CINXE.COM
Robust Face Recognition using AAM and Gabor Features
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <!-- Google tag (gtag.js) --> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script> <!-- Yandex.Metrika counter --> <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript> <!-- /Yandex.Metrika counter --> <!-- Matomo --> <!-- End Matomo Code --> <title>Robust Face Recognition using AAM and Gabor Features</title> <meta name="description" content="Robust Face Recognition using AAM and Gabor Features"> <meta name="keywords" content="Face Recognition, AAM, Gabor features, EBGM."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="citation_title" content="Robust Face Recognition using AAM and Gabor Features"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Sanghoon Kim"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Sun-Tae Chung"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Souhwan Jung"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Seoungseon Jeon"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Jaemin Kim"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Seongwon Cho"> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2007/09/29"> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="International Journal of Computer and Information Engineering"> <meta name="citation_volume" content="1"> <meta name="citation_issue" content="9"> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="2699"> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="2703"> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://publications.waset.org/3583/pdf"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value=""> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 33093</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mt-3 mb-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem">Robust Face Recognition using AAM and Gabor Features</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sanghoon%20Kim">Sanghoon Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sun-Tae%20Chung"> Sun-Tae Chung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Souhwan%20Jung"> Souhwan Jung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Seoungseon%20Jeon"> Seoungseon Jeon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jaemin%20Kim"> Jaemin Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Seongwon%20Cho"> Seongwon Cho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose a face recognition algorithm using AAM and Gabor features. Gabor feature vectors which are well known to be robust with respect to small variations of shape, scaling, rotation, distortion, illumination and poses in images are popularly employed for feature vectors for many object detection and recognition algorithms. EBGM, which is prominent among face recognition algorithms employing Gabor feature vectors, requires localization of facial feature points where Gabor feature vectors are extracted. However, localization method employed in EBGM is based on Gabor jet similarity and is sensitive to initial values. Wrong localization of facial feature points affects face recognition rate. AAM is known to be successfully applied to localization of facial feature points. In this paper, we devise a facial feature point localization method which first roughly estimate facial feature points using AAM and refine facial feature points using Gabor jet similarity-based facial feature localization method with initial points set by the rough facial feature points obtained from AAM, and propose a face recognition algorithm using the devised localization method for facial feature localization and Gabor feature vectors. It is observed through experiments that such a cascaded localization method based on both AAM and Gabor jet similarity is more robust than the localization method based on only Gabor jet similarity. Also, it is shown that the proposed face recognition algorithm using this devised localization method and Gabor feature vectors performs better than the conventional face recognition algorithm using Gabor jet similarity-based localization method and Gabor feature vectors like EBGM. <iframe src="https://publications.waset.org/3583.pdf" style="width:100%; height:400px;" frameborder="0"></iframe> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Face%20Recognition" title="Face Recognition">Face Recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=AAM" title=" AAM"> AAM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gabor%20features" title=" Gabor features"> Gabor features</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=EBGM." title=" EBGM."> EBGM.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Digital Object Identifier (DOI):</strong> <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1330579" target="_blank">doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1330579</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3583/robust-face-recognition-using-aam-and-gabor-features" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3583/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3583/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3583/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3583/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3583/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3583/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3583/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3583/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3583/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3583/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3583.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2206</span> </span> <p class="card-text"><strong>References:</strong></p> <br>[1] L. O'Gorman, "Comparing passwords, tokens, and biometrics for user authentication," Proceedings of the IEEE Volume 91, Issue 12, Dec 2003 Page(s):2021 - 2040 <br>[2] W. Zhao, R. Chellappa, J. Phillips, and A. Rosenfeld, "Face Recognition: A Literature Survey," ACM Computing Surveys, pp. 399-458, 2003. <br>[3] S.Z. Li and A. K. Jain, Handbook of Face Recognition, Springer, 2004. <br>[4] Y. Adini, Y. Moses, and S. Ullman, "Face Recognition: The problem of compensating for changes in illumination direction," IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 721-732, July 1997. <br>[5] M. Turk and A. Pentland, "Face Recognition using Eigenfaces," Proceedings of IEEE Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 586-590, Maui, Hawaii, Dec. 1991. <br>[6] V. Belhumeur, J. Hespanha, and D. Kriegman. "Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: Recognition using class specic linear projection," IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 19(7), pp. 711-720, July 1997. <br>[7] M.S. Bartlett, J.R. Movellan, T.J. Sejnowski, Face Recognition by Independent Component Analysis, IEEE Trans. on Neural Networks, Vol. 13, No. 6, pp. 1450-1464 , November 2002. <br>[8] P. S. Penev, Local feature analysis: A Statistical Theory for Information Representation and Transmission, Ph.D. Thesis, The Rockefeller University, 1998. <br>[9] A. L. Yuille, "Deformable Templates for Face Recognition," J. Cognitive Neurosci., vol. 3, no. 1, pp 59-70, 1991. <br>[10] L. Wiskott, J. M. Fellous, N. Kuiger, C. von der Malsburg, "Face Recognition by Elastic Bunch Graph Matching," Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions on Vol. 19, pp. 775 - 779, July 1997. <br>[11] David Bolme, Elastic Bunch Graph Matching, Masters Thesis, CSU Computer Science Department June 2003 <br>[12] T. F. Cootes, D. J. Edwards, and S. J. Taylor, "Active Appearance Models," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 681-685, Jun. 2001. <br>[13] M. B. Stegmann, B. K. Ersboll, R. Larsen, "FAME -- A Flexible Appearance Modelling Environment," IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, Vol. 22, Iss.10, pp. 1319 - 1331, Oct. 2003. <br>[14] V. Blanz and T. Vetter, "Face Recognition based on Fitting a 3D Morphable Model," IEEE Trans on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 25 (9), pp 1063-1074, 2003. <br>[15] J.-K. Kamarainen, V. Kyrki, H.Kalviainen, "Invariance Properties of Gabor filter-based features - overview and applications," Image Processing, IEEE Transactions on image processing, Vol. 15, Issue 5, pp.1088 - 1099, May 2006. <br>[16] P. Wang, M.B Green, Ji Qiang, J. Wayman., "Automatic Eye Detection and Its Validation," Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference, Vol. 3, pp. 164 - 172, June 2005. <br>[17] J. C. Gower, "Generalized Procrustes Analysis," Psychometrika, 40:33-51, 1975. <br>[18] D. T. Lee and B. J. Schachter, "Two Algorithms for Constructing a Delaunay Triangulation," Int. J. Computer Information Sci. 9, pp.219-242, 1980. <br>[19] Rainer Lienhart and Jochen Maydt, "An Extended Set of Haar-like Features for Rapid Object Detection," IEEE ICIP 2002, Vol. 1, pp. 900-903, Sep. 2002 <br>[20] T. Kawaguchi, D. Hidaka and M. Rizon, "Robust Extraction of Eyes from Face," 15th Int-l Conf. on Pattern Recognition, Vol. 1. pp. 1109 - 1114, Sept. 2000. <br>[21] AAM-API , http://www2.imm.dtu.dk/~aam/ </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>