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System</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Immune System"> <meta name="keywords" content="Immune System"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Immune System"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 8443</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Immune System</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8443</span> Hybrid Model Based on Artificial Immune System and Cellular Automata</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ramin%20Javadzadeh">Ramin Javadzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zahra%20Afsahi"> Zahra Afsahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MohammadReza%20Meybodi"> MohammadReza Meybodi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The hybridization of artificial immune system with cellular automata (CA-AIS) is a novel method. In this hybrid model, the cellular automaton within each cell deploys the artificial immune system algorithm under optimization context in order to increase its fitness by using its neighbor-s efforts. The hybrid model CA-AIS is introduced to fix the standard artificial immune system-s weaknesses. The credibility of the proposed approach is evaluated by simulations and it shows that the proposed approach achieves better results compared to standard artificial immune system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Artificial%20Immune%20System" title="Artificial Immune System">Artificial Immune System</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cellular%20Automat" title=" Cellular Automat"> Cellular Automat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=neighborhood" title="neighborhood">neighborhood</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14386/hybrid-model-based-on-artificial-immune-system-and-cellular-automata" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14386/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14386/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14386/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14386/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14386/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14386/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14386/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14386/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14386/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14386/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14386.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1603</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8442</span> The Design of Self-evolving Artificial Immune System II for Permutation Flow-shop Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Meng-Hui%20Chen">Meng-Hui Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pei-Chann%20Chang"> Pei-Chann Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wei-Hsiu%20Huang"> Wei-Hsiu Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Artificial Immune System is adopted as a Heuristic Algorithm to solve the combinatorial problems for decades. Nevertheless, many of these applications took advantage of the benefit for applications but seldom proposed approaches for enhancing the efficiency. In this paper, we continue the previous research to develop a Self-evolving Artificial Immune System II via coordinating the T and B cell in Immune System and built a block-based artificial chromosome for speeding up the computation time and better performance for different complexities of problems. Through the design of Plasma cell and clonal selection which are relative the function of the Immune Response. The Immune Response will help the AIS have the global and local searching ability and preventing trapped in local optima. From the experimental result, the significant performance validates the SEAIS II is effective when solving the permutation flows-hop problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Artificial%20Immune%20System" title="Artificial Immune System">Artificial Immune System</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Clonal%20Selection" title=" Clonal Selection"> Clonal Selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Immune%0AResponse" title=" Immune Response"> Immune Response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Permutation%20Flow-shop%20Scheduling%20Problems" title=" Permutation Flow-shop Scheduling Problems"> Permutation Flow-shop Scheduling Problems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6457/the-design-of-self-evolving-artificial-immune-system-ii-for-permutation-flow-shop-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6457/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6457/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6457/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6457/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6457/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6457/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6457/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6457/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6457/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6457/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6457.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1607</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8441</span> Improved Artificial Immune System Algorithm with Local Search</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ramin%20Javadzadeh.">Ramin Javadzadeh.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zahra%20Afsahi"> Zahra Afsahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MohammadReza%20Meybodi"> MohammadReza Meybodi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Artificial immune systems algorithms are Meta heuristic optimization method, which are used for clustering and pattern recognition applications are abundantly. These algorithms in multimodal optimization problems are more efficient than genetic algorithms. A major drawback in these algorithms is their slow convergence to global optimum and their weak stability can be considered in various running of these algorithms. In this paper, improved Artificial Immune System Algorithm is introduced for the first time to overcome its problems of artificial immune system. That use of the small size of a local search around the memory antibodies is used for improving the algorithm efficiently. The credibility of the proposed approach is evaluated by simulations, and it is shown that the proposed approach achieves better results can be achieved compared to the standard artificial immune system algorithms <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Artificial%20immune%20system" title="Artificial immune system">Artificial immune system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cellular%20Automata" title=" Cellular Automata"> Cellular Automata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cellular%20learning%20automata" title="Cellular learning automata">Cellular learning automata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cellular%20learning%20automata" title=" Cellular learning automata"> Cellular learning automata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=" title=""></a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Local%20search" title=" Local search"> Local search</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Optimization." title="Optimization.">Optimization.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6604/improved-artificial-immune-system-algorithm-with-local-search" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6604/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6604/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6604/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6604/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6604/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6604/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6604/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6604/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6604/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6604/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6604.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1892</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8440</span> An Artificial Immune System for a Multi Agent Robotics System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chingtham%20Tejbanta%20Singh">Chingtham Tejbanta Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shivashankar%20B.%20Nair"> Shivashankar B. Nair</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper explores an application of an adaptive learning mechanism for robots based on the natural immune system. Most of the research carried out so far are based either on the innate or adaptive characteristics of the immune system, we present a combination of these to achieve behavior arbitration wherein a robot learns to detect vulnerable areas of a track and adapts to the required speed over such portions. The test bed comprises of two Lego robots deployed simultaneously on two predefined near concentric tracks with the outer robot capable of helping the inner one when it misaligns. The helper robot works in a damage-control mode by realigning itself to guide the other robot back onto its track. The panic-stricken robot records the conditions under which it was misaligned and learns to detect and adapt under similar conditions thereby making the overall system immune to such failures.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Adaptive" title="Adaptive">Adaptive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=AIS" title=" AIS"> AIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Behavior%20Arbitration" title=" Behavior Arbitration"> Behavior Arbitration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ClonalSelection" title=" ClonalSelection"> ClonalSelection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Immune%20System" title=" Immune System"> Immune System</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Innate" title=" Innate"> Innate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Robot" title=" Robot"> Robot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Self%20Healing." title=" Self Healing."