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breaker</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: foam breaker"> <meta name="keywords" content="foam breaker"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="foam breaker"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 258</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: foam breaker</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">258</span> Exploration of Cone Foam Breaker Behavior Using Computational Fluid Dynamic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20St-Pierre-Lemieux">G. St-Pierre-Lemieux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Askari%20Mahvelati"> E. Askari Mahvelati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Groleau"> D. Groleau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Proulx"> P. Proulx</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mathematical modeling has become an important tool for the study of foam behavior. Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) can be used to investigate the behavior of foam around foam breakers to better understand the mechanisms leading to the ‘destruction’ of foam. The focus of this investigation was the simple cone foam breaker, whose performance has been identified in numerous studies. While the optimal pumping angle is known from the literature, the contribution of pressure drop, shearing, and centrifugal forces to the foam syneresis are subject to speculation. This work provides a screening of those factors against changes in the cone angle and foam rheology. The CFD simulation was made with the open source OpenFOAM toolkits on a full three-dimensional model discretized using hexahedral cells. The geometry was generated using a python script then meshed with blockMesh. The OpenFOAM Volume Of Fluid (VOF) method was used (interFOAM) to obtain a detailed description of the interfacial forces, and the model k-omega SST was used to calculate the turbulence fields. The cone configuration allows the use of a rotating wall boundary condition. In each case, a pair of immiscible fluids, foam/air or water/air was used. The foam was modeled as a shear thinning (Herschel-Buckley) fluid. The results were compared to our measurements and to results found in the literature, first by computing the pumping rate of the cone, and second by the liquid break-up at the exit of the cone. A 3D printed version of the cones submerged in foam (shaving cream or soap solution) and water, at speeds varying between 400 RPM and 1500 RPM, was also used to validate the modeling results by calculating the torque exerted on the shaft. While most of the literature is focusing on cone behavior using Newtonian fluids, this works explore its behavior in shear thinning fluid which better reflects foam apparent rheology. Those simulations bring new light on the cone behavior within the foam and allow the computation of shearing, pressure, and velocity of the fluid, enabling to better evaluate the efficiency of the cones as foam breakers. This study contributes to clarify the mechanisms behind foam breaker performances, at least in part, using modern CFD techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioreactor" title="bioreactor">bioreactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20breaker" title=" foam breaker"> foam breaker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20mitigation" title=" foam mitigation"> foam mitigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OpenFOAM" title=" OpenFOAM"> OpenFOAM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93094/exploration-of-cone-foam-breaker-behavior-using-computational-fluid-dynamic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93094.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">204</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">257</span> Performance of CO₂/N₂ Foam in Enhanced Oil Recovery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Hassan">Mohamed Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahul%20Gajbhiye"> Rahul Gajbhiye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The high mobility and gravity override of CO₂ gas can be minimized by generating the CO₂ foam with the aid of surfactant. However, CO₂ is unable to generate the foam/stable foam above its supercritical point (1100 psi, 31°C). These difficulties with CO₂ foam is overcome by adding N₂ in small fraction to enhance the foam generation of CO₂ at supercritical conditions. This study shows how the addition of small quantity of N₂ helps in generating the CO₂ foam and performance of the CO₂/N₂ mixture foam in enhanced oil recovery. To investigate the performance of CO₂/N₂ foam, core-flooding experiments were conducted at elevated pressure and temperature condition (higher than supercritical CO₂ - 50°C and 1500 psi) in sandstone cores. Fluorosurfactant (FS-51) was used as a foaming agent, and n-decane was used as model oil in all the experiments. The selection of foam quality and N₂ fraction was optimized based on foam generation and stability tests. Every gas or foam flooding was preceded by seawater injection to simulate the behavior in the reservoir. The results from the core-flood experiments showed that the CO₂ and CO₂/N₂ foam flooding recovered an additional 34-40% of Original Initial Oil in Place (OIIP) indicating that foam flooding succeeded in producing more oil than pure CO₂ gas injection processes. Additionally, the performance CO₂/N₂ foam injection was better than CO₂ foam injection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%2FN%E2%82%82%20foam" title="CO₂/N₂ foam">CO₂/N₂ foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enhanced%20oil%20recovery%20%28EOR%29" title=" enhanced oil recovery (EOR)"> enhanced oil recovery (EOR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supercritical%20CO%E2%82%82" title=" supercritical CO₂"> supercritical CO₂</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sweep%20efficiency" title=" sweep efficiency"> sweep efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71419/performance-of-co2n2-foam-in-enhanced-oil-recovery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71419.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">256</span> Development of 35kV SF6 Phase-Control Circuit Breaker Equipped with EFDA</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Duanlei%20Yuan">Duanlei Yuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guangchao%20Yan"> Guangchao Yan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhanqing%20Chen"> Zhanqing Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xian%20Cheng"> Xian Cheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper mainly focuses on the problem that high voltage circuit breaker’s closing and opening operation at random phase brings harmful electromagnetic transient effects on the power system. To repress the negative transient effects, a 35 kV SF6 phase-control circuit breaker equipped with electromagnetic force driving actuator is designed in this paper. Based on the constructed mathematical and structural models, the static magnetic field distribution and dynamic properties of the under loading actuator are simulated. The prototype of 35 kV SF6 phase-control circuit breaker is developed based on theories analysis and simulation. Tests are carried on to verify the operating reliability of the prototype. The developed circuit breaker can control its operating speed intelligently and switches with phase selection. Results of the tests and simulation prove that the phase-control circuit breaker is feasible for industrial applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase-control" title="phase-control">phase-control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circuit%20breaker" title=" circuit breaker"> circuit breaker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electromagnetic%20force%20driving%20actuator" title=" electromagnetic force driving actuator"> electromagnetic force driving actuator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tests%20and%20simulation" title=" tests and simulation"> tests and simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38008/development-of-35kv-sf6-phase-control-circuit-breaker-equipped-with-efda" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38008.