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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">John Chafee</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%86%D9%81%DB%8C" title="جان چفی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جان چفی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Chafee" title="John Chafee – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="John Chafee" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%86%D9%81%DB%8C" title="جان چفی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جان چفی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Chafee" title="John Chafee – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="John Chafee" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lester_Hubbard_Chafee" title="John Lester Hubbard Chafee – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="John Lester Hubbard Chafee" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%A6%27%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%99" title="ג'ון צ'ייפי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'ון צ'ייפי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Chafee" title="John Chafee – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="John Chafee" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%89" title="جون تشافى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جون تشافى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%81%E3%82%A7%E3%82%A4%E3%83%95%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC" title="ジョン・チェイフィー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジョン・チェイフィー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%84%D0%B8,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Чейфи, Джон – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Чейфи, Джон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Chafee" title="John Chafee – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="John Chafee" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Chafee" title="John Chafee – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="John Chafee" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%84%D1%96" title="Джон Чейфі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джон Чейфі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E6%9F%A5%E8%8F%B2" title="约翰·查菲 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="约翰·查菲" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22John+Chafee%22">"John Chafee"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22John+Chafee%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22John+Chafee%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22John+Chafee%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22John+Chafee%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22John+Chafee%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">John Chafee</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Chafee.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/John_Chafee.jpg/220px-John_Chafee.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="278" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/John_Chafee.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="379" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />December 29, 1976 – October 24, 1999</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Pastore" title="John Pastore">John Pastore</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Chafee" title="Lincoln Chafee">Lincoln Chafee</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Environment_and_Public_Works" title="United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works">Senate Environment Committee</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 4, 1995 – October 24, 1999</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Max_Baucus" title="Max Baucus">Max Baucus</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Smith_(New_Hampshire_politician)" title="Bob Smith (New Hampshire politician)">Bob Smith</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">60th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Secretary of the Navy">United States Secretary of the Navy</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 31, 1969 – May 4, 1972</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ignatius" title="Paul Ignatius">Paul Ignatius</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Warner" title="John Warner">John Warner</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">66th <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Rhode_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Rhode Island">Governor of Rhode Island</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 1, 1963 – January 7, 1969</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Lieutenant</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Edward_P._Gallogly" title="Edward P. Gallogly">Edward P. Gallogly</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Folcarelli" title="Giovanni Folcarelli">Giovanni Folcarelli</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Joseph_O%27Donnell_Jr." title="Joseph O'Donnell Jr.">Joseph O'Donnell</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_A._Notte_Jr." title="John A. Notte Jr.">John Notte</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Licht" title="Frank Licht">Frank Licht</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">John Lester Hubbard Chafee</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1922-10-22</span>)</span>October 22, 1922<br /><a href="/wiki/Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="Providence, Rhode Island">Providence, Rhode Island</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">October 24, 1999<span style="display:none">(1999-10-24)</span> (aged 77)<br /><a href="/wiki/Bethesda,_Maryland" title="Bethesda, Maryland">Bethesda, Maryland</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Virginia Coates</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">6, including <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Chafee" title="Lincoln Chafee">Lincoln</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Laws" title="Bachelor of Laws">LLB</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom" title="Presidential Medal of Freedom">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Military service</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Branch/service</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="5940" data-file-height="4680" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">United States Marine Corps</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1942–1945<br />1951–1953</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Marine_O3_shoulderboard.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/US_Marine_O3_shoulderboard.svg/25px-US_Marine_O3_shoulderboard.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/US_Marine_O3_shoulderboard.svg/38px-US_Marine_O3_shoulderboard.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/US_Marine_O3_shoulderboard.svg/50px-US_Marine_O3_shoulderboard.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="92" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Captain_(United_States_O-3)" title="Captain (United States O-3)">Captain</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Battles/wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guadalcanal_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Guadalcanal Campaign">Guadalcanal Campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Okinawa" title="Battle of Okinawa">Battle of Okinawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chosin_Reservoir" title="Battle of Chosin Reservoir">Battle of Chosin Reservoir</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage listen-center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Sen._John_Chafee_Speaks_on_the_Safe_Drinking_Water_Act_Amendments_of_1996.ogg" title="File:Sen. John Chafee Speaks on the Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1996.ogg">John Chafee's voice</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="1081" data-mwtitle="Sen._John_Chafee_Speaks_on_the_Safe_Drinking_Water_Act_Amendments_of_1996.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dc/Sen._John_Chafee_Speaks_on_the_Safe_Drinking_Water_Act_Amendments_of_1996.ogg/Sen._John_Chafee_Speaks_on_the_Safe_Drinking_Water_Act_Amendments_of_1996.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Sen._John_Chafee_Speaks_on_the_Safe_Drinking_Water_Act_Amendments_of_1996.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">Chafee, as chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Environment_and_Public_Works" title="United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works">Senate Environment Committee</a>, speaks on <a href="/wiki/Safe_Drinking_Water_Act#1996_SDWA_amendments" title="Safe Drinking Water Act">amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act</a><br />Recorded November 29, 1995</div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>John Lester Hubbard Chafee</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/tʃ/: 'ch' in 'China'">tʃ</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="'f' in 'find'">f</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">CHAY</span>-fee</i></a>; October 22, 1922 – October 24, 1999) was an American politician and officer in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">United States Marine Corps</a>. A member of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a>, he served as the 66th <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Rhode_Island" title="Governor of Rhode Island">Governor of Rhode Island</a>, as the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Secretary of the Navy">Secretary of the Navy</a>, and as a <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_family">Early life and family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Chafee&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chafee was born in <a href="/wiki/Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="Providence, Rhode Island">Providence, Rhode Island</a>, to a politically active family. He was the son of Janet Melissa (née Hunter) and John Sharpe Chafee.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His great-grandfather, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Lippitt" title="Henry Lippitt">Henry Lippitt</a>, was <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Rhode_Island" title="Governor of Rhode Island">governor of Rhode Island</a> (1875–1877), and among his great-uncles were a Rhode Island governor, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Warren_Lippitt" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Warren Lippitt">Charles Warren Lippitt</a>, and United States Senator <a href="/wiki/Henry_Frederick_Lippitt" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Frederick Lippitt">Henry Frederick Lippitt</a>. His uncle, <a href="/wiki/Zechariah_Chafee" title="Zechariah Chafee">Zechariah Chafee</a>, was a <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Law_School" title="Harvard Law School">Harvard law</a> professor, and a notable <a href="/wiki/Civil_liberties" title="Civil liberties">civil libertarian</a>. His cousin was <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Lippitt" title="Frederick Lippitt">Frederick Lippitt</a>, former House Minority Leader for the <a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island_House_of_Representatives" title="Rhode Island House of Representatives">Rhode Island House of Representatives</a>. He had two daughters and four sons, one of whom is former <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Rhode_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Rhode Island">Rhode Island Governor</a> and former United States Senator <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Chafee" title="Lincoln Chafee">Lincoln Chafee</a>. One of his daughters, Tribbie, died following an accident at a horse show in October 1968 at the age of 14. His eldest child, John H. Chafee, is a UCLA alumnus. </p><p>John Chafee graduated from a <a href="/wiki/Coeducation" class="mw-redirect" title="Coeducation">coeducational</a> primary school, Providence's <a href="/wiki/Gordon_School" title="Gordon School">Gordon School</a>, in 1931 and then attended <a href="/wiki/Providence_Country_Day_School" title="Providence Country Day School">Providence Country Day School</a>. In 1940, he graduated from <a href="/wiki/Deerfield_Academy" title="Deerfield Academy">Deerfield Academy</a> in <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chafee was an <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_(United_States)" title="Episcopal Church (United States)">Episcopalian</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marine_Corps_service">Marine Corps service</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Chafee&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Marine Corps service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chafee was in his third year as an undergraduate at <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> when <a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor" title="Attack on Pearl Harbor">the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He interrupted his undergraduate studies and enlisted in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> spending his 20th birthday fighting on the island of <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guadalcanal" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Guadalcanal">Guadalcanal</a> from August 8 until November 1942, when the <a href="/wiki/1st_Marine_Division_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="1st Marine Division (United States)">First Marine Division</a> was relieved. After receiving his commission as a <a href="/wiki/Second_lieutenant" title="Second lieutenant">second lieutenant</a>, he fought in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Okinawa" title="Battle of Okinawa">Battle of Okinawa</a> in the spring of 1945. </p><p>Following the war, he received degrees from <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> in 1947 and <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Law_School" title="Harvard Law School">Harvard Law School</a> in 1950. At Yale, he was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Delta_Kappa_Epsilon" title="Delta Kappa Epsilon">Delta Kappa Epsilon</a> (Phi chapter) and <a href="/wiki/Skull_and_Bones" title="Skull and Bones">Skull and Bones</a> fraternities. In 1951, he was recalled to active service to be a Marine rifle company commander during the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a> with Dog Company, <a href="/wiki/2nd_Battalion,_7th_Marines" title="2nd Battalion, 7th Marines">2nd Battalion, 7th Marines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Author <a href="/wiki/James_Brady_(columnist)" title="James Brady (columnist)">James Brady</a> in his memoir of the Korean War and serving as a Marine under Chafee writes: "Nowhere, at any time, did John Chafee serve more nobly than he did as a Marine officer commanding a rifle company in the mountains of North Korea." and that "He was the only truly great man I've yet met in my life..."<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chafee's military awards include three awards of the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Unit_Citation_(United_States)" title="Presidential Unit Citation (United States)">Presidential Unit Citation</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal" class="mw-redirect" title="Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal">Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal</a>, the <a href="/wiki/World_War_II_Victory_Medal" title="World War II Victory Medal">World War II Victory Medal</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Korean_Service_Medal" title="Korean Service Medal">Korean Service Medal</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Korea_Medal" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Korea Medal">United Nations Korea Medal</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_political_career">Early political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Chafee&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chafee became active in behind-the-scenes Rhode Island politics by helping elect a <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="List of mayors of Providence, Rhode Island">mayor</a> of <a href="/wiki/Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="Providence, Rhode Island">Providence</a> in the early 1950s. He successfully ran for a seat in the <a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island_House_of_Representatives" title="Rhode Island House of Representatives">Rhode Island House of Representatives</a> in 1956 and later became the minority leader. He was re-elected in 1958 and 1960, the latter a year when many <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republicans</a> were swept from office in his state. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governor_of_Rhode_Island">Governor of Rhode Island</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Chafee&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Governor of Rhode Island"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RI_Governor_John_Chafee_official_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/RI_Governor_John_Chafee_official_portrait.jpg/220px-RI_Governor_John_Chafee_official_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="337" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/RI_Governor_John_Chafee_official_portrait.jpg/330px-RI_Governor_John_Chafee_official_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/RI_Governor_John_Chafee_official_portrait.jpg/440px-RI_Governor_John_Chafee_official_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2775" data-file-height="4248" /></a><figcaption>Official portrait in the <a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island_State_House" title="Rhode Island State House">Rhode Island State House</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Chafee was elected governor in <a href="/wiki/1962_Rhode_Island_gubernatorial_election" title="1962 Rhode Island gubernatorial election">1962</a>, defeating Democratic incumbent <a href="/wiki/John_A._Notte_Jr." title="John A. Notte Jr.">John A. Notte Jr.</a> The election was notable for being one of the narrowest in Rhode Island history, Chafee received 50.06% of the vote to Notte's 49.94%, winning by a margin of just 0.12%. However, Chafee quickly became popular with both Rhode Island's Republicans and Democrats, allowing him to win re-election by margins of almost 2-to-1 in 1964 and 1966. The 1964 victory made Chafee one of the few bright spots in a disastrous year for Republicans nationally; <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_Johnson" class="mw-redirect" title="Lyndon Johnson">Lyndon Johnson</a> carried the state with an unheard-of 83 percent of the vote. </p><p>As governor, Chafee helped create the state's public transportation administration as well as what was known as the Green Acres program, a conservation effort. In 1968, he served as chair of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Governors_Association" title="Republican Governors Association">Republican Governors Association</a>. He served as governor until 1969, when he was surprisingly defeated by underdog <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrat</a> <a href="/wiki/Frank_Licht" title="Frank Licht">Frank Licht</a>. Reasons ascribed for the defeat include the fact that, after running three times on a strong anti-income tax platform, Chafee now said that such a tax was imperative (indeed his anti-tax opponent went on to champion one in 1971);<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and that he stopped campaigning after his daughter was killed.<sup id="cite_ref-wrmea_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wrmea-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Secretary_of_the_Navy">Secretary of the Navy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Chafee&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Secretary of the Navy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was appointed <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Secretary of the Navy">Secretary of the Navy</a> in 1969 by <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>. Chafee's tenure as secretary was marked by a willingness to make bold decisions and stand by them. Emblematic of this was his decision to elevate Admiral <a href="/wiki/Elmo_Zumwalt" title="Elmo Zumwalt">Elmo Zumwalt</a> as <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Naval_Operations" title="Chief of Naval Operations">Chief of Naval Operations</a> over 33 more senior officers, and his judicious handling of the <a href="/wiki/USS_Pueblo_(AGER-2)" title="USS Pueblo (AGER-2)">USS <i>Pueblo</i></a> situation, in which <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korean</a> forces, during the previous administration, had boarded and captured a navy intelligence ship. His action as Secretary of the Navy that is most clearly remembered is his disapproval of the recommendation to <a href="/wiki/Court_martial" class="mw-redirect" title="Court martial">court martial</a> <a href="/wiki/Commander_(rank)" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander (rank)">Commander</a> <a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Bucher" class="mw-redirect" title="Lloyd Bucher">Lloyd Bucher</a>, the commanding officer of the <i>Pueblo</i>, once the release of the crew had been secured. Because it was clear that the guilt clearly rested on the North Koreans and not Bucher or the sailors on the <i>Pueblo</i>, Chafee stated that "Bucher and his men have suffered enough", and that a court martial would only add insult to injury. He served as Secretary of the Navy until 1972, when he resigned to run for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">U.S. Senate</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="United_States_Senator">United States Senator</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Chafee&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: United States Senator"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After an unsuccessful candidacy for the Senate in 1972 against <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> incumbent <a href="/wiki/Claiborne_Pell" title="Claiborne Pell">Claiborne Pell</a>, Chafee was elected to that body in <a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_Senate_election_in_Rhode_Island" title="1976 United States Senate election in Rhode Island">1976</a> to succeed retiring Democrat <a href="/wiki/John_Pastore" title="John Pastore">John Pastore</a>. He was the first Republican to win a Rhode Island Senate election since <a href="/wiki/1930_United_States_Senate_elections#Rhode_Island" title="1930 United States Senate elections">1930</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-projo_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-projo-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He joined the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Senate_Committee_on_Environment_and_Public_Works" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works">Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works</a> in 1977 and made environmental matters a chief concern, often breaking with his party to the delight of conservation groups. He chaired that committee during his last term in office, from 1995 to 1999. As a result of his work, Chafee was a recipient of the Lady Bird Johnson Environmental Award. </p><p>Among the bills Chafee fostered while in the minority was the <a href="/wiki/Clean_Water_Act" title="Clean Water Act">Clean Water Act</a> of 1986, and the 1990 amendments to the <a href="/wiki/Clean_Air_Act_(United_States)" title="Clean Air Act (United States)">Clean Air Act</a>. He also was an architect of the 1980 <a href="/wiki/CERCLA" class="mw-redirect" title="CERCLA">Superfund program</a> to clean up <a href="/wiki/Hazardous_waste" title="Hazardous waste">hazardous waste</a> sites as well as the <a href="/wiki/Oil_Pollution_Act_of_1990" title="Oil Pollution Act of 1990">Oil Pollution Act of 1990</a>. Chafee authored the <a href="/wiki/Coastal_Barrier_Resources_Act" title="Coastal Barrier Resources Act">Coastal Barrier Resources Act</a> of 1982, establishing the Coastal Barrier Resources System (CBRS). Upon Chafee's death in 1999, the CBRS was renamed the John H. Chafee Coastal Barrier Resources System. </p><p>Like most Republicans from New England, Chafee's voting record was moderate to liberal. He was <a href="/wiki/Pro-choice" class="mw-redirect" title="Pro-choice">pro-choice</a> on abortion and supported the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="North American Free Trade Agreement">North American Free Trade Agreement</a>. He took a moderate stance on taxes and government assistance to the needy. He opposed the death penalty, school prayer, and the ban on homosexuals serving in the military. Chafee was one of the few Republicans to support strict gun control laws. He sponsored a bill that, if passed, would have prohibited the "manufacture, importation, exportation, sale, purchase, transfer, receipt, possession, or transportation of handguns and hand ammunition." Chafee voted in favor of the <a href="/wiki/Passage_of_Martin_Luther_King_Jr._Day" title="Passage of Martin Luther King Jr. Day">bill</a> establishing <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr._Day" title="Martin Luther King Jr. Day">Martin Luther King Jr. Day</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Federal_holidays_in_the_United_States" title="Federal holidays in the United States">federal holiday</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Restoration_Act_of_1987" title="Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987">Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987</a> (as well as to override <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">President Reagan</a>'s veto).