CINXE.COM
Math & Science | Infoplease
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#"> <head><link rel="preload" fetchpriority="high" as="image" href="https://www.infoplease.com/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/webp_image/public/inline-images/12-21.jpg.webp" /> <link rel="preload" as="image" href="https://www.infoplease.com/themes/ip/images/logo-white.svg"> <link rel="preload" as="image" href="https://www.infoplease.com/themes/ip/images/search.png"> <link rel="preload" as="image" href="https://www.infoplease.com/themes/ip/images/mag-glass.svg"> <script> /*@shinsenter/defer.js*/ !function(r,i,t){var u,o=/^data-(.+)/,a='IntersectionObserver',c=/p/.test(i.readyState),s=[],f=s.slice,l='lazied',e='load',n='pageshow',d='forEach',h='hasAttribute',m='shift';function v(e){i.head.appendChild(e)}function p(e,n){f.call(e.attributes)[d](n)}function y(e,n,t,o){return o=(o=n?i.getElementById(n):o)||i.createElement(e),n&&(o.id=n),t&&(o.onload=t),o}function b(e,n){return f.call((n||i).querySelectorAll(e))}function I(t){b('source',t)[d](I),p(t,function(e,n){(n=o.exec(e.name))&&(t[n[1]]=e.value)}),e in t&&t[e]()}function g(e){u(function(o){o=b(e||'[type=deferjs]'),function e(n,t){(n=o[m]())&&(n.parentNode.removeChild(n),(t=y(n.nodeName)).text=n.text,p(n,function(e){'type'!=e.name&&(t[e.name]=e.value)}),t.src&&!t[h]('async')?(t.onload=t.onerror=e,v(t)):(v(t),e()))}()})}(u=function(e,n){c?t(e,n):s.push(e,n)}).all=g,u.js=function(n,t,e,o){u(function(e){(e=y('SCRIPT',t,o)).src=n,v(e)},e)},u.css=function(n,t,e,o){u(function(e){(e=y('LINK',t,o)).rel='stylesheet',e.href=n,v(e)},e)},u.dom=function(e,n,t,o,i){function c(e){o&&!1===o(e)||(I(e),t&&(e.className+=' '+t))}u(function(t){t=a in r&&new r[a](function(e){e[d](function(e,n){e.isIntersecting&&(n=e.target)&&(t.unobserve(n),c(n))})},i),b(e||'[data-src]')[d](function(e){e[h](l)||(e.setAttribute(l,''),t?t.observe(e):c(e))})},n)},u.reveal=I,r.Defer=u,r.addEventListener('on'+n in r?n:e,function(){for(g();s[0];t(s[m](),s[m]()))c=1})}(this,document,setTimeout); </script> <script> window.ramp = window.ramp || {}; window.ramp.que = window.ramp.que || []; </script> <script async src="//cdn.intergient.com/1022050/69785/ramp_config.js"></script> <script> window._pwGA4PageviewId = ''.concat(Date.now()); window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.gtag = window.gtag || function () { dataLayer.push(arguments); }; gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-0DSNBPN98G', { 'send_page_view': false }); gtag( 'event', 'ramp_js', { 'send_to': 'G-0DSNBPN98G', 'pageview_id': window._pwGA4PageviewId } ); </script> <script> var current_date = 2024-11-21; var current_year = 2024; var current_day = 21; var current_month = 11; </script> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <script> var zflag_nid="305", zflag_cid="48112/41562/1", zflag_sid="4677", zflag_width="1", zflag_height="1", zflag_sz="15";</script> <meta name="description" content="Math and science are two of the underpinnings of modern society. Every day we come into contact with hundreds of things influenced by (or made possible by) our scientific knowledge." /> <meta name="referrer" content="no-referrer" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="InfoPlease" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.infoplease.com/math-science" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Math & Science" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Math and science are two of the underpinnings of modern society. Every day we come into contact with hundreds of things influenced by (or made possible by) our scientific knowledge." /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.infoplease.com/themes/ip/images/og_logo_pos.jpg" /> <meta property="og:updated_time" content="2017-02-09T04:58:46-05:00" /> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <style>div#sliding-popup, div#sliding-popup .eu-cookie-withdraw-banner, .eu-cookie-withdraw-tab {background: #0779bf} div#sliding-popup.eu-cookie-withdraw-wrapper { background: transparent; } #sliding-popup h1, #sliding-popup h2, #sliding-popup h3, #sliding-popup p, #sliding-popup label, #sliding-popup div, .eu-cookie-compliance-more-button, .eu-cookie-compliance-secondary-button, .eu-cookie-withdraw-tab { color: #ffffff;} .eu-cookie-withdraw-tab { border-color: #ffffff;}</style> <script type="application/ld+json">{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@graph": [ { "@type": "Webpage", "headline": "Math \u0026 Science", "name": "Math \u0026 Science", "description": "Math and science are two of the underpinnings of modern society. Every day we come into contact with hundreds of things influenced by (or made possible by) our scientific knowledge.", "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "representativeOfPage": "True", "url": "https://www.infoplease.com/themes/ip/logo.png", "width": "2582", "height": "1722" }, "datePublished": "2017-02-09T04:58:46-0500", "dateModified": "2023-01-11T01:44:00-0500", "author": { "@type": "Organization", "@id": "https://www.infoplease.com", "name": "Infoplease" }, "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "@id": "https://www.infoplease.com", "name": "Infoplease", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://www.infoplease.com/themes/ip/logo.png", "width": "280", "height": "100" } }, "mainEntityOfPage": { "@type": "Webpage", "@id": "https://www.infoplease.com/math-science" } }, { "@type": "WebPage", "breadcrumb": "Yes" } ] }</script> <link rel="icon" href="/themes/ip/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.infoplease.com/math-science" /> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];var j=d.createElement(s);var dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl+'';j.async=true;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-NBS6K3');</script> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:large" /> <title>Math & Science | Infoplease</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/infoplease.com/files/css/css_JtRp3tZ4Bb9MusTvChA__K1CLwNf7F3rZtDKATi5pCg.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=ip&include=eJx1kFFuxCAMRC8E4SK9AzLgZGkAU2N2lZ5-IdH2K_3Bo2fkGU2C38MmgmDSRy1TfQ0Ry6ba0QSzcdBQeWI03z8d-VCxmi2Rg6SbHGn-PLdUPCrs1hPtEcfINUUY0NxBG3CFnkT53oSynSfmOlMxEIJ2ifyuK9Vep6HfMUQh_rN8Rnw1c75LptATqjUmQTYeqkQq6oU24wYZSzcrcV5eqCfQk-iVqQiW8PF_UhyhGgL7h7lhdznbAxi1Pw_JlfiqIg7CBdJyNWZ7vHjgXgetTBtjaxcUcA7cyH8ZWajRQhc6u0JB8w9_A8oArzc" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/infoplease.com/files/css/css_e8y2OmBTbzOiGIDj0wh2E1WtprNeTaOU7NYBitarHH4.css?delta=1&language=en&theme=ip&include=eJx1kFFuxCAMRC8E4SK9AzLgZGkAU2N2lZ5-IdH2K_3Bo2fkGU2C38MmgmDSRy1TfQ0Ry6ba0QSzcdBQeWI03z8d-VCxmi2Rg6SbHGn-PLdUPCrs1hPtEcfINUUY0NxBG3CFnkT53oSynSfmOlMxEIJ2ifyuK9Vep6HfMUQh_rN8Rnw1c75LptATqjUmQTYeqkQq6oU24wYZSzcrcV5eqCfQk-iVqQiW8PF_UhyhGgL7h7lhdznbAxi1Pw_JlfiqIg7CBdJyNWZ7vHjgXgetTBtjaxcUcA7cyH8ZWajRQhc6u0JB8w9_A8oArzc" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/infoplease.com/files/css/css_g7QeCvGAMMBykjPvr_vZ6QRwzf5AfZabdhwfX-ICAQU.css?delta=2&language=en&theme=ip&include=eJx1kFFuxCAMRC8E4SK9AzLgZGkAU2N2lZ5-IdH2K_3Bo2fkGU2C38MmgmDSRy1TfQ0Ry6ba0QSzcdBQeWI03z8d-VCxmi2Rg6SbHGn-PLdUPCrs1hPtEcfINUUY0NxBG3CFnkT53oSynSfmOlMxEIJ2ifyuK9Vep6HfMUQh_rN8Rnw1c75LptATqjUmQTYeqkQq6oU24wYZSzcrcV5eqCfQk-iVqQiW8PF_UhyhGgL7h7lhdznbAxi1Pw_JlfiqIg7CBdJyNWZ7vHjgXgetTBtjaxcUcA7cyH8ZWajRQhc6u0JB8w9_A8oArzc" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/infoplease.com/files/css/css_T1eAUi3H-ZPlFepwsXyG0ldbHRG-UxWLeQMdUE5mbmg.css?delta=3&language=en&theme=ip&include=eJx1kFFuxCAMRC8E4SK9AzLgZGkAU2N2lZ5-IdH2K_3Bo2fkGU2C38MmgmDSRy1TfQ0Ry6ba0QSzcdBQeWI03z8d-VCxmi2Rg6SbHGn-PLdUPCrs1hPtEcfINUUY0NxBG3CFnkT53oSynSfmOlMxEIJ2ifyuK9Vep6HfMUQh_rN8Rnw1c75LptATqjUmQTYeqkQq6oU24wYZSzcrcV5eqCfQk-iVqQiW8PF_UhyhGgL7h7lhdznbAxi1Pw_JlfiqIg7CBdJyNWZ7vHjgXgetTBtjaxcUcA7cyH8ZWajRQhc6u0JB8w9_A8oArzc" /> </head> <body class="user-logged-out path-node page-node-type-page head-title-Math-&-Science---Infoplease"> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-NBS6K3" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <header class="site-header"> <div class="container"> <a href="/" title="Home" rel="home" class="col-sm-3 col-xs-6 ip-logo"> <img src="/themes/ip/images/logo-white.svg" alt="Home" /> </a> <button class="ip-search-toggle"><img src="/themes/ip/images/mag-glass.svg" /></button> <button class="ip-nav-search-close"><img src="/themes/ip/images/close.svg" /></button> <div id="block-mainnavigation-2" class="block"> <div class="region-we-mega-menu"> <a class="navbar-toggle collapsed"> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </a> <nav class="main navbar navbar-default navbar-we-mega-menu mobile-collapse click-action" data-menu-name="main" data-block-theme="ip" data-style="Default" data-animation="None" data-autoarrow="1" data-alwayshowsubmenu="1" data-action="clicked" data-mobile-collapse="1"> <div class="container-fluid"> <ul class="we-mega-menu-ul"> <li class="we-mega-menu-li dropdown-menu main-menu-browse active active-trail" data-level="0" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="1a723417-141b-4c01-8390-43bc05c17e8a" data-submenu="1" hide-sub-when-collapse="0" data-class="main-menu-browse" data-group="0"> <span data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>" class="we-megamenu-nolink">Browse<i class="arrow down"></i></span> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-submenu" data-submenu-width="1200" style="width: 1200px"> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu-inner"> <div class="we-mega-menu-row" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-row" data-custom-row="0"> <div class="we-mega-menu-col span3" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-col" data-width="3" data-hidewhencollapse="0"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs subul"> <li class="we-mega-menu-li dropdown-menu we-mega-menu-group" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="ff3e3eff-37a7-4c29-bc5c-2260588e3e2d" data-submenu="1" hide-sub-when-collapse="0" data-group="1"> <span data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>" class="we-megamenu-nolink">World<i class="arrow