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align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="../2_kings/12-21.htm" title="2 Kings 12:21">◄</a> 2 Kings 13:1 <a href="../2_kings/13-2.htm" title="2 Kings 13:2">►</a></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse">In the three and twentieth year of Joash the son of Ahaziah king of Judah Jehoahaz the son of Jehu began to reign over Israel in Samaria, <i>and reigned</i> seventeen years.</div><div id="jump">Jump to: <a href="/commentaries/barnes/2_kings/13.htm" title="Barnes' Notes">Barnes</a> • <a href="/commentaries/benson/2_kings/13.htm" title="Benson Commentary">Benson</a> • <a href="/commentaries/illustrator/2_kings/13.htm" title="Biblical Illustrator">BI</a> • <a href="/commentaries/cambridge/2_kings/13.htm" title="Cambridge Bible">Cambridge</a> • <a href="/commentaries/clarke/2_kings/13.htm" title="Clarke's Commentary">Clarke</a> • <a href="/commentaries/darby/2_kings/13.htm" title="Darby's Bible Synopsis">Darby</a> • <a href="/commentaries/ellicott/2_kings/13.htm" title="Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers">Ellicott</a> • <a href="/commentaries/expositors/2_kings/13.htm" title="Expositor's Bible">Expositor's</a> • <a href="/commentaries/edt/2_kings/13.htm" title="Expositor's Dictionary">Exp Dct</a> • <a href="/commentaries/gaebelein/2_kings/13.htm" title="Gaebelein's Annotated Bible">Gaebelein</a> • <a href="/commentaries/gsb/2_kings/13.htm" title="Geneva Study Bible">GSB</a> • <a href="/commentaries/gill/2_kings/13.htm" title="Gill's Bible Exposition">Gill</a> • <a href="/commentaries/gray/2_kings/13.htm" title="Gray's Concise">Gray</a> • <a href="/commentaries/guzik/2_kings/13.htm" title="Guzik Bible Commentary">Guzik</a> • <a href="/commentaries/haydock/2_kings/13.htm" title="Haydock Catholic Bible Commentary">Haydock</a> • <a href="/commentaries/hastings/1_kings/19-11.htm" title="Hastings Great 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href="/commentaries/sermon/2_kings/13.htm" title="Sermon Bible">Sermon</a> • <a href="/commentaries/sco/2_kings/13.htm" title="Scofield Reference Notes">SCO</a> • <a href="/commentaries/ttb/2_kings/13.htm" title="Through The Bible">TTB</a> • <a href="/commentaries/wes/2_kings/13.htm" title="Wesley's Notes">WES</a> • <a href="#tsk" title="Treasury of Scripture Knowledge">TSK</a></div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="comtype">EXPOSITORY (ENGLISH BIBLE)</div><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/2_kings/13.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>XIII.</span><p>(1-3) <span class= "bld">THE REIGN OF JEHOAHAZ.</span><p>(1) <span class= "bld">In the three and twentieth year of Joash.</span>—Josephus makes it the twenty-first year of Joash, but wrongly. According to <a href="/2_kings/12-1.htm" title="In the seventh year of Jehu Jehoash began to reign; and forty years reigned he in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Zibiah of Beersheba.">2Kings 12:1</a>, Joash succeeded in the seventh year of Jehu, and Jehu reigned twentyeight years (<a href="/2_kings/10-36.htm" title="And the time that Jehu reigned over Israel in Samaria was twenty and eight years.">2Kings 10:36</a>).<p><span class= "bld">Seventeen years.</span>—This agrees with <a href="/2_kings/14-1.htm" title="In the second year of Joash son of Jehoahaz king of Israel reigned Amaziah the son of Joash king of Judah.">2Kings 14:1</a>.<p>(2) <span class= "bld">And he did.</span>—See Notes on <a href="/2_kings/3-3.htm" title="Nevertheless he joined to the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, which made Israel to sin; he departed not therefrom.">2Kings 3:3</a>.<p>(3) <span class= "bld">He delivered them into the hand of Hazael.