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">396</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">255</span> A Study on the Life Prediction Performance Degradation Analysis of the Hydraulic Breaker</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong%20Won">Jong Won</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Park"> Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung%20Hyun"> Sung Hyun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kim"> Kim </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The kinetic energy to pass subjected to shock and chisel reciprocating piston hydraulic power supplied by the excavator using for the purpose of crushing the rock, and roads, buildings, etc., hydraulic breakers blow. Impact frequency, efficiency measurement of the impact energy, hydraulic breakers, to demonstrate the ability of hydraulic breaker manufacturers and users to a very important item. And difficult in order to confirm the initial performance degradation in the life of the hydraulic breaker has been thought to be a problem.In this study, we measure the efficiency of hydraulic breaker, Impact energy and Impact frequency, the degradation analysis of research to predict the life. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact%20energy" title="impact energy">impact energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact%20%20frequency" title=" impact frequency"> impact frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydraulic%20breaker" title=" hydraulic breaker"> hydraulic breaker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20prediction" title=" life prediction"> life prediction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14055/a-study-on-the-life-prediction-performance-degradation-analysis-of-the-hydraulic-breaker" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14055.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">441</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">254</span> The Impact of Black Rice Ash Nanoparticles on Foam Stability through Foam Scanning in Enhanced Oil Recovery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishaq%20Ahmad">Ishaq Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhaomin%20Li"> Zhaomin Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liu%20Chengwen"> Liu Chengwen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Song%20Yan%20Li"> Song Yan Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zihan%20Gu"> Zihan Gu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Shaopeng"> Li Shaopeng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to manage gas mobility in the reservoir, only a small amount of surfactant or polymer is needed because nanoparticles have the potential to improve foam stability. The aim is to enhance foam formation and stability, so it was decided to investigate the foam stability and foam ability of black rice husk ash. Several characterization techniques were used to investigate the properties of black rice husk ash. The best-performing anionic foaming surfactants were combined with black rice husk ash at different concentrations (ppm). Sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate was used as the anionic surfactant. This study demonstrates the value of black rice husk ash (BRHA), which has a high silica concentration, for foam stability and ability. For the test, black rice husk ash and raw ash were used with SDS (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate) and SDBS (Sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate) surfactants under different parameters. Different concentration percentages were utilized to create the foam, and the hydrophobic test and shaking method were applied. The foam scanner was used to observe the behavior of the black rice husk ash foam. The high silica content of black rice husk ash has the potential to improve foam stability, which is favorable and could possibly improve oil recovery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=black%20rice%20husk%20ash%20nanoparticle" title="black rice husk ash nanoparticle">black rice husk ash nanoparticle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surfactant" title=" surfactant"> surfactant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20life" title=" foam life"> foam life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20scanning" title=" foam scanning"> foam scanning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159872/the-impact-of-black-rice-ash-nanoparticles-on-foam-stability-through-foam-scanning-in-enhanced-oil-recovery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159872.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">253</span> Production of Low-Density Nanocellular Foam Based on PMMA/PEBAX Blends</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigus%20Maregu%20Demewoz">Nigus Maregu Demewoz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shu-Kai%20Yeh"> Shu-Kai Yeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Low-density nanocellular foam is a fascinating new-generation advanced material due to its mechanical strength and thermal insulation properties. In nanocellular foam, reducing the density increases the insulation ability. However, producing a nanocellular foam of densities less than 0.3 with a cell size of less than 100 nm is very challenging. In this study, poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was blended with Polyether block amide (PEBAX) to study the effects of PEBAX on the nanocellular foam structure of the PMMA matrix. We added 2 wt% of PEBAX in the PMMA matrix, and the PEBAX nanostructured domain size of 45 nm was well dispersed in the PMMA matrix. The foaming result produced a new generation special bouquet-like nanocellular foam of cell size less than 50 nm with a relative density of 0.24. Also, we were able to produce a nanocellular foam of a relative density of about 0.17. In addition to thermal insulation applications, bouquet-like nanocellular foam may be expected for filtration applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocellular%20foam" title="nanocellular foam">nanocellular foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-density" title=" low-density"> low-density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20size" title=" cell size"> cell size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relative%20density" title=" relative density"> relative density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PMMA%2FPEBAX" title=" PMMA/PEBAX"> PMMA/PEBAX</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168389/production-of-low-density-nanocellular-foam-based-on-pmmapebax-blends" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168389.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">252</span> Production of Low-Density Nanocellular Foam Based on PMMA/PEBAX Blends</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigus%20Maregu%20Demewoz">Nigus Maregu Demewoz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shu-Kai%20Yeh"> Shu-Kai Yeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Low-density nanocellular foam is a fascinating new-generation advanced material due to its mechanical strength and thermal insulation properties. In nanocellular foam, reducing the density increases the insulation ability. However, producing a nanocellular foam of densities less than 0.3 with a cell size of less than 100 nm is very challenging. In this study, poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was blended with Polyether block amide (PEBAX) to study the effects of PEBAX on the nanocellular foam structure of the PMMA matrix. We added 2 wt% of PEBAX in the PMMA matrix, and the PEBAX nanostructured domain size of 45 nm was well dispersed in the PMMA matrix. The foaming result produced a new generation special bouquet-like nanocellular foam of cell size less than 50 nm with a relative density of 0.24. Also, we were able to produce a nanocellular foam of a relative density of about 0.17. In addition to thermal insulation applications, bouquet-like nanocellular foam may be expected for filtration applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocellular%20foam" title="nanocellular foam">nanocellular foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-density" title=" low-density"> low-density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20size" title=" cell size"> cell size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relative%20density" title=" relative density"> relative density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PMMA%2FPEBAX%20blend" title=" PMMA/PEBAX blend"> PMMA/PEBAX blend</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168391/production-of-low-density-nanocellular-foam-based-on-pmmapebax-blends" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168391.