CINXE.COM
Just a moment...
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9136fae74f00fe09',cH: 'yOM.LLFVgFhLxuSZ66tNB4WKdcbCGPCtqCWMoz.0db8-1739807919-1.2.1.1-Y3rhIwPXP8veqmpfdcuyQulFYaoQvi2zI5Ex6jElv4574UvSTn0LnYHrYcVTunbp',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/112162\/real-world-economic-burden-of-musculoskeletal-disorders-in-nigeria?__cf_chl_tk=UMbZN5M636P.vlHFr2ct2c71CRDJRgXQVSs3s00h8tU-1739807919-1.0.1.1-jyM8vFMYf3IQcGzHw0S25tNK7RCMSOyvbefx6AB6Eko",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1739807919',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/112162\/real-world-economic-burden-of-musculoskeletal-disorders-in-nigeria?__cf_chl_f_tk=UMbZN5M636P.vlHFr2ct2c71CRDJRgXQVSs3s00h8tU-1739807919-1.0.1.1-jyM8vFMYf3IQcGzHw0S25tNK7RCMSOyvbefx6AB6Eko",md: "cR1hMhZ4GqgvNEQ3r1P1TrhqZfeW9wJLaSnhpDvmNCI-1739807919-1.2.1.1-0_LhfN.CWw7Mcl8r8kH2JB5QTJk3RbiXa4tAeauXNZWGPY0ZjW3lejlceO1grxwmlVf7zIVHeN9tHNhymS0k1BFcttHoWU.CinJxBCgJIt8nnFY7rMddLJGSKGxwZAvONmY8lngcWtjVp0hr6NdWUxEHolTGH5UP3iUi2HvcVNL0fSH0tJomtYc5qmhHYmDWlZCftagoCu1ZG6qeJG5DIf8nSgNq0XsfCs_HSY6g.4agTv2iRYCKhukzqVibarIPbby3uF4K2vNJVA6qI5WJNyfN1qiEVz0GuIFfFkg3SNS2qntUeaaabrbCRRHgwyH7Ruf6PZ46I3lEs4F9GlLHWEYqbibLzPYGYuiph8F2DdLbPRrS8YLJXvlJN.VU1uyQZ_BwWcYUR74Qv6KpYYt0M1DF4Mugx8afhHiZukzEBWNx9lrWOyFLOBZY1G8fbkyYZa3hxkFXt..93TPcwCpQOxX6lPJg4w3.CXA9bDo38UfwYixOGEIOab3vvYVCG8Py.7bpC4qoeLj_nIG_5TVrbWUWn9WTkEJ3uVbHKxL7yms6DFRYn3Dyj0YNNU0vzS.PGbyGqItZwaNaVk_PLs9NmYtKApxoIjOKKJi9nTk.j4MTVne0OCf0aSOonzfalvjd7JeqEGWp2Aq0IKxucJv68zWmRjWlHSWuPwmgCn6VrUiaoayVsDHOpWzaemdcRBziCxSMGe4qUCjES6FOujowwd.d7RZJRyr6ha33QbbQ8z.ZRs1rbyMZZXROxGHBHb5H52aEf01aRBCB.0GtnuHi.xWsnLuK_GCfudBINimtwWJRi8Uvk9QxlUL7KH4bkxRwTPjQNAmkecEq4sODqsVR4Kt0kdDrpgpkLMbX0U8pGm66eKxlD2h_47DZ3C6y_nYEqCah1g10OGcnfCH_qq1cPXDdOKVek7geAK9.yvXqfjQPn0BLp_eSQu8lINCbW5dmODyriwMwvdwwW0YTYeh_SBuQ8AGK4XE7OPXY5RwrlSIP3sIo1jLEgV1a6HZX2H0OAJfZKtqsbyyj.kbZC_JFZ119lzpX_P8g9iJ58.VQ3m58lm06PLG56aVSzXbMdFMCIqIzfKPLjphgJxV15Z_6EDuodJVlunGSG778ZS3avUlJ3YNNyGQ8vRhr_clfIUVMJyU_6WzYtZA2sGPBJMqqV8W6jtqEvvb8hQy_6uTv960yZZeuNH4tgZLdI_LNMHx7HoC_QO05hKMEKFafW.yIDgPVDUY0gtvHwx8qzicEu9j3.Okh2GGbrDPx2CQ3AU8QwnoiTNCwXCy43TjHPeQqFqfufX9gAzBmZGIaWEvGxtfCUHBMosN5vUgiP9bISYG66FHyg6m50Cjd7pzQdog4mpHn9VObHJd40R5q5UvDFXOVjA8PnZI2rdS6sB9IpsvarixkPry7ljXEJ.ESyQ5tWHyV5u8jeT3OIz6RfagbnLBt.2M8iEtJTGsfr1RPTsRE8vlp8sxIJuAnHOfyVj4YpIVW1JcJDYm8T75qcg5BoEdHWpBJBNv6KV2vz1VlwRhpj3Twr5.UALFdpNuXODN8OF.fJ7TWHwkLAysonvBIf0rpUxq0V6.K5fVrPWe_bnUEQK57XwXEL7q1RHI.U_PaO_YBan0mQ1mPuCMo46Z0lcB3wNcOjtKb0St_CvxF_rMc0eB7QzaNIJx5cpzx.czZyXUXAXcRygUl8JuxH3Jl0l0FI5xOottXFGKaPsjgGx.lvO.4twNEoxpkPRtGERR2TIxZVjRAjb550VpJX2sXDdrVyco5UdKazybkC4HSpI4zAs3IqXavfcykY7VjQJk67DHzbFZqPZ9lxbFTBqugPHfmOavN7cv.kQv5f27MvcF1cfQu5JiHLw_A5vDE_9kglQocLqwyx0VIEUUhcL4NvqBbCendvuEpbbRZdTLsoHfK1cQPV.BoKkW5AtBUwoVEHhsCFpbcl7hT7NnW2NR9PGkJ2V8oPA3RgqHRa9cMOSxNkK7JAWDQBJumfQcez2gnC9RPMYsU._BhO2M0lnCgLYsuabccxdW96f1XJFLbsg4T67pXkvbui66pKtI_lihe9N.UpXr8YxSQQueKfv_iYBg",mdrd: "Kf5UgfN3iRm36_ev0SpYuLVwOrP2c7sLW.bGFL9siBk-1739807919-1.2.1.1-UUB55TuxiBBfxpHv7IRkW8S6DlzLWOH1boSnNaLNF2mkernCmKkNbw8LX21vKQg2lhr7p5fhvv8zhbAGi_KdtWA9o9HOS4YhJ5FGqyT5AkL6RLn1JfeBpHSje9D.txJf7hu4S0QOJtSKZdBdnlPFT4X14lXWfAu1C_iGyqIUMqw.KzJQ.rgx4V5SyPztV7FNO0.QWhigQ1rxYmdkvRCQGcwtm6iJy0R.HRpP5_c4tHaTNz28HmB_5ODvwDpB.c9llii7aJOTXcKt34IRajFHF5ZDt5sDBm1tWiICHBrdTfR25I.PMDet4UuhomgOqhgAdeX0tpOYnxw8IYwagR3Zpgbnl55byZdalTk4E9PFphyMi0UGV8sU11r2jULCNfHI4LAu3vWHavspnOKGHB8.ct3mPAL_RpBCSTc9IBNb5k7OL1WLSR9vcqUtdWmFdeE_BQDe.UIGfi1Z5bzO3xuyWZpcHVGunOO5JnxTY2kTtmwJmkI0IPwB9UX6BoZZuv0E0SBRKPdjzI87c97GOqMhp2NzQBL4ievdvU.q0aDh0M6odeUInHgHgV_Qf984t.VyzrQNkrLMOVsJDcMEsp8wstXPpZxNeq5IkIqk6itLMBAq5iBC7_rvN8OGS0FQfzu8qd2oEzWgd23NdQGyKP.HELVTyQ5k45g5Yph72tFYWEHE_4lphZJf1aG9WPxukZIkbWME3vNoMUZuF_JxU5XSo9unoZYJx93k_EW.82MPdcCvzbFn9dskp5iUJGwHpDadITOw82rLUDE1T4mCEdMKYfNLWBE1pfzN2AboVzLjc5HPIl2kKg0q0CV8vTiXfbQNreJu7BoysAe4cbIvtHfXy4pVHDLGN_iNSgNHuz_vVq0JO7ShlcsrTc52KZtw273bSeiHbxiJtardJua.xIKp65eyRVXJ11kuee3YJaDObxvLAemqw4_UTzirEpCfc_.oyIDvEaHMqrIDOoyvTqRdDcgCPgSDe532M5jJ6VqvLd8A_y9OkAkG7Fg__ucqGglLscvhzLSauONZKUFB1AXf5tckz08StDyudL9KFApg5OMekiMyEoqemvItIwW.W3eJ3R7aX9Y2ANkQQeB5C3j4INvFGhtLPPUR.GYlqgiMZwaGXPGiPvRGmgFv9Agncty6tt.9FiJUbL1oSFTpkh863pekjlTdL8nLOrrXUgSDRavugd8Kv6BvQFUHKb3UHaHxdWR4CjJNRNggTBoH_gG6JRwMG95KAe_2JrksJx8DksAIC0Y99GMR7E9KYuBJeZpfWVPkaAvLsANaPaOj0HbbjQLb.8afDnJ.vGtFzzwztCnBFnUItwz07QwqYTnkiuAPXMdSzt0YmDCNCGTWwJr2f2XhmaZf9H1PGu5aNLiufmIhUx6Fsq.6O0IM78OT5MFHtMwH3Om3TW.zrXFN.iXPEWX6se2ubY_ru9ZvN9AHFAqit0KX6CbGeUeb.UtxNQjGI12Iz9FI2.VOdK6B9RU3cSymR4WUFbZHz8xcyYWJrq_I7HnPCLYAHeVbuR0JX.7n.z.V4aHcSOTE_z5OiZxdTrWggJuUvYXzoP2KzdUXhG8qoVH5KH8tM7WhrEEBXQTshWYdmFY6NapXM1QrMVja1k7iliecEKfFuMvVoLHrP7D0lzFUaatAsYsnEdebWOkPciD2im3IY1ez6Hz0mchwctGu..nGlXo9vUhfxDmtNP4Iui8gkJ9YIAbgy1wfVchJ5se_KW01Vw_ixIz8Ig6GCZm6ruPq9E9azsOtK.sE95eKs07xQeg7C5Ga3V_Vk9jCaoqYBdGp1SobebRjzqkIWdgA64nww1RNx9PGArVvEoL.VTBuudHWR6DaRs4CZCLnKcZhNaiImLdTIXdhqE.3GNyIgWRuw4E9vqxQzymW64THwsoh0AiawjcHVMpIiQclTRKN99gyzGuPvp8mxyl6cFC8IzwZwOqS_tTkPyZ7Lyn3BPSjD8i66XGVfhtfMVwnxKwFL_XH0_N.dAO_e011Ag"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9136fae74f00fe09';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/112162\/real-world-economic-burden-of-musculoskeletal-disorders-in-nigeria?__cf_chl_rt_tk=UMbZN5M636P.vlHFr2ct2c71CRDJRgXQVSs3s00h8tU-1739807919-1.0.1.1-jyM8vFMYf3IQcGzHw0S25tNK7RCMSOyvbefx6AB6Eko" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>