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class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Zie ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zie_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Bibliografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " 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Beschikbaar in 52 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">52 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84" title="ريتشارد كرومويل – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ريتشارد كرومويل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84" title="ريتشارد كرومويل – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ريتشارد كرومويل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Рычард Кромвель – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рычард Кромвель" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Ричард Кромуел – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ричард Кромуел" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%AF%CF%84%CF%83%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BD%CF%84_%CE%9A%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B5%CE%BB" title="Ρίτσαρντ Κρόμγουελ – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρίτσαρντ Κρόμγουελ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84" title="ریچارد کرامول – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ریچارد کرامول" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A6%27%D7%A8%D7%93_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9C" title="ריצ'רד קרומוול – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ריצ'רד קרומוול" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="रिचर्ड क्रॉमवेल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रिचर्ड क्रॉमवेल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%83%A0%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AB" title="リチャード・クロムウェル – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リチャード・クロムウェル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A9%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93_%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="რიჩარდ კრომველი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რიჩარდ კრომველი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Ричард Кромвель – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ричард Кромвель" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EC%B2%98%EB%93%9C_%ED%81%AC%EB%A1%AC%EC%9B%B0" title="리처드 크롬웰 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="리처드 크롬웰" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richardus_Cromwell" title="Richardus Cromwell – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Richardus Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ri%C4%8Dards_Kromvels" title="Ričards Kromvels – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ričards Kromvels" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Ричард Кромвел – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ричард Кромвел" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="रिचर्ड क्रॉमवेल – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रिचर्ड क्रॉमवेल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C,_%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Кромвель, Ричард – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кромвель, Ричард" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="रिचर्ड क्रामवेल – Sanskriet" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="रिचर्ड क्रामवेल" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskriet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Ричард Кромвел – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ричард Кромвел" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94_%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C" title="ริชาร์ด ครอมเวลล์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ริชาร์ด ครอมเวลล์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Richard Cromwell" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a 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class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#eaeaea; color:inherit; text-align:center; font-size:120%;" colspan="3">Richard Cromwell </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="3">1626-1712 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:0;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Richard_Cromwell_(1626-1712),_by_Gerard_Soest.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Richard Cromwell (1626-1712) (Gerard Soest)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Richard_Cromwell_%281626-1712%29%2C_by_Gerard_Soest.jpg/266px-Richard_Cromwell_%281626-1712%29%2C_by_Gerard_Soest.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Richard_Cromwell_%281626-1712%29%2C_by_Gerard_Soest.jpg/399px-Richard_Cromwell_%281626-1712%29%2C_by_Gerard_Soest.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Richard_Cromwell_%281626-1712%29%2C_by_Gerard_Soest.jpg/532px-Richard_Cromwell_%281626-1712%29%2C_by_Gerard_Soest.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1295" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"><div style="font-size:90%">Richard Cromwell (1626-1712) (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerard_Soest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerard Soest (de pagina bestaat niet)">Gerard Soest</a>)</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#eaeaea; color:inherit;" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_Engelse_koningen" class="mw-redirect" title="Lijst van Engelse koningen">Lord protector van Engeland, Schotland en Ierland</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Periode </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/1658" title="1658">1658</a>-<a href="/wiki/1659" title="1659">1659</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Voorganger </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Opvolger </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Karel_II_van_Engeland" title="Karel II van Engeland">Karel II</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#eaeaea; color:inherit;" colspan="3"> </th></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Protectorate_(1653%E2%80%931659).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Protectorate_%281653%E2%80%931659%29.svg/150px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Protectorate_%281653%E2%80%931659%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Protectorate_%281653%E2%80%931659%29.svg/225px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Protectorate_%281653%E2%80%931659%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Protectorate_%281653%E2%80%931659%29.svg/300px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Protectorate_%281653%E2%80%931659%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1550" data-file-height="1550" /></a></span><br /><small>Wapen van Richard Cromwell als <i>Lord Protector</i></small> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Richard Cromwell</b> (<a href="/wiki/Huntingdon_(Cambridgeshire)" title="Huntingdon (Cambridgeshire)">Huntingdon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cambridgeshire" title="Cambridgeshire">Cambridgeshire</a>), <a href="/wiki/4_oktober" title="4 oktober">4 oktober</a> <a href="/wiki/1626" title="1626">1626</a> – <a href="/wiki/Cheshunt" title="Cheshunt">Cheshunt</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hertfordshire" title="Hertfordshire">Hertfordshire</a>), <a href="/wiki/12_juli" title="12 juli">12 juli</a> <a href="/wiki/1712" title="1712">1712</a>) was de derde zoon van <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a> en <i><a href="/wiki/Lord_Protector" title="Lord Protector">Lord Protector</a></i> van <a href="/wiki/Koninkrijk_Engeland" title="Koninkrijk Engeland">Engeland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Koninkrijk_Schotland" title="Koninkrijk Schotland">Schotland</a> en <a href="/wiki/Koninkrijk_Ierland" title="Koninkrijk Ierland">Ierland</a>. Zijn bewind duurde slechts acht maanden, van 3 september 1658 tot 24 mei 1659. </p><p>Richard was geen voor de hand liggende opvolger. Hij trad slechts op de voorgrond, omdat zijn oudere broers overleden vóór hun vader Oliver. Hoewel hij korte tijd in het parlement had gezeten, had hij weinig ervaring en ook weinig belangstelling voor de zaak. Hij gaf zijn positie dan ook zonder moeite op, nadat het leger daarop had aangedrongen.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cromwell ondertekende zijn ontslagbrief op 24 mei 1659. </p><p>In 1660 werd de verbannen koning <a href="/wiki/Karel_II_van_Engeland" title="Karel II van Engeland">Karel II</a> teruggeroepen. Richard werd niet, zoals zijn vader, verantwoordelijk gesteld voor de dood van <a href="/wiki/Karel_I_van_Engeland" title="Karel I van Engeland">Karel I</a>. Hij trok zich terug in de anonimiteit, ging in vrijwillige ballingschap op het vasteland onder de naam John Clarke, maar keerde in 1680 terug naar Engeland, waar hij de rest van zijn leven zou blijven. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zie_ook">Zie ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Cromwell&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zie ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Cromwell&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zie ook"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Engelse_Burgeroorlog" title="Engelse Burgeroorlog">Engelse Burgeroorlog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engelse_Gemenebest" title="Engelse Gemenebest">Engelse Gemenebest</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografie">Bibliografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Cromwell&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Bibliografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Cromwell&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Bibliografie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-english-interregnum-definition-history-quiz.html">The English Interregnum: Definition & History | Study.com</a>. <i>Study.com</i>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2018-03-26">26 maart 2018</span>. </span></span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard_Cromwell&oldid=60349411">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard_Cromwell&oldid=60349411</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorieën</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Engels_politicus" title="Categorie:Engels politicus">Engels politicus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Lid_van_het_Lagerhuis_(Verenigd_Koninkrijk)" title="Categorie:Lid van het Lagerhuis (Verenigd Koninkrijk)">Lid van het Lagerhuis (Verenigd Koninkrijk)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Staatshoofd" title="Categorie:Staatshoofd">Staatshoofd</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 15 nov 2021 om 12:33.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a>, er kunnen aanvullende voorwaarden van toepassing zijn. 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