CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Wedding cake - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"81aae576-5747-435d-8959-0afe8bd73d4a","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Wedding_cake","wgTitle":"Wedding cake","wgCurRevisionId":1228590149,"wgRevisionId":1228590149,"wgArticleId":390827,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from April 2024","Articles with unsourced statements from September 2017","Articles with unsourced statements from April 2019","Articles with unsourced statements from September 2018","Cakes","Wedding food","Wedding objects"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName": "Wedding_cake","wgRelevantArticleId":390827,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q558133","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile", "model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips", "ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Wedding_cake_with_pillar_supports%2C_2009.jpg/1200px-Wedding_cake_with_pillar_supports%2C_2009.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1829"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Wedding_cake_with_pillar_supports%2C_2009.jpg/800px-Wedding_cake_with_pillar_supports%2C_2009.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1219"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Wedding_cake_with_pillar_supports%2C_2009.jpg/640px-Wedding_cake_with_pillar_supports%2C_2009.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="976"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Wedding cake - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wedding_cake"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wedding_cake"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Wedding_cake rootpage-Wedding_cake skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Wedding+cake" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Wedding+cake" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Wedding+cake" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Wedding+cake" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Basic_information" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Basic_information"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Basic information</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Basic_information-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_modern_European_wedding_cakes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_modern_European_wedding_cakes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early modern European wedding cakes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_modern_European_wedding_cakes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_Western_approach" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_Western_approach"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Modern Western approach</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_Western_approach-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Symbolism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Symbolism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Symbolism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Symbolism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Superstitions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Superstitions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Superstitions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Superstitions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Types_of_wedding_cakes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types_of_wedding_cakes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Types of wedding cakes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Types_of_wedding_cakes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Types of wedding cakes subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Types_of_wedding_cakes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Styles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Styles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Styles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Styles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flavors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flavors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Flavors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flavors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Groom's_cake" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Groom's_cake"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Groom's cake</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Groom's_cake-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Decorations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Decorations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Decorations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Decorations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alternatives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternatives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Alternatives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alternatives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_the_wedding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_the_wedding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>After the wedding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_the_wedding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Wedding cake</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 32 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B9%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%81" title="كعكة الزفاف – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كعكة الزفاف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Вясельны торт – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вясельны торт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Past%C3%ADs_de_noces" title="Pastís de noces – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pastís de noces" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bryllupskage" title="Bryllupskage – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bryllupskage" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hochzeitstorte" title="Hochzeitstorte – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hochzeitstorte" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastel_de_bodas" title="Pastel de bodas – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pastel de bodas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geedzi%C4%9Da_kuko" title="Geedziĝa kuko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Geedziĝa kuko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eztei-tarta" title="Eztei-tarta – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eztei-tarta" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="کیک عروسی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کیک عروسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%A8%EB%94%A9_%EC%BC%80%EC%9D%B4%ED%81%AC" title="웨딩 케이크 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="웨딩 케이크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A9" title="Հարսանեկան տորթ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հարսանեկան տորթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95" title="शादी का केक – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="शादी का केक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kue_pernikahan" title="Kue pernikahan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kue pernikahan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torta_nuziale" title="Torta nuziale – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Torta nuziale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%92%D7%AA_%D7%97%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%94" title="עוגת חתונה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עוגת חתונה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuw%C3%A9_pangant%C3%A8n" title="Kuwé pangantèn – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kuwé pangantèn" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kek_kahwin" title="Kek kahwin – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kek