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id="mf-section-0"> <div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Homonymie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375"></a></span> </div> <div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour les articles homonymes, voir <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re_(homonymie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Madère (homonymie)">Madère (homonymie)</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madeira_(homonymie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Madeira (homonymie)">Madeira (homonymie)</a>.</p> </div> </div> <div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Homonymie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Confusion_colour.svg/20px-Confusion_colour.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Confusion_colour.svg/30px-Confusion_colour.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Confusion_colour.svg/40px-Confusion_colour.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200"></a></span> </div> <div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Cet article traite de l'archipel et région portugaise de Madère. Pour l'île principale, voir <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Ele_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Île de Madère">Île de Madère</a>.</p> </div> </div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <p><b>Madère</b> (en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portugais?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portugais">portugais</a> : <span class="lang-pt" lang="pt"><i>Madeira</i></span>) est un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Archipel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Archipel">archipel</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Volcan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Volcan">volcanique</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portugal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portugal">portugais</a> situé dans l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oc%C3%A9an_Atlantique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Océan Atlantique">océan Atlantique</a> à 800 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> de l'extrême sud-ouest du continent européen, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Cap_de_Sagres&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Cap de Sagres (page inexistante)">Cap de Sagres</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponta_de_Sagres" class="extiw" title="pt:Ponta de Sagres"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en portugais : « Ponta de Sagres »">(pt)</span></a>, 973 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> de la capitale du Portugal, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lisbonne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lisbonne">Lisbonne</a>, et à 640 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> au nord-nord-ouest du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cap_Juby?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cap Juby">cap Juby</a> dans la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Province_de_Tarfaya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Province de Tarfaya">province de Tarfaya</a> au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maroc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maroc">Maroc</a>. Il est composé de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Ele_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Île de Madère">île éponyme</a>, de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Porto_Santo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Porto Santo">Porto Santo</a> et de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_%C3%AElots_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des îlots de Madère">plusieurs autres petites îles</a>.</p> <table class="infobox_v2 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive"> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="entete entete map" style="background-color:#e0e0e0;color:black;">Région autonome de Madère <br><small></small><p><i>Região Autónoma da Madeira</i> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : multilingue">(mul)</abbr></p><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r151886662">.mw-parser-output .entete.map{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Picto_infobox_map.png")}</style></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="1" align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Coat_of_arms_of_Madeira.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Blason de Région autonome de Madère"><img alt="Blason de Région autonome de Madère" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Coat_of_arms_of_Madeira.svg/65px-Coat_of_arms_of_Madeira.svg.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Coat_of_arms_of_Madeira.svg/98px-Coat_of_arms_of_Madeira.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Coat_of_arms_of_Madeira.svg/130px-Coat_of_arms_of_Madeira.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="474" data-file-height="540"></a></span><br><small><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Armoiries_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Armoiries de Madère">Armoiries</a> </small></td> <td colspan="1" align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Madeira.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de Région autonome de Madère"><img alt="Drapeau de Région autonome de Madère" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_Madeira.svg/130px-Flag_of_Madeira.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_Madeira.svg/195px-Flag_of_Madeira.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_Madeira.svg/260px-Flag_of_Madeira.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800"></a></span><br><small><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Drapeau_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Drapeau de Madère">Drapeau</a> </small></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; line-height: 1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Fichier:Regiao_Autonoma_da_Madeira_in_Portugal_(complete).svg&lang=fr&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Image illustrative de l’article Madère" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Regiao_Autonoma_da_Madeira_in_Portugal_%28complete%29.svg/langfr-280px-Regiao_Autonoma_da_Madeira_in_Portugal_%28complete%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Regiao_Autonoma_da_Madeira_in_Portugal_%2528complete%2529.svg/langfr-420px-Regiao_Autonoma_da_Madeira_in_Portugal_%2528complete%2529.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Regiao_Autonoma_da_Madeira_in_Portugal_%2528complete%2529.svg/langfr-560px-Regiao_Autonoma_da_Madeira_in_Portugal_%2528complete%2529.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2280" data-file-height="1256"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#e0e0e0; color:#000000">Administration</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_pays_du_monde?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des pays du monde">Pays</a></th> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Portugal"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Portugal.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Portugal"><img alt="Drapeau du Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/20px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/30px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/40px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400"></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portugal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Statut politique</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9gions_du_Portugal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Régions du Portugal">Région autonome</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Capitale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Capitale">Capitale</a></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Funchal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Funchal">Funchal</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_de_formes_de_gouvernements?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste de formes de gouvernements">Gouvernement</a><br> - <i><small><small>Représentant de la République</small></small><br> - <small><small>Président du gouvernement régional</small></small></i></th> <td><br> Ireneu Cabral Barreto<br><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Miguel_Albuquerque?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Miguel Albuquerque">Miguel Albuquerque</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#e0e0e0; color:#000000">Démographie</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gentil%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gentilé">Gentilé</a></th> <td>Madérois, Madéroise<br> Madérien, Madérienne</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Recensement_de_la_population?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Recensement de la population">Population</a></th> <td>270 133 <abbr class="abbr" title="habitant">hab.</abbr> <small>(2018)</small></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="vertical-align: bottom"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Densit%C3%A9_de_population?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Densité de population">Densité</a></th> <td>337 <abbr class="abbr" title="habitant par kilomètre carré">hab./km<sup>2</sup></abbr></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Langue(s)</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portugais?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portugais">Portugais</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produit_int%C3%A9rieur_brut?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Produit intérieur brut">PIB</a> <small>(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2018?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2018">2018</a>)</small><br>  · PIB/<abbr class="abbr" title="habitant">hab.</abbr></th> <td>5 milliards d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Euro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Euro">euros</a><br> 18 775</td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#e0e0e0; color:#000000">Géographie</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Coordonn%C3%A9es_g%C3%A9ographiques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Coordonnées géographiques">Coordonnées</a></th> <td><a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Map/9/32.75/-17/fr?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-zoom="9" data-lat="32.75" data-lon="-17" data-overlays="["_23ed881634e4f6e11de7df98d48b2dad772c9612"]">32° 45′ nord, 17° 00′ ouest</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aire_(g%C3%A9om%C3%A9trie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Superficie" title="Aire (géométrie)">Superficie</a></th> <td>801 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre carré">km<sup>2</sup></abbr></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#e0e0e0; color:#000000">Divers</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monnaie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monnaie">Monnaie</a></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Euro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Euro">Euro</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fuseau_horaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fuseau horaire">Fuseau horaire</a></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Temps_universel_coordonn%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Temps universel coordonné">UTC</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Heure_d%27Europe_de_l%27Ouest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Heure d'Europe de l'Ouest">WET</a>) <p>Heure d'été: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Temps_universel_coordonn%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Temps universel coordonné">UTC</a> +1 (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Heure_d%27Europe_de_l%27Ouest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Heure d'Europe de l'Ouest">WEST</a>)</p></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Domaine_de_premier_niveau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Domaine de premier niveau">Domaine internet</a></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.pt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".pt">.pt</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="nowrap"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_indicatifs_t%C3%A9l%C3%A9phoniques_internationaux_par_pays?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des indicatifs téléphoniques internationaux par pays">Indicatif téléphonique</a></span></th> <td>+(351)291</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hymne_national?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hymne national">Hymne</a></th> <td><i><span class="lang-pt" lang="pt">Hino da região autónoma da Madeira</span></i><br><span style="font-size:90%;"><i>Hymne de la région autonome de Madère</i></span><br> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"> <span> <audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="103" data-mwtitle="Hino_da_Região_Autónoma_da_Madeira.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"> <source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/92/Hino_da_Regi%C3%A3o_Aut%C3%B3noma_da_Madeira.ogg/Hino_da_Regi%C3%A3o_Aut%C3%B3noma_da_Madeira.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Hino_da_Regi%C3%A3o_Aut%C3%B3noma_da_Madeira.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"> </audio></span> <figcaption></figcaption> </figure> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Devise_(phrase)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Devise (phrase)">Devise</a></th> <td><span class="lang-pt" lang="pt"><i>Das Ilhas, as mais belas e livres</i></span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:left;"> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px #e0e0e0 solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DMad%25C3%25A8re%26action%3Dedit%26section%3D0"><span class="infodoc">modifier</span></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_Territoire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></a></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Il constitue une <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9gions_du_Portugal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Régions du Portugal">région autonome</a> sous le nom de <b>région autonome de Madère</b> (en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portugais?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portugais">portugais</a> : <span class="lang-pt" lang="pt"><i>Região Autónoma da Madeira</i></span>) dont <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Funchal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Funchal">Funchal</a> est la capitale.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Sommaire</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#G%C3%A9ographie"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Géographie</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Histoire_g%C3%A9ologique"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Histoire géologique</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Climat"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Climat</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Ecosyst%C3%A8me/Biotope"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Ecosystème/Biotope</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Flore"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Flore</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Faune"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Faune</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Histoire"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Histoire</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Politique_et_administration"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Politique et administration</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#D%C3%A9mographie"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Démographie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%C3%89conomie"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Économie</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Tourisme"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">Tourisme</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Transport"><span class="tocnumber">6.2</span> <span class="toctext">Transport</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Culture"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Culture</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Gastronomie"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">Gastronomie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Litt%C3%A9rature"><span class="tocnumber">7.2</span> <span class="toctext">Littérature</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre"><span class="tocnumber">7.3</span> <span class="toctext">Théâtre</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Cin%C3%A9ma"><span class="tocnumber">7.4</span> <span class="toctext">Cinéma</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Musique"><span class="tocnumber">7.5</span> <span class="toctext">Musique</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Enseignement"><span class="tocnumber">7.6</span> <span class="toctext">Enseignement</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Sport"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Sport</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Personnalit%C3%A9s_de_Mad%C3%A8re_ou_ayant_v%C3%A9cu_dans_l'archipel"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Personnalités de Madère ou ayant vécu dans l'archipel</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Annexes"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Annexes</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Articles_connexes"><span class="tocnumber">10.1</span> <span class="toctext">Articles connexes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Liens_externes"><span class="tocnumber">10.2</span> <span class="toctext">Liens externes</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Notes_et_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rences"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">Notes et références</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Géographie"><span id="G.C3.A9ographie"></span>Géographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Géographie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Madeira_topographic_map-fr.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="Carte décrite ci-après" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Madeira_topographic_map-fr.svg/220px-Madeira_topographic_map-fr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="191" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1194" data-file-height="1037"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 191px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Madeira_topographic_map-fr.svg/220px-Madeira_topographic_map-fr.svg.png" data-alt="Carte décrite ci-après" data-width="220" data-height="191" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Madeira_topographic_map-fr.svg/330px-Madeira_topographic_map-fr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Madeira_topographic_map-fr.svg/440px-Madeira_topographic_map-fr.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Carte topographique de l'archipel de Madère sans les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Eles_Selvagens?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Îles Selvagens">îles Selvagens</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Foggy_Fanal_forest_in_Seixal,_Porto_Moniz,_Madeira,_2023_May.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Foggy_Fanal_forest_in_Seixal%2C_Porto_Moniz%2C_Madeira%2C_2023_May.jpg/220px-Foggy_Fanal_forest_in_Seixal%2C_Porto_Moniz%2C_Madeira%2C_2023_May.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4200" data-file-height="2800"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Foggy_Fanal_forest_in_Seixal%2C_Porto_Moniz%2C_Madeira%2C_2023_May.jpg/220px-Foggy_Fanal_forest_in_Seixal%2C_Porto_Moniz%2C_Madeira%2C_2023_May.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Foggy_Fanal_forest_in_Seixal%2C_Porto_Moniz%2C_Madeira%2C_2023_May.jpg/330px-Foggy_Fanal_forest_in_Seixal%2C_Porto_Moniz%2C_Madeira%2C_2023_May.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Foggy_Fanal_forest_in_Seixal%2C_Porto_Moniz%2C_Madeira%2C_2023_May.jpg/440px-Foggy_Fanal_forest_in_Seixal%2C_Porto_Moniz%2C_Madeira%2C_2023_May.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Forêt de Fanal, aire protégée. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o,_Madeira,_Portugal,_2019-05-28,_DD_31.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o%2C_Madeira%2C_Portugal%2C_2019-05-28%2C_DD_31.jpg/220px-Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o%2C_Madeira%2C_Portugal%2C_2019-05-28%2C_DD_31.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="7835" data-file-height="5419"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 152px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o%2C_Madeira%2C_Portugal%2C_2019-05-28%2C_DD_31.jpg/220px-Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o%2C_Madeira%2C_Portugal%2C_2019-05-28%2C_DD_31.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="152" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o%2C_Madeira%2C_Portugal%2C_2019-05-28%2C_DD_31.jpg/330px-Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o%2C_Madeira%2C_Portugal%2C_2019-05-28%2C_DD_31.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o%2C_Madeira%2C_Portugal%2C_2019-05-28%2C_DD_31.jpg/440px-Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o%2C_Madeira%2C_Portugal%2C_2019-05-28%2C_DD_31.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ponta de São Lourenço">Ponta de São Lourenço</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Les îles sont d'origine <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Volcan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Volcan">volcanique</a> et situées sur la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plaque_africaine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Plaque africaine">plaque africaine</a>. La dernière <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ruption_volcanique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Éruption volcanique">éruption</a> remonte à 6 000 ou 7 000 ans<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Ele?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Île">L’île</a> principale, d'une superficie de 750 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre carré">km<sup>2</sup></abbr> est très verdoyante, lui conférant des paysages remarquables qui en font une destination de renommée pour la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Randonn%C3%A9e_p%C3%A9destre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Randonnée pédestre">randonnée pédestre</a>. Elle est une destination <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tourisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tourisme">touristique</a> prisée depuis quelques décennies. L'altitude de l'île, ainsi que la complexité de son relief permettent d'identifier de nombreux microclimats, permettant l'existence de plusieurs types d'habitats.</p> <p>Baigné par l'océan Atlantique, l'archipel de Madère, qui fait partie de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Macaron%C3%A9sie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Macaronésie">Macaronésie</a>, comprend :</p> <ul> <li>l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Ele_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Île de Madère">île de Madère</a> (750 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre carré">km<sup>2</sup></abbr>), constitue 90 % des terres de l'archipel. Elle est d'origine <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Volcan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Volcan">volcanique</a> et présente un profil <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89rosion?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Érosion">érodé</a> ;</li> <li>l'île de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Porto_Santo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Porto Santo">Porto Santo</a> et les îlots (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Elot_de_Cima?