> Self Healing.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/an-artificial-immune-system-for-a-multi-agent-robotics-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1349</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8439</span> Apoptosis Inspired Intrusion Detection System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20Sridevi">R. Sridevi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20Jagajothi"> G. Jagajothi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Artificial Immune Systems (AIS), inspired by the human immune system, are algorithms and mechanisms which are self-adaptive and self-learning classifiers capable of recognizing and classifying by learning, long-term memory and association. Unlike other human system inspired techniques like genetic algorithms and neural networks, AIS includes a range of algorithms modeling on different immune mechanism of the body. In this paper, a mechanism of a human immune system based on apoptosis is adopted to build an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to protect computer networks. Features are selected from network traffic using Fisher Score. Based on the selected features, the record/connection is classified as either an attack or normal traffic by the proposed methodology. Simulation results demonstrates that the proposed AIS based on apoptosis performs better than existing AIS for intrusion detection.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Apoptosis" title="Apoptosis">Apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Artificial%20Immune%20System%20%28AIS%29" title=" Artificial Immune System (AIS)"> Artificial Immune System (AIS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fisher%0D%0AScore" title=" Fisher Score"> Fisher Score</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=KDD%20dataset" title=" KDD dataset"> KDD dataset</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Network%20intrusion%20detection." title=" Network intrusion detection."> Network intrusion detection.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000033/apoptosis-inspired-intrusion-detection-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000033/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000033/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000033/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000033/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000033/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000033/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000033/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000033/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000033/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000033/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000033.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8438</span> Optimizing Spatial Trend Detection By Artificial Immune Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Derakhshanfar">M. Derakhshanfar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20Minaei-Bidgoli"> B. Minaei-Bidgoli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Spatial trends are one of the valuable patterns in geo databases. They play an important role in data analysis and knowledge discovery from spatial data. A spatial trend is a regular change of one or more non spatial attributes when spatially moving away from a start object. Spatial trend detection is a graph search problem therefore heuristic methods can be good solution. Artificial immune system (AIS) is a special method for searching and optimizing. AIS is a novel evolutionary paradigm inspired by the biological immune system. The models based on immune system principles, such as the clonal selection theory, the immune network model or the negative selection algorithm, have been finding increasing applications in fields of science and engineering. In this paper, we develop a novel immunological algorithm based on clonal selection algorithm (CSA) for spatial trend detection. We are created neighborhood graph and neighborhood path, then select spatial trends that their affinity is high for antibody. In an evolutionary process with artificial immune algorithm, affinity of low trends is increased with mutation until stop condition is satisfied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Spatial%20Data%20Mining" title="Spatial Data Mining">Spatial Data Mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Spatial%20Trend%20Detection" title=" Spatial Trend Detection"> Spatial Trend Detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Heuristic%20Methods" title=" Heuristic Methods"> Heuristic Methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Artificial%20Immune%20System" title=" Artificial Immune System"> Artificial Immune System</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Clonal%20Selection%0AAlgorithm%20%28CSA%29" title=" Clonal Selection Algorithm (CSA)"> Clonal Selection Algorithm (CSA)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/561/optimizing-spatial-trend-detection-by-artificial-immune-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/561/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/561/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/561/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/561/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/561/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/561/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/561/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/561/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/561/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/561/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/561.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2046</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8437</span> Danger Theory and Intelligent Data Processing </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Anjum%20Iqbal">Anjum Iqbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohd%20Aizaini%20Maarof"> Mohd Aizaini Maarof</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Artificial Immune System (AIS) is relatively naive paradigm for intelligent computations. The inspiration for AIS is derived from natural Immune System (IS). Classically it is believed that IS strives to discriminate between self and non-self. Most of the existing AIS research is based on this approach. Danger Theory (DT) argues this approach and proposes that IS fights against danger producing elements and tolerates others. We, the computational researchers, are not concerned with the arguments among immunologists but try to extract from it novel abstractions for intelligent computation. This paper aims to follow DT inspiration for intelligent data processing. The approach may introduce new avenue in intelligent processing. The data used is system calls data that is potentially significant in intrusion detection applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=artificial%20immune%20system" title="artificial immune system">artificial immune system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=danger%20theory" title=" danger theory"> danger theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=intelligent%0Aprocessing" title=" intelligent processing"> intelligent processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=system%20calls" title=" system calls"> system calls</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14421/danger-theory-and-intelligent-data-processing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14421/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14421/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14421/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14421/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14421/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14421/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14421/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14421/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14421/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14421/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14421.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1883</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8436</span> Self-evolving Artificial Immune System via Developing T and B Cell for Permutation Flow-shop Scheduling Problems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pei-Chann%20Chang">Pei-Chann Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wei-Hsiu%20Huang"> Wei-Hsiu Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ching-Jung%20Ting"> Ching-Jung Ting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hwei-Wen%20Luo"> Hwei-Wen Luo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yu-Peng%20Yu"> Yu-Peng Yu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Artificial Immune System is applied as a Heuristic Algorithm for decades. Nevertheless, many of these applications took advantage of the benefit of this algorithm but seldom proposed approaches for enhancing the efficiency. In this paper, a Self-evolving Artificial Immune System is proposed via developing the T and B cell in Immune System and built a self-evolving mechanism for the complexities of different problems. In this research, it focuses on enhancing the efficiency of Clonal selection which is responsible for producing Affinities to resist the invading of Antigens. T and B cell are the main mechanisms for Clonal Selection to produce different combinations of Antibodies. Therefore, the development of T and B cell will influence the efficiency of Clonal Selection for searching better solution. Furthermore, for better cooperation of the two cells, a co-evolutional strategy is applied to coordinate for more effective productions of Antibodies. This work finally adopts Flow-shop scheduling instances in OR-library to validate the proposed algorithm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Artificial%20Immune%20System" title="Artificial Immune System">Artificial Immune System</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Clonal%20Selection" title=" Clonal Selection"> Clonal Selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Flow-shop%20Scheduling%20Problems" title="Flow-shop Scheduling Problems">Flow-shop Scheduling Problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Co-evolutional%20strategy" title=" Co-evolutional strategy"> Co-evolutional strategy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13384/self-evolving-artificial-immune-system-via-developing-t-and-b-cell-for-permutation-flow-shop-scheduling-problems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13384/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13384/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13384/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13384/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13384/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13384/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13384/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13384/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13384/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13384/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13384.