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chafee voted in favor of the nomination of <a href="/wiki/William_Rehnquist" title="William Rehnquist">William Rehnquist</a> as <a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_United_States" title="Chief Justice of the United States">Chief Justice of the United States</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Clarence_Thomas_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Clarence Thomas Supreme Court nomination">nomination of Clarence Thomas</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">U.S. Supreme Court</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but voted against the <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bork_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Robert Bork Supreme Court nomination">nomination of Robert Bork</a>. </p><p>During the late 1980s and 1990s, Senator Chafee became an advocate for improving the U.S. health care system. He supported legislation to expand <a href="/wiki/Medicaid" title="Medicaid">Medicaid</a> coverage for low-income children and pregnant women, sponsored legislation to expand the availability of home and community-based services for persons with disabilities, and worked to enact legislation to establish Federally Qualified Health Centers. In 1992, he was appointed chairman of the Senate Republican Task Force on Health, and he worked to develop a consensus among Republicans on health care. In 1993, he joined with Democratic Louisiana Senator <a href="/wiki/John_Breaux" title="John Breaux">John Breaux</a> to form the Senate Mainstream Coalition, a coalition of six Democratic and six Republican senators seeking bipartisan consensus on health reform. He sponsored legislation that increased funds to states to assist youths in making the transition from foster care to independent living; recognized the need for special help for youths ages 18 to 21 who have left foster care; offered states greater flexibility in designing their independent living programs; and, established accountability for states in implementing independent living programs. As a testimonial to the late Senator Chafee, the program is now entitled the <a href="/wiki/Foster_Care_Independence_Act" title="Foster Care Independence Act">John H. Chafee Foster Care Independence Program</a>. </p><p>Chafee sat on the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Senate_Select_Committee_on_Intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Senate Select Committee on Intelligence">U.S. Senate Select Committee on Intelligence</a> and was chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_Finance_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Finance Committee">Senate Finance Committee</a>'s <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Finance_Subcommittee_on_Health_Care" title="United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on Health Care">Subcommittee on Health Care</a>, but his biggest imprint was on environmental concerns. He also served in his party's leadership, chairing the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Conference_Chairman_of_the_United_States_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Conference Chairman of the United States Senate">Senate Republican Conference</a> from 1985 to 1990. </p><p>On February 12, 1999, Chafee voted against both articles of <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment of Bill Clinton">impeachment</a> against President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>. </p><p>On March 15, 1999, Chafee announced he would not seek re-election in <a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_Senate_election_in_Rhode_Island" title="2000 United States Senate election in Rhode Island">2000</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 1999, less than two weeks before his death, Chafee was one of four Senate Republicans to vote in favor of the <a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_Test_Ban_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty">Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty</a>. The treaty was designed to ban underground nuclear testing and was the first major international security pact to be defeated in the Senate since the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Versailles" title="Treaty of Versailles">Treaty of Versailles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His last major act was authoring and sponsoring the Transportation Equity Act for the 21st century, which authorized funding for transportation programs for the next six years.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Chafee&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On October 24, 1999, around seven months after Chafee announced his retirement from the Senate, he died from <a href="/wiki/Heart_failure" title="Heart failure">heart failure</a> at the <a href="/wiki/National_Naval_Medical_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="National Naval Medical Center">National Naval Medical Center</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bethesda,_Maryland" title="Bethesda, Maryland">Bethesda, Maryland</a>, two days after his 77th birthday. President Clinton eulogized him, saying, "He embodied the decent center. For him, civility was not simply a matter of personal manners. He believed it was essential to the preservation of our democratic system."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chafee was succeeded in the Senate by his son, <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Chafee" title="Lincoln Chafee">Lincoln</a>, who went on to win a full term in his own right in 2000. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Chafee&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/USS_Chafee_(DDG-90)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Chafee (DDG-90)">USS <i>Chafee</i> (DDG-90)</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Blackstone_Valley" title="Blackstone Valley">John H. Chafee Blackstone River Valley National Heritage Corridor</a> and the <a href="/wiki/John_H._Chafee_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="John H. Chafee National Wildlife Refuge">John H. Chafee National Wildlife Refuge</a> were named in his honor. </p><p>Bryant University in Smithfield, Rhode Island named its World Trade Center on campus after John H. Chafee for his continuing support for global trade and his association with the university. </p><p>The Chafee Social Science Center at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Rhode_Island" title="University of Rhode Island">University of Rhode Island</a> is named in his honor. It is the tallest building in southern Rhode Island. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Foster_Care_Independence_Act" title="Foster Care Independence Act">Foster Care Independence Act of 1999</a>, passed on November 23, 1999, after his death, is known as the John H. Chafee Foster Care Independence Program. The programs are administered at the state level by Social Service Agencies. One such program, in example, is the <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_LINKS_Program" title="North Carolina LINKS Program">North Carolina Links program</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Chafee&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Awards and honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom" title="Presidential Medal of Freedom">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a> (posthumous) (2000)<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Navy <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Unit_Citation_(United_States)" title="Presidential Unit Citation (United States)">Presidential Unit Citation</a> (Three awards – <a href="/wiki/Guadalcanal_campaign" title="Guadalcanal campaign">Guadalcanal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Okinawa_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Okinawa campaign">Okinawa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chosin_Reservoir" class="mw-redirect" title="Chosin Reservoir">Chosin Reservoir</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_Action_Ribbon" title="Combat Action Ribbon">Combat Action Ribbon</a> with gold star</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Campaign_Medal" title="American Campaign Medal">American Campaign Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal" class="mw-redirect" title="Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal">Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal</a> with two campaign stars</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_Two_Victory_Medal" class="mw-redirect" title="World War Two Victory Medal">World War Two Victory Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Service_Medal" title="National Defense Service Medal">National Defense Service Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Service_Medal" title="Korean Service Medal">Korean Service Medal</a> with two campaign stars</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Presidential_Unit_Citation" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean Presidential Unit Citation">Korean Presidential Unit Citation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Service_Medal" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Service Medal">United Nations Service Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Defense_Service_Medal" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean Defense Service Medal">Korean Defense Service Medal</a></li> <li>Audubon Medal (<a href="/wiki/National_Audubon_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="National Audubon Society">National Audubon Society</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>A bronze statue of Chafee was erected in <a href="/wiki/Colt_State_Park" title="Colt State Park">Colt State Park</a>, overlooking <a href="/wiki/Narragansett_Bay" title="Narragansett Bay">Narragansett Bay</a>, in 2003<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Chafee&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_famous_U.S._Marines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of famous U.S. Marines">List of famous U.S. Marines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Republican" title="Rockefeller Republican">Rockefeller Republican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Congress_members_who_died_in_office_(1950%E2%80%9399)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Congress members who died in office (1950–99)">List of United States Congress members who died in office (1950–99)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_American_Legion" title="List of members of the American Legion">List of members of the American Legion</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Chafee&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Chafee&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110810204809/http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~battle/senators/chafee.htm">"1"</a>. <i>freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~battle/senators/chafee.htm">the original</a> on August 10, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com&rft.atitle=1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffreepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com%2F~battle%2Fsenators%2Fchafee.