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class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparença</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca" class=""><span>Donatius</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" 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href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Fundació_del_regne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fundació_del_regne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Fundació del regne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fundació_del_regne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Monarquia_arriana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monarquia_arriana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Monarquia arriana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monarquia_arriana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Monarquia_catòlica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monarquia_catòlica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Monarquia catòlica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monarquia_catòlica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enllaços_externs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enllaços_externs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Enllaços externs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enllaços_externs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Regne Longobard</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 37 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="مملكة لومبارديا - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مملكة لومبارديا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinu_lombardu" title="Reinu lombardu - asturià" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Reinu lombardu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Лангобардско кралство - búlgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Лангобардско кралство" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langobardsk%C3%A9_kr%C3%A1lovstv%C3%AD" title="Langobardské království - txec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Langobardské království" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langobardenreich" title="Langobardenreich - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Langobardenreich" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%9B%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B4%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Βασίλειο των Λομβαρδών - grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βασίλειο των Λομβαρδών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Lombards" title="Kingdom of the Lombards - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kingdom of the Lombards" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_de_Longobardoj" title="Regno de Longobardoj - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Regno de Longobardoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_lombardo" title="Reino lombardo - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Reino lombardo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langobardide_kuningriik" title="Langobardide kuningriik - estonià" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Langobardide kuningriik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lombardiarren_Erresuma" title="Lombardiarren Erresuma - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lombardiarren Erresuma" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C_%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%A7" title="پادشاهی لمباردها - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پادشاهی لمباردها" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royaume_lombard" title="Royaume lombard - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Royaume lombard" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_longobardo" title="Reino longobardo - gallec" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Reino longobardo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9D" title="ממלכת הלומברדים - hebreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ממלכת הלומברדים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%B8%D5%A2%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Լանգոբարդական թագավորություն - armeni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լանգոբարդական թագավորություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerajaan_Langobardi" title="Kerajaan Langobardi - indonesi" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kerajaan Langobardi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="article de qualitat"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_longobardo" title="Regno longobardo - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Regno longobardo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B4%E3%83%90%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="ランゴバルド王国 - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ランゴバルド王国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%9E%91%EA%B3%A0%EB%B0%94%EB%A5%B4%EB%93%9C_%EC%99%95%EA%B5%AD" title="랑고바르드 왕국 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="랑고바르드 왕국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regn_dei_Lombards" title="Regn dei Lombards - llombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Regn dei Lombards" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="llombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langobard%C5%B3_karalyst%C4%97" title="Langobardų karalystė - lituà" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Langobardų karalystė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longobardische_Rijk" title="Longobardische Rijk - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Longobardische