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1748</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8435</span> Hybrid Artificial Immune System for Job Shop Scheduling Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bin%20Cai">Bin Cai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shilong%20Wang"> Shilong Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Haibo%20Hu"> Haibo Hu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The job shop scheduling problem (JSSP) is a notoriously difficult problem in combinatorial optimization. This paper presents a hybrid artificial immune system for the JSSP with the objective of minimizing makespan. The proposed approach combines the artificial immune system, which has a powerful global exploration capability, with the local search method, which can exploit the optimal antibody. The antibody coding scheme is based on the operation based representation. The decoding procedure limits the search space to the set of full active schedules. In each generation, a local search heuristic based on the neighborhood structure proposed by Nowicki and Smutnicki is applied to improve the solutions. The approach is tested on 43 benchmark problems taken from the literature and compared with other approaches. The computation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Artificial%20immune%20system" title="Artificial immune system">Artificial immune system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Job%20shop%20scheduling%20problem" title=" Job shop scheduling problem"> Job shop scheduling problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Local%20search" title=" Local search"> Local search</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Metaheuristic%20algorithm" title=" Metaheuristic algorithm"> Metaheuristic algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13889/hybrid-artificial-immune-system-for-job-shop-scheduling-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13889/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13889/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13889/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13889/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13889/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13889/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13889/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13889/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13889/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13889/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13889.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1925</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8434</span> Role and Relative Effectiveness of Immune System for Combating Small Pox and AIDS</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Taqaddas">A. Taqaddas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The human body has a complex system of innate and adaptive mechanisms for combating infection. This article discusses the role and relative effectiveness of these mechanisms in relation to small pox and AIDS.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=AIDS" title="AIDS">AIDS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Immune%20System" title=" Immune System"> Immune System</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Small%20Pox" title=" Small Pox"> Small Pox</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Viral%20Infections." title=" Viral Infections."> Viral Infections.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999323/role-and-relative-effectiveness-of-immune-system-for-combating-small-pox-and-aids" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999323/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999323/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999323/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999323/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999323/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999323/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999323/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999323/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999323/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999323/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999323.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2061</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8433</span> Combine a Population-based Incremental Learning with Artificial Immune System for Intrusion Detection System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jheng-Long%20Wu">Jheng-Long Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pei-Chann%20Chang"> Pei-Chann Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hsuan-Ming%20Chen"> Hsuan-Ming Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This research focus on the intrusion detection system (IDS) development which using artificial immune system (AIS) with population based incremental learning (PBIL). AIS have powerful distinguished capability to extirpate antigen when the antigen intrude into human body. The PBIL is based on past learning experience to adjust new learning. Therefore we propose an intrusion detection system call PBIL-AIS which combine two approaches of PBIL and AIS to evolution computing. In AIS part we design three mechanisms such as clonal selection, negative selection and antibody level to intensify AIS performance. In experimental result, our PBIL-AIS IDS can capture high accuracy when an intrusion connection attacks.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Artificial%20immune%20system" title="Artificial immune system">Artificial immune system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=intrusion%20detection" title=" intrusion detection"> intrusion detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=population-based%20incremental%20learning" title=" population-based incremental learning"> population-based incremental learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=evolution%20computing." title=" evolution computing."> evolution computing.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9454/combine-a-population-based-incremental-learning-with-artificial-immune-system-for-intrusion-detection-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9454/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9454/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9454/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9454/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9454/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9454/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9454/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9454/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9454/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9454/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9454.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1929</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8432</span> Optimal Tuning of a Fuzzy Immune PID Parameters to Control a Delayed System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Gherbi">S. Gherbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Bouchareb"> F. Bouchareb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper deals with the novel intelligent bio-inspired control strategies, it presents a novel approach based on an optimal fuzzy immune PID parameters tuning, it is a combination of a PID controller, inspired by the human immune mechanism with fuzzy logic. Such controller offers more possibilities to deal with the delayed systems control difficulties due to the delay term. Indeed, we use an optimization approach to tune the four parameters of the controller in addition to the fuzzy function; the obtained controller is implemented in a modified Smith predictor structure, which is well known that it is the most efficient to the control of delayed systems. The application of the presented approach to control a three tank delay system shows good performances and proves the efficiency of the method.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Delayed%20systems" title="Delayed systems">Delayed systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fuzzy%20Immune%20PID" title=" Fuzzy Immune PID"> Fuzzy Immune PID</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Optimization" title=" Optimization"> Optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Smith%20predictor." title=" Smith predictor. "> Smith predictor. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998496/optimal-tuning-of-a-fuzzy-immune-pid-parameters-to-control-a-delayed-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998496/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998496/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998496/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998496/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998496/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998496/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998496/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998496/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998496/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998496/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998496.