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<li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Marmota flaviventris</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 35 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B7_%D8%A3%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%86" title="مرموط أصفر البطن – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مرموط أصفر البطن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B7_%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%86" title="مرموط اصفر البطن – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مرموط اصفر البطن" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marmota_flaviventris" title="Marmota flaviventris – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Marmota flaviventris" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilotol_(Marmota_flaviventris)" title="Bilotol (Marmota flaviventris) – kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Bilotol (Marmota flaviventris)" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sar%C4%B1qar%C4%B1n_marmot" title="Sarıqarın marmot – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sarıqarın marmot" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%8A%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Жълтокоремен мармот – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Жълтокоремен мармот" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moregan_kof_melen" title="Moregan kof melen – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Moregan kof melen" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marmota_de_panxa_groga" title="Marmota de panxa groga – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Marmota de panxa groga" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marmota_flaviventris" title="Marmota flaviventris – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Marmota flaviventris" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulbuget_murmeldyr" title="Gulbuget murmeldyr – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gulbuget murmeldyr" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelbbauchmurmeltier" title="Gelbbauchmurmeltier – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gelbbauchmurmeltier" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bon article"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow-bellied_marmot" title="Yellow-bellied marmot – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Yellow-bellied marmot" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marmota_flaviventris" title="Marmota flaviventris – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Marmota flaviventris" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marmota_flaviventris" title="Marmota flaviventris – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Marmota flaviventris" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA_%D8%B4%DA%A9%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="مارموت شکم‌زرد – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مارموت شکم‌زرد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="article recommandé"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keltavatsamurmeli" title="Keltavatsamurmeli – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Keltavatsamurmeli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gielbealchmarmot" title="Gielbealchmarmot – frison occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Gielbealchmarmot" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frison occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%98%D7%94_%D7%96%D7%94%D7%95%D7%91%D7%AA-%D7%91%D7%98%D7%9F" title="מרמיטה זהובת-בטן – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מרמיטה זהובת-בטן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1rgahas%C3%BA_mormota" title="Sárgahasú mormota – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sárgahasú mormota" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marmota_flaviventris" title="Marmota flaviventris – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Marmota flaviventris" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%90%E3%83%A9%E3%83%9E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%88" title="キバラマーモット – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="キバラマーモット" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%9E%80%EB%B0%B0%EB%A7%88%EB%A9%8B" title="노란배마멋 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="노란배마멋" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geltonpilvis_%C5%A1vilpikas" title="Geltonpilvis švilpikas – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Geltonpilvis švilpikas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB" title="പേടിക്കുടലൻ നിലയണ്ണാൻ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പേടിക്കുടലൻ നിലയണ്ണാൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geelbuikmarmot" title="Geelbuikmarmot – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Geelbuikmarmot" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilcha%CA%BC_(%C3%ADiyis%C3%ADg%C3%AD%C3%AD)" title="Dilchaʼ (íiyisígíí) – navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Dilchaʼ (íiyisígíí)" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Awistak_%C5%BC%C3%B3%C5%82tobrzuchy" title="Świstak żółtobrzuchy – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Świstak żółtobrzuchy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%92_%D9%B9%DA%88_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%B9" title="پیلے ٹڈ والا مارموٹ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پیلے ٹڈ والا