kahwin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruidstaart" title="Bruidstaart – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bruidstaart" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%82%B1%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AD" title="ウェディングケーキ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウェディングケーキ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolo_de_casamento" title="Bolo de casamento – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bolo de casamento" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tort_de_nunt%C4%83" title="Tort de nuntă – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tort de nuntă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Свадебный торт – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Свадебный торт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torta_e_dasmes" title="Torta e dasmes – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Torta e dasmes" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Младеначка торта – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Младеначка торта" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A4%C3%A4kakku" title="Hääkakku – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hääkakku" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%B6llopst%C3%A5rta" title="Bröllopstårta – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bröllopstårta" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="เค้กแต่งงาน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เค้กแต่งงาน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BC%C4%9F%C3%BCn_pastas%C4%B1" title="Düğün pastası – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Düğün pastası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Весільний торт – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Весільний торт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1nh_c%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bi" title="Bánh cưới – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bánh cưới" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B5%90%E5%A9%9A%E8%9B%8B%E7%B3%95" title="結婚蛋糕 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="結婚蛋糕" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B5%90%E5%A9%9A%E8%9B%8B%E7%B3%95" title="結婚蛋糕 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="結婚蛋糕" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q558133#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wedding_cake" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Wedding_cake" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wedding_cake"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wedding_cake"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Wedding_cake" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Wedding_cake" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&oldid=1228590149" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Wedding_cake&id=1228590149&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWedding_cake"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWedding_cake"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Wedding_cake&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wedding_cake" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q558133" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Cake for a wedding</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Wedding_Cake_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Wedding Cake (disambiguation)">Wedding Cake (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hrecipe adr"><caption class="infobox-title fn"><span>Wedding cake</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wedding_cake_with_pillar_supports,_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Wedding_cake_with_pillar_supports%2C_2009.jpg/250px-Wedding_cake_with_pillar_supports%2C_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="381" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Wedding_cake_with_pillar_supports%2C_2009.jpg/375px-Wedding_cake_with_pillar_supports%2C_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Wedding_cake_with_pillar_supports%2C_2009.jpg/500px-Wedding_cake_with_pillar_supports%2C_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1337" data-file-height="2038" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding-bottom:0.25em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;">A three-layer wedding cake with pillar supports and "<a href="/wiki/Wedding_cake_topper" title="Wedding cake topper">topper</a>" figures</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cake" title="Cake">Cake</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:0.25em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wedding_cake" class="extiw" title="commons:Wedding cake">Media: Wedding cake</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>wedding cake</b> is the traditional <a href="/wiki/Cake" title="Cake">cake</a> served at <a href="/wiki/Wedding_receptions" class="mw-redirect" title="Wedding receptions">wedding receptions</a> following dinner. In some parts of <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>, the wedding cake is served at a <a href="/wiki/Wedding_breakfast" title="Wedding breakfast">wedding breakfast</a>; the 'wedding breakfast' does not mean the meal will be held in the morning, but at a time following the <a href="/wiki/Ceremony" title="Ceremony">ceremony</a> on the same day. In modern <a href="/wiki/Western_culture" title="Western culture">Western culture</a>, the cake is usually on display and served to guests at the reception. Traditionally, wedding cakes were made to bring good luck to all guests and the couple. Nowadays, however, they are more of a <a href="/wiki/Centerpiece" class="mw-redirect" title="Centerpiece">centerpiece</a> to the wedding and are not always even served to the guests. Some cakes are built with only a single edible tier for the <a href="/wiki/Bride" title="Bride">bride</a> and <a href="/wiki/Groom" class="mw-redirect" title="Groom">groom</a> to share, but this is rare since the cost difference between fake and real tiers is minimal. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Basic_information">Basic information</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Basic information"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wedding cakes come in a variety of sizes, depending on the number of guests the cake will serve. Modern <a href="/wiki/Pastry_chef" title="Pastry chef">pastry chefs</a> and cake designers use various ingredients and tools to create a cake that usually reflects the personalities of the couple. <a href="/wiki/Marzipan" title="Marzipan">Marzipan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fondant_icing" title="Fondant icing">fondant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sugar_paste" title="Sugar paste">gum paste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buttercream" title="Buttercream">buttercream</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chocolate" title="Chocolate">chocolate</a> are among the popular ingredients used. Cakes range in price along with size and components. Cakes are usually priced on a per-person, or per-slice, basis.<sup id="cite_ref-Stewart,_M._2007_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stewart,_M._2007-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prices can range from a few dollars to a few hundred dollars per-person or slice, depending on the pastry chef who is hired to make the cake. Wedding cakes and <a href="/wiki/Cake_decorating" title="Cake decorating">cake decorating</a> in general have become a certain <a href="/wiki/Pop_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Pop culture">pop culture</a> symbol in <a href="/wiki/Western_society" class="mw-redirect" title="Western society">western society</a>. In the United States, reality television shows such as <i><a href="/wiki/Cake_Boss" title="Cake Boss">Cake Boss</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Amazing_Wedding_Cakes" title="Amazing Wedding Cakes">Amazing Wedding Cakes</a></i> have become popular and are trending in today's <a href="/wiki/Popular_culture" title="Popular culture">popular culture</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> The first wedding cakes were probably made in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">ancient Greece</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ronald_Reagan_and_Nancy_Reagan_cutting_cake_at_William_Holden%27s_house_after_their_wedding_in_Toluca_Lake,_California.