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.navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Peter Marcuse</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_Marcuse_MIT2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Peter_Marcuse_MIT2.jpg/220px-Peter_Marcuse_MIT2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="292" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Peter_Marcuse_MIT2.jpg/330px-Peter_Marcuse_MIT2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Peter_Marcuse_MIT2.jpg/440px-Peter_Marcuse_MIT2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1524" data-file-height="2026" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Marcuse at the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a>, 2017</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1928-11-13</span>)</span>November 13, 1928<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Free_State_of_Prussia" title="Free State of Prussia">Prussia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Weimar_Republic" title="Weimar Republic">Germany</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">March 4, 2022<span style="display:none">(2022-03-04)</span> (aged 93)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Santa_Barbara,_California" title="Santa Barbara, California">Santa Barbara, California</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">German, American</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role"><a href="/wiki/Scholar" title="Scholar">scholar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lawyer" title="Lawyer">lawyer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urban_planner" title="Urban planner">urban planner</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Title</th><td class="infobox-data title">Harvey Perloff Professor of Planning, University of California at Los Angeles<br />Professor of Urban Planning, <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Academic background</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">JD</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ph.D." class="mw-redirect" title="Ph.D.">Ph.D.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Thesis" title="Thesis">Thesis</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Home Ownership Programs for Lower Income Families: Legal and Financial Implications<sup id="cite_ref-diss_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diss-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> (1972)</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Academic work</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discipline</th><td class="infobox-data">Lawyer, <a href="/wiki/Urban_planner" title="Urban planner">urban planner</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles" title="University of California, Los Angeles">University of California, Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a><sup id="cite_ref-cv2016_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cv2016-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data">marcuse.org/peter/peter.htm</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Peter Marcuse</b> (November 13, 1928 – March 4, 2022) was a German-born American lawyer and professor of <a href="/wiki/Urban_planning" title="Urban planning">urban planning</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Marcuse&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Marcuse was the older son of Sophie Wertheim and philosopher and <a href="/wiki/Critical_theory" title="Critical theory">critical theorist</a> <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Marcuse" title="Herbert Marcuse">Herbert Marcuse</a>. He was born in <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, left Germany shortly after Hitler came to power, and immigrated to the U.S. in 1934. </p><p>Marcuse obtained a <a href="/wiki/Juris_doctor" class="mw-redirect" title="Juris doctor">JD</a> from <a href="/wiki/Yale_Law_School" title="Yale Law School">Yale Law School</a> in 1952. He earned master's degrees from Columbia in public law and government in 1963 and from Yale in urban studies in 1968. He completed a <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_philosophy" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctor of philosophy">PhD</a> at <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">UC Berkeley</a> in city and regional planning in 1972 with a thesis on the legal and financial implications of home ownership for low income families. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Marcuse&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Marcuse began his career as a lawyer in <a href="/wiki/New_Haven,_Connecticut" title="New Haven, Connecticut">New Haven</a> and <a href="/wiki/Waterbury,_Connecticut" title="Waterbury, Connecticut">Waterbury</a>, Connecticut, where he served as majority leader of the <a href="/wiki/Board_of_aldermen" class="mw-redirect" title="Board of aldermen">board of aldermen</a> from 1959 to 1963. In July 1964 he participated in the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Summer" title="Freedom Summer">Freedom Summer</a> in Mississippi, publishing a series of articles about his experience there.