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Chafee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fultonhistory.com/Newspapers%20Disk3/Watertown%20Times/Watertown%20NY%20Daily%20Times%201967%20Oct%20Grayscale.pdf/Watertown%20NY%20Daily%20Times%201967%20Oct%20Grayscale%20-%200151.pdf">"Boyden, Deerfield Headmaster 66 Years, Will Retire in June"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Fulton History<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 10,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Boyden%2C+Deerfield+Headmaster+66+Years%2C+Will+Retire+in+June&rft.pub=Fulton+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffultonhistory.com%2FNewspapers%2520Disk3%2FWatertown%2520Times%2FWatertown%2520NY%2520Daily%2520Times%25201967%2520Oct%2520Grayscale.pdf%2FWatertown%2520NY%2520Daily%2520Times%25201967%2520Oct%2520Grayscale%2520-%25200151.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Chafee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://episcopalarchives.org/cgi-bin/ENS/ENSpress_release.pl?pr_number=93146">"Episcopal News Service: Press Release # 93146"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Episcopal+News+Service%3A+Press+Release+%23+93146&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fepiscopalarchives.org%2Fcgi-bin%2FENS%2FENSpress_release.pl%3Fpr_number%3D93146&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Chafee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolman1999" class="citation news cs1">Holman, Kwame (October 25, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000125231413/http://www1.pbs.org/newshour/bb/remember/july-dec99/chafee_10-25.html">"A Voice of Moderation; Remembering long-time Senator John Chafee of Rhode Island"</a>. <i>Online Newshour</i>. PBS. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/remember/july-dec99/chafee_10-25.html">the original</a> on January 25, 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 24,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Online+Newshour&rft.atitle=A+Voice+of+Moderation%3B+Remembering+long-time+Senator+John+Chafee+of+Rhode+Island&rft.date=1999-10-25&rft.aulast=Holman&rft.aufirst=Kwame&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fnewshour%2Fbb%2Fremember%2Fjuly-dec99%2Fchafee_10-25.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Chafee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1999/10/30/chafee.funeral.02/index.html">"Funeral held for Rhode Island Sen. John Chafee"</a>. CNN. October 30, 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 24,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Funeral+held+for+Rhode+Island+Sen.+John+Chafee&rft.date=1999-10-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2FALLPOLITICS%2Fstories%2F1999%2F10%2F30%2Fchafee.funeral.02%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Chafee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brady <i>The Scariest Place in the World</i>, p. 60.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brady, James, <i>The Coldest War: A Memoir of Korea</i> P. 120, 134</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uri.edu/library/special_collections/registers/political_papers/chafee/historical.html">Historical Note</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wrmea-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wrmea_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wrmea.com/backissues/1299/9912053.html">"In Memoriam: Senator John H. Chafee (1922–1999) – 1999 December – WRMEA"</a>. <i>www.wrmea.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.wrmea.com&rft.atitle=In+Memoriam%3A+Senator+John+H.+Chafee+%281922%E2%80%931999%29+%E2%80%93+1999+December+%E2%80%93+WRMEA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wrmea.com%2Fbackissues%2F1299%2F9912053.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Chafee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-projo-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-projo_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMulligan,_John_E.1999" class="citation news cs1">Mulligan, John E. (October 26, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20001026150008/http://projo.com/words/stor1229.htm">"R.I.'s senior senator dies from heart failure"</a>. <i>Providence Journal</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://projo.com/words/stor1229.htm">the original</a> on October 26, 2000.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Providence+Journal&rft.atitle=R.I.%27s+senior+senator+dies+from+heart+failure&rft.date=1999-10-26&rft.au=Mulligan%2C+John+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fprojo.com%2Fwords%2Fstor1229.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Chafee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRudin2006" class="citation web cs1">Rudin, Ken (September 13, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6070101">"A Super Tuesday for Lincoln Chafee"</a>. <i>NPR</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=A+Super+Tuesday+for+Lincoln+Chafee&rft.date=2006-09-13&rft.aulast=Rudin&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Ftemplates%2Fstory%2Fstory.php%3FstoryId%3D6070101&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Chafee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/98-1983/s293">"TO PASS H.R. 3706. (MOTION PASSED) SEE NOTE(S) 19"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TO+PASS+H.R.+3706.+%28MOTION+PASSED%29+SEE+NOTE%28S%29+19.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.govtrack.us%2Fcongress%2Fvotes%2F98-1983%2Fs293&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Chafee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/100-1988/s432">"TO PASS S 557, CIVIL RIGHTS RESTORATION ACT, A BILL TO RESTORE THE BROAD COVERAGE AND CLARIFY FOUR CIVIL RIGHTS LAWS BY PROVIDING THAT IF ONE PART OF AN INSTITUTION IS FEDERALLY FUNDED, THEN THE ENTIRE INSTITUTION MUST NOT DISCRIMINATE"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TO+PASS+S+557%2C+CIVIL+RIGHTS+RESTORATION+ACT%2C+A+BILL+TO+RESTORE+THE+BROAD+COVERAGE+AND+CLARIFY+FOUR+CIVIL+RIGHTS+LAWS+BY+PROVIDING+THAT+IF+ONE+PART+OF+AN+INSTITUTION+IS+FEDERALLY+FUNDED%2C+THEN+THE+ENTIRE+INSTITUTION+MUST+NOT+DISCRIMINATE.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.govtrack.us%2Fcongress%2Fvotes%2F100-1988%2Fs432&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Chafee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/100-1988/s487">"TO ADOPT, OVER THE PRESIDENT'S VETO OF S 557, CIVIL RIGHTS RESTORATION ACT, A BILL TO RESTORE BROAD COVERAGE OF FOUR CIVIL RIGHTS LAWS BY DECLARING THAT IF ONE PART OF AN INSTITUTION RECEIVES FEDERAL FUNDS, THEN THE ENTIRE INSTITUTION MUST NOT DISCRIMINATE. TWO-THIRDS OF THE SENATE, HAVING VOTED IN THE AFFIRMATIVE, OVERRODE THE PRESIDENTIAL VETO"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TO+ADOPT%2C+OVER+THE+PRESIDENT%27S+VETO+OF+S+557%2C+CIVIL+RIGHTS+RESTORATION+ACT%2C+A+BILL+TO+RESTORE+BROAD+COVERAGE+OF+FOUR+CIVIL+RIGHTS+LAWS+BY+DECLARING+THAT+IF+ONE+PART+OF+AN+INSTITUTION+RECEIVES+FEDERAL+FUNDS%2C+THEN+THE+ENTIRE+INSTITUTION+MUST+NOT+DISCRIMINATE.+TWO-THIRDS+OF+THE+SENATE%2C+HAVING+VOTED+IN+THE+AFFIRMATIVE%2C+OVERRODE+THE+PRESIDENTIAL+VETO.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.govtrack.us%2Fcongress%2Fvotes%2F100-1988%2Fs487&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Chafee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.senate.gov/reference/resources/pdf/266_1986.pdf">"Congressional Record–Senate"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a>. September 17, 1986. p. 23803<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 17,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Congressional+Record%E2%80%93Senate&rft.pages=23803&rft.pub=United+States+Senate&rft.date=1986-09-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.senate.gov%2Freference%2Fresources%2Fpdf%2F266_1986.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Chafee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1999/03/15/senate.2000/">"2000 Senate races heating up"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i>. March 15, 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 29,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=2000+Senate+races+heating+up&rft.date=1999-03-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2FALLPOLITICS%2Fstories%2F1999%2F03%2F15%2Fsenate.2000%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Chafee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchmitt1999" class="citation news cs1">Schmitt, Eric (October 14, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1999/10/14/world/defeat-treaty-overview-senate-kills-test-ban-treaty-crushing-loss-for-clinton.html">"DEFEAT OF A TREATY: THE OVERVIEW; SENATE KILLS TEST BAN TREATY IN CRUSHING LOSS FOR CLINTON; EVOKES VERSAILLES PACT DEFEAT"</a>. <i>New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=DEFEAT+OF+A+TREATY%3A+THE+OVERVIEW%3B+SENATE+KILLS+TEST+BAN+TREATY+IN+CRUSHING+LOSS+FOR+CLINTON%3B+EVOKES+VERSAILLES+PACT+DEFEAT&rft.date=1999-10-14&rft.aulast=Schmitt&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1999%2F10%2F14%2Fworld%2Fdefeat-treaty-overview-senate-kills-test-ban-treaty-crushing-loss-for-clinton.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Chafee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDewar1999" class="citation news cs1">Dewar, Helen (October 14, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/daily/oct99/senate14.htm">"Senate Rejects Test Ban Treaty"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Senate+Rejects+Test+Ban+Treaty&rft.date=1999-10-14&rft.aulast=Dewar&rft.aufirst=Helen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-srv%2Fpolitics%2Fdaily%2Foct99%2Fsenate14.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Chafee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRubin1999" class="citation news cs1">Rubin, Alissa (October 26, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-oct-26-mn-26438-story.html">"Senate Centrist John H. Chafee Is Dead at 77"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 9,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Senate+Centrist+John+H.+Chafee+Is+Dead+at+77&rft.date=1999-10-26&rft.aulast=Rubin&rft.aufirst=Alissa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1999-oct-26-mn-26438-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Chafee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGearan2000" class="citation news cs1">Gearan, Ann (August 9, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/US/story?id=96208&page=1">"Clinton Awards Freedom Medals"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(United_States)" title="ABC News (United States)">ABC News</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 29,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Clinton+Awards+Freedom+Medals&rft.date=2000-08-09&rft.aulast=Gearan&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FUS%2Fstory%3Fid%3D96208%26page%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Chafee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.audubon.org/audubon-medal-0">"Previous Audubon Medal Awardees"</a>. <i>audubon.org</i>. January 9, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=audubon.org&rft.atitle=Previous+Audubon+Medal+Awardees&rft.date=2015-01-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.audubon.org%2Faudubon-medal-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Chafee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMastrati2003" class="citation news cs1">Mastrati, Gail (June 17, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150913050734/http://www.dem.ri.gov/news/2003/pr/0616031.htm">"GOVERNOR CARCIERI TO DEDICATE CHAFEE STATUE AT COLT STATE PARK"</a>. RI Department of Environmental Management. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dem.ri.gov/news/2003/pr/0616031.htm">the original</a> on September 13, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 31,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=GOVERNOR+CARCIERI+TO+DEDICATE+CHAFEE+STATUE+AT+COLT+STATE+PARK&rft.date=2003-06-17&rft.aulast=Mastrati&rft.aufirst=Gail&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dem.ri.gov%2Fnews%2F2003%2Fpr%2F0616031.