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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Омӯзиш дар Тоҷикистон</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Омӯзиш_дар_Тоҷикистон-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ҳамчунин_нигаред" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ҳамчунин_нигаред"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ҳамчунин нигаред</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ҳамчунин_нигаред-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Эзоҳ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Эзоҳ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Эзоҳ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Эзоҳ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Адабиёт" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Адабиёт"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Адабиёт</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Адабиёт-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Пайвандҳо" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Пайвандҳо"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Пайвандҳо</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Пайвандҳо-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Сарчашма" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Сарчашма"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Сарчашма</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Сарчашма-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Муҳтавоҳо" 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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Колбадшиносӣ</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 167 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-167" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">167 забон</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomie" title="Anatomie – африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Anatomie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomie" title="Anatomie – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Anatomie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%A5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%8A%AB%E1%88%8D" title="ሥነ አካል – амҳарӣ" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሥነ አካል" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амҳарӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatom%C3%ADa" title="Anatomía – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Anatomía" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AD" title="تشريح – арабӣ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تشريح" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%9D%DC%98%DC%A0%DC%A6%DC%A2_%DC%A8%DC%AA%DC%98%DC%9D%DC%98%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AD" title="تشريح – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تشريح" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="শৰীৰস্থান – ассомӣ" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="শৰীৰস্থান" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ассомӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatom%C3%ADa" title="Anatomía – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Anatomía" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Анатомия – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Анатомия" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अंग रचना विज्ञान – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="अंग रचना विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomiya" title="Anatomiya – озарбойҷонӣ" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Anatomiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="озарбойҷонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C" title="آناتومی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آناتومی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Анатомия – бошқирдӣ" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Анатомия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="бошқирдӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatuom%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Anatuomėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Anatuomėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomiya" title="Anatomiya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Anatomiya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Анатомія – белорусӣ" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Анатомія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белорусӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Анатомія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Анатомія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Анатомия – булғорӣ" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Анатомия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="булғорӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अंग रचना बिज्ञान – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="अंग रचना बिज्ञान" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatumi" title="Anatumi – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Anatumi" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="শারীরস্থান – бинғолӣ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="শারীরস্থান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бинғолӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A4%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%85%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8D" title="གཤག་བཅོས་རིག་པ། – тибетӣ" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="གཤག་བཅོས་རིག་པ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="тибетӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korfadurezh" title="Korfadurezh – бретонӣ" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Korfadurezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomija" title="Anatomija – босниягӣ" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Anatomija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босниягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia – каталонӣ" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Anatomia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Анатоми – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Анатоми" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%DB%8E%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="توێکاری – курдии марказӣ" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="توێکاری" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="курдии марказӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomie" title="Anatomie – чехӣ" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Anatomie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чехӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Анатоми – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Анатоми" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomeg" title="Anatomeg – валлӣ" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Anatomeg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валлӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomi" title="Anatomi – даниягӣ" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Anatomi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="даниягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomie" title="Anatomie – немисӣ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Anatomie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немисӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomiye" title="Anatomiye – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Anatomiye" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ανατομία – юнонӣ" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ανατομία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="юнонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatom%C3%AE" title="Anatomî – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Anatomî" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="мақолаҳои хуб"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomy" title="Anatomy – Англисӣ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Anatomy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Англисӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomio" title="Anatomio – эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Anatomio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatom%C3%ADa" title="Anatomía – испанӣ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Anatomía" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испанӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoomia" title="Anatoomia – эстонӣ" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Anatoomia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia – баскӣ" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Anatomia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Anatomia" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="کالبدشناسی – форсӣ" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کالبدشناسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="форсӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia – финӣ" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Anatomia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoomia" title="Anatoomia – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Anatoomia" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veitiki" title="Veitiki – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Veitiki" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomie" title="Anatomie – франсузӣ" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Anatomie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="франсузӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Anatomia" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomie" title="Anatomie – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Anatomie" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomy" title="Anatomy – фризии ғарбӣ" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Anatomy" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="фризии ғарбӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatama%C3%ADocht" title="Anatamaíocht – ирландӣ" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Anatamaíocht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomi" title="Anatomi – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Anatomi" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C3%B2las-bodhaige" title="Eòlas-bodhaige – шотландии гэлӣ" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Eòlas-bodhaige" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="шотландии гэлӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatom%C3%ADa" title="Anatomía – галисиягӣ" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Anatomía" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисиягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teteysajakuaa" title="Teteysajakuaa – гуаранӣ" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Teteysajakuaa" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуаранӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomi" title="Anatomi – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Anatomi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomy" title="Anatomy – ҳауса" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Anatomy" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="ҳауса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%94" title="אנטומיה – ибронӣ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אנטומיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ибронӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="शारीरिकी – ҳиндӣ" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="शारीरिकी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ҳиндӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomy" title="Anatomy – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Anatomy" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomija" title="Anatomija – хорватӣ" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Anatomija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomi" title="Anatomi – гаитии креолӣ" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Anatomi" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="гаитии креолӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anat%C3%B3mia" title="Anatómia – маҷорӣ" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Anatómia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="маҷорӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Անատոմիա – арманӣ" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Անատոմիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="арманӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia – Байни забонӣ" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Anatomia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Байни забонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="мақолаҳои хуб"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomi" title="Anatomi – индонезӣ" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Anatomi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%B1uum_sulli%C3%B1i%C5%8Bich" title="Iñuum sulliñiŋich – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Iñuum sulliñiŋich" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Anatomia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Анатоми – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Анатоми" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomio" title="Anatomio – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Anatomio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADff%C3%A6rafr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Líffærafræði – исландӣ" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Líffærafræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia – италиявӣ" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Anatomia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италиявӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E5%89%96%E5%AD%A6" title="解剖学 – японӣ" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="解剖学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomi" title="Anatomi – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Anatomi" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomi" title="Anatomi – Ҷаванизӣ" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Anatomi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Ҷаванизӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ანატომია – гурҷӣ" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ანატომია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="гурҷӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomiya" title="Anatomiya – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Anatomiya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asemmili" title="Asemmili – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Asemmili" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Анатомия – қазоқӣ" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Анатомия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="қазоқӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9E%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ಅಂಗರಚನಾವಿಜ್ಞಾನ – каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಂಗರಚನಾವಿಜ್ಞಾನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EB%B6%80%ED%95%99" title="해부학 – кореягӣ" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="해부학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="кореягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%B9%D9%85%DB%8C" title="ایناٹمی – кашмирӣ" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ایناٹمی" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="кашмирӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatom%C3%AE" title="Anatomî – курдӣ" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Anatomî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korfonieth" title="Korfonieth – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Korfonieth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Анатомия – қирғизӣ" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Анатомия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="қирғизӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia – лотинӣ" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Anatomia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="лотинӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomie" title="Anatomie – люксембургӣ" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Anatomie" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Анатомия – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Анатомия" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Anatomia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomie" title="Anatomie – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Anatomie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Anatomia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%81" title="ສະວິພາກ – лаосӣ" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ສະວິພາກ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="лаосӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomija" title="Anatomija – литвонӣ" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Anatomija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литвонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomija" title="Anatomija – латишӣ" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Anatomija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латишӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Анатомиясь – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Анатомиясь" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hairafibatana" title="Hairafibatana – малагасӣ" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Hairafibatana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагасӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Анатомий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Анатомий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomi" title="Anatomi – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Anatomi" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Анатомија – мақдунӣ" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Анатомија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="мақдунӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ശരീരശാസ്ത്രം – малаяламӣ" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ശരീരശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаяламӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Анатоми – муғулӣ" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Анатоми" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="муғулӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="शरीररचनाशास्त्र – маратҳӣ" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="शरीररचनाशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратҳӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomi" title="Anatomi – малайӣ" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Anatomi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomija" title="Anatomija – малтӣ" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Anatomija" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="малтӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomie" title="Anatomie – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Anatomie" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%81%E1%80%94%E1%80%B9%E1%80%93%E1%80%AC%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92" title="ခန္ဓာဗေဒ – бирманӣ" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ခန္ဓာဗေဒ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирманӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomie" title="Anatomie – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Anatomie" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80" title="एनाटोमी – непалӣ" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="एनाटोमी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непалӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="म्हब्व – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="म्हब्व" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomie" title="Anatomie – голландӣ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Anatomie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="голландӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomi" title="Anatomi – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Anatomi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomi" title="Anatomi – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Anatomi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Anatomia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatonmie" title="Anatonmie – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Anatonmie" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia – окситанӣ" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Anatomia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситанӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaatoomii" title="Anaatoomii – оромо" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Anaatoomii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="оромо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Анатоми – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Анатоми" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8" title="ਅੰਗ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ – панҷобӣ" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅੰਗ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панҷобӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomy" title="Anatomy – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Anatomy" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enetomii" title="Enetomii – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Enetomii" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia – лаҳистонӣ" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Anatomia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="лаҳистонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%B9%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C" title="اناٹومی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اناٹومی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D9%89" title="اناتومى – пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اناتومى" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="мақолаҳои хуб"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia – португалӣ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Anatomia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurkumanta_yachay" title="Kurkumanta yachay – кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kurkumanta yachay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomie" title="Anatomie – руминӣ" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Anatomie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="руминӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomie" title="Anatomie – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Anatomie" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Анатомия – русӣ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Анатомия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="русӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Анатомія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Анатомія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Анатомия – саха" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Анатомия" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Anatomia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatum%C3%ACa" title="Anatumìa – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Anatumìa" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomy" title="Anatomy – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Anatomy" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B6%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AC%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AD_%D8%AC%D9%88_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85" title="عضون جي تشريح جو علم – синдӣ" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="عضون جي تشريح جو علم" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomija" title="Anatomija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Anatomija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%A0%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A1%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%BA" title="කායවිච්ඡේදවේදය – сингалӣ" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කායවිච්ඡේදවේදය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сингалӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomy" title="Anatomy – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Anatomy" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anat%C3%B3mia" title="Anatómia – словакӣ" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Anatómia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словакӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomija" title="Anatomija – словенӣ" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Anatomija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia – албанӣ" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Anatomia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Анатомија – сербӣ" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Анатомија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomie" title="Anatomie – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Anatomie" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomi" title="Anatomi – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Anatomi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomi" title="Anatomi – шведӣ" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Anatomi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Anatomia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="உடற்கூற்றியல் – тамилӣ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உடற்கூற்றியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B0_%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A3_%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81" title="శరీర