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a member of the Waterbury City Plan Commission from 1964 to 1968. </p><p>Marcuse was a professor of urban planning at <a href="/wiki/UCLA" class="mw-redirect" title="UCLA">UCLA</a> from 1972 to 1975, then at <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> from 1975 to 2003. He wrote extensively on gentrification, various forms of ghettoization (imposed ghettos, "enclaves," and "citadels"), <a href="/wiki/Right_to_the_city" title="Right to the city">the right to the city</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Occupy_movement" title="Occupy movement">Occupy movement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Views_on_public_transit">Views on public transit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Marcuse&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Views on public transit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While a Los Angeles City planning commissioner and professor at UCLA, Marcuse strongly opposed proposals in the 1970s to build a <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Metro_Rail" title="Los Angeles Metro Rail">rail transit system in Los Angeles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He argued in 1974 that rail transit primarily benefitted the middle-class and wealthy real estate owners, promoted sprawl, and was funded by regressive sales taxes.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The office of Los Angeles Mayor <a href="/wiki/Tom_Bradley_(American_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tom Bradley (American politician)">Tom Bradley</a>, a strong proponent of a rail system in Los Angeles, considered Marcuse's public criticisms of the mayor's proposals to be damaging.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Views_on_housing">Views on housing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Marcuse&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Views on housing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2008, Marcuse criticized New York City Mayor <a href="/wiki/Michael_Bloomberg" title="Michael Bloomberg">Michael Bloomberg</a>'s <a href="/wiki/PlaNYC" title="PlaNYC">PlaNYC</a>, a strategic plan to prepare New York City for one million more residents by expanding housing, enacting congestion pricing, repairing infrastructure, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Marcuse called the process of participation a "sham",<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and said the plan focused narrowly on infrastructure and environmental threats without comprehensively evaluating the city's economic and racial inequalities.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 2016 book <i>In Defense of Housing</i> (co-authored with David Madden), Marcuse argues that zoning changes and policy changes cannot solve the housing crisis unless housing is <a href="/wiki/Decommodification" title="Decommodification">de-commodified</a> and removed from the market entirely.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Marcuse&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Marcuse had three children with his wife, Frances (née Bessler): novelist <a href="/wiki/Irene_Marcuse" title="Irene Marcuse">Irene Marcuse</a>, <a href="/wiki/UC_Santa_Barbara" class="mw-redirect" title="UC Santa Barbara">UC Santa Barbara</a> history professor <a href="/wiki/Harold_Marcuse" title="Harold Marcuse">Harold Marcuse</a>, and Andrew Marcuse. He died on March 4, 2022, at the age of 93.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Books_and_publications">Books and publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Marcuse&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Books and publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_Marcuse,_Graduate_Center,_CUNY,_Nov2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Peter_Marcuse%2C_Graduate_Center%2C_CUNY%2C_Nov2016.jpg/250px-Peter_Marcuse%2C_Graduate_Center%2C_CUNY%2C_Nov2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Peter_Marcuse%2C_Graduate_Center%2C_CUNY%2C_Nov2016.jpg/375px-Peter_Marcuse%2C_Graduate_Center%2C_CUNY%2C_Nov2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Peter_Marcuse%2C_Graduate_Center%2C_CUNY%2C_Nov2016.jpg/500px-Peter_Marcuse%2C_Graduate_Center%2C_CUNY%2C_Nov2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2596" data-file-height="1846" /></a><figcaption>David Madden, Peter Marcuse (center), <a href="/wiki/David_Harvey" title="David Harvey">David Harvey</a>, and Gregory Baggett at <a href="/wiki/The_Graduate_Center,_CUNY" class="mw-redirect" title="The Graduate Center, CUNY">The Graduate Center, CUNY</a> for the <i>In Defense of Housing</i> book launch.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/missingmarxperso00marc"><i>Missing Marx: A Personal and Political Journal of a Year in East Germany, 1989-1990</i></a></span>. Monthly Review Press. 1991. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0853458278" title="Special:BookSources/0853458278"><bdi>0853458278</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Missing+Marx%3A+A+Personal+and+Political+Journal+of+a+Year+in+East+Germany%2C+1989-1990&rft.pub=Monthly+Review+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0853458278&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmissingmarxperso00marc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Marcuse" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Of States and Cities: The Partitioning of Urban Space</i>. Oxford University Press. 2002. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/019829719X" title="Special:BookSources/019829719X"><bdi>019829719X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Of+States+and+Cities%3A+The+Partitioning+of+Urban+Space&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=019829719X&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Marcuse" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>with James Connolly, Johannes Novy, Ingrid Olivo, Cuz Potter, Justin Steil, <i>Searching for the Just City: Debates in Urban Theory and Practice</i>. Routledge 2009. ISBN 978-0415687614</li> <li>with Neil Brenner and Margit Mayer, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Cities for People Not for Profit: Critical Urban Theory and the Right to the City</i>. Taylor and Francis. 