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Îlot de Cima">îlot de Cima</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Elot_de_Ferro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Îlot de Ferro">îlot de Ferro</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Elot_de_Cal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Îlot de Cal">îlot de Cal</a>…) qui en dépendent (43 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre carré">km<sup>2</sup></abbr>) ainsi que deux groupes d'ilots déserts qui sont des réserves naturelles ;</li> <li>les trois <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Eles_Desertas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Îles Desertas">îles Desertas</a> (14 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre carré">km<sup>2</sup></abbr>), à savoir : <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Deserta_Grande?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Deserta Grande">Deserta Grande</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Ele_de_Bugio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Île de Bugio">île de Bugio</a>,</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Elot_Ch%C3%A3o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Îlot Chão">îlot Chão</a>.</li> </ul></li> <li>Les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Eles_Selvagens?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Îles Selvagens">îles Selvagens</a> (4 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre carré">km<sup>2</sup></abbr>) sont inhabitées<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>Elles sont situées à environ 300 km au sud de Madère et à 160 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> au nord de l'île de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tenerife?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a>, aux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Eles_Canaries?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Îles Canaries">îles Canaries</a>, et font également partie de la région autonome de Madère : <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Selvagem_Grande?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Selvagem Grande">Selvagem Grande</a> ;</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Selvagem_Pequena?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Selvagem Pequena">Selvagem Pequena</a> ;</li> <li>l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Elot_de_Fora?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Îlot de Fora">îlot de Fora</a>.</li> </ul></li> </ul> <p><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Funchal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Funchal">Funchal</a>, la capitale de la région autonome, est distante de 450 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Eles_Canaries?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Îles Canaries">îles Canaries</a>, de 647 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Afrique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Afrique">continent africain</a>, de 891 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vila_do_Porto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vila do Porto">Vila do Porto</a>, à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Santa_Maria_(A%C3%A7ores)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Santa Maria (Açores)">Santa Maria</a>, l'île la plus proche des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/A%C3%A7ores?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Açores">Açores</a>, et de 973 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lisbonne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lisbonne">Lisbonne</a>.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:BicaDaCana2.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/BicaDaCana2.jpg/220px-BicaDaCana2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/BicaDaCana2.jpg/220px-BicaDaCana2.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/BicaDaCana2.jpg/330px-BicaDaCana2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/BicaDaCana2.jpg/440px-BicaDaCana2.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Bica da Cana. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Porto_santo_island_panorama.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Porto_santo_island_panorama.jpg/660px-Porto_santo_island_panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="660" height="192" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="12083" data-file-height="3513"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 660px;height: 192px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Porto_santo_island_panorama.jpg/660px-Porto_santo_island_panorama.jpg" data-width="660" data-height="192" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Porto_santo_island_panorama.jpg/990px-Porto_santo_island_panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Porto_santo_island_panorama.jpg/1320px-Porto_santo_island_panorama.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Panorama du côté sud-est de l'île de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Porto_Santo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Porto Santo">Porto Santo</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p><br></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Histoire_géologique"><span id="Histoire_g.C3.A9ologique"></span>Histoire <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/G%C3%A9ologie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Géologie">géologique</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Histoire géologique" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>L'île de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Porto_Santo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Porto Santo">Porto Santo</a> est la première île à se former, il y a environ 19 millions d'années au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mioc%C3%A8ne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Miocène">Miocène</a>, pour émerger 11 millions d'années plus tard (il y a 8 millions d'années). La plus récente est l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Ele_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Île de Madère">île de Madère</a>, ayant émergée lors de la transition du Miocène au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plioc%C3%A8ne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pliocène">Pliocène</a>, il y a environ 5 millions d'années, présentant un relief moins érodé que les autres îles.</p> <p>Depuis son émergence jusqu'à aujourd'hui, on peut noter cinq phases liées au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Volcanisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Volcanisme">volcanisme</a> de leur formation, particulièrement visibles dans diverses parties de l'île de Madère :</p> <ul> <li>Formation de base, caractérisée par de grandes éruptions et expulsions de matière, qui a duré 3 millions d'années.</li> <li>Formation périphérique, où il y a une réduction significative des conditions ci-dessus avec la formation de quelques dykes et plateaux, qui se sont terminés il y à 740 000 ans.</li> <li>Formations des Hautes Terres, marquées par l'expulsion continue de matières pyroclastiques et la formation des falaises des côtes nord et sud, s'étendant entre 400 et 900 m. Cette étape qui s'est achevée il y a environ 620 000 ans.</li> <li>Formation des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Basalte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Basalte">basaltes</a> Paul de Serra due à une fissure sur le site de <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Bica">Bica</a> da Cana</i> il y a 550 000 ans.</li> <li>Des éruptions qui cessent il y à 6500 ans et définissent les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Relief_(g%C3%A9omorphologie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Relief (géomorphologie)">reliefs</a> actuels. Ce sont les derniers fluides magmatiques.</li> </ul> <p>Le volcanisme constant, ajouté à l'érosion et aux mouvements tectoniques, ont façonné les différentes îles de l'archipel dans ce qu'elles sont aujourd'hui, leur donnant une direction qui coïncide avec le mouvement de la plaque africaine.</p> <div class="thumb" align="center" style="border-color:transparent; border-right:0; border-left:0"> <div class="thumbinner" style="max-width:902px"> <div class="thumbimage noresize" style="overflow-x:auto; overflow-y:hidden;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:SMT_of_the_NE_Atlantic-Ocean.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Monts sous-marins de l’Atlantique Nord-Est entre Madère et le Portugal continental avec l’archipel de Madère dans le coin inférieur gauche"> <noscript> <img alt="Image panoramique" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/SMT_of_the_NE_Atlantic-Ocean.svg/900px-SMT_of_the_NE_Atlantic-Ocean.svg.png" decoding="async" width="900" height="422" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1441" data-file-height="675"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 900px;height: 422px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/SMT_of_the_NE_Atlantic-Ocean.svg/900px-SMT_of_the_NE_Atlantic-Ocean.svg.png" data-alt="Image panoramique" data-width="900" data-height="422" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/SMT_of_the_NE_Atlantic-Ocean.svg/1350px-SMT_of_the_NE_Atlantic-Ocean.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/SMT_of_the_NE_Atlantic-Ocean.svg/1800px-SMT_of_the_NE_Atlantic-Ocean.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:center"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mont_sous-marin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mont sous-marin">Monts sous-marins</a> de l’Atlantique Nord-Est entre Madère et le Portugal continental avec l’archipel de Madère dans le coin inférieur gauche <div class="magnify"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:SMT_of_the_NE_Atlantic-Ocean.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fichier:SMT of the NE Atlantic-Ocean.svg"> <noscript> <img alt="Voir le fichier" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Magnify-clip.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="11"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 15px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Magnify-clip.png" data-alt="Voir le fichier" data-width="15" data-height="11" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Climat">Climat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Climat" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Cascata_-_Laurissilva_da_Madeira.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Cascata_-_Laurissilva_da_Madeira.JPG/220px-Cascata_-_Laurissilva_da_Madeira.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 293px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Cascata_-_Laurissilva_da_Madeira.JPG/220px-Cascata_-_Laurissilva_da_Madeira.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="293" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Cascata_-_Laurissilva_da_Madeira.JPG/330px-Cascata_-_Laurissilva_da_Madeira.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Cascata_-_Laurissilva_da_Madeira.JPG/440px-Cascata_-_Laurissilva_da_Madeira.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chute_d%27eau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chute d'eau">Chute d'eau</a>, à Folhadal. </figcaption> </figure> <p>L'archipel de Madère est situé en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zone_subtropicale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zone subtropicale">zone subtropicale</a> : le climat de l'île est océanique subtropical, très doux toute l'année, avec une amplitude thermique annuelle faible (<span title="66,2 °F ou 292,2 K">19 </span><abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr> l'hiver, <span title="78,8 °F ou 299,2 K">26 </span><abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr> l'été à Funchal l'après-midi) car les températures sont toujours tempérées par l'océan Atlantique, dont la température varie entre <span title="62,6 °F ou 290,2 K">17 </span><abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr> l'hiver et <span title="71,6 °F ou 295,2 K">22 </span><abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr> l'été. De grandes différences climatiques sont constatées dans l'archipel et le temps peut changer rapidement.</p> <p>Les jours de forte chaleur sont rares même en été, grâce à la brise océane, et la température descend rarement au-dessous de <span title="50 °F ou 283,2 K">10 </span><abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr> l'hiver. Le vent souffle d'ouest à nord-ouest en hiver (circulation tempérée) et de nord-est en été (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aliz%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alizé">alizés</a>). D'où un contraste saisissant entre une partie nord souvent brumeuse et très arrosée et une partie sud plus sèche et plus ensoleillée, surtout en été.</p> <p>Les précipitations varient de 700 <abbr class="abbr" title="millimètre">mm</abbr> au sud-est de l'île principale à plus de 2 000 <abbr class="abbr" title="millimètre">mm</abbr> sur la côte nord. Le brouillard recouvre très souvent les sommets par l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Effet_de_foehn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Effet de foehn">effet de foehn</a>, engendrant une température plus fraîche que sur la côte. Les précipitations tombent essentiellement d'octobre à mars (régime océanique) et la sécheresse sévit de mai à septembre (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anticyclone_des_A%C3%A7ores?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anticyclone des Açores">anticyclone des Açores</a>), bien que des averses puissent aussi survenir en été.</p> <p>Pour profiter des précipitations régulières du nord et de l'ensoleillement du sud de l'île principale, les Madériens ont construit un vaste réseau de canaux sinuant le long des courbes de niveau (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Levada?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Levada">levadas</a>), réseau qui parcourt toute l'île principale.</p> <p>Moins montagneuses, les autres petites îles retiennent moins les précipitations. Ainsi, l'île de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Porto_Santo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Porto Santo">Porto Santo</a> ne recueille que 362 <abbr class="abbr" title="millimètre">mm</abbr> de pluies par an, ce qui rend son climat pratiquement <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Climat_semi-aride?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Climat semi-aride">semi-aride</a>. Il y a par contre peu de différences sur l'ensoleillement avec 2 241 <abbr class="abbr" title="heure">h</abbr> de soleil par an à Porto Santo contre 2165 à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Funchal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Funchal">Funchal</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <table class="wikitable sortable centre" style="text-align:center; background: var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:var(--color-emphasized, #000);"> <caption> Relevé météorologique de Funchal (altitude : 58 <abbr class="abbr" title="mètre">m</abbr>, période: 1961-1990) </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">Mois</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable"><abbr title="janvier">jan.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable"><abbr title="février">fév.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">mars</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">avril</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">mai</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">juin</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable"><abbr title="juillet">jui.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">août</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable"><abbr title="septembre">sep.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable"><abbr title="octobre">oct.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable"><abbr title="novembre">nov.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable"><abbr title="décembre">déc.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">année</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Température minimale moyenne (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Degr%C3%A9_Celsius?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Degré Celsius">°C</a>)</th> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">13,1</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">12,8</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">13</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">13,4</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">14,6</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">16,5</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">18</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">18,9</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">18,9</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">17,6</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">15,6</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">13,9</td> <td><b>15,5</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Température maximale moyenne (°C)</th> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">19,1</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">19,1</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">19,5</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">19,6</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">20,9</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">22,3</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">24,3</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">25,6</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">25,7</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">24,2</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">22</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">20</td> <td><b>21,9</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Ensoleillement (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Heure?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Heure">h</a>)</th> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">167,4</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">171,1</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">204,6</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">225</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">213,9</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">198</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">244,9</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">260,4</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">225</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">204,6</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">168</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">164,3</td> <td><b>2 447</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Précipitations (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Millim%C3%A8tre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Millimètre">mm</a>)</th> <td style="background-color:#B4C8FF">103</td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">87</td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">64</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">39</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">19</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">12</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">3</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">3</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">37</td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">75</td> <td style="background-color:#B4C8FF">101</td> <td style="background-color:#B4C8FF">100</td> <td><b>643</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Nombre de jours avec précipitations</th> <td>12</td> <td>11</td> <td>6</td> <td>8</td> <td>5</td> <td>3</td> <td>1</td> <td>2</td> <td>6</td> <td>9</td> <td>11</td> <td>13</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div style="margin-top: -1em; text-align:center; font-size:85%"> Source : Worldweather.org et ClimaTemps.com<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Ecosystème/Biotope"><span id="Ecosyst.C3.A8me.2FBiotope"></span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ecosyst%C3%A8me?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecosystème">Ecosystème</a>/<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biotope?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biotope">Biotope</a></h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Ecosystème/Biotope" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive"> <div class="entete" style="background-color: #cdde87;"> <div> Forêts sempervirentes de Madère <br><span style="font-size:0.6em;font-weight:normal;"><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89cor%C3%A9gion_terrestre_du_WWF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Écorégion terrestre du WWF">Écorégion terrestre</a> - Code PA0425</i></span> </div> </div> <div class="images"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Above_the_Clouds_(2679761575).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Above_the_Clouds_%282679761575%29.jpg/260px-Above_the_Clouds_%282679761575%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="172" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2828"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 260px;height: 172px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Above_the_Clouds_%282679761575%29.jpg/260px-Above_the_Clouds_%282679761575%29.jpg" data-alt="Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après" data-width="260" data-height="172" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Above_the_Clouds_%282679761575%29.jpg/390px-Above_the_Clouds_%282679761575%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Above_the_Clouds_%282679761575%29.jpg/520px-Above_the_Clouds_%282679761575%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="legend"> Végétation d'altitude sur l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Ele_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Île de Madère">île de Madère</a>. </div> <table> <caption style="background-color:#cdde87;"> Classification </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89cozone?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Écozone">Écozone</a> :</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pal%C3%A9arctique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Paléarctique">Paléarctique</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biome?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biome">Biome</a> :</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/For%C3%AAts_temp%C3%A9r%C3%A9es_d%C3%A9cidues_et_mixtes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Forêts tempérées décidues et mixtes">Forêts tempérées décidues et mixtes</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Global_200?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Global 200">Global 200</a> :</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/For%C3%AAts,_zones_bois%C3%A9es_et_maquis_m%C3%A9diterran%C3%A9ens_(Global_200)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Forêts, zones boisées et maquis méditerranéens (Global 200)">Forêts, zones boisées et maquis méditerranéens</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table> <caption style="background-color:#cdde87;"> Écologie </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:18em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/V%C3%A9g%C3%A9tal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Végétal">Espèces végétales</a> :</th> <td> <div style="text-align: right;"> 760 </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:18em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oiseau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Oiseau">Oiseaux</a>:</th> <td> <div style="text-align: right;"> 28 </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:18em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mammif%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mammifère">Mammifères</a>:</th> <td> <div style="text-align: right;"> 3 </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:18em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Squamata?