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Ronald_Reagan_and_Nancy_Reagan_cutting_cake_at_William_Holden%27s_house_after_their_wedding_in_Toluca_Lake%2C_California.jpg/170px-Ronald_Reagan_and_Nancy_Reagan_cutting_cake_at_William_Holden%27s_house_after_their_wedding_in_Toluca_Lake%2C_California.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Ronald_Reagan_and_Nancy_Reagan_cutting_cake_at_William_Holden%27s_house_after_their_wedding_in_Toluca_Lake%2C_California.jpg/255px-Ronald_Reagan_and_Nancy_Reagan_cutting_cake_at_William_Holden%27s_house_after_their_wedding_in_Toluca_Lake%2C_California.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Ronald_Reagan_and_Nancy_Reagan_cutting_cake_at_William_Holden%27s_house_after_their_wedding_in_Toluca_Lake%2C_California.jpg/340px-Ronald_Reagan_and_Nancy_Reagan_cutting_cake_at_William_Holden%27s_house_after_their_wedding_in_Toluca_Lake%2C_California.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2513" data-file-height="3150" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Reagan" title="Nancy Reagan">Nancy Reagan</a> cutting their wedding cake, 1952</figcaption></figure> <p>The contemporary wedding cake has grown out of several different ethnic traditions. One of the first traditions began in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Ancient Rome</a>, where a cake of <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a> or <a href="/wiki/Barley" title="Barley">barley</a> was broken over the bride's head to bring good fortune to the couple.<sup id="cite_ref-Wilson,_Carol_2005_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilson,_Carol_2005-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_modern_European_wedding_cakes">Early modern European wedding cakes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early modern European wedding cakes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the 16th century to the 17th century, the "bride's pie" was served at most weddings. Different from the modern sweet wedding cake, bride pie is savoury. Bride pie is a pie with pastry crust and filled an assortment of <a href="/wiki/Oyster" title="Oyster">oysters</a>, lamb testicles, pine kernels, and cocks' combs (from Robert May's 1685 recipe). For May's recipe, there is a compartment of bride pie which is filled with live birds or a <a href="/wiki/Snake" title="Snake">snake</a> for the guests to pass the time in a wedding when they cut up the pie at the table.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Guests were expected to have a piece out of politeness. It was considered very rude and bad luck not to eat the bride's pie. One tradition of bride's pie was to place a glass ring in the middle of the dessert and the maiden who found it would be the next to marry, similar to the modern tradition of catching the <a href="/wiki/Flower_bouquet" title="Flower bouquet">flower bouquet</a>. </p><p>In the 17th century, two cakes were made: one for the bride and one for the groom. The <a href="/wiki/Groom%27s_cake" title="Groom's cake">groom's cake</a> would fall out of favour as the bride's cake became the main cake for the event. When the two cakes were served together, the groom's cake was typically the darker colored, rich fruit cake and generally much smaller than the bride's cake. The bride's cake was usually a simple <a href="/wiki/Pound_cake" title="Pound cake">pound cake</a> with white <a href="/wiki/Icing_(food)" title="Icing (food)">icing</a> because white was a sign of <a href="/wiki/Virginity" title="Virginity">virginity</a> and purity.<sup id="cite_ref-Wilson,_Carol_2005_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilson,_Carol_2005-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wedding cake was originally a luxury item, and a sign of celebration and social status (the bigger the cake, the higher the social standing). Wedding cakes in England and early America were traditionally fruit cakes, often tiered and topped with marzipan and icing. Cutting the cake was an important part of the reception. White icing was also a symbol of money and social importance in Victorian times, so a white cake was highly desired.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Today, many flavors and configurations are available in addition to the traditional all-white tiered cake.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Medieval_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval England">Medieval England</a> cakes were stacked as high as possible for the bride and groom to kiss over. A successful kiss meant they were guaranteed a prosperous life together.<sup id="cite_ref-Wilson,_Carol_2005_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilson,_Carol_2005-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From this the <a href="/wiki/Croquembouche" title="Croquembouche">Croquembouche</a> was created. The myth behind this cake tells of a <a href="/wiki/Pastry_chef" title="Pastry chef">pastry chef</a>, visiting Medieval England who witnessed their tradition of piling sweet rolls between the bride and groom, which they attempted to kiss over without knocking them all down. The pastry chef then went back to <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> and piled sweet rolls up into a tower to make the first Croquembouche. The modern croquembouche is still very popular in France, where it is now common to place the croquembouche tower on a bed of cake and make it a top tier. This traditional French wedding cake is built from <a href="/wiki/Profiterole" title="Profiterole">profiteroles</a> and given a halo of spun sugar.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1703, Thomas Rich, a baker's apprentice from <a href="/wiki/Ludgate_Hill" title="Ludgate Hill">Ludgate Hill</a>, fell in love with his employer's daughter and asked her to marry him. He wanted to make an extravagant cake, so he drew on <a href="/wiki/St_Bride%27s_Church" title="St Bride's Church">St Bride's Church</a>, on <a href="/wiki/Fleet_Street" title="Fleet Street">Fleet Street</a> in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> for inspiration.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Traditionally the bride would place a ring inside the couple's portion of the cake to symbolise acceptance of the proposal.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bride's pie would evolve into the bride's cake. At this point the dessert was no longer in the form of a pie and was sweeter than its predecessor.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The bride cake was traditionally a plum or <a href="/wiki/Fruit_cake" class="mw-redirect" title="Fruit cake">fruit cake</a>. In the mid-18th century, double icing (covering the cake first with <a href="/wiki/Almond" title="Almond">almond</a> icing and then with white icing) was used on bride cake.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The white-iced upper surface of the bride cake was used as a platform on which all sorts of scenes and emblems could be mounted. The decoration was often at least partially three-dimensional and colourful in appearance. However, since some decorations were made with a variety of substances, sometimes the decoration or even parts of wedding cake were inedible.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The myth that eating the pie would bring good luck was still common, but the glass ring slowly fell out of favor as the flower bouquet toss replaced it. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tiered_cake_with_fondant_frosting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Tiered_cake_with_fondant_frosting.jpg/170px-Tiered_cake_with_fondant_frosting.