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Jebel Akhdar (Libya) - Vikipedi

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<span>Coğrafya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coğrafya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bitki_örtüsü" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bitki_örtüsü"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Bitki örtüsü</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bitki_örtüsü-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tarihi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tarihi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Tarihi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tarihi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Tarihi alt bölümünü aç/kapa</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Tarihi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Antik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Antik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-İtalyan_işgali" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#İtalyan_işgali"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>İtalyan işgali</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-İtalyan_işgali-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kurtuluş" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kurtuluş"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Kurtuluş</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kurtuluş-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ayrıca_bakınız" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ayrıca_bakınız"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Ayrıca bakınız</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ayrıca_bakınız-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="İçindekiler" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Jebel Akhdar (Libya)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Başka bir dildeki sayfaya gidin. 20 dilde mevcut" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 dil</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%B6%D8%B1_(%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7)" title="الجبل الأخضر (ليبيا) - Arapça" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الجبل الأخضر (ليبيا)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%B6%D8%B1" title="الجبل الاخضر - Mısır Arapçası" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الجبل الاخضر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Mısır Arapçası" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C9%99b%C9%99l_%C6%8Fxdar_(Liviya)" title="Cəbəl Əxdar (Liviya) - Azerbaycan dili" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Cəbəl Əxdar (Liviya)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaycan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A0bal_al-Akhdar" title="Jàbal al-Akhdar - Katalanca" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Jàbal al-Akhdar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Jabal_al_Akh%E1%B8%91ar_(kabukiran_sa_Libya)" title="Al Jabal al Akhḑar (kabukiran sa Libya) - Sebuano dili" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Al Jabal al Akhḑar (kabukiran sa Libya)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Sebuano dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Dschabal_al-Achdar_(Libyen)" title="Al-Dschabal al-Achdar (Libyen) - Almanca" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Al-Dschabal al-Achdar (Libyen)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B6%CE%AD%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%BB_%CE%86%CF%87%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%81_(%CE%9B%CE%B9%CE%B2%CF%8D%CE%B7)" title="Τζέμπελ Άχνταρ (Λιβύη) - Yunanca" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τζέμπελ Άχνταρ (Λιβύη)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jebel_Akhdar_(Libya)" title="Jebel Akhdar (Libya) - İngilizce" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Jebel Akhdar (Libya)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="İngilizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_%C4%9Cabal_Al_A%C4%A5dar_(alta%C4%B5o)" title="Al Ĝabal Al Aĥdar (altaĵo) - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Al Ĝabal Al Aĥdar (altaĵo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yebel_Ajdar_(Libia)" title="Yebel Ajdar (Libia) - İspanyolca" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Yebel Ajdar (Libia)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="İspanyolca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djebel_Akhdar_(Libye)" title="Djebel Akhdar (Libye) - Fransızca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Djebel Akhdar (Libye)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Fransızca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jebel_Akhdar,_Libya" title="Jebel Akhdar, Libya - Endonezce" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jebel Akhdar, Libya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Endonezce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gebel_el-Achdar" title="Gebel el-Achdar - İtalyanca" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gebel el-Achdar" data-language-autonym="İtaliano" data-language-local-name="İtalyanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İtaliano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%95%E3%83%80%E3%83%AB%E5%B1%B1%E5%9C%B0" title="アフダル山地 - Japonca" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アフダル山地" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A-%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ჯებელ-ახდარი - Gürcüce" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჯებელ-ახდარი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Gürcüce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-D%C5%BCabal_al-Achdar_(g%C3%B3ry_w_Libii)" title="Al-Dżabal al-Achdar (góry w Libii) - Lehçe" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Al-Dżabal al-Achdar (góry w Libii)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Lehçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jebel_Akhdar" title="Jebel Akhdar - Sırp-Hırvat Dili" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Jebel Akhdar" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Sırp-Hırvat Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB_%D0%8F%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%90%D1%85%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ел Џабал ел Ахдар - Sırpça" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ел Џабал ел Ахдар" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Sırpça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Jabal_al_Akh%E1%B8%91ar_(bergskedja_i_Libyen)" title="Al Jabal al Akhḑar (bergskedja i Libyen) - İsveççe" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Al Jabal al Akhḑar (bergskedja i Libyen)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="İsveççe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%90%D1%85%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_(%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Джебель-Ахдар (Лівія) - Ukraynaca" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джебель-Ахдар (Лівія)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraynaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q310342#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Dillerarası bağlantıları değiştir" class="wbc-editpage">Bağlantıları değiştir</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ad alanları"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Jebel_Akhdar_(Libya)" title="İçerik sayfasını göster [c]" 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href="/w/index.php?title=Jebel_Akhdar_(Libya)&amp;action=history" title="Bu sayfanın geçmiş sürümleri [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Geçmişi gör</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sayfa araçları"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Araçlar" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Araçlar</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Bu madde Libya sınırları içindeki bölgeyi kapsamaktadır. Umman'da ki <a href="/wiki/Cebel_Ahdar_(Umman)" title="Cebel Ahdar (Umman)">Cebel Ahdar (Umman)</a> başlığına bakınız.</div><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Green_mountain_of_Libya.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Green_mountain_of_Libya.jpg/220px-Green_mountain_of_Libya.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Green_mountain_of_Libya.jpg/330px-Green_mountain_of_Libya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Green_mountain_of_Libya.jpg/440px-Green_mountain_of_Libya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="507" /></a><figcaption>Aljabal Alakhdar (Libya)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Jabal_Al_Akdhar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Jabal_Al_Akdhar.jpg/220px-Jabal_Al_Akdhar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Jabal_Al_Akdhar.jpg/330px-Jabal_Al_Akdhar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Jabal_Al_Akdhar.jpg/440px-Jabal_Al_Akdhar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="605" data-file-height="454" /></a><figcaption>Jebel Akhdar, Libya'nın en çok yağış alan bölgesidir. Yıllık yağış miktarı ortalamaları 400 ila 600 milimetre arasındadır.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Jebel Akhdar</b> ya da <b>Cebel Ahdar</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arap%C3%A7a" title="Arapça">Arapça</a>: <span title="ar ALA harf çevirisi" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">al-Jabal al-Akhḍar</span>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0ngilizce" title="İngilizce">İngilizce</a>: The Green Mountain) <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya'nın</a> kuzeydoğusunda yoğun ormanlık, verimli bir yayla alanıdır. Derne, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jabak_Al_Akhdar&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jabak Al Akhdar (sayfa mevcut değil)">Jabal al Akhdar</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Marj" title="Marj">Marj'ın</a> kuzey <a href="/wiki/Libya%27n%C4%B1n_illeri" class="mw-redirect" title="Libya&#39;nın illeri">illeri veya semtlerinde</a> bulunur . </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Coğrafya"><span id="Co.C4.9Frafya"></span>Coğrafya</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jebel_Akhdar_(Libya)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Coğrafya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jebel_Akhdar_(Libya)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Coğrafya"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jebel Akhdar, 900 metre (3.000&#160;ft) yüksekliğe kadar yükselen dağlık bir <a href="/wiki/Yayla" title="Yayla">platodan</a> oluşur. Birkaç vadi ve <a href="/wiki/Vadi_(nehir_yata%C4%9F%C4%B1)" title="Vadi (nehir yatağı)">vadi</a> tarafından kesilmiştir. Batıda <a href="/wiki/Sitre_K%C3%B6rfezi" title="Sitre Körfezi">Sidra Körfezi</a> ve doğuda <a href="/wiki/Levanten_koridoru" title="Levanten koridoru">Levanten Koridoru</a> ile kuzeyi <a href="/wiki/Akdeniz" title="Akdeniz">Akdeniz'e</a> bağlayan yarımadanın kuzeybatı bölümünü oluşturur. <a href="/wiki/Bingazi" title="Bingazi">Bingazi'den</a> doğuya, <a href="/wiki/Derne" title="Derne">Derne İlinin</a> hemen doğusuna doğru uzanır ve yaklaşık 330 kilometre (210&#160;mi) alanı kaplar. Aşınma ve çökme sebebi ile plato bazen 16 kilometre (9,9&#160;mi) kıyı burunlarından oluşur.