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Squamata">Squamates</a>:</th> <td> <div style="text-align: right;"> 1 </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:18em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/End%C3%A9misme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Endémisme">Espèces endémiques</a> :</th> <td> <div style="text-align: right;"> 1 </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table> <caption style="background-color:#cdde87;"> Conservation </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:15em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89cor%C3%A9gion_terrestre_du_WWF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Statut_de_conservation" title="Écorégion terrestre du WWF">Statut</a>:</th> <td> <div style="text-align: right;"> Critique / En danger </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:15em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aire_prot%C3%A9g%C3%A9e?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aire protégée">Aires protégées</a> :</th> <td> <div style="text-align: right;"> 32,0 % </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:15em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anthropisation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anthropisation">Anthropisation</a> :</th> <td> <div style="text-align: right;"> 65,9 % </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:15em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Esp%C3%A8ce_menac%C3%A9e?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Espèce menacée">Espèces menacées</a> :</th> <td> <div style="text-align: right;"> 2 </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:15em;">Ressources web :</th> <td> <div style="text-align: right;"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/PA0425">Site du WWF</a> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="navbar bordered noprint" style="border-color:#cdde87;"><span class="plainlinks navigation-not-searchable"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DMad%25C3%25A8re%26action%3Dedit">modifier</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_%C3%89cor%C3%A9gion_terrestre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 12px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="12" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></p> </div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Laurisylve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Laurisylve">Laurisylve</a>. </div> </div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Laurissilva_da_Madeira_07.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Laurissilva_da_Madeira_07.jpg/120px-Laurissilva_da_Madeira_07.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="76" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1908" data-file-height="1204"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 76px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Laurissilva_da_Madeira_07.jpg/120px-Laurissilva_da_Madeira_07.jpg" data-width="120" data-height="76" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Laurissilva_da_Madeira_07.jpg/180px-Laurissilva_da_Madeira_07.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Laurissilva_da_Madeira_07.jpg/240px-Laurissilva_da_Madeira_07.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"></div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Madeira-01-0026_(7337290480).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Madeira-01-0026_%287337290480%29.jpg/120px-Madeira-01-0026_%287337290480%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 80px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Madeira-01-0026_%287337290480%29.jpg/120px-Madeira-01-0026_%287337290480%29.jpg" data-width="120" data-height="80" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Madeira-01-0026_%287337290480%29.jpg/180px-Madeira-01-0026_%287337290480%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Madeira-01-0026_%287337290480%29.jpg/240px-Madeira-01-0026_%287337290480%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"></div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Laurissilva_da_Madeira_10.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Laurissilva_da_Madeira_10.jpg/120px-Laurissilva_da_Madeira_10.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1340"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 79px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Laurissilva_da_Madeira_10.jpg/120px-Laurissilva_da_Madeira_10.jpg" data-width="120" data-height="79" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Laurissilva_da_Madeira_10.jpg/180px-Laurissilva_da_Madeira_10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Laurissilva_da_Madeira_10.jpg/240px-Laurissilva_da_Madeira_10.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"></div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Laurissilva_da_Madeira_17.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Laurissilva_da_Madeira_17.jpg/120px-Laurissilva_da_Madeira_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1361"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 80px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Laurissilva_da_Madeira_17.jpg/120px-Laurissilva_da_Madeira_17.jpg" data-width="120" data-height="80" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Laurissilva_da_Madeira_17.jpg/180px-Laurissilva_da_Madeira_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Laurissilva_da_Madeira_17.jpg/240px-Laurissilva_da_Madeira_17.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"></div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Laurazeen_wood_madeira_hg.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Laurazeen_wood_madeira_hg.jpg/120px-Laurazeen_wood_madeira_hg.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 90px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Laurazeen_wood_madeira_hg.jpg/120px-Laurazeen_wood_madeira_hg.jpg" data-width="120" data-height="90" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Laurazeen_wood_madeira_hg.jpg/180px-Laurazeen_wood_madeira_hg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Laurazeen_wood_madeira_hg.jpg/240px-Laurazeen_wood_madeira_hg.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"></div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:O_Fanal,_Ilha_da_Madeira,_Portugal.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/O_Fanal%2C_Ilha_da_Madeira%2C_Portugal.jpg/120px-O_Fanal%2C_Ilha_da_Madeira%2C_Portugal.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1282"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 80px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/O_Fanal%2C_Ilha_da_Madeira%2C_Portugal.jpg/120px-O_Fanal%2C_Ilha_da_Madeira%2C_Portugal.jpg" data-width="120" data-height="80" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/O_Fanal%2C_Ilha_da_Madeira%2C_Portugal.jpg/180px-O_Fanal%2C_Ilha_da_Madeira%2C_Portugal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/O_Fanal%2C_Ilha_da_Madeira%2C_Portugal.jpg/240px-O_Fanal%2C_Ilha_da_Madeira%2C_Portugal.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"></div></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Flore"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Flore?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Flore">Flore</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Flore" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>L'archipel constitue une <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89cor%C3%A9gion_terrestre_du_WWF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Écorégion terrestre du WWF">écorégion terrestre</a> dans la classification du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/WWF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="WWF">Fonds mondial pour la nature</a> sous le nom de « forêts sempervirentes de Madère », notamment <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Laurisylve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Laurisylve">Laurisylve</a>. Elle appartient au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biome?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biome">biome</a> des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/For%C3%AAts_temp%C3%A9r%C3%A9es_d%C3%A9cidues_et_mixtes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Forêts tempérées décidues et mixtes">forêts de feuillus et forêts mixtes tempérées</a> de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pal%C3%A9arctique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Paléarctique">écozone paléarctique</a>.</p> <ul> <li>Le climat et le relief déterminent trois zones de végétation: <ul> <li>Du niveau de la mer jusqu'à 300 <abbr class="abbr" title="mètre">m</abbr> environ, c'est la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zone_subtropicale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zone subtropicale">zone subtropicale</a>. Sur la côte nord aussi bien que sur la côte sud, on cultive la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Canne_%C3%A0_sucre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Canne à sucre">canne à sucre</a>, la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Banane?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Banane">banane</a> et quelques <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%A9gume?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Légume">légumes</a>. Les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Figuier_de_Barbarie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Figuier de Barbarie">figuiers de Barbarie</a> envahissent les zones non irriguées de la côte sud.</li> <li>Au-delà et jusqu'à 750 <abbr class="abbr" title="mètre">m</abbr> se situe la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Climat_temp%C3%A9r%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Climat tempéré">zone tempérée</a> chaude, de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Climat_m%C3%A9diterran%C3%A9en?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Climat méditerranéen">climat méditerranéen</a>. C'est le domaine de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vigne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vigne">vigne</a>, des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%C3%A9r%C3%A9ale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Céréale">céréales</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ma%C3%AFs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maïs">maïs</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bl%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Blé">blé</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Avoine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Avoine">avoine</a>). Les fruits sont variés : fruits des pays européens comme les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orange_(fruit)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Orange (fruit)">oranges</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Poire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Poire">poires</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pomme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pomme">pommes</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prune_(fruit)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Prune (fruit)">prunes</a>, et fruits exotiques comme les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Goyave?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Goyave">goyaves</a>, les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Avocat_(fruit)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Avocat (fruit)">avocats</a>, les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mangue_(fruit)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangue (fruit)">mangues</a>, les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Annona_cherimola?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Annona cherimola">anones</a>, les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maracuja?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Maracuja">maracujas</a>.</li> <li>Au-dessus de 750 <abbr class="abbr" title="mètre">m</abbr>, on trouve la zone tempérée froide, avec des pentes boisées de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pin_(plante)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pin (plante)">pins</a>, de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bruy%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bruyère">bruyères</a>, d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Acacia_(genre)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Acacia (genre)">acacias</a>-<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mimosas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mimosas">mimosas</a> et de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Laurier_sauce?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Laurier sauce">lauriers</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arborescent?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Arborescent">arborescents</a>. Puis, sur les cimes, des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/P%C3%A2turage?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pâturage">pâturages</a> et des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Foug%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Fougère">fougères</a>.</li> </ul></li> </ul> <p>Sur l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Ele_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Île de Madère">île de Madère</a>, la région conserve des restes d'un type de forêt de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ocotea_foetens?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ocotea foetens">lauriers</a> autrefois répandu dans tout le Sud de l'Europe et dans l'Afrique du Nord-Ouest. La flore et la faune de cette forêt relique sont tout à fait uniques, elle possède de nombreuses espèces <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/End%C3%A9misme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Endémisme">endémiques</a>, dont le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pigeon_trocaz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pigeon trocaz">Pigeon trocaz</a> et le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/P%C3%A9trel_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pétrel de Madère">Pétrel de Madère</a>. Après avoir subi une <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/D%C3%A9forestation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Déforestation">déforestation</a> massive à la suite de la colonisation de l'archipel, la végétation indigène est actuellement menacée par les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Esp%C3%A8ce_envahissante?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Espèce envahissante">espèces envahissantes</a>, la mauvaise gestion des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/P%C3%A2turage?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pâturage">pâturages</a> et le développement du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tourisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tourisme">tourisme</a>.</p> <p>l'île de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Porto_Santo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Porto Santo">Porto Santo</a> et les autres îles, plus <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89rosion?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Érosion">érodées</a> ont une végétation plus adaptée à la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9cheresse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sécheresse">sécheresse</a> et/ou aux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vent?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vent">vents</a>.</p> <p>Ces dernières années, des particules de plastique s’incrustent sur les rochers du littoral et donnent l’impression de les couvrir de lichen <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Blanc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Blanc">blanc</a> ou <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bleu_ciel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bleu ciel">bleu clair</a>. Cette nouvelle pollution océanique, souvent appelée « plasticroûte », contamine peu à peu les paysages<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Madeira_Laurel_Forest.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Strate arbustive d'altitude de Madère."> <noscript> <img alt="Strate arbustive d'altitude de Madère." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Madeira_Laurel_Forest.JPG/120px-Madeira_Laurel_Forest.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 90px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Madeira_Laurel_Forest.JPG/120px-Madeira_Laurel_Forest.JPG" data-alt="Strate arbustive d'altitude de Madère." data-width="120" data-height="90" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Madeira_Laurel_Forest.JPG/180px-Madeira_Laurel_Forest.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Madeira_Laurel_Forest.JPG/240px-Madeira_Laurel_Forest.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Strate_arbustive?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Strate arbustive">Strate arbustive</a> d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Altitude?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Altitude">altitude</a> de Madère. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Laurissilva_da_Madeira_10.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Laurisylve et levada"> <noscript> <img alt="Laurisylve et levada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Laurissilva_da_Madeira_10.jpg/120px-Laurissilva_da_Madeira_10.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1340"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 79px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Laurissilva_da_Madeira_10.jpg/120px-Laurissilva_da_Madeira_10.jpg" data-alt="Laurisylve et levada" data-width="120" data-height="79" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Laurissilva_da_Madeira_10.jpg/180px-Laurissilva_da_Madeira_10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Laurissilva_da_Madeira_10.jpg/240px-Laurissilva_da_Madeira_10.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Laurisylve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Laurisylve">Laurisylve</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Levada?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Levada">levada</a> </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Echium_candicans_Pico_do_Arieiro.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Vipérine de Madère (Echium candicans)"> <noscript> <img alt="Vipérine de Madère (Echium candicans)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Echium_candicans_Pico_do_Arieiro.jpg/120px-Echium_candicans_Pico_do_Arieiro.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="81" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3150" data-file-height="2120"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 81px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Echium_candicans_Pico_do_Arieiro.jpg/120px-Echium_candicans_Pico_do_Arieiro.jpg" data-alt="Vipérine de Madère (Echium candicans)" data-width="120" data-height="81" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Echium_candicans_Pico_do_Arieiro.jpg/180px-Echium_candicans_Pico_do_Arieiro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Echium_candicans_Pico_do_Arieiro.jpg/240px-Echium_candicans_Pico_do_Arieiro.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vip%C3%A9rine_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vipérine de Madère">Vipérine de Madère</a> (Echium candicans) </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Botanischer_Garten_Funchal_IMG_1757.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Géranium de Madère (Geranium maderense)"> <noscript> <img alt="Géranium de Madère (Geranium maderense)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Botanischer_Garten_Funchal_IMG_1757.JPG/120px-Botanischer_Garten_Funchal_IMG_1757.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3865" data-file-height="2499"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 78px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Botanischer_Garten_Funchal_IMG_1757.JPG/120px-Botanischer_Garten_Funchal_IMG_1757.JPG" data-alt="Géranium de Madère (Geranium maderense)" data-width="120" data-height="78" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Botanischer_Garten_Funchal_IMG_1757.JPG/180px-Botanischer_Garten_Funchal_IMG_1757.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Botanischer_Garten_Funchal_IMG_1757.JPG/240px-Botanischer_Garten_Funchal_IMG_1757.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/G%C3%A9ranium_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Géranium de Madère">Géranium de Madère</a> (Geranium maderense) </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Geranium_palmatum_2c.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Geranium palmatum, faussement appelé "géranium des Canaries", est endémique de Madère."> <noscript> <img alt="Geranium palmatum, faussement appelé "géranium des Canaries", est endémique de Madère." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Geranium_palmatum_2c.JPG/120px-Geranium_palmatum_2c.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 90px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Geranium_palmatum_2c.JPG/120px-Geranium_palmatum_2c.JPG" data-alt="Geranium palmatum, faussement appelé "géranium des Canaries", est endémique de Madère." data-width="120" data-height="90" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Geranium_palmatum_2c.JPG/180px-Geranium_palmatum_2c.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Geranium_palmatum_2c.JPG/240px-Geranium_palmatum_2c.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geranium_palmatum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geranium palmatum">Geranium palmatum</a>, faussement appelé "géranium des Canaries", est endémique de Madère. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_(north)_-_May_2007.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Giroflée de Madère (Matthiola maderensis)"> <noscript> <img alt="Giroflée de Madère (Matthiola maderensis)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_%28north%29_-_May_2007.jpg/120px-Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_%28north%29_-_May_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="94" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2542" data-file-height="1984"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 94px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_%28north%29_-_May_2007.jpg/120px-Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_%28north%29_-_May_2007.jpg" data-alt="Giroflée de Madère (Matthiola maderensis)" data-width="120" data-height="94" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_%28north%29_-_May_2007.jpg/180px-Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_%28north%29_-_May_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_%28north%29_-_May_2007.jpg/240px-Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_%28north%29_-_May_2007.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Girofl%C3%A9e_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Giroflée de Madère">Giroflée de Madère</a> (Matthiola maderensis) </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Sorbus_maderensis_flowers_and_foliage.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Sorbier de Madère (Sorbus maderensis)"> <noscript> <img alt="Sorbier de Madère (Sorbus maderensis)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Sorbus_maderensis_flowers_and_foliage.jpg/120px-Sorbus_maderensis_flowers_and_foliage.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 90px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Sorbus_maderensis_flowers_and_foliage.jpg/120px-Sorbus_maderensis_flowers_and_foliage.jpg" data-alt="Sorbier de Madère (Sorbus maderensis)" data-width="120" data-height="90" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Sorbus_maderensis_flowers_and_foliage.jpg/180px-Sorbus_maderensis_flowers_and_foliage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Sorbus_maderensis_flowers_and_foliage.jpg/240px-Sorbus_maderensis_flowers_and_foliage.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sorbier_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sorbier de Madère">Sorbier de Madère</a> (Sorbus maderensis) </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Musschia_aurea_(Madeira,_Portugal).