مارموٹ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marmota-de-barriga-amarela" title="Marmota-de-barriga-amarela – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Marmota-de-barriga-amarela" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8E%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Желтобрюхий сурок – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Желтобрюхий сурок" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulbukigt_murmeldjur" title="Gulbukigt murmeldjur – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gulbukigt murmeldjur" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Бабак жовточеревий – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бабак жовточеревий" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macmot_b%E1%BB%A5ng_v%C3%A0ng" title="Macmot bụng vàng – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Macmot bụng vàng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marmota_flaviventris" title="Marmota flaviventris – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Marmota flaviventris" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E8%85%B9%E6%97%B1%E7%8D%BA" title="黃腹旱獺 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="黃腹旱獺" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q838113#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens 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div.taxobox_v3 .taxobox_classification .rnormal,.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.zoologie .taxobox_classification .normal,.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3 th[scope="row"]{font-style:normal}</style><div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive large taxobox_v3 zoologie animal bordered" style="width:20em"> <div class="entete" style=""> <div><i>Marmota flaviventris</i></div> </div><div class="images"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Marmot-edit1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Marmot-edit1.jpg/240px-Marmot-edit1.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Marmot-edit1.jpg/360px-Marmot-edit1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Marmot-edit1.jpg/480px-Marmot-edit1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span> </div> <div class="legend">Marmotte à ventre jaune</div><table class="taxobox_classification"><caption style=""><a href="/wiki/Classification_scientifique_des_esp%C3%A8ces" title="Classification scientifique des espèces">Classification</a></caption><tbody><tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A8gne_(biologie)" title="Règne (biologie)">Règne</a></th> <td> <span class="normal"><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/Embranchement_(biologie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Embranchement (biologie)">Embranchement</a></th> <td> <span class="normal"><a href="/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata">Chordata</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/Sous-embranchement" title="Sous-embranchement"><abbr class="abbr" title="Sous-embranchement">Sous-embr.</abbr></a></th> <td> <span class="normal"><a href="/wiki/Vertebrata" class="mw-redirect" title="Vertebrata">Vertebrata</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/Classe_(biologie)" title="Classe (biologie)">Classe</a></th> <td> <span class="normal"><a href="/wiki/Mammalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mammalia">Mammalia</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/Sous-classe_(biologie)" title="Sous-classe (biologie)">Sous-classe</a></th> <td> <span class="normal"><a href="/wiki/Theria" title="Theria">Theria</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/Infra-classe" title="Infra-classe">Infra-classe</a></th> <td> <span class="normal"><a href="/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria">Eutheria</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/Ordre_(biologie)" title="Ordre (biologie)">Ordre</a></th> <td> <span class="normal"><a href="/wiki/Rodentia" title="Rodentia">Rodentia</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/Sous-ordre" title="Sous-ordre">Sous-ordre</a></th> <td> <span class="normal"><a href="/wiki/Sciuromorpha" title="Sciuromorpha">Sciuromorpha</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/Famille_(biologie)" title="Famille (biologie)">Famille</a></th> <td> <span class="normal"><a href="/wiki/Sciuridae" title="Sciuridae">Sciuridae</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/Sous-famille_(biologie)" title="Sous-famille (biologie)">Sous-famille</a></th> <td> <span class="normal"><a href="/wiki/Sciurinae" title="Sciurinae">Sciurinae</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/Genre_(biologie)" title="Genre (biologie)">Genre</a></th> <td> <a href="/wiki/Marmota" class="mw-redirect" title="Marmota">Marmota</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p class="bloc"><a href="/wiki/Esp%C3%A8ce" title="Espèce">Espèce</a></p><div class="center taxobox_classification"><b><span style="font-style: normal"><i>Marmota flaviventris</i></span></b><br /><span class="rnormal"><small><b>(<a href="/wiki/John_James_Audubon" class="mw-redirect" title="John James Audubon">Audubon</a> et <a href="/wiki/John_Bachman" title="John Bachman">Bachman</a>, <a href="/wiki/1841" title="1841">1841</a>)</b></small></span></div> <p class="bloc"><a href="/wiki/Statut_de_conservation" title="Statut de conservation">Statut de conservation</a> <a href="/wiki/Union_internationale_pour_la_conservation_de_la_nature" title="Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature">UICN</a></p> <p