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2222</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8431</span> On-line Identification of Continuous-time Hammerstein Systems via RBF Networks and Immune Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tomohiro%20Hachino">Tomohiro Hachino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kengo%20Nagatomo"> Kengo Nagatomo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hitoshi%20Takata"> Hitoshi Takata</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper deals with an on-line identification method of continuous-time Hammerstein systems by using the radial basis function (RBF) networks and immune algorithm (IA). An unknown nonlinear static part to be estimated is approximately represented by the RBF network. The IA is efficiently combined with the recursive least-squares (RLS) method. The objective function for the identification is regarded as the antigen. The candidates of the RBF parameters such as the centers and widths are coded into binary bit strings as the antibodies and searched by the IA. On the other hand, the candidates of both the weighting parameters of the RBF network and the system parameters of the linear dynamic part are updated by the RLS method. Simulation results are shown to illustrate the proposed method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Continuous-time%20System" title="Continuous-time System">Continuous-time System</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hammerstein%20System" title=" Hammerstein System"> Hammerstein System</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=OnlineIdentification" title=" OnlineIdentification"> OnlineIdentification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Immune%20Algorithm" title=" Immune Algorithm"> Immune Algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=RBF%20network." title=" RBF network."> RBF network.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3831/on-line-identification-of-continuous-time-hammerstein-systems-via-rbf-networks-and-immune-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3831/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3831/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3831/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3831/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3831/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3831/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3831/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3831/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3831/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3831/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3831.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8430</span> Fabrication of Immune-Affinity Monolithic Array for Detection of α-Fetoprotein and Carcinoembryonic Antigen</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Li%20Li">Li Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Li-Ru%20Xia"> Li-Ru Xia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=He-Ye%20Wang"> He-Ye Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Xiao-Dong%20Bi"> Xiao-Dong Bi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we presented a highly sensitive immune-affinity monolithic array for detection of α-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Firstly, the epoxy functionalized monolith arrays were fabricated using UV initiated copolymerization method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image showed that the poly(BABEA-<em>co</em>-GMA) monolith exhibited a well-controlled skeletal and well-distributed porous structure. Then, AFP and CEA immune-affinity monolithic arrays were prepared by immobilization of AFP and CEA antibodies on epoxy functionalized monolith arrays. With a non-competitive immune response format, the presented AFP and CEA immune-affinity arrays were demonstrated as an inexpensive, flexible, homogeneous and stable array for detection of AFP and CEA. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chemiluminescent%20detection" title="Chemiluminescent detection">Chemiluminescent detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=immune-affinity" title=" immune-affinity"> immune-affinity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=monolithic%20copolymer%20array" title=" monolithic copolymer array"> monolithic copolymer array</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=UV-initiated%20copolymerization." title=" UV-initiated copolymerization."> UV-initiated copolymerization.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005481/fabrication-of-immune-affinity-monolithic-array-for-detection-of-a-fetoprotein-and-carcinoembryonic-antigen" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005481/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005481/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005481/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005481/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005481/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005481/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005481/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005481/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005481/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005481/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1720</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8429</span> Optimal Dynamic Economic Load Dispatch Using Artificial Immune System </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20A.%20Farhat">I. A. Farhat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The The dynamic economic dispatch (DED) problem is one of the complex constrained optimization problems that have nonlinear, con-convex and non-smooth objective functions. The purpose of the DED is to determine the optimal economic operation of the committed units while meeting the load demand. Associated to this constrained problem there exist highly nonlinear and non-convex practical constraints to be satisfied. Therefore, classical and derivative-based methods are likely not to converge to an optimal or near optimal solution to such a dynamic and large-scale problem. In this paper, an Artificial Immune System technique (AIS) is implemented and applied to solve the DED problem considering the transmission power losses and the valve-point effects in addition to the other operational constraints. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique, two case studies are considered. The results obtained using the AIS are compared to those obtained by other methods reported in the literature and found better.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Artificial%20Immune%20System%20%28AIS%29" title="Artificial Immune System (AIS)">Artificial Immune System (AIS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dynamic%20Economic%20Dispatch%20%28DED%29." title=" Dynamic Economic Dispatch (DED). "> Dynamic Economic Dispatch (DED). </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997264/optimal-dynamic-economic-load-dispatch-using-artificial-immune-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997264/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997264/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997264/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997264/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997264/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997264/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997264/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997264/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997264/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997264/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997264.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1884</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8428</span> Optimal Dynamic Economic Load Dispatch Using Artificial Immune System </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20A.%20Farhat">I. A. Farhat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The dynamic economic dispatch (DED) problem is one of the complex constrained optimization problems that have nonlinear, con-convex and non-smooth objective functions. The purpose of the DED is to determine the optimal economic operation of the committed units while meeting the load demand.  Associated to this constrained problem there exist highly nonlinear and non-convex practical constraints to be satisfied. Therefore, classical and derivative-based methods are likely not to converge to an optimal or near optimal solution to such a dynamic and large-scale problem. In this paper, an Artificial Immune System technique (AIS) is implemented and applied to solve the DED problem considering the transmission power losses and the valve-point effects in addition to the other operational constraints. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique, two case studies are considered. The results obtained using the AIS are compared to those obtained by other methods reported in the literature and found better.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Artificial%20Immune%20System%20%28AIS%29" title="Artificial Immune System (AIS)">Artificial Immune System (AIS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dynamic%20Economic%20Dispatch%20%28DED%29." title=" Dynamic Economic Dispatch (DED). "> Dynamic Economic Dispatch (DED). </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997201/optimal-dynamic-economic-load-dispatch-using-artificial-immune-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997201/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997201/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997201/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997201/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997201/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997201/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997201/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997201/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997201/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997201/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997201.