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Calenda - Archives du développement : produire, mobiliser et politiser

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class="unique_date"> <div class="day"><a href="search.html?primary=fdate&amp;fyear=2023&amp;fmonth=11&amp;fday=03">03</a></div> <div class="month"><a href="search.html?primary=fdate&amp;fyear=2023&amp;fmonth=11">nov</a></div> <div class="year"><a href="search.html?primary=fdate&amp;fyear=2023">2023</a></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div id="listcategories"> <h2>Catégories</h2> <ul> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=289">Vie de la recherche</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=328">Afrique</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=262">Histoire intellectuelle</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=337">Amérique latine</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=291">Historiographie</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=353">Asie du Sud-Est</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="document" class="column"> <div id="main"> <div class="titles"> <h1 class="origt"><a href="1093963">Archives du développement : produire, mobiliser et politiser</a></h1> <h2 class="origt">Development archives: production, use and politicization</h2> <h2 class="origt">Archivos del desarrollo: producir, mobilizar y politizar</h2> <p class="origd">Revue internationale des études du développement n°256 (2024-3)</p> </div> <div class="mapuce2">*&nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;&nbsp;*</div> <p id="pubdate"> Publié le jeudi 07 septembre 2023 </p> <div id="texte"> <div id="resume"> <p class="intitule">Résumé</p> <div class="tabMenu"><a href="#resume-1093963-fr" hreflang="fr" class="active">Français</a>&#32;<a href="#resume-1093963-en" hreflang="en">English</a>&#32;<a href="#resume-1093963-es" hreflang="es">Español</a>&#32;</div> <div id="resume-1093963-fr" class="tabContent" lang="fr" xml:lang="fr"> <p class="texte" style="text-align: left;">Le premier objectif de ce dossier de la <em>Revue internationale des &eacute;tudes du d&eacute;veloppement</em> est d&rsquo;ordre m&eacute;thodologique&nbsp;:&nbsp;le regain d&rsquo;int&eacute;r&ecirc;t pour les archives du d&eacute;veloppement suscite des interrogations, en particulier chez les jeunes chercheur&middot;es, quant &agrave; la fa&ccedil;on de les identifier, de les collecter, de les utiliser, et quant &agrave; leurs limites. Le dossier offrira ainsi un ensemble de points de rep&egrave;re m&eacute;thodologiques &agrave; qui souhaite mobiliser ces archives. Le second objectif sera de poser les premi&egrave;res bases d&rsquo;un projet plus ambitieux d&rsquo;&eacute;tude des archives du d&eacute;veloppement dans une perspective &agrave; la crois&eacute;e de l&rsquo;&laquo;&nbsp;histoire connect&eacute;e&nbsp;&raquo; et de la &laquo;&nbsp;sociologie historique globale&nbsp;&raquo;.</p> </div> <div id="resume-1093963-en" class="tabContent hidden" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <p class="texte" style="text-align: left;">The first aim of this Special Issue is methodological: the renewed interest in development archives raises questions, particularly among young researchers, about how to identify, collect, and use them, and about their limits. The special issue will thus offer a set of methodological reference points to anyone wishing to use such archives. The second aim will be to lay the foundations for a more ambitious project to study development archives from a perspective at the crossroads of &ldquo;connected history&rdquo; and &ldquo;global historical sociology&rdquo;.</p> </div> <div id="resume-1093963-es" class="tabContent hidden" lang="es" xml:lang="es"> <p class="texte" style="text-align: left;">A trav&eacute;s de las diferentes contribuciones seleccionadas, el dosier perseguir&aacute; diversos objetivos. El primero es de orden metodol&oacute;gico: el aumento de inter&eacute;s por los archivos del desarrollo suscita interrogantes, en particular, en los j&oacute;venes investigadores e investigadoras en cuanto al modo de identificarlos, recolectarlos, utilizarlos y en lo referido a sus l&iacute;mites. Por ello, el dosier ofrecer&aacute; un conjunto de elementos de referencia metodol&oacute;gica a quien desee movilizar estos archivos. El segundo objetivo de este dosier ser&aacute; fundar las primeras bases de un proyecto m&aacute;s ambicioso de estudio de los archivos del desarrollo desde una perspectiva en la encrucijada de la &ldquo;historia conectada&rdquo; y de la &ldquo;sociolog&iacute;a hist&oacute;rica global&rdquo;.</p> </div> </div> <div id="annonce"> <p class="intitule">Annonce</p> <div class="tabMenu"><a href="#annonce-1093963-fr" hreflang="fr" class="active">Français</a>&#32;<a href="#annonce-1093963-en" hreflang="en">English</a>&#32;<a href="#annonce-1093963-es" hreflang="es">Español</a>&#32;</div> <div id="annonce-1093963-fr" class="tabContent" lang="fr" xml:lang="fr"> <p style="text-align: left;"><em>Revue internationale des &eacute;tudes du d&eacute;veloppement</em> n&deg;256 (2024-3)</p> <h1>Coordination du num&eacute;ro&nbsp;</h1> <ul> <li>Yasmina Aziki, historienne, docteure de l&rsquo;Universit&eacute; Paris-1 Panth&eacute;on-Sorbonne</li> <li>Camille Al Dabaghy, politiste et sociologue, MCF &agrave; l&rsquo;Universit&eacute;&nbsp;Paris-8 Vincennes Saint-Denis</li> <li>Quentin Deforge, politiste et sociologue, post-doctorant &agrave; l&rsquo;Universit&eacute; libre de Bruxelles</li> </ul> <h1>Argumentaire</h1> <h3>Un int&eacute;r&ecirc;t croissant pour l&rsquo;histoire du d&eacute;veloppement et ses archives</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">Dans le champ des &eacute;tudes du d&eacute;veloppement, on observe depuis les ann&eacute;es&nbsp;2010 la multiplication de travaux s&rsquo;inscrivant dans une perspective historique ou socio-historique (Badel, 2014&thinsp;; Calandri, 2019; Kott, 2011). C&rsquo;est particuli&egrave;rement le cas en histoire. L&rsquo;&eacute;mergence de l&rsquo;histoire globale et celle de l&rsquo;histoire des relations internationales ont permis le renouvellement d&rsquo;une historiographie jusqu&rsquo;ici essentiellement focalis&eacute;e sur les politiques nationales de d&eacute;veloppement dans le contexte de guerre froide (Ekbladh, 2010&thinsp;; Garavini, 2019&thinsp;; Latham, 2000). Cela participe d&rsquo;une approche novatrice, n&eacute;cessaire pour appr&eacute;hender la question du d&eacute;veloppement au plus pr&egrave;s des r&eacute;alit&eacute;s des pays du Sud, en d&eacute;passant le seul prisme de lecture des &Eacute;tats, et en s&rsquo;int&eacute;ressant au jeu de structures interm&eacute;diaires hybrides telles que les organisations transnationales, les commissions sp&eacute;ciales, les groupes d&rsquo;influence ou les experts (Badel, 2014&thinsp;; Frank, 2012; Unger, 2018). Cette tendance s&rsquo;observe aussi dans d&rsquo;autres disciplines des sciences sociales. Elle a notamment permis d&rsquo;interroger la continuit&eacute; entre l'administration coloniale et les politiques de d&eacute;veloppement &agrave; partir du cas de l&rsquo;Union europ&eacute;enne (Dimier, 2014). &Agrave; la crois&eacute;e de ces disciplines, cet int&eacute;r&ecirc;t pour le pass&eacute; du d&eacute;veloppement a &eacute;galement conduit &agrave; s&rsquo;int&eacute;resser &agrave; la nostalgie du d&eacute;veloppement (Lachenal et Mbodj-Pouye, 2014), &agrave; sa &laquo;&thinsp;m&eacute;moire&thinsp;&raquo; (Brun et Fortun&eacute;, 2022), ou encore &agrave; la fa&ccedil;on dont des politiques &laquo;&thinsp;globales&thinsp;&raquo; ont marqu&eacute; l&rsquo;histoire sociale au Sud (Daklhi &amp; Bonnecase, 2021). En parall&egrave;le, aux fronti&egrave;res du champ acad&eacute;mique, des professionnels du d&eacute;veloppement &ndash; en poste ou &agrave; la retraite &ndash; ont &eacute;galement cherch&eacute; &agrave; restituer la m&eacute;moire des administrations et des professionnels du d&eacute;veloppement (Pacquement, 2021), contribuant &agrave; en construire leur propre r&eacute;cit.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Alors que des travaux fondateurs en &eacute;tudes du d&eacute;veloppement restaient relativement silencieux sur le mat&eacute;riau historique utilis&eacute; (Escobar, 1995&thinsp;; Rist, 1996), cet int&eacute;r&ecirc;t croissant pour une perspective historique a eu, pour corollaire, la mobilisation d&rsquo;une grande diversit&eacute; d&rsquo;archives. En histoire, cela a conduit &agrave; ouvrir les archives des organisations internationales (Herren, 2014), en les articulant parfois avec celles des pays du Sud (Aziki, 2019&thinsp;; Blanc, 2019). Dans les autres disciplines, les chercheurs et chercheuses ont eu recours &agrave; des documents qui ne sont pas des archives au sens strict (conserv&eacute;s, class&eacute;s et inventori&eacute;s par des institutions d&eacute;di&eacute;es)&nbsp;: des documents internes rendus publics par les organisations de d&eacute;veloppement au nom de la transparence (Schrader, 2019), des documents qui, sous le terme de &laquo;&thinsp;litt&eacute;rature grise&thinsp;&raquo;, peuvent permettre de retracer l&rsquo;&eacute;volution d&rsquo;un projet (Parizet, 2016), des archives priv&eacute;es de diplomates et d&rsquo;experts des pays du Sud (Thornton, 2021), ou encore des archives de la diplomatie &eacute;tasunienne pr&eacute;sentes sur Wikileaks (Deforge &amp; Lemoine, 2021).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Ces pistes dessinent des horizons prometteurs pour les enqu&ecirc;tes &agrave; venir. D&rsquo;abord, elles rendent possible un d&eacute;centrement du d&eacute;veloppement dans le sillage de l&rsquo;&laquo;&thinsp;histoire connect&eacute;e&thinsp;&raquo; (Subrahmanyam, 2014) et de la &laquo;&thinsp;sociologie historique globale&thinsp;&raquo; (Go &amp; Lawson, 2017). En mobilisant des archives du Sud, l&rsquo;on abonde vers la proposition faite de &laquo;&thinsp;provincialiser&thinsp;&raquo; le Nord (Chakrabarty, 2006) pour saisir l&rsquo;&eacute;mergence du d&eacute;veloppement, comme projet politique transnational, depuis les repr&eacute;sentations et les pratiques, les champs d&rsquo;exp&eacute;rience et les horizons d&rsquo;attente (Koselleck, 1987) des soci&eacute;t&eacute;s Sud. On renonce ainsi &agrave; une histoire du d&eacute;veloppement comme &laquo;&thinsp;diffusion de th&eacute;ories et pratiques du nord global au sud global&thinsp;&raquo; (Macekura et Manela, 2018, p.11). Ensuite, ces d&eacute;veloppements ouvrent la voie &agrave; une &laquo;&thinsp;nouvelle g&eacute;n&eacute;alogie&thinsp;&raquo; du d&eacute;veloppement (Thornton, 2023), qui d&eacute;passerait une historiographie focalis&eacute;e sur l&rsquo;apr&egrave;s-Seconde Guerre mondiale et sur la d&eacute;colonisation (Unger, 2018), masquant notamment les racines coloniales du d&eacute;veloppement (Cooper, 2010). Dans une perspective moins eurocentr&eacute;e, cela permet de voir en quoi certains diplomates ou experts au Sud ont &eacute;t&eacute; non seulement les sujets mais aussi les acteurs de la construction politique du d&eacute;veloppement (Prashad, 2008&thinsp;; Thornton, 2021). Cette diversification des mat&eacute;riaux permet &eacute;galement de faire appara&icirc;tre les luttes politiques, en termes de concurrences, de n&eacute;gociations et de variations auxquelles a donn&eacute; lieu le projet occidental du d&eacute;veloppement &ndash; par exemple la concurrence entre le projet occidental et le projet sovi&eacute;tique pendant la guerre froide (Westad, 2007). Enfin, et c&rsquo;est l&agrave; un enjeu particuli&egrave;rement important de ce dossier, en consid&eacute;rant l&rsquo;omnipr&eacute;sence des acteurs du d&eacute;veloppement dans les pays du Sud, dans des secteurs aussi divers que les politiques &eacute;ducatives, le d&eacute;veloppement agricole ou encore la sant&eacute;, l&rsquo;usage de ces archives ouvre la possibilit&eacute; de proposer une histoire de l&rsquo;extraversion <em>via</em> le d&eacute;veloppement des &Eacute;tats post-coloniaux (Bayart, 1999). Ces archives sont donc appr&eacute;hend&eacute;es ici comme une part d&rsquo;histoire des Suds, souvent conserv&eacute;e au Nord, qu&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;interroger.</p> <h3>Questionner la production et l&rsquo;usage des archives du d&eacute;veloppement</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">Pourtant, jusqu&rsquo;ici, ces dynamiques ne se sont accompagn&eacute;es ni d&rsquo;un travail r&eacute;flexif, ni d&rsquo;une discussion m&eacute;thodologique approfondie sur ce type de mat&eacute;riaux (leur s&eacute;lection, leur mobilisation, leurs limites), tel que cela peut &ecirc;tre le cas, par exemple, en histoire o&ugrave; certains chercheurs proposent une &eacute;tude critique des archives comme pr&eacute;alable n&eacute;cessaire &agrave; leur exploitation (Anheim, 2019&thinsp;; Derrida, 1995&thinsp;; Foucault, 1969). L&rsquo;objectif de ce dossier est donc de s&rsquo;arr&ecirc;ter sur ces questions, pour permettre &agrave; ce renouveau des travaux sur le d&eacute;veloppement de s&rsquo;appuyer sur un examen critique des mat&eacute;riaux. Ce dossier invite pour cela les contributeurs et contributrices &agrave; red&eacute;ployer dans le champ des &eacute;tudes du d&eacute;veloppement des questionnements issus de plusieurs espaces acad&eacute;miques. Il se fonde ainsi sur l&rsquo;hypoth&egrave;se selon laquelle les archives du d&eacute;veloppement, tout en se pr&ecirc;tant &agrave; des questionnements plus g&eacute;n&eacute;raux, sont porteuses d&rsquo;enjeux sp&eacute;cifiques. Ceux-ci peuvent &ecirc;tre li&eacute;s &agrave; la multiplicit&eacute; des acteurs intervenants au nom du d&eacute;veloppement, &agrave; la sp&eacute;cificit&eacute; des rapports de pouvoir Nord/Sud dans les projets de d&eacute;veloppement, notamment &agrave; la centralit&eacute; des savoirs et de l&rsquo;&eacute;criture dans la l&eacute;gitimation des asym&eacute;tries qui &eacute;tayent l&rsquo;aide au d&eacute;veloppement, et, incidemment, au fait que certains de ces acteurs disposent de capacit&eacute;s financi&egrave;res et techniques qui leur permettent de produire, de diffuser, voire d&rsquo;imposer leurs propres r&eacute;cits historiques du d&eacute;veloppement.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Une premi&egrave;re mani&egrave;re d&rsquo;aborder la question des archives du d&eacute;veloppement est de se demander quelles archives&nbsp;&ndash; et plus largement quels mat&eacute;riaux historiques &ndash; sont ou peuvent &ecirc;tre mobilis&eacute;s et, en miroir, lesquels ne sont pas mobilis&eacute;s. Que faire de l&rsquo;invitation d&eacute;j&agrave; ancienne de la socio-anthropologie du d&eacute;veloppement &agrave; traiter &laquo;&thinsp;l&rsquo;ensemble de la cha&icirc;ne du d&eacute;veloppement&thinsp;&raquo; (Copans, 2011) sur le plan des archives&thinsp;? Il est question ici de la multitude d&rsquo;acteurs impliqu&eacute;s dans les politiques de d&eacute;veloppement, des si&egrave;ges des agences d&rsquo;aide aux terrains locaux d&rsquo;intervention en passant par les bureaux et minist&egrave;res des capitales Sud, des agences &laquo;&thinsp;commanditaires&thinsp;&raquo; aux populations et institutions dites &laquo;&thinsp;b&eacute;n&eacute;ficiaires&thinsp;&raquo; en passant par les ONG et bureaux d&rsquo;&eacute;tudes &laquo;&thinsp;prestataires&thinsp;&raquo;. &Agrave; la crois&eacute;e de l&rsquo;appel &agrave; une &laquo;&thinsp;anthropologie sym&eacute;trique entre d&eacute;veloppeurs et d&eacute;velopp&eacute;s&thinsp;&raquo; (Lavigne-Delville, 2011) et de l&rsquo;appel &agrave; sym&eacute;triser et connecter les sources historiques, &agrave; travailler sur des archives &laquo;&thinsp;&agrave; parts &eacute;gales&thinsp;&raquo; (Bertrand, 2014&nbsp;; Piton, 2022), comment croiser archives des &laquo;&thinsp;d&eacute;veloppeurs&thinsp;&raquo; (Nord et Sud) et archives des &laquo;&thinsp;d&eacute;velopp&eacute;s&thinsp;&raquo;&thinsp;?