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Chafee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_and_cited_references">General and cited references</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Chafee&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: General and cited references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrady2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Brady" title="James Brady">Brady, James</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hvZ6zGVN-SYC"><i>The Scariest Place in the World: A Marine Returns to North Korea</i></a>. New York City: Thomas Dunne Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-312-33243-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-312-33243-2"><bdi>0-312-33243-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Scariest+Place+in+the+World%3A+A+Marine+Returns+to+North+Korea&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Thomas+Dunne+Books&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-312-33243-2&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhvZ6zGVN-SYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Chafee" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Chafee&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:John_Chafee" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:John Chafee">John Chafee</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C000269">Biography</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i> Retrieved on 2008-02-05</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?626">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.sos.ri.gov/repositories/2/digital_objects/21">An Analysis of the Governor's Financial Program</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181009052657/https://catalog.sos.ri.gov/repositories/2/digital_objects/21">Archived</a> October 9, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> from the Rhode Island State Archives</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Offices_and_distinctions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Offices_and_distinctions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Offices and distinctions</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Del_Sesto" title="Christopher Del Sesto">Christopher Del Sesto</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Rhode_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Rhode Island">Governor of Rhode Island</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1962_Rhode_Island_gubernatorial_election" title="1962 Rhode Island gubernatorial election">1962</a>, <a href="/wiki/1964_Rhode_Island_gubernatorial_election" title="1964 Rhode Island gubernatorial election">1964</a>, <a href="/wiki/1966_Rhode_Island_gubernatorial_election" title="1966 Rhode Island gubernatorial election">1966</a>, <a href="/wiki/1968_Rhode_Island_gubernatorial_election" title="1968 Rhode Island gubernatorial election">1968</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Herbert_F._DeSimone" title="Herbert F. DeSimone">Herbert F. DeSimone</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Arthur_Love" title="John Arthur Love">John Love</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Governors_Association" title="Republican Governors Association">Republican Governors Association</a> </b><br />1967–1968 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ruth_M._Briggs" title="Ruth M. Briggs">Ruth M. Briggs</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senators_from_Rhode_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Senators from Rhode Island">U.S. Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_Senators" class="mw-redirect" title="Classes of United States Senators">Class 2</a>) </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1972_United_States_Senate_election_in_Rhode_Island" title="1972 United States Senate election in Rhode Island">1972</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_G._Reynolds&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James G. Reynolds (page does not exist)">James G. Reynolds</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_McLaughlin_(host)" title="John McLaughlin (host)">John McLaughlin</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senators_from_Rhode_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Senators from Rhode Island">U.S. Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_Senators" class="mw-redirect" title="Classes of United States Senators">Class 1</a>) </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_Senate_election_in_Rhode_Island" title="1976 United States Senate election in Rhode Island">1976</a>, <a href="/wiki/1982_United_States_Senate_election_in_Rhode_Island" title="1982 United States Senate election in Rhode Island">1982</a>, <a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_Senate_election_in_Rhode_Island" title="1988 United States Senate election in Rhode Island">1988</a>, <a href="/wiki/1994_United_States_Senate_election_in_Rhode_Island" title="1994 United States Senate election in Rhode Island">1994</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Chafee" title="Lincoln Chafee">Lincoln Chafee</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/James_A._McClure" class="mw-redirect" title="James A. McClure">James A. McClure</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Conference_Chairman_of_the_United_States_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Conference Chairman of the United States Senate">Chair of the Senate Republican Conference</a> </b><br />1985–1990 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Thad_Cochran" title="Thad Cochran">Thad Cochran</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_A._Notte_Jr." title="John A. Notte Jr.">John Notte</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Rhode_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Rhode Island">Governor of Rhode Island</a> </b><br />1963–1969 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Licht" title="Frank Licht">Frank Licht</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ignatius" title="Paul Ignatius">Paul Ignatius</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Secretary of the Navy">United States Secretary of the Navy</a> </b><br />1969–1972 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Warner" title="John Warner">John Warner</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senate</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Pastore" title="John Pastore">John Pastore</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senators_from_Rhode_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Senators from Rhode Island">United States Senator (Class 1) from Rhode Island</a> </b><br />1976–1999 <br />Served alongside: <b><a href="/wiki/Claiborne_Pell" title="Claiborne Pell">Claiborne Pell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Reed_(Rhode_Island_politician)" title="Jack Reed (Rhode Island politician)">Jack Reed</a></b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Chafee" title="Lincoln Chafee">Lincoln Chafee</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Max_Baucus" title="Max Baucus">Max Baucus</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Environment_and_Public_Works" title="United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works">Senate Environment Committee</a> </b><br />1995–1999 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Smith_(New_Hampshire_politician)" title="Bob Smith (New Hampshire politician)">Bob Smith</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Governors_of_Rhode_Island" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Governors_of_Rhode_Island" title="Template:Governors of Rhode Island"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Governors_of_Rhode_Island" title="Template talk:Governors of Rhode Island"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Governors_of_Rhode_Island" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Governors of Rhode Island"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Governors_of_Rhode_Island" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Rhode_Island" title="List of governors of Rhode Island">Governors of Rhode Island</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Cooke" title="Nicholas Cooke">Cooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Greene_(governor)" title="William Greene (governor)">Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Collins_(Continental_Congress)" title="John Collins (Continental Congress)">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Fenner" title="Arthur Fenner">A. Fenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Smith_(Rhode_Island_governor)" title="Henry Smith (Rhode Island governor)">H. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Wilbour" title="Isaac Wilbour">Wilbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Fenner" title="James Fenner">J. Fenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jones_(governor)" title="William Jones (governor)">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nehemiah_R._Knight" title="Nehemiah R. Knight">Knight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_C._Gibbs" title="William C. Gibbs">Gibbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Fenner" title="James Fenner">J. Fenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemuel_H._Arnold" title="Lemuel H. Arnold">Arnold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Brown_Francis" title="John Brown Francis">Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Sprague_III" title="William Sprague III">Sprague III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ward_King" title="Samuel Ward King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wilson_Dorr" title="Thomas Wilson Dorr">Dorr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Fenner" title="James Fenner">J. Fenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Jackson_(Rhode_Island_politician)" title="Charles Jackson (Rhode Island politician)">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byron_Diman" title="Byron Diman">Diman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisha_Harris" title="Elisha Harris">Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_B._Anthony" title="Henry B. Anthony">Anthony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Allen_(Rhode_Island_politician)" title="Philip Allen (Rhode Island politician)">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_M._Dimond" title="Francis M. Dimond">Dimond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_W._Hoppin" title="William W. Hoppin">Hoppin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisha_Dyer" title="Elisha Dyer">Dyer Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_G._Turner" title="Thomas G. Turner">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Sprague_IV" title="William Sprague IV">Sprague IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_C._Cozzens" title="William C. Cozzens">Cozzens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Y._Smith" title="James Y. Smith">J. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose_Burnside" title="Ambrose Burnside">Burnside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth_Padelford" title="Seth Padelford">Padelford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Howard_(Rhode_Island_politician)" title="Henry Howard (Rhode Island politician)">Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Lippitt" title="Henry Lippitt">H. Lippitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_C._Van_Zandt" title="Charles C. Van Zandt">Van Zandt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_H._Littlefield" title="Alfred H. Littlefield">Littlefield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_O._Bourn" title="Augustus O. Bourn">Bourn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_P._Wetmore" title="George P. Wetmore">Wetmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Davis_(governor)" title="John W. Davis (governor)">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_C._Taft" title="Royal C. Taft">Taft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_W._Ladd" title="Herbert W. Ladd">Ladd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Davis_(governor)" title="John W. Davis (governor)">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_W._Ladd" title="Herbert W. Ladd">Ladd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Russell_Brown" title="Daniel Russell Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Lippitt" title="Charles W. Lippitt">C. Lippitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisha_Dyer_Jr." title="Elisha Dyer Jr.">Dyer Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Gregory_(Rhode_Island_governor)" title="William Gregory (Rhode Island governor)">Gregory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_D._Kimball" title="Charles D. Kimball">Kimball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_F._C._Garvin" title="Lucius F. C. Garvin">Garvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Utter" title="George H. Utter">Utter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_H._Higgins" title="James H. Higgins">Higgins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aram_J._Pothier" title="Aram J. Pothier">Pothier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Livingston_Beeckman" title="Robert