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Musschia aurea"> <noscript> <img alt="Musschia aurea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Musschia_aurea_%28Madeira%2C_Portugal%29.jpg/120px-Musschia_aurea_%28Madeira%2C_Portugal%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="95" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1746" data-file-height="1380"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 95px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Musschia_aurea_%28Madeira%2C_Portugal%29.jpg/120px-Musschia_aurea_%28Madeira%2C_Portugal%29.jpg" data-alt="Musschia aurea" data-width="120" data-height="95" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Musschia_aurea_%28Madeira%2C_Portugal%29.jpg/180px-Musschia_aurea_%28Madeira%2C_Portugal%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Musschia_aurea_%28Madeira%2C_Portugal%29.jpg/240px-Musschia_aurea_%28Madeira%2C_Portugal%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Musschia_aurea&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Musschia aurea (page inexistante)">Musschia aurea</a> </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Pittosporum_coriaceum_kz1.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Pittosporum coriaceum"> <noscript> <img alt="Pittosporum coriaceum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Pittosporum_coriaceum_kz1.JPG/90px-Pittosporum_coriaceum_kz1.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="4608"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 90px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Pittosporum_coriaceum_kz1.JPG/90px-Pittosporum_coriaceum_kz1.JPG" data-alt="Pittosporum coriaceum" data-width="90" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Pittosporum_coriaceum_kz1.JPG/135px-Pittosporum_coriaceum_kz1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Pittosporum_coriaceum_kz1.JPG/180px-Pittosporum_coriaceum_kz1.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Pittosporum coriaceum </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Musschia_wollastonii_-_Ribeiro_Frio,_Madeira_-_Aug_2012.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Musschia wollastonii"> <noscript> <img alt="Musschia wollastonii" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Musschia_wollastonii_-_Ribeiro_Frio%2C_Madeira_-_Aug_2012.jpg/70px-Musschia_wollastonii_-_Ribeiro_Frio%2C_Madeira_-_Aug_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1768" data-file-height="3040"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 70px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Musschia_wollastonii_-_Ribeiro_Frio%2C_Madeira_-_Aug_2012.jpg/70px-Musschia_wollastonii_-_Ribeiro_Frio%2C_Madeira_-_Aug_2012.jpg" data-alt="Musschia wollastonii" data-width="70" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Musschia_wollastonii_-_Ribeiro_Frio%2C_Madeira_-_Aug_2012.jpg/104px-Musschia_wollastonii_-_Ribeiro_Frio%2C_Madeira_-_Aug_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Musschia_wollastonii_-_Ribeiro_Frio%2C_Madeira_-_Aug_2012.jpg/139px-Musschia_wollastonii_-_Ribeiro_Frio%2C_Madeira_-_Aug_2012.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Musschia_wollastonii?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musschia wollastonii">Musschia wollastonii</a> </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Matthiola_maderensis_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Matthiola maderensis"> <noscript> <img alt="Matthiola maderensis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Matthiola_maderensis_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o.jpg/90px-Matthiola_maderensis_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="4320"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 90px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Matthiola_maderensis_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o.jpg/90px-Matthiola_maderensis_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o.jpg" data-alt="Matthiola maderensis" data-width="90" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Matthiola_maderensis_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o.jpg/135px-Matthiola_maderensis_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Matthiola_maderensis_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o.jpg/180px-Matthiola_maderensis_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Matthiola_maderensis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Matthiola maderensis">Matthiola maderensis</a> </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Echium_nervosum_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_02.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Echium nervosum"> <noscript> <img alt="Echium nervosum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Echium_nervosum_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_02.jpg/120px-Echium_nervosum_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 90px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Echium_nervosum_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_02.jpg/120px-Echium_nervosum_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_02.jpg" data-alt="Echium nervosum" data-width="120" data-height="90" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Echium_nervosum_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_02.jpg/180px-Echium_nervosum_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Echium_nervosum_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_02.jpg/240px-Echium_nervosum_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_02.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Echium_nervosum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Echium nervosum">Echium nervosum</a> </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Andryala_glandulosa_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_01.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Andryala glandulosa"> <noscript> <img alt="Andryala glandulosa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Andryala_glandulosa_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_01.jpg/120px-Andryala_glandulosa_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 90px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Andryala_glandulosa_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_01.jpg/120px-Andryala_glandulosa_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_01.jpg" data-alt="Andryala glandulosa" data-width="120" data-height="90" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Andryala_glandulosa_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_01.jpg/180px-Andryala_glandulosa_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Andryala_glandulosa_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_01.jpg/240px-Andryala_glandulosa_-_Ponta_de_S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_01.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andryala_glandulosa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Andryala glandulosa">Andryala glandulosa</a> </div></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Faune"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Faune_(biologie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Faune (biologie)">Faune</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Faune" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Voir la catégorie : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Faune_end%C3%A9mique_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Catégorie:Faune endémique de Madère">Faune endémique de Madère</a>. </div> </div> <p>Parmi les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vert%C3%A9br%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vertébré">vertébrés</a>, on trouve surtout des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oiseau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Oiseau">oiseaux</a> : Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pigeon_trocaz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pigeon trocaz">Pigeon trocaz</a>, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roitelet_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roitelet de Madère">Roitelet de Madère</a> et le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/P%C3%A9trel_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pétrel de Madère">Pétrel de Madère</a> sont des espèces d'oiseaux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/End%C3%A9misme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Endémisme">endémiques</a> de l'archipel, qui compte également d'autres <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Esp%C3%A8ce?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Espèce">espèces</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sous-esp%C3%A8ce?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sous-espèce">sous-espèces</a>.</p> <p>Des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%A9zard?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lézard">lézards</a>: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Teira_dugesii?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Teira dugesii">Teira dugesii</a></p> <p>On y trouve parmi les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mammif%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mammifère">mammifères</a>, des espèces de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus_(genre)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mus (genre)">souris</a> issues de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9ciation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spéciation">spéciation</a> causée par l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Insularisation_%C3%A9cologique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Insularisation écologique">insularisation écologique</a> des souches de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Souris_grise?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Souris grise">souris grise</a> (<i>voir: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89volution_insulaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Évolution insulaire">Évolution insulaire</a></i>) , débarquées via les navires <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vikings?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vikings">vikings</a> lors d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Accostage?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Accostage">accostages</a>.</p> <p>L'archipel compte surtout parmi ses espèces endémiques des espèces d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Invert%C3%A9br%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Invertébré">invertébrés</a> : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Insecte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Insecte">insectes</a> (dont des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Papillon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Papillon">papillons</a>: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agreste_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Agreste de Madère">Agreste de Madère</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tircis_mad%C3%A9rois?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tircis madérois">Tircis madérois</a>...), d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arachnide?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Arachnide">arachnides</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tarentule_de_Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Tarentule de Madère (page inexistante)">Tarentule de Madère</a>...) et de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mollusques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mollusques">mollusques</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boettgeria_obesiuscula?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Boettgeria obesiuscula">Boettgeria obesiuscula</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Boettgeria_crispa&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Boettgeria crispa (page inexistante)">Boettgeria crispa</a>...).</p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Trocaz_Piegon_shot_(2).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Pigeon trocaz"> <noscript> <img alt="Pigeon trocaz" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Trocaz_Piegon_shot_%282%29.jpg/120px-Trocaz_Piegon_shot_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4393" data-file-height="2928"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 80px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Trocaz_Piegon_shot_%282%29.jpg/120px-Trocaz_Piegon_shot_%282%29.jpg" data-alt="Pigeon trocaz" data-width="120" data-height="80" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Trocaz_Piegon_shot_%282%29.jpg/180px-Trocaz_Piegon_shot_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Trocaz_Piegon_shot_%282%29.jpg/240px-Trocaz_Piegon_shot_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pigeon_trocaz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pigeon trocaz">Pigeon trocaz</a> </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Madeiran-Firecrest1-B.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Roitelet de Madère"> <noscript> <img alt="Roitelet de Madère" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Madeiran-Firecrest1-B.jpg/120px-Madeiran-Firecrest1-B.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="97" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="567"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 97px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Madeiran-Firecrest1-B.jpg/120px-Madeiran-Firecrest1-B.jpg" data-alt="Roitelet de Madère" data-width="120" data-height="97" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Madeiran-Firecrest1-B.jpg/180px-Madeiran-Firecrest1-B.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Madeiran-Firecrest1-B.jpg/240px-Madeiran-Firecrest1-B.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roitelet_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roitelet de Madère">Roitelet de Madère</a> </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Pterodroma_madeira_92954030_(cropped).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Pétrel de Madère"> <noscript> <img alt="Pétrel de Madère" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Pterodroma_madeira_92954030_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Pterodroma_madeira_92954030_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="900"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Pterodroma_madeira_92954030_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Pterodroma_madeira_92954030_%28cropped%29.jpg" data-alt="Pétrel de Madère" data-width="120" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Pterodroma_madeira_92954030_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Pterodroma_madeira_92954030_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Pterodroma_madeira_92954030_%28cropped%29.jpg/240px-Pterodroma_madeira_92954030_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/P%C3%A9trel_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pétrel de Madère">Pétrel de Madère</a> </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Coturnix_coturnix_confisa_mad%C3%A8re.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Caille de madère (Coturnix c. confisa) au musée d’histoire naturelle de Funchal."> <noscript> <img alt="Caille de madère (Coturnix c. confisa) au musée d’histoire naturelle de Funchal." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Coturnix_coturnix_confisa_mad%C3%A8re.jpg/120px-Coturnix_coturnix_confisa_mad%C3%A8re.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="106" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="635"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 106px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Coturnix_coturnix_confisa_mad%C3%A8re.jpg/120px-Coturnix_coturnix_confisa_mad%C3%A8re.jpg" data-alt="Caille de madère (Coturnix c. confisa) au musée d’histoire naturelle de Funchal." data-width="120" data-height="106" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Coturnix_coturnix_confisa_mad%C3%A8re.jpg/180px-Coturnix_coturnix_confisa_mad%C3%A8re.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Coturnix_coturnix_confisa_mad%C3%A8re.jpg/240px-Coturnix_coturnix_confisa_mad%C3%A8re.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Caille_des_bl%C3%A9s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Sous-esp%C3%A8ces" title="Caille des blés">Caille de madère (Coturnix c. confisa)</a> au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%E2%80%99histoire_naturelle_de_Funchal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musée d’histoire naturelle de Funchal">musée d’histoire naturelle de Funchal</a>. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Lizard,_Madeira_-_Mar_2012.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Teira dugesii"> <noscript> <img alt="Teira dugesii" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Lizard%2C_Madeira_-_Mar_2012.jpg/120px-Lizard%2C_Madeira_-_Mar_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 90px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Lizard%2C_Madeira_-_Mar_2012.jpg/120px-Lizard%2C_Madeira_-_Mar_2012.jpg" data-alt="Teira dugesii" data-width="120" data-height="90" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Lizard%2C_Madeira_-_Mar_2012.jpg/180px-Lizard%2C_Madeira_-_Mar_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Lizard%2C_Madeira_-_Mar_2012.jpg/240px-Lizard%2C_Madeira_-_Mar_2012.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Teira_dugesii?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Teira dugesii">Teira dugesii</a> </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Hogna_ingens.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Tarentule de Madère (Hogna ingens)"> <noscript> <img alt="Tarentule de Madère (Hogna ingens)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Hogna_ingens.jpg/120px-Hogna_ingens.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="680"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 80px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Hogna_ingens.jpg/120px-Hogna_ingens.jpg" data-alt="Tarentule de Madère (Hogna ingens)" data-width="120" data-height="80" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Hogna_ingens.jpg/180px-Hogna_ingens.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Hogna_ingens.jpg/240px-Hogna_ingens.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tarentule_de_Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Tarentule de Madère (page inexistante)">Tarentule de Madère</a> (<i>Hogna ingens</i>) </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Hipparchiamaderensis.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Agreste de Madère"> <noscript> <img alt="Agreste de Madère" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Hipparchiamaderensis.jpg/120px-Hipparchiamaderensis.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="104" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="443"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 104px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Hipparchiamaderensis.jpg/120px-Hipparchiamaderensis.jpg" data-alt="Agreste de Madère" data-width="120" data-height="104" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Hipparchiamaderensis.jpg/180px-Hipparchiamaderensis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Hipparchiamaderensis.jpg/240px-Hipparchiamaderensis.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agreste_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Agreste de Madère">Agreste de Madère</a> </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Pararge_xiphia.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Tircis madérois"> <noscript> <img alt="Tircis madérois" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Pararge_xiphia.jpg/120px-Pararge_xiphia.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="96" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="364" data-file-height="290"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 96px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Pararge_xiphia.jpg/120px-Pararge_xiphia.jpg" data-alt="Tircis madérois" data-width="120" data-height="96" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Pararge_xiphia.jpg/180px-Pararge_xiphia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Pararge_xiphia.jpg/240px-Pararge_xiphia.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tircis_mad%C3%A9rois?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tircis madérois">Tircis madérois</a> </div></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Histoire">Histoire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Histoire" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Histoire_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Histoire de Madère">Histoire de Madère</a>. </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:S%C3%A9_church_Funchal.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/S%C3%A9_church_Funchal.jpg/220px-S%C3%A9_church_Funchal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 293px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/S%C3%A9_church_Funchal.jpg/220px-S%C3%A9_church_Funchal.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="293" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/S%C3%A9_church_Funchal.jpg/330px-S%C3%A9_church_Funchal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/S%C3%A9_church_Funchal.jpg/440px-S%C3%A9_church_Funchal.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cath%C3%A9drale_Notre-Dame-de-l%27Assomption_de_Funchal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cathédrale Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption de Funchal">Cathédrale Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption de Funchal</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Madeira_Santana.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Madeira_Santana.jpg/220px-Madeira_Santana.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 293px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Madeira_Santana.jpg/220px-Madeira_Santana.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="293" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Madeira_Santana.jpg/330px-Madeira_Santana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Madeira_Santana.jpg/440px-Madeira_Santana.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maisons_typiques_de_Santana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maisons typiques de Santana">Maison traditionnelle</a> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Santana_(Mad%C3%A8re)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Santana (Madère)">Santana</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Il est probable que l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Archipel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Archipel">archipel</a> ait été connu dès l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antiquit%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antiquité">Antiquité</a> et notamment des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ph%C3%A9nicie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Phénicie">Phéniciens</a>. Un texte grec du <abbr class="abbr" title="3ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">III</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle avant notre ère laisse à supposer que les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Civilisation_carthaginoise?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Civilisation carthaginoise">Carthaginois</a> furent les premiers à découvrir l'île<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Les Vikings ont fait escale sur l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Ele_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Île de Madère">île de Madère</a> entre le <abbr class="abbr" title="9ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> et le <abbr class="abbr" title="11ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle. L'étude des ossements de souris (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus_musculus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mus musculus">mus musculus</a>) du <abbr class="abbr" title="11ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle montrent l'arrivée de rongeurs à la même époque, entre l'an 800 et 1036. Leur <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/G%C3%A9nome_mitochondrial?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Génome mitochondrial">ADN mitochondrial</a> les rapproche des rongeurs de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Scandinavie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Scandinavie">Scandinavie</a> et d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Allemagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Allemagne">Allemagne</a> du nord. Elles se sont diversifiées en six nouvelles espèces (leur <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hybride?