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Tiered_cake_with_fondant_frosting.jpg/255px-Tiered_cake_with_fondant_frosting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Tiered_cake_with_fondant_frosting.jpg/340px-Tiered_cake_with_fondant_frosting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Tiered cake with calla lilies, a symbol of purity</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_Western_approach">Modern Western approach</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Modern Western approach"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The bride's cake would transform into the modern wedding cake we know today.<sup id="cite_ref-Wilson,_Carol_2005_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilson,_Carol_2005-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the early 19th century, <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugar</a> became easier to obtain during the time when the bride's cakes became popular. The more refined and whiter sugars were still very expensive, so only wealthy families could afford to have a very pure white <a href="/wiki/Icing_(food)" title="Icing (food)">frosting</a>. This display would show the wealth and social status of the family.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> used white icing on her cake it gained a new title: <a href="/wiki/Royal_icing" title="Royal icing">royal icing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The modern wedding cake as we know it now would originate at the 1882 wedding of <a href="/wiki/Prince_Leopold,_Duke_of_Albany" title="Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany">Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany</a>; his wedding cake was the first to actually be completely edible.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pillars between cake tiers did not begin to appear until about 20 years later. The pillars were very poorly made from broomsticks covered in icing. The tiers represented prosperity and were a status symbol because only wealthy families could afford to include them in the cake.<sup id="cite_ref-Wilson,_Carol_2005_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilson,_Carol_2005-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Prince_Leopold,_Duke_of_Albany" title="Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany">Prince Leopold's</a> wedding cake was created in separate layers with very dense icing. When the icing would harden the tiers could be stacked, a groundbreaking innovation for wedding cakes at the time. Modern wedding cakes still use this method, with an added form of support with <a href="/wiki/Dowels" class="mw-redirect" title="Dowels">dowels</a> imbedded in the cake to help carry the load, especially of larger cakes.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Symbolism">Symbolism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Symbolism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Wedding_Cake.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d1/Royal_Wedding_Cake.jpg/170px-Royal_Wedding_Cake.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="298" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d1/Royal_Wedding_Cake.jpg/255px-Royal_Wedding_Cake.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d1/Royal_Wedding_Cake.jpg/340px-Royal_Wedding_Cake.jpg 2x" data-file-width="342" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><i>Royal Wedding Cake</i> from 1858<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Wedding cakes have been present at wedding ceremonies for centuries. They were not always the focus of the event and often came in different forms, like pies or bread. There has always been a lot of symbolism associated with the wedding cake. The earliest known sweet wedding cake is known as a <a href="/wiki/Banbury_cake" title="Banbury cake">Banbury cake</a>, which became popular in 1655.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The white color has been attached to wedding ceremonies since the <a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorian era</a> when <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> chose to wear a <a href="/wiki/White_wedding" title="White wedding">white lace wedding</a> dress at her wedding to <a href="/wiki/Albert,_Prince_Consort" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert, Prince Consort">Prince Albert</a> in 1840. Queen Victoria accentuated an existing symbol, the color white, being frequently associated with virginity and purity in Western culture. The wedding cake was originally known as the bride's cake; therefore, the color white became common because the cake needed to reflect the bride – and the expensive ingredients that the family was able to afford, such as refined white sugar.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The cutting of the cake is a task full of symbolism. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, the couple begins cutting a multi-tier cake from the lowest level and gives the first pieces to their parents and other ancestors as a symbolic way of honoring their place as the foundation of the family.<sup id="cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_of_Cake-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Superstitions">Superstitions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Superstitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wedding_cake_(0).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Wedding_cake_%280%29.jpg/220px-Wedding_cake_%280%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Wedding_cake_%280%29.jpg/330px-Wedding_cake_%280%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Wedding_cake_%280%29.jpg/440px-Wedding_cake_%280%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Wedding cake from <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The wedding cake is surrounded by <a href="/wiki/Superstitions" class="mw-redirect" title="Superstitions">superstitions</a>. In a traditional American wedding, maidens would be invited to pull ribbons that are attached to the bottom layer of the wedding cake.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Out of all the ribbons, only one contains a charm or a ring, and whoever gets the charm will be the next person to marry. In other countries, the wedding cake is broken over the bride's head to ensure fertility and bring good fortune to the couple.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, some people today think that eating the crumbs of the wedding cake would give them good luck because the wedding cake symbolizes happiness and good life to the newlywed couple.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are also myths that <a href="/wiki/Bridesmaids" class="mw-redirect" title="Bridesmaids">bridesmaids</a> have on dreaming of their future husbands. Hopeful bridesmaids would take a piece of cake home and place it under the pillow.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some bridesmaids would sleep with the pieces of cake in their left stocking and the rest under their pillows after passing the pieces of cake through the bride's wedding ring.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Medieval_era" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval era">medieval era</a>, wedding cakes were constructed in rolls and buns that were laid on top of each other. The groom and bride would attempt to share a kiss on top of the stack of rolls to ensure fertility and have good fortune.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types_of_wedding_cakes">Types of wedding cakes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Types of wedding cakes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Different types of cakes have been popular in different countries and at different times. In some countries, such as <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, different couples choose different types of cake, according to their preferences.<sup id="cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_of_Cake-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In others, a single type is chosen by most people. Even when a type is preferred within a culture, the preferred type may change significantly over time. For example, the traditional wedding cake in <a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korea</a> was a <a href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">rice</a> cake topped with a powder made from red beans, but now guests are likely to see a sponge cake and fresh fruit.