Rijk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_langobardiske_kongerike" title="Det langobardiske kongerike - noruec bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Det langobardiske kongerike" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruec bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reiaume_Lombard" title="Reiaume Lombard - occità" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Reiaume Lombard" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occità" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%B3lestwo_Longobard%C3%B3w" title="Królestwo Longobardów - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Królestwo Longobardów" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_Lombardo" title="Reino Lombardo - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Reino Lombardo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regatul_Longobard" title="Regatul Longobard - romanès" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Regatul Longobard" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Лангобардское королевство - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лангобардское королевство" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lombardiska_kungariket" title="Lombardiska kungariket - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Lombardiska kungariket" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94" title="ราชอาณาจักรแห่งชนลอมบาร์ด - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ราชอาณาจักรแห่งชนลอมบาร์ด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lombardlar_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Lombardlar Krallığı - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Lombardlar Krallığı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Лангобардське королівство - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лангобардське королівство" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%AA_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="مملکت لومبارد - urdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مملکت لومبارد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Lombardia" title="Vương quốc Lombardia - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vương quốc Lombardia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E5%B7%B4%E5%BA%95%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="伦巴底王国 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伦巴底王国" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E5%B7%B4%E5%BA%95%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="倫巴底王國 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="倫巴底王國" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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</nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(S'ha redirigit des de: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regne_de_Llombardia&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Regne de Llombardia">Regne de Llombardia</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="font-size:90%;width:25em"><caption style="font-weight:bold;background-color:#d9b38c;"><i><b>Regne dels Longobards</b></i><br /> <b><i>Regnum Langobardorum</i><br /><i>Regnum totius Italiae</i></b></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;"> <table width="275" style="text-align:center; margin:0 auto; background:none;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="90px" style="border:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Imperi_Rom%C3%A0_d%27Orient" title="Imperi Romà d'Orient">←</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Imperi_Rom%C3%A0_d%27Orient" title="Imperi Romà d'Orient"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Simple_Labarum.svg/30px-Simple_Labarum.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Simple_Labarum.svg/45px-Simple_Labarum.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Simple_Labarum.svg/60px-Simple_Labarum.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="127" data-file-height="178" /></a></span><br /> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; font-size:105%;"><b><a href="/wiki/568" title="568">568</a> – <a href="/wiki/774" title="774">774</a></b> </td> <td width="90px" style="border:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Regne_d%27It%C3%A0lia_(Sacre_Imperi_Romanogerm%C3%A0nic)" title="Regne d'Itàlia (Sacre Imperi Romanogermànic)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Corona_ferrea.png/30px-Corona_ferrea.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Corona_ferrea.png/45px-Corona_ferrea.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Corona_ferrea.png/60px-Corona_ferrea.png 2x" data-file-width="1772" data-file-height="1227" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Regne_d%27It%C3%A0lia_(Sacre_Imperi_Romanogerm%C3%A0nic)" title="Regne d'Itàlia (Sacre Imperi Romanogermànic)">→</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ducat_i_Principat_de_Benevent" title="Ducat i Principat de Benevent"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Corona_ferrea.png/30px-Corona_ferrea.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Corona_ferrea.png/45px-Corona_ferrea.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Corona_ferrea.png/60px-Corona_ferrea.png 2x" data-file-width="1772" data-file-height="1227" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ducat_i_Principat_de_Benevent" title="Ducat i Principat de Benevent">→</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ducat_de_Spoleto" title="Ducat de Spoleto"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Corona_ferrea.png/30px-Corona_ferrea.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Corona_ferrea.png/45px-Corona_ferrea.