CINXE.COM
List of Patrons - JewishEncyclopedia.com
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<div class="yui3-u-1-3"> <h1 class="logo"><a href="/">JewishEncyclopedia.com</a></h1> </div> <div class="yui3-u-1-3"> </div> <div class="yui3-u-1-3"> <input type="text" class="st-default-search-input" style="width:275px"> </div> </div> <div class="yui3-g"> <nav class="yui3-u-1"> <ul id="nav"> <li class='selectedletter active'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">A</a> <ul> <li> <a title="AACH - Abdima (Abdimi) of Sepphoris" href="/directory/A/1"> AACH - ABDI </a> </li> <li> <a title="Abdimi Malla谩赂楼a - ABRAHAM OF BOHEMIA" href="/directory/A/205"> ABDI - ABRA </a> </li> <li> <a title="ABRAHAM IBN BOLAT - ABRAHAM BEN YOM-谩鹿卢OB OF TUDELA" href="/directory/A/408"> ABRA - ABRA </a> </li> <li> <a title="ABRAHAM 谩潞聮ARFATI - ADLER, DAVID BARUCH" href="/directory/A/611"> ABRA - ADLE </a> </li> <li> <a title="ADLER, ELKAN NATHAN - AIN MUSA" href="/directory/A/814"> ADLE - AINM </a> </li> <li> <a title="AIRE - ALGAZI, YOM-谩鹿卢OB BEN ISRAEL JACOB" href="/directory/A/1017"> AIRE - ALGA </a> </li> <li> <a title="ALGEBRA, SCIENCE OF - AMORITES" href="/directory/A/1220"> ALGE - AMOR </a> </li> <li> <a title="AMOS - ANTUNES" href="/directory/A/1423"> AMOS - ANTU </a> </li> <li> <a title="ANTWERP - ARTAXERXES II" href="/directory/A/1626"> ANTW - ARTA </a> </li> <li> <a title="ARTAXERXES III. - ASSER, CAREL" href="/directory/A/1829"> ARTA - ASSE </a> </li> <li> <a title="ASSER, CAREL - 'AZZUT PANIM" href="/directory/A/2032"> ASSE - AZZU </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">B</a> <ul> <li> <a title="BA'AL - BAKHMUT" href="/directory/B/2235"> BAAL - BAKH </a> </li> <li> <a title="BAKI, SIMSON - BARNACLE-GOOSE" href="/directory/B/2385"> BAKI - BARN </a> </li> <li> <a title="BARNATO, BARNETT ISAACS - BE ABIDAN" href="/directory/B/2535"> BARN - BEAB </a> </li> <li> <a title="BE RAB - BELMONTE" href="/directory/B/2685"> BERA - BELM </a> </li> <li> <a title="BELMONTE, B. E. COLA脙聡O - BENJAMIN, SAMUEL" href="/directory/B/2835"> BELM - BENJ </a> </li> <li> <a title="BENJAMIN B. SAMUEL OF COUTANCES - BERNSTAMM, LEOPOLD BERNARD" href="/directory/B/2984"> BENJ - BERN </a> </li> <li> <a title="BERNSTEIN, AARON (DAVID) - BIEDERMANN, MICHAEL LAZAR" href="/directory/B/3133"> BERN - BIED </a> </li> <li> <a title="BIEGELEISEN, HENRY - BLUMENFELDT, SIMON" href="/directory/B/3282"> BIEG - BLUM </a> </li> <li> <a title="BLUMENSTOCK VON HALBAN, LEO - BORNSTEIN, PAUL" href="/directory/B/3431"> BLUM - BORN </a> </li> <li> <a title="BORODAVKA - BRODA, BENJAMIN B. AARON" href="/directory/B/3580"> BORO - BROD </a> </li> <li> <a title="BRODSKI - BYZANTINE EXPIRE" href="/directory/B/3729"> BROD - BYZA </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">C</a> <ul> <li> <a title="CABALA - CANSINO, JACOB" href="/directory/C/3878"> CABA - CANS </a> </li> <li> <a title="CANSTATT, KARL FRIEDRICH - CARPI, ZACHARIAH" href="/directory/C/3975"> CANS - CARP </a> </li> <li> <a title="CARPZOV, JOHANN BENEDICT II. - CEMETERY" href="/directory/C/4072"> CARP - CEME </a> </li> <li> <a title="CENSER - CHASTITY, PROOF OF" href="/directory/C/4169"> CENS - CHAS </a> </li> <li> <a title="CH脙聜TEAU-THIERRY - CHRIST" href="/directory/C/4265"> CHAT - CHRI </a> </li> <li> <a title="CHRISTIAN - COHEN, ABNER" href="/directory/C/4361"> CHRI - COHE </a> </li> <li> <a title="COHEN, ABRAHAM - COLON" href="/directory/C/4457"> COHE - COLO </a> </li> <li> <a title="COLON, JOSEPH B. SOLOMON - CORDOVA" href="/directory/C/4553"> COLO - CORD </a> </li> <li> <a title="CORDOVA, ISAAC HEZEKIAH B. JACOB - CR脙聣MIEUX, GASTON" href="/directory/C/4649"> CORD - CREM </a> </li> <li> <a title="CR脙聣MIEUX, HANANEEL - CZYNSKI, JAN (JEAN)" href="/directory/C/4745"> CREM - CZYN </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">D</a> <ul> <li> <a title="DABBASHETH - DANON, JOSEPH BEN JACOB BEN MOSES IBN" href="/directory/D/4841"> DABB - DANO </a> </li> <li> <a title="DANON, ME脙聫R BENJAMIN MENAHEM - DAVID, ERNEST" href="/directory/D/4891"> DANO - DAVI </a> </li> <li> <a title="DAVID, FERDINAND - DAVIDSOHN, LEON" href="/directory/D/4941"> DAVI - DAVI </a> </li> <li> <a title="DAVIDSOHN, ROBERT - DEDE AGATCH" href="/directory/D/4991"> DAVI - DEDE </a> </li> <li> <a title="DEDICATION - DENMARK" href="/directory/D/5041"> DEDI - DENM </a> </li> <li> <a title="DENVER - DEUTSCH, EMANUEL OSCAR MENAHEM" href="/directory/D/5091"> DENV - DEUT </a> </li> <li> <a title="DEUTSCH, GOTTHARD - DIESSENHOFEN" href="/directory/D/5141"> DEUT - DIES </a> </li> <li> <a title="DIETARY LAWS - DLUGOSZ, JEAN" href="/directory/D/5191"> DIET - DLUG </a> </li> <li> <a title="DLUGOSZ - DOSA BEN SAADIA" href="/directory/D/5241"> DLUG - DOSA </a> </li> <li> <a title="DOSA B. 谩鹿卢EBET - DUALISM" href="/directory/D/5291"> DOSA - DUAL </a> </li> <li> <a title="DUARTE, LUIS - DYVIN" href="/directory/D/5341"> DUAR - DYVI </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">E</a> <ul> <li> <a title="EAGLE - EFES" href="/directory/E/5390"> EAGL - EFES </a> </li> <li> <a title="EFODI - EJECTMENT" href="/directory/E/5444"> EFOD - EJEC </a> </li> <li> <a title="EKAH (LAMENTATIONS) RABBATI - ELEAZAR B. NATHAN" href="/directory/E/5498"> EKAH - ELEA </a> </li> <li> <a title="ELEAZAR BEN PEDAT - ELIEZER B. 谩赂陇ISMA" href="/directory/E/5551"> ELEA - ELIE </a> </li> <li> <a title="ELIEZER (LIEZER) BEN HYRCANUS - ELIJAH BEN JOSEPH" href="/directory/E/5604"> ELIE - ELIJ </a> </li> <li> <a title="ELIJAH B. JOSEPH (YOSKE) - ELTEKEH" href="/directory/E/5657"> ELIJ - ELTE </a> </li> <li> <a title="ELVIRA - ENGEL, JOSEPH" href="/directory/E/5710"> ELVI - ENGE </a> </li> <li> <a title="ENGELBERT, HERMANN - EPICURUS AND EPICUREANISM" href="/directory/E/5763"> ENGE - EPIC </a> </li> <li> <a title="EPIGRAMS - ESTELLA" href="/directory/E/5816"> EPIG - ESTE </a> </li> <li> <a title="ESTELLE, FRANCE - EVIL-MERODACH" href="/directory/E/5869"> ESTE - EVIL </a> </li> <li> <a title="EVIL SPIRITS - EZRAHITE" href="/directory/E/5922"> EVIL - EZRA </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">F</a> <ul> <li> <a title="FABLE - FAR谩赂陇I (PAR谩赂陇I), ESTORI" href="/directory/F/5975"> FABL - FARH </a> </li> <li> <a title="FAR谩赂陇I, 谩赂陇AYYIM MU'ALLIM - FELBERMAN, LOUIS" href="/directory/F/6018"> FARH - FELB </a> </li> <li> <a title="FELD, JULIUS - FEUER, NATHANIEL" href="/directory/F/6061"> FELD - FEUE </a> </li> <li> <a title="FEUST, KARL - FISCHELS, ME脙聫R" href="/directory/F/6104"> FEUS - FISC </a> </li> <li> <a title="FISCHER, BERNARD - FLEXNER, SIMON" href="/directory/F/6147"> FISC - FLEX </a> </li> <li> <a title="FLISFEDER, D. I. - FORGERY" href="/directory/F/6190"> FLIS - FORG </a> </li> <li> <a title="FORGIVENESS - FRANCOLM, ISAAC ASHER" href="/directory/F/6233"> FORG - FRAN </a> </li> <li> <a title="FRANGI, 谩赂陇AYYIM - FRANKL, LOTHAR AMADEUS, RITTER VON HOCHWART" href="/directory/F/6276"> FRAN - FRAN </a> </li> <li> <a title="FRANKL, LUDWIG AUGUST, RITTER VON HOCHWART - FRIDAY" href="/directory/F/6318"> FRAN - FRID </a> </li> <li> <a title="FRIEDBERG, ABRAHAM SHALOM ("HAR SHALOM") - FROHBERG, REGINA" href="/directory/F/6360"> FRIE - FROH </a> </li> <li> <a title="FROHMAN, CHARLES - F脙聹RTH, MEYER B. ELHANAN" href="/directory/F/6402"> FROH - FURT </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">G</a> <ul> <li> <a title="GABBAI - GAMALIEL III." href="/directory/G/6444"> GABB - GAMA </a> </li> <li> <a title="GAMALIEL IV. - GEDALIAH CORDOVERO" href="/directory/G/6497"> GAMA - GEDA </a> </li> <li> <a title="GEDALIAH, JUDAH, DON - GERMANUS, MOSES" href="/directory/G/6550"> GEDA - GERM </a> </li> <li> <a title="GERMANY - GHIRON" href="/directory/G/6603"> GERM - GHIR </a> </li> <li> <a title="GHIRONDI - GLOGAU, JEHIEL MICHAEL BEN UZZIEL" href="/directory/G/6656"> GHIR - GLOG </a> </li> <li> <a title="GLOGAUER, ABIGDOR BEN SIM谩赂陇AH HA-LEVI - GOLDSCHMIDT, LOTHAR" href="/directory/G/6709"> GLOG - GOLD </a> </li> <li> <a title="GOLDSCHMIDT, ME脙聫R AARON - GORDON, LEON (JUDAH L脙聳B BEN ASHER)" href="/directory/G/6761"> GOLD - GORD </a> </li> <li> <a title="GORDON, MICHEL - GRAZIANI, AUGUSTO" href="/directory/G/6813"> GORD - GRAZ </a> </li> <li> <a title="GRAZIANO, ABRAHAM JOSEPH SOLOMON BEN MORDECAI - GUARDIA, LA, THE HOLY CHILD