</span>—Comp. <a href="/2_kings/10-32.htm" title="In those days the LORD began to cut Israel short: and Hazael smote them in all the coasts of Israel;">2Kings 10:32</a>, <span class= "ital">seq</span>. The meaning is that Jehovah allowed Israel to be defeated in successive encounters with the Syrian forces, and to Suffer loss of territory, but not total subjugation. According to the Assyrian <span class= "ital">data</span>, Shalmaneser warred with Hazael in 842 B.C. , and again in 839 B.C. (See Notes on <a href="/2_kings/8-15.htm" title="And it came to pass on the morrow, that he took a thick cloth, and dipped it in water, and spread it on his face, so that he died: and Hazael reigned in his stead.">2Kings 8:15</a>; <a href="/2_kings/9-2.htm" title="And when you come thither, look out there Jehu the son of Jehoshaphat the son of Nimshi, and go in, and make him arise up from among his brothers, and carry him to an inner chamber;">2Kings 9:2</a>.)<p><span class= "bld">All their days.</span>—Rather, <span class= "ital">all the days, i.e.</span>, continually (<span class= "ital">not</span> all the days of Jehoahaz, nor of Hazael and Ben-hadad). The phrase is an indefinite designation of a long period of disaster.<p><a name="mhc" id="mhc"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/mhc/2_kings/13.htm">Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary</a></div>13:1-9 It was the ancient honour of Israel that they were a praying people. Jehoahaz, their king, in his distress, besought the Lord; applied himself for help, but not to the calves; what help could they give him? He sought the Lord. See how swift God is to show mercy; how ready to hear prayer; how willing to find a reason to be gracious; else he would not look so far back as the ancient covenant Israel had so often broken, and forfeited. Let this invite and engage us for ever to him; and encourage even those who have forsaken him, to return and repent; for there is forgiveness with him, that he may be feared. And if the Lord answer the mere cry of distress for temporal relief, much more will he regard the prayer of faith for spiritual blessings.<a name="bar" id="bar"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/barnes/2_kings/13.htm">Barnes' Notes on the Bible</a></div>In this chapter the history of the kingdom of Israel is traced through the two reigns of Jehoahaz and Jehoash. In <a href="http://biblehub.com/2_kings/14.htm">2 Kings 14</a> the history of Judah is resumed.<p>In the three and twentieth year - Rather, the "one and twentieth year." See <a href="/2_kings/13-10.htm">2 Kings 13:10</a>. <a name="jfb" id="jfb"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/jfb/2_kings/13.htm">Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary</a></div>CHAPTER 13<p>2Ki 13:1-7. Jehoahaz's Wicked Reign over Israel.<p>1-3. Jehoahaz … reigned seventeen years—Under his government, which pursued the policy of his predecessors regarding the support of the calf-worship, Israel's apostasy from the true God became greater and more confirmed than in the time of his father Jehu. The national chastisement, when it came, was consequently the more severe and the instruments employed by the Lord in scourging the revolted nation were Hazael and his son and general Ben-hadad, in resisting whose successive invasions the Israelitish army was sadly reduced and weakened. In the extremity of his distress, Jehoahaz besought the Lord, and was heard, not on his own account (Ps 66:18; Pr 1:28; 15:8), but that of the ancient covenant with the patriarchs (2Ki 13:23).Jehoahaz king of Israel followeth the sin of Jeroboam; is oppressed by Hazael; and relieved by prayer, <span class="bldvs"> <a href="/context/2_kings/13-1.htm" title="In the three and twentieth year of Joash the son of Ahaziah king of Judah Jehoahaz the son of Jehu began to reign over Israel in Samaria, and reigned seventeen years....">2 Kings 13:1-9</a></span>. Joash his son suceedeth him in the kingdom, and in his idolatry, <span class="bldvs"> <a href="/context/2_kings/13-10.htm" title="In the thirty and seventh year of Joash king of Judah began Jehoash the son of Jehoahaz to reign over Israel in Samaria, and reigned sixteen years....">2 Kings 13:10-13</a></span>. Elisha prophesieth to Joash three victories over the Syrians, and dieth: Joash’s lamentation, <span class="bldvs"> <a href="/context/2_kings/13-14.htm" title="Now Elisha was fallen sick of his sickness whereof he died. And Joash the king of Israel came down to him, and