</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Une deuxi&egrave;me mani&egrave;re d&rsquo;aborder la question des archives dans l&rsquo;historiographie du d&eacute;veloppement est de se demander comment celles-ci sont utilis&eacute;es, ou plus pr&eacute;cis&eacute;ment, comment l&rsquo;analyse des conditions de production et d&rsquo;accessibilit&eacute; des archives peut &ecirc;tre articul&eacute;e &agrave; l'&eacute;tude du d&eacute;veloppement. Si la r&eacute;flexion sur l&rsquo;usage des archives en science politique est stimulante (Garrigou, 1989&thinsp;; Gayon, 2016), c&rsquo;est du c&ocirc;t&eacute; de l&rsquo;histoire, et de l&rsquo;histoire coloniale en particulier, qu&rsquo;il nous semble y avoir mati&egrave;re &agrave; penser. En t&eacute;moignent les luttes politiques quant &agrave; l&rsquo;ouverture et &agrave; la d&eacute;classification des archives charni&egrave;res pour l&rsquo;histoire coloniale et postcoloniale (Th&eacute;nault, 2022). Au c&oelig;ur de l&rsquo;<em>archival turn</em>, l&rsquo;anthropologue et historienne Ann Laura Stoler a d&eacute;fendu une approche <em>ethnographique</em> des archives coloniales comme dispositifs de production et d&rsquo;authentification de savoirs incorporant et confortant des rapports de pouvoir, comme instrument de gouvernement, en opposition &agrave; une approche extractive des archives qui consiste &agrave; y pr&eacute;lever des noms et des &eacute;v&eacute;nements, des faits dont on soup&egrave;se la v&eacute;racit&eacute; (Stoler, 2002). Cela nous invite &agrave; prendre en compte non seulement des conditions de production des documents, mais des conditions politiques et sociales de leur (non-)archivage, (non-)conservation et (non-)accessibilit&eacute; (Poncet, 2019). Cela nous appelle &agrave; penser &laquo;&thinsp;ce que la soci&eacute;t&eacute; fait aux archives&thinsp;&raquo; en tant qu&rsquo;elle mod&egrave;le les op&eacute;rations archivistiques et &laquo;&thinsp;ce que les archives font &agrave; la soci&eacute;t&eacute;&thinsp;&raquo; (Poncet, 2019), notamment en construisant des groupes sociaux, mais aussi en invisibilisant certains d&rsquo;entre eux, en les privant d&rsquo;un rapport &eacute;crit au pass&eacute;, et en confortant ainsi plus largement des dominations &ndash; c&rsquo;est le sens de la critique postcoloniale et f&eacute;ministe des archives (Burton, 2003&thinsp;; Joseph, 2004&thinsp;; Pouchepadass, 2008&thinsp;; Spivak, 1988). Passer &laquo;&thinsp;des archives comme sources aux archives comme objet&thinsp;&raquo; (Stoler, 2002) nous am&egrave;nerait &agrave; pouvoir &eacute;clairer la &laquo;&thinsp;situation d&eacute;veloppementiste&thinsp;&raquo;, dans le prolongement de la &laquo;&thinsp;situation coloniale&thinsp;&raquo;, les modalit&eacute;s et cat&eacute;gories de l&rsquo;exercice du pouvoir, leur &eacute;volution dans le temps, &agrave; partir des pratiques d&rsquo;archivage tout au long de la cha&icirc;ne de production des politiques de d&eacute;veloppement, autrement dit, &agrave; partir de la structuration et de la mat&eacute;rialit&eacute; des archives du d&eacute;veloppement. Cette approche nous semble particuli&egrave;rement prometteuse pour interroger la fa&ccedil;on dont les acteurs du d&eacute;veloppement produisent, &agrave; travers leurs archives, une certaine mise en r&eacute;cit, et par cons&eacute;quent une certaine repr&eacute;sentation politique du d&eacute;veloppement. Elle permet ainsi d&rsquo;interroger les rapports de pouvoir que cette mise en r&eacute;cit refl&egrave;te et conforte (Duclert, 2015), par exemple entre organisations internationales et acteurs nationaux du d&eacute;veloppement.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Ces enjeux sont, bien entendu, &agrave; articuler avec les questionnements r&eacute;cents de l'historiographie africaine. On pense &agrave; celui de l&rsquo;acc&egrave;s in&eacute;gal aux sources des chercheurs et chercheuses Nord et Sud, &agrave; celui de la souverainet&eacute; des archives (Potin, 2015), celui des effets de r&eacute;el cr&eacute;&eacute;s par la constitution et l&rsquo;ouverture de certains fonds. Cela nous semble particuli&egrave;rement important &agrave; l&rsquo;heure o&ugrave; la digitalisation des archives bouleverse les conditions de conservation et d&rsquo;accessibilit&eacute; et o&ugrave; certaines organisations internationales, au titre de la &laquo;&thinsp;transparence&thinsp;&raquo;, num&eacute;risent et mettent en ligne une grande partie de leurs archives, entretenant et orientant la m&eacute;moire de leurs interventions dans les pays du sud (Chamelot, Hiribarren, Rodet, 2020&thinsp;; Emmerij, 2005&thinsp;; Fou&eacute;r&eacute; et al., 2020). Enfin, une part importante des r&eacute;flexions sur les enjeux de pouvoir relatifs aux archives coloniales (notamment Chamelot, 2019), et sur la menace d&rsquo;une disparition de certaines archives (Keese &amp; Owabira, 2020) auraient tout int&eacute;r&ecirc;t &agrave; &ecirc;tre red&eacute;ploy&eacute;es sur les archives du d&eacute;veloppement.</p> <h1>Axes de recherche</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">Pour orienter les contributions &agrave; ce dossier, nous proposons deux axes de recherche, &eacute;tant entendu qu&rsquo;un article pourra s&rsquo;inscrire dans les deux axes.</p> <h3>Axe&nbsp;1 &ndash; Archives du d&eacute;veloppement&nbsp;: production, conservation, et politisation</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">- Production d&rsquo;archives et processus d&rsquo;archivage&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Analyser les processus et les pratiques par lesquels les acteurs du d&eacute;veloppement produisent des archives est indispensable pour engager une r&eacute;flexion sur leurs usages possibles. Comment sont collect&eacute;s, tri&eacute;s, organis&eacute;s et conserv&eacute;s les documents produits, re&ccedil;us et collect&eacute;s par ces acteurs&thinsp;? Dans quelle mesure les projets et acteurs du d&eacute;veloppement font-ils l&rsquo;objet de processus d&rsquo;archivage sp&eacute;cifiques&thinsp;? Qui sont les historiens, historiennes, archivistes qui prennent en charge ces processus&thinsp;? Existe-t-il des entrepreneurs priv&eacute;s des archives&thinsp;? Comment ces pratiques se confrontent-elles &agrave; la profusion de documents, en particulier depuis le d&eacute;veloppement de l&rsquo;informatique&thinsp;? Plus largement, est-on en train de conserver ces archives ou est-on en train de les perdre au fur et &agrave; mesure de la cl&ocirc;ture des projets et du d&eacute;part &agrave; la retraite et du d&eacute;c&egrave;s des professionnels impliqu&eacute;s&thinsp;? Quel r&ocirc;le jouent les chercheurs et chercheuses dans la constitution des archives, &agrave; travers nos pratiques d&rsquo;enqu&ecirc;te ou de restitution, &agrave; travers nos relations avec les acteurs sociaux qui sont en demande d&rsquo;archives, &agrave; travers nos relations avec les administrations productrices d&rsquo;archives ou avec les administrations qui construisent, conservent et donnent acc&egrave;s aux archives&thinsp;? Enfin, ces processus et ces pratiques d&rsquo;archivage font-ils l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;un traitement autonome parmi les acteurs concern&eacute;s, ou sont-ils &eacute;troitement imbriqu&eacute;s &agrave; certains objectifs, par exemple financiers ou politiques&thinsp;?</p> <p style="text-align: left;">- Conservation, diffusion, acc&egrave;s</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Se pose ensuite un certain nombre de questions quant &agrave; la fa&ccedil;on dont ces archives sont conserv&eacute;es et mises &agrave; disposition. O&ugrave; ces archives sont-elles conserv&eacute;es&thinsp;? Dans le cas des organisations internationales, sont-elles conserv&eacute;es dans les pays d&rsquo;interventions ou rassembl&eacute;es dans les si&egrave;ges&thinsp;? Dans quelle mesure les documents archivables sont-ils consultables et consult&eacute;s en interne, au sein de ses organisations d&rsquo;aide au d&eacute;veloppement&thinsp;? Quel acc&egrave;s effectif les chercheurs et chercheuses du Sud ont-iels &agrave; ces archives&thinsp;? Comment sont mis en place les processus de num&eacute;risation d&rsquo;archives&thinsp;? Comment sont op&eacute;r&eacute;s les choix de num&eacute;risation&thinsp;? Dans quelle mesure les projets de sauvetage et num&eacute;risation d&rsquo;archives africaines, sud-am&eacute;ricaines ou asiatiques concernent-ils les politiques et projets de d&eacute;veloppement post-ind&eacute;pendances&thinsp;? Dans quelle mesure le risque de digital imperialism redouble-t-il la domination d&eacute;veloppementiste&thinsp;? Plus g&eacute;n&eacute;ralement, dans quelle mesure ces enjeux de conservation, de diffusion et d&rsquo;acc&egrave;s, sont-ils appr&eacute;hend&eacute;s par les diff&eacute;rents acteurs comme s&rsquo;int&eacute;grant dans une dimension politique plus large visant &agrave; produire l&rsquo;histoire du d&eacute;veloppement&thinsp;?</p> <p style="text-align: left;">- Souverainet&eacute;, secret et politisation</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Ces archives peuvent ensuite faire l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;enjeux de pouvoir, entre &Eacute;tats mais aussi entre organisations, et plus largement de processus de politisation. En quoi les acteurs du d&eacute;veloppement, Nord et Sud, utilisent-ils leurs pratiques de production, conservation et diffusion des archives pour imposer leur propre repr&eacute;sentation politique et leur propre r&eacute;cit du d&eacute;veloppement&thinsp;? Comment s&rsquo;alimentent r&eacute;ciproquement labellisation des corpus d&rsquo;une part et l&eacute;gitimation des institutions ou politiques de d&eacute;veloppement d&rsquo;autre part&thinsp;? Et inversement, dans quelle mesure les archives des projets de d&eacute;veloppement font-elles l&rsquo;objet de secret&thinsp;? Dans quelle mesure, par ailleurs, pour un &Eacute;tat, les archives peuvent-elles &ecirc;tre vectrices d&rsquo;ind&eacute;pendance et de r&eacute;appropriation de sa propre histoire, de sa m&eacute;moire&thinsp;? Quelles sont les demandes sociales dont elles feraient l&rsquo;objet&thinsp;? Dans quelle mesure sont-elles consid&eacute;r&eacute;es comme un objet de souverainet&eacute;&thinsp;? Ces archives du d&eacute;veloppement font-elles l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;une r&eacute;flexion en termes de restitution au m&ecirc;me titre que les archives coloniales&thinsp;? De batailles m&eacute;morielles &agrave; bas bruit&thinsp;? Dans quelle mesure les demandes sociales autour de ces archives permettent-elles d&rsquo;&eacute;clairer les usages du d&eacute;veloppement comme levier politique ou d&rsquo;influence&thinsp;? Plus largement, dans quels contextes, les archives du d&eacute;veloppement deviennent-elles des objets politiques&thinsp;?</p> <h3>Axe&nbsp;2 &ndash; Archives du d&eacute;veloppement&nbsp;: mat&eacute;riaux, m&eacute;thodes et r&eacute;flexivit&eacute;</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">- Diversit&eacute; des &laquo;&thinsp;archives du d&eacute;veloppement&thinsp;&raquo;</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Les travaux recens&eacute;s t&eacute;moignent d&rsquo;une tr&egrave;s grande diversit&eacute; de documents mobilis&eacute;s&nbsp;: des documents issus de fonds d&rsquo;archives (priv&eacute;es ou publiques) au sens strict du terme, mais aussi toute une documentation collect&eacute;e directement aupr&egrave;s des acteurs qui les produisent ou les re&ccedil;oivent&nbsp;: des documents produits par des administrations qui ne sont pas archiv&eacute;es ou qui ne sont pas trouv&eacute;es par les chercheurs dans des archives (notamment la litt&eacute;rature &laquo;&thinsp;grise&thinsp;&raquo; relative aux projets de d&eacute;veloppement et politiques publiques &ndash; documents programmatiques, &eacute;valuations, comptes-rendus de r&eacute;unions, etc.), des coupures de presse et des publications en ligne, des correspondances et mails, des CV, des archives orales, etc. Comment les types de traces mobilis&eacute;es ont-ils &eacute;volu&eacute;&thinsp;? Comment l&rsquo;h&eacute;t&eacute;rog&eacute;n&eacute;it&eacute; de ces mat&eacute;riaux est-elle appr&eacute;hend&eacute;e et trait&eacute;e&thinsp;? Dans quelle mesure ces mat&eacute;riaux sont-ils rendus publics apr&egrave;s avoir &eacute;t&eacute; analys&eacute;s&thinsp;? Existe-t-il des mat&eacute;riaux plus l&eacute;gitimes que d&rsquo;autres&thinsp;? Dans quelle mesure l&rsquo;h&eacute;t&eacute;rog&eacute;n&eacute;it&eacute; des mat&eacute;riaux disponibles et de la valeur qui leur est accord&eacute;e contribue-t-telle &agrave; reproduire les rapports de pouvoir, par exemple entre &laquo;&thinsp;d&eacute;veloppeurs&thinsp;&raquo; et &laquo;&thinsp;d&eacute;velopp&eacute;s&thinsp;&raquo;&thinsp;?</p> <p style="text-align: left;">- M&eacute;thodes et pratiques&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: left;">La recension des travaux sur le d&eacute;veloppement am&egrave;ne &eacute;galement &agrave; identifier plusieurs objectifs assign&eacute;s &agrave; l&rsquo;exploitation de ces archives&nbsp;: cartographier un espace expert, documenter un projet local, &eacute;tudier un processus de circulation, un processus de n&eacute;gociation de projet, retracer des pratiques, carri&egrave;res et groupes professionnels, saisir les cat&eacute;gories qui sous-tendent les politiques de d&eacute;veloppement, reconstituer l&rsquo;&eacute;volution d&rsquo;un paradigme d&rsquo;intervention. Il s&rsquo;agira ici d&rsquo;objectiver les m&eacute;thodes employ&eacute;es et de discuter de leur r&eacute;plicabilit&eacute;. Nous esp&eacute;rons aussi r&eacute;fl&eacute;chir &agrave; la syst&eacute;matisation et l'objectivation des donn&eacute;es pr&eacute;sentes dans ces archives. Comment exploiter rigoureusement des documents qui ne sont pas des archives au sens de l&rsquo;historien&thinsp;(class&eacute;es et inventori&eacute;es par des archivistes)&thinsp;? En quoi les donn&eacute;es issues du travail num&eacute;rique des acteurs du d&eacute;veloppement ouvrent-elles la voie &agrave; de nouvelles m&eacute;thodes&thinsp;? Un enjeu important ici est de s&rsquo;interroger et de proposer des m&eacute;thodes qui puissent permettre d&rsquo;objectiver la construction du d&eacute;veloppement comme projet politique. Par exemple, comment restituer les conflits et n&eacute;gociations entre plusieurs projets distincts ou entre plusieurs repr&eacute;sentations politiques du d&eacute;veloppement&thinsp;?