Infrarood">infrarode licht</a> te bestuderen, konden Ghez en haar collega's door de dichte <a href="/wiki/Absorptienevel" title="Absorptienevel">stofwolken</a> heen kijken die het zichtbare licht <a href="/wiki/Extinctie_(astronomie)" title="Extinctie (astronomie)">blokkeren</a>. Daarmee kon zij beelden laten zien van het centrum van de Melkweg. Dankzij de diameter van het 10 m van de <a href="/wiki/Keck-observatorium" title="Keck-observatorium">WM Keck-telescoop</a> en het gebruik van <a href="/wiki/Adaptieve_optiek" title="Adaptieve optiek">adaptieve optica</a> om de turbulentie van de atmosfeer te corrigeren, kregen deze beelden van het galactisch centrum een zeer hoge ruimtelijke resolutie. Daarmee werd het mogelijk om de banen van <a href="/wiki/Ster_(hemellichaam)" title="Ster (hemellichaam)">sterren</a> rond het zwarte gat in het centrum te volgen. Dit zwarte gat staat bekend als <a href="/wiki/Sagittarius_A*" title="Sagittarius A*">Sagittarius A*</a>. Een van de sterren, <a href="/wiki/S2_(ster)" title="S2 (ster)">S2</a>, heeft een complete elliptische baan gemaakt sinds het begin van gedetailleerde waarnemingen in 1995. Er zullen nog tientallen jaren nodig zijn om de banen van sommige van deze sterren volledig te bepalen. Deze metingen kunnen een test zijn voor de <a href="/wiki/Algemene_relativiteitstheorie" title="Algemene relativiteitstheorie">algemene relativiteitstheorie</a>. In oktober 2012 werd een tweede ster geïdentificeerd door haar team bij UCLA, S0-102, die eveneens een baan beschrijft om het Galactisch Centrum. Op basis van <a href="/wiki/Wetten_van_Kepler" title="Wetten van Kepler">de derde wet van Kepler</a> heeft het team van Ghez de rondgaande bewegingen van deze sterren gebruikt om aan te tonen dat de <a href="/wiki/Massa_(natuurkunde)" title="Massa (natuurkunde)">massa</a> van Sagittarius A* 4,1 ± 0,6 miljoen <a href="/wiki/Zonsmassa" title="Zonsmassa">zonsmassa's</a> bedraagt. Omdat het galactische centrum (waar dit zwarte gat zich bevindt) honderd keer dichterbij is dan <a href="/wiki/Andromedanevel" title="Andromedanevel">M31</a> (waar het twee na dichtstbijzijnde bekende superzware zwarte gat zich bevindt), is dit een van de best gedemonstreerde gevallen van het bestaan van een superzwaar zwart gat. </p><p>In 2020 ontving Ghez de Nobelprijs voor natuurkunde samen met Roger Penrose en Reinhard Genzel voor hun ontdekkingen in relatie tot <a href="/wiki/Zwart_gat" title="Zwart gat">zwarte gaten</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Privéleven"><span id="Priv.C3.A9leven"></span>Privéleven</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Ghez&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Privéleven" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Ghez&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Privéleven"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ghez is getrouwd met Tom LaTourrette, een geoloog en onderzoeker bij de <a href="/wiki/RAND_Corporation" title="RAND Corporation">RAND Corporation</a>. Ze hebben twee zonen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Onderscheidingen">Onderscheidingen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Ghez&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Onderscheidingen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Ghez&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Onderscheidingen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Annie J. Cannon Award in Astronomy (1994)</li> <li>Packard Fellowship award (1996)</li> <li>Newton Lacy Pierce-prijs voor astronomie van de American Astronomical Society (1998)</li> <li>Maria Goeppert-Mayer Award van de <a href="/wiki/American_Physical_Society" title="American Physical Society">American Physical Society</a> (1999)</li> <li>Sackler Prize (2004)</li> <li>Gold Shield Faculty Prize voor academische excellentie (2004)</li> <li>Marc Aaronson Memorial Lectureship (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacArthur_Fellowship" title="MacArthur Fellowship">MacArthur Fellowship</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crafoordprijs" title="Crafoordprijs">Crafoord-prijs</a> voor sterrenkunde (2012) van de <a href="/wiki/Koninklijke_Zweedse_Academie_voor_Wetenschappen" class="mw-redirect" title="Koninklijke Zweedse Academie voor Wetenschappen">Koninklijke Zweedse Academie van Wetenschappen</a></li> <li>Royal Society Bakerian Medal (2015)</li> <li>Eredoctoraat aan de <a href="/wiki/Universiteit_van_Oxford" title="Universiteit van Oxford">Universiteit van Oxford</a> (2019)</li> <li>Verkozen tot Legacy Fellow van de American Astronomical Society in 2020</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobelprijs_voor_Natuurkunde" title="Nobelprijs voor Natuurkunde">Nobelprijs voor natuurkunde</a> (2020)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publicaties_(Selectie)"><span id="Publicaties_.28Selectie.29"></span>Publicaties (Selectie)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Ghez&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Publicaties (Selectie)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Ghez&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Publicaties (Selectie)"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation" id="TEST__CITEREFGhez1993"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ghez, Andrea M.</span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"></span>  (november 1993). <cite><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authors.library.caltech.edu/84692/1/1993AJ____106_2005G.pdf">The Multiplicity of T Tauri Stars in the Taurus-Auriga & Ophiuchus-Scorpius Star Forming Regions: A 2.2 micron Imaging Survey</a></cite>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210302120150/https://authors.library.caltech.edu/84692/1/1993AJ____106_2005G.pdf">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2021-03-02">2 maart 2021</span>. <i>Astronomical Journal</i> 106: 2005–2023. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/116782">10.1086/116782</a>.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" id="TEST__CITEREFGhez1997"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ghez, Andrea M.</span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"></span>  (1997). <cite>High Spatial Resolution Imaging of Pre-Main Sequence Binary Stars: Resolving the Relationship Between Disks and Close Companions</cite>. <i>Astrophysical Journal</i> 490 (1): 353–367. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/304856">10.1086/304856</a>.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" id="TEST__CITEREFGhez1998"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ghez, Andrea M.