wept over his face, and said, O my father, my father, the chariot of Israel, and the horsemen thereof....">2 Kings 13:14-19</a></span>. A year after the Moabites invading the land, a dead man being cast into Elisha’s sepulchre, is restored to life, <span class="bldvs"> <a href="/2_kings/13-20.htm" title="And Elisha died, and they buried him. And the bands of the Moabites invaded the land at the coming in of the year.">2 Kings 13:20</a>,21</span>. Hazael dieth, and Joash recovereth the cities which had been taken from his father, <span class="bldvs"> <a href="/context/2_kings/13-22.htm" title="But Hazael king of Syria oppressed Israel all the days of Jehoahaz....">2 Kings 13:22-25</a></span>. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span> <span class="bld">Began to reign, </span> Heb. <span class="ital">reigned</span>; which is put for <span class="ital">began to reign</span>, <span class="bldvs"> <a href="/2_kings/3-1.htm" title="Now Jehoram the son of Ahab began to reign over Israel in Samaria the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and reigned twelve years.">2 Kings 3:1</a> 8:16,25 12:1</span>. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="gil" id="gil"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/gill/2_kings/13.htm">Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible</a></div>In the twenty and third year of Joash the son of Ahaziah king of Judah,.... The same year he was so zealous and busy in repairing the temple, <a href="http://biblehub.com/2_kings/12-6.htm">2 Kings 12:6</a>, <p>Jehoahaz the son of Jehu began to reign over Israel in Samaria; whereas Joash began to reign in the seventh year of Jehu, and Jehu reigned but twenty eight years, <a href="http://biblehub.com/2_kings/10-36.htm">2 Kings 10:36</a>, and <a href="http://biblehub.com/2_kings/12-1.htm">2 Kings 12:1</a>, this could be but the twenty first of Joash; to reconcile which it must be observed, that it was at the beginning of the seventh year of Jehu that Joash began to reign, and at the beginning of the twenty third of Joash that Jehoahaz began to reign, as the Jewish commentators observe: <p>and reigned seventeen years; the two last of which were in common with his son, as Junius, see <a name="gsb" id="gsb"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/gsb/2_kings/13.htm">Geneva Study Bible</a></div><span class="cverse2">In the three and twentieth year of Joash the son of Ahaziah king of Judah Jehoahaz the son of Jehu began to reign over Israel in Samaria, and reigned seventeen years.</span></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><div class="comtype">EXEGETICAL (ORIGINAL LANGUAGES)</div><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/cambridge/2_kings/13.htm">Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges</a></div>Ch. <a href="/context/2_kings/13-1.htm" title="In the three and twentieth year of Joash the son of Ahaziah king of Judah Jehoahaz the son of Jehu began to reign over Israel in Samaria, and reigned seventeen years....">2 Kings 13:1-9</a>. Reign of Jehoahaz, son of Jehu, over Israel (Not in Chronicles)<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="bld">1</span>. <span class="ital">In the three-and-twentieth year of Joash … king of Judah, Jehoahaz</span> … began <span class="ital">to reign</span>] The chronology here seems inconsistent with verse 10. Jehoahaz’s seventeen years, according to the statement before us, would go on to the <span class="ital">fortieth</span> year of Joash king of Judah, whereas the successor of Jehoahaz is stated in verse 10 to have begun his reign in the <span class="ital">thirty-seventh</span> year of Joash. It is possible that seventeen years, according to Jewish reckoning, may really have been very little more than fifteen. Still that does not bring the dates into accord. Where the mistake may be is not easy to discover. The LXX. represents the same numbers, which it is clear cannot all be correct, though the error is not large. See Chronological Table in the Introduction.