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Röhlich_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Röhlich-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Platonun son yükselişi ve kemerlenmesi <a href="/wiki/Miyosen" title="Miyosen">Miyosen'de</a> tamamlanmıştır.<sup id="cite_ref-Röhlich_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Röhlich-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bölge, bir bütün olarak ele alındığında dünyadaki <a href="/wiki/Orman_alan%C4%B1na_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Orman alanına göre ülkeler listesi">en az ormanlık ülkelerden</a> biri olan Libya'nın çok az ormanlık alanlarından biridir. Libya'nın ortalama yıllık yağış miktarının çok üzerinde yağış alır ve Libya gibi kurak bir ülkede ender görülen zengin meyve, patates ve tahıl tarımına olanak sağlar.<sup id="cite_ref-HJ_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HJ-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Jebel Akhdar'ın içinde ve çevresinde develer, göçebe çobanlarca keçiler ve koyunlar güdülür.<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bitki_örtüsü"><span id="Bitki_.C3.B6rt.C3.BCs.C3.BC"></span>Bitki örtüsü</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jebel_Akhdar_(Libya)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Bitki örtüsü" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jebel_Akhdar_(Libya)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Bitki örtüsü"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Al_Bakour4.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Al_Bakour4.JPG/220px-Al_Bakour4.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Al_Bakour4.JPG/330px-Al_Bakour4.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Al_Bakour4.JPG/440px-Al_Bakour4.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Akhdar dağlarının Al-Bakur yamacındaki seyrek ormanlık alan</figcaption></figure> <p>Libya'nın çoğunda hüküm süren kuraklığın belirgin bir aksine, bu bölgede toplam 3200&#160;km <sup>2</sup> civarında ormanlık alanlar var, ancak orijinal ormanın yaklaşık üçte biri tarıma yer açmak için şimdiden yok edilmiş durumda. Ormanlara ek olarak, geniş <a href="/wiki/Maki" title="Maki">maki</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Bozk%C4%B1r" title="Bozkır">bozkır</a> benzeri bitki örtüsü alanları da vardır. Tipik maki türleri, Fenike ardıcı (<i>Juniperus phoenicea</i> ), sakız ağacı (<i>Pistacia lentiscus</i> ), Kermes meşesi (<i>Qercus coccifera</i> ) ve keçiboynuzu ağacıdır (<i>Ceratonia siliqua</i> ). Daha kuru bozkır benzeri alanlarda, dallı çirişotu (<i>Asphodelus ramosus</i> ), dikenli burun (Sarcopoterium spinosum ) ve beyaz pelin (<i>Artemisia herba-alba</i> ) baskındır.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Libya'daki endemik bitki türlerinin yarısından fazlası Jebel Akhdar'da bulunur ve bunlardan yalnızca yedisi bu bölgede bulunur </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tarihi">Tarihi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jebel_Akhdar_(Libya)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Tarihi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jebel_Akhdar_(Libya)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Tarihi"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Antik">Antik</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jebel_Akhdar_(Libya)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Antik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jebel_Akhdar_(Libya)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Antik"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Al-Jabal_Al-Akhdar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Al-Jabal_Al-Akhdar.jpg/220px-Al-Jabal_Al-Akhdar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Al-Jabal_Al-Akhdar.jpg/330px-Al-Jabal_Al-Akhdar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Al-Jabal_Al-Akhdar.jpg/440px-Al-Jabal_Al-Akhdar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="541" /></a><figcaption>Jebel Akhdar'dan bir görsel.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Yeni_Krall%C4%B1k" title="Yeni Krallık">Yeni Mısır Krallığı</a> sırasında oluşturulan belgeler, batıda kasabalarda yaşayan ve bol miktarda hayvanı olan büyük metal işçileri popülasyonunun olduğunu şöyle kaydediyor: "Libyalılar" için tek makul yer Jebel Akhdar'dır.<sup id="cite_ref-Oxford_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oxford-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Antik <a href="/wiki/Antik_Yunanistan" title="Antik Yunanistan">Yunan</a> <a href="/wiki/Kirene" title="Kirene">Kirene</a> kolonisi, kalıntıları kalan Jebel Akhdar'da ki yemyeşil bir vadide bulunuyordu.<sup id="cite_ref-Livius_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Livius-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> MÖ 600 civarında yemyeşil vadilerini kolonileştirdiklerinde Jebal Akhdar'a tarımı başlatan Yunanlılardı.