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Corona_ferrea.png/60px-Corona_ferrea.png 2x" data-file-width="1772" data-file-height="1227" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ducat_de_Spoleto" title="Ducat de Spoleto">→</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Estats_Pontificis" title="Estats Pontificis"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_the_Papal_States_%28pre_1808%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Papal_States_%28pre_1808%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_the_Papal_States_%28pre_1808%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Papal_States_%28pre_1808%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_the_Papal_States_%28pre_1808%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Papal_States_%28pre_1808%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Estats_Pontificis" title="Estats Pontificis">→</a><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;"> <table width="275" style="text-align:center; margin:0 auto; background:none;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="90px" style="border:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; font-size:105%;"> </td> <td width="90px" style="border:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;"><p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Corona_ferrea.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Escut de Regne d'Itàlia"><img alt="Escut de Regne d'Itàlia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Corona_ferrea.png/100px-Corona_ferrea.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Corona_ferrea.png/150px-Corona_ferrea.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Corona_ferrea.png/200px-Corona_ferrea.png 2x" data-file-width="1772" data-file-height="1227" /></a></span> </p><p> Escut</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Aistulf%27s_Italy-en.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ubicació de Regne d'Itàlia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Aistulf%27s_Italy-en.png/265px-Aistulf%27s_Italy-en.png" decoding="async" width="265" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Aistulf%27s_Italy-en.png/398px-Aistulf%27s_Italy-en.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Aistulf%27s_Italy-en.png 2x" data-file-width="531" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><small>El regne longobard (<i>blau</i>) en el moment de la seva màxima extensió, sota <a href="/wiki/Aistulf_de_Fri%C3%BCl" class="mw-redirect" title="Aistulf de Friül">Aistulf</a></small></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:#d9b38c;">Informació</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background-color:#eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Capital" title="Capital">Capital</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Pavia" title="Pavia">Pavia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monza_(ciutat_d%27It%C3%A0lia)" title="Monza (ciutat d'Itàlia)">Monza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mil%C3%A0" title="Milà">Milà</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background-color:#eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Llengua_oficial" title="Llengua oficial">Idioma oficial</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Llat%C3%AD_vulgar" title="Llatí vulgar">llatí vulgar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Longobard" class="mw-redirect" title="Longobard">longobard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Llengua_vulgar" title="Llengua vulgar">italià vulgar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background-color:#eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Religi%C3%B3" title="Religió">Religió</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Paganisme" title="Paganisme">Paganisme</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Cristianisme" title="Cristianisme">Cristianisme</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arrianisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Arrianisme">Arrianisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catolicisme" title="Catolicisme">Catolicisme</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background-color:#eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Moneda" title="Moneda">Moneda</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:top;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tremissis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tremissis (encara no existeix)">Tremissis</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:#d9b38c;">Període històric<br /><a href="/wiki/Alta_edat_mitjana" title="Alta edat mitjana">Alta edat mitjana</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background-color:#eeeeee;">Migració <a href="/wiki/Longobards" title="Longobards">longobarda</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/568" title="568">568</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background-color:#eeeeee;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Setge_de_Pavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Setge de Pavia (encara no existeix)">Invasió franca</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Juny" title="Juny">juny</a> de <a href="/wiki/774" title="774">774</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;border:1px solid #d9b38c;"><a href="/wiki/Pol%C3%ADtica" title="Política">Política</a></th></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background-color:#eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Forma_de_govern" title="Forma de govern">Forma de govern</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Monarquia" title="Monarquia">Monarquia</a> electiva</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #d9b38c;"><i>Rex Langobardorum<br />Rex totius Italiae</i></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"> • 565-572:</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Albo%C3%AD" title="Alboí">Alboí</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Desideri_d%27%C3%8Dstria" title="Desideri