</p> <p style="text-align: left;">- Engagement r&eacute;flexif&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Mais cet axe de recherche vise aussi &agrave; ouvrir une r&eacute;flexion sur nos rapports plus ou moins extractifs ou ethnographiques aux archives, sur notre prise en compte de la production, de la conservation, de la logique des archives (et non pas seulement de leur contenu) dans l&rsquo;analyse de nos objets de recherche. Quelles archives cherche-t-on, trouve-t-on, s&eacute;lectionne-t-on et,<em> in fine</em>, mobilise-t-on, et pourquoi&thinsp;? Existe-t-il des documents archiv&eacute;s que nous ne mobilisons pas, et, si oui, pourquoi&thinsp;? Quels effets de r&eacute;el produisent les diff&eacute;rences de nature entre nos sources Nord et Sud&thinsp;? Quels enjeux diplomatiques et strat&eacute;giques l'acc&egrave;s aux archives fait-il ressortir&thinsp;? Dans les fonds que nous mobilisons, qu&rsquo;est-ce que les logiques de tri et de classement disent de nos objets&thinsp;? Quelle r&eacute;gularit&eacute; observe-t-on sur ce qui peut &ecirc;tre dit et qu&rsquo;est-ce qui ne peut pas l&rsquo;&ecirc;tre&thinsp;? De qui parle-t-on et de qui ne parle-t-on pas, mais aussi quels scribes apparaissent clairement et quels autres sont effac&eacute;s&thinsp;? Qu&rsquo;est-ce qui fait ou ne fait pas &eacute;v&eacute;nement&thinsp;? &Agrave; quoi et &agrave; qui est accord&eacute;e de l&rsquo;importance&thinsp;? Quel r&eacute;gime de v&eacute;rit&eacute; et quel r&eacute;gime d&rsquo;historicit&eacute; s&rsquo;y dessinent&thinsp;? Quelles sont les micro-r&eacute;sistances qui affleurent&thinsp;? Quels points de dissensions apparaissent&thinsp;? Quel est le projet moral et politique qui est &eacute;tay&eacute; par ces conventions, cat&eacute;gories et r&eacute;gularit&eacute;s&thinsp;? Comment les chercheurs et chercheuses prennent-ils et prennent-elles part, par leur usage des archives (num&eacute;risation, mobilisation, diffusion), aux projets moraux et politiques, des &laquo;&thinsp;d&eacute;veloppeurs&thinsp;&raquo; et des &laquo;&thinsp;d&eacute;velopp&eacute;s&thinsp;&raquo;, Nord et Sud&thinsp;? Enfin, dans quelle mesure les pratiques de recherche contribuent-elles, en fonction des archives disponibles, &agrave; reproduire les m&eacute;canismes d&rsquo;invisibilisation de certains acteurs, en particulier au Sud, et plus largement &agrave; reproduire les rapports de pouvoir propres aux activit&eacute;s de d&eacute;veloppement&thinsp;?</p> <h1>Propositions attendues et objectifs du dossier</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">&Agrave; travers les diff&eacute;rentes contributions s&eacute;lectionn&eacute;es, le dossier poursuivra plusieurs objectifs.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Le premier objectif est d&rsquo;ordre m&eacute;thodologique&nbsp;: le regain d&rsquo;int&eacute;r&ecirc;t pour les archives du d&eacute;veloppement suscite des interrogations, en particulier chez les jeunes chercheur.es, quant &agrave; la fa&ccedil;on de les identifier, de les collecter, de les utiliser, et quant &agrave; leurs limites. Le dossier offrira ainsi un ensemble de points de rep&egrave;re m&eacute;thodologiques &agrave; qui souhaite mobiliser ces archives.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Le second objectif de ce dossier sera de poser les premi&egrave;res bases d&rsquo;un projet plus ambitieux d&rsquo;&eacute;tude des archives du d&eacute;veloppement dans une perspective &agrave; la crois&eacute;e de l&rsquo;&laquo;&thinsp;histoire connect&eacute;e&thinsp;&raquo; (Subrahmanyam, 2014) et de la &laquo;&thinsp;sociologie historique globale&thinsp;&raquo; (Go &amp; Lawson, 2017). &Eacute;tudier dans une certaine sym&eacute;trie les archives entre &laquo;&thinsp;d&eacute;veloppeurs&thinsp;&raquo; et &laquo;&thinsp;d&eacute;velopp&eacute;s&thinsp;&raquo;, dans l&rsquo;objectif par exemple de renouveler l&rsquo;histoire des &Eacute;tats post-coloniaux, n&eacute;cessite en effet d&rsquo;avoir une connaissance plus fine des archives existantes, et une consolidation des m&eacute;thodes utilis&eacute;es pour les utiliser. Cela n&eacute;cessite &eacute;galement de savoir comment et par qui ces archives ont &eacute;t&eacute; constitu&eacute;es et dans quelle mesure elle donne la voix aux acteurs des Suds.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Enfin, ce dossier aura pour troisi&egrave;me objectif de nourrir une r&eacute;flexion Nord-Sud quant &agrave; la conservation des archives et plus largement aux m&eacute;moires du d&eacute;veloppement. L&rsquo;une des hypoth&egrave;ses sur lesquelles s&rsquo;appuie ce dossier est en effet celle d&rsquo;une asym&eacute;trie importante entre chercheurs et chercheuses des Nord et des Suds dans la possibilit&eacute; d&rsquo;avoir acc&egrave;s &agrave; ces archives, appr&eacute;hend&eacute;es comme une part par cons&eacute;quent inaccessible de l&rsquo;histoire des &Eacute;tats et des soci&eacute;t&eacute;s des Suds. Ce dossier am&egrave;nera &agrave; objectiver ces asym&eacute;tries d&rsquo;acc&egrave;s, et pourra permettre de poser les fondements d&rsquo;un travail r&eacute;flexif sur la conservation, l&rsquo;acc&egrave;s et la possibilit&eacute; d&rsquo;une restitution de ces archives. Il participe donc plus g&eacute;n&eacute;ralement &agrave; nourrir un effort collectif de r&eacute;flexivit&eacute; sur les fondamentaux &eacute;pist&eacute;mologiques, m&eacute;thodologiques et &eacute;thiques des sciences sociales en contexte post-colonial (Fou&eacute;r&eacute; et al., 2020).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Le dossier s&rsquo;inscrit dans une conception unitaire de sciences sociales. Si des propositions sont attendues en histoire, les chercheuses et chercheurs en sociologie et en science politique mobilisant des archives sont donc vivement invit&eacute;s &agrave; soumettre une proposition. Le dossier se pr&ecirc;tera &eacute;galement &agrave; des propositions venues de disciplines moins attendues, comme, par exemple, des &eacute;conomistes ou des d&eacute;mographes utilisant ces archives dans une approche quantitative, ou des anthropologues ayant &eacute;t&eacute; amen&eacute;s &agrave; s&rsquo;int&eacute;resser &agrave; un processus d&rsquo;archivage. Le dossier cherchera &agrave; rassembler des propositions portant sur des types d&rsquo;archives, d&rsquo;institutions et de processus diff&eacute;rents&nbsp;: archives &eacute;crites, archives orales, archives d&rsquo;institutions locales, archives d&rsquo;organisations internationales, archives personnelles, archives de presse, etc. L&rsquo;objectif est &eacute;galement, dans la mesure du possible, de rassembler des contributions portant sur des aires g&eacute;ographies diff&eacute;rentes, pour donner au dossier une port&eacute;e &agrave; la fois globale et comparative.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Plusieurs dossiers ont &eacute;t&eacute; coordonn&eacute;s ces derni&egrave;res ann&eacute;es qui pourront &ecirc;tre utilis&eacute;s comme r&eacute;f&eacute;rences, sans pour autant avoir port&eacute; directement sur les archives du d&eacute;veloppement. On peut citer plusieurs dossiers portant sur le d&eacute;veloppement, comme dans la revue <em>Politique africaine</em> sur les &laquo;&thinsp;restes&thinsp;&raquo; et les &laquo;&thinsp;ruines&thinsp;&raquo; du d&eacute;veloppement (Lachenal &amp; Mbodj-Pouye, 2014) et dans la revue <em>Anthropologie et d&eacute;veloppement</em> sur la &laquo;&thinsp;m&eacute;moire&thinsp;&raquo; du d&eacute;veloppement (Brun &amp; Fortun&eacute;, 2022), et plusieurs dossiers plus g&eacute;n&eacute;raux, dans le <em>Journal of Global History</em> sur les organisations internationales et la d&eacute;colonisation (Muschik, 2022), dans la revue <em>Critique internationale</em> sur les organisations internationales comme terrain de socio-histoire de la globalisation (Kott, 2011) ou encore dans la <em>Revue Tiers Monde</em> sur l&rsquo;&eacute;criture de l&rsquo;histoire dans les pays en d&eacute;veloppement (Maurel, 2013).</p> <h1>Modalit&eacute;s de soumission des articles</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">Les auteur&middot;e&middot;s s&rsquo;engagent &agrave; lire la <a href="https://journals.openedition.org/ried/267#tocto1n1">ligne &eacute;ditoriale</a> de la <em>Revue internationale des &eacute;tudes du d&eacute;veloppement</em> et s&rsquo;engagent &agrave; respecter la <a href="https://journals.openedition.org/ried/466">charte &eacute;thique</a>.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Le processus de s&eacute;lection se d&eacute;roule comme suit selon les dates indiqu&eacute;es dans le calendrier de production ci-dessous&nbsp;:</p> <h3>Envoi de la proposition d&rsquo;article</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">Les auteur&middot;e&middot;s envoient un r&eacute;sum&eacute;, en fran&ccedil;ais, anglais, ou espagnol, pr&eacute;sentant le projet d&rsquo;article en environ 4&nbsp;000&nbsp;signes, espaces comprises, soit environ 500&nbsp;mots ou une page.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Le fichier Word du r&eacute;sum&eacute;, intitul&eacute; &laquo;&nbsp;NOM DE L&rsquo;AUTEUR-Proposition-256&nbsp;&raquo;, comprend&nbsp;:</p> <ul> <li>Le titre&nbsp;: court et pr&eacute;cis, de 70 signes maximum (avec possibilit&eacute; d&rsquo;ajouter un sous-titre)</li> <li>La question de recherche, le cadre th&eacute;orique, le terrain &eacute;tudi&eacute;, les principaux r&eacute;sultats</li> <li>Des jalons bibliographiques (hors du d&eacute;compte des signes)</li> </ul> <p style="text-align: left;">Un second fichier Word, intitul&eacute; &laquo;&nbsp;NOM DE L&rsquo;AUTEUR-Infos&nbsp;&raquo; indique de mani&egrave;re exhaustive les noms et pr&eacute;noms des auteur&middot;e&middot;s, leur discipline, statut, rattachement institutionnel, adresses courriel, l'indication de l'auteur correspondant.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Ces &eacute;l&eacute;ments sont indispensables &agrave; l&rsquo;examen de la proposition d&rsquo;article. L&rsquo;ad&eacute;quation de la proposition &agrave; l&rsquo;appel &agrave; contributions est v&eacute;rifi&eacute;e par les coordinateurs&middot;trices et la r&eacute;daction de la revue.</p> <h3>Envoi de l&rsquo;article</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">Les auteur&middot;e&middot;s dont les propositions d&rsquo;article ont &eacute;t&eacute; s&eacute;lectionn&eacute;&middot;e&middot;s &agrave; l'&eacute;tape pr&eacute;c&eacute;dente s'engagent &agrave; envoyer une premi&egrave;re version de leur article qui doit imp&eacute;rativement correspondre aux normes de la revue, indiqu&eacute;es &agrave; cette page&nbsp;: <a href="https://journals.openedition.org/ried/487">consignes aux auteurs</a> (disponible en fran&ccedil;ais, anglais, espagnol).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Les articles (de 45&nbsp;000 signes environ, espaces comprises, hors r&eacute;sum&eacute; et bibliographie), pourront &ecirc;tre r&eacute;dig&eacute;s en fran&ccedil;ais, anglais ou espagnol. Ils doivent &ecirc;tre originaux. Ils pourront toutefois avoir fait l&rsquo;objet de communications &agrave; un colloque (avec actes), &agrave; condition d&rsquo;&ecirc;tre r&eacute;adapt&eacute;s au format exig&eacute; par la <em>Revue internationale des &eacute;tudes du d&eacute;veloppement</em>.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Les articles sont alors soumis &agrave; une lecture en double-aveugle aupr&egrave;s de deux &eacute;valuateurs sp&eacute;cialistes et ext&eacute;rieurs &agrave; la revue.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Les r&eacute;f&eacute;rences cit&eacute;es doivent &ecirc;tre pr&eacute;sent&eacute;es selon le format indiqu&eacute; &agrave; cette page : <a href="https://journals.openedition.org/ried/487#tocto2n3">Normes bibliographiques</a> (format APA).</p> <h1>Calendrier de production</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">Les auteur&middot;e&middot;s s&rsquo;engagent &agrave; respecter le calendrier indiqu&eacute; par la r&eacute;daction.</p> <h3>Les propositions dʼarticles sont &agrave; soumettre avant le 3 novembre 2023</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">aux quatre adresses ci-dessous&nbsp;:</p> <ul> <li><strong><a href="mailto:revdev@univ-paris1.fr%20;%20yasmina.aziki@gmail.com%20;%20camille.al-dabaghy@univ-paris8.fr%20;%20quentin.deforge@ulb.be?subject=Ried%20256%20%3e%20Proposition%20d'article%20-%20r&eacute;sum&eacute;">aziki@gmail.com</a></strong></li> <li><strong><a href="mailto:revdev@univ-paris1.fr%20;%20yasmina.aziki@gmail.com%20;%20camille.al-dabaghy@univ-paris8.fr%20;%20quentin.deforge@ulb.be?subject=Ried%20256%20%3e%20Proposition%20d'article%20-%20r&eacute;sum&eacute;">al-dabaghy@univ-paris8.fr</a></strong></li> <li><strong><a href="mailto:revdev@univ-paris1.fr%20;%20yasmina.aziki@gmail.com%20;%20camille.al-dabaghy@univ-paris8.fr%20;%20quentin.deforge@ulb.be?subject=Ried%20256%20%3e%20Proposition%20d'article%20-%20r&eacute;sum&eacute;">deforge@ulb.be</a></strong></li> <li><a href="mailto:revdev@univ-paris1.fr%20;%20yasmina.aziki@gmail.com%20;%20camille.al-dabaghy@univ-paris8.fr%20;%20quentin.deforge@ulb.be?subject=Ried%20256%20%3e%20Proposition%20d'article%20-%20r&eacute;sum&eacute;"><strong>revdev@univ-paris1.fr</strong></a></li> </ul> <p style="text-align: left;">Les auteur&middot;e&middot;s pr&eacute;s&eacute;lectionn&eacute;&middot;e&middot;s par les coordinateur.ice.s et le comit&eacute; de r&eacute;daction seront pr&eacute;venu&middot;e&middot;s par l&rsquo;&eacute;quipe de la revue la semaine du 13 novembre 2023.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Les premi&egrave;res versions des articles, conformes aux consignes aux auteur&middot;e&middot;s de la revue, seront envoy&eacute;es par les auteur&middot;e&middot;s aux courriels pr&eacute;cit&eacute;s avant le 20 janvier 2024.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Le processus d&rsquo;&eacute;valuation durera quelques mois, chaque article - anonyme - sera soumis &agrave; une double lecture aveugle par des relecteurs ext&eacute;rieurs &agrave; la revue, experts sur le sujet trait&eacute;, et la sortie en librairie de ce n&deg;256 2024-3 est pr&eacute;vue pour octobre 2024.</p> <h1>R&eacute;f&eacute;rences cit&eacute;es</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">Anheim, &Eacute;. (2019). Science des archives, science de l&rsquo;histoire. <em>Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales</em>, 74, 505-520.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Aziki,Y. (2019). L&rsquo;OPEP&nbsp;: un acteur de l&rsquo;aide au d&eacute;veloppement du Sud ancr&eacute; dans la coop&eacute;ration trilat&eacute;rale. <em>Relations internationales</em>, 177, 111-127.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Badel, L. (2014). Milieux &eacute;conomiques et relations internationales&nbsp;: bilan et perspectives de la recherche au d&eacute;but du XXI<sup>e</sup>&nbsp;si&egrave;cle. <em>Relations internationales</em>, 157, 3-23.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Bayart, J.-F. (1999). L&rsquo;Afrique dans le monde : une histoire d&rsquo;extraversion. <em>Critique internationale</em>, 5, 1, 97-120.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Blanc, G. (2019). L&rsquo;expert, le dirigeant et l&rsquo;habitant. La fabrique globale de la nature &eacute;thiopienne (1965-1970). <em>Gen&egrave;ses</em>, 2, 115, 53-74.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Bertrand, R. (2014), <em>L&rsquo;histoire &agrave; parts &eacute;gales&nbsp;: r&eacute;cits d&rsquo;une rencontre Orient-Occident, xvi<sup>e</sup>-xvii<sup>e</sup> si&egrave;cle</em>. Points.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Brun, M. &amp; Fortun&eacute;, F. (2022). La m&eacute;moire du d&eacute;veloppement, &ccedil;a n&rsquo;existe pas !. <em>Anthropologie &amp; d&eacute;veloppement</em>, 53, 9-19.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Burton, A.&nbsp;M. (2003). <em>Dwelling in the archive: women writing house, home, and history in late colonial India</em>. Oxford University Press.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Calandri, E. (2019). Italy, the developing world, and aid policy, 1969-1679: &ldquo;the historic compromise&rdquo; and Italian foreign policy. <em>Cold War History</em>, 1-19.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Chakrabarty, D. (2006). A Global and Multicultural &ldquo;Discipline&rdquo; of History?. <em>History and Theory</em>, 45, 1, 101-109.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Chamelot, F. (2019). &laquo;&nbsp;Se priver d&rsquo;archives, c&rsquo;est se priver de m&eacute;moire&nbsp;&raquo;&nbsp;: la dualit&eacute; central/local du fonds de l&rsquo;Afrique occidentale fran&ccedil;aise (AOF). <em>Gazette des archives</em>, 256, 4, 69-80.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Chamelot, F., Hiribarren, V. &amp; Rodet, M. (2020). Archives, the Digital Turn, and Governance in Africa. <em>History in Africa</em>, 47, 101-118.