OF" href="/directory/G/6865"> GRAZ - GUAR </a> </li> <li> <a title="GUARDIAN AND WARD - GYMNASIUM" href="/directory/G/6917"> GUAR - GYMN </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">H</a> <ul> <li> <a title="HAARBLEICHER, MOSES M. - HAINDORF, ALEXANDER" href="/directory/H/6969"> HAAR - HAIN </a> </li> <li> <a title="HAIR - HAMNUNA II." href="/directory/H/7061"> HAIR - HAMN </a> </li> <li> <a title="HAMNUNA OF BABYLONIA - HARARI, JUDAH (ARYEH)" href="/directory/H/7153"> HAMN - HARA </a> </li> <li> <a title="HARARITE - HAUSEN, MOSES BEN ASHER ANSHEL" href="/directory/H/7245"> HARA - HAUS </a> </li> <li> <a title="HAUSER, CARL FRANKL - 谩赂陇AZZAN, ABRAHAM BEN JUDAH" href="/directory/H/7337"> HAUS - HAZZ </a> </li> <li> <a title="谩赂陇AZZAN, ELEAZAR HA- - HEKSCHER, EPHRAIM BEN SAMUEL SANVEL" href="/directory/H/7429"> HAZZ - HEKS </a> </li> <li> <a title="HELA - HERRMANN, LEO" href="/directory/H/7520"> HELA - HERR </a> </li> <li> <a title="HERSCHEL, SIR WILLIAM - HILLEL BEN ELIAKIM" href="/directory/H/7611"> HERS - HILL </a> </li> <li> <a title="HILLEL OF ERFURT - H脙聳CHHEIMER (H脙聳脛聥HHEIM, HOCHHEIMER, HECHIM)" href="/directory/H/7702"> HILL - HOCH </a> </li> <li> <a title="HOCHMEISTER - HOROWITZ, SHABBETHAI SHEFTEL" href="/directory/H/7793"> HOCH - HORO </a> </li> <li> <a title="HORSCHETZKY, MORITZ - HYSSOP" href="/directory/H/7884"> HORS - HYSS </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">I</a> <ul> <li> <a title="I - IBN MIGAS, ME脙聫R" href="/directory/I/7975"> I - IBNM </a> </li> <li> <a title="IBN MUHAJAR, AHUB BEN ME脙聫R HANASI IBN <ForeignChars>V06p538003.jpg</ForeignChars> - IBN YA谩赂陇YA, JOSEPH BEN DAVID" href="/directory/I/8008"> IBNM - IBNY </a> </li> <li> <a title="IBN YA'ISH, BARUCH BEN ISAAC - ILLESCOS, JACOB DI" href="/directory/I/8041"> IBNY - ILLE </a> </li> <li> <a title="ILLIBERIS - INDIANAPOLIS" href="/directory/I/8074"> ILLI - INDI </a> </li> <li> <a title="INDICTMENT - INTERMEDIATE DAYS" href="/directory/I/8107"> INDI - INTE </a> </li> <li> <a title="INTESTACY - ISAAC IBN 谩赂陇ALFON, ABU IBRAHIM" href="/directory/I/8139"> INTE - ISAA </a> </li> <li> <a title="ISAAC BEN 谩赂陇AYYIM BEN ABRAHAM HA-KOHEN - ISAAC BEN MORDECAI GERSHON" href="/directory/I/8171"> ISAA - ISAA </a> </li> <li> <a title="ISAAC BEN MORDECAI HA-LEVI - ISABELLA I" href="/directory/I/8203"> ISAA - ISAB </a> </li> <li> <a title="ISAIAH - ISPAHAN" href="/directory/I/8235"> ISAI - ISPA </a> </li> <li> <a title="ISRAEL - ISRAELI, ISRAEL" href="/directory/I/8267"> ISRA - ISRA </a> </li> <li> <a title="ISRAELIK - ISRAELS, ABRAHAM HARTOG" href="/directory/I/8299"> ISRA - ISRA </a> </li> <li> <a title="ISRAEL'S HEROLD - IZRAELITA MAGYAR N脙聣PTANIT脙聯" href="/directory/I/8331"> ISRA - IZRA </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">J</a> <ul> <li> <a title="JAARBOOKEN VOR DE ISRAELITEN - JACOB OF KEFAR SEKANYA (SIMA脙聫)" href="/directory/J/8363"> JAAR - JACO </a> </li> <li> <a title="JACOB B. KORSHAI - JAFFE (JOFFE)" href="/directory/J/8431"> JACO - JAFF </a> </li> <li> <a title="JAGEL, ABRAHAM BEN HANANIAH DEI GALICCHI - JEHOSHAPHAT" href="/directory/J/8499"> JAGE - JEHO </a> </li> <li> <a title="JEHOSHAPHAT, VALLEY OF - JEWISH COMMENT" href="/directory/J/8567"> JEHO - JEWI </a> </li> <li> <a title="JEWISH CRITERION, THE - JOD" href="/directory/J/8635"> JEWI - JOD </a> </li> <li> <a title="JOEL - JONATHAN BEN ELEAZAR" href="/directory/J/8702"> JOEL - JONA </a> </li> <li> <a title="JONATHAN BEN HOR谩赂虏INAS (ARCHINAS) - JOSEPH BEN GORION" href="/directory/J/8769"> JONA - JOSE </a> </li> <li> <a title="JOSEPH IBN 谩赂陇ASAN - JOSEPHS, MICHAEL" href="/directory/J/8836"> JOSE - JOSE </a> </li> <li> <a title="JOSEPHS, WALTER - JUDAH B. AMMI" href="/directory/J/8903"> JOSE - JUDA </a> </li> <li> <a title="JUDAH ARYEH L脙聳B BEN JOSHUA H脙聳SCHEL - JUDE, DER" href="/directory/J/8970"> JUDA - JUDE </a> </li> <li> <a title="JUDE, DER (New York) - JUWEL, MOSES MORDECAI" href="/directory/J/9037"> JUDE - JUWE </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">K</a> <ul> <li> <a title="KAB - KALIFA, MOSES BEN MALKA" href="/directory/K/9104"> KAB - KALI </a> </li> <li> <a title="KALILAH WA-DIMNAH - 谩赂虏ANAH ABIGDOR" href="/directory/K/9147"> KALI - KANA </a> </li> <li> <a title="KANITZ, AUGUST - KA谩鹿垄ABI (<ForeignChars>V07p451001.jpg</ForeignChars>), JOSEPH BEN NISSIM" href="/directory/K/9189"> KANI - KASA </a> </li> <li> <a title="KASHER - KEMPNER, GABRIEL" href="/directory/K/9231"> KASH - KEMP </a> </li> <li> <a title="KEMPNER, MAX - KIEV" href="/directory/K/9273"> KEMP - KIEV </a> </li> <li> <a title="KIHAYA - KITE" href="/directory/K/9315"> KIHA - KITE </a> </li> <li> <a title="KITTSEER, MICHAEL - KNOT" href="/directory/K/9357"> KITT - KNOT </a> </li> <li> <a title="KNOXVILLE - KOKEBE YI谩潞聮谩赂陇A谩赂虏" href="/directory/K/9399"> KNOX - KOKE </a> </li> <li> <a title="KOL BO - KOSMINSKY, MARKS" href="/directory/K/9441"> KOLB - KOSM </a> </li> <li> <a title="KOSSARSKI, JULIUS - KROCHMAL, NACHMAN KOHEN" href="/directory/K/9483"> KOSS - KROC </a> </li> <li> <a title="KRON, JUDAH BEN ELEAZAR - KUTTOWER, ABRAHAM GERSHON BEN EPHRAIM" href="/directory/K/9525"> KRON - KUTT </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">L</a> <ul> <li> <a title="LA PEYRERE, ISAAC - LANDSHUTH, LESER" href="/directory/L/9567"> LAPE - LAND </a> </li> <li> <a title="LANDSOFER (LANDSCHREIBER), JONAH BEN ELIJAH - LAZARUS, JOSEPHINE" href="/directory/L/9627"> LAND - LAZA </a> </li> <li> <a title="LAZARUS, JULIUS - LEMOS, HENRIETTE DE" href="/directory/L/9687"> LAZA - LEMO </a> </li> <li> <a title="LEMUEL - LEVI BEN ABRAHAM BEN 谩赂陇AYYIM" href="/directory/L/9747"> LEMU - LEVI </a> </li> <li> <a title="LEVI, BENEDIKT - LEVITAN, ISAAC (ISAAC ILYICH)" href="/directory/L/9807"> LEVI - LEVI </a> </li> <li> <a title="LEVITES (Temple Servants) - LEWINSTEIN, JOSEPH" href="/directory/L/9866"> LEVI - LEWI </a> </li> <li> <a title="LEWIS, DAVID - LILIENBLUM, MOSES L脙聳B" href="/directory/L/9925"> LEWI - LILI </a> </li> <li> <a title="LILIENTHAL, MAX - LIVER" href="/directory/L/9984"> LILI - LIVE </a> </li> <li> <a title="LIVERPOOL - LONDON, SOLOMON B. MOSES RAPHAEL" href="/directory/L/10043"> LIVE - LOND </a> </li> <li> <a title="LONG BRANCH - L脙聳WY, ADOLF" href="/directory/L/10102"> LONG - LOWY </a> </li> <li> <a title="L脙聳WY, ALBERT - LYSIMACHUS" href="/directory/L/10161"> LOWY - LYSI </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">M</a> <ul> <li> <a title="MAACAH - MALACHI B. JACOB HA-KOHEN" href="/directory/M/10220"> MAAC - MALA </a> </li> <li> <a title="MALAGA - MARKS, SAMUEL" href="/directory/M/10324"> MALA - MARK </a> </li> <li> <a title="MARKUS, LUDWIG - MEASURES" href="/directory/M/10428"> MARK - MEAS </a> </li> <li> <a title="MEAT-TAX - MENAHEM MENDEL BEN BARUCH BENDET" href="/directory/M/10532"> MEAT - MENA </a> </li> <li> <a title="MENAHEM OF MERSEBURG - METER IN THE BIBLE" href="/directory/M/10636"> MENA - METE </a> </li> <li> <a title="METHODOLOGY - MILLET" href="/directory/M/10739"> METH - MILL </a> </li> <li> <a title="MILMAN, HENRY HART - MONDAY AND THURSDAY PRAYER" href="/directory/M/10842"> MILM - MOND </a> </li> <li> <a title="MONEY - MOSER" href="/directory/M/10945"> MONE - MOSE </a> </li> <li> <a title="MOSER, MOSES - MOSES OF SMOLENSK" href="/directory/M/11048"> MOSE - MOSE </a> </li> <li> <a title="MOSES SOFER - MYSTICISM" href="/directory/M/11151"> MOSE - MYST </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">N</a> <ul> <li> <a title="NAAMAH - NAHUM" href="/directory/N/11254"> NAAM - NAHU </a> </li> <li> <a title="NAHUM ELIEZER BEN JACOB - NASI, DAVID" href="/directory/N/11293"> NAHU - NASI </a> </li> <li> <a title="NASI GRACIA MENDESIA - NATHAN NATA OF SHKLOV" href="/directory/N/11332"> NASI - NATH </a> </li> <li> <a title="NATHAN BEN SAMUEL - NEBUZAR-ADAN" href="/directory/N/11371"> NATH - NEBU </a> </li> <li> <a title="NECHO - NESEK" href="/directory/N/11410"> NECH - NESE </a> </li> <li> <a title="NESVIZH - NEUZEIT, DIE" href="/directory/N/11448"> NESV - NEUZ </a> </li> <li> <a title="NEVAKHOVICH, L脙聳B - NICHOLAS III., IV., V" href="/directory/N/11486"> NEVA - NICH </a> </li> <li> <a title="NICHOLAS OF DAMASCUS (NICOLAUS DAMASCENUS) - NISSIM BEN MOSES OF MARSEILLES" href="/directory/N/11524"> NICH - NISS </a> </li> <li> <a title="NISSIM B. REUBEN GERONDI - NOSE-RING" href="/directory/N/11562"> NISS - NOSE </a> </li> <li> <a title="NOSSIG, ALFRED - NYONS" href="/directory/N/11600"> NOSS - NYON </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">O</a> <ul> <li> <a title="OAK AND TEREBINTH - OHOLIAB" href="/directory/O/11638"> OAKA - OHOL </a> </li> <li> <a title="OHOLIBAMAH - OPFERPFENNIG, GOLDENER" href="/directory/O/11678"> OHOL - OPFE </a> </li> <li> <a title="OPHEL - OREGON" href="/directory/O/11718"> OPHE - OREG </a> </li> <li> <a title="OREN - OSTROG" href="/directory/O/11758"> OREN - OSTR </a> </li> <li> <a title="OSTROGORSKI, MOISEI YAKOVLEVICH - 'OZER BEN ME脙聫R" href="/directory/O/11797"> OSTR - OZER </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">P</a> <ul> <li> <a title="PABLO ALVARO - PAPPENHEIM" href="/directory/P/11836"> PABL - PAPP </a> </li> <li> <a title="PAPPENHEIM, ISRAEL HIRSCH - PATTO, SAMSON GOMEZ" href="/directory/P/11893"> PAPP - PATT </a> </li> <li> <a title="PAUL DE BURGOS - PENITENTIAL DAYS" href="/directory/P/11950"> PAUL - PENI </a> </li> <li> <a title="PENNSYLVANIA - PESI谩赂虏TA (DE-RAB KAHANA; RABBATI; ZU谩鹿卢ARTI)" href="/directory/P/12007"> PENN - PESI </a> </li> <li> <a title="PESSELES, JOSEPH (ELIAS) - PHINEHAS" href="/directory/P/12063"> PESS - PHIN </a> </li> <li> <a title="PHINEHAS BEN CLUSOTH - PINSKER, DOB B脙聞R B. NATHAN" href="/directory/P/12119"> PHIN - PINS </a> </li> <li> <a title="PINSKER, LEV (LEV SEMIONOVICH) - POLA" href="/directory/P/12175"> PINS - POLA </a> </li> <li> <a title="POLACCO, VITTORIO - PORGES, NATHAN" href="/directory/P/12231"> POLA - PORG </a> </li> <li> <a title="PORGES VON PORTHEIM - PREGNANCY" href="/directory/P/12287"> PORG - PREG </a> </li> <li> <a title="PREMEDITATION - PROVENCE" href="/directory/P/12343"> PREM - PROV </a> </li> <li> <a title="PROVERBS - PYKE, LIONEL EDWARD" href="/directory/P/12399"> PROV - PYKE </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">Q</a> <ul> <li> <a title="QUADRATUS, UMMIDIUS CAIUS - QUORUM" href="/directory/Q/12455"> QUAD - QUOR </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">R</a> <ul> <li> <a title="RAAB - RABINOVICH (RABBINOWITZ), OSIP AARONOVICH" href="/directory/R/12465"> RAAB - RABI </a> </li> <li> <a title="RABINOVITZ, JOSHUA BEN ELIJAH - RAMESES" href="/directory/R/12510"> RABI - RAME </a> </li> <li> <a title="RAMI B. EZEKIEL - RAUSUK, SAMSON" href="/directory/R/12554"> RAMI - RAUS </a> </li> <li> <a title="RAVEN - REGGIO" href="/directory/R/12598"> RAVE - REGG </a> </li> <li> <a title="REGGIO, ABRAHAM (VITA) BEN AZRIEL - REPTILES" href="/directory/R/12642"> REGG - REPT </a> </li> <li> <a title="RESCISSION - RIBA" href="/directory/R/12686"> RESC - RIBA </a> </li> <li> <a title="RIBASH - RITTANGEL, JOHANN STEPHANUS" href="/directory/R/12730"> RIBA - RITT </a> </li> <li> <a title="RITTER, IMMANUEL HEINRICH - ROMI, DANIEL B. JEHIEL" href="/directory/R/12774"> RITT - ROMI </a> </li> <li> <a title="ROMI, JOSEPH - ROSENTHAL, DAVID" href="/directory/R/12818"> ROMI - ROSE </a> </li> <li> <a title="ROSENTHAL, DAVID AUGUSTUS - ROTH, WILHELM" href="/directory/R/12862"> ROSE - ROTH </a> </li> <li> <a title="ROTHENBURG - RYSSEL, CARL VICTOR" href="/directory/R/12906"> ROTH - RYSS </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">S</a> <ul> <li> <a title="SAADIA - SAMBARI (CATTAWI?), JOSEPH BEN ISAAC" href="/directory/S/12950"> SAAD - SAMB </a> </li> <li> <a title="SAMBATION, SANBATION, SABBATION (SAMBA谩鹿卢YON) - SANDALS" href="/directory/S/13062"> SAMB - SAND </a> </li> <li> <a title="SANDEK (SYNDIKUS) - SCHMELKES, GOTTFRIED S." href="/directory/S/13174"> SAND - SCHM </a> </li> <li> <a title="SCHMID, ANTON VON - SELA" href="/directory/S/13286"> SCHM - SELA </a> </li> <li> <a title="SELAH - SHATZKES, MOSES AARON" href="/directory/S/13398"> SELA - SHAT </a> </li> <li> <a title="SHAVING - SHUSHAN" href="/directory/S/13510"> SHAV - SHUS </a> </li> <li> <a title="SHUSHAN (SUSA) PURIM - SIM谩赂陇AH B. SAMUEL OF SPEYER" href="/directory/S/13622"> SHUS - SIMH </a> </li> <li> <a title="SIM谩赂陇AH B. SAMUEL OF VITRY - SOLOMON, TESTAMENT OF" href="/directory/S/13734"> SIMH - SOLO </a> </li> <li> <a