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1991</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8427</span> ORPP with MAIEP Based Technique for Loadability Enhancement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Norziana%20Aminudin">Norziana Aminudin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Titik%20Khawa%20Abdul%20Rahman"> Titik Khawa Abdul Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ismail%20Musirin">Ismail Musirin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the factors to maintain system survivability is the adequate reactive power support to the system. Lack of reactive power support may cause undesirable voltage decay leading to total system instability. Thus, appropriate reactive power support scheme should be arranged in order to maintain system stability. The strength of a system capacity is normally denoted as system loadability. This paper presents the enhancement of system loadability through optimal reactive power planning technique using a newly developed optimization technique, termed as Multiagent Immune Evolutionary Programming (MAIEP). The concept of MAIEP is developed based on the combination of Multiagent System (MAS), Artificial Immune System (AIS) and Evolutionary Programming (EP). In realizing the effectiveness of the proposed technique, validation is conducted on the IEEE-26-Bus Reliability Test System. The results obtained from pre-optimization and post-optimization process were compared which eventually revealed the merit of MAIEP. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Load%20margin" title="Load margin">Load margin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MAIEP" title=" MAIEP"> MAIEP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Maximum%20loading%20point" title=" Maximum loading point"> Maximum loading point</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ORPP." title="ORPP.">ORPP.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15190/orpp-with-maiep-based-technique-for-loadability-enhancement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15190/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15190/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15190/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15190/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15190/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15190/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15190/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15190/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15190/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15190/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15190.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1496</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8426</span> Characterization of a Novel Galactose-Binding Lectin Homologue from Tenebrio molitor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=JiEun%20Jeong">JiEun Jeong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dong%20Hyun%20Kim"> Dong Hyun Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bharat%20Bhusan%20Patnaik"> Bharat Bhusan Patnaik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Se%20Won%20Kang"> Se Won Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=HeeJu%20Hwang"> HeeJu Hwang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yong%20Hun%20Jo"> Yong Hun Jo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dae-Hyun%20Seog"> Dae-Hyun Seog</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=YeonSooHan"> YeonSooHan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yong%20Seok%20Lee"> Yong Seok Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>An expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis provideus portions of expressed genes. We have constructed cDNA library and determined randomly sequences from cDNA library clones of <em>T. molitor </em>injected with acholeplasma lysate<em>. </em>We identified the homologous to a galectin gene. As the result of cloning and characterization of novel, we found that the protein has an open reading frame (ORF) of 495 bp, with 164 amino acid residues and molecular weight of 18.5 kDa. To characterize the role of novel Tm-galectin in immune system, we quantified the mRNA level of galectin at different times after treatment with immune elicitors. The galectin mRNA was up-regulated about 7-folds within 18 hrs. This suggests that Tm-galectin is a novel member of animal lectins, and has a role in the process of pathogen recognition. Our study would be helpful for the study on immune defense system and signaling cascade.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=EST" title="EST">EST</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Innate%20immunity" title=" Innate immunity"> Innate immunity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tenebrio%20molitor" title=" Tenebrio molitor"> Tenebrio molitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Galectin." title=" Galectin."> Galectin.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16736/characterization-of-a-novel-galactose-binding-lectin-homologue-from-tenebrio-molitor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16736/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16736/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16736/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16736/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16736/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16736/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16736/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16736/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16736/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16736/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16736.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2016</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8425</span> The in vitro Effects of Various Immunomodulatory Nutritional Compounds on Antigen-Stimulated Whole-Blood Culture Cytokine Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ayu%20S.%20Muhamad">Ayu S. Muhamad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Michael%20Gleeson"> Michael Gleeson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Immunomodulators are substances that alter immune system via dynamic regulation of messenger molecules. It can be divided into immunostimulant and immunosuppressant. It can help to increase immunity of people with a low immune system, and also can help to normalize an overactive immune system. Aim of this study is to investigate the effects of in vitro exposure to low and high doses of several immunomodulators which include caffeine, kaloba and quercetin on antigen-stimulated whole blood culture cytokine production. Whole blood samples were taken from 5 healthy males (age: 32 ± 12 years; weight: 75.7 ± 6.1 kg; BMI: 24.3 ± 1.5 kg/m2) following an overnight fast with no vigorous activity during the preceding 24 h. The whole blood was then stimulated with 50 μl of 100 x diluted Pediacel vaccine and low or high dose of immunomodulators in the culture plate. After 20 h incubation (5% CO2, 37°C), it was analysed using the Evidence Investigator to determine the production of cytokines including IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IFN-γ, and IL-1α. Caffeine and quercetin showed a tendency towards decrease cytokine production as the doses were increased. On the other hand, an upward trend was evident with kaloba, where a high dose of kaloba seemed to increase the cytokine production. In conclusion, we found that caffeine and quercetin have potential as immunosuppressant and kaloba as immunostimulant.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Caffeine" title="Caffeine">Caffeine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cytokine" title=" cytokine"> cytokine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=immunomodulators" title=" immunomodulators"> immunomodulators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=kaloba" title=" kaloba"> kaloba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=quercetin." title=" quercetin."> quercetin.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999747/the-in-vitro-effects-of-various-immunomodulatory-nutritional-compounds-on-antigen-stimulated-whole-blood-culture-cytokine-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999747/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999747/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999747/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999747/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999747/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999747/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999747/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999747/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999747/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999747/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999747.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8424</span> Blood Lymphocyte and Neutrophil Response of Cultured Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Administered Varying Dosages of an Oral Immunomodulator – ‘Fin-Immune™’</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Duane%20Barker">Duane Barker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=John%20Holliday"> John Holliday</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In a 10-week (May – August, 2008) Phase I trial, 840, 1+ rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, received a commercial oral immunomodulator, Fin Immune™, at four different dosages (0, 10, 20 and 30 mg g-1) to evaluate immune response and growth. The overall objective of was to determine an optimal dosage of this product for rainbow trout that provides enhanced immunity with maximal growth and health. Biweekly blood samples were taken from 10 randomly selected fish in each tank (30 samples per treatment) to evaluate the duration of enhanced immunity conferred by Fin-Immune™. The immunological assessment included serum white blood cell (lymphocyte, neutrophil) densities and blood hematocrit (packed cell volume %). Of these three variables, only lymphocyte density increased significantly among trout fed Fin- Immune™ at 20 and 30 mg g-1 which peaked at week 6. At week 7, all trout were switched to regular feed (lacking Fin-Immune™) and by week 10, lymphocyte levels decreased among all levels but were still greater than at week 0. There was growth impairment at the highest dose of Fin-Immune™ tested (30 mg g-1) which can be associated with a physiological compensatory mechanism due to a dose-specific threshold level. Thus, our main objective of this Phase I study was achieved, the 20 mg g-1 dose of Fin-Immune™ should be the most efficacious (of those we tested) to use for a Phase II disease challenge trial.