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cities+for+People+Not+for+Profit%3A+Critical+Urban+Theory+and+the+Right+to+the+City&rft.pub=Taylor+and+Francis&rft.date=2011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Marcuse" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaddenMarcuse2016" class="citation book cs1">Madden, David; Marcuse, Peter (2016). <i>In Defense of Housing: The Politics of Crisis</i>. Verso Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781784783549" title="Special:BookSources/9781784783549"><bdi>9781784783549</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+Defense+of+Housing%3A+The+Politics+of+Crisis&rft.pub=Verso+Books&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9781784783549&rft.aulast=Madden&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Marcuse%2C+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Marcuse" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>"From Utopian and Realistic to Transformative Planning," in: Beatrix Haselsberger, ed. <i>Encounters in Planning Thought: 16 Autobiographical Essays from Key Thinkers in Spatial Planning</i> (Routledge, 2017), pp 35–50.</li> <li>"From Gerrymandering to Co-Mandering: Redrawing the Lines," in: Andrea Kahn and Carol J. Burns (eds.), <i>Site Matters: Strategies for Uncertainty through Planning and Design</i> (New York: Routledge, 2020), pp. 252–266.</li> <li>"From Gerrymandering to "Social Mandering", <i>Progressive City Newsletter</i>, June 2021, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.progressivecity.net/single-post/from-gerrymandering-to-social-mandering">https://www.progressivecity.net/single-post/from-gerrymandering-to-social-mandering</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Marcuse&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-diss-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-diss_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarcuse1972" class="citation thesis cs1">Marcuse, Peter (1972). <i>Home ownership programs for lower income families: legal and financial implications</i> (Ph.D.). <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/21477019">21477019</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Home+ownership+programs+for+lower+income+families%3A+legal+and+financial+implications&rft.inst=University+of+California%2C+Berkeley&rft.date=1972&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F21477019&rft.aulast=Marcuse&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Marcuse" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cv2016-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cv2016_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarcuse2016" class="citation web cs1">Marcuse, Harold (August 16, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.marcuse.org/peter/peterCV.htm">"Peter Marcuse's CV"</a>. <i>Peter Marcuse Homepage</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 1,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Peter+Marcuse+Homepage&rft.atitle=Peter+Marcuse%27s+CV&rft.date=2016-08-16&rft.aulast=Marcuse&rft.aufirst=Harold&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.marcuse.org%2Fpeter%2FpeterCV.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Marcuse" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160325103115/http://www.arch.columbia.edu/about/people/pm35columbiaedu">"Herbert Marcuse"</a>. <i>Columbia Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation</i>. Archived from the original on 25 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Columbia+Graduate+School+of+Architecture%2C+Planning+and+Preservation&rft.atitle=Herbert+Marcuse&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arch.columbia.edu%2Fabout%2Fpeople%2Fpm35columbiaedu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Marcuse" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160816061248/http://www.marcuse.org/peter/FreedomSummer1964/PMarcuse1964FreedomSummerSeriesAll12pages.pdf">"Freedom Summer article series"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.marcuse.org/peter/FreedomSummer1964/PMarcuse1964FreedomSummerSeriesAll12pages.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2016-08-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-08-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Freedom+Summer+article+series&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.marcuse.org%2Fpeter%2FFreedomSummer1964%2FPMarcuse1964FreedomSummerSeriesAll12pages.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Marcuse" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121230122438/http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-12-07/occupy-movement-targets-home-evictions-in-u-s-day-of-action.html">"Occupy Movement Targets Home Evictions in U.S. Day of Action - Businessweek"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-12-07/occupy-movement-targets-home-evictions-in-u-s-day-of-action.html">the original</a> on 2012-12-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Occupy+Movement+Targets+Home+Evictions+in+U.S.+Day+of+Action+-+Businessweek&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessweek.com%2Fnews%2F2011-12-07%2Foccupy-movement-targets-home-evictions-in-u-s-day-of-action.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Marcuse" class="Z3988"></span> Retrieved January 29, 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGitlin2011" class="citation news cs1">Gitlin, Todd (16 November 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salon.com/2011/11/16/liberty_park_can_be_anywhere/">"Liberty Park can be anywhere"</a>. <i>Salon.