title="SOLOMON B. AARON TROKI - SPIEGEL, FREDERICK S." href="/directory/S/13846"> SOLO - SPIE </a> </li> <li> <a title="SPIELMANN, SIR ISIDORE - STRASBURG" href="/directory/S/13958"> SPIE - STRA </a> </li> <li> <a title="STRASHUN, MATHIAS - SZOLD, HENRIETTA" href="/directory/S/14070"> STRA - SZOL </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">T</a> <ul> <li> <a title="谩鹿卢A'AMIM - TALMUDIC LAW" href="/directory/T/14182"> TAAM - TALM </a> </li> <li> <a title="TALMUD TORAH - TARRAGONA" href="/directory/T/14217"> TALM - TARR </a> </li> <li> <a title="TARRASCH, SIEGBERT - TE谩赂陇INA, ABBA" href="/directory/T/14252"> TARR - TEHI </a> </li> <li> <a title="TE谩赂陇INNAH - TENNESSEE" href="/directory/T/14286"> TEHI - TENN </a> </li> <li> <a title="TENT - THEBEN, KOPPEL (JACOB BEN ABRAHAM MANDL)" href="/directory/T/14320"> TENT - THEB </a> </li> <li> <a title="THEBES - TIBERIAS, LAKE" href="/directory/T/14354"> THEB - TIBE </a> </li> <li> <a title="TIBERIUS JULIUS ALEXANDER - TOBIAS, EMIL" href="/directory/T/14388"> TIBE - TOBI </a> </li> <li> <a title="TOBIT, BOOK OF - TORTOSA" href="/directory/T/14422"> TOBI - TORT </a> </li> <li> <a title="TORTSCHINER, L脙聳B B. ABRAHAM - TREBINO (TREMINO) DE SOBREMONTE, TOMAS" href="/directory/T/14456"> TORT - TREB </a> </li> <li> <a title="TREBITSCH, ABRAHAM BEN REUBEN 谩赂陇AYYA谩鹿卢 - TRIWOSCH, JOSEPH ELIJAH" href="/directory/T/14490"> TREB - TRIW </a> </li> <li> <a title="TROKI - TYROL" href="/directory/T/14524"> TROK - TYRO </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">U</a> <ul> <li> <a title="U-BA LE-谩潞聮IYYON - UNGARISCHE ISRAELIT, DER" href="/directory/U/14558"> UBAL - UNGA </a> </li> <li> <a title="UNGER, EPHRAIM SOLOMON - URI" href="/directory/U/14580"> UNGE - URI </a> </li> <li> <a title="URI BEN DAVID BEN MOSES - UZZIEL" href="/directory/U/14602"> URIB - UZZI </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">V</a> <ul> <li> <a title="VAEZ - VAN STRAALEN, SAMUEL" href="/directory/V/14624"> VAEZ - VANS </a> </li> <li> <a title="VANCOUVER - VELLUM" href="/directory/V/14644"> VANC - VELL </a> </li> <li> <a title="VENDOR AND PURCHASER - VERSICLE THEMES" href="/directory/V/14664"> VEND - VERS </a> </li> <li> <a title="VERVEER, ELCHANAN - VINE" href="/directory/V/14684"> VERV - VINE </a> </li> <li> <a title="VINEGAR - VIZHAINY (VIZHUNY, VIZAN, VIZANY)" href="/directory/V/14703"> VINE - VIZH </a> </li> <li> <a title="VOCALIZATION - VULTURE" href="/directory/V/14722"> VOCA - VULT </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">W</a> <ul> <li> <a title="WA'AD ARBA' ARA谩潞聮OT - WALLER STEIN, ABRAHAM BEN ASHER" href="/directory/W/14741"> WAAD - WALL </a> </li> <li> <a title="WALLICH - WATER-DRAWING, FEAST OF" href="/directory/W/14768"> WALL - WATE </a> </li> <li> <a title="WATER-RIGHTS - WEIGHTS AND MEASURES" href="/directory/W/14795"> WATE - WEIG </a> </li> <li> <a title="WEIL, ADOLF - WEISS, MARKUS NISSA" href="/directory/W/14822"> WEIL - WEIS </a> </li> <li> <a title="WEISS, MAX - WESSELY, WOLFGANG" href="/directory/W/14849"> WEIS - WESS </a> </li> <li> <a title="WEST - WIENER, LEOPOLD" href="/directory/W/14876"> WEST - WIEN </a> </li> <li> <a title="WIENER, ME脙炉R - WILLIAM OF AUVERGNE" href="/directory/W/14903"> WIEN - WILL </a> </li> <li> <a title="WILLIAM OF NORWICH - WISE, STEPHEN SAMUEL" href="/directory/W/14930"> WILL - WISE </a> </li> <li> <a title="WISMAR - WOLFENB脙聹TTEL" href="/directory/W/14957"> WISM - WOLF </a> </li> <li> <a title="WOLFENSTEIN, MARTHA - WOOLF, EDWARD" href="/directory/W/14984"> WOLF - WOOL </a> </li> <li> <a title="WOOLF, SIDNEY - WYSBER, LUDWIG" href="/directory/W/15011"> WOOL - WYSB </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">X</a> <ul> <li> <a title="XABILLO - XYSTUS" href="/directory/X/15038"> XABI - XYST </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">Y</a> <ul> <li> <a title="YA'ABE谩潞聮 - YAR谩赂陇I, ABRAHAM" href="/directory/Y/15045"> YAAB - YARH </a> </li> <li> <a title="YARMOUTH - YEVREISKAYA BIBLIOTEKA" href="/directory/Y/15064"> YARM - YEVR </a> </li> <li> <a title="YE谩潞聮ER HA-RA' - YI谩潞聮谩赂陇A谩赂虏 BAR JUDAH" href="/directory/Y/15083"> YEZE - YIZH </a> </li> <li> <a