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">251</span> Light Weight Mortars Produced from Recycled Foam</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siwat%20Kamonkunanon">Siwat Kamonkunanon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents results of an experimental study on the use of recycled foam with cement-based mixtures to produce light weight mortar. Several mortar grades were obtained by mixing cement with different amounts of recycled foam, aggregate and water. The physical and mechanical properties of the samples such as density, thermal conductivity, thermal resistivity and compressive strength were investigated. Results show that an increase in the amount of recycled foam affects the mortar, decreasing its density and mechanical properties while increasing its workability, permeability, and occluded air content. These results confirm that mortar produced with recycled foam is comparable to light weight mortar made with traditional materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light%20weight" title="light weight">light weight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mortars" title=" mortars"> mortars</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20foam" title=" recycled foam"> recycled foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=civil%20engineering" title=" civil engineering"> civil engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7829/light-weight-mortars-produced-from-recycled-foam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7829.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">250</span> Microwave Assisted Foam-Mat Drying of Guava Pulp</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ovais%20S.%20Qadri">Ovais S. Qadri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abhaya%20K.%20Srivastava"> Abhaya K. Srivastava</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Present experiments were carried to study the drying kinetics and quality of microwave foam-mat dried guava powder. Guava pulp was microwave foam mat dried using 8% egg albumin as foaming agent and then dried at microwave power 480W, 560W, 640W, 720W and 800W, foam thickness 3mm, 5mm and 7mm and inlet air temperature of 40˚C and 50˚C. Weight loss was used to estimate change in drying rate with respect to time. Powdered samples were analysed for various physicochemical quality parameters viz. acidity, pH, TSS, colour change and ascorbic acid content. Statistical analysis using three-way ANOVA revealed that sample of 5mm foam thickness dried at 800W and 50˚C was the best with 0.3584% total acid, 3.98 pH, 14min drying time, 8˚Brix TSS, 3.263 colour change and 154.762mg/100g ascorbic acid content. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20mat%20drying" title="foam mat drying">foam mat drying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20mat%20guava" title=" foam mat guava"> foam mat guava</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guava%20powder" title=" guava powder"> guava powder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave%20drying" title=" microwave drying "> microwave drying </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26184/microwave-assisted-foam-mat-drying-of-guava-pulp" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26184.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">249</span> Synthesis of Microporous Interconnected Polymeric Foam of Poly (Glycidyl Methacrylate-Co-Divinylbenzene-Co-Butyl Acrylate) by Using Aqueous Foam as a Template</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Gadgeel">A. A. Gadgeel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20T.%20Mhaske"> S. T. Mhaske</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTAB) modified nano silica were used as pore stabilizer for the preparation of interconnected macroporous copolymer foam of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), divinylbenzene (DVB) and tert-butyl acrylate (BA). The polymerization of air infused aqueous foam is carried out through free radical thermal initiator. The porosity of the polymerized foam depends on the concentration of HTAB used to control the hydrophobic and hydrophilic behavior of silica nanoparticle. Modified silica particle results to form closed cell foam with 74% of porosity for 60% of air infusion during aqueous foaming. The preliminary structure of microfoam was observed through optical microscopy, whereas for a better understanding of morphology SEM was used. The proposed route is an eco-friendly route for synthesizing polymeric microporous polymer as compared to other chemical and additive-based routes available. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air-infused" title="air-infused">air-infused</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interconnected%20microporous" title=" interconnected microporous"> interconnected microporous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porosity" title=" porosity"> porosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aqueous%20foam" title=" aqueous foam"> aqueous foam</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104084/synthesis-of-microporous-interconnected-polymeric-foam-of-poly-glycidyl-methacrylate-co-divinylbenzene-co-butyl-acrylate-by-using-aqueous-foam-as-a-template" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104084.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">248</span> Design and Implementation of Power Generation Mechanism Using Speed Breaker</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roman%20Kalvin">Roman Kalvin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anam%20Nadeem"> Anam Nadeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saba%20Arif"> Saba Arif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juntakan%20Taweekun"> Juntakan Taweekun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the current scenario demand of power is increasing day by day with increasing population. It is needed to sort out this problem with a technique which will not only overcome this energy crisis but also should be environment friendly. This project emphasizes on idea which shows that power could be generated by specially designed speed breaker. This project shows clearly how power can be generated by using Cam Mechanism where basically linear motion is converted into rotatory motion that can be used to generate electricity. When vehicle passes over the speed breaker, presses the cam with the help of connecting rod which rotate main shaft attached with large pulley. A flywheel is coupled with the shaft whose purpose is to normalize the oscillation in the energy and to make the energy unvarying. So, the shafts will spin with firm rpm. These shafts are coupled from end to end with a belt drive. The results show that power generated from this mechanism is 12 watts. The generated electricity does not required any fuel consumption it only generates power which can be used for the street light as well as for the traffic signals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=revolution%20per%20minute" title="revolution per minute">revolution per minute</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RPM" title=" RPM"> RPM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cam" title=" cam"> cam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speed%20breaker" title=" speed breaker"> speed breaker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotatory%20motion" title=" rotatory motion"> rotatory motion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88612/design-and-implementation-of-power-generation-mechanism-using-speed-breaker" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88612.