down"></i></span> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-submenu"> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu-inner"> <div class="we-mega-menu-row" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-row" data-custom-row="0"> <div class="we-mega-menu-col span12" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-col" data-width="12" data-hidewhencollapse="0"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs subul"> <li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="a4a2e641-8a37-4cae-8a23-d9eb1b3fb181" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/world" target=""> World Overview </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="cb1c78ba-b3c5-4aa7-9aba-80e35a6eeb25" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/atlas" target=""> Atlas </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="9161d572-95be-4598-a77e-6f434c4e3d09" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/world/countries" target=""> Countries </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="67431e6f-f079-4256-9c6e-9115547796c4" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/disasters" target=""> Disasters </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="3cfa6176-642f-4594-a369-6f287c4aa14c" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/current-events" target=""> News </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="676bb6ec-a766-41fc-8126-55dd6a57d1e8" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/countries/flags" target=""> Flags of the World </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="fed9df34-c250-462b-a592-e1f4e94df822" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/geography" target=""> Geography </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="4d8d75e6-b221-42ba-8e0d-eb29f046ea51" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/diplomacy" target=""> International Relations </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="530cc07a-c6ec-4017-a6fc-eaea78d71a61" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/religion" target=""> Religion </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="22d47f9e-20af-4bdb-8f0b-791cb357f290" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/world-statistics" target=""> Statistics </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="177dba64-9022-4451-9139-5ce838f19878" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/geography/monuments-landmarks" target=""> Structures & Buildings </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="5f59129b-05d1-4ee3-ae12-26853728aa41" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/world/travel-transportation" target=""> Travel </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="15dc6059-ceac-44e1-9cc0-6e8d3d965146" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/biographies/government-politics/world-leaders" target=""> World Rulers </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li dropdown-menu we-mega-menu-group" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="e45e053c-0185-4d5c-8ab2-1d17e5f1b7f4" data-submenu="1" hide-sub-when-collapse="0" data-group="1"> <span data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>" class="we-megamenu-nolink">People<i class="arrow down"></i></span> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-submenu"> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu-inner"> <div class="we-mega-menu-row" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-row" data-custom-row="0"> <div class="we-mega-menu-col span12" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-col" data-width="12" data-hidewhencollapse="0"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs subul"> <li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="9de0a2bb-f293-40f7-a616-31749e2714f5" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/biographies" target=""> People Overview </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="1b19e2b7-8467-4935-adb8-5c17e815b06c" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/biographies/society-culture/academia-and-culture" target=""> Academia & Culture </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="20e77017-ade4-4a1c-8fe5-7e5df056669e" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/biographies/art-entertainment" target=""> Arts & Entertainment </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="65fef05d-8367-4380-a556-7115b76c461e" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/biographies/society-culture/business-biographies" target=""> Business </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="773ac213-1255-45a0-8dc1-3006d0b34ff5" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/biographies/government-politics" target=""> Government </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="61cfdce9-b3b5-4a88-9ae6-f13f8c998e5c" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/people/in-the-news" target=""> Newsmakers </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="241a306b-bf64-4b88-9b79-454b50256708" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/science" target=""> Science </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="e144c555-0438-4f7f-802f-8fa1e1b7f83f" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/biographies/sports" target=""> Sports </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="we-mega-menu-col span3" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-col" data-width="3" data-blocktitle="1" data-hidewhencollapse="0"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs subul"> <li class="we-mega-menu-li dropdown-menu we-mega-menu-group" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="26d1626f-a7f9-4b2d-bda0-a19182b3b878" data-submenu="1" hide-sub-when-collapse="0" data-group="1"> <span data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>" class="we-megamenu-nolink">U.S.<i class="arrow down"></i></span> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-submenu"> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu-inner"> <div class="we-mega-menu-row" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-row" data-custom-row="0"> <div class="we-mega-menu-col span12" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-col" data-width="12" data-hidewhencollapse="0"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs subul"> <li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="c4049b03-08d3-4f01-afb6-c07cb304fef6" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/us" target=""> U.S. Overview </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="11f654b6-17f6-40df-854c-fe1296ea413b" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/us/cities" target=""> Cities </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="927a27e3-bbed-4715-8212-18b1584a403e" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/primary-sources/government" target=""> U.S. Documents </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="af8b257b-83f4-4e60-b30b-36c08a23975b" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/us/gender-sexuality" target=""> Gender Issues </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="0dcfb035-3eda-4f29-816b-466870f8a7bb" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/geography" target=""> Geography </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="9a41a5fe-7153-4201-a22a-4837e354487d" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/us/government" target=""> Government </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="23258840-bc85-4fb0-bb88-ce0239aa0e1f" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/current-events" target=""> News </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="faecca9a-42a4-49c4-a466-504b1b1d757a" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/us/military" target=""> Military </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="b7a741f7-ccd0-45db-9d5d-e0311755e640" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/history-and-government/us-historical-monuments" target=""> Monuments & Landmarks </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="a1522757-57d9-4011-8954-cf72e71a576e" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/us/postal-information" target=""> Postal Information </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="b0f03f17-f878-43df-b447-b46b5450ed4a" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/us/race" target=""> Race & Ethnicity </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="7681b583-1195-42e1-a3ce-91f80e657ed5" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/us/states" target=""> States </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="59e82755-eb02-450d-81cf-dd9e5d00fd6f" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/us/us-statistics" target=""> Statistics </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="78a597de-29f1-4bc8-b0a7-6ed1c8e90bf2" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/culture-entertainment" target=""> Arts & Entertainment </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="859fbbf0-ed65-484c-87d9-1ef9013fdeb0" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/culture-entertainment/sports" target=""> Sports </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li dropdown-menu we-mega-menu-group" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="e1bc4f50-e073-4d69-b307-abd57db40de1" data-submenu="1" hide-sub-when-collapse="0" data-group="1"> <span data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>" class="we-megamenu-nolink">History<i class="arrow down"></i></span> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-submenu"> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu-inner"> <div class="we-mega-menu-row" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-row" data-custom-row="0"> <div class="we-mega-menu-col span12" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-col" data-width="12" data-hidewhencollapse="0"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs subul"> <li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="4b93647c-84fc-4a69-99c9-a421fd7559b4" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/history" target=""> History Overview </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="c56361ab-8d10-4c0c-83c7-251a5eb04a38" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/timeline-archive" target=""> Timelines </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="f6bdbafb-edc7-4fe9-b578-9cca0babbf51" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/history/world" target=""> World History </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="7e9ce0c4-b34d-4021-a9a1-51b6f26f2a3f" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/history/us" target=""> U.S. History </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="4ad2a1d4-8110-45ff-864f-61a7e677915c" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/history/black-history" target=""> Black History Month </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="dbbab138-8121-4d5a-a022-8a8af6ff3073" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/history/hispanic-heritage" target=""> Hispanic Heritage Month </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="9646478f-f2ce-49e5-b90d-a26bc85f39d1" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/history/womens-history" target=""> Women's History Month </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="we-mega-menu-col span3" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-col" data-width="3" data-blocktitle="1" data-hidewhencollapse="0"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs subul"> <li class="we-mega-menu-li dropdown-menu we-mega-menu-group active active-trail" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="823c9906-9f40-4c10-8bb9-57da2519a641" data-submenu="1" hide-sub-when-collapse="0" data-group="1"> <span data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>" class="we-megamenu-nolink">Math & Science<i class="arrow down"></i></span> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-submenu"> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu-inner"> <div class="we-mega-menu-row" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-row" data-custom-row="0"> <div class="we-mega-menu-col span12" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-col" data-width="12" data-hidewhencollapse="0"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs subul"> <li class="we-mega-menu-li active active-trail" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="ad31b703-5dfd-4ea0-bea2-52aff8db39cc" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/math-science" target=""> Math & Science Overview </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="a924bf45-ec7b-4870-97a9-fc046d125d37" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/math-science/aviation" target=""> Aviation </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="0b4e7ad8-b50a-469c-934a-2f3e129fe476" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/math-science/biology" target=""> Biology </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="5d21d31e-4f9b-4610-8779-69692b65c49d" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/math-science/computers-internet" target=""> Computers & Internet </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="789f214d-109b-4b6a-8084-75bbc0aa448d" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/math-science/earth-environment" target=""> Earth & Environment </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="f5853629-653e-45e3-a782-57b0a357fb31" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/math-science/health" target=""> Health </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="e906c067-e474-4ac3-b6fa-d158707529fd" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/math-science/inventions-discoveries" target=""> Inventions & Discoveries </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="1616d2b9-7d57-4980-9559-5bdc425e5e61" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/math-science/mathematics" target=""> Mathematics </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="f306cda5-cdc9-476e-9d51-4e64af61e583" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/math-science/physics" target=""> Physics </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="37a433fe-ab89-4d18-b369-3ea72e8ad9fc" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/math-science/space" target=""> Space </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="92382932-5ad4-4351-832a-94d653aa683c" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/math-science/weather" target=""> Weather </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="7aad6b27-5acb-4bac-8acf-be91c836bbb8" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/math-science/weights-measures" target=""> Weights & Measures </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li dropdown-menu we-mega-menu-group" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="29a78c62-ce20-4f1e-bb70-da47b92141ae" data-submenu="1" hide-sub-when-collapse="0" data-group="1"> <span data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>" class="we-megamenu-nolink">Calendar & Holidays<i class="arrow down"></i></span> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-submenu"> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu-inner"> <div class="we-mega-menu-row" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-row" data-custom-row="0"> <div class="we-mega-menu-col span12" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-col" data-width="12" data-hidewhencollapse="0"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs subul"> <li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="7ebfbf4a-de2b-460b-930f-1928372833d7" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/calendars" target=""> Calendar & Holidays Overview </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="4411d1bf-0883-4267-8759-11614e0f285f" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/calendars/history" target=""> Calendars </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="d76efcb5-a742-4b6a-b14d-217d6d76e9ca" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/culture-entertainment/holidays" target=""> Holidays </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="56cc31b3-222b-448a-bf5c-bd325334323d" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/calendars/months-seasons" target=""> Seasons, Months, Days </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="fe1989d7-ce71-4b13-9848-4f86e931467e" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/calendar" target=""> Perpetual Calendar </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="we-mega-menu-col span3" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-col" data-width="3" data-blocktitle="1" data-hidewhencollapse="0"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs subul"> <li class="we-mega-menu-li dropdown-menu we-mega-menu-group" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="460bd358-e183-4af6-a30d-8c241e4f3651" data-submenu="1" hide-sub-when-collapse="0" data-group="1"> <span data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>" class="we-megamenu-nolink">Business<i class="arrow down"></i></span> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-submenu"> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu-inner"> <div class="we-mega-menu-row" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-row" data-custom-row="0"> <div class="we-mega-menu-col span12" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-col" data-width="12" data-hidewhencollapse="0"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs subul"> <li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="b1311617-2ec4-4bde-804a-719134a89765" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/business-and-finance" target=""> Business Overview </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" description="Business" data-id="9513d3b1-064f-4a95-9e98-a0c9ed4302f3" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="Business" href="/business/business-statistics" target=""> Business </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" description="Consumer Resources" data-id="4feb0c14-5b30-4a3d-8f9d-8d69a49f82ff" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="Consumer Resources" href="/business/consumer-resources" target=""> Consumer Resources </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="757bd3fa-14b6-4466-8e1f-4d6277557bc9" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/business/money" target=""> Currency </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" description="Economy" data-id="afe3b0e4-dbb8-48db-823f-833990412195" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="Economy" href="/business/economy" target=""> Economy </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="d71a21f6-4513-4b0b-85e3-7536e3c8abb1" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/business/labor" target=""> Employment & Labor </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" description="Personal Finance" data-id="96f6fbb9-2438-42e8-b2a9-28d2fb98fc3d" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="Personal Finance" href="/business/consumer-resources/personal-finance" target=""> Personal Finance </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" description="Poverty & Income" data-id="a4bbd341-91b6-4f5a-9c15-fcb11d0264c4" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="Poverty &amp; Income" href="/business/poverty-income" target=""> Poverty & Income </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" description="Taxes" data-id="1b6f5657-2b70-428f-b6f0-6805afc58846" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="Taxes" href="/business/economy/taxes" target=""> Taxes </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li dropdown-menu we-mega-menu-group" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="8f6bc10c-f6ac-4aeb-a173-e18ad1841128" data-submenu="1" hide-sub-when-collapse="0" data-group="1"> <span data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>" class="we-megamenu-nolink">Primary Sources<i class="arrow down"></i></span> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-submenu"> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu-inner"> <div