నిర్మాణ శాస్త్రము – телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="శరీర నిర్మాణ శాస్త్రము" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="กายวิภาคศาสตร์ – тайӣ" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กายวิภาคศาสตร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomiya" title="Anatomiya – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Anatomiya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomi" title="Anatomi – туркӣ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Anatomi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="туркӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Анатомия – тоторӣ" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Анатомия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="тоторӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Анатомія – украинӣ" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Анатомія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B6%D8%A7" title="علم تشریح الاعضا – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="علم تشریح الاعضا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomiya" title="Anatomiya – ӯзбекӣ" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Anatomiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ӯзбекӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Anatomia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomii" title="Anatomii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Anatomii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="мақолаҳои хуб"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%E1%BA%A3i_ph%E1%BA%ABu_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Giải phẫu học – ветнамӣ" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Giải phẫu học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ветнамӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naatom" title="Naatom – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Naatom" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antomeye" title="Antomeye – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Antomeye" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomiya" title="Anatomiya – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Anatomiya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E5%89%96%E5%AD%B8" title="解剖學 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="解剖學" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ანატომია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ანატომია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A2" title="אנאטאמיע – идиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אנאטאמיע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Зоҳир</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">Пинҳон кардан</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Мавод аз Википедиа — донишномаи озод</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tg" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81:Lateral_head_anatomy_detail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Lateral_head_anatomy_detail.jpg/220px-Lateral_head_anatomy_detail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Lateral_head_anatomy_detail.jpg/330px-Lateral_head_anatomy_detail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Lateral_head_anatomy_detail.jpg/440px-Lateral_head_anatomy_detail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1205" data-file-height="1424" /></a><figcaption>Намунаи расми анатомӣ</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Кобадшиносӣ</b>, <b>анато́мия</b> (аз <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%8E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Забони юнонӣ">юн.</a> <span lang="el"><span style="font-family: palatino linotype, new athena unicode, athena, gentium, code2000, serif; font-size: 105%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0-&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ана- (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">ἀνα-</a></span></span> «аз сар; аз боло» + <span lang="el"><span style="font-family: palatino linotype, new athena unicode, athena, gentium, code2000, serif; font-size: 105%;">τέμνω</span></span> «мебурам, чок мекунам») — илмест дар бораи шакл ва сохти узвҳои алоҳида, система ва <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Организм">организми</a> том; як қисмати <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%C2%AD%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Морфология (биология) (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">морфология</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Анатомияи_одам"><span id=".D0.90.D0.BD.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.8F.D0.B8_.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.BC"></span>Анатомияи одам</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Вироиши қисмат: Анатомияи одам" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Анатомияи одам"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Анатомия ба анатомияи ҳайвонот ва анатомияи рустанӣ ҷудо мешавад. Бисёр вақт анатомия гуфта, анатомияи одамро дар назар доранд. Анатомияи одам аз ҷумлаи фанҳои асосии тибби назарӣ ва амалист. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Таърих"><span id=".D0.A2.D0.B0.D1.8A.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.85"></span>Таърих</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Вироиши қисмат: Таърих" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Таърих"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Маълумоти нахустин роҷеъ ба анатомияи одам дар асарҳои олимони қадим <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83" title="Арасту">Арасту</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D2%9B%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Буқрот">Буқрот</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%91%D0%B8_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B7%D3%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="Закариёи Розӣ">Закариёи Розӣ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="Абуалии Сино">Абуалии Сино</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%88%D0%B4" title="Ибни Рушд">Ибни Рушд</a> ва дигарон мавҷуданд. Равнақи натомия дар Шарқ бештар ба фаъолияти эҷодии Абуалии Сино вобаста аст. Асарҳои безаволи ӯ оид ба анатомияи одам солҳои зиёд сарчашмаи асосии маълумоти ин соҳа буданд. Дар «Қонуни тиб»-и Шайхурраис дар робита ба анатомияи одам мавзӯъҳои ҷолиб ҷой дода шудаанд. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Омӯзиш"><span id=".D0.9E.D0.BC.D3.AF.D0.B7.D0.B8.D1.88"></span>Омӯзиш</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Вироиши қисмат: Омӯзиш" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Омӯзиш"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Омӯзиши анатомияи организми одам аз тавсифи муттасилу дақиқи намуди берунӣ ва сохти дарунии узвҳо дар ҳолати мӯътадилӣ иборат аст. Барои осон гардондани омӯзиши сохти бадан узвҳоро мувофиқи сохт, амал ва инкишоф муттаҳид намуда, дар бораи онҳо маълумот медиҳанд (анатомияи таснифӣ). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Фаслҳои_анатомия"><span id=".D0.A4.D0.B0.D1.81.D0.BB.D2.B3.D0.BE.D0.B8_.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Фаслҳои анатомия</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Вироиши қисмат: Фаслҳои анатомия" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Фаслҳои анатомия"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Анатомия ба чунин фаслҳо тақсим мешавад: </p> <ul><li>остеология — таълимот оид ба устухонҳо;</li> <li>артросиндесмология — таълимот оид ба банди устухонҳо (аз он ҷумла оид ба буғумҳо ва пайвандҳо);</li> <li>миология — таълимот оид ба мушакҳо;</li> <li>спланхнология — таълимот оид ба узвҳои дарун (нафаскашӣ, ҳозима, ихроҷ, таносул);</li> <li>ангиология — таълимот оид ба системаи рагҳои хун ва лимфа;</li> <li>неврология — таълимот оид ба системаи асабҳои марказӣ ва канорӣ;</li> <li>эндокринология — таълимот оид ба ғадудҳои тарашшӯҳи дохилӣ;</li> <li>эстезиология — таълимот оид ба узвҳои эҳсос.</li></ul> <p>Он боби анатомияро, ки тағйироти шакл ва сохти узвҳоро роҷеъ ба ҳар гуна давраҳои ҳаёти одам меомӯзад, анатомияи синну сол меноманд (ба ин фасл анатомияи кӯдак ҳам дохил мешавад). </p><p>Анатомияи пластикӣ (тармимӣ) таълимот оид ба сохти берунии бадан ва таносубҳои он буда, аҳамияти калони амалӣ дорад. </p><p>Донистани ин фасли анатомия на фақат ба рассомон ва ҳайкалтарошон, балки ба ихтироъкорони либосу пойафзор низ лозим аст. Инчунин анатомияи топогрофӣ (таълимот оид ба ҷойгирии узвҳо, бофтаҳо, рагҳо ва асабҳо дар ин ё он қисми бадан) барои тибби амалӣ, хусусан барои ҷарроҳӣ аҳамияти калон дорад. Омӯхтани сохт ва шакли организм вобаста ба кори системаю узвҳои алоҳида вазифаи анатомияи функсионалӣ аст. Таълимот роҷеъ ба сохти хурдтарини узвҳою бофтаҳоро гистология меноманд. Анатомияи эътилолӣ (таълимот оид ба шакл ва сохти узвҳою бофтаҳои иллатнок) аз анатомия чун илми мустақил ҷудо шудааст. Анатомия усулҳои гуногуни тадқиқот (аз ташреҳи муқаррарӣ бо ёрии нештар ё пинсет то методи микроскопияи электронӣ, рентгенография ва ғайра)-ро истифода мебарад. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Омӯзиши_анатомия_дар_Тоҷикистон"><span id=".D0.9E.D0.BC.D3.AF.D0.B7.D0.B8.D1.88.D0.B8_.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.8F_.D0.B4.D0.B0.D1.80_.D0.A2.D0.BE.D2.B7.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B8.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.BD"></span>Омӯзиши анатомия дар Тоҷикистон</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Вироиши қисмат: Омӯзиши анатомия дар Тоҷикистон" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Омӯзиши анатомия дар Тоҷикистон"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Дар Тоҷикистон анатомия бо таъсиси кафедраи анатомияи ДДТТ ба номи Абуалӣ ибни Сино (1939) ташаккул ёфт. Феълан оид ба соҳаҳои мухталифи анатомия дар кафедраҳои анатомияи ДДТТ, ДМТ, ДДОТ, Донишгоҳи давлатии Хуҷанд, Донишкадаи тарбияи ҷисмонии Тоҷикистон ва ғ. пажӯҳиш анҷом медиҳанд. Олимони соҳа дар ҷумҳурӣ ба ҳалли проблемаҳои таъсири омилҳои гуногуни муҳит ба сохт ва шакли бофтаю узвҳои бадан ҳангоми бемориҳои аъзои ҳозима, ҷигар, дилу рагҳо, лимфа ва ғ. дар шароити кӯҳистон, хусусиятҳои маҷрои хуну лимфа дар мавриди ҷарроҳии тухмдон, бачадон, меъда, масона, пӯст, ҷигар, ғӯзаи чашм, шуш, шикампарда ва ғ. машғул мебошанд. Дар ривоҷи анатомия дар Тоҷикистон саҳми олимон Я. А. Раҳимов, А. Е. Этинген, Ф. А. Абдураҳмонов, М. У. Усмонов, М. Каримов, С. С. Қурбонов, М. М. Мамадқулова ва дигарон калон аст. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Анатомияи_муқоисавии_ҳайвонот"><span id=".D0.90.D0.BD.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.8F.D0.B8_.D0.BC.D1.83.D2.9B.D0.BE.D0.B8.D1.81.D0.B0.D0.B2.D0.B8.D0.B8_.D2.B3.D0.B0.D0.B9.D0.B2.D0.BE.D0.BD.D0.BE.D1.82"></span>Анатомияи муқоисавии ҳайвонот</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Вироиши қисмат: Анатомияи муқоисавии ҳайвонот" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Анатомияи муқоисавии ҳайвонот"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Анатомияи муқоисавии ҳайвонот, як фасли морфологияи ҳайвонот. Анатомияи муқоисавии ҳайвонот сохти бадан, узвҳо, шабоҳати морфологӣ ва пайдоиши ҳайвонотро омӯхта, вобаста ба вазифаашон сохти узвҳоро муқоиса мекунад, тарзи ба шароити сукунат мутобиқ шудан, пайдоиш ва таҳаввулоти онҳоро ошкор месозад. Анатомияи муқоисавии ҳайвонот ба узвшиносӣ, архитектоника ва морфологияи таҳаввулотӣ ҷудо мешавад. </p><p>Асосгузори анатомияи муқоисавии ҳайвонот Арасту мебошад. Доир ба анатомияи муқоисавии ҳайвонот то садаи XVIII фақат баъзе тадқиқот гузаронда шуда буданд (олимони италиявӣ Леонардо да Винчи, Ф. Реди, табиатшиносони франсавӣ Л. Добантон, П. Белон ва дигарон). Дар садаи XIX зоологи франсавӣ Ж. Кюве сохти баъзе ҳайвонотро муфассал омӯхта, натиҷаҳои оид ба сохти ҳайвоноти ҳозира ва ниҳоят қадим ба даст омадаро дар «Лексияҳо оид ба анатомияи муқоисавӣ» (ҷ. 1-5; 1800—1805) ном асараш ҷамъбаст кард. Дар инкишофи анатомияи муқоисавии ҳайвонот олими дигари франсавӣ Э. Жоффруа Сент-Илер низ саҳми назаррас гузоштааст. Ӯ оид ба ягона будани сохти ҳайвонот, ки зери таъсири муҳит тағйир ёфтааст, фикр ронда, таълимоти гомология (монандӣ)-и узвҳоро ба вуҷуд овард. Дар инкишофи минбаъдаи Аанатомияи муқоисавии ҳайвонот биологҳои франсавӣ П. Латрейл, М. Савини, А. Милн-Эдвардс, олимони немис И. Мюллер, И. Миккел, К. Карус, олими англис Р. Оуэн, биологҳои рус А. О. Ковалевский, И. И. Мечников, В. В. Заленский, К. Н. Давидов ва дигарон ҳиссаи калон гузоштанд. Шарҳи таърихӣ ё қиёсӣ-анатомии ташаккули ҷонварон, ошкор кардани пайдоиш ва роҳҳои таҳаввулоти гурӯҳҳои ҳайвонот, тартиб додани таснифоти табиии олами ҳайвонот ва муқаррар кардани қонуниятҳои морфологии таҳаввулот масъалаҳои асосии омӯзиши анатомияи муқоисавии ҳайвонот мебошанд. Анатомияи муқоисавии ҳайвонот аз комёбиҳои анатомия, эмбриология ва палеонтология фаровон истифода мебарад. Хусусан байни анатомияи муқоисавии ҳайвонот, филогения ва систематикаи ҳайвонот робитаи ногусустанӣ вуҷуд дорад; бисёр масъалаҳои онҳо умумист. </p><p>Оид ба анатомияи муқоисавии ҳайвонот дар Институти чорводории АИКТ, кафедраи чорводории ДАТ ва кафедраҳои зоологияи ДМТ ва ДДОТ пажӯҳишҳо анҷом медиҳанд. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Анатомияи_рустанӣ"><span id=".D0.90.D0.BD.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.8F.D0.B8_.D1.80.D1.83.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BD.D3.A3"></span>Анатомияи рустанӣ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Вироиши қисмат: Анатомияи рустанӣ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Анатомияи рустанӣ"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Анатомияи рустанӣ, як фасли ботаника, ки сохти дарунии бофтаҳои рустанӣ, пайдоиш, қонунияти инкишоф ва ҷойгиршавии онҳоро дар узвҳои ҷудогона меомӯзад. Пайдоиши анатомияи рустанӣ ба ихтироъ ва такмили микроскоп алоқаманд аст. Соли 1665 физики англис Р. Гук бо микроскопи такмилдодааш пардаи тунуки пӯк ва чӯби рустаниҳои гуногунро таҳқиқ карда, муқаррар намуд, ки онҳо аз ҳуҷайра иборатанд. Вале асосгузорони анатомияи рустанӣ биологи италиявӣ М. Малпигӣ ва ботаники англис Н. Грю (а. 17) маҳсуб мешаванд. </p><p>Ҳуҷайраи рустанӣ аз лифофа, протопласт (ситоплазма, ядро, пластидҳо, митохондрияҳо) ва маҳсули фаъолияти он (моддаҳои захиравӣ, қатрон, равғанҳои эфирӣ ва ғайра) иборат аст. Мавзӯи асосии омӯзиши анатомияи рустанӣ узвҳои нашви (поя, реша ва шоху барг)-и дарахтон (аз ҷумла дарахтони мева ва ток) ва гулу меваи онҳо мебошад. </p><p>Анатомияи рустанӣ ба морфология, физиология ва эмбриологияи рустанӣ сахт марбут буда, аз фаслҳои анатомияи физиологӣ, экологӣ, патологӣ ва муқоисавии рустанӣ иборат аст. Анатомияи физиологии рустанӣ алоқаи байни сохт ва ҷараёнҳои дар онҳо рухдиҳанда, анатомияи экологии рустанӣ ба сохти рустанӣ таъсир кардани шароити муҳит ва инкишоф, анатомияи патологии рустанӣ ба сохти рустанӣ таъсир кардани унсурҳои касалиовари биологӣ, химиявӣ ва физикӣ, анатомияи муқоисавии рустанӣ намуд, авлод, оила ва ғ-ро ба тарзи қиёс тадқиқ мекунад. Анатомияи таҷрибавии рустанӣ асосан ба таҷрибаҳои агротехникӣ вобастагӣ дорад. Усули асосии омӯзиши сохти дарунии рустанӣ тайёр намудан ва бо микроскоп дидани қабати тунук буридаи узви рустанӣ мебошад. Усулҳои дигари тадқиқот низ вуҷуд доранд (мас., люминессентӣ, поляризатсионӣ, электронӣ, гистохимиявӣ, таҳлили ренгеноструктуравӣ ва ғайра). Тадқиқоти анатомӣ имконият фароҳам меоваранд, ки бисёр сифатҳои пурқимати дарахтони мева ошкор гарданд, масъалаи механизатсияи боғу токзор ва ниҳолхонаҳо роҳи ҳалли худро ёбад (мас., пайвандкунии мошинӣ, бо мошин буридани току навдаи дарахтон, бо комбайн ғундоштани ҳосил ва ғайра), усулҳои ташхиси сармобардорӣ, устуворӣ ба зараррасону касалиҳо дарёфт шаванд. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Анатомияи_эътилолӣ"><span id=".D0.90.D0.BD.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.8F.D0.B8_.D1.8D.D1.8A.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.BB.D3.A3"></span>Анатомияи эътилолӣ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Вироиши қисмат: Анатомияи эътилолӣ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Анатомияи эътилолӣ"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Анатомияи эътилолӣ, морфологияи эътилолӣ - илмест, ки асосҳои морфологии бемориҳои одам ва ҳайвонотро меомӯзад. Мавзӯи тадқиқи анатомияи эътилолӣ тағйироти макроскопӣ ва микроскопӣ дар узву бофтаҳо мебошад. Анатомияи эътилолӣ умумӣ (морфологияи бемориҳо, мас., ихтилоли гардиши хун, мубодилаи моддаҳо, илтиҳоб, омосҳоро меомӯзад) ва ҷузъӣ (морфологияи бемориҳои алоҳидаро тадқиқ мекунад) мешавад. Усули асосие, ки ҳангоми анатомияи эътилолии одам истифода мебаранд, чок кардани ҷасад аст. Ин имкон медиҳад, ки беморӣ аз нигоҳи клиникию морфологӣ таҳлил ва ноқисиҳои ташхису муолиҷа муқаррар карда шаванд. Узву бофтаҳои ҳангоми ҷарроҳӣ бурида гирифта ва маводи <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Биопсия">биопсияро</a> низ аз ҷиҳати патологоанатомӣ месанҷанд. Бинобар тараққӣ кардани техникии тиббӣ ва илми ҷарроҳӣ узву бофтае нест, ки мавриди чунин санҷиш қарор нагирад. Дар натиҷаи тадқиқи маводи биопсия анатомияи эътилолии одами зинда низ ба вуҷуд оварда шудааст. Дар тадқиқоти патологоанатомӣ аз усулҳои санҷиши микроскопӣ (люминессентӣ, рӯшноигӣ, электронӣ, ситологӣ, гистологӣ, гистохимиявӣ, морфометрӣ ва ғайра) фаровон истифода мебаранд. Анатомияи эътилолӣ дар робита бо физиологияи эътилолӣ масъалаҳои асосии патологияи умумӣ ва ҷузъиро ҳаллу фасл менамояд. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Омӯзиш_дар_Тоҷикистон"><span id=".D0.9E.D0.BC.D3.AF.D0.B7.D0.B8.D1.88_.D0.B4.D0.B0.D1.80_.D0.A2.D0.BE.D2.B7.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B8.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.BD"></span>Омӯзиш дар Тоҷикистон</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Вироиши қисмат: Омӯзиш дар Тоҷикистон" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Омӯзиш дар Тоҷикистон"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Анатомияи эътилолӣ чун фанни мустақил дар мактабҳои олии тиббӣ таълим дода мешавад. Дар ДДТТ ба номи Абуалӣ ибни Сино онро аз соли. 1939 дарс медиҳанд. Дар кафедраи анатомияи эътилолӣ, ки бо ташаббуси профессор П. В. Сиповский таъсис ёфта буд (1939), бисёр масъалаҳои муҳим ҳалли хешро ёфтанд (мас., чанд намуди морфологии бемории ҷоғар муқаррар карда шуд, морфологияи гепатити гелиотропӣ мавриди тадқиқ қарор гирифт ва ғайра). Дар тараққии анатомияи эътилолӣ саҳми профессорон П. В. Сиповский, К. Н. Савина, Ю. В. Гулкевич, А. Ғ. Ғоибов, Б. Д. Монастирская, А. В. Куркин ва дигарон калон аст. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ҳамчунин_нигаред"><span id=".D2.B2.D0.B0.D0.BC.D1.87.D1.83.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.BD_.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.B3.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B4"></span>Ҳамчунин нигаред</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Вироиши қисмат: Ҳамчунин нигаред" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Ҳамчунин нигаред"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Морфологияи ҳайвонот (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Морфологияи ҳайвонот</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D3%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Морфологияи рустанӣ (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Морфологияи рустанӣ</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Эзоҳ"><span id=".D0.AD.D0.B7.D0.BE.D2.B3"></span>Эзоҳ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Вироиши қисмат: Эзоҳ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Эзоҳ"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Адабиёт"><span id=".D0.90.