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Blood%20Lymphocyte" title="Blood Lymphocyte">Blood Lymphocyte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Neutrophil%20Response%20of%20Cultured%20Rainbow%20Trout" title=" Neutrophil Response of Cultured Rainbow Trout"> Neutrophil Response of Cultured Rainbow Trout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Oncorhynchus%20mykiss" title=" Oncorhynchus mykiss"> Oncorhynchus mykiss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Oral%0D%0AImmunomodulator%20%E2%80%93%20%27Fin-ImmuneTM%27." title=" Oral Immunomodulator – 'Fin-ImmuneTM'."> Oral Immunomodulator – 'Fin-ImmuneTM'.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14606/blood-lymphocyte-and-neutrophil-response-of-cultured-rainbow-trout-oncorhynchus-mykiss-administered-varying-dosages-of-an-oral-immunomodulator-fin-immune" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14606/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14606/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14606/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14606/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14606/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14606/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14606/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14606/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14606/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14606/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14606.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1516</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8423</span> Use of Gaussian-Euclidean Hybrid Function Based Artificial Immune System for Breast Cancer Diagnosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cuneyt%20Yucelbas">Cuneyt Yucelbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Seral%20Ozsen"> Seral Ozsen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sule%20Yucelbas"> Sule Yucelbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gulay%20Tezel"> Gulay Tezel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Due to the fact that there exist only a small number of complex systems in artificial immune system (AIS) that work out nonlinear problems, nonlinear AIS approaches, among the well-known solution techniques, need to be developed. Gaussian function is usually used as similarity estimation in classification problems and pattern recognition. In this study, diagnosis of breast cancer, the second type of the most widespread cancer in women, was performed with different distance calculation functions that euclidean, gaussian and gaussian-euclidean hybrid function in the clonal selection model of classical AIS on Wisconsin Breast Cancer Dataset (WBCD), which was taken from the University of California, Irvine Machine-Learning Repository. We used 3-fold cross validation method to train and test the dataset. According to the results, the maximum test classification accuracy was reported as 97.35% by using of gaussian-euclidean hybrid function for fold-3. Also, mean of test classification accuracies for all of functions were obtained as 94.78%, 94.45% and 95.31% with use of euclidean, gaussian and gaussian-euclidean, respectively. With these results, gaussian-euclidean hybrid function seems to be a potential distance calculation method, and it may be considered as an alternative distance calculation method for hard nonlinear classification problems.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Artificial%20Immune%20System" title="Artificial Immune System">Artificial Immune System</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Breast%20Cancer%20Diagnosis" title=" Breast Cancer Diagnosis"> Breast Cancer Diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Euclidean%20Function" title=" Euclidean Function"> Euclidean Function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gaussian%20Function." title=" Gaussian Function."> Gaussian Function.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998229/use-of-gaussian-euclidean-hybrid-function-based-artificial-immune-system-for-breast-cancer-diagnosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998229/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998229/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998229/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998229/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998229/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998229/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998229/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998229/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998229/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998229/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998229.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2121</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8422</span> Locating Critical Failure Surface in Rock Slope Stability with Hybrid Model Based on Artificial Immune System and Cellular Learning Automata (CLA-AIS)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ramin%20Javadzadeh">Ramin Javadzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Emad%20Javadzadeh"> Emad Javadzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Locating the critical slip surface with the minimum factor of safety for a rock slope is a difficult problem. In recent years, some modern global optimization methods have been developed with success in treating various types of problems, but very few of such methods have been applied to rock mechanical problems. In this paper, use of hybrid model based on artificial immune system and cellular learning automata is proposed. The results show that the algorithm is an effective and efficient optimization method with a high level of confidence rate.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CLA-AIS" title="CLA-AIS">CLA-AIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=failure%20surface" title=" failure surface"> failure surface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optimization%20methods" title=" optimization methods"> optimization methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=rock%20slope." title=" rock slope."> rock slope.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/locating-critical-failure-surface-in-rock-slope-stability-with-hybrid-model-based-on-artificial-immune-system-and-cellular-learning-automata-cla-ais" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2011</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8421</span> Immune Responce in Mice Immunized with Live Cold-Adapted Influenza Vaccine in Combination with Chitosan-Based Adjuvants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nelly%20%D0%9A.%20Akhmatova">Nelly К. Akhmatova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=%D0%9Elga%20V.%20Lebedinskaya"> Оlga V. Lebedinskaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ancha%20V.%20Baranova"> Ancha V. Baranova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=%D0%95lena%20%D0%90.%20Lebedinskaya"> Еlena А. Lebedinskaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ekaterina%20V.%20Sorokina"> Ekaterina V. Sorokina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Elvin%20%D0%90.%20Akhmatov"> Elvin А. Akhmatov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=%D0%90natoliy%20P.%20Godovalov"> Аnatoliy P. Godovalov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Stanislav%20G.%20Markushin"> Stanislav G. Markushin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An influence of intranasal combined injection of live cold-adapted influenza vaccine with chitosan derivatives as adjuvants on the subpopulation structure of mononuclear leukocytes of mouse spleen which reflects the orientation of the immune response was studied. It is found that the inclusion of chitosan preparations promotes activation of cellular-level of immune response. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Immunophenotype" title="Immunophenotype">Immunophenotype</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=chitosan" title=" chitosan"> chitosan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cold-adapted%20vaccine" title=" cold-adapted vaccine"> cold-adapted vaccine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=intranasal%20injection." title=" intranasal injection."> intranasal injection.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11205/immune-responce-in-mice-immunized-with-live-cold-adapted-influenza-vaccine-in-combination-with-chitosan-based-adjuvants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11205/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11205/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11205/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11205/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11205/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11205/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11205/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11205/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11205/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11205/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11205.