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Cooper, F. (2010). Writing the History of Development. <em>Journal of Modern European History</em>, 8, 1, 5-23.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Copans, J. (2011). La recomposition des sciences sociales du d&eacute;veloppement et de l&rsquo;humanitaire au <em>XXI</em><sup>e</sup>&nbsp;si&egrave;cle. <em>Cahiers d&rsquo;&eacute;tudes africaines</em>, 51, 202-203, 311-329.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Dakhli, L. &amp; Bonnecase, V. (2021). Introduction: Interpreting the Global Economy through Local Anger. <em>International Review of Social History</em>, 66(S29), 1-21.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Deforge, Q. &amp; Lemoine B. (2021). The Global South Debt Revolution That Wasn&rsquo;t: UNCTAD from Technocractic Activism to Technical Assistance. In P&eacute;net, P. &amp; Zendejas J.&nbsp;F. (Ed). <em>Sovereign Debt Diplomacies. </em>Rethinking Sovereign Debt from Colonial Empires to Hegemony. Oxford University Press, 232-256.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Derrida, J. (1995). <em>Mal d&rsquo;archive&nbsp;: une impression freudienne</em>. Galil&eacute;e.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Dimier, V. (2014). <em>The Invention of a European Development Aid Bureaucracy: Recycling Empire</em>, Palgrave MacMillan.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Duclert, V. (2015). L&rsquo;&eacute;tat et les archives. Question d&eacute;mocratique, r&eacute;ponse constitutionnelle. <em>Pouvoirs</em>, 153, 2, 37-48.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Ekbladh, D. (2010). <em>The great American mission: modernization and the construction of an American world order</em>. Princeton University Press.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Emmerij, L. (2005). The History of Ideas: An Introduction to the United Nations Intellectual History Project. <em>Forum for Development Studies</em>, 32, 1, 9-20.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Engerman, D. &amp; Unger, C. (2009). Introduction: Towards a Global History of Modernization. <em>Diplomatic History</em>, 33, 3, 375-385.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Escobar, A. (1995). <em>Encountering Development: The Making and Unmaking of the Third World</em>, Princeton University Press.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Foucault, M. (1969). <em>L&rsquo;arch&eacute;ologie du savoir</em>, Gallimard.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Fou&eacute;r&eacute;, M.-A., Rillon, O. &amp; Pommerolle, M.-E. (2020). Pourquoi Sources ? Rigueur empirique, r&eacute;flexivit&eacute; et archivage en sciences humaines et sociales et dans les &eacute;tudes africaines. <em>Sources. Material &amp; Fieldwork in African Studies</em>, 1, 1-21.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Frank, R. (2012). <em>Pour l&rsquo;histoire des relations internationales. Histoire et th&eacute;ories des relations internationales</em>. Presses universitaires de France.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Garavini, G. (2019). <em>The Rise and Fall of OPEC in the Twentieth Century</em>. Oxford University Press.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Garrigou, A. (1989). Le politologue aux Archives. <em>Politix</em>, 2, 6, 41-45.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Gayon, V. (2016). &thinsp;&Eacute;crire, prescrire, proscrire. Notes pour une sociog&eacute;n&eacute;tique de l&rsquo;&eacute;crit bureaucratique. <em>ARSS Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales</em>, 213, 3, 84-103.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Go, J. &amp; Lawson, G. (Ed). (2017). <em>Global Historical Sociology</em>. Cambridge University Press.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Herren, M. (2014). Introduction: Towards a Global History of International Organization. In Herren, M. (Ed). <em>Networking the International System: Global Histories of International Organizations</em> (1-12). Cham, Springer International Publishing.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Joseph, B. (2004). <em>Reading the East India Company, 1720-1840: colonial currencies of gender</em>. University of Chicago Press.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Keese, A. &amp; Owabira,B.I. (2020). Rescuing, Interpreting, and, Eventually, Digitizing Regional Postcolonial Archives: Endangered Archives and Research in Pointe-Noire, Republic of Congo. <em>History in Africa</em>, 47, 143-165.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Koselleck, R. (1987). Temps et Histoire. <em>Romantisme. Revue de la Soci&eacute;t&eacute; des &Eacute;tudes Romantiques</em>, 56.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Kott, S. (2011). Les organisations internationales, terrains d&rsquo;&eacute;tude de la globalisation. Jalons pour une approche socio-historique. <em>Critique internationale</em>, 52, 9-16.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Lachenal, G. &amp; Mbodj-Pouye, A. (2014). Restes du d&eacute;veloppement et traces de la modernit&eacute; en Afrique. <em>Politique africaine</em>, 135, 3, 5-21.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Latham, M.E. (2000). <em>Modernization as Ideology: American Social Science and &laquo;&nbsp;nation Building&nbsp;&raquo; in the Kennedy Era</em>. University of North Carolina Press.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Lavigne Delville, P.&nbsp;L. (2011). Pour une anthropologie sym&eacute;trique entre &laquo;&nbsp;d&eacute;veloppeurs&nbsp;&raquo; et &laquo;&nbsp;d&eacute;velopp&eacute;s&nbsp;&raquo;. <em>Cahiers d&rsquo;&eacute;tudes africaines</em>, 202-203, 491-509.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Macekura, S.J. &amp; Manela, E. (2018). <em>The Development Century: A Global History</em>, Cambridge University Press.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Maurel, C. (2013). Introduction. <em>Revue Tiers Monde</em>, 216, 4, 7-18.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Muschik, E. (2022). Special issue introduction: Towards a global history of international organizations and decolonization. <em>Journal of Global History</em>, 17(2), 173-190.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Ould Mohamedou, M-M. (2016). Arab agency and the UN project: the League of Arab States between universality and regionalism. <em>Third World Quarterly</em>, 37,7, 1219-1233.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Pacquement, F. (2021). <em>Histoire de la coop&eacute;ration technique&nbsp;: une g&eacute;n&eacute;alogie d&rsquo;Expertise France</em>. Karthala.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Parizet, R. (2016). Le &laquo;&nbsp;pauvre d&rsquo;abord&nbsp;&raquo;. Une analyse des dynamiques circulatoires de la participation populaire au d&eacute;veloppement. <em>Participations</em>, 14, 1, 61-90.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Piton, F. (2022). Les archives &agrave; parts &eacute;gales. Archives, &eacute;criture de l&rsquo;histoire et g&eacute;nocide au Rwanda. <em>Revue d&rsquo;histoire moderne &amp; contemporaine</em>, 69, 1, 88-102.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Poncet, O. (2019). Archives et histoire&nbsp;: d&eacute;passer les tournants. <em>Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales</em>, 74<sup>e</sup>&nbsp;ann&eacute;e, 3-4, 711-743.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Pouchepadass, J. (2008). A proposito della critica postcoloniale sul &ldquo;discorso&rdquo; dell&rsquo;archivio. <em>Quaderni storici</em>, 3, 129, 675-690.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Potin, Y. (2015). Les archives et la mat&eacute;rialit&eacute; diff&eacute;r&eacute;e du pouvoir. Titres, &eacute;crins ou substituts de la souverainet&eacute;&thinsp;?. <em>Pouvoirs</em>, 153, 2, 5-21.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Prashad, V. (2008). <em>The Darker Nations: A People&rsquo;s History of the Third World</em>, The New Press.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Rist, G. (1996). <em>Le d&eacute;veloppement&nbsp;: Histoire d&rsquo;une croyance occidentale</em>. Presses de la Fondation nationale des sciences politiques.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Schrader, S. (2019). <em>Badges without Borders: How Global Counterinsurgency Transformed American Policing</em>. University of California Press.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Spivak, G.&nbsp;C. (1988). Can the Subaltern Speak?. In Nelson, C. &amp; Grossberg, L., <em>Marxism and the interpretation of culture</em> (Ed) (271&ndash;313). University of Illinois Press.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Stoler, A.L. (2002). Colonial archives and the arts of governance. <em>Archival Science</em>, 2, 1, 87-109.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Subrahmanyam, S. (2014). <em>Aux origines de l&rsquo;histoire globale.</em> Fayard.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Th&eacute;nault, S. (2022). Archives, politique et soci&eacute;t&eacute;. Le cas de la Guerre d&rsquo;ind&eacute;pendance alg&eacute;rienne. <em>Revue d&rsquo;histoire moderne et contemporaine</em>, 69, 1, 24-39.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Thornton, C. (2021). <em>Revolution in development: Mexico and the governance of the global economy</em>. University of California Press.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Thornton, C. (2023). Developmentalism as Internationalism. Toward a Global Historical Sociology of the Origins of the Development Project. <em>Sociology of Development</em>, 9, 1, 33-55.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Unger, C.&nbsp;R. (2018). <em>International Development: A Postwar History</em>. Bloomsbury Academic.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Westad, O.&nbsp;A. (2007). <em>The Global Cold War: Third World Interventions and the Making of Our Times</em>. Cambridge University Press.</p> </div> <div id="annonce-1093963-en" class="tabContent hidden" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <p style="text-align: left;"><em>Revue internationale des &eacute;tudes du d&eacute;veloppement n&deg;256 (2024-3)</em></p> <h1>Guest Editors</h1> <ul> <li>Yasmina Aziki, historian, Ph.D. from Universit&eacute;&nbsp;Paris-1 Panth&eacute;on-Sorbonne</li> <li>Camille Al Dabaghy, political scientist and sociologist, associate professor at Universit&eacute; Paris-8 Vincennes Saint-Denis</li> <li>Quentin Deforge, political scientist and sociologist, post-doctoral researcher at Universit&eacute; libre de Bruxelles</li> </ul> <h1>Argument</h1> <h3>A growing interest in the history of development and its archives</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">In the field of development studies, a growing literature has been adopting a historical or socio-historical perspective since the 2010s (Badel, 2014; Calandri, 2019; Kott, 2011). This is the case particularly in history: the emergence of global history and of the history of international relations has allowed the renewal of a historiography hitherto focused mainly on national development policies in the context of the Cold War (Ekbladh, 2010; Garavini, 2019; Latham, 2000). This is part of an innovative approach that is required for the question of development to be grasped as closely as possible to the realities in the countries of the Global South, by going beyond the sole prism of states, and by taking an interest in the interplay of hybrid intermediary structures such as transnational organizations, special committees, special interest groups, or experts (Badel, 2014; Frank, 2012; Unger, 2018). This trend can also be observed in the other social sciences. For example, the continuity between colonial administration and development policies can thus be studied by examining the case of the European Union (Dimier, 2014). At the crossroads of these disciplines, this interest in the past of development has also led to an interest in development nostalgia (Lachenal and Mbodj-Pouye, 2014), its &ldquo;memory&rdquo; (Brun and Fortun&eacute;, 2022), or the way &ldquo;global&rdquo; policies have marked social history in the South (Daklhi &amp; Bonnecase, 2021). At the same time, at the frontier of the academic field, development professionals &ndash; whether active or retired &ndash; have also sought to restore the memory of development administrations and professionals (Pacquement, 2021), thus helping to construct their own narrative.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">While seminal works in development studies have remained rather silent on the historical material used (Escobar, 1995; Rist, 1996), a corollary to this growing interest in a historical perspective has been the use of a great variety of archives. In history, this has led to opening the archives of international organizations (Herren, 2014), sometimes linking them with those of countries in the South (Aziki, 2019; Blanc, 2019). In other disciplines, researchers have resorted to documents that are not strictly speaking archives (i.e. preserved, classified, and inventoried by dedicated institutions): internal documents made public by development organizations in the name of transparency (Schrader, 2019), documents thanks to which, under the term &ldquo;grey literature,&rdquo; the evolution of a project can be traced (Parizet, 2016), private archives belonging to diplomats and experts from countries of the South (Thornton, 2021), or U.S. diplomacy archives that can be found on Wikileaks (Deforge and Lemoine, 2021).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">These shifts open up promising avenues for future research. First, they allow for a decentering of development in the wake of &ldquo;connected history&rdquo; (Subrahmanyam, 2014) and &ldquo;global historical sociology&rdquo; (Go and Lawson, 2017). Using archives from the South is in line with &ldquo;provincializing&rdquo; the North (Chakrabarty, 2006) in order to grasp the emergence of development as a transnational political project, from the representations, practices, fields of experience, and horizons of expectation (Koselleck, 1987) of Southern societies. The history of development as the &ldquo;diffusion of theories and practices from the Global North to the Global South&rdquo; (Macekura and Manela, 2018, p.11) is thus relinquished. Secondly, these shifts open up the way to a &ldquo;new genealogy&rdquo; of development (Thornton, 2023), which goes beyond a historiography focused on the post-Second World War period and decolonization (Unger, 2018), thus masking the colonial roots of development (Cooper, 2010). From a less Euro-centric perspective, this allows seeing how certain diplomats or experts in the South have been not only subjects but also actors in the political construction of development (Prashad, 2008; Thornton, 2021). The diversification of materials also makes it possible to shed light on political struggles, with the competition, negotiations, and variations to which the Western development project gave rise (for example the competition between the Western project and the Soviet one during the Cold War, Westad, 2007). Lastly, and this is a particularly important stake in this special issue given the omnipresence of development actors in the countries of the South in sectors as diverse as educational policies, agricultural development, or even health, the use of these archives opens up the possibility of proposing a history of the extraversion of post-colonial states (Bayart, 1999) through development aid. These archives are therefore apprehended here as a part of the history of the Global South, which is often preserved in the North, a situation which should be examined.