d'Ístria">Desideri</a> <small>(darrer)</small></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>El <b>Regne Longobard</b> — <i>Regno longobardo</i> o <i>Regno dei Longobardi</i> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33711417">.mw-parser-output .languageicon{font-size:0.95em;color:#555;background-color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .languageicon{background-color:inherit;color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .languageicon{background-color:inherit;color:white}}</style><span class="languageicon" title="En italià">(italià)</span> <i>Regnum Langobardorum</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33711417"><span class="languageicon" title="En llatí">(llatí)</span>, <i>Langbardland</i> en <a href="/wiki/Antic_germ%C3%A0nic" class="mw-redirect" title="Antic germànic">antic germànic</a>) va ser l'entitat estatal constituïda a la <a href="/wiki/Pen%C3%ADnsula_It%C3%A0lica" title="Península Itàlica">península Itàlica</a> pels <a href="/wiki/Longobards" title="Longobards">longobards</a> entre els anys <a href="/wiki/568" title="568">568</a>-<a href="/wiki/569" title="569">569</a> (invasió d'Itàlia) i el <a href="/wiki/774" title="774">774</a> (caiguda del regne i entrada dels <a href="/wiki/Francs" title="Francs">francs</a> de <a href="/wiki/Carlemany" title="Carlemany">Carlemany</a>). va envair la capital a <a href="/wiki/Pavia" title="Pavia">Pavia</a>. El control efectiu dels sobirans de les dues grans zones que constituïen el regne, la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Langobardia_Maior&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Langobardia Maior (encara no existeix)">Langobardia Maior</a> al centre-nord (al seu torn repartida en una àrea occidental, o <a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%A8ustria_(longobards)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nèustria (longobards) (encara no existeix)">Nèustria</a>, i una oriental, o <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%80ustria_(longobards)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Àustria (longobards) (encara no existeix)">Àustria</a>) i la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Langobardia_Minor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Langobardia Minor (encara no existeix)">Langobardia Minor</a> al centre-sud, no va ser constant al llarg del curs dels dos segles de durada del regne. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fundació_del_regne"><span id="Fundaci.C3.B3_del_regne"></span>Fundació del regne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regne_Longobard&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Fundació del regne"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Corona_ferrea.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Corona_ferrea.png/220px-Corona_ferrea.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Corona_ferrea.png/330px-Corona_ferrea.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Corona_ferrea.png/440px-Corona_ferrea.png 2x" data-file-width="1772" data-file-height="1227" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Corona_f%C3%A8rria" class="mw-redirect" title="Corona fèrria">Corona fèrria</a> </figcaption></figure> <p>La irrupció dels longobards posà fi a l'efímera reconquesta romana de <a href="/wiki/Justini%C3%A0_I" title="Justinià I">Justinià I</a> i per primera vegada des de l'època romana trenca la unitat política de la <a href="/wiki/Pen%C3%ADnsula_italiana" class="mw-redirect" title="Península italiana">península italiana</a> que es va trobar dividida entre longobards i romans d'Orient. </p><p>Els nou vinguts es repartiren entre la Langobardia Maior (que dona el nom a l'actual regió de <a href="/wiki/Llombardia" title="Llombardia">Llombardia</a>) i la Langobardia Minor (els ducats de <a href="/wiki/Ducat_de_Spoleto" title="Ducat de Spoleto">Spoleto</a> i <a href="/wiki/Ducat_de_Benevento" class="mw-redirect" title="Ducat de Benevento">Benevento</a>), mentre el territori sota control romà eren anomenats «Romània» (d'on prové el nom de l'actual regió de <a href="/wiki/Romagna" class="mw-redirect" title="Romagna">Romagna</a>) i tenien com eix l'<a href="/wiki/Exarcat_de_Ravenna" title="Exarcat de Ravenna">Exarcat de Ravenna</a>. </p><p>El <a href="/wiki/572" title="572">572</a>, després de la capitulació de <a href="/wiki/Pavia" title="Pavia">Pavia</a> i la seva conversió en capital del regne,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the main residence for the Lombard rulers.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Alboino" class="mw-redirect" title="Alboino">Alboino</a> va caure víctima d'una conspiració organitzada a <a href="/wiki/Verona" title="Verona">Verona</a> per la seva esposa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosmunda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rosmunda (encara no existeix)">Rosmunda</a>. L'aristocràcia longobarda no va avalar el <a href="/wiki/Regicidi" title="Regicidi">regicidi</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Monarquia_arriana">Monarquia arriana</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regne_Longobard&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Monarquia arriana"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Langobard_Shield_Boss_7th_Century.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Langobard_Shield_Boss_7th_Century.jpg/220px-Langobard_Shield_Boss_7th_Century.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Langobard_Shield_Boss_7th_Century.jpg/330px-Langobard_Shield_Boss_7th_Century.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Langobard_Shield_Boss_7th_Century.jpg/440px-Langobard_Shield_Boss_7th_Century.