<sup id="cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_of_Cake-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Styles">Styles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Styles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The typical style for a modern <a href="/wiki/White_wedding" title="White wedding">white wedding</a> is a decorated white <a href="/wiki/Layer_cake" title="Layer cake">layer cake</a>. It is usually coated and decorated with <a href="/wiki/Icing_(food)" title="Icing (food)">frosting</a>. The layers may be filled with frosting, <a href="/wiki/Pastry_cream" class="mw-redirect" title="Pastry cream">pastry cream</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lemon_curd" class="mw-redirect" title="Lemon curd">lemon curd</a>, or other cake fillings. It may be topped by <a href="/wiki/Cake_decorating" title="Cake decorating">decorations</a> made from frosting, with edible flowers, or with other decorations. A layer cake can be a single cake, or it can be assembled to form a tiered cake. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bolobonecos.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Bolobonecos.jpg/170px-Bolobonecos.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Bolobonecos.jpg/255px-Bolobonecos.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Bolobonecos.jpg/340px-Bolobonecos.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>A plastic wedding topper used as decoration, set inside tall columns that separate the tiers of the cake</figcaption></figure> <p>Very tall tiered cakes are important in <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>. The overall height of the cake is said to predict the couple's prosperity.<sup id="cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_of_Cake-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the US, three tiers has been the most common choice since at least the 1960s.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Appalachia" title="Appalachia">Appalachia</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Stack_cake" title="Stack cake">stack cake</a> was a way for poorer people to celebrate potluck-style by spreading the expense across the community. A stack cake is made of thin cakes baked by different guests for the wedding. These cakes are stacked on top of each other, with the layers usually being filled with <a href="/wiki/Apple_butter" title="Apple butter">apple butter</a> or cooked apples.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among the <a href="/wiki/Cajuns" title="Cajuns">Cajuns</a> in the US, multiple cakes are baked at home by the bride's family, rather than having one large cake.<sup id="cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_of_Cake-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flavors">Flavors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Flavors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hochzeitstorte.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Hochzeitstorte.jpg/220px-Hochzeitstorte.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Hochzeitstorte.jpg/330px-Hochzeitstorte.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Hochzeitstorte.jpg/440px-Hochzeitstorte.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2072" data-file-height="2017" /></a><figcaption>Three-tiered wedding cake in Germany. Chocolate sponge cake is popular in Germany and Austria.<sup id="cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_of_Cake-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>In the United Kingdom and <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, the traditional wedding cake is a rich <a href="/wiki/Fruitcake" title="Fruitcake">fruitcake</a>, which is elaborately decorated with icing and may be filled with <a href="/wiki/Almond_paste" title="Almond paste">almond paste</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_of_Cake-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fruitcake was also the traditional wedding cake in the US until the middle of the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_02.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_02.JPG/220px-%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_02.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_02.JPG/330px-%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_02.JPG/440px-%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Special wedding cake</figcaption></figure> <p>According to the results of one survey, in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, most wedding cakes in the US were either white or yellow cakes. In the 2000s and 2010s, there was more diversity in flavors, but most of them were white or chocolate cake.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>, the traditional flavor combination was <a href="/wiki/Honey" title="Honey">honey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sesame" title="Sesame">sesame</a> seed, and <a href="/wiki/Quince" title="Quince">quince</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_of_Cake-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In modern Greece, an almond torte is more common.<sup id="cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_of_Cake-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Greek wedding cakes are elaborate and even architectural, with many tiers.<sup id="cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_of_Cake-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the Philippines, the cake may be a vanilla sponge cake, but it might also be a purple <a href="/wiki/Ube_cake" title="Ube cake">ube cake</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_of_Cake-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>White cake is currently the most popular wedding cake flavor in the US, but different flavors of filling can be added between layers. Chocolate, <a href="/wiki/Carrot" title="Carrot">carrot</a>, Italian Rum and Italian Cream are also popular choices. </p><p>Wedding cakes based on flavor include chocolate, <a href="/wiki/Vanilla" title="Vanilla">vanilla</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Strawberry" title="Strawberry">strawberry</a>. Many modern cakes now consist of flavors such as vanilla sponge, chocolate sponge or carrot cake. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Groom's_cake"><span id="Groom.27s_cake"></span>Groom's cake</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Groom's cake"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In some areas, particularly the <a href="/wiki/American_south" class="mw-redirect" title="American south">American South</a>, two cakes are presented at weddings. Usually, a large, white tiered cake, decorated mostly in white frosting, is called the bride's cake, and a second flavor choice is called the "groom's cake". This tradition was brought over from England by early American colonists,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> who considered the white-iced bride's cake too light for men's tastes. The groom's cake was usually a dark, liquor-soaked fruitcake. More recently, groom's cakes are usually chocolate or another of his favorite flavors. The groom's cake may be decorated or shaped as something significant to him, such as a hobby item, sports team or symbol of his occupation. The movie <i><a href="/wiki/Steel_Magnolias" title="Steel Magnolias">Steel Magnolias</a></i> included a red velvet groom's cake in the shape of a giant <a href="/wiki/Armadillo" title="Armadillo">armadillo</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a> has a different tradition of two cakes. There, the bride's cake is a three-tiered fruitcake, and the groom's cake is a <a href="/wiki/Pound_cake" title="Pound cake">pound cake</a>. The bride's cake is decorated with <a href="/wiki/Silver" title="Silver">silver</a> and represents prosperity, and the groom's cake is decorated with gold and represents his role as the head of the family. The groom's cake is topped with a live cedar tree, which represents the couple's growing love, and which the couple later plants and cares for.