</p> <h3>Questioning the production and use of development archives</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">However, so far, these dynamics have not been accompanied either by reflective work or by an in-depth methodological discussion of these types of materials (their selection, their use, and their limits), as may be the case in history, for example, where some researchers propose a critical study of archives as a necessary prerequisite for their use (Anheim, 2019; Derrida, 1995; Foucault, 1969). The aim of this special issue is therefore to focus on these questions and to allow this renewed work on development to be based on a critical examination of the materials. This special issue therefore invites contributors to apply questions from several academic spaces to the field of development studies. It is thus based on the hypothesis that development archives, while lending themselves to more general questions, come with specific stakes. These stakes can be linked to the multiplicity of actors intervening in the name of development, to the specificity of North/South power relations in development projects, in particular to the centrality of knowledge and writing in legitimizing the asymmetries that underpin development aid, and, incidentally, to the fact that some of these actors have the financial and technical ability to produce, disseminate, and even impose their own historical narratives of development.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">A first way of approaching the question of development archives is to ask which archives &ndash; and more broadly which historical materials &ndash; are or can be used, but also which are not. When it comes to archives, what should be done with the longstanding call made by the social anthropology of development to tackle &ldquo;the entire development chain&rdquo; (Copans, 2011)? What is at stake here is the multitude of actors involved in development policies, from the headquarters of aid agencies to local fieldwork and to the offices and ministries of Southern capitals, from &ldquo;financial backers&rdquo; to so-called &ldquo;beneficiary&rdquo; populations and institutions, and from NGOs to the &ldquo;service providers&rdquo; that are consulting firms. At the crossroads of the call for a &ldquo;symmetric anthropology between the developers and the developed&rdquo; (Lavigne-Delville, 2011) and of the call to symmetrize and connect historical sources, and to work on &ldquo;equally balanced&rdquo; archives (Bertrand, 2014, Piton, 2022), how can the archives of the &ldquo;developers&rdquo; (North and South) and of the &ldquo;developed&rdquo; be integrated?</p> <p style="text-align: left;">A second way of approaching the question of archives in the historiography of development is to ask how they are used, or more precisely, how the analysis of their conditions of production and accessibility can be linked to the study of development. While reflecting on the use of archives in political science is stimulating (Garrigou, 1989; Gayon, 2016), it is on the side of history and colonial history in particular that there seems to be the most food for thought. The political struggles over the opening and declassification of pivotal archives for colonial and postcolonial history attest to this (Th&eacute;nault, 2022). At the heart of the archival turn, anthropologist and historian Ann Laura Stoler has defended an <em>ethnographic</em> approach to colonial archives as devices for the production and authentication of knowledge incorporating and consolidating power relations, as instruments of government, in opposition to an extractive approach to archives which consists in poring over them, digging for names, events, and facts whose veracity is weighed up (Stoler, 2002). This calls for taking into account not only the conditions of production of documents, but the political and social conditions of their (non-)archiving, (non-)preservation, and (non-)accessibility (Poncet, 2019). This calls for thinking about &ldquo;what society does to archives&rdquo; as it shapes archival operations, and &ldquo;what archives do to society&rdquo; (Poncet, 2019) in particular by building social groups, but also by making some of them invisible, by depriving them of a written relationship to the past, thus further consolidating domination &ndash; this is the meaning of the postcolonial and feminist critique of archives (Burton, 2003; Joseph, 2004; Pouchepadass, 2008; Spivak, 1988). Going &ldquo;from archives as sources to archives as object&rdquo; (Stoler, 2002) leads to shedding light on the &ldquo;developmentalist situation,&rdquo; in the wake of the &ldquo;colonial situation,&rdquo; the modalities and categories of the exercise of power, their evolution over time, based on the archiving practices along the development policy production chain, in other words, based on the structuring and materiality of development archives. This approach seems particularly promising to examine the way in which development actors produce a certain narrative and consequently a certain political representation of development through their archives. The power relations reflected and reinforced by this narrative can thus be examined (Duclert, 2015), for example between international organizations and national actors in the field of development.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">These stakes are, of course, to be linked with recent questions in African historiography. One may think of the unequal access to sources for researchers in the North and the South, of the sovereignty of archives (Potin, 2015), and of the effects of reality generated by the creation and opening of certain archival collections. This seems particularly important at a time when the digitization of archives has upended their conditions of preservation and accessibility, and when certain international organizations, for the sake of &ldquo;transparency,&rdquo; have been digitizing and putting a large part of their archives online, thus maintaining and shaping the memory of their interventions in Southern countries (Chamelot, Hiribarren, and Rodet, 2020; Emmerij, 2005; Fou&eacute;r&eacute; et al., 2020). Lastly, a significant part of the thinking on the power stakes relating to colonial archives (e.g.: Chamelot, 2019) and on the risk of certain archives disappearing (Keese and Owabira, 2020) would benefit from shifting to development archives.</p> <h1>Lines of inquiry</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">To guide contributions to this special issue, two lines of inquiry are proposed, it being understood that an article may correspond to both.</p> <h3>1 &ndash; Development archives: production, preservation, and politicization</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">- The production of archives and the archiving process</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Analyzing the processes and practices through which development actors produce archives is essential to consider their possible uses. How are the documents produced, received, and collected by these actors collected, sorted, organized, and preserved? To what extent are development projects and actors subject to specific archiving processes? Who are the historians and archivists who handle these processes? Are there any private archive entrepreneurs? How do these practices measure up to the wealth of documents, in particular with the development of computers? More broadly, are these archives preserved or are they lost once projects come to an end and the professionals involved in them retire or die? What role do we play as researchers in the constitution of archives, through our investigation or restitution practices, through our relations with social actors who are in need of archives, through our relations with the administrations that produce archives or with the administrations that build, preserve, and provide access to archives? Lastly, are these archiving processes and practices the subject of autonomous treatment among the actors concerned, or are they closely intertwined with certain objectives, for example financial or political?</p> <p style="text-align: left;">- Preservation, distribution, and access</p> <p style="text-align: left;">A number of questions arise concerning how these archives are preserved and made available. Where are these archives stored? In the case of international organizations, are they kept in the countries of intervention or gathered at their headquarters? To what extent are archived documents searchable and consulted internally, within development aid organizations? What effective access do researchers in the South have to these archives? How is archive digitization implemented? How are digitization choices made? To what extent do projects to save and digitize African, South American, or Asian archives relate to post-independence development policies and projects? To what extent does the risk of &ldquo;digital imperialism&rdquo; not amplify developmentalist domination? More generally, to what extent are these issues of preservation, dissemination, and access understood by the various actors as integrated into a broader political dimension aimed at producing the history of development?</p> <p style="text-align: left;">- Sovereignty, secrecy, and politicization</p> <p style="text-align: left;">These archives can be the subject of power struggles, between states but also between organizations, and more broadly of politicization processes. How do development actors, in the North and the South, use their practices of archive production, preservation, and dissemination to impose their own political representation and their own development narrative? How do the labeling of corpuses, on the one hand, and the legitimization of development institutions or policies, on the other, feed each other? Conversely, to what extent are the archives of development projects subject to secrecy? What is more, to what extent can archives be vectors of independence and reclaiming of a state&rsquo;s history and memory? What social demands can they be subject to? To what extent are they considered an object of sovereignty? Are development archives the subject of thought in terms of restitution in the same way as colonial archives? Are they the subject of inconspicuous memory battles? To what extent do the social demands around these archives shed light on the uses of development as a political or influence lever? More broadly, in what contexts do development archives become political objects?</p> <h3>2 &ndash; Development archives: materials, methods, and reflexivity</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">- A variety of &ldquo;development archives&rdquo;</p> <p style="text-align: left;">The works identified show that a very wide variety of documents is used. They may come from archival collections (private or public) in the strict sense of the term, but also from actors who produce or receive them: documents produced by administrations that are not archived or that are not found by researchers in archives (in particular the &ldquo;grey literature&rdquo; relating to development projects and public policies &ndash; programmatic documents, evaluations, meeting minutes, etc.), press clippings and online publications, correspondence and emails, resumes, oral archives, etc. How have the types of traces used evolved? How is the heterogeneity of these materials apprehended and tackled? To what extent are these materials made public after having been analyzed? Are some materials more legitimate than others? To what extent does the heterogeneity of available materials and the value attached to them contribute to reproducing power relations, for example between the &ldquo;developers&rdquo; and the &ldquo;developed&rdquo;?</p> <p style="text-align: left;">- Methods and practices</p> <p style="text-align: left;">The literature review on development also leads to identifying several aims assigned to using these archives: mapping an expert space, documenting a local project, studying a circulation process and a project negotiation process, tracing practices, careers, and professional groups, grasping the categories that underlie development policies, and reconstructing the evolution of an intervention paradigm. The aim is to objectivize the methods used and to discuss their replicability, but also to reflect on how the data present in these archives can be systematized and objectivized. How can documents that are not archives in the historian&rsquo;s sense&thinsp;(classified and inventoried by archivists) be rigorously used? How does the data from the digital work of development actors open up the way to new methods? An important stake here is to question and propose methods to objectivize the construction of development as a political project. For example, how can conflicts and negotiations between several distinct projects or between several political representations of development be conveyed?</p> <p style="text-align: left;">- Reflective activism</p> <p style="text-align: left;">This line of inquiry also aims to open up an examination of researchers&rsquo; more or less extractive or ethnographic relation to archives, and of how they take into account the production, preservation, and logic of archives (and not only of their contents) in the analysis of their research objects. What archives do they seek out, find, select, and ultimately use, and why? Are there archived documents that they do not see or do not use, and, if so, why? What effects of reality do the differences in nature between Northern and Southern sources produce? What diplomatic and strategic stakes does the access to archives highlight? In the archival collections used, what does the sorting and classification logic say about researchers&rsquo; objects? What regularity can be observed when it comes to what can and cannot be said? Who is talked about and who is not, but also which scribes appear clearly and which are expunged? What makes an event and what does not? What and who is deemed important? What regime of truth and what regime of historicity thus take shape? What micro-resistances emerge? What sticking points appear? What is the moral and political project that is underpinned by these conventions, categories, and regularities? Through their utilization of archives (digitization, use, and dissemination), how do researchers take part in the moral and political projects of the &ldquo;developers&rdquo; and the &ldquo;developed,&rdquo; in the North and the South? Lastly, depending on the archives available, to what extent do research practices contribute to reproducing the mechanisms of invisibilization of certain actors, particularly in the South, and more broadly to reproducing the power relations specific to development activities?</p> <h1>Expected proposals and aims of the special issue</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">Through the various contributions selected, the issue will pursue several aims.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">The first aim is methodological: the renewed interest in development archives raises questions, particularly among young researchers, about how to identify, collect, and use them, and about their limits. The special issue will thus offer a set of methodological reference points to anyone wishing to use such archives.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">The second aim will be to lay the foundations for a more ambitious project to study development archives from a perspective at the crossroads of &ldquo;connected history&rdquo; (Subrahmanyam, 2014) and &ldquo;global historical sociology&rdquo; (Go and Lawson, 2017). Studying the archives between the &ldquo;developers&rdquo; and the &ldquo;developed&rdquo; somewhat symmetrically, with the aim for example of renewing the history of post-colonial states, requires a finer knowledge of existing archives, and a consolidation of the methods to use them. It also requires knowing how and by whom these archives were constituted and to what extent they give a voice to actors from the South.