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">213</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">247</span> Improvisation of N₂ Foam with Black Rice Husk Ash in Enhanced Oil Recovery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishaq%20Ahmad">Ishaq Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhaomin%20Li"> Zhaomin Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liu%20Chengwen"> Liu Chengwen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Song%20yan%20Li"> Song yan Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wang%20Lei"> Wang Lei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhoujie%20Wang"> Zhoujie Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zheng%20Lei"> Zheng Lei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Because nanoparticles have the potential to improve foam stability, only a small amount of surfactant or polymer is required to control gas mobility in the reservoir. Numerous researches have revealed that this specific application is in use. The goal is to improve foam formation and foam stability. As a result, the foam stability and foam ability of black rice husk ash were investigated. By injecting N₂ gases into a core flood condition, black rice husk ash was used to produce stable foam. The properties of black rice husk ash were investigated using a variety of characterization techniques. The black rice husk ash was mixed with the best-performing anionic foaming surfactants at various concentrations (ppm). Sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate was the anionic surfactant used (SDBS). In this article, the N₂ gas- black rice husk ash (BRHA) with high Silica content is shown to be beneficial for foam stability and foam ability. For the test, a 30 cm sand pack was prepared. For the experiment, N₂ gas cylinders and SDBS surfactant liquid cylinders were used. Two N₂ gas experiments were carried out: one without a sand pack and one with a sand pack and oil addition. The black rice husk and SDBS surfactant concentration was 0.5 percent. The high silica content of black rice husk ash has the potential to improve foam stability in sand pack conditions, which is beneficial. On N₂ foam, there is an increase in black rice husk ash particles, which may play an important role in oil recovery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=black%20rice%20husk%20ash%20nanoparticle" title="black rice husk ash nanoparticle">black rice husk ash nanoparticle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surfactant" title=" surfactant"> surfactant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N%E2%82%82%20foam" title=" N₂ foam"> N₂ foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sand%20pack" title=" sand pack"> sand pack</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156241/improvisation-of-n2-foam-with-black-rice-husk-ash-in-enhanced-oil-recovery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">206</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">246</span> An Investigation on the Energy Absorption of Sandwich Panels With Aluminium Foam Core under Perforation Test</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minoo%20Tavakoli">Minoo Tavakoli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojtaba%20Zebarjad"> Mojtaba Zebarjad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Golestanipour"> Golestanipour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Metallic sandwich structures with aluminum foam core are good energy absorbers. In this paper, perforation test were carried out on different samples to study energy absorption. In the experiments, effect of several parameters, i.e. skin thickness and thickness of foam core, on the energy absorption, delamination zone of back faces and deformation strain(φ) are discussed. Results show that increasing plates thickness will results in more absorbed energy and delamination. Moreover, thickening foam core has the same effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20panel" title="sandwich panel">sandwich panel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminium%20foam" title=" aluminium foam"> aluminium foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perforation" title=" perforation"> perforation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20absorption" title=" energy absorption"> energy absorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15966/an-investigation-on-the-energy-absorption-of-sandwich-panels-with-aluminium-foam-core-under-perforation-test" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15966.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">423</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">245</span> An Investigation of Foam Glass Production from Sheet Glass Waste and SiC Foaming Agent</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aylin%20Sahin">Aylin Sahin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Recep%20Artir"> Recep Artir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Kara"> Mustafa Kara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Foam glass is a remarkable material with having incomparable properties like low weight, rigidity, high thermal insulation capacity and porous structure. In this study, foam glass production was investigated with using glass powder from sheet glass waste and SiC powder as foaming agent. Effects of SiC powders and sintering temperatures on foaming process were examined. It was seen that volume expansions (%), cellular structures and pore diameters of obtained foam glass samples were highly depending on composition ratios and sintering temperature. The study showed that various foam glass samples having with homogenous closed porosity, low weight and low thermal conductivity were achieved by optimizing composition ratios and sintering temperatures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20glass" title="foam glass">foam glass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foaming" title=" foaming"> foaming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20glass" title=" waste glass"> waste glass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silicon%20carbide" title=" silicon carbide"> silicon carbide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69062/an-investigation-of-foam-glass-production-from-sheet-glass-waste-and-sic-foaming-agent" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69062.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">244</span> Kinetic Study of Thermal Degradation of a Lignin Nanoparticle-Reinforced Phenolic Foam</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20C.%20Dom%C3%ADnguez">Juan C. Domínguez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bel%C3%A9n%20Del%20Saz-Orozco"> Belén Del Saz-Orozco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mar%C3%ADa%20V.%20Alonso"> María V. Alonso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mercedes%20Oliet"> Mercedes Oliet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francisco%20Rodr%C3%ADguez"> Francisco Rodríguez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, the kinetics of thermal degradation of a phenolic and lignin reinforced phenolic foams, and the lignin used as reinforcement were studied and the activation energies of their degradation processes were obtained by a DAEM model. The average values for five heating rates of the mean activation energies obtained were: 99.1, 128.2, and 144.0 kJ.mol-1 for the phenolic foam, 109.5, 113.3, and 153.0 kJ.mol-1 for the lignin reinforcement, and 82.1, 106.9, and 124.4 kJ. mol-1 for the lignin reinforced phenolic foam. The standard deviation ranges calculated for each sample were 1.27-8.85, 2.22-12.82, and 3.17-8.11 kJ.mol-1 for the phenolic foam, lignin and the reinforced foam, respectively. The DAEM model showed low mean square errors (< 1x10-5), proving that is a suitable model to study the kinetics of thermal degradation of the foams and the reinforcement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinetics" title="kinetics">kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lignin" title=" lignin"> lignin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenolic%20foam" title=" phenolic foam"> phenolic foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20degradation" title=" thermal degradation"> thermal degradation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25484/kinetic-study-of-thermal-degradation-of-a-lignin-nanoparticle-reinforced-phenolic-foam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25484.