<sup id="cite_ref-HJ_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HJ-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="İtalyan_işgali"><span id=".C4.B0talyan_i.C5.9Fgali"></span>İtalyan işgali</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jebel_Akhdar_(Libya)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: İtalyan işgali" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jebel_Akhdar_(Libya)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: İtalyan işgali"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>İtalyan işgali sırasında bu dağlar tarım için umut verici bir alan olarak tanımlandı ve 1930'larda birçok İtalyan buraya taşındı. Bu yerleşim, 2. Dünya Savaşı sırasında kesintiye uğradı ve köyler ve çiftlikler terk edildi ve daha sonra Libyalılar tarafından yeniden işgal edildi. Sıradağlar, II. Dünya Savaşı sırasında <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0ngiliz_Milletler_Toplulu%C4%9Fu" title="İngiliz Milletler Topluluğu">İngiliz Milletler Topluluğu</a> ile <a href="/wiki/Mihver_Devletleri" title="Mihver Devletleri">Mihver Devletleri</a> arasındaki büyük savaşların yapıldığı bir yerdi.<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kurtuluş"><span id="Kurtulu.C5.9F"></span>Kurtuluş</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jebel_Akhdar_(Libya)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Kurtuluş" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jebel_Akhdar_(Libya)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Kurtuluş"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Libya lideri <a href="/wiki/%C3%96mer_Muhtar" title="Ömer Muhtar">Omar al-Muhtar</a>, yirmi yıldan fazla bir süredir Libya'nın İtalyan kolonizasyonuna direnmek için bu yoğun ormanlık dağlık bölgeyi kullandı.<sup id="cite_ref-symbol_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-symbol-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ayrıca_bakınız"><span id="Ayr.C4.B1ca_bak.C4.B1n.C4.B1z"></span>Ayrıca bakınız</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jebel_Akhdar_(Libya)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Ayrıca bakınız" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jebel_Akhdar_(Libya)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Ayrıca bakınız"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Akdeniz'in kuru ormanlık alanları ve bozkırları - <i>alçak kotlar</i></li> <li>Akdeniz ormanlık alanları ve ormanları - <i>daha yüksek rakımlar</i></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r32805677">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-count:2}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-count:3}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak akademik-dergi">Carter, Theresa Howard (1963). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.penn.museum/documents/publications/expedition/PDFs/5-3/Reconnaissance.pdf">"Reconnaissance in Cyrenaica"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Expedition</i>. University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology. <b>5</b> (3): 18-27, page 18. 31 Ağustos 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210831213426/https://www.penn.museum/documents/publications/expedition/PDFs/5-3/Reconnaissance.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">11 Nisan</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Reconnaissance+in+Cyrenaica&amp;rft.pages=18-27%2C+page+18&amp;rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Museum+of+Archaeology+and+Anthropology&amp;rft.date=1963&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.penn.museum%2Fdocuments%2Fpublications%2Fexpedition%2FPDFs%2F5-3%2FReconnaissance.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AJebel+Akhdar+%28Libya%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Röhlich-2"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-Röhlich_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Röhlich_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak akademik-dergi">Röhlich, Pavel (1978). "Geological development of Jabal al Akhdar, Libya". <i>Geologische Rundschau</i>. <b>67</b> (2): 401-412. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01802797">10.1007/BF01802797</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Geological+development+of+Jabal+al+Akhdar%2C+Libya&amp;rft.pages=401-412&amp;rft.date=1978&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF01802797&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AJebel+Akhdar+%28Libya%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HJ-3"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-HJ_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HJ_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161128050415/http://www.hiddenjourneys.co.uk/London-Dar-Es-Salaam/Cyrenaica/Highest.aspx">"Cyrenaica at 1300m"</a>. Hidden Journeys. 28 Kasım 2016 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hiddenjourneys.co.uk/London-Dar-Es-Salaam/Cyrenaica/Highest.aspx">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 27 Kasım 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Cyrenaica+at+1300m&amp;rft.pub=Hidden+Journeys&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hiddenjourneys.co.uk%2FLondon-Dar-Es-Salaam%2FCyrenaica%2FHighest.aspx&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AJebel+Akhdar+%28Libya%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Britannica-4"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150906022023/https://www.britannica.com/place/Akhdar-Mountains">"Akhdar Mountains"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. 6 Eylül 2015 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Akhdar-Mountains">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 27 Kasım 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Akhdar+Mountains&amp;rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FAkhdar-Mountains&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AJebel+Akhdar+%28Libya%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Benzabih, Hosney A. (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/nuevocodigodeco00spaigoog/page/195">"The Jabal Al Akhdar: A Half Century of Nomadic Livelihood"</a>. Malachlon, K. S. (Ed.). <i>Social and Economic Development of Libya</i>. Wisbech, Cambridgeshire, England: Menas Press. ss.