class="we-mega-menu-row" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-row" data-custom-row="0"> <div class="we-mega-menu-col span12" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-col" data-width="12" data-hidewhencollapse="0"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs subul"> <li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="3afed967-659a-4564-81d3-3bf591e0dc22" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/primary-sources" target=""> Primary Sources Overview </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="a0ff5327-d5c0-48e5-ba40-8ab97d733777" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/primary-sources/philosophy-religion" target=""> Philosophy & Religion </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="eb835e9d-1daa-4e9d-a932-25e4e1c99f09" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/primary-sources/fables-fairytales" target=""> Fables & Fairy Tales </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="4cedd10c-1b01-4072-9c53-311f846a73e4" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/primary-sources/government" target=""> Government </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="aefbd0b6-b078-45d0-9705-5b8cdb1f7a9d" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/primary-sources/history-biography" target=""> History & Biography </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="feeac410-62de-4c7c-979c-debf7d0a60ec" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/primary-sources/poetry" target=""> Poetry </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="4888d99f-f9f3-47f9-9789-cef11babf5c1" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/primary-sources/speeches-essays" target=""> Speeches & Essays </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="d4ae94e0-8a6f-488e-aedf-2af5588f8acf" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/primary-sources/books-plays" target=""> Books & Plays </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li dropdown-menu we-mega-menu-group" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="d8fe03d9-7281-434f-99d8-20bb7c5a5c4f" data-submenu="1" hide-sub-when-collapse="0" data-group="1" data-target="_self"> <span data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>" class="we-megamenu-nolink">Ask the Editors<i class="arrow down"></i></span> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-submenu"> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu-inner"> <div class="we-mega-menu-row" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-row" data-custom-row="0"> <div class="we-mega-menu-col span12" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-col" data-width="12" data-hidewhencollapse="0"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs subul"> <li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="0b5e80e8-3b89-44fd-9c59-936fa70e3df2" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0" data-target="_self"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/askeds" target="_self"> View All Questions & Answers </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li dropdown-menu show-desktop main-menu-tools" data-level="0" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="2e777ddd-8c5d-47c9-8025-33ebe0b5aa9c" data-submenu="1" hide-sub-when-collapse="0" data-class="show-desktop main-menu-tools" data-group="0"> <span data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>" class="we-megamenu-nolink">Tools<i class="arrow down"></i></span> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-submenu"> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu-inner"> <div class="we-mega-menu-row" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-row" data-custom-row="0"> <div class="we-mega-menu-col span6" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-col" data-width="6" data-hidewhencollapse="0"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs subul"> <li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="5e333d26-f3ae-4028-86a8-706eaa8ffc85" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/conversion-calculator" target=""> Conversion Calculator </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="fe7e30ab-c7a0-436b-804a-864a5904f3f4" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/atlas/latitude-longitude" target=""> Latitude & Longitude </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="a61a0ac9-5d80-446b-a641-5db5a7e8ea2c" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/calendar" target=""> Perpetual Calendar </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="df73eac9-3705-471d-a220-469569eab2b3" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/dictionary" target=""> Dictionary </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="6c5c3d7c-ffd1-4c40-a868-e9692d71c5f4" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/thesaurus" target=""> Thesaurus </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="3018a940-9a0b-41d1-950b-893f2cac3886" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/atlas/calculate-distance" target=""> Distance Calculator </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="b83929b5-c2ce-4cd0-add6-c643d1542ed3" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/math-science/chemistry/periodic-table" target=""> Periodic Table </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="72ca68da-9f4a-4d9c-a32d-4d75531731ff" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/videos" target=""> Videos </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="we-mega-menu-col span6" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-col" data-width="6" data-blocktitle="1" data-hidewhencollapse="0"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs subul"> <li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="e3e7c305-dcb0-47ed-9c51-74259aa3a7c2" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0" data-target="_self"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/spelling-check" target="_self"> Spellcheck </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li menu-tools-atlas dropdown-menu" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="c35ff46f-42ff-45df-ab3c-e760791c12af" data-submenu="1" hide-sub-when-collapse="0" data-class="menu-tools-atlas"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/atlas" target=""> Atlas </a> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-submenu"> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu-inner"> <div class="we-mega-menu-row" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-row" data-custom-row="1"> <div class="we-mega-menu-col span12" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-col" data-width="12" data-block="atlastoolsmenu" data-blocktitle="1" data-hidewhencollapse="0"> <div class="type-of-block"><div class="block-inner"><h2>Atlas Tools Menu</h2><div id="block-atlastoolsmenu" class="block"> <a href="/atlas">Atlas »</a> <p>Learn more about the world with our collection of regional and country maps.</p> <div> <div class="field_menu_grid"><div class="field-collection-item field-collection-item--name-field-menu-grid field-collection-item--view-mode-full"> <div class="content"> <img src="" data-lazysrc="/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/scale600w/public/2020-04/europe.jpg.webp?itok=ZYMzqB-y" class="menu-lazy menu_lazy_load_image" width="600" height="333" alt="Europe" /> <div class="field_menu_grid_title"> <div class="field__label">Title</div> <div class="field__item">Maps of Europe</div> </div> <p>Brush up on your geography and finally learn what countries are in Eastern Europe with our maps.</p> <a href="/atlas/europe">Maps of Europe »</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_menu_grid"><div class="field-collection-item field-collection-item--name-field-menu-grid field-collection-item--view-mode-full"> <div class="content"> <img src="" data-lazysrc="/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/scale600w/public/2020-04/middleeast.jpg.webp?itok=b3PkAiRE" class="menu-lazy menu_lazy_load_image" width="600" height="333" alt="Middle East" /> <div class="field_menu_grid_title"> <div class="field__label">Title</div> <div class="field__item">Maps of the Middle East</div> </div> <p>Not sure about the geography of the middle east? We've got you covered with our map collection.</p> <a href="/atlas/middle-east">Maps of the Middle East »</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li dropdown-menu" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="2e0f0558-c45c-477d-b238-6ac7fd976580" data-submenu="1" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/encyclopedia" target=""> Encyclopedia </a> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-submenu"> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu-inner"> <div class="we-mega-menu-row" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-row" data-custom-row="1"> <div class="we-mega-menu-col span12" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-col" data-width="12" data-block="encyclopediatoolsmenu" data-blocktitle="1" data-hidewhencollapse="0"> <div class="type-of-block"><div class="block-inner"><h2>Encyclopedia Tools Menu</h2><div id="block-encyclopediatoolsmenu" class="block"> <a href="/encyclopedia">Encyclopedia »</a> <p>Need a reference? Check our encyclopedia for a gloss on thousands of topics from biographies to the table of elements.</p> <div> <div class="field_menu_grid"><div class="field-collection-item field-collection-item--name-field-menu-grid field-collection-item--view-mode-full"> <div class="content"> <img src="" data-lazysrc="/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/scale600w/public/2020-04/Triumph_of_Achilles_in_Corfu_Achilleion.jpg.webp?itok=AJitHl3b" class="menu-lazy menu_lazy_load_image" width="600" height="333" alt="The Trojan War" /> <div class="field_menu_grid_title"> <div class="field__label">Title</div> <div class="field__item">The Trojan War</div> </div> <p>Learn more about the mythic conflict between the Argives and the Trojans.