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1888</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8420</span> Nutrition Bio-Shield Superfood: Healthy and Live Herbal Supplement for Immune System Enhancement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Azam%20Bayat">Azam Bayat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aref%20Khalkhali"> Aref Khalkhali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ali%20Reza%20Mahjoub"> Ali Reza Mahjoub</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Healthy and viable herbal supplement were prepared from wheat by a green route. This organic biomaterial was named Nutrition Bio-shield Superfood (NBS). The NBS supplement had various vitamins, macro and micro molecules, and ingredients. In this study, 20 small Balb/C labile specimens were used in a weighing 30 ± 5 range. The samples were randomly divided into different groups, then the groups were divided into 5 groups. According to the results of this study, the mean number of white blood cells and neutrophil percentage in the experimental group receiving healthy and live dietary supplement showed a significant increase at the 5% probability level in all three groups received 50, 100 and 150 mg/ kg body weight of the mouse compared to the control group. In general, the dietary supplement increases the level of immunity.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Healthy%20and%20live%20herbal%20supplement" title="Healthy and live herbal supplement">Healthy and live herbal supplement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=biomaterial" title=" biomaterial"> biomaterial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=immune%20system" title=" immune system"> immune system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=enhancement." title=" enhancement."> enhancement.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011728/nutrition-bio-shield-superfood-healthy-and-live-herbal-supplement-for-immune-system-enhancement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011728/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011728/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011728/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011728/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011728/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011728/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011728/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011728/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011728/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011728/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011728.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">941</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8419</span> Features of the Immune Response in Mice were Immunized with Polio Vaccine in Combination with Chitosan Preparations as Adjuvants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nelly%20%D0%9A.%20Akhmatova">Nelly К. Akhmatova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=%D0%9Elga%20V.%20Lebedinskaya"> Оlga V. Lebedinskaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Stanislav%20G.%20Markushin"> Stanislav G. Markushin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Elvin%20%D0%90.%20Akhmatov"> Elvin А. Akhmatov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lidiya%20A.%0D%0AGeiderova"> Lidiya A. Geiderova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=%D0%95lena%20%D0%90.%20Lebedinskaya"> Еlena А. Lebedinskaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vera%20M.%20Axenova"> Vera M. Axenova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=%D0%90natoliy%20P.%20Godovalov"> Аnatoliy P. Godovalov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study of cytokine expression in mice under the influence of inactivated poliovirus and Imovaks polio vaccine in combination with derivatives of chitosan shows various kinds of processes. There is a significant increase in IL-12 in the serum of immunized animals, which should stimulate the production of IFN-γ NK-cells and T-cells and polarize the immune response to Th1 type. Thus, the derivatives of chitosan can promote cell component of the immune response, providing a full antiviral immunity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Poliovirus" title="Poliovirus">Poliovirus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=chitosan" title=" chitosan"> chitosan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cytokine%20expression" title=" cytokine expression"> cytokine expression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=antiviral%20immunity." title=" antiviral immunity."> antiviral immunity.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15227/features-of-the-immune-response-in-mice-were-immunized-with-polio-vaccine-in-combination-with-chitosan-preparations-as-adjuvants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15227/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15227/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15227/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15227/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15227/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15227/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15227/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15227/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15227/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15227/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15227.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1978</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8418</span> Bio-inspired Audio Content-Based Retrieval Framework (B-ACRF)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Noor%20A.%20Draman">Noor A. Draman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Campbell%20Wilson"> Campbell Wilson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sea%20Ling"> Sea Ling</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Content-based music retrieval generally involves analyzing, searching and retrieving music based on low or high level features of a song which normally used to represent artists, songs or music genre. Identifying them would normally involve feature extraction and classification tasks. Theoretically the greater features analyzed, the better the classification accuracy can be achieved but with longer execution time. Technique to select significant features is important as it will reduce dimensions of feature used in classification and contributes to the accuracy. Artificial Immune System (AIS) approach will be investigated and applied in the classification task. Bio-inspired audio content-based retrieval framework (B-ACRF) is proposed at the end of this paper where it embraces issues that need further consideration in music retrieval performances.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bio-inspired%20audio%20content-based%20retrieval%0D%0Aframework" title="Bio-inspired audio content-based retrieval framework">Bio-inspired audio content-based retrieval framework</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=features%20selection%20technique" title=" features selection technique"> features selection technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=low%2Fhigh%20level%20features" title=" low/high level features"> low/high level features</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=artificial%20immune%20system" title=" artificial immune system"> artificial immune system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4008/bio-inspired-audio-content-based-retrieval-framework-b-acrf" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4008/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4008/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4008/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4008/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4008/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4008/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4008/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4008/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4008/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4008/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4008.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1593</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8417</span> An Agent-Based Approach to Immune Modelling: Priming Individual Response</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dimitri%20Perrin">Dimitri Perrin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Heather%20J.%20Ruskin"> Heather J. Ruskin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Martin%20Crane"> Martin Crane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study focuses on examining why the range of experience with respect to HIV infection is so diverse, especially in regard to the latency period. An agent-based approach in modelling the infection is used to extract high-level behaviour which cannot be obtained analytically from the set of interaction rules at the cellular level. A prototype model encompasses local variation in baseline properties, contributing to the individual disease experience, and is included in a network which mimics the chain of lymph nodes. The model also accounts for stochastic events such as viral mutations. The size and complexity of the model require major computational effort and parallelisation methods are used. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=HIV" title="HIV">HIV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Immune%20modelling" title=" Immune modelling"> Immune modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Agent-based%20system" title=" Agent-based system"> Agent-based system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=individual%20response." title=" individual response."> individual response.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3417/an-agent-based-approach-to-immune-modelling-priming-individual-response" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3417/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3417/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3417/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3417/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3417/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3417/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3417/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3417/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3417/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3417/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3417.