<sup id="cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_of_Cake-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When <a href="/wiki/Prince_William" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince William">Prince William</a> <a href="/wiki/Wedding_of_Prince_William_and_Kate_Middleton" class="mw-redirect" title="Wedding of Prince William and Kate Middleton">married</a> <a href="/wiki/Catherine,_Princess_of_Wales" title="Catherine, Princess of Wales">Kate Middleton</a> in 2011, a groom's cake was served alongside the wedding cake at the reception. The groom's cake was a chocolate <a href="/wiki/Biscuit_cake" title="Biscuit cake">biscuit cake</a> based on a family recipe and <a href="/wiki/McVitie%27s" title="McVitie's">McVitie's</a> were asked to create it.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decorations">Decorations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Decorations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tiered cakes are often separated by flowers or columns to add visual impact and height. Separators can include <a href="/wiki/Gemstone" title="Gemstone">jewels</a>, shells, flowers and the like or can be completely separated by using traditional chrome stands. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:At_the_Seattle_Bridal_Show2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/At_the_Seattle_Bridal_Show2.jpg/220px-At_the_Seattle_Bridal_Show2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/At_the_Seattle_Bridal_Show2.jpg/330px-At_the_Seattle_Bridal_Show2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/At_the_Seattle_Bridal_Show2.jpg/440px-At_the_Seattle_Bridal_Show2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Wedding cakes covered with fondant, on display at a sales event. Because the layers are stacked one atop the next, with no columns or separation between them, this style is sometimes called a <i>stacked cake</i>.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Fondant_icing" title="Fondant icing">Fondant</a> is a form of frosting style that is rolled out and draped over tiers. Its smooth, firm sugar icing is often embellished with appliqués, Fondant can be cut into designs, formed into shapes, flavored or tinted. Poured fondant is used to glaze petits fours and other detailed confections.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flowerpaste&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flowerpaste (page does not exist)">Flowerpaste</a> or <a href="/wiki/Gumpaste" class="mw-redirect" title="Gumpaste">gumpaste</a> is a pliable dough usually made from egg whites, unflavored gelatine, and powdered sugar. There are an array of methods and ingredients around the world on how to make flowerpaste and gumpaste. The purpose of this dough is typically to create flowers and other decorations for a cake. Due to the use of gum as one of the ingredients, it can be rolled very thin.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Royal_icing" title="Royal icing">Royal icing</a> is made with water, sugar and egg white or meringue powder. It hardens to a firm finish that can be piped or thinned for "flood work", when larger sections need to be iced. It hardens fast and is ideal for making detailed shapes ahead of time. It can also be piped directly onto cake tiers and works beautifully for delicate detail work.<sup id="cite_ref-Stewart,_M._2007_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stewart,_M._2007-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are a few things to consider when working with royal icing: You must use grease free utensils. Humidity also affects the consistency of royal icing. Joseph Lambeth, a well known British cake decorator, developed a technique where he creates layered scrolls using royal icing as a medium. </p><p>A wedding cake may be topped with fresh flowers. This is typical in the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_of_Cake-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wedding_cake_ornament_1959.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Wedding_cake_ornament_1959.JPG/170px-Wedding_cake_ornament_1959.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Wedding_cake_ornament_1959.JPG/255px-Wedding_cake_ornament_1959.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Wedding_cake_ornament_1959.JPG/340px-Wedding_cake_ornament_1959.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1892" data-file-height="2776" /></a><figcaption>A traditional English topper in ceramic, from 1959</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Wedding_cake_topper" title="Wedding cake topper">Wedding cake toppers</a> are models or art pieces that sit atop the cake. In the US, the most common type of cake topper features a representation of a bride and groom in wedding attire. This custom was dominant in US weddings in the 1950s, where it represented togetherness.<sup id="cite_ref-CD_Cake_Toppers_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CD_Cake_Toppers-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wedding toppers may also be figures that indicate shared hobbies or other passions, if they are used at all.<sup id="cite_ref-CD_Cake_Toppers_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CD_Cake_Toppers-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some are humorous, or may represent the couple's hobby or occupation. In <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, the wedding topper and other decorations tell a story about the couple's history.<sup id="cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_of_Cake-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alternatives">Alternatives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Alternatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Croquembouche_wedding_cake.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Croquembouche_wedding_cake.jpg/170px-Croquembouche_wedding_cake.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Croquembouche_wedding_cake.jpg/255px-Croquembouche_wedding_cake.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Croquembouche_wedding_cake.jpg/340px-Croquembouche_wedding_cake.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Croquembouche" title="Croquembouche">Croquembouche</a> wedding cake</figcaption></figure><p>Instead of, or in addition to, a wedding cake, some people prefer to serve other desserts, such as pastries or cookies. </p><p>Rather than the multiple tier wedding cake, some wedding parties have stands with multiple tiers where <a href="/wiki/Cupcake" title="Cupcake">cupcakes</a> are placed, perhaps topped off with a small wedding cake at the top for the ceremonial cake-cutting. Being cheaper than a multi-tiered wedding cake, cupcakes also versatile in that they can have multiple flavors, colors, and designs. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Croquembouche" title="Croquembouche">Croquembouche</a> is a complex pastry made of cream puffs and caramelized sugar. This pastry is the traditional approach to wedding cake in France.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Scandinavia" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavian</a> countries, a pastry called <a href="/wiki/Kransekake" class="mw-redirect" title="Kransekake">Kransekake</a> is the preferred approach to a wedding cake. This is often made by the family.<sup id="cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_of_Cake-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanom_sam_kloe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanom sam kloe (page does not exist)">Kanom sam kloe</a> is a fried pastry served at Thai weddings.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three balls of dough, made from <a href="/wiki/Coconut" title="Coconut">coconuts</a> and sesame seeds, are fried together. There are superstitions about whether the pieces of dough stay together; if they do, then this is said to portend a successful marriage and at least one child.