</p> <a href="/encyclopedia/arts/classical-lit/myths-folklore/trojan-war">The Trojan War »</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_menu_grid"><div class="field-collection-item field-collection-item--name-field-menu-grid field-collection-item--view-mode-full"> <div class="content"> <img src="" data-lazysrc="/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/scale600w/public/2020-04/iStock-1163662016.jpg.webp?itok=5LuI3Ibr" class="menu-lazy menu_lazy_load_image" width="600" height="333" alt="Buddhism" /> <div class="field_menu_grid_title"> <div class="field__label">Title</div> <div class="field__item">Buddhism</div> </div> <p>Learn about one of the world's oldest and most popular religions.</p> <a href="/encyclopedia/religion/eastern/buddhism/buddhism/basic-beliefs-and-practices">Buddhism »</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li dropdown-menu show-mobile" data-level="0" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="3a19eceb-3b38-41de-b670-2cadc9a43db1" data-submenu="1" hide-sub-when-collapse="0" data-class="show-mobile" data-group="0"> <span data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>" class="we-megamenu-nolink">Tools<i class="arrow down"></i></span> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-submenu"> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu-inner"> <div class="we-mega-menu-row" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-row" data-custom-row="0"> <div class="we-mega-menu-col span12" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-col" data-width="12" data-hidewhencollapse="0"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs subul"> <li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="501ad0d1-f040-4423-b9be-505e10f8cbdb" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/conversion-calculator" target=""> Conversion Calculator </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="7d7af736-828f-4a52-b92b-23ab199ec5d3" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/atlas/latitude-longitude" target=""> Latitude & Longitude </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="0c257c8f-b968-406f-adb9-85e12e3c4bfa" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/calendar" target=""> Perpetual Calendar </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="51a704e4-affb-4bb9-a641-86d000766348" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/dictionary" target=""> Dictionary </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="cb7dbf20-e015-47c6-9a2e-f2a1f75ca130" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/thesaurus" target=""> Thesaurus </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="19fbc65b-0112-43fc-8f06-fe9419bb5c57" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/math-science/chemistry/periodic-table" target=""> Periodic Table </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="b2bdfbdc-509f-480a-9d4c-b2a5b84abefa" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/atlas/calculate-distance" target=""> Distance Calculator </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="824351be-2933-4665-8d68-b9d980202020" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/videos" target=""> Videos </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="5109beb8-fbe5-4cfc-8504-d9a7b6e4b984" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/atlas" target=""> Atlas </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="020e0659-8dea-49f7-a609-8cc65678b67e" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/encyclopedia" target=""> Encyclopedia </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="0" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" description="Quizzes and Trivia" data-id="6867f29f-8726-4c62-9eae-2ffd482a5664" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="Quizzes and Trivia" href="/quizzes" target=""> Quizzes </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="0" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="9e29962a-5eb9-4d81-b87f-e2682c3cc453" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="https://games.infoplease.com/" target=""> Games </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="0" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="503b6b2f-f62d-4a18-a790-17487bcc65c9" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/most-interesting-fact-lists" target=""> Top 10s </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="0" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" data-id="53ad389c-5f3b-4481-b5d3-9efd966a6f0a" data-submenu="0" hide-sub-when-collapse="0"> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/daily" target=""> Day In History </a> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="ip-search-form block" data-drupal-selector="ip-search-form" id="block-ipsearchformblock"> <form action="/math-science" method="post" id="ip-search-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"> <div class="js-form-item form-item js-form-type-search-api-autocomplete form-item-keys js-form-item-keys form-no-label"> <label for="edit-keys" class="visually-hidden">Search</label> <input title="Enter the terms you wish to search for." data-drupal-selector="edit-keys" data-search-api-autocomplete-search="search" class="form-autocomplete form-text" data-autocomplete-path="/search_api_autocomplete/search" type="text" id="edit-keys" name="keys" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" placeholder="Search" /> <span class="field-suffix"><div class="voice-search-block"><img src="/modules/contrib/custom_voice_search/images/mic.png" /></div></span> </div> <input class="form-actions button js-form-submit form-submit" data-drupal-selector="edit-submit" type="submit" id="edit-submit--3" name="op" value="Search" /> <input autocomplete="off" data-drupal-selector="form-dzdvstauqq8-a3kcytqhbfmwocta0vxzy7fl4ik-s-k" type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-DZdVsTAuqQ8-a3kCYTqHbfmwoCtA0vxzY7fl4ik-s_k" /> <input data-drupal-selector="edit-ip-search-form" type="hidden" name="form_id" value="ip_search_form" /> </form> </div> </div> </header> <div class="container node-81068"> <main class="row add-mobile-margin" > <article class="col-sm-7"> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="system-breadcrumb" class="page-breadcrumb"> <h2 id="system-breadcrumb" class="visually-hidden">Breadcrumb</h2> <ol class="breadcrumb-navigation"> <li> <a href="/">Home</a> > </li> <li> Math & Science </li> </ol> </nav> <h1 class="page-title"><span>Math & Science</span> </h1> <section class = "main-section col-sm-12" id="mainaside"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <article data-history-node-id="81068"> <figure role="group"><picture><source srcset="/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/webp_image/public/inline-images/12-21.jpg.webp 1x" media="all and (min-width: 0em)" type="image/webp"><img alt="Math & Science" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="cedbbca8-afe8-46cf-9376-449899836efc" src="/sites/infoplease.com/files/inline-images/12-21.jpg" style="width: 100%;" width="1200" height="700" /></picture><figcaption><em>Marie Skłodowska Curie was the only person to win Nobel Prizes in two different sciences, Physics and Chemistry. </em></figcaption></figure><p>Math and science are two of the underpinnings of modern society. Every day we come into contact with hundreds of things influenced by (or made possible by) our scientific knowledge.</p> <div class="row" style="width: 100%;"> <div class="col-sm-6"> <h3><a href="/math-science/aviation"><strong>Aviation</strong></a></h3> <p>One of the most remarkable innovations of the last century has been human flight; trips that once took weeks overland can now be completed in a few hours, free from the confines of gravity. Learn more about different aviation records, Amelia Earhart's legacy, famous aircraft, the Wright brothers, and milestones in aviation</p> <h3><strong><a href="/math-science/awards">Awards</a></strong></h3> <p>Every year, organizations around the world recognize and reward bold innovations in different science fields. The most prestigious of all is the Nobel Prize, but there are many more awards given out to the scientists and mathematicians who help propel us into the future.</p> <h3><strong><a href="/math-science/biology">Biology</a></strong></h3> <p>Biology, the science of life, is an incredibly broad field. Biologists of different stripes study the human body, the animals we share our world with (and animals long since past)</p> <h3><strong><a href="/math-science/chemistry">Chemistry</a></strong></h3> <p>Chemistry is, at its most basic, the science of what stuff is made of and how it changes. Although related to physics, in that both sciences deal with matter, chemistry is most concerned with substances and how they interact with each other and with energy. </p> <h3><a href="/math-science/computers-internet"><strong>Computers & Internet</strong></a></h3> <p>If you're browsing our site, we're sure you know a thing or two about computers and the internet. But, there's a whole lot to learn about this relatively new technology. Computers have completely reshaped our society within a single human lifetime. The way people interact and learn is radically different from what it was even fifty years ago. Dive in and learn more about the brave new world of the world wide web.