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">488</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">243</span> An Investigation on Energy Absorption Capacity of a Composite Metal Foam Developed from Aluminum by Reinforcing with Cermet Hollow Spheres</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fisseha%20Zewdie">Fisseha Zewdie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naresh%20Bhatnagar"> Naresh Bhatnagar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lightweight and strong aluminum foam is developed by reinforcing Al-Si-Cu alloy (LM24) with Cermet Hollow Spheres (CHS) as porous creating agents. The foam samples were prepared by mixing the CHS in molten LM24 at 750°C, using gravity and stir casting. The CHSs were fabricated using a blend of silicon carbide and stainless-steel powders using the powder metallurgy technique. It was found that CHS reinforcement greatly enhances the performance of the composite metal foam, making it suitable for high impact loading applications such as crash protection and shock absorption. This study examined the strength, density, energy absorption and possible applications of the new aluminum foam. The results revealed that the LM24 foam reinforced with the CHS has the highest energy absorption of about 88 MJ/m3 among all categories of foam samples tested. Its density was found to be 1.3 g/cm3, while the strength, densification strains and porosity were 420 MPa, 34% and 70%, respectively. Besides, the matrix and reinforcement's microstructure, chemical composition, X-ray diffraction, HRTEM and related micrographic analyses are performed for characterization and verifications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20metal%20foam" title="composite metal foam">composite metal foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hollow%20spheres" title=" hollow spheres"> hollow spheres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gravity%20casting" title=" gravity casting"> gravity casting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20absorption" title=" energy absorption"> energy absorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179310/an-investigation-on-energy-absorption-capacity-of-a-composite-metal-foam-developed-from-aluminum-by-reinforcing-with-cermet-hollow-spheres" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179310.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">242</span> Improved Structure and Performance by Shape Change of Foam Monitor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae%20Gwan%20Kim">Tae Gwan Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun%20Kyu%20Cho"> Hyun Kyu Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Hoon%20Lee"> Young Hoon Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Chul%20Park"> Young Chul Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Foam monitors are devices that are installed on cargo tank decks to suppress cargo area fires in oil tankers or hazardous chemical ship cargo ships. In general, the main design parameter of the foam monitor is the distance of the projection through the foam monitor. In this study, the relationship between flow characteristics and projection distance, depending on the shape was examined. Numerical techniques for fluid analysis of foam monitors have been developed for prediction. The flow pattern of the fluid varies depending on the shape of the flow path of the foam monitor, as the flow losses affecting projection distance were calculated through numerical analysis. The basic shape of the foam monitor was an L shape designed by N Company. The modified model increased the length of the flow path and used the S shape model. The calculation result shows that the L shape, which is the basic shape, has a problem that the force is directed to one side and the vibration and noise are generated there. In order to solve the problem, S-shaped model, which is a change model, was used. As a result, the problem is solved, and the projection distance from the nozzle is improved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title="CFD">CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20monitor" title=" foam monitor"> foam monitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=projection%20distance" title=" projection distance"> projection distance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moment" title=" moment"> moment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66229/improved-structure-and-performance-by-shape-change-of-foam-monitor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66229.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">241</span> Using of Cavitational Disperser for Porous Ceramic and Concrete Material Preparation </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrei%20Shishkin">Andrei Shishkin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksandrs%20Korjakins"> Aleksandrs Korjakins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Viktors%20Mironovs"> Viktors Mironovs</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Present paper describes method of obtaining clay ceramic foam (CCF) and foam concrete (FC), by direct foaming with high speed mixer-disperser (HSMD). Three foaming agents (FA) are compared for the FC and CCF production: SCHÄUMUNGSMITTEL W 53 FLÜSSIG (Zschimmer & Schwarz Gmbh, Germany), SCF-1245 (Sika, test sample, Latvia) and FAB-12 (Elade, Latvija). CCF were obtained at 950, 1000°C, 1150°C and 1150°C firing temperature and have mechanical compressive strength 1.2, 2.55, and 4.3 MPa and porosity 79.4, 75.1, 71.6%, respectively. Obtained FC has 6-14 MPa compressive strength and porosity 44-55%. The goal of this work was the development of a sustainable and durable ceramic cellular structures using HSMD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceramic%20foam" title="ceramic foam">ceramic foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20concrete" title=" foam concrete"> foam concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay%20foam" title=" clay foam"> clay foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20cell" title=" open cell"> open cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=close%20cell" title=" close cell"> close cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20foaming" title=" direct foaming"> direct foaming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20995/using-of-cavitational-disperser-for-porous-ceramic-and-concrete-material-preparation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20995.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">808</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">240</span> Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Copper Metallic Foam during Convective Boiling in a Plate Heat Exchanger</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.Kouidri">A.Kouidri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.Madani"> B.Madani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present work deals with the study of the heat transfer in a rectangular channel equipped with a metallic foam. The tested metallic foam sample is made from copper with 20 PPI (Pore per Inch Linear) and 93% of porosity and the working fluid used is the n-pentane. In the present work the independent variables are the velocity in the range from 0.02 to 0.06 m/s and a boiling heat flux rate varying between 30 and 70 kW/m2. The heat transfer coefficient is presented versus boiling heat flux, vapor quality and superheat ΔTsat. The thermal results are compared to those found for a plain tube for the same conditions. The comparison with the plain tube shows that the insert of a metallic foam enhances the heat transfer coefficient by a factor between 1.3 and 3. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boiling" title="boiling">boiling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metallic%20foam" title=" metallic foam"> metallic foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plate%20heat%20exchanger" title=" plate heat exchanger"> plate heat exchanger</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43857/heat-transfer-enhancement-using-copper-metallic-foam-during-convective-boiling-in-a-plate-heat-exchanger" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43857.