title="YI谩潞聮谩赂陇A谩赂虏 OF MAGDALA - YOM KIPPUR 谩赂虏A谩鹿卢AN" href="/directory/Y/15101"> YIZH - YOMK </a> </li> <li> <a title="YOM-谩鹿卢OB BEN ABRAHAM ISHBILI - YUSUF IBN TESHUFIN" href="/directory/Y/15119"> YOMT - YUSU </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class='notselectedletter'> <a href="#" class="letterlink">Z</a> <ul> <li> <a title="ZABARA, JOSEPH - ZALINSKI, MOSES G." href="/directory/Z/15137"> ZABA - ZALI </a> </li> <li> <a title="ZALMUNNA - 谩潞聮ARFATI, 谩潞聮AREFATI" href="/directory/Z/15155"> ZALM - ZARF </a> </li> <li> <a title="谩潞聮ARFATI - 谩潞聮EBI ASHKENAZI" href="/directory/Z/15173"> ZARF - ZEBI </a> </li> <li> <a title="谩潞聮EBI HIRSCH BEN 谩赂陇AYYIM - 谩潞聮EDE谩赂虏, JOSEPH KOHEN-" href="/directory/Z/15191"> ZEBI - ZEDE </a> </li> <li> <a title="ZEDEKIAH - ZEITLIN, WILLIAM" href="/directory/Z/15209"> ZEDE - ZEIT </a> </li> <li> <a title="ZEITSCHRIFT F脙聹R DIE GESCHICHTE DER JUDEN IN DEUTSCHLAND - ZEPHANIAH BEN MORDECAI TROKI" href="/directory/Z/15227"> ZEIT - ZEPH </a> </li> <li> <a title="ZERAHIAH BEN ISAAC HA-LEVI GERONDI - ZIMMERN, HELEN" href="/directory/Z/15244"> ZERA - ZIMM </a> </li> <li> <a title="ZIMRAT HA-ARE谩潞聮 - ZODIAC" href="/directory/Z/15261"> ZIMR - ZODI </a> </li> <li> <a title="ZOHAR - ZUKERTORT, JOHANNES HERMANN" href="/directory/Z/15278"> ZOHA - ZUKE </a> </li> <li> <a title="ZUKUNFT, DIE - ZWEIFEL, PAUL" href="/directory/Z/15295"> ZUKU - ZWEI </a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </header> <div id="bd" class="yui3-u-1"> <div class="yui3-g"> <div class="yui3-u-4-5"> <div class="staticpage"> <h1>List of Patrons</h1> <p> <a href="/full_list_of_patrons">Full list of all patrons</a> </p> <p> With this the concluding volume of The Jewish Encyclopedia the Funk & Wagnalls Company fulfil the promise made to their subscribers nearly eight years ago to supply the world at large with a full account of the history, views, and sociology of the Jewish people from their appearance in history down to the present day. The publishers feel that they may claim to have carried out their promise unstintingly, and with sole regard to thoroughness of workmanship. A few figures, which may be interesting in themselves, will suffice to substantiate this claim. The promise was made to provide twelve volumes containing 8,000 pages supplied by 400 contributors, and embellished by 2,000 illustrations. The twelve volumes contain 8,572 pages, written by 605 contributors, and supplemented by 2,464 illustrations, a large number of them full-page, with a considerable number of photogravures, and 23 reproduced in facsimile by lithographic process in colors. Of the merits of the work it is scarcely the publishers' place to speak, but the universal verdict of the press of the world has been that it presents its subjects in fulness of detail and with perfect impartiality of treatment. It has been the aim of the editorial board to present all sides of Jewish life from every standpoint held by any important section of the Jewish community. Imperfections there must needs be in a work of this scope, which has absolutely no forerunners by which it can be checked; but care has been taken to reduce these to a minimum by every device that has been suggested by the ingenuity of the editorial board or the experience of the publishing-house. In cases of doubt resort was had to the advice of the boards of consulting editors in Europe and America, especially on matters of general policy. During the making of the Encyclopedia the American board was unfortunately decreased by the regretted deaths of Dr. M. Mielziner and Dr. M. Jastrow, the latter of whom to the end of the second volume was editor of the Talmudic Department, and who showed his interest in the work by remaining a consulting editor till his death. The foreign board lost Prof. Moritz Lazarus, Dr. Eude Lolli, and Dr. Kayserling, the last of whom, besides acting as a consulting editor, contributed the largest number of articles to the Encyclopedia of all contributors other than the office staff. </p> <p> The 8,168,957 words the presentation of which this volume completes have been selected for the reader