Livingston Beeckman">Beeckman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emery_J._San_Souci" title="Emery J. San Souci">San Souci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Flynn" title="William S. Flynn">Flynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aram_J._Pothier" title="Aram J. Pothier">Pothier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_S._Case" title="Norman S. Case">Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_F._Green" title="Theodore F. Green">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Quinn" title="Robert E. Quinn">Quinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Vanderbilt_III" title="William Henry Vanderbilt III">Vanderbilt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Howard_McGrath" title="J. Howard McGrath">McGrath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Pastore" title="John Pastore">Pastore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_S._McKiernan" title="John S. McKiernan">McKiernan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_J._Roberts" title="Dennis J. Roberts">Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Del_Sesto" title="Christopher Del Sesto">Del Sesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Notte_Jr." title="John A. Notte Jr.">Notte</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. Chafee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Licht" title="Frank Licht">Licht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_W._Noel" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip W. Noel">Noel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Joseph_Garrahy" title="J. Joseph Garrahy">Garrahy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_D._DiPrete" title="Edward D. DiPrete">DiPrete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Sundlun" title="Bruce Sundlun">Sundlun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Almond" title="Lincoln Almond">Almond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Carcieri" title="Donald Carcieri">Carcieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Chafee" title="Lincoln Chafee">L. Chafee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gina_Raimondo" title="Gina Raimondo">Raimondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_McKee" title="Dan McKee">McKee</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Rhode_Island.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Rhode_Island.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Rhode_Island.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Rhode_Island.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Rhode_Island.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Rhode_Island.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="344" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_senators_from_Rhode_Island" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_senators_from_Rhode_Island" title="Template:United States senators from Rhode Island"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_senators_from_Rhode_Island" title="Template talk:United States senators from Rhode Island"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_senators_from_Rhode_Island" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States senators from Rhode Island"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_senators_from_Rhode_Island" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Rhode_Island" title="List of United States senators from Rhode Island">United States senators from Rhode Island</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class 1</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Foster" title="Theodore Foster">Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Potter" title="Samuel J. Potter">Potter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Howland" title="Benjamin Howland">Howland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Malbone" title="Francis Malbone">Malbone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_G._Champlin" title="Christopher G. Champlin">Champlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hunter_(senator)" title="William Hunter (senator)">Hunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_DeWolf" title="James DeWolf">DeWolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asher_Robbins" title="Asher Robbins">Robbins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_F._Dixon_I" title="Nathan F. Dixon I">Dixon I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Sprague_III" title="William Sprague III">Sprague III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Brown_Francis" title="John Brown Francis">Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_C._Greene" title="Albert C. Greene">A. Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Tillinghast_James" title="Charles Tillinghast James">James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_F._Simmons" title="James F. Simmons">Simmons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_G._Arnold" title="Samuel G. Arnold">Arnold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Sprague_IV" title="William Sprague IV">Sprague IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose_Burnside" title="Ambrose Burnside">Burnside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_W._Aldrich" title="Nelson W. Aldrich">Aldrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_F._Lippitt" title="Henry F. Lippitt">Lippitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_G._Gerry" title="Peter G. Gerry">Gerry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Hebert" title="Felix Hebert">Hebert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_G._Gerry" title="Peter G. Gerry">Gerry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Howard_McGrath" title="J. Howard McGrath">McGrath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_L._Leahy" title="Edward L. Leahy">Leahy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Pastore" title="John Pastore">Pastore</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. Chafee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Chafee" title="Lincoln Chafee">L. Chafee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Whitehouse" title="Sheldon Whitehouse">Whitehouse</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="United States Senate"><img alt="United States Senate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class 2</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stanton_Jr." title="Joseph Stanton Jr.">Stanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bradford_(Rhode_Island_politician)" title="William Bradford (Rhode Island politician)">Bradford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Greene_(politician)" title="Ray Greene (politician)">R. Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Ellery" title="Christopher Ellery">Ellery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Fenner" title="James Fenner">Fenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisha_Mathewson" title="Elisha Mathewson">Mathewson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_B._Howell" title="Jeremiah B. Howell">Howell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Burrill_Jr." title="James Burrill Jr.">Burrill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nehemiah_R._Knight" title="Nehemiah R. Knight">Knight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_F._Simmons" title="James F. Simmons">Simmons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hopkins_Clarke" title="John Hopkins Clarke">Clarke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Allen_(Rhode_Island_politician)" title="Philip Allen (Rhode Island politician)">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_B._Anthony" title="Henry B. Anthony">Anthony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Paine_Sheffield_Sr." title="William Paine Sheffield Sr.">Sheffield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Chace" title="Jonathan Chace">Chace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_F._Dixon_III" title="Nathan F. Dixon III">Dixon III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_P._Wetmore" title="George P. Wetmore">Wetmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LeBaron_B._Colt" title="LeBaron B. Colt">Colt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_H._Metcalf" title="Jesse H. Metcalf">Metcalf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_F._Green" title="Theodore F. Green">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claiborne_Pell" title="Claiborne Pell">Pell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Reed_(Rhode_Island_politician)" title="Jack Reed (Rhode Island politician)">Reed</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_secretaries_of_the_Navy" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USSecNavy" title="Template:USSecNavy"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USSecNavy" title="Template talk:USSecNavy"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USSecNavy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USSecNavy"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_secretaries_of_the_Navy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Secretary of the Navy">United States secretaries of the Navy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Secretary of the Navy">Secretaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet-level</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Stoddert" title="Benjamin Stoddert">Stoddert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Smith_(Cabinet_member)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Smith (Cabinet member)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hamilton_(politician)" title="Paul Hamilton (politician)">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jones_(statesman)" title="William Jones (statesman)">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Williams_Crowninshield" title="Benjamin Williams Crowninshield">Crowninshield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_Thompson" title="Smith Thompson">S Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Southard" title="Samuel L. Southard">Southard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Branch" title="John Branch">Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Woodbury" title="Levi Woodbury">L. Woodbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahlon_Dickerson" title="Mahlon Dickerson">Dickerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Kirke_Paulding" title="James Kirke Paulding">Paulding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Edmund_Badger" title="George Edmund Badger">Badger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abel_P._Upshur" title="Abel P. Upshur">Upshur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Henshaw_(American_politician)" title="David Henshaw (American politician)">Henshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Walker_Gilmer" title="Thomas Walker Gilmer">Gilmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Y._Mason" title="John Y. Mason">Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Bancroft" title="George Bancroft">Bancroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Y._Mason" title="John Y. Mason">Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ballard_Preston" class="mw-redirect" title="William Ballard Preston">Preston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Alexander_Graham" title="William Alexander Graham">Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Kennedy" title="John P. Kennedy">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_C._Dobbin" title="James C. Dobbin">Dobbin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Toucey" title="Isaac Toucey">Toucey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gideon_Welles" title="Gideon Welles">Welles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolph_E._Borie" title="Adolph E. Borie">Borie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Robeson" title="George M. Robeson">Robeson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_W._Thompson" title="Richard W. Thompson">R Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Goff_Jr." title="Nathan Goff Jr.">Goff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Hunt" title="William H. Hunt">Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Chandler" title="William E. Chandler">Chandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Collins_Whitney" title="William Collins Whitney">Whitney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_F._Tracy" title="Benjamin