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hybride">hybridation</a> engendre une descendance stérile) et leur nombre de chromosomes est passé de 40 (souche originelle) à 22 à 30 pour les descendants <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Insularit%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Insularité">insulaires</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>L'existence de l'archipel est attestée dès <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1351?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1351">1351</a> sur un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portulan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portulan">portulan</a> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Florence?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Florence">Florence</a> et dans des documents géographiques <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Civilisation_islamique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Civilisation islamique">musulmans</a>. Les premiers navigateurs portugais lancés en 1418 dans les explorations maritimes organisées par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Henri_le_Navigateur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Henri le Navigateur">Henri le Navigateur</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Gon%C3%A7alves_Zarco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="João Gonçalves Zarco">João Gonçalves Zarco</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trist%C3%A3o_Vaz_Teixeira?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tristão Vaz Teixeira">Tristão Vaz Teixeira</a>) furent déroutés accidentellement jusqu'à l'île du Bois, que les Génois, ses premiers découvreurs, appelaient Isola de Legname avec son îlot où ils se réfugièrent, Porto Santo<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> (qu'ils nommèrent ainsi en reconnaissance de leur sauvetage). Ils en prirent possession au nom du roi <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Ier_(roi_de_Portugal)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Ier (roi de Portugal)">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr> de Portugal</a>. Madeira, traduction de Legname, fut repérée et abordée l'année suivante par Zarco, Teixeira et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bartolomeu_Perestrelo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bartolomeu Perestrelo">Bartolomeu Perestrelo</a>, à l'emplacement actuel du port de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Machico?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Machico">Machico</a>. Sa colonisation par les Portugais démarre immédiatement, Zarco et Vaz se voyant attribuer sa gouvernance, tandis que Perestrelo devenait capitaine-gouverneur de Porto Santo.</p> <p>L'archipel fut un point de relâche important pendant l'époque des grandes découvertes. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Christophe_Colomb?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Christophe Colomb">Christophe Colomb</a> y séjourna, il y épousa <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Filipa_Moniz_Perestrelo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Filipa Moniz Perestrelo">Filipa Moniz Perestrelo</a>, fille de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bartolomeu_Perestrelo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bartolomeu Perestrelo">Bartolomeu Perestrelo</a>. Séjour important, puisque Filipa a pu faire connaître à Colomb les cartes de son père, qui l'ont aidé dans sa découverte<sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire"><span title="Ce passage nécessite une référence (demandé le 21 janvier 2022) ; voir l'aide.">[réf. nécessaire]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Madère est très inégalitaire et pauvre jusqu'aux années 1990. L'activité touristique est déjà fortement développée dans les années 1980 (150 000 touristes chaque année pour une population de 250 000 habitants) mais le gouvernement local continue de miser sur le tourisme « de qualité », concentré à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Funchal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Funchal">Funchal</a>. C’est là que se trouvent les hôtels ainsi que la plupart des services publics. Le reste de l’île, à l'inverse, manque de tout. D’électricité, d’eau courante, mais aussi d’écoles et d’enseignants. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alberto_Jo%C3%A3o_Jardim?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alberto João Jardim">Alberto João Jardim</a>, président du gouvernement régional sans discontinuer pendant 37 ans, de 1978 à 2015, mène une politique de développement du réseau routier et des infrastructures partout sur l'ile, grâce aux aides économiques reçues de l'Union européenne. Cette politique permet de développer significativement le tourisme - Madère en accueille un million et demi chaque année -, faisant de l'ile la deuxième région la plus riche du Portugal. Alberto João Jardim se voit cependant reprocher ses pratiques <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Client%C3%A9lisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Clientélisme">clientélistes</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Autoritarisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Autoritarisme">autoritaires</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Politique_et_administration">Politique et administration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Politique et administration" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Ilha_da_madeira_luisfreitas.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Ilha_da_madeira_luisfreitas.png/220px-Ilha_da_madeira_luisfreitas.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="362" data-file-height="235"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 143px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Ilha_da_madeira_luisfreitas.png/220px-Ilha_da_madeira_luisfreitas.png" data-width="220" data-height="143" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Ilha_da_madeira_luisfreitas.png/330px-Ilha_da_madeira_luisfreitas.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Ilha_da_madeira_luisfreitas.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Carte des onze communes de la région autonome de Madère : <div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2;column-gap:1em;" class="colonnes"> <div class="legende-bloc legende-bloc-vertical"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r160408543">.mw-parser-output .legende-bloc-centre{display:table;margin:0 auto;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .legende-bloc ul li{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .legende-bloc-vertical ul li{list-style:none;margin:1px 0 0 -1.5em}.mw-parser-output .legende-bloc-vertical ul li li{list-style:none;margin:1px 0 0 -1.0em}</style> <ul> <li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:#871D17;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Calheta_(Mad%C3%A8re)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Calheta (Madère)">Calheta</a></li> <li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:#3AD4C9;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%C3%A2mara_de_Lobos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Câmara de Lobos">Câmara de Lobos</a></li> <li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:#4D1482;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Funchal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Funchal">Funchal</a></li> <li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:#6A4E2C;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Machico?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Machico">Machico</a></li> <li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:#BC34C1;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ponta_do_Sol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ponta do Sol">Ponta do Sol</a></li> <li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:#B1ED43;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Porto_Moniz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Porto Moniz">Porto Moniz</a></li> <li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:#EFE932;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Porto_Santo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Porto Santo">Porto Santo</a></li> <li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:#15BB10;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ribeira_Brava?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ribeira Brava">Ribeira Brava</a></li> <li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:#FF8815;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Santa_Cruz_(Mad%C3%A8re)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Santa Cruz (Madère)">Santa Cruz</a></li> <li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:#0368FF;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Santana_(Mad%C3%A8re)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Santana (Madère)">Santana</a></li> <li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:#FF0000;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Vicente_(Mad%C3%A8re)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="São Vicente (Madère)">São Vicente</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Depuis 1976, Madère, comme les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/A%C3%A7ores?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Açores">Açores</a>, est constituée en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9gions_du_Portugal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Régions du Portugal">région autonome</a> de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portugal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portugal">République portugaise</a> (<span class="lang-pt" lang="pt"><i>Região Autónoma da Madeira</i></span>), avec un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gouvernement_r%C3%A9gional_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gouvernement régional de Madère">gouvernement autonome</a> et une <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Assembl%C3%A9e_l%C3%A9gislative_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Assemblée législative de Madère">assemblée législative régionale</a>. Le président du gouvernement régional est <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Miguel_Albuquerque?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Miguel Albuquerque">Miguel Albuquerque</a>, depuis le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-04-20" data-sort-value="2015-04-20">20 avril 2015</time>. Le siège du gouvernement régional est situé à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Funchal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Funchal">Funchal</a>, capitale de la région.</p> <p>Au niveau local, Madère est subdivisée en onze communes.</p> <p>L'archipel constitue l'une des neuf <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9gion_ultrap%C3%A9riph%C3%A9rique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Région ultrapériphérique">régions ultrapériphériques</a> de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Union_europ%C3%A9enne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Union européenne">Union européenne</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Démographie"><span id="D.C3.A9mographie"></span>Démographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Démographie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <p>Lors de sa découverte par les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portugal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portugal">Portugais</a> (1419), l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Archipel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Archipel">archipel</a> était inhabité. La population actuelle résultant de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Colonisation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Colonisation">colonisation</a>, essentiellement portugaise, est donc d'origine <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Europe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Europe">européenne</a> bien que Madère soit plus proche de l'Afrique que de l'Europe<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>11<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Les principales villes de l'archipel sont :</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Funchal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Funchal">Funchal</a>, la capitale et plus grande ville avec environ 100 526 habitants ;</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Machico?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Machico">Machico</a> avec 14 000 habitants ;</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%C3%A2mara_de_Lobos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Câmara de Lobos">Câmara de Lobos</a> avec 13 625 habitants ;</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cani%C3%A7o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Caniço">Caniço</a> avec 12 000 habitants ;</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Santa_Cruz_(freguesia)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Santa Cruz (freguesia)">Santa Cruz</a> avec 6 500 habitants ;</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Santana_(Mad%C3%A8re)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Santana (Madère)">Santana</a> avec 3 500 habitants ;</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vila_Baleira?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vila Baleira">Vila Baleira</a> avec 4 500 habitants située sur l'île de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Porto_Santo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Porto Santo">Porto Santo</a>.</li> </ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Madeira_19_2014.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Funchal"> <noscript> <img alt="Funchal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Madeira_19_2014.jpg/120px-Madeira_19_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="60" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="7213" data-file-height="3606"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 60px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Madeira_19_2014.jpg/120px-Madeira_19_2014.jpg" data-alt="Funchal" data-width="120" data-height="60" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Madeira_19_2014.jpg/180px-Madeira_19_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Madeira_19_2014.jpg/240px-Madeira_19_2014.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Funchal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Funchal">Funchal</a> </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Machico_(Portugal).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Machico"> <noscript> <img alt="Machico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Machico_%28Portugal%29.jpg/120px-Machico_%28Portugal%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3888"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 90px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Machico_%28Portugal%29.jpg/120px-Machico_%28Portugal%29.jpg" data-alt="Machico" data-width="120" data-height="90" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Machico_%28Portugal%29.jpg/180px-Machico_%28Portugal%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Machico_%28Portugal%29.jpg/240px-Machico_%28Portugal%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Machico?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Machico">Machico</a> </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Madeira_24_2014.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Câmara de Lobos."> <noscript> <img alt="Câmara de Lobos." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Madeira_24_2014.jpg/120px-Madeira_24_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5600" data-file-height="3675"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 79px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Madeira_24_2014.jpg/120px-Madeira_24_2014.jpg" data-alt="Câmara de Lobos." data-width="120" data-height="79" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Madeira_24_2014.jpg/180px-Madeira_24_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Madeira_24_2014.jpg/240px-Madeira_24_2014.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%C3%A2mara_de_Lobos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Câmara de Lobos">Câmara de Lobos</a>. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Madeira_-_Cani%C3%A7o_(32753203593).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Caniço"> <noscript> <img alt="Caniço" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Madeira_-_Cani%C3%A7o_%2832753203593%29.jpg/120px-Madeira_-_Cani%C3%A7o_%2832753203593%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2432"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 80px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Madeira_-_Cani%C3%A7o_%2832753203593%29.jpg/120px-Madeira_-_Cani%C3%A7o_%2832753203593%29.jpg" data-alt="Caniço" data-width="120" data-height="80" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Madeira_-_Cani%C3%A7o_%2832753203593%29.jpg/180px-Madeira_-_Cani%C3%A7o_%2832753203593%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Madeira_-_Cani%C3%A7o_%2832753203593%29.jpg/240px-Madeira_-_Cani%C3%A7o_%2832753203593%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cani%C3%A7o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Caniço">Caniço</a> </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Porto_Santo_(22361800223).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Vila Baleira"> <noscript> <img alt="Vila Baleira" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Porto_Santo_%2822361800223%29.jpg/120px-Porto_Santo_%2822361800223%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="81" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4579" data-file-height="3074"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 81px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Porto_Santo_%2822361800223%29.jpg/120px-Porto_Santo_%2822361800223%29.jpg" data-alt="Vila Baleira" data-width="120" data-height="81" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Porto_Santo_%2822361800223%29.jpg/180px-Porto_Santo_%2822361800223%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Porto_Santo_%2822361800223%29.jpg/240px-Porto_Santo_%2822361800223%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Vila Baleira </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:CurralDasFreiras-2013.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Curral das Freiras,freguesia de Câmara de Lobos"> <noscript> <img alt="Curral das Freiras,freguesia de Câmara de Lobos" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/CurralDasFreiras-2013.JPG/120px-CurralDasFreiras-2013.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 90px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/CurralDasFreiras-2013.JPG/120px-CurralDasFreiras-2013.JPG" data-alt="Curral das Freiras,freguesia de Câmara de Lobos" data-width="120" data-height="90" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/CurralDasFreiras-2013.JPG/180px-CurralDasFreiras-2013.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/CurralDasFreiras-2013.JPG/240px-CurralDasFreiras-2013.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Curral_das_Freiras?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Curral das Freiras">Curral das Freiras</a>,<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Freguesia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Freguesia">freguesia</a> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%C3%A2mara_de_Lobos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Câmara de Lobos">Câmara de Lobos</a> </div></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Économie"><span id=".C3.89conomie"></span>Économie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Économie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Laurissilva_da_Madeira_11.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Laurissilva_da_Madeira_11.jpg/220px-Laurissilva_da_Madeira_11.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="303" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1289" data-file-height="1776"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 303px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Laurissilva_da_Madeira_11.jpg/220px-Laurissilva_da_Madeira_11.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="303" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Laurissilva_da_Madeira_11.jpg/330px-Laurissilva_da_Madeira_11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Laurissilva_da_Madeira_11.jpg/440px-Laurissilva_da_Madeira_11.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Levada?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Levada">Levada</a>,servant à l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Irrigation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Irrigation">irrigation</a> et appréciées des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Randonn%C3%A9e?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Randonnée">randonneurs</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Botanical_garden_madeira_hg.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Botanical_garden_madeira_hg.jpg/220px-Botanical_garden_madeira_hg.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2473" data-file-height="1790"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 159px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Botanical_garden_madeira_hg.jpg/220px-Botanical_garden_madeira_hg.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="159" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Botanical_garden_madeira_hg.jpg/330px-Botanical_garden_madeira_hg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Botanical_garden_madeira_hg.jpg/440px-Botanical_garden_madeira_hg.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Le jardin botanique à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Funchal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Funchal">Funchal</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>L'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89conomie_(activit%C3%A9_humaine)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Économie (activité humaine)">économie</a> de la région repose essentiellement sur l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agriculture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Agriculture">agriculture</a> et sur le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tourisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tourisme">tourisme</a>, principale ressource.</p> <p>L'agriculture produit des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Banane?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Banane">bananes</a> destinées au marché local et métropolitain, des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fleur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fleur">fleurs</a>, et le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re_(DOC)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Madère (DOC)">vin de Madère</a> qui jouit d'une grande réputation à l'exportation.</p> <p>L'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Industrie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Industrie">industrie</a> est peu diversifiée, elle est surtout à caractère <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Artisanat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Artisanat">artisanal</a>, avec la production de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Broderie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Broderie">broderies</a>, de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tapisserie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tapisserie">tapisseries</a> et d'articles de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vannerie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vannerie">vannerie</a>. La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Centre_international_d%E2%80%99affaires_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre international d’affaires de Madère">zone franche de Madère</a> (CIAM) concentre des activités <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Industrie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Industrie">industrielles</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commerce?