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="After_the_wedding">After the wedding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: After the wedding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Europe in the 19th century, the cakes baked to serve at the <a href="/wiki/Infant_baptism" title="Infant baptism">christening</a> of an infant were similar to wedding cakes. Eventually, since the wedding cakes were generally made of fruitcake, which would store well, and because the first baby often arrived within a year or so of the wedding, it became traditional to save the top part of the wedding cake to eat in celebration of the couple's first child.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More recently, some people freeze part of the cake and save it until the couple's first wedding anniversary.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wedding" title="Wedding">Wedding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cake_decorating" title="Cake decorating">Cake decorating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cake" title="Cake">Cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_reception" title="Wedding reception">Wedding reception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_wedding" title="White wedding">White wedding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Elizabeth_and_Philip_Mountbatten%27s_wedding_cakes" title="Princess Elizabeth and Philip Mountbatten's wedding cakes">Princess Elizabeth and Philip Mountbatten's wedding cakes</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wedding of Princess Victoria 'Vicky' (Queen Victoria's oldest child) and Crown Prince Frederick William 'Fritz' of Prussia</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Stewart,_M._2007-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Stewart,_M._2007_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stewart,_M._2007_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Stewart, M., & Kromer, W. (2007). Martha Stewart's Wedding Cakes. New York: Clarkson Potter/Publishers.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCastella2012" class="citation book cs1">Castella, Krystina (2012-01-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Z20XOWapBCEC&pg=PA4"><i>A World of Cake: 150 Recipes for Sweet Traditions from Cultures Near and Far; Honey cakes to flat cakes, fritters to chiffons, tartes to tortes, meringues to mooncakes, fruit cakes to spice cakes</i></a>. Storey Publishing. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781603424462" title="Special:BookSources/9781603424462"><bdi>9781603424462</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+World+of+Cake%3A+150+Recipes+for+Sweet+Traditions+from+Cultures+Near+and+Far%3B+Honey+cakes+to+flat+cakes%2C+fritters+to+chiffons%2C+tartes+to+tortes%2C+meringues+to+mooncakes%2C+fruit+cakes+to+spice+cakes&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Storey+Publishing&rft.date=2012-01-03&rft.isbn=9781603424462&rft.aulast=Castella&rft.aufirst=Krystina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZ20XOWapBCEC%26pg%3DPA4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWedding+cake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wilson,_Carol_2005-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wilson,_Carol_2005_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wilson,_Carol_2005_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wilson,_Carol_2005_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wilson,_Carol_2005_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wilson,_Carol_2005_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, Carol. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gcfs.ucpress.edu/content/5/2/69"><i>Wedding Cake: A Slice of History</i></a>. Gastronomica: The Journal of Food and Culture 5 (2): 69-72. Retrieved 6 February 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">May, R. (1685). <i>The accomplisht cook, or, The art and mystery of cookery: A facsimile of the 1685 edition</i>(5th ed.). Retrieved March 3, 2019, from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/22790/22790-h/cook1.html">http://www.gutenberg.org/files/22790/22790-h/cook1.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stewart, M., & Kromer, W. (2007). Martha Stewart's Wedding Cakes. New York: Clarkson Potter/Publishers</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160602124741/http://www.london24.com/news/london_st_bride_s_church_inspired_wedding_cake_tradition_1_841276">"London St Bride's Church inspired wedding cake tradition"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.london24.com/news/london_st_bride_s_church_inspired_wedding_cake_tradition_1_841276">the original</a> on 2016-06-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=London+St+Bride%27s+Church+inspired+wedding+cake+tradition&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.london24.com%2Fnews%2Flondon_st_bride_s_church_inspired_wedding_cake_tradition_1_841276&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWedding+cake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.streetdirectory.com/food_editorials/pastry/cakes/the_history_of_the_wedding_cake_and_cake_toppers.html">"The History of the Wedding Cake and Cake Toppers"</a>. streetdirectory.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120429231829/http://www.streetdirectory.com/food_editorials/pastry/cakes/the_history_of_the_wedding_cake_and_cake_toppers.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2012-04-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+History+of+the+Wedding+Cake+and+Cake+Toppers&rft.pub=streetdirectory.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.streetdirectory.com%2Ffood_editorials%2Fpastry%2Fcakes%2Fthe_history_of_the_wedding_cake_and_cake_toppers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWedding+cake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Charsley, S. (1988). The Wedding Cake: History and Meanings. <i>Folklore, 99(2)</i>, 232-241.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tucker, Abigail. "The Strange History of the Wedding Cake". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved 26 November 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, Carol. (2005)."Wedding Cake: A Slice of History".(n.d). Gastronomica: The Journal of Food and Culture 5 (2): 69-72. Retrieved 6 February 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bakersjournal.com/content/view/557/38/">"Wedding Cakes, Loaves and Pies"</a>. <i>Bakers Journal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130101113722/http://www.bakersjournal.com/content/view/557/38">Archived</a> from the original on 2013-01-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bakers+Journal&rft.atitle=Wedding+Cakes%2C+Loaves+and+Pies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bakersjournal.com%2Fcontent%2Fview%2F557%2F38%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWedding+cake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Charlsey, Simon. (1988).The wedding cake:history and meanings, Tayler&Fansis, Ltd, 99(2), 232-41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-World_of_Cake-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_of_Cake_14-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCastella2012" class="citation book cs1">Castella, Krystina (2012-01-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Z20XOWapBCEC&pg=PA296"><i>A World of Cake: 150 Recipes for Sweet Traditions from Cultures Near and Far; Honey cakes to flat cakes, fritters to chiffons, tartes to tortes, meringues to mooncakes, fruit cakes to spice cakes</i></a>. Storey Publishing. pp. 296–299. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781603424462" title="Special:BookSources/9781603424462"><bdi>9781603424462</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+World+of+Cake%3A+150+Recipes+for+Sweet+Traditions+from+Cultures+Near+and+Far%3B+Honey+cakes+to+flat+cakes%2C+fritters+to+chiffons%2C+tartes+to+tortes%2C+meringues+to+mooncakes%2C+fruit+cakes+to+spice+cakes&rft.pages=296-299&rft.pub=Storey+Publishing&rft.date=2012-01-03&rft.isbn=9781603424462&rft.aulast=Castella&rft.aufirst=Krystina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZ20XOWapBCEC%26pg%3DPA296&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWedding+cake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gaudet, M. (2006). Ribbon Pulls in Wedding Cakes: Tracing a New Orleans Tradition. Folkshore. 