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Salon.com&rft.atitle=Liberty+Park+can+be+anywhere&rft.date=2011-11-16&rft.aulast=Gitlin&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.salon.com%2F2011%2F11%2F16%2Fliberty_park_can_be_anywhere%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Marcuse" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElkind2014" class="citation book cs1">Elkind, Ethan N. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/j.ctt5hjhqt"><i>Railtown: The Fight for the Los Angeles Metro Rail and the Future of the City</i></a>. University of California Press. p. 17. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-27827-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-27827-1"><bdi>978-0-520-27827-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/j.ctt5hjhqt">10.1525/j.ctt5hjhqt</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Railtown%3A+The+Fight+for+the+Los+Angeles+Metro+Rail+and+the+Future+of+the+City&rft.pages=17&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.1525%2Fj.ctt5hjhqt%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.isbn=978-0-520-27827-1&rft.aulast=Elkind&rft.aufirst=Ethan+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.1525%2Fj.ctt5hjhqt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Marcuse" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJabareen2015" class="citation book cs1">Jabareen, Yosef (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0_apCAAAQBAJ"><i>The Risk City: Cities Countering Climate Change: Emerging Planning Theories and Practices around the World</i></a>. Springer. p. 91. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-94-017-9768-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-94-017-9768-9"><bdi>978-94-017-9768-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Risk+City%3A+Cities+Countering+Climate+Change%3A+Emerging+Planning+Theories+and+Practices+around+the+World&rft.pages=91&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-94-017-9768-9&rft.aulast=Jabareen&rft.aufirst=Yosef&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0_apCAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Marcuse" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDawson2017" class="citation book cs1">Dawson, Ashley (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Tm3nDwAAQBAJ"><i>Extreme Cities: The Peril and Promise of Urban Life in the Age of Climate Change</i></a>. Verso Books. pp. 41–42. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78478-038-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78478-038-8"><bdi>978-1-78478-038-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Extreme+Cities%3A+The+Peril+and+Promise+of+Urban+Life+in+the+Age+of+Climate+Change&rft.pages=41-42&rft.pub=Verso+Books&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-78478-038-8&rft.aulast=Dawson&rft.aufirst=Ashley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTm3nDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Marcuse" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarcuse2008" class="citation web cs1">Marcuse, Peter (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hunter.cuny.edu/ccpd/repository/files/planyc-is-not-a-plan-and-it-is-not-for-nyc.pdf">"PlaNYC is not a "Plan" and it is not for "NYC"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PlaNYC+is+not+a+%22Plan%22+and+it+is+not+for+%22NYC%22&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Marcuse&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hunter.cuny.edu%2Fccpd%2Frepository%2Ffiles%2Fplanyc-is-not-a-plan-and-it-is-not-for-nyc.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Marcuse" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFD’Aprile2021" class="citation news cs1">D’Aprile, Marianela (2021-02-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenation.com/article/culture/brave-new-home-review/">"Perverse and Unfair: The Radical Steps to Fix the Housing Crisis"</a>. <i>The Nation</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0027-8378">0027-8378</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Nation&rft.atitle=Perverse+and+Unfair%3A+The+Radical+Steps+to+Fix+the+Housing+Crisis&rft.date=2021-02-01&rft.issn=0027-8378&rft.aulast=D%E2%80%99Aprile&rft.aufirst=Marianela&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenation.com%2Farticle%2Fculture%2Fbrave-new-home-review%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Marcuse" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.arch.columbia.edu/in-memoriam-peter-marcuse">"In Memoriam Peter Marcuse"</a>. <i>Columbia GSAPP</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Columbia+GSAPP&rft.atitle=In+Memoriam+Peter+Marcuse&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arch.columbia.edu%2Fin-memoriam-peter-marcuse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Marcuse" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Marcuse&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.marcuse.org/peter/peter.htm">Peter Marcuse's personal page</a> at marcuse.org.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pmarcuse.wordpress.com/">Critical planning and other thoughts</a> Peter Marcuse's blog.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJvXkh8mXy8Fh3DbyCT4MP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/11894312X">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n86839499">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13192847z">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13192847z">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35865879">Australia</a></span></li><li><span 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rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500270022">ULAN</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd11894312X.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/11894312X">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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