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Lastly, the third aim will be to provide North-South food for thought on the preservation of archives and more broadly on the memory of development. One of the hypotheses on which this special issue is based is that there is a significant asymmetry in the ability of researchers from the North and the South to have access to these archives, meaning that a part of the history of Southern states and societies is thus inaccessible. This special issue will lead to objectivizing this access asymmetry, and will lay the groundwork for reflective work on the preservation, access, and possibility of returning these archives. It therefore participates more generally in nurturing a collective effort of reflexivity on the epistemological, methodological, and ethical fundamentals of the social sciences in the post-colonial context (Fou&eacute;r&eacute; et al., 2020).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">This special issue is part of a unitary conception of the social sciences. While proposals are expected in history, researchers in sociology and political science using archives are also strongly invited to submit their proposals. This issue will also lend itself to proposals from less obvious disciplines, such as, for example, from economists or demographers who use such archives with a quantitative approach, or anthropologists who have been led to take an interest in an archiving process. This special issue will seek to bring together proposals relating to different types of archives, institutions, and processes: written archives, oral archives, local institution archives, international organization archives, personal archives, press archives, etc. The aim is also, as far as possible, to bring together contributions relating to different geographical areas, so that this special issue may have a scope that is both global and comparative.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Several special issues published in recent years can be used as references, though they may not have been directly related to development archives. In particular, there are several special issues on development, such as in the journal <em>Politique africaine</em> on the &ldquo;remains&rdquo; and the &ldquo;ruins&rdquo; of development (Lachenal and Mbodj-Pouye, 2014) and in the journal <em>Anthropologie et d&eacute;veloppement</em> on the &ldquo;memory&thinsp;&rdquo; of development (Brun and Fortun&eacute;, 2022), and several more general issues, in the <em>Journal of Global History</em> on international organizations and decolonization (Muschik, 2022), in the journal <em>Critique internationale</em> on international organizations as a field for the socio-history of globalization (Kott, 2011), or in the <em>Revue Tiers Monde</em> on writing history in developing countries (Maurel, 2013).</p> <h1>Submission details / Participation</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">The authors agree to read the editorial policy of the <em>Revue internationale des &eacute;tudes du d&eacute;veloppement</em> and to comply with the <a href="https://journals.openedition.org/ried/466">code of ethics</a> and the <a href="https://journals.openedition.org/ried/489?lang=en">Guidelines for Authors</a>.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">The selection process will take place according to the dates specified in the publication calendar below.</p> <h3>Submitting the proposal</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">The proposals in French, English, or Spanish must present the paper in 4,000 characters (with spaces), or approximately one page. The file for the proposal must be entitled &ldquo;AUTHOR&rsquo;S SURNAME-Proposal-256,&rdquo; and must include:</p> <ul> <li>a title (70 characters maximum, with the possibility of adding a subtitle);</li> <li>an abstract detailing the research question, the theoretical framework, the fieldwork, and the main results;</li> <li>some bibliographical references (not included in the character count);</li> <li>a second file entitled &ldquo;AUTHOR&rsquo;S SURNAME-256-info,&rdquo; including the author&rsquo;s first name and last name, their status, their institutional affiliation, and their email address.</li> </ul> <p style="text-align: left;">The relevancy of the proposals with regard to this call for papers and their conformity to the journal guidelines will be verified by the journal editors and the editorial team and a preselection of the proposals will be made.</p> <h3>Submitting the paper</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">The authors whose proposals have been selected will be invited to send a first draft of their article, which must absolutely follow the guidelines for Authors. The articles will then be submitted to a double blind peer review by two external reviewers who are experts on the topic.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">The articles (45,000 characters with spaces, excluding the abstract and references) may be written in French, English, or Spanish. They must be original work. They may however have been presented at a conference (with proceedings), as long as they have been adapted to the format required by the Revue internationale des &eacute;tudes du d&eacute;veloppement, but the author must not submit their paper to another journal simultaneously.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">The references cited must be presented in APA format.</p> <h1>Publication calendar</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">The authors agree to comply with the calendar.</p> <h3>The proposals must be submitted by November 3, 2023 to:</h3> <ul> <li><strong>aziki@gmail.com</strong></li> <li><strong>al-dabaghy@univ-paris8.fr</strong></li> <li><strong>deforge@ulb.be</strong></li> <li><strong>revdev@univ-paris1.fr</strong></li> </ul> <p style="text-align: left;">The authors preselected by the editors and the editorial committee will be notified by the editorial team the week of November 13, 2023.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">The first draft (V1), following the journal&rsquo;s guidelines for authors, must be submitted by the authors to the aforementioned email addresses by <strong>January 20, 2024.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: left;">The evaluation process will take a few months; each &ndash; anonymous &ndash; article will be submitted to a double blind peer review by two external reviewers who are experts on the topic. Requesting a first version of the article does not constitute a commitment on the part of the journal to publish the aforementioned article, which must be approved by the editorial committee, following the different steps in the evaluation process; no. 256 is expected to be published in October 2024.</p> <h1><strong>References</strong></h1> <p style="text-align: left;">Anheim, &Eacute;. (2019). Science des archives, science de l&rsquo;histoire. <em>Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales</em>, 74, 505-520.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Aziki,Y. (2019). L&rsquo;OPEP&nbsp;: un acteur de l&rsquo;aide au d&eacute;veloppement du Sud ancr&eacute; dans la coop&eacute;ration trilat&eacute;rale. <em>Relations internationales</em>, 177, 111-127.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Badel, L. (2014). 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Histoire, Sciences Sociales</em>, 74<sup>e</sup>&nbsp;ann&eacute;e, 3-4, 711-743.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Pouchepadass, J. (2008). A proposito della critica postcoloniale sul &ldquo;discorso&rdquo; dell&rsquo;archivio. <em>Quaderni storici</em>, 3, 129, 675-690.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Potin, Y. (2015). Les archives et la mat&eacute;rialit&eacute; diff&eacute;r&eacute;e du pouvoir. Titres, &eacute;crins ou substituts de la souverainet&eacute;&thinsp;?. <em>Pouvoirs</em>, 153, 2, 5-21.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Prashad, V. (2008). <em>The Darker Nations: A People&rsquo;s History of the Third World</em>, The New Press.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Rist, G. (1996). <em>Le d&eacute;veloppement&nbsp;: Histoire d&rsquo;une croyance occidentale</em>. Presses de la Fondation nationale des sciences politiques.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Schrader, S. (2019). <em>Badges without Borders: How Global Counterinsurgency Transformed American Policing</em>. University of California Press.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Spivak, G.&nbsp;C. (1988). Can the Subaltern Speak?. In Nelson, C. &amp; Grossberg, L., <em>Marxism and the interpretation of culture</em> (Ed) (271&ndash;313). University of Illinois Press.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Stoler, A.L. (2002). Colonial archives and the arts of governance. <em>Archival Science</em>, 2, 1, 87-109.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Subrahmanyam, S. (2014). <em>Aux origines de l&rsquo;histoire globale.</em> Fayard.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Th&eacute;nault, S. (2022). Archives, politique et soci&eacute;t&eacute;. Le cas de la Guerre d&rsquo;ind&eacute;pendance alg&eacute;rienne. <em>Revue d&rsquo;histoire moderne et contemporaine</em>, 69, 1, 24-39.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Thornton, C. (2021). <em>Revolution in development: Mexico and the governance of the global economy</em>. University of California Press.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Thornton, C. (2023). Developmentalism as Internationalism. Toward a Global Historical Sociology of the Origins of the Development Project. <em>Sociology of Development</em>, 9, 1, 33-55.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Unger, C.&nbsp;R. (2018). <em>International Development: A Postwar History</em>. Bloomsbury Academic.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Westad, O.&nbsp;A. (2007). <em>The Global Cold War: Third World Interventions and the Making of Our Times</em>. Cambridge University Press.</p> </div> <div id="annonce-1093963-es" class="tabContent hidden" lang="es" xml:lang="es"> <p style="text-align: left;"><em>Revue internationale des &eacute;tudes du d&eacute;veloppement</em> n&deg;&nbsp;256 (2024-3)</p> <h1>Coordinaci&oacute;n del n&uacute;mero</h1> <ul> <li>Yasmina Aziki, historiadora, doctora en la universidad Paris-1 Panth&eacute;on-Sorbonne</li> <li>Camille Al Dabaghy, polit&oacute;loga y soci&oacute;loga, profesora en la universidad Paris-8 Vincennes Saint-Denis</li> <li>Quentin Deforge, polit&oacute;logo y soci&oacute;logo, postdoctorando en la Universit&eacute; libre de Bruxelles (ULB)</li> </ul> <h1>Argumentos</h1> <h3>Inter&eacute;s creciente por la historia del desarrollo y sus archivos</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">En el campo de los estudios del desarrollo se observa, desde los a&ntilde;os&nbsp;2010, la multiplicaci&oacute;n de obras inscritas en una perspectiva hist&oacute;rica o hist&oacute;rico-social (Badel, 2014; Calandri, 2019; Kott, 2011), especialmente en historia. La emergencia de la historia global y de la historia de las relaciones internacionales permiti&oacute; la renovaci&oacute;n de una historiograf&iacute;a hasta entonces focalizada esencialmente en las pol&iacute;ticas nacionales de desarrollo en el contexto de Guerra Fr&iacute;a (Ekbladh, 2010; Garavini, 2019; Latham, 2000). Esto forma parte de un planteamiento novedoso, necesario para abordar la cuesti&oacute;n del desarrollo de la forma m&aacute;s cercana posible a las realidades de los pa&iacute;ses del sur, superando el &uacute;nico prisma de lectura de los Estados e interes&aacute;ndose en el juego de estructuras intermediarias h&iacute;bridas como las organizaciones transnacionales, las comisiones especiales, los grupos de influencia o los expertos (Badel, 2014; Frank, 2012; Unger, 2018). Esta tendencia se observa igualmente en otras disciplinas de las ciencias sociales. Ella permiti&oacute;, por ejemplo, interrogar la continuidad entre administraci&oacute;n colonial y pol&iacute;ticas de desarrollo a partir del caso de la Uni&oacute;n Europea (Dimier, 2014). En la confluencia de estas disciplinas, este inter&eacute;s por el pasado del desarrollo condujo tambi&eacute;n a interesarse por la nostalgia del desarrollo (Lachenal &amp; Mbodj-Pouye, 2014), por su &ldquo;memoria&rdquo; (Brun &amp; Fortun&eacute;, 2022), o por la manera en la que pol&iacute;ticas &ldquo;globales&rdquo; marcaron la historia social en los pa&iacute;ses del sur (Daklhi &amp; Bonnecase, 2021). Paralelamente, en las fronteras del &aacute;mbito acad&eacute;mico, profesionales del desarrollo, en activo o jubilados, buscaron igualmente la restituci&oacute;n de la memoria de las administraciones y de los profesionales del desarrollo (Pacquement, 2021), contribuyendo a construir su propio relato.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Mientras que obras fundadoras en estudios del desarrollo permanec&iacute;an relativamente silenciosas sobre el material hist&oacute;rico utilizado (Escobar, 1995; Rist, 1996), este inter&eacute;s creciente por una perspectiva hist&oacute;rica tuvo, como corolario, la movilizaci&oacute;n de una gran diversidad de archivos. En historia, esto condujo a la apertura de los archivos de las organizaciones internacionales (Herren, 2014), articul&aacute;ndolos, en ocasiones, con los archivos de los pa&iacute;ses del sur (Aziki, 2019; Blanc, 2022). En las dem&aacute;s disciplinas, los investigadores e investigadoras recurrieron a documentos que no son archivos en sentido estricto (conservados, clasificados e inventariados por instituciones competentes): documentos internos publicados por las organizaciones de desarrollo en aras de la transparencia (Schrader, 2019), documentos que bajo el t&eacute;rmino de &ldquo;literatura gris&rdquo; pueden permitir trazar la evoluci&oacute;n de un proyecto (Parizet, 2016), archivos privados de diplom&aacute;ticos y de expertos de los pa&iacute;ses del sur (Thornton, 2021), o archivos de la diplomacia estadounidense presentes en WikiLeaks (Deforge &amp; Lemoine, 2021).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Estas pistas proyectan horizontes prometedores para las investigaciones venideras. En primer lugar, hacen posible una descentralizaci&oacute;n del desarrollo en la estela de la &ldquo;historia conectada&rdquo; (Subrahmanyam, 2014) y de la &ldquo;sociolog&iacute;a hist&oacute;rica global&rdquo; (Go &amp; Lawson, 2017). Al movilizar archivos de los pa&iacute;ses del sur, se comparte la propuesta hecha de &ldquo;provincializar&rdquo; los pa&iacute;ses del norte (Chakrabarty, 2006) para comprender la emergencia del desarrollo, como proyecto pol&iacute;tico transnacional, desde las representaciones y las pr&aacute;cticas, los &aacute;mbitos de experiencia y los horizontes esperados (Koselleck, 1987) de las sociedades de los pa&iacute;ses del sur. As&iacute;, se renuncia a una historia del desarrollo como &ldquo;difusi&oacute;n de teor&iacute;as y pr&aacute;cticas del norte global al sur global&rdquo; (Macekura &amp; Manela, 2018: 11). A continuaci&oacute;n, estos desarrollos abren la v&iacute;a a una &ldquo;nueva genealog&iacute;a&rdquo; del desarrollo (Thornton, 2023), que dejar&iacute;a atr&aacute;s una historiograf&iacute;a focalizada en el periodo posterior a la Segunda Guerra Mundial y en la descolonizaci&oacute;n (Unger, 2018), ocultando, principalmente, las ra&iacute;ces coloniales del desarrollo (Cooper, 2010). Desde una perspectiva menos centralizada en Europa, ello permite entender c&oacute;mo ciertos diplom&aacute;ticos o expertos de los pa&iacute;ses del sur fueron tambi&eacute;n actores, y no solamente sujetos, de la construcci&oacute;n pol&iacute;tica del desarrollo (Prashad, 2008; Thornton, 2021). Esta diversificaci&oacute;n de materiales permite, igualmente, revelar las luchas pol&iacute;ticas en t&eacute;rminos de competencias, negociaciones y variaciones a las que dio lugar el proyecto occidental de desarrollo (por ejemplo, la competencia entre el proyecto occidental y el sovi&eacute;tico durante la Guerra Fr&iacute;a &ndash;&nbsp;Westad, 2007). Finalmente, y se trata de un desaf&iacute;o especialmente importante de este dosier, al considerar la omnipresencia de los actores del desarrollo en los pa&iacute;ses del sur en sectores tan diversos como las pol&iacute;ticas educativas, el desarrollo agr&iacute;cola o la salud, el uso de estos archivos abre la posibilidad de proponer una historia de la extroversi&oacute;n a trav&eacute;s del desarrollo de los Estados poscoloniales (Bayart, 1999). Por lo tanto, estos archivos son considerados aqu&iacute; como una parte de historia de los pa&iacute;ses del sur, a menudo, conservada en los pa&iacute;ses del norte, que deben ser analizados.