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id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">The Three Collas</span></h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected mw-list-item"><a class="minerva__tab-text" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.main">Article</a></li> <li class="minerva__tab mw-list-item"><a class="minerva__tab-text" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Talk:The_Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a></li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" 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class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p><b>The Three Collas</b> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Irish_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Irish language">Modern Irish</a>: <i>Trí Cholla</i>) were, according to medieval Irish legend and historical tradition, the fourth-century sons of Eochaid Doimlén, son of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cairbre_Lifechair?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cairbre Lifechair">Cairbre Lifechair</a>. Their names were: <b>Cairell Colla Uais</b>; <b>Muiredach Colla Fo Chrí</b> (also spelt <b>Colla da Chrioch</b>, or <b>Fochrich</b>); and <b>Áed Colla Menn</b>. Colla Uais ruled as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/High_King_of_Ireland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="High King of Ireland">High King of Ireland</a> for four years.<sup id="cite_ref-Unwoven729_1-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Unwoven729-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Recent DNA analysis confirms the history of the Three Collas in fourth-century Ireland, but questions their descent from Eochaid Doimlén and Cairbre Lifechair.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Legend"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Legend</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Historical_interpretation"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Historical interpretation</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Family_tree"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Family tree</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#DNA_analysis"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">DNA analysis</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#References"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Legend">Legend</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=The_Three_Collas&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Legend" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" 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#9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style> <table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-span"> This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:EditPage/The_Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:EditPage/The Three Collas">improve this article</a> by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/search?as_eq%3Dwikipedia%26q%3D%2522The%2BThree%2BCollas%2522">"The Three Collas"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/search?tbm%3Dnws%26q%3D%2522The%2BThree%2BCollas%2522%2B-wikipedia%26tbs%3Dar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/search?%26q%3D%2522The%2BThree%2BCollas%2522%26tbs%3Dbkt:s%26tbm%3Dbks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/search?tbs%3Dbks:1%26q%3D%2522The%2BThree%2BCollas%2522%2B-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q%3D%2522The%2BThree%2BCollas%2522">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query%3D%2522The%2BThree%2BCollas%2522%26acc%3Don%26wc%3Don">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>According to tradition, the Three Collas killed their uncle, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/F%C3%ADacha_Sroiptine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fíacha Sroiptine">Fíacha Sroiptine</a>, at the Battle of Dubhchomar, in Crioch Rois, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brega?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brega">Breagh</a>, with Colla Uais taking the kingship.<sup id="cite_ref-Unwoven729_1-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Unwoven729-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was prophesied that whoever killed them, his descendants would never rule Ireland. Colla Uais ruled in Fíacha's place for three years (323-326 AD), and as High-King of Ireland for four years, until Fiacha's son <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Muiredach_Tirech?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Muiredach Tirech">Muiredach Tirech</a> banished the Three Collas, exiling them and three hundred followers to Alba (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Scotland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>).</p> <p>The mother of Three Collas was said to be Ailech, the daughter of Udhaire, king of Alba. According to Keating's version Udhaire put them in command of three hundred warriors.<sup id="cite_ref-Unwoven729_1-2" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Unwoven729-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After that they returned to Ireland, hoping that Muiredach might kill them, and deprive his descendants of the throne. But Muiredach knew of the prophecy, and despite knowing they had killed his father, took them into his service.</p> <p>After several years, Muiredach decided the Collas should have territory of their own, and sent them to conquer <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ulster?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ulster">Ulster</a>. With an army drawn from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Connacht?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Connacht">Connacht</a>, they fought seven battles in a week against the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ulaid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ulaid">Ulaid</a> at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Achaidh_Leithdeircc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Achaidh Leithdeircc">Achaidh Leithdeircc</a>, killing <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fergus_Foga?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Fergus Foga">Fergus Foga</a>, king of Ulster, in the seventh. Colla Menn also died in this battle. They burned <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Emain_Macha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Emain Macha">Emain Macha</a>, the Ulster capital, after which it was abandoned, and seized substantial territories in mid-Ulster, thought to be the origin of the kingdom of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Airg%C3%ADalla?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Airgíalla">Airgíalla</a>.</p> <p>The chronology of Keating's <i>Foras Feasa ar Éirinn</i> dates Colla Uais' High Kingship to 306–310. The <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Annals_of_the_Four_Masters?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Annals of the Four Masters">Annals of the Four Masters</a></i> dates his High Kingship to 322–326, and his destruction of Emain Macha and conquest of Ulster to 331.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the chronology of early Irish historical tradition is regarded by historians as artificial. One story makes Fiachra Cassán of the Airgíalla, son of Colla Fo Chrí, the foster-father of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cormac_mac_Airt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cormac mac Airt">Cormac mac Airt</a>, who according to the usual chronology was his own great great grandfather, and an alternative tradition dated the fall of Emain Macha to 450.</p> <p>The sixth century female saint, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Derchairthinn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Derchairthinn">Derchairthinn</a>, associated with <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oughter_Ard?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Oughter Ard">Oughter Ard</a> near <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Straffan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Straffan">Straffan</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/County_Kildare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="County Kildare">County Kildare</a>,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> was said to be "of the race of Colla Uais, Monarch of Érinn".