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1804" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Escut llombard, segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">vii</span> </figcaption></figure> <p>El successor de Alboí, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clefi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clefi (encara no existeix)">Clefi</a>, també va ser assassinat. Després de la seva mort hi a haver el «<a href="/wiki/Govern_dels_Ducs" title="Govern dels Ducs">Govern dels Ducs</a>» (<a href="/wiki/574" title="574">574</a>-<a href="/wiki/584" title="584">584</a>), un període sense rei de violència i desordres. </p><p>El 584, amenaçats per una invasió franca, els ducs elegiren com a rei al fill de Clefi, <a href="/wiki/Autari" title="Autari">Autari</a>. El 589, es va casar amb <a href="/wiki/Teodolinda" title="Teodolinda">Teodolinda</a>, filla de <a href="/wiki/Garibald_I_de_Baviera" title="Garibald I de Baviera">Garibald I de Baviera</a>. </p><p>A la mort d'Autari li succeí <a href="/wiki/Agilulf" title="Agilulf">Agilulf</a>, duc de <a href="/wiki/Tor%C3%AD" title="Torí">Torí</a>, qui el 591, també es va casar amb <a href="/wiki/Teodolinda" title="Teodolinda">Teodolinda</a>, que abjurà de l'<a href="/wiki/Arrianisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Arrianisme">arrianisme</a> i es va convertir al <a href="/wiki/Catolicisme" title="Catolicisme">catolicisme</a>, cos que va generar una divisió entre els llombards. </p><p>A la mort del rei <a href="/wiki/Aripert_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Aripert I">Aripert I</a> el 661, el regne va quedar dividit entre els seus dos fills <a href="/wiki/Pertarit" class="mw-redirect" title="Pertarit">Pertarit</a>, que establí la capital a Milà i <a href="/wiki/Godepert" title="Godepert">Godepert</a>, que regnà des de <a href="/wiki/Pavia" title="Pavia">Pavia</a>. Pertarit va ser derrocat per <a href="/wiki/Grimoald_I_de_Benevent" title="Grimoald I de Benevent">Grimoald</a>, fill de Gisulf, duc de <a href="/wiki/Friuli" class="mw-redirect" title="Friuli">Friuli</a> i Benevent des de 647. Pertarito derrotà els francs. A la mort de Grimoald el 671 Pertarit tornà i va promoure la tolerància entre els arrians i els catòlics, però no va poder o derrotar els arrians liderats per Arachi, duc de <a href="/wiki/Trento" title="Trento">Trento</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Monarquia_catòlica"><span id="Monarquia_cat.C3.B2lica"></span>Monarquia catòlica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regne_Longobard&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Monarquia catòlica"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Per la lluita <a href="/wiki/Iconocl%C3%A0stia" title="Iconoclàstia">iconoclasta</a>, Liutprand aprofità l'oportunitat l'any 712, per apoderar-se de nombroses ciutats italianes sota el pretext d'ajudar al <a href="/wiki/Papa_Gregori_III" title="Papa Gregori III">papa Gregori III</a>. També ajudà a <a href="/wiki/Carles_Martell" title="Carles Martell">Carles Martell</a> a fer enrere els àrabs. El rei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aistolf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aistolf (encara no existeix)">Aistolf</a> es va negar a les pretensions del Papa i s'hi va enfrontar. L'exèrcit franc, aliat del Papa, assetjà Pavia i aconseguí que els llombards lliuressin <a href="/wiki/Narni" title="Narni">Narni</a>. A la mort d'Aistolf el <a href="/wiki/756" title="756">756</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rachis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rachis (encara no existeix)">Rachis</a> intentà ser el rei dels llombards, però va ser deposat el mateix any. </p><p>El darrer rei llombard va ser <a href="/wiki/Desideri_d%27%C3%8Dstria" title="Desideri d'Ístria">Desideri d'Ístria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ducat_de_T%C3%BAscia" title="Ducat de Túscia">duc de Toscana</a> que aconseguí prendre Ravenna definitivament, finalitzant d'aquesta manera a la presència de l'Imperi Romà d'Orient a l'Itàlia central. Desideri va decidir reobrir les lluites contra el papat, que estava donant suport als <a href="/wiki/Ducat_de_Spoleto" title="Ducat de Spoleto">ducs de Spoleto</a> i Benevent contra ell i entra a Roma l'any <a href="/wiki/772" title="772">772</a>. </p><p>Quan el papa <a href="/wiki/Adri%C3%A0_I" title="Adrià I">Adrià I</a> va demanar ajuda al poderós rei <a href="/wiki/Carlemany" title="Carlemany">Carlemany</a>, Desideri va ser derrotat i es va produir el setge de Pavia. Desideri es va rendir el 774 i Carlemany, assumí el títol de «rei dels llombards». Carlemany va prendre una part del territori llombard per tal de crear els <a href="/wiki/Estats_papals" class="mw-redirect" title="Estats papals">Estats papals</a>, ratificant així la <a href="/wiki/Donaci%C3%B3_de_Pip%C3%AD" title="Donació de Pipí">donació de Pipí</a> a favor de l'església catòlica. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regne_Longobard&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist {{#if: | references-column-count references-column-count-{{{col}}}" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFArnaldi2005"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Arnaldi</span>, Girolamo. <i>Italy and Its Invaders</i>.  Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 2005, p. 31.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Italy+and+Its+Invaders&rft.aulast=Arnaldi&rft.aufirst=Girolamo&rft.date=2005&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pages=31"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Christie</span>. <i>The Lombards</i>, p. 147.