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="ital">Jehoahaz the son of Jehu</span>] The first of the four generations for which God promised that the line of Jehu should continue.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="pul" id="pul"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/2_kings/13.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 1.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">In the three and twentieth year of Joash</span>; rather, as in Josephus ('Ant. Jud.,' 9:8. § 5), <span class="accented">in the one and twentieth year</span>. This is a correction required by ver. 10 and also by <a href="/2_kings/12-1.htm">2 Kings 12:1</a>. The proof is given at somewhat tedious length by Keil ('Biblical Commentary,' pp. 373, 374) and Bahr ('Books of the Kings,' pp. 139, 140). It seems unnecessary to enter into a lengthy discussion of the point, since all the synchronisms of the later kings of Israel and Judah are in confusion, and appear to be the work of a later hand. <span class="cmt_word">The son of Ahaziah</span> (comp. <a href="/2_kings/11-2.htm">2 Kings 11:2</a>; <a href="/2_chronicles/22-11.htm">2 Chronicles 22:11</a>) <span class="cmt_word">King of Judah, Jehoahaz the son of Jehu began to reign over Israel</span>; literally, <span class="accented">reigned over Israel</span>. The "later hand," which inserted the synchronism, neglected to bring the two portions of the verse into agreement. Our translators have sought to cover up his omission by translating <span class="accented">malak</span> "began to <span class="accented">reign</span>," and then supplying "and reigned" in the next clause. And reigned <span class="cmt_word">seventeen years</span> (so also Josephus, <span class="accented">l.s.c.</span>). 2 Kings 13:1<a name="kad" id="kad"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/kad/2_kings/13.htm">Keil and Delitzsch Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament</a></div>Reign of Jehoahaz. - Jehu was followed by Jehoahaz his son, "in the twenty-third year of Joash of Judah." This synchronistic statement is not only at variance with <a href="http://biblehub.com/2_kings/13-10.htm">2 Kings 13:10</a>, but cannot be very well reconciled with <a href="/2_kings/12-1.htm">2 Kings 12:1</a>. If Jehoahaz began to reign in the twenty-third year of Joash king of Judah, and reigned seventeen years, his son cannot have followed him after his death in the thirty-seventh year of Joash of Judah, as is stated in <a href="http://biblehub.com/2_kings/13-10.htm">2 Kings 13:10</a>, for there are only fourteen years and possibly a few months between the twenty-third and thirty-seventh years of Joash; and even if he ascended the throne at the commencement of the twenty-third year of the reign of Joash and died at the end of the thirty-seventh, they could only be reckoned as fifteen and not as seventeen years. Moreover, according to <a href="http://biblehub.com/2_kings/12-1.htm">2 Kings 12:1</a>, Joash of Judah began to reign in the seventh year of Jehu, and therefore Athaliah, who ascended the throne at the same time as Jehu, reigned fully six years. If, therefore, the first year of Joash of Judah coincides with the seventh year of Jehu, the twenty-eighth year of Jehu must correspond to the twenty-second year of Joash of Judah; and in this year of Joash not only did Jehu die, but his son Jehoahaz ascended the throne. Consequently we must substitute the twenty-second year of Joash, or perhaps, still more correctly, the twenty-first year (Josephus), for the twenty-third.<p>(Note: On the other hand, Thenius, who follows des Vignoles and Winer, not only defends the correctness of the account "in the twenty-third year of Joash," because it agrees with the twenty-eight years' reign of Jehu (<a href="/2_kings/10-36.htm">2 Kings 10:36</a>), but also holds fast the seventeen years' duration of the reign of Jehoahaz on account of its agreement with <a href="/2_kings/14-1.htm">2 Kings 14:1</a>; for 6 years (Athaliah) + 40 years (Joash) equals 46 years, and 28 years (Jehu) + 17 years (Jehoahaz) equals 45 years; so that, as is there affirmed, Amaziah the son of Joash ascended the throne in the second year of Joash the son of