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Historical_interpretation">Historical interpretation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=The_Three_Collas&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Historical interpretation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>According to a theory advanced by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T._F._O%27Rahilly?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="T. F. O'Rahilly">T. F. O'Rahilly</a>, the traditional story of the Three Collas is not historical, although it has a basis in history. O'Rahilly argues that the breaking of the power of the Ulaid, the destruction of Emain Macha and the establishment of the kingdoms of the Airgialla were actually accomplished by the three sons of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Niall_No%C3%ADgiallach?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Niall Noígiallach">Niall Noígiallach</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Conall_Gulban?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Conall Gulban">Conall</a>, Endae and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/E%C3%B3gan_mac_N%C3%A9ill?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eógan mac Néill">Eógan</a>, who established the kingdoms of Tir Eógan and Tir Conaill in north-western Ulster in the mid-5th century. He believes the Three Collas are literary doublets of the three sons of Niall, their story a genealogical fiction intended to give the tributary kingdoms of the Airgialla a noble pedigree.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>This theory is followed by more recent historians, including <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francis_J._Byrne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis J. Byrne">Francis J. Byrne</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/D%C3%A1ibh%C3%AD_%C3%93_Cr%C3%B3in%C3%ADn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dáibhí Ó Cróinín">Dáibhí Ó Cróinín</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Donald Schlegel claims the brothers' tripartite names to be the only examples in ancient Ireland of brothers using the Roman style naming convention of personal name followed by family name followed by an epithet. This may reflect their alleged "return" from exile in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alba">Alba</a>, which at the traditional time of their story—the 4th-century—was part of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roman_Empire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a>. Schlegel suggests that being put in command of 300 soldiers may have meant that were centurions in the Roman army.<sup id="cite_ref-Unwoven729_1-3" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Unwoven729-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Schlegel also argues that the Three Collas, along with their name "Colla", may have descended from the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trinovantes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Trinovantes">Trinovantes</a> of Britain. He claims that Trinovantes mistranslated by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ollam?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ollam">Ollams</a> into Irish could have produced the name <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Airg%C3%ADalla?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Airgíalla">Airgíalla</a>, the name given to the territory the Three Collas conquered in Ulster. In regards to Colla, it may derive from the names Coill or Coel, both of which <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geoffrey_Keating?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geoffrey Keating">Geoffrey Keating</a> mentioned in the area the Trinovantes lived, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Camulodunum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Camulodunum">Camulodunum</a> (modern-day <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Colchester?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Colchester">Colchester</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Unwoven729_1-4" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Unwoven729-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Family_tree">Family tree</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=The_Three_Collas&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Family tree" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate;"> <tbody> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cairbre_Lifechair?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cairbre Lifechair">Cairbre Lifechair</a></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Aine</td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Udaire</td> </tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td> <td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td> <td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td> <td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td> <td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td> <td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td> <td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"> <td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td> <td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td> <td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/F%C3%ADacha_Sroiptine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fíacha Sroiptine">Fíacha Sroiptine</a></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Eochaid Doimlén</td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Ailech</td> </tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"> <td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td> <td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td> <td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td> <td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td> <td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td> <td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"> <td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td> <td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td> <td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td> <td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td> <td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Muiredach_Tirech?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Muiredach Tirech">Muiredach Tirech</a></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><b>Colla Uais</b></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><b>Colla Fó Chrí</b></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><b>Colla Menn</b></td> </tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eochaid_Mugmed%C3%B3n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Eochaid Mugmedón">Eochaid Mugmedón</a></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Fiachra Cassán</td> </tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Airg%C3%ADalla?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Airgíalla">Airgíalla</a></i></td> <td style="border-right:1px dashed;border-bottom:1px dashed;height:1em;width:1em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"> <td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td> <td style="border-right:1px dashed;height:1em;width:1em"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td> <td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td> <td style="border-right:1px dashed;border-bottom:1px dashed;height:1em;width:1em"></td> <td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td> <td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:1em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dashed;height:2em;width:1em"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"> <td style="border-right:1px dashed;height:1em;width:1em"></td> <td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td> <td style="border-right:1px dashed;height:1em;width:1em"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U%C3%AD_N%C3%A9ill?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Uí Néill">Uí Néill</a></i></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Connachta?