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8416</span> Ozone Therapy and Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Interplay in Controlling Tumor Growth, Symptom and Pain Management: A Case Report </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20F.%20Pollo%20Gaspary">J. F. Pollo Gaspary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Peron%20Gaspary"> F. Peron Gaspary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20M.%20Sim%C3%A3o"> E. M. Simão</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20Concatto%20Beltrame"> R. Concatto Beltrame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20Orengo%20de%20Oliveira"> G. Orengo de Oliveira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20S.%20Ristow%20Ferreira"> M. S. Ristow Ferreira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Sartori%20Thies"> F. Sartori Thies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20F.%20Minello"> I. F. Minello</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20dos%20Santos%20de%20Oliveira"> F. dos Santos de Oliveira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Background: The immune system has evolved several mechanisms to protect the host against cancer, and it has now been suggested that the expansion of its functions may prevent tumor growth and control the symptoms of cancer patients. Two techniques, ozone therapy and pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF), are independently associated with an increase in the immune system functions and they maybe help palliative care of patients in these conditions. Case Report: A patient with rectal adenocarcinoma with metastases decides to interrupt the clinical chemotherapy protocol due to refractoriness and side effects. As a palliative care alternative treatment it is suggested to the patient the use of ozone therapy associated with PEMF techniques. Results: The patient reports an improvement in well-being, in autonomy and in pain control. Imaging tests confirm a pause in tumor growth despite more than 60 days without using classic treatment. These results associated with palliative care alternative treatment stimulate the return to the chemotherapy protocol. Discussion: This case illustrates that these two techniques can contribute to the control of tumor growth and refractory symptoms, such as pain, probably by enhancing the immune system. Conclusions: The potential use of the combination of these two therapies, ozone therapy and PEMF therapy, can contribute to palliation of cancer patients, alone or in combination with pharmacological therapies. The conduct of future investigations on this paradigm can elucidate how much these techniques contribute to the survival and well-being of these patients.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cancer" title="Cancer">Cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=complementary%20and%20alternative%20medicine" title=" complementary and alternative medicine"> complementary and alternative medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ozone%20therapy" title=" ozone therapy"> ozone therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=palliative%20care" title=" palliative care"> palliative care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PEMF%20Therapy." title=" PEMF Therapy."> PEMF Therapy.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011513/ozone-therapy-and-pulsed-electromagnetic-fields-interplay-in-controlling-tumor-growth-symptom-and-pain-management-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011513/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011513/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011513/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011513/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011513/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011513/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011513/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011513/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011513/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011513/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011513.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">991</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8415</span> Identification of Promiscuous Epitopes for Cellular Immune Responses in the Major Antigenic Protein Rv3873 Encoded by Region of Difference 1 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abu%20Salim%20Mustafa">Abu Salim Mustafa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Rv3873 is a relatively large size protein (371 amino acids in length) and its gene is located in the immunodominant genomic region of difference (RD)1 that is present in the genome of <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> but deleted from the genomes of all the vaccine strains of Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) and most other mycobacteria. However, when tested for cellular immune responses using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from tuberculosis patients and <em>BCG</em>-vaccinated healthy subjects, this protein was found to be a major stimulator of cell mediated immune responses in both groups of subjects. In order to further identify the sequence of immunodominant epitopes and explore their Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-restriction for epitope recognition, 24 peptides (25-mers overlapping with the neighboring peptides by 10 residues) covering the sequence of Rv3873 were synthesized chemically using fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl chemistry and tested in cell mediated immune responses. The results of these experiments helped in the identification of an immunodominant peptide P9 that was recognized by people expressing varying HLA-DR types. Furthermore, it was also predicted to be a promiscuous binder with multiple epitopes for binding to HLA-DR, HLA-DP and HLA-DQ alleles of HLA-class II molecules that present antigens to T helper cells, and to HLA-class I molecules that present antigens to T cytotoxic cells. In addition, the evaluation of peptide P9 using an immunogenicity predictor server yielded a high score (0.94), which indicated a greater probability of this peptide to elicit a protective cellular immune response. In conclusion, P9, a peptide with multiple epitopes and ability to bind several HLA class I and class II molecules for presentation to cells of the cellular immune response, may be useful as a peptide-based vaccine against tuberculosis.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mycobacterium%20tuberculosis" title="Mycobacterium tuberculosis">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rv3873" title=" Rv3873"> Rv3873</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=peptides" title=" peptides"> peptides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=vaccine" title=" vaccine"> vaccine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008984/identification-of-promiscuous-epitopes-for-cellular-immune-responses-in-the-major-antigenic-protein-rv3873-encoded-by-region-of-difference-1-of-mycobacterium-tuberculosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008984/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008984/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008984/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008984/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008984/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008984/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008984/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008984/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008984/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008984/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008984.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">846</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8414</span> Pre-Clinical Studying of Antitumor Ramon Preparation: Chronic Toxicity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Raissa%20A.%20Muzychkina">Raissa A. Muzychkina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Irina%20M.%20Korulkina"> Irina M. Korulkina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dmitriy%20Yu.%20Korulkin"> Dmitriy Yu. Korulkin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In article the data of chronic toxicity for pre-clinical researches of Ramon preparation is described. Ramon effects to hormone system and gastrointestinal tract; local irritative effect, allergic, pyrogenic properties and reaction to the immune system were studied.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cancer" title="Cancer">Cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=toxicity" title=" toxicity"> toxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=antitumor%20activity" title=" antitumor activity"> antitumor activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pre-clinical%0D%0Atesting" title=" pre-clinical testing"> pre-clinical testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=anthraquinones" title=" anthraquinones"> anthraquinones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=phytopreparation" title=" phytopreparation"> phytopreparation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ramon." title=" Ramon."> Ramon.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16230/pre-clinical-studying-of-antitumor-ramon-preparation-chronic-toxicity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16230/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16230/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16230/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16230/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16230/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16230/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16230/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" 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