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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Barn decoration in the United States</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable selfref">For the use of barnstars within the Wikipedia community, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Barnstars" title="Wikipedia:Barnstars">Wikipedia:Barnstars</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BarnstarProud.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/BarnstarProud.jpg/220px-BarnstarProud.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/BarnstarProud.jpg/330px-BarnstarProud.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/BarnstarProud.jpg/440px-BarnstarProud.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1562" data-file-height="1303" /></a><figcaption>A barnstar</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>barnstar</b> (or <b>barn star</b>, <b>primitive star</b>, or <b>Pennsylvania star</b>) is a painted object or image, often in the shape of a <a href="/wiki/Five-pointed_star" title="Five-pointed star">five-pointed star</a> but occasionally in a circular "wagon wheel" style, used to decorate a <a href="/wiki/Barn" title="Barn">barn</a> in some parts of the United States. They have no structural purpose but may be considered lucky, akin to a <a href="/wiki/Horseshoe" title="Horseshoe">horseshoe</a> mounted over a doorway.<sup id="cite_ref-garden_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-garden-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are especially common in <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> and frequently seen in German-American farming communities. They are also found in Canada, particularly in the province of <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barnstar&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Barnstars were meant to represent the mark of the builder but became more frequently used for aesthetic purposes and were added to the building after construction was complete.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Enthusiasts have traced a number of wooden barnstars to individual builders in the Pennsylvania area, where numerous examples can still be seen.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Barnstars were used in the United States during the 18th century and as late as 1870 in Pennsylvania, where their popularity increased greatly following the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a>. Their regular use preceded that time, however, and stars were commonplace on large buildings, particularly factories, in pre-war <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond, Virginia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-garden_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-garden-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Barnstars remain a popular form of decoration, and modern houses are sometimes decorated with simple, metal, five-pointed stars that the makers describe as "barn-stars".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are often deliberately <a href="/wiki/Distressing" title="Distressing">distressed</a> or rusted, alluding to the traditional decoration. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_star-shaped_plates">Other star-shaped plates</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barnstar&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Other star-shaped plates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On older buildings in the <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Dutch" title="Pennsylvania Dutch">Pennsylvania Dutch</a> area of the United States, it is still possible to find barnstar-like building adornments that are painted, rather than wooden or metal, known as <a href="/wiki/Hex_sign" title="Hex sign">hex signs</a>. Strictly speaking, they are defined apart from barnstars and visually bear only passing resemblance, but the two are often confused and their names are even regarded as interchangeable.<sup id="cite_ref-garden_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-garden-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some hex signs incorporate star shapes, while others may take the form of a rosette or contain pictures of birds and other animals.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term barnstar has been applied to <a href="/wiki/Anchor_plate#Gallery" title="Anchor plate">star-shaped anchor plates</a> that are used for structural reinforcement, particularly on masonry buildings from the 18th and 19th centuries. These are made of cast iron and are used as anchor plates serving as the <a href="/wiki/Washer_(mechanical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Washer (mechanical)">washers</a> for <a href="/wiki/Tie_rod" title="Tie rod">tie rods</a>. The anchor-rod-and-plate assembly serves to brace the masonry wall against tilting or lateral bowing. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerycaption">Barnstars</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 144.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 142.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Strasburg_51_E_Main.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="House with a barnstar in Strasburg, Pennsylvania"><img alt="House with a barnstar in Strasburg, Pennsylvania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Strasburg_51_E_Main.JPG/214px-Strasburg_51_E_Main.JPG" decoding="async" width="143" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Strasburg_51_E_Main.JPG/321px-Strasburg_51_E_Main.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Strasburg_51_E_Main.JPG/427px-Strasburg_51_E_Main.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2934" data-file-height="3912" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">House with a barnstar in <a href="/wiki/Strasburg,_Pennsylvania" title="Strasburg, Pennsylvania">Strasburg, Pennsylvania</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 144.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 142.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Strasburg_E_Main_109.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="House with star anchor plates"><img alt="House with star anchor plates" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Strasburg_E_Main_109.JPG/214px-Strasburg_E_Main_109.JPG" decoding="async" width="143" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Strasburg_E_Main_109.JPG/321px-Strasburg_E_Main_109.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Strasburg_E_Main_109.JPG/427px-Strasburg_E_Main_109.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2688" data-file-height="3584" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">House with star anchor plates</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Barnstar_anchor_plate.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=""Barnstar" anchor plate"><img alt=""Barnstar" anchor plate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Barnstar_anchor_plate.jpg/301px-Barnstar_anchor_plate.jpg" decoding="async" width="201" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Barnstar_anchor_plate.jpg/452px-Barnstar_anchor_plate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Barnstar_anchor_plate.jpg/602px-Barnstar_anchor_plate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2033" data-file-height="1925" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">"Barnstar" anchor plate</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Internet_"barnstars""><span id="Internet_.22barnstars.22"></span>Internet "barnstars"</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barnstar&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Internet "barnstars""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="As_award"></span> Some <a href="/wiki/Wiki" title="Wiki">Wiki</a>-based communities give their users an award called a "barnstar" as a continuation of the "barn raising" metaphor. The practice originated on <a href="/wiki/MeatballWiki" title="MeatballWiki">MeatballWiki</a> and was adopted by Wikipedia in 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The image that is frequently used for this purpose is actually a photo of one of the structural anchor plates, not of a proper barnstar.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barnstar&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pentagram" title="Pentagram">Pentagram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hex_sign" title="Hex sign">Hex sign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pow-wow_(folk_magic)" title="Pow-wow (folk magic)">Pow-wow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Dutch" title="Pennsylvania Dutch">Pennsylvania Dutch</a> folk magic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moravian_star" title="Moravian star">Moravian star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_star" title="Red star">Red star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_(polygon)" class="mw-redirect" title="Star (polygon)">Star (polygon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Barnstars" title="Wikipedia:Barnstars">Wikipedia:Barnstars</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barnstar&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-garden-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-garden_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-garden_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-garden_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output 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"A Contingency View of Transferring and Adapting Best Practices Within Online Communities". <i>Proceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing</i>. CSCW '16. New York, NY, USA: ACM. pp. 729–743. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F2818048.2819976">10.1145/2818048.2819976</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781450335928" title="Special:BookSources/9781450335928"><bdi>9781450335928</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.atitle=A+Contingency+View+of+Transferring+and+Adapting+Best+Practices+Within+Online+Communities&rft.btitle=Proceedings+of+the+19th+ACM+Conference+on+Computer-Supported+Cooperative+Work+%26+Social+Computing&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY%2C+USA&rft.series=CSCW+%2716&rft.pages=729-743&rft.pub=ACM&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1145%2F2818048.2819976&rft.isbn=9781450335928&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Haiyi&rft.au=Kraut%2C+Robert+E.&rft.au=Kittur%2C+Aniket&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABarnstar" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; 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