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Connachta">Connachta</a></i></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/*?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="*">*</a></i></td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U%C3%AD_Maine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Uí Maine">Uí Maine</a></i></td> </tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Note: This family tree does not reflect the fact the DNA data of Colla descendants does not match that of Eochaid Mugmedón descendants, namely those of Niall of the Nine Hostages who bear the widely-distributed M222 mutation.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="DNA_analysis">DNA analysis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=The_Three_Collas&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: DNA analysis" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <p>In 2007, Josiah McGuire discovered that male DNA testers with surnames historically associated with the Three Collas in ancient pedigrees had the same Y-chromosome DNA. This Y-DNA is passed down from father to son like surnames.<sup id="cite_ref-collawebsite_10-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-collawebsite-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Included among the surnames were McDonald and McMahon. Six McDonald testers have traced their ancestry back to an ancient McDonald pedigree that goes back to Colla Uais. Two McMahon testers have traced their ancestry McMahon pedigree that goes back to Colla Crioch. In 2009, a public project was started at Family Tree DNA for testers who have Colla DNA.<sup id="cite_ref-collaproject_11-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-collaproject-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The testers with Colla DNA belong to a haplogroup named R-Z3008, a mutation that occurred very roughly around 450 AD. This differs from the R-M222 haplogroup of testers with surnames descended from the Uí Néill and the Connachta.<sup id="cite_ref-niallproject_12-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-niallproject-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The historical interpretation by Donald Schlegel is consistent with recent Y-DNA analysis.</p> <p>In 2020, a study of 466 testers with Z3008 Y-DNA found that 232 have 20 surnames found in ancient Irish genealogies descended from the Three Collas. The 232 testers are composed of 53 McDonald, 43 McMahon, 23 McKenna, 17 MacCan, 17 Duffy, 12 McGuire, 8 Hughes, 8 McQuillan, 8 Monaghan, 7 Boylan, 5 Hart, 5 Kelly, 4 Higgins, 4 McArdle, 4 MacDougall, 3 Carroll, 3 Cooley, 3 Larkin, 3 Neal, 2 Devine.<sup id="cite_ref-mgsarticle_13-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-mgsarticle-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=The_Three_Collas&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Unwoven729-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Unwoven729_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Unwoven729_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Unwoven729_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Unwoven729_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Unwoven729_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Schlegel, Donald M. (2002); <i>Reweaving the Tapestry of Ancient Ulster</i>, pp. 729-731. Clogher Record.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">R. A. Stewart Macalister (ed. & trans.), <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lebor_Gab%C3%A1la_%C3%89renn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lebor Gabála Érenn">Lebor Gabála Érenn</a></i>: The Book of the Taking of Ireland Part V, Irish Texts Society, 1956, p. 343</span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geoffrey_Keating?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geoffrey Keating">Geoffrey Keating</a>, <i>Foras Feasa ar Éirinn</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100054/text057.html">1.47</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Annals_of_the_Four_Masters?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Annals of the Four Masters">Annals of the Four Masters</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100005A/text030.html">M322-331</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/themartyrologyof00adamuoft"><i>The martyrology of Donegal; a calendar of the saints of Ireland</i></a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C3%ADche%C3%A1l_%C3%93_Cl%C3%A9irigh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mícheál Ó Cléirigh">Mícheál Ó Cléirigh</a>, 1575-1643; 1861 edition editors <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/John_O%27Donovan_(scholar)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="John O'Donovan (scholar)">John O'Donovan</a> 1809-1861; <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/James_Henthorn_Todd?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="James Henthorn Todd">James Henthorn Todd</a> 1805-1869; <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/William_Reeves_(bishop)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="William Reeves (bishop)">William Reeves</a> 1815-1892;1864, p71</span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G200001/">The Martyrology of Óengus mac Óengobann the Culdee</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">T. F. O'Rahilly, <i>Early Irish History and Mythology</i>, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1946, pp. 224-232</span></li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Francis J. Byrne, <i>Irish Kings and High Kings</i>, Four Courts Press, 2001, pp. 66-73</span></li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dáibhí Ó Cróinín, "Ireland, 400-800", in Dáibhí Ó Cróinín (ed.), <i>A New History of Ireland I: Prehistoric and Early Ireland</i>, Oxford University Press, 2006, pp. 202-203</span></li> <li id="cite_note-collawebsite-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-collawebsite_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.peterspioneers.com/colla.htm%23abridged">Abridged Clan Colla Big Y SNP Tree</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-collaproject-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-collaproject_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/clancolla-42-5null/about">Clan Colla R-Z3000 project at Family Tree DNA</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-niallproject-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-niallproject_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/r-1b-1c-7/about">R-M222 project at Family Tree DNA</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-mgsarticle-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Three_Collas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-mgsarticle_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Relating Y-DNA to Ancient Genealogies," <i>Newsletter of the Middlesex Genealogical Society</i>, December 2020, p. 5 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://mgsdarienct.org/mgsxxxvifour.pdf">[1]</a></span></li> </ol> </div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by <div style="font-weight: bold"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/F%C3%ADacha_Sroiptine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fíacha Sroiptine">Fíacha Sroiptine</a> </div></td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_High_Kings_of_Ireland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of High Kings of Ireland">High King of Ireland</a> </b><br><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geoffrey_Keating?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geoffrey Keating">FFE</a> 306–310<br><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Annals_of_the_Four_Masters?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Annals of the Four Masters">AFM</a> 322–326</td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by <div style="font-weight: bold"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Muiredach_Tirech?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Muiredach Tirech">Muiredach Tirech</a> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=mobile&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" 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