Chemically Modified Sago Fly Ash for Pb(II) Removal from Water

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.scientific.net/DDF.411.93" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Chemically Modified Sago Fly Ash for Pb(II) Removal from Water | Scientific.Net" /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.scientific.net/DDF.411.93" /> <meta property="og:image" content="/Content/app/scinet5/images/metadata_logo.png" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="261" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="260" /> <meta property="og:image:alt" content="Scientific.Net Logo" /> <meta name="citation_language" content="en" /> <meta name="citation_publisher" content="Trans Tech Publications Ltd" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="Chemically Modified Sago Fly Ash for Pb(II) Removal from Water" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2021" /> <meta name="citation_online_date" content="2021/09/08" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Defect and Diffusion Forum" /> <meta name="citation_issn" content="1662-9507" /> <meta name="citation_volume" content="411" /> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="93" /> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="105" /> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://www.scientific.net/DDF.411.93.pdf" /> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://www.scientific.net/DDF.411.93" /> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="Adsorption;Chemical Modification;Fly Ash;<i>M.Sagu</i>;Pb (II);Sago" /> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.411.93" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Rafeah Wahi" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Showkat Ahmad Bhawani" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Zainab Ngaini" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Nur Farhana Yusop" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Nur Hanani Hasana" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Heavy metal poisoning: management of intoxication and antidotes; citation_author=Daniel E. 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In this study, sago (M.sagu) fly ash (FA) was chemically modified to afford an operational adsorbent for Pb (II) elimination from water. Chemical modification was carried out via acid-base treatment using NaOH and HCl. The chemically modified fly ash (MFA) was characterized via proximate, surface morphology, and functional groups' surface area analyses. The effects of adsorption parameters, namely, Pb (II) initial concentration, sorbent dosage and contact time on the eradication of Pb (II) by MFA was analyzed in batch experiments with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Optimization of Pb (II) removal by MFA was studied via response surface methodology (RSM) approach. Results revealed that chemical modification has successfully enhanced the adsorptive properties of MFA (BET surface area: 231.4 m2/g, fixed carbon: 55.83%). MFA exhibits better Pb (II) removal efficiency (90.8%) compared to FA (63.6%) at the following adsorption condition: Pb (II) initial concentration (5 ppm), contact time (30 min) and agitation speed (150 rpm). The adsorption of Pb (II) by FA and MFA fitted well with Freundlich isotherm (R2&gt;0.9). RSM study suggested that the optimum Pb (II) removal was 99.4% at the following conditions: Pb (II) initial concentration (20 ppm), contact time (2 h) and sorbent dosage (0.6 g/50 mL). The results concluded the potential optimum operational condition for Pb (II) removal from aqueous environment by MFA as a low cost adsorbent, at larger scale." /> <meta name="keywords" content="Adsorption, Chemical Modification, Fly Ash, <i>M.Sagu</i>, Pb (II), Sago" /> <meta name="copyright" content="2021 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. 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<div class="paper-statistics"> <div class="loading"> <i class="inline-icon download-and-visitor-statistics-icon"></i> <span class="normal-text" id="paperDownloadsAndVisitorsCount"></span> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <div class="page-paper-title"> <div class="preview-block"> <img alt="Article Preview" width="128" height="180" src="/DDF.411.93/thumbnail.gif"> <div id="preview-button" data-url-preview-log="/Paper/PreviewImageLog?paperId=578548"> <i class="inline-icon preview-icon"></i> </div>  <div id="paper-preview-modal" class="modal fade"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="popup-page-name underline-begin"> <div class="page-name-block-text">Article Preview</div> </div> <img alt="Article Preview" class="preview-image lazyload" data-src="/DDF.411.93/preview.gif"> <a data-dismiss="modal" title="Close" class="inline-icon close-icon"></a> </div> </div>  </div> <div class="abstract-block-description"> <h3 class="page-paper-first-header">Abstract:</h3> <p class="normal-text"> The use of agricultural by-products has been widely studied to develop effective and inexpensive adsorbent for heavy metal removal. In this study, sago (<i>M.sagu</i>) fly ash (FA) was chemically modified to afford an operational adsorbent for Pb (II) elimination from water. Chemical modification was carried out via acid-base treatment using NaOH and HCl. The chemically modified fly ash (MFA) was characterized via proximate, surface morphology, and functional groups' surface area analyses. The effects of adsorption parameters, namely, Pb (II) initial concentration, sorbent dosage and contact time on the eradication of Pb (II) by MFA was analyzed in batch experiments with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Optimization of Pb (II) removal by MFA was studied via response surface methodology (RSM) approach. Results revealed that chemical modification has successfully enhanced the adsorptive properties of MFA (BET surface area: 231.4 m<sup>2</sup>/g, fixed carbon: 55.83%). MFA exhibits better Pb (II) removal efficiency (90.8%) compared to FA (63.6%) at the following adsorption condition: Pb (II) initial concentration (5 ppm), contact time (30 min) and agitation speed (150 rpm). The adsorption of Pb (II) by FA and MFA fitted well with Freundlich isotherm (R<sup>2</sup>>0.9). RSM study suggested that the optimum Pb (II) removal was 99.4% at the following conditions: Pb (II) initial concentration (20 ppm), contact time (2 h) and sorbent dosage (0.6 g/50 mL). The results concluded the potential optimum operational condition for Pb (II) removal from aqueous environment by MFA as a low cost adsorbent, at larger scale. </p> </div> <div class="paper-access-buttons col-xs-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="sa-button-wrap"> <a id="sa-button" class="wayfinder-login d-flex sa-button" href="javascript:;"> <div class="sa-button-logo-wrap"> <i class="inline-icon sa-white"></i> </div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center sa-button-text text-truncate"> <div class="sa-button-text-primary text-truncate">Access through your institution</div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="title-button-pdf"> <button id="readPaperButton" data-url-read-paper-log="/Paper/ReadThePaperLog?paperId=578548" class="button button-160"> <span class="inline-element">Read The Paper</span> </button> </div> </div> <div class="row"> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <div class="connected-title-container"> <div class="connected-title-text 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data-url="/Paper/_Message?paperId=578548&personId=1657832&urlSent=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scientific.net%2FDDF.411.93" title="Send message to Corresponding Author"> </a> <a href="/author-papers/rafeah-wahi-1">Rafeah Wahi</a>*, <a href="/author-papers/showkat-ahmad-bhawani">Showkat Ahmad Bhawani</a>, <a href="/author-papers/z-ngaini">Zainab Ngaini</a>, <a href="/author-papers/nur-farhana-yusop">Nur Farhana Yusop</a>, <a href="/author-papers/nur-hanani-hasana">Nur Hanani Hasana</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>Keywords:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <a href="/paper-keyword/adsorption">Adsorption</a>, <a href="/paper-keyword/chemical-modification">Chemical Modification</a>, <a href="/paper-keyword/fly-ash">Fly Ash</a>, <a 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