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.B1.D0.B8.D1.91.D1.82"></span>Адабиёт</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Вироиши қисмат: Адабиёт" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Адабиёт"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Колесник Л. В., Виноградарство, Кишинёв, 1968;</li> <li>Никитин A. Анатомия, Панкова И. А., Анатомический атлас полезных и некоторые ядовитых растений, Л., 1982;</li> <li>Энциклопедия виноградарства, т. 1, Кишинёв, 1986;</li> <li>Бавтуто Г. А., Ерей Л. М., Практикум по анатомии и морфологии растений, Минск, 2002;</li> <li>Лотова Л. И., Ботаника: Морфология и анатомия высших растений, М., 2007.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Пайвандҳо"><span id=".D0.9F.D0.B0.D0.B9.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B4.D2.B3.D0.BE"></span>Пайвандҳо</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Вироиши қисмат: Пайвандҳо" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Пайвандҳо"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="metadata plainlinks navigation-box tgwikiWikimediaNavigation" style="margin:0 0 1em 1em; clear:right; border:solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1) 1px; background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:inherit; padding:1ex; font-size:90%; float:right;"> <tbody><tr> <th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Портал:Анатомия"><img alt="П:" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/20px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/30px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/40px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span> </th> <td><span class="portal-box">Портали <b>«<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Портал:Анатомия (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Анатомия</a>»</b></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://tg.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="wikt:анатомия"><img alt="wikt:" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Wiktionary-logo-ru.png/20px-Wiktionary-logo-ru.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Wiktionary-logo-ru.png/30px-Wiktionary-logo-ru.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Wiktionary-logo-ru.png/40px-Wiktionary-logo-ru.png 2x" data-file-width="135" data-file-height="135" /></a></span> </th> <td><span class="wikidict-ref"><a href="https://tg.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="extiw" title="wikt:анатомия">Анатомия</a></span> дар Викилуғат </td></tr> <tr> <th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Anatomy" title="commons:Category:Anatomy"><img alt="commons:" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </th> <td><span class="wikicommons-ref"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Anatomy?uselang=tg">Анатомия</a></span> дар Викианбор </td></tr> <tr> <th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B8%D2%B3%D0%B0:%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Лоиҳа:Анатомия"><img alt="П:" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/20px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/30px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/40px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span> </th> <td><span class="portal-box">Лоиҳаи <b>«<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B8%D2%B3%D0%B0:%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Лоиҳа:Анатомия (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Анатомия</a>»</b></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <ul><li><span class="citation"><a href="https://tg.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%91%D0%95/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="extiw" title="s:ЭСБЕ/Анатомия">Анатомия</a> // <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%95%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона">Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона</a> : в 86 т. (82 т. и 4 доп.). — <abbr title="Санкт-Петербург">СПб.</abbr>, 1890—1907.</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Сарчашма"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.87.D0.B0.D1.88.D0.BC.D0.B0"></span>Сарчашма</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Вироиши қисмат: Сарчашма" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Сарчашма"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFЭМТ2011">Анатомия // А — Асос. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Душанбе">Д</span>. : <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D2%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Сарредаксияи илмии Энсиклопедияи Миллии Тоҷик">СИЭМТ</a>, 2011. — (<a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D2%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Энсиклопедияи Миллии Тоҷик">Энсиклопедияи Миллии Тоҷик</a> : <span class="nowrap">[<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1232970">.mw-parser-output .ts-comment-commentedText{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}@media(hover:none){.mw-parser-output .ts-comment-commentedText:not(.rt-commentedText){border-bottom:0;cursor:auto}}</style><span class="ts-comment-commentedText" title="То ҳол 11 ҷилд чоп шудааст, нашр идома дорад.">тахм. 25 ҷ.</span>]</span> / <span class="nowrap"> сармуҳаррир <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D2%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Алибой Қурбонов">А. Қурбонов</a></span> ; 2011—2023, ҷ. 1). — <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B1%D2%B3%D0%BE/9789994733453" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-99947-33-45-3</a>.</span></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Бахшҳои_биология" data-name="Бахшҳои биология"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="colgroup" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><span class="navbox-gear" style="float:left;text-align:left;width:5em;margin-right:0.5em"><span class="noprint plainlinks nowrap" style="font-size:85%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%88%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Дидани ин шаблон"><img alt="⚙️" 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