</p> <h3>Cuestionar la producci&oacute;n y el uso de los archivos del desarrollo</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">Sin embargo, hasta aqu&iacute;, estas din&aacute;micas no se acompa&ntilde;aron de un trabajo reflexivo ni de un debate metodol&oacute;gico profundo sobre este tipo de materiales (selecci&oacute;n, movilizaci&oacute;n, l&iacute;mites), como puede ser el caso, por ejemplo, en historia donde ciertos investigadores proponen un estudio cr&iacute;tico de los archivos como prerrequisito necesario a su explotaci&oacute;n (Anheim, 2019; Derrida, 1995; Foucault, 1969). El objetivo de este dosier es, por consiguiente, analizar tales cuestiones para permitir a estas novedosas obras sobre el desarrollo basarse en un examen cr&iacute;tico de los materiales. Para ello, este dosier invita a los autores y autoras de la contribuci&oacute;n a volver a implementar, en el &aacute;mbito de los estudios del desarrollo, cuestionamientos originarios de diferentes disciplinas acad&eacute;micas. El dosier se basa tambi&eacute;n en la hip&oacute;tesis seg&uacute;n la cual los archivos del desarrollo, aun prest&aacute;ndose a cuestionamientos m&aacute;s generales, portan retos espec&iacute;ficos. Estos pueden estar ligados a la multiplicidad de actores que intervienen en nombre del desarrollo, a la especificidad de las relaciones de poder norte-sur de los proyectos de desarrollo, principalmente, a la centralidad de los conocimientos y de la escritura en la legitimaci&oacute;n de las asimetr&iacute;as que sustentan la ayuda al desarrollo e, incidentalmente, al hecho que algunos de estos actores disponen de capacidades financieras y t&eacute;cnicas que les permiten producir, difundir, incluso imponer sus propios discursos hist&oacute;ricos del desarrollo.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Una primera manera de abordar la cuesti&oacute;n de los archivos del desarrollo es preguntarse qu&eacute; archivos y, m&aacute;s ampliamente, qu&eacute; materiales hist&oacute;ricos son movilizados o pueden serlo e, inversamente, cu&aacute;les no. &iquest;Qu&eacute; hacer de la ya antigua proposici&oacute;n de la antropolog&iacute;a social del desarrollo de tratar &ldquo;el conjunto de la cadena del desarrollo&rdquo; (Copans, 2011) en relaci&oacute;n con los archivos? Tratamos aqu&iacute; la multitud de actores implicados en las pol&iacute;ticas de desarrollo, las sedes de las agencias de ayuda, los terrenos locales de intervenci&oacute;n, pasando por las oficinas y ministerios de las capitales de los pa&iacute;ses del sur; las agencias &ldquo;comanditarias&rdquo;, las poblaciones e instituciones llamadas &ldquo;beneficiarias&rdquo;, pasando por las ONG y las consultor&iacute;as &ldquo;prestatarias&rdquo;. En la encrucijada del llamamiento a una &ldquo;antropolog&iacute;a sim&eacute;trica entre &lsquo;promotores&rsquo; y &lsquo;receptores&rsquo; del desarrollo&rdquo; (Lavigne Delville, 2011) y del llamamiento a hacer sim&eacute;tricos y a conectar las fuentes hist&oacute;ricas, a trabajar sobre los archivos &ldquo;a partes iguales&rdquo; (Bertrand, 2014; Piton, 2022), &iquest;c&oacute;mo cotejar archivos de &ldquo;promotores&rdquo; (norte y sur) y de &ldquo;receptores&rdquo; de las pol&iacute;ticas de desarrollo&rdquo;?</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Una segunda manera de abordar la cuesti&oacute;n de los archivos en la historiograf&iacute;a del desarrollo es preguntarse c&oacute;mo estos son utilizados o, m&aacute;s concretamente, c&oacute;mo el an&aacute;lisis de las condiciones de producci&oacute;n y accesibilidad de los archivos puede articularse al estudio del desarrollo. Si la reflexi&oacute;n acerca del uso de los archivos en ciencia pol&iacute;tica es estimulante (Garrigou, 1989; Gayon, 2016), es en la historia, y en particular en la historia colonial, donde nos parece que hay materia de reflexi&oacute;n. Atestiguan de lo anteriormente dicho las luchas pol&iacute;ticas en lo concerniente a la apertura y desclasificaci&oacute;n de los archivos clave para la historia colonial y poscolonial (Th&eacute;nault, 2022). En el meollo del <em>archival turn</em>, la antrop&oacute;loga e historiadora Ann Laura Stoler defendi&oacute; una visi&oacute;n <em>etnogr&aacute;fica </em>de los archivos coloniales como dispositivos de producci&oacute;n y autentificaci&oacute;n de conocimientos que incorporan y afianzan relaciones de poder, como instrumento de gobierno, en oposici&oacute;n a una visi&oacute;n extractiva de los archivos que consiste en extraer nombres y acontecimientos, hechos cuya veracidad es sopesada. Ello nos invita a tener en cuenta no solamente las condiciones de producci&oacute;n de los documentos sino las condiciones pol&iacute;ticas y sociales de proceder o no proceder, a su archivo, conservaci&oacute;n y accesibilidad (Poncet, 2019). Esto nos induce a reflexionar sobre &ldquo;aquello que la sociedad hace a los archivos&rdquo; en tanto que ella configura las operaciones archiv&iacute;sticas y &ldquo;aquello que los archivos hacen a la sociedad&rdquo; (Poncet, 2019), principalmente construyendo grupos sociales pero tambi&eacute;n invisibilizando algunos de ellos al privarles de una relaci&oacute;n escrita al pasado y reforzando as&iacute;, m&aacute;s ampliamente, dominaciones &ndash;&nbsp;es el sentido de la cr&iacute;tica poscolonial y feminista de los archivos (Burton, 2003; Joseph, 2004; Pouchepadass, 2008; Spivak, 1988;). Pasar de &ldquo;los archivos como fuente a como objeto&rdquo; (Stoler, 2002) nos conducir&iacute;a a poder aclarar la &ldquo;situaci&oacute;n desarrollista&rdquo; en la prolongaci&oacute;n de la &ldquo;situaci&oacute;n colonial&rdquo;, las modalidades y categor&iacute;as del ejercicio del poder, su evoluci&oacute;n en el tiempo, a partir de pr&aacute;cticas de archivado a lo largo de la cadena de producci&oacute;n de las pol&iacute;ticas de desarrollo, en otros t&eacute;rminos, a partir de la estructuraci&oacute;n y de la materialidad de los archivos del desarrollo. Esta visi&oacute;n nos parece especialmente prometedora para cuestionar la forma en que los actores del desarrollo producen, a trav&eacute;s de sus archivos, una cierta narrativa y, por consiguiente, cierta representaci&oacute;n pol&iacute;tica del desarrollo. Esta visi&oacute;n permite as&iacute; interrogar las relaciones de poder que esta narrativa pone de manifiesto y conforta (Duclert, 2015), por ejemplo, entre organizaciones internacionales y actores nacionales del desarrollo.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Por supuesto, estos desaf&iacute;os deben ser articulados con los recientes cuestionamientos de la historiograf&iacute;a africana. Nos referimos al desigual acceso de investigadores e investigadoras del norte y del sur a las fuentes, a la soberan&iacute;a de los archivos (Potin, 2015), a aquel de los efectos de realidad creados por la constituci&oacute;n y apertura de ciertos fondos. Esto nos parece especialmente importante en este momento en que la digitalizaci&oacute;n de los archivos trastoca las condiciones de conservaci&oacute;n y accesibilidad y en que ciertas organizaciones internacionales, en aras de la &ldquo;transparencia&rdquo;, digitalizan y suben una gran parte de sus archivos, entreteniendo y orientando la memoria de sus intervenciones en los pa&iacute;ses del sur (Chamelot, Hiribarren, Rodet, 2020; Emmerij, 2005; Fou&eacute;r&eacute; <em>et&nbsp;al</em>., 2020). Finalmente, una parte importante de las reflexiones sobre los desaf&iacute;os de poder relativos a los archivos coloniales (por ejemplo Chamelot, 2019), y sobre la amenaza de una desaparici&oacute;n de ciertos archivos (Keese &amp; Owabira, 2020) deber&iacute;an volver a ser implementados en los archivos del desarrollo.</p> <h1>Enfoques de investigaci&oacute;n</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">Para orientar las contribuciones a este dosier, proponemos dos enfoques de investigaci&oacute;n, considerando que un art&iacute;culo podr&aacute; inscribirse en ambos.</p> <h3>Enfoque&nbsp;1 &ndash; Archivos del desarrollo: producci&oacute;n, conservaci&oacute;n y politizaci&oacute;n</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">&ndash; Producci&oacute;n de archivos y procedimientos de archivado</p> <p style="text-align: left;">para proceder a una reflexi&oacute;n acerca de sus eventuales utilizaciones es indispensable analizar los procedimientos y pr&aacute;cticas a trav&eacute;s de las cuales los actores del desarrollo producen archivos. &iquest;C&oacute;mo son recopilados, clasificados, organizados y conservados los documentos producidos, recibidos y recopilados por estos actores? &iquest;En qu&eacute; medida los proyectos y actores del desarrollo son objeto de procedimientos de archivo espec&iacute;ficos? &iquest;Qui&eacute;nes son los historiadores, historiadoras y archiveros que se encargan de este procedimiento? &iquest;Existen los empresarios privados de archivos? &iquest;C&oacute;mo se confrontan estas pr&aacute;cticas a la profusi&oacute;n de documentos, en particular, desde el desarrollo de la inform&aacute;tica? &iquest;M&aacute;s ampliamente, estamos conservando estos archivos o los estamos perdiendo a medida que estos proyectos se finalizan o que los profesionales implicados fallecen o se jubilan? &iquest;Qu&eacute; rol juegan los investigadores e investigadoras en la constituci&oacute;n de los archivos, a trav&eacute;s de nuestras pr&aacute;cticas de investigaci&oacute;n o restituci&oacute;n, a trav&eacute;s de nuestras relaciones con los actores sociales que buscan archivos, a trav&eacute;s de nuestras relaciones con las administraciones que producen archivos o con las administraciones que construyen, conservan y permiten el acceso a los archivos? &iquest;En &uacute;ltima instancia, estos procedimientos y pr&aacute;cticas de archivado reciben un tratamiento aut&oacute;nomo entre los actores concernidos, o est&aacute;n &iacute;ntimamente imbricados a ciertos objetivos, por ejemplo, financieros o pol&iacute;ticos?</p> <p style="text-align: left;">&ndash; Conservaci&oacute;n, difusi&oacute;n, acceso</p> <p style="text-align: left;">a continuaci&oacute;n, se formulan cierto n&uacute;mero de cuestiones en cuanto al modo en que estos archivos son conservados y puestos a disposici&oacute;n. &iquest;D&oacute;nde se conservan? &iquest;En el caso de las organizaciones internacionales, los archivos son conservados en los pa&iacute;ses en los que intervienen o son reunidos en las sedes? &iquest;En qu&eacute; medida los documentos susceptibles de ser archivados son consultables o consultados internamente, en el seno de las organizaciones de ayuda al desarrollo? &iquest;Qu&eacute; acceso efectivo tienen los investigadores e investigadoras a estos archivos? &iquest;C&oacute;mo se implementan los procedimientos de digitalizaci&oacute;n de archivos? &iquest;C&oacute;mo se realizan las selecciones de digitalizaci&oacute;n? &iquest;En qu&eacute; medida los proyectos de salvaguarda y digitalizaci&oacute;n de archivos africanos, sudamericanos o asi&aacute;ticos conciernen las pol&iacute;ticas y proyectos de desarrollo post independencias? &iquest;En qu&eacute; medida el riesgo de &ldquo;digital imperialism&rdquo; no aumenta la dominaci&oacute;n desarrollista? &iquest;De manera m&aacute;s general, en qu&eacute; medida estos desaf&iacute;os de conservaci&oacute;n, difusi&oacute;n y acceso son considerados por los diferentes actores como integrados en una dimensi&oacute;n pol&iacute;tica m&aacute;s vasta orientada a producir la historia del desarrollo?</p> <p style="text-align: left;">&ndash; Soberan&iacute;a, secreto y politizaci&oacute;n</p> <p style="text-align: left;">estos archivos pueden ser, a continuaci&oacute;n, objeto de desaf&iacute;os de poder, entre Estados, pero tambi&eacute;n entre organizaciones, y m&aacute;s ampliamente, de procesos de politizaci&oacute;n. &iquest;C&oacute;mo utilizan, los actores del desarrollo norte y sur, sus pr&aacute;cticas de producci&oacute;n, conservaci&oacute;n y difusi&oacute;n de los archivos para imponer su propia representaci&oacute;n pol&iacute;tica y su propio relato del desarrollo? &iquest;C&oacute;mo se alimentan rec&iacute;procamente certificaci&oacute;n de los corpus, de una parte, y legitimaci&oacute;n de las instituciones o de las pol&iacute;ticas de desarrollo, de otra parte? &iquest;E inversamente, en qu&eacute; medida los archivos de los proyectos de desarrollo son secretos? &iquest;Por otra parte, en qu&eacute; medida los archivos pueden ser para un Estado vectores de independencia y reapropiaci&oacute;n de su propia historia, de su memoria? &iquest;Cu&aacute;les son las demandas sociales de las que los archivos ser&iacute;an objeto? &iquest;En qu&eacute; medida son considerados como un objeto de soberan&iacute;a? &iquest;Estos archivos del desarrollo son objeto de una reflexi&oacute;n en t&eacute;rminos de restituci&oacute;n al igual que los archivos coloniales? &iquest;De batallas silenciosas sobre la memoria hist&oacute;rica? &iquest;En qu&eacute; medida las demandas sociales relativas a estos archivos permiten clarificar el uso del desarrollo como instrumento pol&iacute;tico o de influencia? &iquest;M&aacute;s ampliamente, en qu&eacute; contextos se convierten los archivos del desarrollo en objetos pol&iacute;ticos?</p> <h3>Enfoque 2 &ndash; Archivos del desarrollo: materiales, m&eacute;todos y reflexividad</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">&ndash; Diversidad de los &ldquo;archivos del desarrollo&rdquo;</p> <p style="text-align: left;">las obras se&ntilde;aladas muestran una gran diversidad de documentos movilizados: aquellos pertenecientes a fondos de archivos (privados o p&uacute;blicos) en sentido estricto del t&eacute;rmino, pero tambi&eacute;n toda una documentaci&oacute;n recopilada directamente de actores que la producen o reciben: documentos producidos por administraciones que no son archivadas o que no son encontradas por los investigadores en los archivos (sobre todo la literatura &ldquo;gris&rdquo; relativa a los proyectos de desarrollo y pol&iacute;ticas p&uacute;blicas-documentos program&aacute;ticos, evaluaciones, actas de reuniones&hellip;), recortes de prensa y publicaciones en l&iacute;nea, correspondencias y mails, CV, archivos orales,&nbsp;etc. &iquest;C&oacute;mo evolucionaron los tipos de documentos movilizados? &iquest;C&oacute;mo se recibe y trata la heterogeneidad de estos materiales? &iquest;En qu&eacute; medida estos materiales se hacen p&uacute;blicos una vez analizados? &iquest;Existen materiales m&aacute;s leg&iacute;timos unos que otros? &iquest;En qu&eacute; medida la heterogeneidad de los materiales disponibles y de su valor otorgado contribuye a reproducir las relaciones de poder, por ejemplo, entre aquellos que proceden al desarrollo y aquellos que son sus sujetos pasivos?