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">475</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">239</span> Influence of Milled Waste Glass to Clay Ceramic Foam Properties Made by Direct Foaming Route </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Shishkin">A. Shishkin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Mironovs"> V. Mironovs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Goljandin"> D. Goljandin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Korjakins"> A. Korjakins</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The goal of this work is to develop sustainable and durable ceramic cellular structures using widely available natural resources- clay and milled waste glass. Present paper describes method of obtaining clay ceramic foam (CCF) with addition of milled waste glass in 5, 7 and 10 wt% by direct foaming with high speed mixer-disperser (HSMD). For more efficient clay and waste glass milling and mixing, the high velocity disintegrator was used. The CCF with 5, 7, and 10 wt% were obtained at 900, 950, 1000 and 1050 °C firing temperature and they have demonstrated mechanical compressive strength for all 12 samples ranging from 3.8 to 14.3 MPa and porosity 76-65%. Obtained CCF has compressive strength 14.3 MPa and porosity 65.3%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceramic%20foam" title="ceramic foam">ceramic foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20glass" title=" waste glass"> waste glass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay%20foam" title=" clay foam"> clay foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass%20foam" title=" glass foam"> glass foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20cell" title=" open cell"> open cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20foaming" title=" direct foaming"> direct foaming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41910/influence-of-milled-waste-glass-to-clay-ceramic-foam-properties-made-by-direct-foaming-route" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41910.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">238</span> Thermal Interruption Performance of High Voltage Gas Circuit Breaker Operating with CO₂ Mixtures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yacine%20Babou">Yacine Babou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nitesh%20Ranjan"> Nitesh Ranjan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Branimir%20Radisavljevic"> Branimir Radisavljevic </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Seeger"> Martin Seeger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Over"> Daniel Over</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Torsten%20Votteler"> Torsten Votteler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bernardo%20Galletti"> Bernardo Galletti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paulo%20Cristini"> Paulo Cristini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the frame of replacement of Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas as insulating and switching medium, diverse alternative gases, offering acceptable Global Warming Potential and fulfilling requirements in terms of heat dissipation, insulation and arc quenching performances are currently investigated for High Voltage Circuit Breaker applications. Among the potential gases, CO₂ seems a promising candidate for replacing SF6, because on one hand it is environmentally friendly, harmless, non-toxic, non-corrosive, non-flammable and on the other hand previous studies have demonstrated its fair interruption capabilities. The present study aims at investigating the performance of CO₂ for the thermal interruption in high voltage self-blast circuit breakers. In particular, the correlation between thermal interruption performance and arc voltage is considered and the effect of the arc-network interaction on the performance is rigorously analyzed. For the considered designs, the thermal interruption was evaluated by varying the slope at current zero (i.e., di/dt) for which the breaker could interrupt. Besides, the characteristics of the post-arc current are examined in detail for various rated voltages and currents. The outcome of these experimental investigations will be reported and analyzed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=current%20zero%20measurement" title="current zero measurement">current zero measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20voltage%20circuit%20breaker" title=" high voltage circuit breaker"> high voltage circuit breaker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20arc%20discharge" title=" thermal arc discharge"> thermal arc discharge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20interruption" title=" thermal interruption"> thermal interruption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135199/thermal-interruption-performance-of-high-voltage-gas-circuit-breaker-operating-with-co2-mixtures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135199.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">237</span> A Model of Foam Density Prediction for Expanded Perlite Composites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Arifuzzaman">M. Arifuzzaman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20S.%20Kim"> H. S. Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Multiple sets of variables associated with expanded perlite particle consolidation in foam manufacturing were analyzed to develop a model for predicting perlite foam density. The consolidation of perlite particles based on the flotation method and compaction involves numerous variables leading to the final perlite foam density. The variables include binder content, compaction ratio, perlite particle size, various perlite particle densities and porosities, and various volumes of perlite at different stages of process. The developed model was found to be useful not only for prediction of foam density but also for optimization between compaction ratio and binder content to achieve a desired density. Experimental verification was conducted using a range of foam densities (0.15–0.5 g/cm3) produced with a range of compaction ratios (1.5-3.5), a range of sodium silicate contents (0.05–0.35 g/ml) in dilution, a range of expanded perlite particle sizes (1-4 mm), and various perlite densities (such as skeletal, material, bulk, and envelope densities). A close agreement between predictions and experimental results was found. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expanded%20perlite" title="expanded perlite">expanded perlite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flotation%20method" title=" flotation method"> flotation method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20density" title=" foam density"> foam density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model" title=" model"> model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prediction" title=" prediction"> prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodium%20silicate" title=" sodium silicate"> sodium silicate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18419/a-model-of-foam-density-prediction-for-expanded-perlite-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18419.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">408</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">236</span> Functionalized PU Foam for Water Filtration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidal%20H.%20Abu-Zahra">Nidal H. Abu-Zahra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subhashini%20Gunashekar"> Subhashini Gunashekar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polyurethane foam is functionalized with Sulfonic acid groups to remove lead ions (Pb2+) from drinking water through a action exchange process. The synthesis is based on addition polymerization of the -NCO groups of an isocyanine with the –OH groups of a polio to form the urethane. Toluene-diisocyanateis reacted with Polypropylene glycol to form a linear pre-polymer, which is further polymerized using a chain extender, N, N-bis(2-hydorxyethyl)-2-aminoethane-sulfonic acid (BES). BES acts as a functional group site to exchange Pb2+ ions. A set of experiments was designed to study the effect of various processing parameters on the performance of the synthesized foam. The maximum Pb2+ ion exchange capacity of the foam was found to be 47ppb/g from a 100ppb Pb2+ solution over a period of 60 minutes. A multistage batch filtration process increased the lead removal to 50-54ppb/3g of foam over a period of 90 minutes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functionalized" title=" functionalized"> functionalized</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ion%20exchange" title=" ion exchange"> ion exchange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyurethane" title=" polyurethane"> polyurethane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sulfonic" title=" sulfonic"> sulfonic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3776/functionalized-pu-foam-for-water-filtration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3776.