class="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="( LC )" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Status_iucn3.1_LC-fr.svg/244px-Status_iucn3.1_LC-fr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="244" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Status_iucn3.1_LC-fr.svg/366px-Status_iucn3.1_LC-fr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Status_iucn3.1_LC-fr.svg/488px-Status_iucn3.1_LC-fr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="64" /></span></span><br /> <b> LC </b> : <b><a href="/wiki/Esp%C3%A8ce_de_pr%C3%A9occupation_mineure" title="Espèce de préoccupation mineure">Préoccupation mineure</a></b></p> <p class="bloc">Répartition géographique</p> <div class="images"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Yellow-bellied_Marmot_Marmota_flaviventris_distribution_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Yellow-bellied_Marmot_Marmota_flaviventris_distribution_map.png/290px-Yellow-bellied_Marmot_Marmota_flaviventris_distribution_map.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Yellow-bellied_Marmot_Marmota_flaviventris_distribution_map.png/435px-Yellow-bellied_Marmot_Marmota_flaviventris_distribution_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Yellow-bellied_Marmot_Marmota_flaviventris_distribution_map.png/580px-Yellow-bellied_Marmot_Marmota_flaviventris_distribution_map.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="761" /></a></span> </div> <div class="legend">Répartition des <i>Marmota flaviventris</i><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></div> </div> <p>La <b>Marmotte à ventre jaune</b> ou à ventre fauve (<i><b>Marmota flaviventris</b></i>) est une <a href="/wiki/Esp%C3%A8ce" title="Espèce">espèce</a> de <a href="/wiki/Rongeurs" class="mw-redirect" title="Rongeurs">rongeurs</a> de la famille des <a href="/wiki/Sciuridae" title="Sciuridae">Sciuridae</a> qui vit dans les étages <a href="/w/index.php?title=Subalpin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Subalpin (page inexistante)">subalpins</a> des montagnes d'<a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_du_Nord" title="Amérique du Nord">Amérique du Nord</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Morphologie">Morphologie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marmota_flaviventris&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Morphologie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marmota_flaviventris&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Morphologie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ce grand rongeur de 46 à 70 <abbr class="abbr" title="centimètre">cm</abbr> de long a une fourrure brun-jaune sur le dos et beige-jaune sur le ventre et la gorge. Certains individus présentent une tache blanche entre les yeux ou de chaque côté de la truffe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comportement">Comportement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marmota_flaviventris&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Comportement" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marmota_flaviventris&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Comportement"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Animal diurne, cette marmotte possède un cri d'alarme répétitif et haut perché permettant de prévenir la communauté de l'approche d'un prédateur. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Habitat_/_Répartition"><span id="Habitat_.2F_R.C3.A9partition"></span>Habitat / Répartition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marmota_flaviventris&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Habitat / Répartition" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marmota_flaviventris&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Habitat / Répartition"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On trouve cette marmotte au niveau des prairies de l'étage subalpin de l'ouest des États-Unis et du sud-ouest du Canada, dont dans les <a href="/wiki/Montagnes_Rocheuses" title="Montagnes Rocheuses">montagnes Rocheuses</a> et la <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Nevada_(%C3%89tats-Unis)" title="Sierra Nevada (États-Unis)">Sierra Nevada</a>, de 2000 à 3 600 <abbr class="abbr" title="mètre">m</abbr> d'altitude<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. <br />Cette marmotte apprécie les habitats ouverts où elle peut surveiller de loin l'arrivée d'éventuels prédateurs : zones <a href="/wiki/Steppique" class="mw-redirect" title="Steppique">steppiques</a> et <a href="/wiki/Prairies,_savanes_et_brousses_temp%C3%A9r%C3%A9es" class="mw-redirect" title="Prairies, savanes et brousses tempérées">prairies</a> garnies de <a href="/wiki/Rocaille" title="Rocaille">rocaille</a>, pierriers (champs d'<a href="/wiki/%C3%89boulis" title="Éboulis">éboulis</a> et autres habitats ouverts, parfois en lisière de forêts de feuillus ou de conifères. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Territorialité"><span id="Territorialit.C3.A9"></span>Territorialité</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marmota_flaviventris&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Territorialité" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marmota_flaviventris&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Territorialité"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La marmotte est un animal <a href="/wiki/Territorial" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial">territorial</a>. Le territoire d'une famille de marmotte est de 4 à 7 acres (2 à <span title="30 000 m² ou 0,03 km²" style="cursor:help">3</span> <abbr class="abbr" title="hectare">ha</abbr>) répartis autour d'un certain nombre de terriers d'été. <br />Les Marmottes creusent volontiers leurs terriers sous les pierres où elles sont mieux protégées des prédateurs </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prédateurs"><span id="Pr.C3.A9dateurs"></span>Prédateurs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marmota_flaviventris&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Prédateurs" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marmota_flaviventris&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Prédateurs"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les principaux <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9dateur" class="mw-redirect" title="Prédateur">prédateurs</a> de la marmotte sont les <a href="/wiki/Loup" class="mw-redirect" title="Loup">loups</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ours" class="mw-redirect" title="Ours">ours</a>, <a href="/wiki/Renard" title="Renard">renards</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coyote" title="Coyote">coyotes</a>, certains grands <a href="/wiki/Rapace" title="Rapace">rapaces</a> et les <a href="/wiki/Homo_sapiens" title="Homo sapiens">humains</a>. <br />Quand une marmotte aperçoit un prédateur, elle siffle pour avertir les autres marmottes de la même zone (ce qui lui a donné en Amérique du nord le surnom de « cochon de sifflet »). Ensuite, elle se cache généralement dans un terrier ou dans l'amas de roches le plus proche. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="États_des_populations,_menaces"><span id=".C3.89tats_des_populations.2C_menaces"></span>États des populations, menaces</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marmota_flaviventris&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : États des populations, menaces" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marmota_flaviventris&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : États des populations, menaces"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La marmotte a bénéficié d'un statut d'espèce protégée et du fait qu'elle vit dans des régions peu habitées. De plus, c'est une des espèces de l'habitat subalpin dynamique qui pourraient, au moins provisoirement et dans un premier temps, bénéficier du réchauffement climatique qui explique selon des chercheurs l'augmentation récente des populations et de son aire de répartition <sup id="cite_ref-Nature2010_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nature2010-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>). Les <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9r%C3%A8glements_climatiques" class="mw-redirect" title="Dérèglements climatiques">dérèglements climatiques</a> récents se traduisent par des changements <a href="/wiki/Ph%C3%A9nologie" title="Phénologie">phénologiques</a>, de traits morphologiques et de dynamique des populations pour de nombreuses espèces<sup id="cite_ref-Nature2010_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nature2010-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. <br />La marmotte à ventre jaune est une des espèces qui a servi à étudier les liens entre réponses (<a href="/wiki/Ph%C3%A9notypique" class="mw-redirect" title="Phénotypique">phénotypiques</a> et <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9mographique" class="mw-redirect" title="Démographique">démographiques</a>) des espèces et <a href="/wiki/Changements_climatiques" class="mw-redirect" title="Changements climatiques">changements climatiques</a>, sur la base d'un suivi de 1976 à 2008<sup id="cite_ref-Nature2010_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nature2010-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Les chercheurs ont constaté que la fin de l'hibernation de la marmotte est plus précoce, de même que le sevrage des jeunes, et que ces deux facteurs ont permis une saison de croissance plus longues et une masse corporelle plus élevée à l'entrée en hibernation. Le changement phénotypique (marmottes plus grosses et lourdes) s'accompagne d'une moindre mortalité des adultes, qui a permis une brusque augmentation de taille de la population dans les années 1990-2000 <sup id="cite_ref-Nature2010_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nature2010-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Par contre la rareté des grands prédateurs (avec pour conséquences une moindre <a href="/wiki/Pression_s%C3%A9lective" class="mw-redirect" title="Pression sélective">pression sélective</a>) et la tendance à la remontée en altitude des <a href="/wiki/Tique" title="Tique">tiques</a> (qui semblent également favorisées par le réchauffement) pourrait à terme exposer ces populations à de nouveaux <a href="/wiki/Risques_sanitaires" class="mw-redirect" title="Risques sanitaires">risques sanitaires</a> et <a href="/wiki/%C3%89co-%C3%A9pid%C3%A9miologique" class="mw-redirect" title="Éco-épidémiologique">éco-épidémiologiques</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marmota_flaviventris&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marmota_flaviventris&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) 2008. Marmota flaviventris. In: IUCN 2014. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.iucnredlist.org">http://www.iucnredlist.org</a>. Downloaded on 25 February 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">James Kavanagh (1994): <i>Nature of California</i>, p 27 .Waterford Press. <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/0-9640225-9-1" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/0-9640225-9-1"><span class="nowrap">0-9640225-9-1</span></a>)</small>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nature2010-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Nature2010_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nature2010_3-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nature2010_3-2">c</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Nature2010_3-3">d</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text">Arpat Ozgul, Dylan Z. Childs, Madan K. Oli, Kenneth B. Armitage, Daniel T. Blumstein, Lucretia E. Olson, Shripad Tuljapurkar & Tim Coulson ; Coupled dynamics of body mass and population growth in response to environmental change ; Nature 466, 482-485 (22 July 2010) ; doi:10.1038/nature09210; Received 11 February 2010; Accepted 28 May 2010.</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marmota_flaviventris&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marmota_flaviventris&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style><div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="commons"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Marmota_flaviventris?uselang=fr">Marmota flaviventris</a>, sur <span class="project">Wikimedia Commons</span></li><li class="wikispecies"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Marmota_flaviventris" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Marmota flaviventris">Marmota flaviventris</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur <span class="project">Wikispecies</span></span></li> </ul> </div> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage" id="MSW"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Référence <a href="/wiki/Mammal_Species_of_the_World" title="Mammal Species of the World"><i>Mammal Species of the World</i> <small>(<abbr class="abbr" title="Troisième">3<sup>e</sup></abbr>  <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr>, 2005)</small></a> : <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?s=y&id=16087"> <i>Marmota flaviventris</i> </a></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Tolweb"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Référence <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Tree_of_Life_Web_Project" title="Tree of Life Web Project">Tree of Life Web Project</a></span></i> : <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tolweb.org/Marmota+flaviventris"><i>Marmota flaviventris</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="CatalogueofLife"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Référence <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">Catalogue of Life</a></span></i> : <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/3Y84B"><i>Marmota flaviventris</i> (Audubon & Bachman, 1841)</a> <small>(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-12-15" data-sort-value="2020-12-15">15 décembre 2020</time>)</small></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="ITIS"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langues : français et anglais">(fr + en)</abbr> Référence <i><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_d%27information_taxonomique_int%C3%A9gr%C3%A9" title="Système d'information taxonomique intégré">ITIS</a></i> : <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=180140"><i>Marmota flaviventris</i> (Audubon and Bachman, 1841)</a></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="ADW"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Référence <i><a href="/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">Animal Diversity Web</a></i> : <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Marmota_flaviventris/"><i>Marmota flaviventris</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="BioLib"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Référence <i><a href="/wiki/BioLib" title="BioLib">BioLib</a></i> : <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id35003/"><i>Marmota flaviventris</i> (Audubon & Bachman, 1841)</a></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="NCBI"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Référence <i><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a></i> : <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=93162"><i>Marmota flaviventris</i></a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?lin=s&p=has_linkout&id=93162">taxons inclus</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="UICN"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Référence <i><a href="/wiki/Union_internationale_pour_la_conservation_de_la_nature" title="Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature">UICN</a></i> : <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/42457"><small>espèce</small> <i>Marmota flaviventris</i></a> <small>(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-05-26" data-sort-value="2015-05-26">26 mai 2015</time>)</small></span></li></ul> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Mammif%C3%A8res" title="Portail des mammifères"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Goat_icon_yellow.svg/24px-Goat_icon_yellow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Goat_icon_yellow.svg/36px-Goat_icon_yellow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Goat_icon_yellow.svg/48px-Goat_icon_yellow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Mammif%C3%A8res" title="Portail:Mammifères">Portail des mammifères</a></span> </span></li> </ul>    </div><noscript><img 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