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Lombards&rft.aulast=Christie&rft.pages=147"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regne_Longobard&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la secció: Bibliografia"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Fredegari, <i>Pseudo-Fredegarii scholastici Chronicarum libri IV cum continuationibus</i> in <i><a href="/wiki/Monumenta_Germaniae_Historica" title="Monumenta Germaniae Historica">Monumenta Germaniae Historica</a></i> SS rer. Mer. II, Hannover <a href="/wiki/1888" title="1888">1888</a></li> <li>Gregorio di Tours, <i>Gregorii episcopi Turonensis Libri historiarum X (Historia Francorum)</i> in <i>Monumenta Germaniae Historica</i> SS rer. Mer. I 1, Hannover, 1951</li> <li>Leges Langobardorum (643-866)<i>, ed. F. Beyerle, Witzenhausen, 1962</i></li> <li>Mario di Avenches, <i>Chronica a. CCCCLV-DLXXXI</i>. ed. <a href="/wiki/Theodor_Mommsen" title="Theodor Mommsen">Theodor Mommsen</a> in <i>Monumenta Germaniae Historica</i> AA, XI, Berlino, 1894</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Origo_gentis_Langobardorum" title="Origo gentis Langobardorum">Origo gentis Langobardorum</a></i>, ed. G. Waitz in <i>Monumenta Germaniae Historica</i> SS rer. Lang.</li> <li>Paolo Diacono, <i>Historia Langobardorum</i> (<i>Storia dei Longobardi</i>, Lorenzo Valla/Mondadori, Milano, 1992)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enllaços_externs"><span id="Enlla.C3.A7os_externs"></span>Enllaços externs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regne_Longobard&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la secció: Enllaços externs"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33663753">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-center{clear:both;margin:auto}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">A <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A0gina_principal?uselang=ca">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kingdom_of_the_Lombards" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Kingdom of the Lombards">Regne Longobard</a></b></i></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ministero_per_i_Beni_e_le_attivit%C3%A0_culturali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ministero per i Beni e le attività culturali (encara no existeix)">Ministero per i Beni e le attività culturali</a>, <i>Italia Langobardorum. Centri di potere e di culto (568-774 dC)</i>, candidatura alla Lista dei patrimoni dell'umanità <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>, <span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beniculturali.it/pdf/2-LangobardorumSTORIA.pdf">La storia del Longobardi in Italia</a>».</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title="" style="white-space: nowrap;"><i>[<a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Enlla%C3%A7os_externs#Manteniment_d'enllaços_externs" title="Viquipèdia:Enllaços externs">Enllaç no actiu</a>]</i></span></sup></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Primers_Regnes_Alemanys_establerts_després_de_les_Invasions_bàrbares" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plantilla:Primers_Regnes_Alemanys" title="Plantilla:Primers Regnes Alemanys"><img alt="Vegeu aquesta plantilla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/18px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/27px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/36px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></li></ul></div><div id="Primers_Regnes_Alemanys_establerts_després_de_les_Invasions_bàrbares" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Primers Regnes Alemanys establerts després de les <a href="/wiki/Invasions_b%C3%A0rbares" title="Invasions bàrbares">Invasions bàrbares</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alam%C3%A0nia" title="Alamània">Regne d'Alamània</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaganat_%C3%A0var" title="Kaganat àvar">Kaganat àvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heptarquia_anglosaxona" title="Heptarquia anglosaxona">Heptarquia anglosaxona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ducat_de_Baviera" title="Ducat de Baviera">Ducat de Baviera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bro_Waroch" title="Bro Waroch">Bro Waroch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antiga_Gran_Bulg%C3%A0ria" title="Antiga Gran Bulgària">Antiga Gran Bulgària</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primer_Imperi_B%C3%BAlgar" title="Primer Imperi Búlgar">Primer Imperi Búlgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regne_dels_Burgundis" class="mw-redirect" title="Regne dels Burgundis">Regne dels Burgundis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A0ntabres" title="Càntabres">Càntabres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carant%C3%A0nia" title="Carantània">Principat de Carantània</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornualla_(Bretanya)" title="Cornualla (Bretanya)">Cornualla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domnonea" title="Domnonea">Domnonea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regne_Franc" title="Regne Franc">Regne Franc</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regne_Fris%C3%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regne Frisó (encara no existeix)">Regne Frisó</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A8pides" title="Gèpides">Regne dels Gèpides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hen_Ogledd" title="Hen Ogledd">Hen Ogledd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huns#La_confederació_d'Àtila" title="Huns">Imperi dels Huns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odoacre#Rei_d'Itàlia" title="Odoacre">Regne d'Itàlia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irlanda_Ga%C3%A8lica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Irlanda Gaèlica (encara no existeix)">Irlanda Gaèlica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh%C3%A0zars" title="Khàzars">Khàzars</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Regne Longobard</a></li> <li><a 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