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">235</span> Magnetic Field Induced Mechanical Behavior of Fluid Filled Carbon Nanotube Foam </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siva%20Kumar%20Reddy">Siva Kumar Reddy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anwesha%20Mukherjee"> Anwesha Mukherjee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abha%20Misra"> Abha Misra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Excellent energy absorption capability in carbon nanotubes (CNT) is shown in their bulk structure that behaves like super compressible foam. Furthermore, a tunable mechanical behavior of CNT foam is achieved using several methods like changing the concentration of precursors, polymer impregnation, non covalent functionalization of CNT microstructure etc. Influence of magnetic field on compressive behavior of magnetic CNT demonstrated an enhanced peak stress and energy absorption capability, which does not require any surface and structural modification of the foam. This presentation discusses the mechanical behavior of micro porous CNT foam that is impregnated in magnetic field responsive fluid. Magnetic particles are dispersed in a nonmagnetic fluid so that alignment of both particles and CNT could play a crucial role in controlling the stiffness of the overall structure. It is revealed that the compressive behavior of CNT foam critically depends on the fluid viscosity as well as magnetic field intensity. Both peak Stress and energy absorption in CNT foam followed a power law behavior with the increase in the magnetic field intensity. However, in the absence of magnetic field, both peak stress and energy absorption capability of CNT foam presented a linear dependence on the fluid viscosity. Hence, this work demonstrates the role magnetic filed in controlling the mechanical behavior of the foams prepared at nanoscale. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20nanotubes" title="carbon nanotubes">carbon nanotubes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20field" title="magnetic field">magnetic field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20absorption%20capability%20and%20viscosity" title=" energy absorption capability and viscosity"> energy absorption capability and viscosity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13613/magnetic-field-induced-mechanical-behavior-of-fluid-filled-carbon-nanotube-foam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13613.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">234</span> Investigation of Physical Performance of Denim Fabrics Washed with Sustainable Foam Washing Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hazal%20Y%C4%B1lmaz">Hazal Yılmaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hale%20Karaka%C5%9F"> Hale Karakaş</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the scope of the study, it is aimed to investigate and review the performance of denim fabrics that are foam washed. Foam washing was compared as an alternative to stone washing in terms of sustainability and performance parameters. For this purpose, seven different denim fabrics, which are both stone washed and foam washed separately in 3 different washing durations (30-60-90 mins), were compared. In the study, the same fabrics were processed with both foam and stone separately. The washing process steps were reviewed, and their water consumption values were compared. After washing, a total of 42 fabric samples were obtained, and tensile strength, tear strength, abrasion, weight loss after abrasion, rubbing fastness, color fastness tests were carried out on the fabric samples. The obtained test results were reviewed and evaluated. As a result of tests, it has been observed that the performance of foam washed fabrics in terms of tensile, tear strength and rubbing fastness test results are better than stone washed fabrics, and it has been seen that foam washed fabrics' color fastness test results are as stone washed. As a result of all these tests, it can be seen that foam washing is an alternative to stone washing due to its performance parameters and its sustainability performance with less water usage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=denim%20fabrics" title="denim fabrics">denim fabrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=denim%20washing" title=" denim washing"> denim washing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20washing" title=" foam washing"> foam washing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20properties" title=" performance properties"> performance properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stone%20washing" title=" stone washing"> stone washing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177884/investigation-of-physical-performance-of-denim-fabrics-washed-with-sustainable-foam-washing-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177884.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">233</span> Studying Projection Distance and Flow Properties by Shape Variations of Foam Monitor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun-Kyu%20Cho">Hyun-Kyu Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun-Su%20Kim"> Jun-Su Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Choon-Geun%20Huh"> Choon-Geun Huh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geon%20Lee%20Young-Chul%20Park"> Geon Lee Young-Chul Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the relationship between flow properties and fluid projection distance look into connection for shape variations of foam monitor. A numerical analysis technique for fluid analysis of a foam monitor was developed for the prediction. Shape of foam monitor the flow path of fluid flow according to the shape, The fluid losses were calculated from flow analysis result.. The modified model used the length increase model of the flow path, and straight line of the model. Inlet pressure was 7 [bar] and external was atmosphere codition. am. The results showed that the length increase model of the flow path and straight line of the model was improved in the nozzle projection distance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=injection%20performance" title="injection performance">injection performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20monitor" title=" foam monitor"> foam monitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Projection%20distance" title=" Projection distance"> Projection distance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58090/studying-projection-distance-and-flow-properties-by-shape-variations-of-foam-monitor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58090.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">232</span> Enhanced Dimensional Stability of Rigid PVC Foams Using Glass Fibers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidal%20H.%20Abu-Zahra">Nidal H. Abu-Zahra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murtatha%20M.%20Jamel"> Murtatha M. Jamel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parisa%20Khoshnoud"> Parisa Khoshnoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subhashini%20Gunashekar"> Subhashini Gunashekar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Two types of glass fibers having different lengths (1/16" and 1/32") were added into rigid PVC foams to enhance the dimensional stability of extruded rigid Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) foam at different concentrations (0-20 phr) using a single screw profile extruder. PVC foam-glass fiber composites (PVC-GF) were characterized for their dimensional stability, structural, thermal, and mechanical properties. Experimental results show that the dimensional stability, heat resistance, and storage modulus were enhanced without compromising the tensile and flexural strengths of the composites. Overall, foam composites which were prepared with longer glass fibers exhibit better mechanical and thermal properties than those prepared with shorter glass fibers due to higher interlocking between the fibers and the foam cells, which result in better load distribution in the matrix. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyvinyl%20chloride" title="polyvinyl chloride">polyvinyl chloride</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PVC%20foam" title=" PVC foam"> PVC foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PVC%20composites" title=" PVC composites"> PVC composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20composites" title=" polymer composites"> polymer composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass%20fiber%20composites" title=" glass fiber composites"> glass fiber composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20polymers" title=" reinforced polymers"> reinforced polymers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18461/enhanced-dimensional-stability-of-rigid-pvc-foams-using-glass-fibers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">396</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">231</span> Permanent Reduction of Arc Flash Energy to Safe Limit on Line Side of 480 Volt Switchgear Incomer Breaker</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abid%20Khan">Abid Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A recognized engineering challenge is related to personnel protection from fatal arc flash incident energy in the line side of the 480-volt switchgear incomer breakers during maintenance activities. The incident energy is typically high due to slow fault clearance, and it can be higher than the available personnel protective equipment (PPE) ratings. A fault in this section of the switchgear is cleared by breakers or fuses in the upstream higher voltage system (4160 Volt or higher). The current reflection in the higher voltage upstream system for a fault in the 480-volt switchgear is low, the clearance time is slower, and the inversely proportional incident energy is hence higher. The installation of overcurrent protection at a 480-volt system upstream of the incomer breaker will operate fast enough and trips the upstream higher voltage breaker when a fault develops at the incomer breaker. Therefore, fault current reduction as reflected in the upstream higher voltage system is eliminated. Since the fast overcurrent protection is permanently installed, it is always functional, does not require human interventions, and eliminates exposure to human errors. It is installed at the maintenance activities location, and its operations can be locally monitored by craftsmen during maintenance activities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arc%20flash" title="arc flash">arc flash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitigation" title=" mitigation"> mitigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maintenance%20switch" title=" maintenance switch"> maintenance switch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20level" title=" energy level"> energy level</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138671/permanent-reduction-of-arc-flash-energy-to-safe-limit-on-line-side-of-480-volt-switchgear-incomer-breaker" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138671.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">193</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">230</span> Numerical and Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Enhancement with Metal Foams and Ultrasounds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Slimani">L. Slimani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Bousri"> A. Bousri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Hamadouche"> A. Hamadouche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Ben%20Hamed"> H. Ben Hamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this experimental and numerical study is to analyze the effects of acoustic streaming generated by 40 kHz ultrasonic waves on heat transfer in forced convection, with and without 40 PPI aluminum metal foam. Preliminary dynamic and thermal studies were done with COMSOL Multiphase, to see heat transfer enhancement degree by inserting a 40PPI metal foam (10 × 2 × 3 cm) on a heat sink, after having determined experimentally its permeability and Forchheimer's coefficient. The results obtained numerically are in accordance with those obtained experimentally, with an enhancement factor of 205% for a velocity of 0.4 m/s compared to an empty channel. The influence of 40 kHz ultrasound on heat transfer was also tested with and without metallic foam. Results show a remarkable increase in Nusselt number in an empty channel with an enhancement factor of 37,5%, while no influence of ultrasound on heat transfer in metal foam presence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustic%20streaming" title="acoustic streaming">acoustic streaming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enhancing%20heat%20transfer" title=" enhancing heat transfer"> enhancing heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laminar%20flow" title=" laminar flow"> laminar flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%20foam" title=" metal foam"> metal foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135365/numerical-and-experimental-study-of-heat-transfer-enhancement-with-metal-foams-and-ultrasounds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135365.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">229</span> Improving the Exploitation of Fluid in Elastomeric Polymeric Isolator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haithem%20Elderrat">Haithem Elderrat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huw%20Davies"> Huw Davies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Brousseau"> Emmanuel Brousseau</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Elastomeric polymer foam has been used widely in the automotive industry, especially for isolating unwanted vibrations. Such material is able to absorb unwanted vibration due to its combination of elastic and viscous properties. However, the ‘creep effect’, poor stress distribution and susceptibility to high temperatures are the main disadvantages of such a system. In this study, improvements in the performance of elastomeric foam as a vibration isolator were investigated using the concept of Foam Filled Fluid (FFFluid). In FFFluid devices, the foam takes the form of capsule shapes, and is mixed with viscous fluid, while the mixture is contained in a closed vessel. When the FFFluid isolator is affected by vibrations, energy is absorbed, due to the elastic strain of the foam. As the foam is compressed, there is also movement of the fluid, which contributes to further energy absorption as the fluid shears. Also, and dependent on the design adopted, the packaging could also attenuate vibration through energy absorption via friction and/or elastic strain. The present study focuses on the advantages of the FFFluid concept over the dry polymeric foam in the role of vibration isolation. This comparative study between the performance of dry foam and the FFFluid was made according to experimental procedures. The paper concludes by evaluating the performance of the FFFluid isolator in the suspension system of a light vehicle. One outcome of this research is that the FFFluid may preferable over elastomer isolators in certain applications, as it enables a reduction in the effects of high temperatures and of ‘creep effects’, thereby increasing the reliability and load distribution. The stiffness coefficient of the system has increased about 60% by using an FFFluid sample. The technology represented by the FFFluid is therefore considered by this research suitable for application in the suspension system of a light vehicle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FFFluid" title="FFFluid">FFFluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dry%20foam" title=" dry foam"> dry foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-vibration%20devices" title=" anti-vibration devices"> anti-vibration devices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastomeric%20polymer%20foam" title=" elastomeric polymer foam"> elastomeric polymer foam</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23124/improving-the-exploitation-of-fluid-in-elastomeric-polymeric-isolator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23124.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20breaker&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20breaker&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20breaker&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20breaker&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20breaker&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a 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