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commerce">commerciales</a> assurées par des firmes étrangères et portugaises attirées par des incitations <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Droit_fiscal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Droit fiscal">fiscales</a> avantageuses. En 2018, le CIAM représentait 13,3 %<sup id="cite_ref-:5_12-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:5-12"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>12<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> des recettes fiscales totales de l'archipel et 42,8%<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-13"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>13<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> des recettes fiscales totales des sociétés. Ce montant d'impôts généré équivalait à plus ou moins 33,3 % des dépenses totales engagées par le gouvernement régional pour le système de santé régional<sup id="cite_ref-:5_12-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:5-12"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>12<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. L'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Union_europ%C3%A9enne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Union européenne">Union européenne</a> a contribué de façon importante au développement des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Infrastructure_de_transport?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Infrastructure de transport">infrastructures</a> par le moyen de subventions du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fonds_europ%C3%A9en_de_d%C3%A9veloppement_r%C3%A9gional?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fonds européen de développement régional">FEDER</a>. Il y a notamment des travaux très importants d'adaptation du réseau routier, rendus difficiles par la configuration très <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Montagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Montagne">montagneuse</a> de l'île.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Tourisme">Tourisme</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Tourisme" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Statue_du_Christ-Roi_de_Garajau.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Statue_du_Christ-Roi_de_Garajau.jpg/220px-Statue_du_Christ-Roi_de_Garajau.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="358" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1250"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 358px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Statue_du_Christ-Roi_de_Garajau.jpg/220px-Statue_du_Christ-Roi_de_Garajau.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="358" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Statue_du_Christ-Roi_de_Garajau.jpg/330px-Statue_du_Christ-Roi_de_Garajau.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Statue_du_Christ-Roi_de_Garajau.jpg/440px-Statue_du_Christ-Roi_de_Garajau.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Statue du Christ-Roi de Garajau. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Madeira_4093.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Madeira_4093.jpg/220px-Madeira_4093.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="7271" data-file-height="4090"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 124px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Madeira_4093.jpg/220px-Madeira_4093.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="124" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Madeira_4093.jpg/330px-Madeira_4093.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Madeira_4093.jpg/440px-Madeira_4093.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Lido, à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Funchal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Funchal">Funchal</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <div class="bandeau-container metadata bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-modere"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <figure class="mw-halign-center noviewer" typeof="mw:File"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/25px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 25px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/25px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="25" data-height="25" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/38px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/50px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption></figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <b>Cette section <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Citez_vos_sources?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipédia:Citez vos sources">ne cite pas suffisamment ses sources</a></b><small> (janvier 2022)</small>.  <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> Pour l'améliorer, ajoutez <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Identifier_des_sources_fiables?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Identifier des sources fiables">des références de qualité et vérifiables</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Ins%C3%A9rer_une_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_(%C3%89diteur_visuel)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Insérer une référence (Éditeur visuel)">comment faire ?</a>) ou le modèle <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modèle:Référence nécessaire">{{Référence nécessaire}}</a> sur les passages nécessitant une source. </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tourisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tourisme">tourisme</a> est un secteur important de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89conomie_(activit%C3%A9_humaine)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Économie (activité humaine)">économie</a> de la région puisqu'il contribue pour 20 % au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produit_national_brut?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Produit national brut">PNB</a>, soutenant toute l'année les activités liées au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commerce?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commerce">commerce</a> et aux transports et fournissant un débouché aux productions locales. La part des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%C3%B4tel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hôtel">hôtels</a> et des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Restaurant?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Restaurant">restaurants</a> dans le PNB (9 %) témoigne aussi de cette importance. L'île de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Porto_Santo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Porto Santo">Porto Santo</a>, qui jouit d'un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Climat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Climat">climat</a> ensoleillé et dispose d'une <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plage?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Plage">plage</a> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sable?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sable">sable</a> de neuf kilomètres de longueur, est entièrement consacrée au tourisme. Ces dix dernières années, elle a connu un fort accroissement de ses capacités hôtelières.</p> <p>En <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2005?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2005">2005</a>, Madère a reçu plus de 850 000 visiteurs. Les touristes viennent majoritairement de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Union_europ%C3%A9enne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Union européenne">Union européenne</a>, notamment du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Royaume-Uni?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Royaume-Uni">Royaume-Uni</a>, d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Allemagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Allemagne">Allemagne</a>, du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portugal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> et de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Scandinavie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Scandinavie">Scandinavie</a>. La fréquentation est à son maximum en mars–avril et de juillet à octobre. Les perspectives de développement prévoient de porter la capacité hôtelière à 39 000 lits en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2012?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2012">2012</a> contre environ 29 000 en 2005<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>14<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>L'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/A%C3%A9roport_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aéroport de Madère">aéroport principal</a> de Madère est situé à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Santa_Cruz_(freguesia)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Santa Cruz (freguesia)">Santa Cruz</a>. L'allongement de la piste à 2 781 mètres en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2000?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2000">2000</a>, qui permet de recevoir pratiquement tous les types d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Avion?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Avion">avions</a>, et l'ouverture d'un nouveau <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Terminal_a%C3%A9roportuaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Terminal aéroportuaire">terminal</a> en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2002?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2002">2002</a> ont facilité le développement du tourisme. Madère est reliée à l'Europe (principalement <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lisbonne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lisbonne">Lisbonne</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Porto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Porto">Porto</a>) ainsi qu'à l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_du_Sud?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amérique du Sud">Amérique du Sud</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Br%C3%A9sil?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brésil">Brésil</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Venezuela?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>), aux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/A%C3%A7ores?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Açores">Açores</a> et à l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Afrique_du_Sud?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Afrique du Sud">Afrique du Sud</a>.</p> <p>Les atouts de Madère reposent principalement sur ses paysages (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Montagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Montagne">montagnes</a> d'origine <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Volcan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Volcan">volcanique</a> escarpées et souvent spectaculaires), sur son climat doux toute l'année et sur sa <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Flore?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Flore">flore</a> abondante et variée. L'une des principales activités touristiques sur l'île de Madère est la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Randonn%C3%A9e_p%C3%A9destre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Randonnée pédestre">randonnée</a> le long des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Levada?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Levada">levadas</a>, canaux d'irrigation creusés depuis le <abbr class="abbr" title="16ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Transport">Transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Transport" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>L'île est desservie par l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/A%C3%A9roport_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aéroport de Madère">aéroport de Madère</a>. Il est considéré comme l'un des dix aéroports les plus dangereux du monde, notamment pour son virage très serré qui précède l'atterrissage et pour les vents violents qu'il connaît<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-15"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>15<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. L'île de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Porto_Santo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Porto Santo">Porto Santo</a> possède elle aussi un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/A%C3%A9roport_de_Porto_Santo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aéroport de Porto Santo">aérodrome</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Culture" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Gastronomie">Gastronomie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Gastronomie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Aphanopus_carbo,_pez_sable_negro,_peixe-espada-preto,_en_el_Mercado_dos_Lavradores,_de_Funchal,_Madeira,_Portugal.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Aphanopus_carbo%2C_pez_sable_negro%2C_peixe-espada-preto%2C_en_el_Mercado_dos_Lavradores%2C_de_Funchal%2C_Madeira%2C_Portugal.jpg/220px-Aphanopus_carbo%2C_pez_sable_negro%2C_peixe-espada-preto%2C_en_el_Mercado_dos_Lavradores%2C_de_Funchal%2C_Madeira%2C_Portugal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3888"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Aphanopus_carbo%2C_pez_sable_negro%2C_peixe-espada-preto%2C_en_el_Mercado_dos_Lavradores%2C_de_Funchal%2C_Madeira%2C_Portugal.jpg/220px-Aphanopus_carbo%2C_pez_sable_negro%2C_peixe-espada-preto%2C_en_el_Mercado_dos_Lavradores%2C_de_Funchal%2C_Madeira%2C_Portugal.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Aphanopus_carbo%2C_pez_sable_negro%2C_peixe-espada-preto%2C_en_el_Mercado_dos_Lavradores%2C_de_Funchal%2C_Madeira%2C_Portugal.jpg/330px-Aphanopus_carbo%2C_pez_sable_negro%2C_peixe-espada-preto%2C_en_el_Mercado_dos_Lavradores%2C_de_Funchal%2C_Madeira%2C_Portugal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Aphanopus_carbo%2C_pez_sable_negro%2C_peixe-espada-preto%2C_en_el_Mercado_dos_Lavradores%2C_de_Funchal%2C_Madeira%2C_Portugal.jpg/440px-Aphanopus_carbo%2C_pez_sable_negro%2C_peixe-espada-preto%2C_en_el_Mercado_dos_Lavradores%2C_de_Funchal%2C_Madeira%2C_Portugal.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aphanopus_carbo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aphanopus carbo">Sabre noir (Aphanopus carbo)</a>, espèce incontournable de madère </figcaption> </figure> <p>Madère étant une île, il est tout à fait naturel de trouver dans les spécialités locales de nombreux plats à base de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Poisson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Poisson">poissons</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fruit_de_mer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Fruit de mer">fruits de mer</a>. Le climat de Madère est propice à la culture de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fruit_tropical?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fruit tropical">fruits exotiques</a>, comme l'ananas, l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Annona_cherimola?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Annona cherimola">anone ou chérimole</a>, la banane, la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chayote?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chayote">chayote</a>, l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Igname?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Igname">igname</a>, la mangue, la papaye, la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Patate_douce?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Patate douce">patate douce</a>, le fruit de la passion (maracuja) entre autres. Les plats sont souvent accompagnés de produits de l'île, ce mélange est typique de la gastronomie madérienne.</p> <p>Des profondeurs de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oc%C3%A9an_Atlantique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Océan Atlantique">océan Atlantique</a>, les Madériens mangent des spécialités tel que le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aphanopus_carbo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aphanopus carbo">sabre noir</a> (Filete de espada), le steak de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thon">thon</a>, ou bien encore du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pieuvre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pieuvre">poulpe</a> (Polvo). Le calamar (Lula) grillé en brochette avec de l’oignon et du poivron. Des fruits de mer comme les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Patelle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Patelle">patelles</a> (Lapas), entre autres plats typiques de la région<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-16"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>16<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>On y trouve beaucoup de préparations à base de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ma%C3%AFs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maïs">maïs</a>. À l'image du « milho », il est servi cuit (<i>milho cozido</i>) en une sorte de purée à base de farine de maïs, à laquelle est ajouté, selon les recettes, du thym, de l’ail, des haricots ou du chou. Il est également frit (<i>milho frito</i>) ; la purée de maïs est alors froide, recuite à la poêle dans l’<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Huile_d%27olive?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Huile d'olive">huile d'olive</a> et découpée en petits morceaux<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-17"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>17<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Un autre plat emblématique de l’archipel est l’<i>espetada</i>, une <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brochette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brochette">brochette</a> traditionnelle de viande de bœuf grillée sur des braises parfumée au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Laurus_nobilis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Laurus nobilis">laurier</a>. Cette grillade est souvent accompagnée de petits pains plats à base de patate douce (<i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bolo_do_caco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bolo do caco">bolo do caco</a></i>) traditionnellement cuits sur une pierre de basalte. Ils sont généralement dégustés tartinés de beurre d’ail.</p> <p>Les « <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pastel_de_nata?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pastel de nata">pastéis de nata</a></i> », pâtisseries typiques du Portugal.</p> <p>Les « <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Queijada?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Queijada">queijadas</a> » sont des desserts à base de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fromage_blanc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fromage blanc">fromage blanc</a>, d’œufs, de beurre et de sucre. Le « pudim de maracuja » <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pudding?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pudding">pudding</a> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grenadille?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grenadille">fruit de la passion</a>, avec de l’écorce d’orange, du lait de « maracuja » et du caramel. Ou encore les « panquecas de abobora » sont des sortes de pancakes de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Potiron?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Potiron">potiron</a>. Enfin, le gâteux typique de Madère est le « <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bolo_de_Mel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolo de Mel">bolo de Mel</a> », gâteau de miel en français. Semblable au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pain_d%27%C3%A9pices?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pain d'épices">pain d'épices</a>, il est fait à base de mélasse de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Canne_%C3%A0_sucre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Canne à sucre">canne à sucre</a>, épices, vin de Madère, amandes et fruits secs<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-18"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>18<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>L'archipel est mondialement connu pour son <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re_(DOC)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Madère (DOC)">vin</a>, notamment pour la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A9risation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Madérisation">madérisation</a>. Mais on y trouve aussi des alcools comme la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Poncha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Poncha">Poncha</a>, un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cocktail?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cocktail">cocktail</a> alcoolisé à base d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eau-de-vie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eau-de-vie">eau-de-vie</a> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Canne_%C3%A0_sucre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Canne à sucre">canne à sucre</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-19"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>19<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. La bière locale, la « Coral » est une bière blonde brassée sur l'île de Madère. De nombreuses eaux-de-vie (Aguardente), des alcools forts proche du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rhum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rhum">rhum</a>, essentiellement de la canne à sucre et des liqueurs à base de fruits.</p> <p>Madère est réputée pour la qualité de ses fruits <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Annona_cherimola?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Annona cherimola">anona</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-20"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>20<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. La fête de l'Anona est traditionnelle et a lieu chaque année dans la paroisse de Faial. Cet événement encourage la consommation de ce fruit et de ses dérivés, tels que liqueurs, puddings, crèmes glacées et laits frappés<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-21"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>21<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Littérature"><span id="Litt.C3.A9rature"></span>Littérature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Littérature" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gaspar_Frutuoso&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Gaspar Frutuoso (page inexistante)">Gaspar Frutuoso</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_Frutuoso" class="extiw" title="pt:Gaspar Frutuoso"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en portugais : « Gaspar Frutuoso »">(pt)</span></a> (1522-1591), <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saudades_da_Terra?