from the 9,630,211 that were supplied by the contributors; or, in other words, one word out of every six has been eliminated in order to present the fullest amount of information within the space limits. By this use of the pruning-knife the alphabetical division of the volumes was made to coincide almost exactly with the schedule laid down before the first volume was issued. In this way alone it became possible to treat subjects in the later letters of the alphabet with just as much fulness as those in the earlier volumes. </p> <p> As promised in the first volume, the Funk & Wagnalls Company repeat herewith the list of stanch friends of The Jewish Encyclopedia who by their loyal trust have rendered the production of these volumes practicable. In an enterprise of this kind, addressed in the first place to a special public, the support of that public during the progress of the work is as necessary for its adequate completion as is the literary ability of the editorial board or the executive capacity of the publishing-house. The promises of the list of patrons contained in the first volume encouraged the Funk & Wagnalls Company to undertake the work; the fulfilment has enabled them to carry it through to what may be fairly termed a triumphant conclusion. They hereby render their thanks to those who throughout this arduous undertaking have stood by their side as silent but very efficacious helpers. </p> <p> Unfortunately, great discrepancies exist between the former list and that now presented to the reader. Through misunderstanding, through ill health, or through failure of means, a number of the original subscribers found themselves unable to carry out their engagements, and at one time the Funk & Wagnalls Company had in view the suspension of the work owing to this lack of support. At this juncture a number of public-spirited gentlemen in America undertook to guarantee the sale of a certain number of copies of the Encyclopedia, and others in England, headed by Sir Isidore Spielmann, made an earnest and successful appeal for increased subscription. Thus encouraged, the Funk & Wagnalls Company determined to continue in a task which, if it promised no adequate profit, seemed to them a worthy contribution to the higher life of America and of the world. Sustained by the support of these gentlemen, the Funk & Wagnalls Company have spared no pains or expense to carry out the plans of the editorial board in their entirety, and trust that the work now presented to the reader is a worthy outcome of American constructive scholarship and of American publishing enterprise. </p> <p> The names of the American public-spirited gentlemen referred to above are as follows: <ul> <li>Nathan Bijur</li> <li>Charles S. Henry</li> <li>Philip S. Henry</li> <li>L. N. Hershfield</li> <li>Adolph Lewisohn</li> <li>Leonard Lewisohn</li> <li>Louis Marshall</li> <li>M. Warley Platzek</li> <li>Jacob H. Schiff</li> <li>James Speyer</li> <li>Leopold Stern</li> <li>Louis Stern</li> <li>Isidor Straus</li> <li>C. L. Sulzberger</li> <li>Mayer Sulzberger</li> <li>Felix M. Warburg (Deceased) New York, Dec., 1905.</li> </ul> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer id="ft" class="yui3-u-1"> <div class="yui3-g"> <div id="footer-nav" class="yui3-u-2-5"> <div class="title">About Jewish Encyclopedia</div> <ul> <li><a href="/literary_directorate_listing">Literary Directorate Listing</a></li> <li><a href="/preface">Preface</a></li> <li><a href="/synopsis_of_jewish_encyclopedia">Synopsis of Jewish Encyclopedia</a></li> <li><a href="/systems_of_transliteration_citation_of_proper_names">Systems of Transliteration Citation of Proper Names</a></li> <li><a href="/abbreviations_listings">Abbreviations Listings</a></li> <li><a href="/list_of_patrons">List of Patrons</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="kopelmanlogo" class="yui3-u-1-5"> <a href="http://www.kopelman.org"><img alt="Funded by The Kopelman Foundation" src="/images/logo-foundation.jpg" /></a> </div> <div id="copyright" class="yui3-u-2-5"> <em>©2002-2021, JewishEncyclopedia.com. 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