</p> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <h3><a href="/math-science/earth-environment"><strong>Earth & Environment</strong></a></h3> <p>Information about air pollutants, global warming, the greenhouse effect, world and U.S. energy consumption, oil reserves, animals, plants, and endangered species</p> <h3><a href="/math-science/health"><strong>Health</strong></a></h3> <p>Stats and facts about personal health, nutrition, fitness, disease, mortality, health insurance, H1N1, drug and alcohol use, and more</p> <h3><a href="/math-science/inventions-discoveries-0"><strong>Inventions & Discoveries</strong></a></h3> <p>Cloning, interactive periodic table, the chemical elements, table of geological periods, timeline of famous inventions</p> <h3><a href="/math-science/mathematics"><strong>Mathematics</strong></a></h3> <p>Mathematics, the study of numbers, is one of the great foundations of human innovation. Thousands of years ago Ancient Egyptians and Babylonians used math to calculate taxes and construct their monumental buildings—it has been indispensable to human society ever since. Today we use math to figure out everything from the lift on a jet plane to the amount of money in the global economy. Learn more about this fundamental science. </p> <h3><strong><a href="/math-science/physics">Physics</a></strong></h3> <p>Physics is the study of matter and energy—what everything is and how it behaves. Physics can overlap with chemistry, but rather than focusing on how stuff interacts and changes, physics is concerned with the basic properties of everything. From the rate at which the universe is expanding to the mass of a subatomic particle, physics explores the building blocks of our universe (and more). </p> <h3><a href="/math-science/space"><strong>Space</strong></a></h3> <p>A primer on the universe, astronomical measurements, details about the solar system, and NASA</p> <h3><a href="/math-science/weather"><strong>Weather</strong></a></h3> <p>Learn about meteorology; climate; weather disasters, including hurricanes, tornadoes, and lightning; extreme temperatures and precipitation, and more</p> <h3><a href="/math-science/weights-measures"><strong>Weights & Measures</strong></a></h3> <p>Conversion calculator, the metric system, U.S. customary system, currency converter, cooking measurement equivalents, sports measurements</p> </div> </div> <p class="cpalmreltitle">Related Almanac Sections</p> <table class="cpalmrellink" width="100%"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="25%"> <div class="cpalmrelchan1"><a href="/world"><strong>World</strong></a></div> <div><a href="/current-events">Current Events</a></div> <div><a href="/world/disasters">Disasters</a></div> <div><a href="/world/geography/geography-maps-country-information-distance-calculator">Geography</a></div> <div><a href="/world/monuments-landmarks">Structures & Buildings</a></div> <div><a href="/world/health-statistics">World Health Statistics</a></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="25%"> <div class="cpalmrelchan"><a href="/united-states"><strong>United States</strong></a></div> <div class="cpalmrellinkpad"><a href="/us/us-statistics">U.S. Statistics</a></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="25%"> <div class="cpalmrelchan"><a href="/biography"><strong>Biography</strong></a></div> <div class="cpalmrellinkpad"><a href="/biographies/arts-entertainment/architects">Architects</a></div> <div class="cpalmrellinkpad"><a href="/biographies/science-technology">Astronauts and Aviators</a></div> <div class="cpalmrellinkpad"><a href="/biographies/science-technology">Scientists</a></div> <div class="cpalmrellinkpad"><a href="/people/biographies-60">Mathematicians</a></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="25%"> <div class="cpalmrelchan"><a href="/society-and-culture"><strong>Society & Culture</strong></a></div> <div class="cpalmrellinkpad"><a href="/calendars/holidays">Calendar & Holidays</a></div> <div class="cpalmrellinkpad"><a href="/calendars/months-seasons">Seasons</a></div> </td> </tr></tbody></table><section class="main-section col-sm-8"><div class="cprelatedtitle">Related Content</div> <table><tbody><tr><td width="75"><a href="/encyclopedia-0"><img alt="Encyclopedia" border="0" height="49" hspace="0" src="/sites/default/files/i_infopls_com/images/ENCYicon.gif" vspace="0" width="67" loading="lazy" /></a></td> <td> <p><span class="cprelcontent">Encyclopedia: </span><a href="/math-science/health" title="Encyclopedia">Health</a> | <a href="/encyclopedia/science-and-technology" title="Encyclopedia">Science</a><br /><br /><a href="/encyclopedia">Search the entire Columbia Encyclopedia</a> for more topics.</p> </td> </tr></tbody></table> <table><tbody><tr><td width="75"><a href="/conversion-calculator"><img alt="Conversion Calculator" border="0" height="44" src="/sites/default/files/i_infopls_com/images/CONVERTicon.gif" width="52" loading="lazy" /></a></td> <td> <p><span class="cprelcontent">Conversion Calculator: </span><a href="/conversion-calculator">Convert length/distance, area, time, volume, and more</a></p> </td> </tr></tbody></table> <table><tbody><tr><td width="75"><a href="/math-science/chemistry/periodic-table-0"><img alt="Periodic Table of the Elements" border="0" height="34" src="/sites/default/files/i_infopls_com/images/PTicon63.gif" width="34" loading="lazy" /></a></td> <td> <div class="cprelateddescpad"><span class="cprelcontent">Periodic Table: </span><a href="/math-science/chemistry/periodic-table-0" title="">An interactive table of the chemical elements</a></div> <div class="cprelateddescpad"><span class="cprelcontent">Chemistry Place: </span><a href="/math-science/chemistry/the-chemistry-place" title="">Virtual chemistry labs and a glossary of chemical terms</a></div> </td> </tr></tbody></table> <table><tbody><tr><td width="75"><img alt="" border="0" height="55" hspace="0" src="/sites/default/files/i_infopls_com/images/DAicon_10.gif" vspace="0" width="37" loading="lazy" /></td> <td> <div class="cprelateddescpad"><span class="cprelcontent">Astronomical Calendar: </span><a href="/math-science/space/solar-system" title="">Sun, moon, and stars</a></div> <div class="cprelateddescpad"><span class="cprelcontent">Today's Weather Fact: </span><a href="/math-science/weather/costliest-heat-waves-1901-2013" title="A lot of snow, even for Buffalo">A lot of snow, even for Buffalo</a></div> </td> </tr></tbody></table> <table class="year-histiory"><tbody><tr><td width="75"><a href="/yearbyyear"><img alt="Year by Year" border="0" height="66" hspace="0" src="/sites/default/files/i_infopls_com/images/YxYicon.png" vspace="0" width="35" loading="lazy" /></a></td> <td> <form action="/year1.php" class="bdayformbottom" id="chronology" name="chronology" novalidate="novalidate"> <div class="cprelcontent"><a href="/yearbyyear">Year by Year: 1900–2014</a></div> <div>Enter a year and discover what happened!</div> <div><input maxlength="4" name="fourdigit" size="5" type="text" /><input class="c1 submit" title="Go" type="submit" value="Go" /></div> </form> </td> </tr></tbody></table> <table><tbody><tr><td width="75"><img alt="Archive" border="0" height="19" hspace="0" src="/sites/default/files/i_infopls_com/images/ARCHIVEicon.png" vspace="0" width="47" loading="lazy" /></td> <td> <p><span class="cprelcontent">Archives: </span><a href="/feature-archive">FEATURE</a> | <a href="/quizzes">QUIZ</a></p> </td> </tr></tbody></table></section><section class="main-aside col-sm-4"><div class="cprelatedtitle">Features</div> <div class="cpfeatureblock"> <div class="cpfeatureimg"><a href="/node/4633columbiacrew1.html"><img alt="Profiles of the Columbia Astronauts" border="0" height="70" src="/sites/default/files/i_infopls_com/images/sts107crewspot.gif" width="140" loading="lazy" /></a></div> <span class="cpfeaturelink"><a href="/math-science/space/profiles-of-the-columbia-astronauts">Profiles of the Columbia Astronauts</a></span> <div class="cpfeaturetag">Awards for digital packet switching to soft contact lenses</div> </div> <div class="cpfeatureblock"><span class="cpfeaturelink"><a href="/tuskegee-syphilis-experiment">The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment</a></span></div> <div class="cpfeatureblock"><a class="cpfeaturelabel" href="/take-quiz/great-inventions-minds">Quiz:</a><span class="cpfeaturelink"><a href="/take-quiz/great-inventions-minds">Great Inventions from Great Minds Quiz</a></span></div> </section> </article> <div class="views-element-container block" id="block-views-block-most-popular-block-3"> <div class="home-most-popular js-view-dom-id-db7ac46842fdf7965c8b6fd3e0c22b9f7b58dd99811d9d05109746ee496e635e"> <div class="view-header"> <center><h3 class="calender-year">Trending</h3><p>Here are the facts and trivia that people are buzzing about.</p></center> </div> <div class="item-list"> <ul> <li class="featured-item"><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"><a href="/culture-entertainment/holidays/chinese-new-year"><div class="popular-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/scale600w/public/2024-02/iStock-1910780177-min.jpg.webp 1x" media="all and (min-width: 0em)" type="image/webp"><img src="https://www.infoplease.com/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/scale600w/public/2024-02/iStock-1910780177-min.jpg?itok=HYVLQWma" alt="Chinese New Year" /></picture> </div></a></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/culture-entertainment/holidays/chinese-new-year">Chinese New Year History, Meaning, and Celebrations</a></span></div></li> <li class="featured-item"><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"><a href="/current-events/2024/february-current-events-this-week"><div class="popular-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/scale600w/public/2023-12/iStock-1477858506-min.jpg.webp 1x" media="all and (min-width: 0em)" type="image/webp"><img src="https://www.infoplease.com/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/scale600w/public/2023-12/iStock-1477858506-min.jpg?itok=LdygnQCq" alt="Current Events" /></picture> </div></a></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/current-events/2024/february-current-events-this-week">Current Events This Week: February 2024</a></span></div></li> <li class="featured-item"><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"><a href="/culture-entertainment/holidays/valentines-day"><div class="popular-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/scale600w/public/2024-02/iStock-1738694268-min.jpg.webp 1x" media="all and (min-width: 0em)" type="image/webp"><img src="https://www.infoplease.com/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/scale600w/public/2024-02/iStock-1738694268-min.jpg?itok=5beTApO_" alt="Valentine's Day" /></picture> </div></a></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/culture-entertainment/holidays/valentines-day">Valentine's Day</a></span></div></li> <li class="featured-item"><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"><a href="/culture-entertainment/holidays/valentines-day-history"><div class="popular-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/scale600w/public/2024-02/iStock-1638575281-min.jpg.webp 1x" media="all