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Saudades da Terra">Saudades da Terra</a> (1586-1590)</i></li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elucid%C3%A1rio_Madeirense&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Elucidário Madeirense (page inexistante)">Elucidário Madeirense</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elucid%25C3%25A1rio_Madeirense" class="extiw" title="pt:Elucidário Madeirense"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en portugais : « Elucidário Madeirense »">(pt)</span></a></i> (1921, coordonnée par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Fernando_Augusto_da_Silva&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Fernando Augusto da Silva (page inexistante)">Fernando Augusto da Silva</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Augusto_da_Silva" class="extiw" title="pt:Fernando Augusto da Silva"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en portugais : « Fernando Augusto da Silva »">(pt)</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Pereira_da_Costa_(historien)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="José Pereira da Costa (historien) (page inexistante)">José Pereira da Costa (historien)</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%25C3%25A9_Pereira_da_Costa_(historiador)" class="extiw" title="pt:José Pereira da Costa (historiador)"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en portugais : « José Pereira da Costa (historiador) »">(pt)</span></a> (1922-2010), directeur des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Archives_nationales_et_de_la_Biblioth%C3%A8que_publique_de_Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Archives nationales et de la Bibliothèque publique de Madère (page inexistante)">Archives nationales et de la Bibliothèque publique de Madère</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arquivo_Regional_e_Biblioteca_P%25C3%25BAblica_da_Madeira" class="extiw" title="pt:Arquivo Regional e Biblioteca Pública da Madeira"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en portugais : « Arquivo Regional e Biblioteca Pública da Madeira »">(pt)</span></a></li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Dictionnaire_encyclop%C3%A9dique_de_Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Dictionnaire encyclopédique de Madère (page inexistante)">Dictionnaire encyclopédique de Madère</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dicion%25C3%25A1rio_Enciclop%25C3%25A9dico_da_Madeira" class="extiw" title="pt:Dicionário Enciclopédico da Madeira"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en portugais : « Dicionário Enciclopédico da Madeira »">(pt)</span></a></i> (2014-2017)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Foire_du_livre_de_Funchal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Foire du livre de Funchal">Foire du livre de Funchal</a> (depuis 1974)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8ques_%C3%A0_Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Bibliothèques à Madère (page inexistante)">Bibliothèques à Madère</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Bibliotecas_da_Madeira" class="extiw" title="pt:Category:Bibliotecas da Madeira"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en portugais : « Category:Bibliotecas da Madeira »">(pt)</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Théâtre"><span id="Th.C3.A9.C3.A2tre"></span>Théâtre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Théâtre" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_%C3%A0_Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Théâtre à Madère (page inexistante)">Théâtre à Madère</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Teatro_na_Madeira" class="extiw" title="pt:Category:Teatro na Madeira"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en portugais : « Category:Teatro na Madeira »">(pt)</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Cinéma"><span id="Cin.C3.A9ma"></span>Cinéma</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=17&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Cinéma" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Commission_du_Cin%C3%A9ma_de_Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Commission du Cinéma de Madère (page inexistante)">Commission du Cinéma de Madère</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira_Film_Commission" class="extiw" title="pt:Madeira Film Commission"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en portugais : « Madeira Film Commission »">(pt)</span></a> (MFC)</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Musique">Musique</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=18&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Musique" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Musique_%C3%A0_Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Musique à Madère (page inexistante)">Musique à Madère</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:M%25C3%25BAsica_na_Madeira" class="extiw" title="pt:Category:Música na Madeira"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en portugais : « Category:Música na Madeira »">(pt)</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Musique_de_Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Musique de Madère (page inexistante)">Musique de Madère</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_of_Madeira" class="extiw" title="en:Music of Madeira"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais : « Music of Madeira »">(en)</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Enseignement">Enseignement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=19&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Enseignement" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Université de Madère">Université de Madère</a> (1988)</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=20&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Sport" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <p>L'archipel est représenté dans le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sport?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sport">sport</a> de haut niveau. Ainsi il compte deux formations de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Football?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Football">football</a> évoluant au plus haut niveau national : le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Club_Sport_Mar%C3%ADtimo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Club Sport Marítimo">Marítimo</a> et le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Clube_Desportivo_Nacional?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Clube Desportivo Nacional">CD Nacional</a> ont même représenté le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portugal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> à travers la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ligue_Europa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ligue Europa">coupe de l'UEFA</a>.</p> <p>Madère est aussi présent dans le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Handball?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Handball">handball</a>, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Basket-ball?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Basket-ball">basket-ball</a>, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tennis_de_table?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tennis de table">tennis de table</a> au plus haut niveau national aussi bien dans les catégories masculines que féminines.</p> <p>La ville de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Funchal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Funchal">Funchal</a> est l'un des passages obligés lors des courses de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nautisme_(voile)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nautisme (voile)">voiles</a> notamment avec la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Transat_Jacques-Vabre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Transat Jacques-Vabre">Transat Jacques-Vabre</a>.</p> <p>Tous les ans est organisé le Rallye Vinho Madeira, épreuve comptant pour le championnat d'Europe.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Personnalités_de_Madère_ou_ayant_vécu_dans_l'archipel"><span id="Personnalit.C3.A9s_de_Mad.C3.A8re_ou_ayant_v.C3.A9cu_dans_l.27archipel"></span>Personnalités de Madère ou ayant vécu dans l'archipel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=21&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Personnalités de Madère ou ayant vécu dans l'archipel" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andr%C3%A9-Antoine_Bernard?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="André-Antoine Bernard">André-Antoine Bernard</a>, révolutionnaire français</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antonio_de_Abreu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antonio de Abreu">Antonio de Abreu</a>, militaire et navigateur</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Christophe_Colomb?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Christophe Colomb">Christophe Colomb</a>, explorateur</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lisabeth_de_Wittelsbach?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élisabeth de Wittelsbach">Élisabeth d'Autriche, reine de Hongrie</a>, connue sous le surnom de Sissi</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Charles_Ier_(empereur_d%27Autriche)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Charles Ier (empereur d'Autriche)">Charles <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr> d'Autriche</a>, dernier souverain d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Autriche-Hongrie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Autriche-Hongrie">Autriche-Hongrie</a>, mort et inhumé dans l'île</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zita_de_Bourbon-Parme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zita de Bourbon-Parme">Zita de Bourbon-Parme</a>, dernière impératrice d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Autriche?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Autriche">Autriche</a> et reine de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hongrie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hongrie">Hongrie</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alice_Heine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alice Heine">Alice Heine</a>, princesse de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monaco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cristiano_Ronaldo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cristiano Ronaldo">Cristiano Ronaldo</a>, footballeur <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ballon_d%27or?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ballon d'or">Ballon d'or</a> 2008, 2013, 2014, 2016 et 2017 est né et a grandi à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Funchal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Funchal">Funchal</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Freguesia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Freguesia">freguesia</a> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Santo_Ant%C3%B3nio_(Funchal)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Santo António (Funchal)">Santo Antonio</a>).</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Danny_(football,_1983)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Danny (football, 1983)">Danny</a>, joueur de football au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Z%C3%A9nith_Saint-P%C3%A9tersbourg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zénith Saint-Pétersbourg">Zénith Saint-Pétersbourg</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/F%C3%A1tima_Lopes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fátima Lopes">Fátima Lopes</a>, styliste</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Herberto_Helder?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Herberto Helder">Herberto Helder</a> (1946-2015), poète</li> <li><span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Humbert_II_(roi_d%27Italie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Humbert II (roi d'Italie)"><span class="nowrap">Humbert <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></span></a></span>, dernier souverain d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italie">Italie</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moises_Henriques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Moises Henriques">Moises Henriques</a>, joueur de cricket</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paul_Langerhans_(m%C3%A9decin)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paul Langerhans (médecin)">Paul Langerhans</a>, scientifique allemand</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/V%C3%A2nia_Fernandes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vânia Fernandes">Vânia Fernandes</a>, chanteuse</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Leonardo_Jardim?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Leonardo Jardim">Leonardo Jardim</a>, entraîneur portugais de football</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Annexes">Annexes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=22&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Annexes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style> <div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="commons"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Madeira?uselang%3Dfr">Madère</a>, sur <span class="project">Wikimedia Commons</span></li> <li class="wikivoyage"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Mad%25C3%25A8re" class="extiw" title="voy:Madère">Madère</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur <span class="project">Wikivoyage</span></span></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=23&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9gions_du_Portugal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Régions du Portugal">Régions du Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/A%C3%A7ores?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Açores">Açores</a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=24&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li> <div class="liste-horizontale"> <span class="wd_identifiers"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_(sciences_de_l%27information)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Autorité (sciences de l'information)">Notices d'autorité</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26253?uselang%3Dfr%23identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> : <ul> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://aut.nkp.cz/ge129929">Tchéquie</a></span></li> </ul> </div></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative à la musique<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26253?uselang%3Dfr%23identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> : <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://musicbrainz.org/area/9cdaf9c8-4d0a-4ca6-8737-4fed25d642c5"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">MusicBrainz</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li> <div class="liste-horizontale"> <span class="wd_identifiers">Notices dans des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26253?uselang%3Dfr%23identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> : <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://denstoredanske.lex.dk//Madeira_-_portugisisk_%25C3%25B8gruppe/"><i>Den Store Danske Encyklopædi</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.enciclopedia.cat/EC-GEC-0039029.xml"><i>Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/;4197274"><i>Internetowa encyklopedia PWN</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://snl.no/Madeira"><i>Store norske leksikon</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/archipel-de-madere/"><i>Universalis</i></a></li> </ul> </div></li> <li><cite class="ouvrage" id="site_officiel" style="font-style: normal;"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : portugais">(pt)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.madeira.gov.pt/">Site officiel</a></cite></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://visitmadeira.com/fr/que-faire/">[2]</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Concurrence_fiscale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Concurrence fiscale">Optimisation fiscale</a>, avantages fiscaux (5% d'imposition sur les sociétés)<sup id="cite_ref-lemonde_4862750_22-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-lemonde_4862750-22"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>22<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-lemonde_abo_4862750_23-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-lemonde_abo_4862750-23"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>23<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V17034">Regional diplomacy: The European Union and its outermost regions</a>, Pacheco Amaral E Carlos Amaral, Pacheco E Carlos, 2017</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ocean-retreat.com">[3]</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://madeira.best/">[4]</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://madeira.best/guide-des-iles-de-madere/faits-sur-lile-de-madere/geologie-de-lile-de-madere">[5]</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.worldhistory.org/trans/fr/2-1756/colonisation-portugaise-de-madere/">[6]</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.madere-leguide.com/foret-laurifere-madere">[7]</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mad%C3%A8re&action=edit&section=25&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">En <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ais?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Français">français</a> : « De toutes les îles, les plus belles et les plus libres. »</span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : portugais">(pt)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.visitmadeira.pt/fr-fr/madere/nature/volcanisme-de-larchipel-de-madere"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="pt">Site oficial do Turismo da Madeira</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">visitmadeira.pt</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-04-20" data-sort-value="2023-04-20">20 avril 2023</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Les seuls occupants semi permanents sont les gardiens des 2 phares et des biologistes (on dénombre 40 000 oiseaux).</span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Direction régionale du tourisme de Madère: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.visitmadeira.pt/fr-fr/madere/climat/">http://www.visitmadeira.pt/fr-fr/madere/climat/</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.worldweather.org/190/c00005.htm">worldweather.org</a>. Pour l'ensoleillement : <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.madeira.climatemps.com/">[1]</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2019">« <cite style="font-style:normal">Le « plasticroûte », un nouveau type de pollution sur le littoral de Madère</cite> », <i>Le Monde</i>,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-07-11" data-sort-value="2019-07-11">11 juillet 2019</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2019/07/11/un-nouveau-type-de-pollution-plastique-decouvert-sur-les-littoraux-de-madere_5487920_3244.html">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Le+%C2%AB+plasticro%C3%BBte+%C2%BB%2C+un+nouveau+type+de+pollution+sur+le+littoral+de+Mad%C3%A8re&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.date=2019-07-11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AMad%C3%A8re"></span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2002"><cite class="italique">Les Açores. Un archipel au cœur de l'Atlantique</cite>, <time>2002</time>, 258 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-8111-3590-4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-8111-3590-4"><span class="nowrap">978-2-8111-3590-4</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.fr/books?id%3DbqwCmvxj67EC%26pg%3DPA19%26q%3Dcarthaginois%2Ba%25C3%25A7ores">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr> 19<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+A%C3%A7ores.+Un+archipel+au+c%C5%93ur+de+l%27Atlantique&rft.date=2002&rft.pages=19&rft.tpages=258&rft.isbn=978-2-8111-3590-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AMad%C3%A8re"></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ignasse2008"><span class="ouvrage" id="Joël_Ignasse2008">Joël Ignasse, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Les souris de Madère</cite> », <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sciences_et_Avenir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sciences et Avenir">Sciences et Avenir</a></i>,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2008-01-23" data-sort-value="2008-01-23">23 janvier 2008</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nature-environnement/les-souris-de-madere_4039">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Les+souris+de+Mad%C3%A8re&rft.jtitle=Sciences+et+Avenir&rft.aulast=Ignasse&rft.aufirst=Jo%C3%ABl&rft.date=2008-01-23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AMad%C3%A8re"></span></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Amsler1957"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jean_Amsler1957">Jean Amsler, <cite class="italique">La Renaissance (1415-1600) dans le tome II de l'Histoire Universelle des Explorations</cite>, Paris, Nouvelle Librairie de France F. Sant'Andrea, <time>1957</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 24 Livre 1er Chapitre 1<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+Renaissance+%281415-1600%29+dans+le+tome+II+de+l%27Histoire+Universelle+des+Explorations&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Nouvelle+Librairie+de+France+F.+Sant%27Andrea&rft.aulast=Amsler&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft.date=1957&rft.pages=24+Livre+1er+Chapitre+1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AMad%C3%A8re"></span></span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id=":_29/07/2023">« <cite style="font-style:normal">À Madère, sur les voies express du développement</cite> », <i>RFI</i>,‎ : 29/07/2023 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/europe/20230729-%25C3%25A0-mad%25C3%25A8re-sur-les-voies-express-du-d%25C3%25A9veloppement">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%C3%80+Mad%C3%A8re%2C+sur+les+voies+express+du+d%C3%A9veloppement&rft.jtitle=RFI&rft.date=2023&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AMad%C3%A8re"></span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-11">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Guide du Routard <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.routard.com/guide/code_dest/madere.htm">http://www.routard.com/guide/code_dest/madere.htm</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-:5-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:5_12-0">a</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:5_12-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2019"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : portugais">(pt)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.jm-madeira.pt/opinioes/ver/2387/Mais_Zona_Franca_melhor_Madeira"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="pt">Mais Zona Franca, melhor Madeira</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">JM Madeira</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-04-18" data-sort-value="2019-04-18">18 avril 2019</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-11-12" data-sort-value="2019-11-12">12 novembre 2019</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-13">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Santos"><span class="ouvrage" id="Rúben_Santos"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : portugais">(pt)</abbr> Rúben <span class="nom_auteur">Santos</span>, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.dnoticias.pt/madeira/receita-do-irc-cresceu-62-na-madeira-DC4510764"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="pt-pt">Receita do IRC cresceu 62 % na Madeira</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">dnoticias.pt</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-11-12" data-sort-value="2019-11-12">12 novembre 2019</time>)</small></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-14">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Estatísticas do Turismo <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.madeiratourism.org/">http://www.madeiratourism.org/</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-15">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Merlen15"><span class="ouvrage" id="Olivia_Merlen15">Olivia <span class="nom_auteur">Merlen</span>, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.linternaute.com/voyage/pratique/1235900-british-airways-revele-les-secrets-d-un-atterrissage-a-funchal/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Aéroport de Funchal : les secrets pour atterrir sur l'un des aéroports les plus dangereux du monde</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%27Internaute?