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/nuevocodigodeco00spaigoog/page/195">195-206</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-906559-10-9" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-906559-10-9">978-0-906559-10-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=The+Jabal+Al+Akhdar%3A+A+Half+Century+of+Nomadic+Livelihood&amp;rft.btitle=Social+and+Economic+Development+of+Libya&amp;rft.place=Wisbech%2C+Cambridgeshire%2C+England&amp;rft.pages=195-206&amp;rft.pub=Menas+Press&amp;rft.date=1982&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-906559-10-9&amp;rft.au=Benzabih%2C+Hosney+A.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnuevocodigodeco00spaigoog%2Fpage%2F195&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AJebel+Akhdar+%28Libya%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">r <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;ad1=</code> eksik <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;soyadı1=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:KB1_hatalar%C4%B1#first_missing_last" title="Yardım:KB1 hataları">yardım</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">r eksik <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;soyadı2=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:KB1_hatalar%C4%B1#missing_name" title="Yardım:KB1 hataları">yardım</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">El-Darier, S.M., El-Mogaspi, F.M. "Ethnobotany and Relative Importance of Some Endemic Plant Species at El-Jabal El-Akhdar Region (Libya)" <i>World Journal of Agricultural Sciences</i> Band 5, Nr. 3, 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oxford-7"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Oxford_7-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Peter Mitchell; Paul Lane (2013). <i>The Oxford Handbook of African Archaeology</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0191626159" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0191626159">978-0191626159</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+African+Archaeology&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2013&amp;rft.isbn=978-0191626159&amp;rft.au=Peter+Mitchell&amp;rft.au=Paul+Lane&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AJebel+Akhdar+%28Libya%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Yazar eksik <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;soyadı1=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:KB1_hatalar%C4%B1#missing_name" title="Yardım:KB1 hataları">yardım</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Livius-8"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Livius_8-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150906033020/https://www.livius.org/articles/place/cyrenaica/">"Cyrenaica"</a>. Livius. 6 Eylül 2015 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.livius.org/articles/place/cyrenaica/">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 27 Kasım 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Cyrenaica&amp;rft.pub=Livius&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.livius.org%2Farticles%2Fplace%2Fcyrenaica%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AJebel+Akhdar+%28Libya%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-symbol-9"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-symbol_9-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140507050459/http://www.worldbulletin.net/historical-document/135231/a-symbol-of-resistance-omar-mukhtar">"A symbol of resistance: Omar Mukhtar"</a>. Worldbulletin News. 7 Mayıs 2014 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldbulletin.net/historical-document/135231/a-symbol-of-resistance-omar-mukhtar">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 27 Kasım 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=A+symbol+of+resistance%3A+Omar+Mukhtar&amp;rft.pub=Worldbulletin+News&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldbulletin.net%2Fhistorical-document%2F135231%2Fa-symbol-of-resistance-omar-mukhtar&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AJebel+Akhdar+%28Libya%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div><div style="clear:both;"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Otorite_kontrolü_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Bunu_Vikiveri&amp;#039;de_düzenleyin&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310342&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Bunu_Vikiveri&amp;#039;de_düzenleyin" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Otorite_kontrolü_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Bunu_Vikiveri&amp;#039;de_düzenleyin&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310342&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Bunu_Vikiveri&amp;#039;de_düzenleyin" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Otorite_kontrol%C3%BC" title="Otorite kontrolü">Otorite kontrolü</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310342" title="Bunu Vikiveri&#39;de düzenleyin"><img alt="Bunu Vikiveri&#39;de düzenleyin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCmle%C5%9Fik_Otorite_Dosyas%C4%B1" title="Tümleşik Otorite Dosyası">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4449052-5">4449052-5</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Sanal_Otorite_Dosyas%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Sanal Otorite Dosyası">VIAF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/248263761">248263761</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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