and (min-width: 0em)" type="image/webp"><img src="https://www.infoplease.com/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/scale600w/public/2024-02/iStock-1638575281-min.jpg?itok=j8FZTzK6" alt="Valentine's Day" /></picture> </div></a></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/culture-entertainment/holidays/valentines-day-history">Valentine's Day History</a></span></div></li> <li class="featured-item"><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"><a href="/culture-entertainment/holidays/mardi-gras"><div class="popular-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/scale600w/public/2024-02/iStock-1403265259-min.jpg.webp 1x" media="all and (min-width: 0em)" type="image/webp"><img src="https://www.infoplease.com/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/scale600w/public/2024-02/iStock-1403265259-min.jpg?itok=S1ZuVvV7" alt="Mardi Gras" /></picture> </div></a></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/culture-entertainment/holidays/mardi-gras">Mardi Gras</a></span></div></li> <li class="featured-item"><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"><a href="/culture-entertainment/journalism-literature/charlie-and-the-chocolate-factory-book-quotes"><div class="popular-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/scale600w/public/2024-02/iStock-881334186-min.jpg.webp 1x" media="all and (min-width: 0em)" type="image/webp"><img src="https://www.infoplease.com/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/scale600w/public/2024-02/iStock-881334186-min.jpg?itok=WFURXrTD" alt="Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" /></picture> </div></a></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/culture-entertainment/journalism-literature/charlie-and-the-chocolate-factory-book-quotes">30 "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" Quotes</a></span></div></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-globalcitepopup" class="block"> <div id="global-overlay"> <div class="global-overlay-content"><a class="global-close-overlay overlay-large-button" href="#">✖</a> <div class="global-message-window"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <div id="block-lockerdomeblock" class="block"> <div class="OUTBRAIN" data-src="https://www.infoplease.com/math-science" data-widget-id="GS_1"></div> <p> </p> </div> </article> <aside class="col-sm-5"> <div class="right-section" id="right-section"> <div class="views-element-container block" id="block-views-block-featured-quiz-block-2"> <div class="most-recent-quizzes js-view-dom-id-159c3072fa2b2db7f8722e7916cf9e997449d3b61fe57c3b6bbab5b8208c9090"> <div class="view-header"> <h2>MOST RECENT QUIZZES</h2> </div> <div class="most-recent-item-list"> <ol> <li class="most-recent-item"><a href="https://www.infoplease.com/quizzes/arts-and-culture/how-to-write-a-bibliography"> <div class="item-title">How to Write a Bibliography</div> </a></li> <li class="most-recent-item"><a href="https://www.infoplease.com/quizzes/geography/life-expectancy-around-the-world-quiz"> <div class="item-title">Life Expectancy Around the World Quiz</div> </a></li> <li class="most-recent-item"><a href="https://www.infoplease.com/quizzes/history/exploring-americas-historic-black-population"> <div class="item-title">Exploring America's Historic Black Population</div> </a></li> <li class="most-recent-item"><a href="https://www.infoplease.com/quizzes/math/reducing-fractions-to-lowest-terms"> <div class="item-title">Reducing Fractions to Lowest Terms</div> </a></li> <li class="most-recent-item"><a href="https://www.infoplease.com/quizzes/arts-and-culture/school-years-around-the-world"> <div class="item-title">School Years Around the World</div> </a></li> </ol> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-pwmedrect" class="block"> <div class="med-rect-ad-container"> <div class="creative" data-pw-desk="med_rect_atf" id="pwDeskMedRectAtf"> </div> <script> //<![CDATA[ window.ramp.que.push(function () { window.ramp.addTag("pwDeskMedRectAtf"); }) //]]> </script><div class="creative" data-pw-mobi="med_rect_btf" id="pwMobiMedRectBtf"> </div> <script> //<![CDATA[ window.ramp.que.push(function () { window.ramp.addTag("pwMobiMedRectBtf"); }) //]]> </script></div> </div> <div class="views-element-container block" id="block-views-block-content-recent-block-1"> <h2>Recent content</h2> <div class="js-view-dom-id-ae8d81d65442f20ae1f2c7a3b34c8cde1d22ddff1c79b1a6b576688158e6e06c"> <div class="item-list"> <ul> <li><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/current-events/2024/may-world-news">May Current Events 2024: World News</a></span></div></li> <li><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/current-events/2024">Current Events: 2024</a></span></div></li> <li><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/current-events/2024/april-us-news">April Current Events 2024: U.S. News</a></span></div></li> <li><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/current-events/2024/april-disaster-news">April Current Events 2024: Disaster News</a></span></div></li> <li><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/current-events/2024/april-science-technology-news">April Current Events 2024: Science & Technology News</a></span></div></li> <li><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/current-events/2024/march-us-news">March Current Events 2024: U.S. News</a></span></div></li> <li><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/current-events/2024/march-disaster-news">March Current Events 2024: Disaster News</a></span></div></li> <li><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/current-events/2024/march-science-technology-news">March Current Events 2024: Science & Technology News</a></span></div></li> <li><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/current-events/2024/october-current-events-this-week">Current Events This Week: October 2024</a></span></div></li> <li><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/current-events/2024/august-current-events-this-week">Current Events This Week: August 2024</a></span></div></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-currentevents" class="block"> <h2>Current Events</h2> <p>View captivating images and news briefs about critical government decisions, medical discoveries, technology breakthroughs, and more. From this page, you'll see news events organized chronologically by month and separated into four categories: World News, U.S. News, Disaster News, and Science & Technology News.</p> <p>We also collect a summary of each week's events, from one Friday to the next, so make sure you check back every week for fascinating updates on the world around to help keep you updated on the latest happenings from across the globe!</p> <p><a href="/current-events/2024" title="Current Events 2024">Current Events 2023</a></p> <p>Check out the November News and Events Here:</p> <ul><li><a href="/current-events/2024/january-world-news">World News</a></li> <li><a href="/current-events/2024/january-us-news">U.S. News</a></li> <li><a href="/current-events/2024/january-disaster-news">Disaster News</a></li> <li><a href="/current-events/2024/january-science-technology-news">Science & Technology News</a></li> <li><a href="/current-events/2024/january-current-events-this-week">Current Events This Week</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </aside> </main> </div> <footer> <div class="footer-inner"> <div id="block-copyrights" class="block"> <div class="col-8"> <div class="form-intro">Encouraging curious minds for <a href="/about-us">nearly a century</a>.</div> <form action="/search" class="search-area-wrap-footer" data-drupal-form-fields="searchquery,searchsubmit" method="GET"><input data-drupal-selector="searchquery" id="searchquery" name="searchquery" placeholder="Enter your search here?" type="text" /><input class="button js-form-submit form-submit" data-drupal-selector="searchsubmit" id="searchsubmit_footer" name="searchsubmit" type="submit" value="Search" /> </form> <div class="footer-logo"><a href="/"><picture><source srcset="/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/webp_image/public/inline-images/infoplease_white_logo_2.png.webp 1x" media="all and (min-width: 0em)" type="image/webp"><img alt="Infoplease logo" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="24fb0ad1-1218-4036-986f-f25a079dd027" src="/sites/infoplease.com/files/inline-images/infoplease_white_logo_2.png" width="141" height="27" /></picture></a></div> <div class="fe-site-info">Infoplease knows the value of having sources you can trust. Infoplease is a reference and learning site, combining the contents of an encyclopedia, a dictionary, an atlas and several almanacs loaded with facts. Our editors update and regularly refine this enormous body of information to bring you reliable information.</div> </div> <ul class="social list-unstyled" style="text-align:left;"><li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/InfoPleaseOfficial/"><img alt="Infoplease on Facebook" src="/sites/default/files/i_infopls_com/images/ip17_social_facebook_icon.png" style="height:23px;width:auto;" /></a></li> <li><a href="https://twitter.com/Info_Please"><img alt="Infoplease on Twitter" src="/sites/default/files/i_infopls_com/images/ip17_social_twitter_icon.png" style="height:19px;width:auto;" /></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.pinterest.com/infopleasecom"><img alt="Infoplease on Pinterest" src="/sites/default/files/i_infopls_com/images/ip17_social_pinterest_icon.png" style="height:23px;width:auto;" /></a></li> </ul><p><a href="http://www.playwire.com" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><img alt="Playwire" loading="lazy" src="https://www.playwire.com/hubfs/Powered-by-Playwire-Badges/Ads-Powered-by-playwire-2021-standalone-small-300px.png" style="width: 200px; display: block;" width="200" /></a></p> <p><a href="https://www.playwire.com/contact-direct-sales" rel="noopener">Advertise on this site.