Jehoahaz. But to arrive at this result he assumes that there is an error in <a href="http://biblehub.com/2_kings/13-10.htm">2 Kings 13:10</a>, namely, that instead of the thirty-seventh year we ought to read the thirty-ninth year there, according to the edit. Aldina of the lxx. But apart from the fact that, as we have shown above in the text, the datum "in the twenty-third year of Joash" does not harmonize with the twenty-eight years' reign of Jehu, this solution of the difference is overthrown by the circumstance that, in order to obtain this agreement between <a href="/2_kings/13-1.htm">2 Kings 13:1</a> and <a href="http://biblehub.com/2_kings/13-14.htm">2 Kings 13:14</a>, Thenius reckons the years of the reigns not only of Athaliah and Joash, but also of Jehu and Jehoahaz, as full years (the former 16 + 40, the latter 28 + 17); whereas, in order to bring the datum in <a href="/2_kings/13-1.htm">2 Kings 13:1</a> (in the twenty-third year of Joash) into harmony with the emendation proposed in <a href="/2_kings/13-10.htm">2 Kings 13:10</a> (in the thirty-ninth year of Joash), he reckons the length of the reign of Jehoahaz as only sixteen years (instead of seventeen). For example, if Jehoahaz reigned seventeen years, supposing that he ascended the throne in the twenty-third year of Joash of Judah, he died in the fortieth year of Joash (not the thirty-ninth), and his son began to reign the same year. In that case Amaziah would have begun to reign in the first year of Jehoash of Israel, and not in the second, as is stated in <a href="/2_kings/14-1.htm">2 Kings 14:1</a>. - The reading of the lxx (ed. Ald. v. 10), "in the thirty-ninth year," is therefore nothing but a mistaken emendation resorted to for the purpose of removing a discrepancy, but of no critical value.)<p>If Jehu died in the earliest months of the twenty-eighth year of his reign, so that he only reigned twenty-seven years and one or two months, his death and his son's ascent of the throne might fall even in the closing months of the twenty-first year of the reign of Joash of Judah. And from the twenty-first to the thirty-seventh year of Joash, Jehoahaz may have reigned sixteen years and a few months, and his reign be described as lasting seventeen years.<div class="vheading2">Links</div><a href="/interlinear/2_kings/13-1.htm">2 Kings 13:1 Interlinear</a><br /><a href="/texts/2_kings/13-1.htm">2 Kings 13:1 Parallel Texts</a><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/niv/2_kings/13-1.htm">2 Kings 13:1 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/2_kings/13-1.htm">2 Kings 13:1 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/2_kings/13-1.htm">2 Kings 13:1 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/2_kings/13-1.htm">2 Kings 13:1 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/2_kings/13-1.htm">2 Kings 13:1 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="http://bibleapps.com/2_kings/13-1.htm">2 Kings 13:1 Bible Apps</a><br /><a href="/2_kings/13-1.htm">2 Kings 13:1 Parallel</a><br /><a href="http://bibliaparalela.com/2_kings/13-1.htm">2 Kings 13:1 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="http://holybible.com.cn/2_kings/13-1.htm">2 Kings 13:1 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="http://saintebible.com/2_kings/13-1.htm">2 Kings 13:1 French Bible</a><br /><a href="http://bibeltext.com/2_kings/13-1.htm">2 Kings 13:1 German Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/">Bible Hub</a><br /></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td align="center"><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script><br /><br /> </div> <div id="left"><a href="../2_kings/12-21.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="2 Kings 12:21"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="2 Kings 12:21" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="../2_kings/13-2.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="2 Kings 13:2"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="2 Kings 13:2" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div> <div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>