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="L'Internaute">L'Internaute</a></span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="0015-06-16" data-sort-value="0015-06-16">18 juin 15</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-04-03" data-sort-value="2019-04-03">3 avril 2019</time>)</small></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-16">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.visitportugal.com/fr/node/73839"><cite style="font-style:normal;">La gastronomie de Madère</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">visitportugal.com</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-03-03" data-sort-value="2019-03-03">3 mars 2019</time>)</small></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-17">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.expedia.fr/explore/madere-ile-aux-mille-saveur"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Madère, île aux mille saveurs</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">expedia.fr</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-03-03" data-sort-value="2019-03-03">3 mars 2019</time>)</small></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-18">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.routard.com/guide/madere/2215/cuisine_et_boissons.htm"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Cuisine, gastronomie et boissons Madère</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">routard.com</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-03-03" data-sort-value="2019-03-03">3 mars 2019</time>)</small></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-19">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.madeira-holidays.eu/madeira-products/poncha-traditional-drink-madeira/"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Ponhca is the traditional drink of Madeira</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">madeira-holidays.eu</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-03-02" data-sort-value="2019-03-02">2 mars 2019</time>)</small></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-20">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="de_Informação_do_Comércio_Agroalimentar"><span class="ouvrage" id="Direção_de_Informação_do_Comércio_Agroalimentar"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : portugais">(pt)</abbr> Direção de Informação do Comércio Agroalimentar, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dica.madeira.gov.pt/index.php/producao-vegetal/fruticultura/1250-a-importancia-da-cultura-da-anoneira-na-ram"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="pt">A importância da cultura da anoneira na RAM</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">dica.madeira.gov.pt</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-03-20" data-sort-value="2019-03-20">20 mars 2019</time>)</small></span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-21">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Regional_do_Turismo_da_Madeira"><span class="ouvrage" id="Direcção_Regional_do_Turismo_da_Madeira"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : portugais">(pt)</abbr> Direcção Regional do Turismo da Madeira, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.visitmadeira.pt/pt-pt/o-que-fazer/eventos/pesquisa/festa-da-anona"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="pt">Festa da Anona</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">visitmadeira.pt</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-03-20" data-sort-value="2019-03-20">20 mars 2019</time>)</small></span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-lemonde_4862750-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-lemonde_4862750_22-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="VaudanoBaruch2017"><span class="ouvrage" id="Maxime_VaudanoJérémie_Baruch2017">Maxime Vaudano et Jérémie Baruch, « <cite style="font-style:normal">L’île de Madère est-elle un paradis fiscal ?</cite> », <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Monde?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Monde">Le Monde</a></i>,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2017-02-15" data-sort-value="2017-02-15">15 février 2017</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lemonde.fr/evasion-fiscale/article/2017/02/15/l-ile-de-madere-est-elle-un-paradis-fiscal_5079988_4862750.html">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Accès libre au document"> <noscript> <img alt="Accès libre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 9px;height: 14px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" data-alt="Accès libre" data-width="9" data-height="14" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-08-29" data-sort-value="2020-08-29">29 août 2020</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=L%E2%80%99%C3%AEle+de+Mad%C3%A8re+est-elle+un+paradis+fiscal+%3F&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.aulast=Vaudano&rft.aufirst=Maxime&rft.au=J%C3%A9r%C3%A9mie+Baruch&rft.date=2017-02-15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AMad%C3%A8re"></span></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-lemonde_abo_4862750-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-lemonde_abo_4862750_23-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="MichelVaudanoBaruch2017"><span class="ouvrage" id="Anne_MichelMaxime_VaudanoJérémie_Baruch2017">Anne Michel, Maxime Vaudano et Jérémie Baruch, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://abonnes.lemonde.fr/evasion-fiscale/article/2017/02/14/money-island-madere-la-petite-ile-aux-tresors-fiscaux-oubliee-par-l-europe_5079568_4862750.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Madère, la petite île aux trésors fiscaux oubliée par l’Europe</cite></a> » <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Accès payant au document"> <noscript> <img alt="Accès payant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="947"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 9px;height: 14px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png" data-alt="Accès payant" data-width="9" data-height="14" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span>, sur <span class="italique">lemonde.fr</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2017-02-14" data-sort-value="2017-02-14">14 février 2017</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-08-29" data-sort-value="2020-08-29">29 août 2020</time>)</small></span></span>.</span></li> </ol> </div> </div> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail de Madère"> <noscript> <img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_Madeira.svg/33px-Flag_of_Madeira.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="22" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 33px;height: 22px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_Madeira.svg/33px-Flag_of_Madeira.svg.png" data-alt="icône décorative" data-width="33" data-height="22" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_Madeira.svg/50px-Flag_of_Madeira.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_Madeira.svg/66px-Flag_of_Madeira.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Mad%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail:Madère">Portail de Madère</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Portugal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail du Portugal"> <noscript> <img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="22" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 33px;height: 22px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" data-alt="icône décorative" data-width="33" data-height="22" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/50px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/66px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Portugal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail:Portugal">Portail du Portugal</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:%C3%89coatlas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail de l'écoatlas"> <noscript> <img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/24px-Terra.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 24px;height: 24px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/24px-Terra.png" data-alt="icône décorative" data-width="24" data-height="24" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/36px-Terra.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/48px-Terra.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:%C3%89coatlas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail:Écoatlas">Portail de l'écoatlas</a></span> </span></li> </ul>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Ce document provient de « <a dir="ltr" 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class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Langues</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeiraeilande" title="Madeiraeilande – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Madeiraeilande" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – alémanique" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alémanique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2588%259B%25E1%258B%25B0%25E1%258B%25AD%25E1%2588%25AB" title="ማደይራ – amharique" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ማደይራ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – aragonais" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF%25D9%258A%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7" title="ماديرا – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ماديرا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF%25D9%258A%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7" title="ماديرا – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ماديرا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A6%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%2587%25E0%25A7%25B0%25E0%25A6%25BE" title="মাদেইৰা – assamais" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মাদেইৰা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeyra" title="Madeyra – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Madeyra" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Мадейра – bachkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Мадейра" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bachkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – bavarois" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%258D%25D0%25B9%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Мадэйра – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мадэйра" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%258D%25D0%25B9%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Мадэйра – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мадэйра" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mad%25C3%25A9ra" title="Madéra – betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Madéra" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Мадейра – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мадейра" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Мадейра – tchétchène" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Мадейра" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tchétchène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira_(distrito)" title="Madeira (distrito) – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Madeira (distrito)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AF%25D9%2588%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25DA%25AF%25DB%2595%25DA%25A9%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25DB%258C_%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF%25DB%258C%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7" title="دوورگەکانی مادیرا – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دوورگەکانی مادیرا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madera" title="Madera – corse" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Madera" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="corse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira_(souostrov%25C3%25AD)" title="Madeira (souostroví) – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Madeira (souostroví)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mad%25C3%25A9ra" title="Madéra – kachoube" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Madéra" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="kachoube" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Мадейра – tchouvache" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Мадейра" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tchouvache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonome_Region_Madeira" title="Autonome Region Madeira – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Autonome Region Madeira" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%259C%25CE%25B1%25CE%25B4%25CE%25AD%25CF%2581%25CE%25B1" title="Μαδέρα – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μαδέρα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madejro" title="Madejro – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Madejro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – estrémègne" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="estrémègne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF%25DB%258C%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7" title="مادیرا – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مادیرا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bon article"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – féroïen" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="féroïen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regiuun_Madeira" title="Regiuun Madeira – frison septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Regiuun Madeira" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frison septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeara" title="Madeara – frison occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Madeara" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frison occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maid%25C3%25A9ara" title="Maidéara – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Maidéara" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira_adalar%25C4%25B1" title="Madeira adaları – gagaouze" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Madeira adaları" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagaouze" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – gaélique écossais" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaélique écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rexi%25C3%25B3n_Aut%25C3%25B3noma_de_Madeira" title="Rexión Autónoma de Madeira – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Rexión Autónoma de Madeira" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%259E%25D7%2593%25D7%2599%25D7%2599%25D7%25A8%25D7%2594" title="מדיירה – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מדיירה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25A6%25E0%25A5%2580%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="मदीरा – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मदीरा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira_(autonomna_regija)" title="Madeira (autonomna regija) – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Madeira (autonomna regija)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira-szigetek" title="Madeira-szigetek – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Madeira-szigetek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%2584%25D5%25A1%25D5%25A4%25D5%25A5%25D5%25B5%25D6%2580%25D5%25A1" title="Մադեյրա – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մադեյրա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeiraeyjar" title="Madeiraeyjar – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Madeiraeyjar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madera" title="Madera – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Madera" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2583%259E%25E3%2583%2587%25E3%2582%25A4%25E3%2583%25A9%25E8%25AB%25B8%25E5%25B3%25B6" title="マデイラ諸島 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マデイラ諸島" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madiera" title="Madiera – créole jamaïcain" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Madiera" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="créole jamaïcain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – javanais" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%259B%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%2593%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2590" title="მადეირა – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მადეირა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Мадейра – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мадейра" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EB%25A7%2588%25EB%258D%25B0%25EC%259D%25B4%25EB%259D%25BC_%25EC%25A0%259C%25EB%258F%2584" title="마데이라 제도 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마데이라 제도" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – cornique" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulae_Materiae" title="Insulae Materiae – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Insulae Materiae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isolas_Madera" title="Isolas Madera – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Isolas Madera" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – limbourgeois" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limbourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – ligure" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligure" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeiros_autonominis_regionas" title="Madeiros autonominis regionas – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Madeiros autonominis regionas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – malgache" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D1%2598%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Мадејра – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мадејра" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A6%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%2588%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="मादेईरा – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मादेईरा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Мадейра – mari occidental" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Мадейра" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="mari occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Region_Out%25C3%25B3noma_de_la_Madeira" title="Region Outónoma de la Madeira – mirandais" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Region Outónoma de la Madeira" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%2592%25E1%2580%25AE%25E1%2580%25B8%25E1%2580%259B%25E1%2580%2580%25E1%2580%25BB%25E1%2580%25BD%25E1%2580%2594%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%25B8%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25BB%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%25B8" title="မဒီးရကျွန်းများ – birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မဒီးရကျွန်းများ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF%25DB%258C%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7" title="مادیرا – mazandérani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مادیرا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandérani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – bas-saxon néerlandais" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="bas-saxon néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira_(gebied)" title="Madeira (gebied) – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Madeira (gebied)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archip%25C3%25A8la_de_Mad%25C3%25A8ira" title="Archipèla de Madèira – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Archipèla de Madèira" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2580%25C3%25A6" title="Мадейрæ – ossète" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Мадейрæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossète" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madera" title="Madera – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Madera" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF%25DB%258C%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7" title="مادیرا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مادیرا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira_(regi%25C3%25A3o_aut%25C3%25B3noma)" title="Madeira (região autónoma) – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Madeira (região autónoma)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Мадейра – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мадейра" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Мадейра – iakoute" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Мадейра" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iakoute" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – sarde" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sarde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madera" title="Madera – sicilien" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Madera" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – écossais" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – same du Nord" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="same du Nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%2590%25E1%2580%25AE%25E1%2580%25B8%25E1%2580%259B%25E1%2582%2583%25E1%2582%2587" title="မတီးရႃႇ – shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မတီးရႃႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B6%25B8%25E0%25B7%2590%25E0%25B6%25A9%25E0%25B7%2599%25E0%25B6%25BA%25E0%25B7%2592%25E0%25B6%25BB%25E0%25B7%258F" title="මැඩෙයිරා – cingalais" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මැඩෙයිරා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishujt_Medeira" title="Ishujt Medeira – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ishujt Medeira" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Мадеира – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мадеира" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – soundanais" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="soundanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visiwa_vya_Madeira" title="Visiwa vya Madeira – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Visiwa vya Madeira" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%25AE%25E0%25AE%25A4%25E0%25AF%2580%25E0%25AE%25B0%25E0%25AE%25BE" title="மதீரா – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மதீரா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25A1%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%2594%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B2" title="มาเดรา – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มาเดรา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Мадейра – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Мадейра" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0_(%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2585%25D1%2596%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B3)" title="Мадейра (архіпелаг) – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мадейра (архіпелаг)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF%25DB%258C%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7" title="مادیرا – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مادیرا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%25A9%25AC%25E5%25BE%25B7%25E6%258B%2589" title="马德拉 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="马德拉" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%259B%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%2593%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2590" title="მადეირა – mingrélien" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მადეირა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrélien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – zélandais" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="zélandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%25A9%25AC%25E5%25BE%25B7%25E6%258B%2589%25E7%25BE%25A4%25E5%25B2%259B" title="马德拉群岛 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="马德拉群岛" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Madeira" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%25A6%25AC%25E5%25BE%25B7%25E6%258B%2589" title="馬德拉 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="馬德拉" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMadira" title="IMadira – zoulou" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IMadira" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zoulou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-fr.svg" alt="Wikipédia" width="119" height="18" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 24 novembre 2024 à 21:14.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Le contenu est disponible sous licence <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> sauf mention contraire.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a 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