</p> <p style="text-align: left;">&ndash; M&eacute;todos y pr&aacute;cticas</p> <p style="text-align: left;">la rese&ntilde;a de las obras sobre el desarrollo tambi&eacute;n lleva a identificar varios objetivos asignados a la explotaci&oacute;n de estos archivos: cartografiar un espacio experto; documentar un proyecto local; estudiar un proceso de circulaci&oacute;n, un proceso de negociaci&oacute;n de proyecto; rastrear pr&aacute;cticas, carreras y grupos profesionales; definir las categor&iacute;as subyacentes a las pol&iacute;ticas de desarrollo; reconstituir la evoluci&oacute;n de un paradigma de intervenci&oacute;n. Se tratar&aacute; aqu&iacute; de objetivar los m&eacute;todos empleados y de discutir su reproducci&oacute;n. Esperamos igualmente reflexionar c&oacute;mo sistematizar y objetivar los datos presentes en estos archivos. &iquest;C&oacute;mo sacar provecho rigurosamente de documentos que no son archivos en el sentido del historiador (clasificados e inventariados por archiveros)? &iquest;C&oacute;mo los datos originados del trabajo digital de los actores del desarrollo abren la v&iacute;a a nuevos m&eacute;todos? Un desaf&iacute;o importante aqu&iacute; es interrogarse y proponer m&eacute;todos que puedan permitir objetivar la construcci&oacute;n del desarrollo como proyecto pol&iacute;tico. Por ejemplo, &iquest;c&oacute;mo restituir los conflictos y negociaciones entre varios proyectos distintos o entre varias representaciones pol&iacute;ticas del desarrollo?</p> <p style="text-align: left;">&ndash; Compromiso reflexivo</p> <p style="text-align: left;">sin embargo, este enfoque de investigaci&oacute;n pretende tambi&eacute;n abrir una reflexi&oacute;n sobre nuestras relaciones m&aacute;s o menos extractivas o etnogr&aacute;ficas con los archivos, sobre nuestra consideraci&oacute;n de la producci&oacute;n, de la conservaci&oacute;n de los archivos (y no &uacute;nicamente de su contenido) en el an&aacute;lisis de nuestros objetos de investigaci&oacute;n. &iquest;Qu&eacute; archivos buscamos, encontramos, seleccionamos y, finalmente, movilizamos, y por qu&eacute;? &iquest;Existen documentos archivados que no vemos, no movilizamos y, si es as&iacute;, por qu&eacute;? &iquest;Qu&eacute; efectos de realidad producen las diferencias de naturaleza entre nuestras fuentes provenientes del norte y del sur? &iquest;Qu&eacute; desaf&iacute;os diplom&aacute;ticos y estrat&eacute;gicos emergen del acceso a los archivos? &iquest;En los archivos que movilizamos, qu&eacute; evocan de nuestros objetos las l&oacute;gicas de selecci&oacute;n y clasificaci&oacute;n? &iquest;Qu&eacute; regularidad observamos sobre aquello que puede ser dicho y aquello que no puede serlo? &iquest;De qu&eacute; hablamos y de qu&eacute; no hablamos, pero igualmente qu&eacute; escribas aparecen de forma clara y cu&aacute;les son eliminados? &iquest;Qu&eacute; hace o no hace un acontecimiento? &iquest;A qu&eacute; y a qui&eacute;n acordamos importancia? &iquest;Qu&eacute; r&eacute;gimen de veracidad y cu&aacute;l de historicidad consideramos? &iquest;Cu&aacute;les son las &ldquo;micro resistencias&rdquo; que afloran? &iquest;Qu&eacute; aspectos de disensi&oacute;n emergen? &iquest;Qu&eacute; proyecto moral y pol&iacute;tico es sustentado por estas convenciones, categor&iacute;as y regularidades? &iquest;C&oacute;mo toman parte, investigadores e investigadoras, por el uso de los archivos (digitalizaci&oacute;n, movilizaci&oacute;n, difusi&oacute;n), de los proyectos morales y pol&iacute;ticos de aquellos que fomentan el desarrollo (&ldquo;desarrolladores&rdquo;) y aquellos que son sus sujetos pasivos, que lo reciben (&ldquo;desarrollados&rdquo;), norte y sur? &iquest;Finalmente, c&oacute;mo contribuyen las pr&aacute;cticas de investigaci&oacute;n, en funci&oacute;n de los archivos disponibles, a reproducir los mecanismos de invisibilizaci&oacute;n de ciertos actores, particularmente en el sur, y m&aacute;s ampliamente, a reproducir las relaciones de poder propias a las actividades de desarrollo?</p> <h1>Proposiciones esperadas y objetivo del dosier</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">A trav&eacute;s de las diferentes contribuciones seleccionadas, el dosier perseguir&aacute; diversos objetivos.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">El primero es de orden metodol&oacute;gico: el aumento de inter&eacute;s por los archivos del desarrollo suscita interrogantes, en particular, en los j&oacute;venes investigadores e investigadoras en cuanto al modo de identificarlos, recolectarlos, utilizarlos y en lo referido a sus l&iacute;mites. Por ello, el dosier ofrecer&aacute; un conjunto de elementos de referencia metodol&oacute;gica a quien desee movilizar estos archivos.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">El segundo objetivo de este dosier ser&aacute; fundar las primeras bases de un proyecto m&aacute;s ambicioso de estudio de los archivos del desarrollo desde una perspectiva en la encrucijada de la &ldquo;historia conectada&rdquo; (Subrahmanyam, 2014) y de la &ldquo;sociolog&iacute;a hist&oacute;rica global&rdquo; (Go &amp; Lawson, 2017). Estudiar, con una simetr&iacute;a relativa, los archivos entre &ldquo;desarrolladores&rdquo; y &ldquo;desarrollados&rdquo; con el objetivo, por ejemplo, de renovar la historia de los Estados poscoloniales exige, efectivamente, un conocimiento m&aacute;s preciso de los archivos existentes y una consolidaci&oacute;n de los m&eacute;todos utilizados para proceder a su estudio. Ello implica conocer tambi&eacute;n, c&oacute;mo y por qui&eacute;n fueron constituidos esos archivos y en qu&eacute; medida se hacen eco de las voces de los actores de los pa&iacute;ses del sur.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Finalmente, el tercer objetivo de este dosier ser&aacute; alimentar una reflexi&oacute;n norte-sur en lo que concierne a la conservaci&oacute;n de los archivos y, m&aacute;s ampliamente, a las memorias del desarrollo. Una de las hip&oacute;tesis sobre las que se sustenta este dosier es, en efecto, la de una asimetr&iacute;a importante entre investigadores e investigadoras de los pa&iacute;ses del norte y de los pa&iacute;ses del sur en la posibilidad de acceder a estos archivos, concebidos como una parte, por consiguiente, inaccesible de la historia de los Estados y de las sociedades de los pa&iacute;ses del sur. Este dosier nos llevar&aacute; a objetivar estas simetr&iacute;as de acceso y podr&aacute; permitir fundar las bases de un trabajo reflexivo sobre la conservaci&oacute;n, el acceso y la posibilidad de una restituci&oacute;n de estos archivos. Por ello, el dosier participa de manera m&aacute;s general a alimentar un esfuerzo colectivo de reflexi&oacute;n sobre los fundamentos epistemol&oacute;gicos, metodol&oacute;gicos y &eacute;ticos de las ciencias sociales en contexto poscolonial (Fou&eacute;r&eacute; <em>et&nbsp;al</em>., 2020).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">El dosier se inscribe en una concepci&oacute;n unitaria de las ciencias sociales. Si se esperan proposiciones en historia, los investigadores e investigadoras en sociolog&iacute;a y ciencia pol&iacute;tica que movilizan archivos son vivamente invitados a someter una proposici&oacute;n. El dosier estar&aacute; abierto igualmente a recibir proposiciones de disciplinas m&aacute;s inesperadas como, por ejemplo, de economistas o dem&oacute;grafos que utilicen estos archivos desde una perspectiva cuantitativa, o de antrop&oacute;logos interesados en un procedimiento de archivado. El dosier intentar&aacute; coleccionar proposiciones sobre tipos de archivos, de instituciones y de procedimientos diferentes: archivos escritos, orales, de instituciones locales, de organizaciones internacionales, personales, de prensa, etc. El objetivo es tambi&eacute;n, en la medida de lo posible, recopilar contribuciones referentes a zonas geogr&aacute;ficas diferentes para dar al dosier una dimensi&oacute;n global y comparada.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Podr&aacute;n ser utilizados como referencias distintos dosieres que han sido coordinados estos &uacute;ltimos a&ntilde;os pero que, sin embargo, no hayan abordado directamente los archivos del desarrollo. Podemos citar varios dosieres que tratan el desarrollo, en la revista <em>Politique africaine </em>sobre los &ldquo;restos&rdquo; y las &ldquo;ruinas&rdquo; del desarrollo (Lachenal &amp; Mbodj-Pouye, 2014) y en la revista <em>Anthropologie et D&eacute;veloppement</em> sobre la &ldquo;memoria&rdquo; del desarrollo (Brun &amp; Fortun&eacute;, 2022). Otros dosieres m&aacute;s generales pueden ser mencionados, en el <em>Journal of Global History</em> sobre las organizaciones internacionales y la descolonizaci&oacute;n (Muschik, 2022), en la revista <em>Critique internationale </em>sobre las organizaciones internacionales como &aacute;mbitos de historia social de la globalizaci&oacute;n (Kott, 2011) o en la <em>Revue Tiers Monde</em> acerca de la escritura de la historia en los pa&iacute;ses en desarrollo (Maurel, 2013).</p> <h1>Modalidades de presentaci&oacute;n de las proposiciones / Participaci&oacute;n</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">Los autores se comprometen a consultar la <a href="https://journals.openedition.org/ried/267?lang=es#tocto1n1">l&iacute;nea editorial</a> de la <em>Revue internationale des &eacute;tudes du d&eacute;veloppement</em> y a cumplir con la <a href="https://journals.openedition.org/ried/468">carta &eacute;tica</a> y <a href="https://journals.openedition.org/ried/491">las recomendaciones a los autores</a>.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">El processo de selecci&oacute;n se desarrolla como sigue, seg&uacute;n las fechas indicadas en el siguiente calendario de producci&oacute;n:</p> <h3>Env&iacute;o de la propuesta de contribuciones</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">Las propuestas de contribuciones, en franc&eacute;s, ingl&eacute;s o espa&ntilde;ol, presentan el proyecto de art&iacute;culo en m&aacute;s o menos 4.000caracteres (con espacios), equivalentes a unas 500palabras o una p&aacute;gina.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">La propuesta, cuyo dossier se llama &ldquo;NOMBRE DEL AUTOR-Propuesta-256&rdquo;, incluye:</p> <ul> <li>El t&iacute;tulo de 70 caracteres m&aacute;ximo (con la possibilidad de agregar un subt&iacute;tulo)</li> <li>Un resumen del art&iacute;culo que detalle el tema de la investigaci&oacute;n, su marco te&oacute;rico, el terreno estudiado y sus principales resultados</li> <li>Referencias bibibliogr&aacute;ficas (no incluidas en el total de los caracteres autorizados)</li> <li>Un fichero adjunto llamado &ldquo;NOMBRE DEL AUTOR-Infos-256&rdquo; incluyendo los nombres y apellidos de los autores, sus estatuto y pertenencia institucional, as&iacute; como su direcci&oacute;n de correo electr&oacute;nico.</li> </ul> <p style="text-align: left;">Los coordinadores y los editores de la revista comprueban la idoneidad de la propuesta para la convocatoria y realizan una preselecci&oacute;n.</p> <h3>Env&iacute;o del art&iacute;culo</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">Se invita los autores cuya propuesta de contribuci&oacute;n fue preseleccionada a enviar una primera versi&oacute;n de su art&iacute;culo que debe imperativamente corresponder a las normas indicadas anteriormente. Los art&iacute;culos se someten entonces a una lectura doble ciego de dos evaluadores, especialistas y ajenos a la revista.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Los art&iacute;culos (de 45000 caracteres m&aacute;ximo, espacios incluidos, pero sin resumen y bibliograf&iacute;a) podr&aacute;n ser redactados en franc&eacute;s, ingl&eacute;s o espa&ntilde;ol y deben ser originales. Sin embargo, podr&aacute;n haber sido objetos de communicaciones en coloquios (con actas), bajo la condici&oacute;n de ser adaptados a las normas exigidas por la Revue internationale des &eacute;tudes du d&eacute;veloppement.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Las referencias citadas deben presentarse en formato APA.</p> <h1>Calendario de producci&oacute;n</h1> <h3>Las propuestas de art&iacute;culos deber&aacute;n ser enviadasantes del 3 de Noviembre 2023 a:</h3> <ul> <li><strong>aziki@gmail.com</strong></li> <li><strong>al-dabaghy@univ-paris8.fr</strong></li> <li><strong>deforge@ulb.be</strong></li> <li><strong>revdev@univ-paris1.fr</strong></li> </ul> <p style="text-align: left;">Las o los autores preseleccionados por las coordinadoras y el comit&eacute; de redacci&oacute;n recibir&aacute;n una respuesta por parte del equipo de la revista la semana del 13 de Noviembre 2023.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Las primeras versiones de los art&iacute;culos, en conformidad a las normas de la revista, deber&aacute;n ser enviadas por los autores a las direcciones de correo citadas antes del 20 de Enero 2024.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">El proceso de evaluaci&oacute;n durar&aacute; unos meses. 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Cambridge University Press.</p> </div> </div> <div id="categories" class="cat"> <p class="intitule">Catégories</p> <ul> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=228">Histoire</a> (Catégorie principale)</li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=259">Esprit et Langage</a> &gt; <a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=286">Épistémologie et méthodes</a> &gt; <a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=289">Vie de la recherche</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=327">Espaces</a> &gt; <a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=328">Afrique</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=259">Esprit et Langage</a> &gt; <a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=260">Pensée</a> &gt; <a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=262">Histoire intellectuelle</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=327">Espaces</a> &gt; <a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=336">Amériques</a> &gt; <a 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</ul> </div> <div id="refurl"> <p class="intitule">URLS de référence</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://journals.openedition.org/ried/">Revue internationale des études du développement sur OpenEdition Journals</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.cairn.info/revue-internationale-des-etudes-du-developpement.htm">Revue internationale des études du développement sur Cairn</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="source"> <p class="intitule">Source de l'information</p> <ul> <li>Béatrice Trotier<br/><em>courriel :</em> sr [dot] revdev [at] univ-paris1 [dot] fr</li> </ul> </div> <div id="license"> <p class="intitule">Licence</p> <p><a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><img alt="CC-BY-4.0" class="cc" src="images/ccby-88x31.png" /></a> Cette annonce est mise à disposition selon les termes de la <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons - Attribution 4.0 International - CC BY 4.0</a>.</p> </div> <div id="citation"> <p class="intitule">Pour citer cette annonce</p> <p>Yasmina Aziki, Camille Al Dabaghy, Quentin Deforge, « Archives du développement : produire, mobiliser et politiser », <span class="category">Appel à contribution</span>, <em>Calenda</em>, Publié le jeudi 07 septembre 2023, <a class="url" href="https://doi.org/10.58079/1br4">https://doi.org/10.58079/1br4</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="news" class="column last"> <div id="imprimable"> <a id="impression" onclick="javascript:window.open('1093963?formatage=print', '', 'menubar=yes,toolbar=no,scrollbars=yes,width=800,height=600');return false;" href="1093963?formatage=print">Imprimer</a> <a id="signaler" 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