</a></p> </div> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-footer-2-menu" id="block-footer-2"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-footer-2-menu">Footer</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/about-us" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/167329">About Us</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about-us#Editorial%20Policy" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/167329">Editorial Policy</a> </li> <li> <a href="/advertising-infopleasecom" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/167396">Advertise with Infoplease</a> </li> <li> <a href="/privacy-policy" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/472446">Privacy Policy</a> </li> <li> <a href="/contact-support" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/479831">Contact Us</a> </li> <li> <a href="/terms-of-use" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/472456">Terms of Use</a> </li> <li> <a href="/citing-infoplease" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/167362">Citing Infoplease</a> </li> <li> <a href="/privacy/ip-do-not-sell-my-info" target="_self" rel="" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/475641">Do Not Sell My Info (for CA Residents)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/sources" target="_self" rel="" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/475691">Our Sources</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.bestteacherjob.com/company/infoplease-5f2c87acd657" target="_blank">Infoplease Jobs</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <div id="block-customcoresharecontentblock" class="block"> <div id="custom-core-share"> <ul class="share-buttons"> <li><a role=”button” title="Share this page to facebook" class="facebook"> <img src="/modules/custom/custom_core_common/images/facebook.svg" alt="facebook share icon"></a></li> <li><a role=”button” title="Share this page to twitter" class="twitter"><img src="/modules/custom/custom_core_common/images/twitter.svg" alt="twitter share icon"></a></li> <li><a role=”button” title="Google bookmark this page"class="gbookmark"> <img src="/modules/custom/custom_core_common/images/googlebookmarks.svg" alt="Google bookmark icon"></a></li> <li><a role=”button” title="Share this page to an email" class="email"> <img src="/modules/custom/custom_core_common/images/email.svg" alt="email share icon"></a></li> <li><a role=”button” title="Print this page" class="print"> <img src="/modules/custom/custom_core_common/images/print.svg" alt="Print page icon"></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="block-footerproducts" class="block"> <div class="fen-info"> <div class="fen-info-logo"><a href="https://sbxgroup.com/learning/" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank"><picture><source srcset="/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/webp_image/public/inline-images/sandbox-learning.png.webp 1x" media="all and (min-width: 0em)" type="image/webp"><img alt="sandbox learning logo" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="93a73b37-43a5-48eb-8d63-64bea56122b3" src="/sites/infoplease.com/files/inline-images/sandbox-learning.png" style="width:230px" width="1669" height="219" /></picture></a></div> <div class="fen-info-copy" style="clear:both;padding-left:0">Infoplease is part of the Sandbox Learning family of educational and reference sites for parents, teachers and students.</div> </div> <div><span class="fen-product fen-product-fm"><a href="https://www.factmonster.com" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><img alt="factmonster logo" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="052cbf24-649d-4d5e-a491-a1519884d056" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/factmonster_logo.png" /></a></span><span class="fen-product fen-product-fe"><a href="https://www.familyeducation.com" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><picture><source srcset="/sites/infoplease.com/files/styles/webp_image/public/inline-images/familyeducation_logo_1.png.webp 1x" media="all and (min-width: 0em)" type="image/webp"><img alt="familyeducation logo" src="/sites/infoplease.com/files/inline-images/familyeducation_logo_1.png" /></picture></a></span><span class="fen-product fen-product-tv"><a href="https://www.teachervision.com" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><img alt="TeacherVision logo" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="c73c57cb-e555-416f-9e47-dd93cd150a12" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/teachervision_logo.png" /></a></span></div> </div> </div> </footer> <div class="page-footer-bottom"> <div id="block-footerbottomsandbox" class="block"> <div class="sandbox-branding"><a href="https://sandboxandco.com"><img alt="sandbbox logo" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="696abfb6-fcf6-4f0d-ac1e-714bc8faaa4c" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/sandbox_logo.png" /></a></div> <div class="sandbox-copy" style="padding-top: 5px;">©2022 Sandbox Networks Inc. All rights reserved. Sandbox Learning is part of Sandbox & Co., a digital learning company.</div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","scriptPath":null,"pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/81068","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"ajaxPageState":{"libraries":"custom_core_common\/add-block-popup,custom_core_common\/share-content-block,custom_voice_search\/custom_voice_search,eu_cookie_compliance\/eu_cookie_compliance_default,filter\/caption,ip\/ckeditor-styling,ip\/global-styling,lazy_load\/lazy_load.lazyLoading,search_api_autocomplete\/search_api_autocomplete,system\/base,views\/views.module,we_megamenu\/form.we-mega-menu-frontend","theme":"ip","theme_token":null},"ajaxTrustedUrl":{"form_action_p_pvdeGsVG5zNF_XLGPTvYSKCf43t8qZYSwcfZl2uzM":true},"cloudinary":true,"eu_cookie_compliance":{"cookie_policy_version":"1.0.0","popup_enabled":false,"popup_agreed_enabled":false,"popup_hide_agreed":false,"popup_clicking_confirmation":true,"popup_scrolling_confirmation":false,"popup_html_info":false,"use_mobile_message":true,"mobile_popup_html_info":false,"mobile_breakpoint":768,"popup_html_agreed":false,"popup_use_bare_css":false,"popup_height":75,"popup_width":"100%","popup_delay":700,"popup_link":"\/privacy-policy","popup_link_new_window":true,"popup_position":false,"fixed_top_position":true,"popup_language":"en","store_consent":false,"better_support_for_screen_readers":false,"cookie_name":"","reload_page":false,"domain":"","domain_all_sites":false,"popup_eu_only":false,"popup_eu_only_js":false,"cookie_lifetime":100,"cookie_session":0,"set_cookie_session_zero_on_disagree":0,"disagree_do_not_show_popup":false,"method":"default","automatic_cookies_removal":true,"allowed_cookies":"","withdraw_markup":"\u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-tab\u0022\u003EPrivacy settings\u003C\/button\u003E\n\u003Cdiv aria-labelledby=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-banner\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info eu-cookie-compliance-content\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-message\u0022 role=\u0022document\u0022\u003E\n \u003Ch2\u003EWe use cookies on this site to enhance your user experience\u003C\/h2\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EYou have given your consent for us to set cookies.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-buttons\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-button \u0022\u003EWithdraw consent\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","withdraw_enabled":false,"reload_options":0,"reload_routes_list":"","withdraw_button_on_info_popup":false,"cookie_categories":[],"cookie_categories_details":[],"enable_save_preferences_button":true,"cookie_value_disagreed":"0","cookie_value_agreed_show_thank_you":"1","cookie_value_agreed":"2","containing_element":"body","settings_tab_enabled":false,"olivero_primary_button_classes":"","olivero_secondary_button_classes":"","close_button_action":"close_banner","open_by_default":false,"modules_allow_popup":true,"hide_the_banner":false,"geoip_match":true},"nodetype":"page","custom_voice_search":{"custom_voice_search":{"ids":[{"id":"search_api_page_block_form","input_id":"edit-keys"},{"id":"ip_search_form","input_id":"edit-keys"}]}},"custom_core_common":{"social_share":{"facebook_app_id":"140586622674265"}},"search_api_autocomplete":{"search":{"auto_submit":true}},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"2398e65c83ce42adf23bb1968a126a3566cc74cde17eb8b360e154334d1192ac"}}</script> <script src="/sites/infoplease.com/files/js/js_MAiZ9quCqdGbTEAyWQ_4OFMkDE-kZMKrLn-V9OEvGgU.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=ip&include=eJx1kFFuxCAMRC8E4SK9AzLgZGkAU2N2lZ5-IdH2K_3Bo2fkGU2C38MmgmDSRy1TfQ0Ry6ba0QSzcdBQeWI03z8d-VCxmi2Rg6SbHGn-PLdUPCrs1hPtEcfINUUY0NxBG3CFnkT53oSynSfmOlMxEIJ2ifyuK9Vep6HfMUQh_rN8Rnw1c75LptATqjUmQTYeqkQq6oU24wYZSzcrcV5eqCfQk-iVqQiW8PF_UhyhGgL7h7lhdznbAxi1Pw_JlfiqIg7CBdJyNWZ7vHjgXgetTBtjaxcUcA7cyH8ZWajRQhc6u0JB8w9_A8oArzc"></script> <script src="/sites/infoplease.com/files/js/js_Fsp_Lm6ma8nrPF8XFxa-L3H7mgHmUlL_Jo30Q1hj768.js?scope=footer&delta=1&language=en&theme=ip&include=eJx1kFFuxCAMRC8E4SK9AzLgZGkAU2N2lZ5-IdH2K_3Bo2fkGU2C38MmgmDSRy1TfQ0Ry6ba0QSzcdBQeWI03z8d-VCxmi2Rg6SbHGn-PLdUPCrs1hPtEcfINUUY0NxBG3CFnkT53oSynSfmOlMxEIJ2ifyuK9Vep6HfMUQh_rN8Rnw1c75LptATqjUmQTYeqkQq6oU24wYZSzcrcV5eqCfQk-iVqQiW8PF_UhyhGgL7h7lhdznbAxi1Pw_JlfiqIg7CBdJyNWZ7vHjgXgetTBtjaxcUcA7cyH8ZWajRQhc6u0JB8w9_A8oArzc"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/eu_cookie_compliance/js/eu_cookie_compliance.min.js?v=10.1.6" defer></script> <script src="/sites/infoplease.com/files/js/js_bzWupEBk0_n_8iI55DkyYYbySYim728CKwjI2dgs5bE.js?scope=footer&delta=3&language=en&theme=ip&include=eJx1kFFuxCAMRC8E4SK9AzLgZGkAU2N2lZ5-IdH2K_3Bo2fkGU2C38MmgmDSRy1TfQ0Ry6ba0QSzcdBQeWI03z8d-VCxmi2Rg6SbHGn-PLdUPCrs1hPtEcfINUUY0NxBG3CFnkT53oSynSfmOlMxEIJ2ifyuK9Vep6HfMUQh_rN8Rnw1c75LptATqjUmQTYeqkQq6oU24wYZSzcrcV5eqCfQk-iVqQiW8PF_UhyhGgL7h7lhdznbAxi1Pw_JlfiqIg7CBdJyNWZ7vHjgXgetTBtjaxcUcA7cyH8ZWajRQhc6u0JB8w9_A8oArzc"></script> <script async src="//cdn.intergient.com/ramp_core.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> Defer.js('https://widgets.outbrain.com/outbrain.js', 'outbrain', 4000); Defer(function() { OBR.extern.researchWidget(); }, 2600); </script> </body> </html>