F. Tracy">Tracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilary_A._Herbert" title="Hilary A. Herbert">Herbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Davis_Long" title="John Davis Long">Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Moody" title="William Henry Moody">Moody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Morton_(politician)" title="Paul Morton (politician)">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Charles Joseph Bonaparte">Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_H._Metcalf" title="Victor H. Metcalf">Metcalf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truman_H._Newberry" title="Truman H. Newberry">Newberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_von_Lengerke_Meyer" title="George von Lengerke Meyer">Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephus_Daniels" title="Josephus Daniels">Daniels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Denby_(politician)" title="Edwin Denby (politician)">Denby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_D._Wilbur" title="Curtis D. Wilbur">Wilbur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Francis_Adams_III" title="Charles Francis Adams III">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_A._Swanson" title="Claude A. Swanson">Swanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Edison" title="Charles Edison">Edison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Knox" title="Frank Knox">Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Forrestal" title="James Forrestal">Forrestal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">Dept. of Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_L._Sullivan_(United_States_Navy)" title="John L. Sullivan (United States Navy)">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_P._Matthews" title="Francis P. Matthews">Matthews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_A._Kimball" title="Dan A. Kimball">Kimball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Anderson_(Texas_politician)" title="Robert B. Anderson (Texas politician)">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Thomas_(Secretary_of_the_Navy)" title="Charles Thomas (Secretary of the Navy)">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Gates_Jr." title="Thomas S. Gates Jr.">T. Gates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Franke" title="William B. Franke">Franke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Connally" title="John Connally">Connally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Korth" title="Fred Korth">Korth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Nitze" title="Paul Nitze">Nitze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ignatius" title="Paul Ignatius">Ignatius</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chafee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Warner" title="John Warner">Warner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._William_Middendorf" title="J. William Middendorf">Middendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Graham_Claytor_Jr." title="W. Graham Claytor Jr.">Claytor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Hidalgo" title="Edward Hidalgo">Hidalgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lehman" title="John Lehman">Lehman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Webb" title="Jim Webb">Webb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_L._Ball" title="William L. Ball">Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Garrett_III" title="Henry L. Garrett III">Garrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_O%27Keefe" title="Sean O'Keefe">O'Keefe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Howard_Dalton" title="John Howard Dalton">Dalton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Danzig" title="Richard Danzig">Danzig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_R._England" title="Gordon R. England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_C._Winter" title="Donald C. Winter">Winter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Mabus" title="Ray Mabus">Mabus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_V._Spencer" title="Richard V. Spencer">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Braithwaite" title="Kenneth Braithwaite">Braithwaite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Del_Toro" title="Carlos Del Toro">Del Toro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy.svg/80px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy.svg/160px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="430" /></span></span><br /><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/US-UnderSecretaryOfTheNavy-Flag.svg/80px-US-UnderSecretaryOfTheNavy-Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/US-UnderSecretaryOfTheNavy-Flag.svg/120px-US-UnderSecretaryOfTheNavy-Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/US-UnderSecretaryOfTheNavy-Flag.svg/160px-US-UnderSecretaryOfTheNavy-Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="430" /></span></span><br /><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/US-AssistantSecretaryOfTheNavy-Flag.svg/80px-US-AssistantSecretaryOfTheNavy-Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/US-AssistantSecretaryOfTheNavy-Flag.svg/120px-US-AssistantSecretaryOfTheNavy-Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/US-AssistantSecretaryOfTheNavy-Flag.svg/160px-US-AssistantSecretaryOfTheNavy-Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Under_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Under Secretary of the Navy">Under<br />Secretaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Forrestal" title="James Forrestal">Forrestal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Austin_Bard" title="Ralph Austin Bard">Bard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemus_Gates" title="Artemus Gates">A. Gates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_L._Sullivan_(United_States_Navy)" title="John L. Sullivan (United States Navy)">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._John_Kenney" title="W. John Kenney">Kenney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_A._Kimball" title="Dan A. Kimball">Kimball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_P._Whitehair" title="Francis P. Whitehair">Whitehair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Thomas_(Secretary_of_the_Navy)" title="Charles Thomas (Secretary of the Navy)">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Gates_Jr." title="Thomas S. Gates Jr.">T. Gates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Franke" title="William B. Franke">Franke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_A._Bantz" title="Fred A. Bantz">Bantz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_B._Fay" title="Paul B. Fay">Fay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_E._BeLieu" title="Kenneth E. BeLieu">BeLieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._B._Baldwin" title="Robert H. B. Baldwin">Baldwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_F._Baird" title="Charles F. Baird">Baird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Warner" title="John Warner">Warner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_P._Sanders" title="Frank P. Sanders">Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._William_Middendorf" title="J. William Middendorf">Middendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_S._Potter" title="David S. Potter">Potter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_R._Macdonald" title="David R. Macdonald">Macdonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._James_Woolsey_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="R. James Woolsey Jr.">Woolsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Murray" title="Robert J. Murray">Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_F._Goodrich" title="James F. Goodrich">Goodrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Garrett_III" title="Henry L. Garrett III">Garrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Daniel_Howard" title="J. Daniel Howard">Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Danzig" title="Richard Danzig">Danzig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_MacArthur_Hultin" title="Jerry MacArthur Hultin">Hultin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Pirie_Jr." title="Robert B. Pirie Jr.">Pirie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Livingstone" title="Susan Livingstone">Livingstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionel_M._Aviles" title="Dionel M. Aviles">Aviles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_O._Work" title="Robert O. Work">Work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janine_A._Davidson" title="Janine A. Davidson">Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Modly" title="Thomas Modly">Modly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Raven" title="Erik Raven">Raven</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="Assistant Secretary of the Navy">Assistant<br />Secretaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Pre–1954</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gustavus_Fox" title="Gustavus Fox">Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Faxon" title="William Faxon">Faxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_R._Soley" title="James R. Soley">Soley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_McAdoo_(New_Jersey_politician)" title="William McAdoo (New Jersey politician)">McAdoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">T. Roosevelt Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Herbert_Allen" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Herbert Allen">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_W._Hackett" title="Frank W. Hackett">Hackett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Hial_Darling" title="Charles Hial Darling">Darling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truman_H._Newberry" title="Truman H. Newberry">Newberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_L._Satterlee" title="Herbert L. Satterlee">Satterlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beekman_Winthrop" title="Beekman Winthrop">Winthrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">F. Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Woodbury" title="Gordon Woodbury">G. Woodbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Jr." title="Theodore Roosevelt Jr.">T. Roosevelt Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Douglas_Robinson" title="Theodore Douglas Robinson">Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_L._Jahncke" title="Ernest L. Jahncke">Jahncke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Roosevelt" title="Henry L. Roosevelt">H. Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Edison" title="Charles Edison">Edison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Compton" title="Lewis Compton">Compton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Austin_Bard" title="Ralph Austin Bard">Bard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._Struve_Hensel" title="H. Struve Hensel">Hensel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._John_Kenney" title="W. John Kenney">Kenney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_E._Andrews" title="Mark E. Andrews">Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_T._Koehler" title="John T. Koehler">Koehler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_R._Askins" title="Herbert R. Askins">Askins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_H._Fogler" title="Raymond H. Fogler">Fogler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Post–1954</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Navy_(Financial_Management_and_Comptroller)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Financial Management and Comptroller)">Financial Management and Comptroller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Navy_(Energy,_Installations_and_Environment)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Energy, Installations and Environment)">Energy, Installations and Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Navy_(Manpower_and_Reserve_Affairs)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Manpower and Reserve Affairs)">Manpower and Reserve Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Navy_(Research,_Development_and_Acquisition)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Research, Development and Acquisition)">Research, Development and Acquisitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Counsel_of_the_Navy" title="General Counsel of the Navy">General Counsel of the Navy</a></li> <li>defunct: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Navy_(AIR)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Navy (AIR)">Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Navy_(Installations_and_Logistics)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Installations and Logistics)">Installations and Logistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Navy_(Material)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Material)">Material</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Navy_(AIR)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Navy (AIR)">Research and Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Navy_(AIR)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Navy (AIR)">Research, Engineering and Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Navy_(Shipbuilding_and_Logistics)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Shipbuilding and Logistics)">Shipbuilding and Logistics</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Republican_Conference_chairs_of_the_United_States_Senate" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Senate_Republican_Conference_chairs" title="Template:US Senate Republican Conference chairs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Senate_Republican_Conference_chairs" title="Template talk:US Senate Republican Conference chairs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Senate_Republican_Conference_chairs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Senate Republican Conference chairs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Republican_Conference_chairs_of_the_United_States_Senate" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Senate_Republican_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairman of the Senate Republican Conference">Republican Conference chairs of the United States Senate</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Hale" title="John P. Hale">J. Hale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_B._Anthony" title="Henry B. Anthony">Anthony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sherman" title="John Sherman">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_F._Edmunds" title="George F. Edmunds">Edmunds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sherman" title="John Sherman">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Allison" title="William B. Allison">Allison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Hale" title="Eugene Hale">E. Hale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelby_M._Cullom" title="Shelby M. Cullom">Cullom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_H._Gallinger" title="Jacob H. Gallinger">Gallinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge" title="Henry Cabot Lodge">Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Chas. Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_E._Watson" title="James E. Watson">Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_L._McNary" title="Charles L. McNary">McNary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Vandenberg" title="Arthur Vandenberg">Vandenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Millikin" title="Eugene Millikin">Millikin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leverett_Saltonstall" title="Leverett Saltonstall">Saltonstall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Chase_Smith" title="Margaret Chase Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norris_Cotton" title="Norris Cotton">Cotton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Curtis" title="Carl Curtis">C. T. Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Packwood" title="Bob Packwood">Packwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._McClure" class="mw-redirect" title="James A. McClure">McClure</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chafee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thad_Cochran" title="Thad Cochran">Cochran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connie_Mack_III" title="Connie Mack III">Mack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Santorum" title="Rick Santorum">Santorum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Kyl" title="Jon Kyl">Kyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamar_Alexander" title="Lamar Alexander">Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Thune" title="John Thune">Thune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Barrasso" title="John Barrasso">Barrasso</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chairs_of_the_United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Environment_and_Public_Works" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#default;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Senate_Environment_chairs" title="Template:US Senate Environment chairs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Senate_Environment_chairs" title="Template talk:US Senate Environment chairs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Senate_Environment_chairs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Senate Environment chairs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chairs_of_the_United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Environment_and_Public_Works" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Chairs of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Environment_and_Public_Works" title="United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works">United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public Buildings<br /><span class="nobold">(1838–1857)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Fulton" title="William S. Fulton">Fulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Leeds_Kerr" title="John Leeds Kerr">Kerr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_L._Dayton" title="William L. Dayton">Dayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Cameron" title="Simon Cameron">Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_D._Bright" title="Jesse D. Bright">Bright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_M._T._Hunter" title="Robert M. T. Hunter">Hunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Whitcomb" title="James Whitcomb">Whitcomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Tillinghast_James" title="Charles Tillinghast James">James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Bayard_Jr." title="James A. Bayard Jr.">Bayard</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/90px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/135px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/180px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public Buildings and Grounds<br /><span class="nobold">(1857–1947)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_D._Bright" title="Jesse D. Bright">Bright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Foot" title="Solomon Foot">Foot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Gratz_Brown" title="B. Gratz Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Fessenden" title="William P. Fessenden">Fessenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_S._Morrill" title="Justin S. Morrill">Morrill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Dawes" title="Henry L. Dawes">Dawes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Jones" title="Charles W. Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_H._Rollins" title="Edward H. Rollins">Rollins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Mahone" title="William Mahone">Mahone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leland_Stanford" title="Leland Stanford">Stanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Graham_Vest" title="George Graham Vest">Vest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Quay" title="Matthew Quay">Quay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Fairbanks" title="Charles W. Fairbanks">Fairbanks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_E._Warren" title="Francis E. Warren">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_B._Scott" title="Nathan B. Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Sutherland" title="George Sutherland">Sutherland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_A._Swanson" title="Claude A. Swanson">Swanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Reed_(politician)" title="James A. Reed (politician)">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bert_M._Fernald" title="Bert M. Fernald">Fernald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irvine_Lenroot" title="Irvine Lenroot">Lenroot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_W._Keyes" title="Henry W. Keyes">Keyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Connally" title="Tom Connally">Connally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_T._Maloney" title="Francis T. Maloney">Maloney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_O._Andrews" title="Charles O. Andrews">Andrews</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public Works<br /><span class="nobold">(1947–1977)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chapman_Revercomb" title="Chapman Revercomb">Revercomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Dennis Chávez">Chávez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Martin_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="Edward Martin (Pennsylvania politician)">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Dennis Chávez">Chávez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_V._McNamara" title="Patrick V. McNamara">McNamara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennings_Randolph" title="Jennings Randolph">Randolph</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Environment and Public Works<br /><span class="nobold">(1977–present)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jennings_Randolph" title="Jennings Randolph">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Stafford" title="Robert Stafford">Stafford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Burdick" title="Quentin Burdick">Burdick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Patrick_Moynihan" title="Daniel Patrick Moynihan">Moynihan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Baucus" title="Max Baucus">Baucus</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chafee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Smith_(New_Hampshire_politician)" title="Bob Smith (New Hampshire politician)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Reid" title="Harry Reid">Reid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Smith_(New_Hampshire_politician)" title="Bob Smith (New Hampshire politician)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Jeffords" title="Jim Jeffords">Jeffords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Inhofe" title="Jim Inhofe">Inhofe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Boxer" title="Barbara Boxer">Boxer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Inhofe" title="Jim Inhofe">Inhofe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Barrasso" title="John Barrasso">Barrasso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Carper" title="Tom Carper">Carper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Rhode_Island.svg/21px-Flag_of_Rhode_Island.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Rhode_Island.svg/32px-Flag_of_Rhode_Island.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Rhode_Island.svg/42px-Flag_of_Rhode_Island.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="580" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Rhode_Island" title="Portal:Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q887338#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q887338#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q887338#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000055564867">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/28607990">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1482282/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJjMDYMTJkHCjr3KKx7vHC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/135922968">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n87945313">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p25826909X">Netherlands</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C000269">US Congress</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10573057">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w63209vc">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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