</span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"></span>  (1998). <cite>High Proper Motions in the Vicinity of Sgr A*: Evidence for a Massive Central Black Hole</cite>. <i>Astrophysical Journal</i> 509 (2): 678–686. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/306528">10.1086/306528</a>.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" id="TEST__CITEREFGhez2000"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ghez, A. M.</span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"></span>  (2000). <cite>The Accelerations of Stars Orbiting the Milky Way's Central Black Hole</cite>. <i>Nature</i> 407 (6802): 349–351. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11014184">11014184</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35030032">10.1038/35030032</a>.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" id="TEST__CITEREFGhez2003"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ghez, A. M.</span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"></span>  (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2003-01-01">1 januari 2003</span>). <cite>The First Measurement of Spectral Lines in a Short-Period Star Bound to the Galaxy's Central Black Hole: A Paradox of Youth</cite>. <i>Astrophysical Journal Letters</i> 586 (2): L127. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/374804">10.1086/374804</a>.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" id="TEST__CITEREFGhez2008"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ghez, A. M.</span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"></span>  (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2008-01-01">1 januari 2008</span>). <cite>Measuring Distance and Properties of the Milky Way's Central Supermassive Black Hole with Stellar Orbits</cite>. <i>Astrophysical Journal</i> 689 (2): 1044–1062. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/592738">10.1086/592738</a>.</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externe_link">Externe link</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Ghez&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Externe link" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Ghez&action=edit&section=7" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Externe link"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.astro.ucla.edu/~ghez/">Website van Andrea Ghez</a></li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><b>Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</b></div> <p><b>Bronnen</b> </p> <ul><li>Dit artikel of een eerdere versie ervan is een (gedeeltelijke) vertaling van het artikel <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez?oldid=982214037">Andrea M. Ghez</a> op de Engelstalige Wikipedia, dat onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a> valt. Zie de <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez?offset=20201006235959&action=history">bewerkingsgeschiedenis</a></span> aldaar.<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r66936091">.mw-parser-output .error-bronvermelding{color:#ff0000;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .error-bronvermelding span{font-size:larger}</style></li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Voetnoten</b> </p> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-groot{float:right;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:#ddeef8;padding:2px 5.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud{padding:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud p:first-child{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background-color"],.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background"]{color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}</style><div class="navigatie mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Bibliografische informatie" data-collapsetext="Inklappen" data-expandtext="Uitklappen"><div id="Bibliografische_informatie" class="navigatie-titel"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bibliografische_informatie" title="Wikipedia:Bibliografische informatie">Bibliografische informatie</a></div><div class="navigatie-inhoud mw-collapsible-content plainlist ta-left"><ul style="column-width:36em"><li><b><a href="/wiki/Bibsys" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibsys">Bibsys</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/1656998780792">1656998780792</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">Gemeinsame Normdatei</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1219099384">1219099384</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">International Standard Name Identifier</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000031447682">0000 0000 3144 7682</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">Library of Congress Control Number</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n95070019">n95070019</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Mathematics_Genealogy_Project" title="Mathematics Genealogy Project">Mathematics Genealogy Project</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/id.php?id=220048">220048</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Nationale_Bibliotheek_van_Tsjechi%C3%AB" title="Nationale Bibliotheek van Tsjechië">Nationale Bibliotheek van Tsjechië</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0262664&CON_LNG=ENG">xx0262664</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/ORCID" title="ORCID">ORCID</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3230-5055">0000-0003-3230-5055</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">Virtual International Authority File</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/50936844">50936844</a></span></li><li><b></b> <b><a href="/wiki/WorldCat" title="WorldCat">WorldCat</a></b> (via VIAF): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/50936844">50936844</a></li></ul></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Ghez&oldid=66146402">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Ghez&oldid=66146402</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorieën</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Winnaar_van_de_Nobelprijs_voor_Natuurkunde" title="Categorie:Winnaar van de Nobelprijs voor Natuurkunde">Winnaar van de Nobelprijs voor Natuurkunde</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Amerikaans_astronoom" title="Categorie:Amerikaans astronoom">Amerikaans astronoom</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 15 okt 2023 om 16:24.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a>, er kunnen aanvullende voorwaarden van toepassing zijn. 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