117(1). p. 87-96</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, Carol. ( 2005). "Wedding Cake: A Slice of History". Gastronomica: The Journal of Food and Culture 5 (2): 69-72. Retrieved 6 February 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, Carol.(2005). "Wedding Cake: A Slice of History". Gastronomica: The Journal of Food and Culture 5 (2): 69-72. Retrieved 6 February 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Charsley, Simon R. (1992). Wedding Cakes and Cultural History. London: Routledge. Pp. 20, 102, 108, 109. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-02648-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-02648-2">0-415-02648-2</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLo2019" class="citation web cs1">Lo, Karen (2019-04-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.msn.com/en-ca/lifestyle/food/foodnews/the-most-popular-wedding-cake-flavors-by-decade/ar-BBVAFwo">"The Most Popular Wedding Cake Flavors by Decade"</a>. <i>Food52</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-04-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Food52&rft.atitle=The+Most+Popular+Wedding+Cake+Flavors+by+Decade&rft.date=2019-04-03&rft.aulast=Lo&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.msn.com%2Fen-ca%2Flifestyle%2Ffood%2Ffoodnews%2Fthe-most-popular-wedding-cake-flavors-by-decade%2Far-BBVAFwo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWedding+cake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCastella2012" class="citation book cs1">Castella, Krystina (2012-01-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Z20XOWapBCEC&pg=PA41"><i>A World of Cake: 150 Recipes for Sweet Traditions from Cultures Near and Far; Honey cakes to flat cakes, fritters to chiffons, tartes to tortes, meringues to mooncakes, fruit cakes to spice cakes</i></a>. Storey Publishing. p. 41. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781603424462" title="Special:BookSources/9781603424462"><bdi>9781603424462</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+World+of+Cake%3A+150+Recipes+for+Sweet+Traditions+from+Cultures+Near+and+Far%3B+Honey+cakes+to+flat+cakes%2C+fritters+to+chiffons%2C+tartes+to+tortes%2C+meringues+to+mooncakes%2C+fruit+cakes+to+spice+cakes&rft.pages=41&rft.pub=Storey+Publishing&rft.date=2012-01-03&rft.isbn=9781603424462&rft.aulast=Castella&rft.aufirst=Krystina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZ20XOWapBCEC%26pg%3DPA41&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWedding+cake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStewart2017" class="citation book cs1">Stewart, Claire (2017-04-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_hMMDgAAQBAJ"><i>As Long As We Both Shall Eat: A History of Wedding Food and Feasts</i></a>. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 13. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781442257146" title="Special:BookSources/9781442257146"><bdi>9781442257146</bdi></a>. <q>...between the 1900s and the 1960s. Yet it was generally a fruit cake...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=As+Long+As+We+Both+Shall+Eat%3A+A+History+of+Wedding+Food+and+Feasts&rft.pages=13&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2017-04-01&rft.isbn=9781442257146&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=Claire&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_hMMDgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWedding+cake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooke2011" class="citation news cs1">Cooke, Rachel (17 April 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2011/apr/17/rachel-cooke-royal-wedding-fridge-cake">"Let them eat fridge cake"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Let+them+eat+fridge+cake&rft.date=2011-04-17&rft.aulast=Cooke&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Flifeandstyle%2F2011%2Fapr%2F17%2Frachel-cooke-royal-wedding-fridge-cake&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWedding+cake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CD_Cake_Toppers-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CD_Cake_Toppers_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CD_Cake_Toppers_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCele_Otones_and_Elizabeth_Pleck2003" class="citation cs2">Cele Otones and Elizabeth Pleck (2003), <i>Cinderella Dreams: The Allure of the Lavish Wedding</i>, University of California Press, pp. 124–125, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-520-24008-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-520-24008-1"><bdi>0-520-24008-1</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cinderella+Dreams%3A+The+Allure+of+the+Lavish+Wedding&rft.pages=124-125&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-520-24008-1&rft.au=Cele+Otones+and+Elizabeth+Pleck&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWedding+cake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStradley2016" class="citation web cs1">Stradley, Linda (2016-03-08). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/Glossary/C.htm">"Culinary Dictionary – C"</a>. <i>What's Cooking America</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-04-06</span></span>. <q>Croquembouche consists of balls of baked choux pastry (called profiteroles and cream puffs) stacked in a pyramid (cone shape). The pastry is covered with spun caramelized sugar. It is considered the traditional French "wedding cake"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=What%27s+Cooking+America&rft.atitle=Culinary+Dictionary+%E2%80%93+C&rft.date=2016-03-08&rft.aulast=Stradley&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhatscookingamerica.net%2FGlossary%2FC.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWedding+cake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCastella2012" class="citation book cs1">Castella, Krystina (2012-01-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Z20XOWapBCEC&pg=PA294"><i>A World of Cake: 150 Recipes for Sweet Traditions from Cultures Near and Far; Honey cakes to flat cakes, fritters to chiffons, tartes to tortes, meringues to mooncakes, fruit cakes to spice cakes</i></a>. Storey Publishing. p. 294. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781603424462" title="Special:BookSources/9781603424462"><bdi>9781603424462</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+World+of+Cake%3A+150+Recipes+for+Sweet+Traditions+from+Cultures+Near+and+Far%3B+Honey+cakes+to+flat+cakes%2C+fritters+to+chiffons%2C+tartes+to+tortes%2C+meringues+to+mooncakes%2C+fruit+cakes+to+spice+cakes&rft.pages=294&rft.pub=Storey+Publishing&rft.date=2012-01-03&rft.isbn=9781603424462&rft.aulast=Castella&rft.aufirst=Krystina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZ20XOWapBCEC%26pg%3DPA294&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWedding+cake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCastella2012" class="citation book cs1">Castella, Krystina (2012-01-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Z20XOWapBCEC&pg=PA228"><i>A World of Cake: 150 Recipes for Sweet Traditions from Cultures Near and Far; Honey cakes to flat cakes, fritters to chiffons, tartes to tortes, meringues to mooncakes, fruit cakes to spice cakes</i></a>. Storey Publishing. pp. 228–229. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781603424462" title="Special:BookSources/9781603424462"><bdi>9781603424462</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+World+of+Cake%3A+150+Recipes+for+Sweet+Traditions+from+Cultures+Near+and+Far%3B+Honey+cakes+to+flat+cakes%2C+fritters+to+chiffons%2C+tartes+to+tortes%2C+meringues+to+mooncakes%2C+fruit+cakes+to+spice+cakes&rft.pages=228-229&rft.pub=Storey+Publishing&rft.date=2012-01-03&rft.isbn=9781603424462&rft.aulast=Castella&rft.aufirst=Krystina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZ20XOWapBCEC%26pg%3DPA228&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWedding+cake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> has media related to:<br /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wedding_cake" class="extiw" title="commons:Wedding cake"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Wedding cake</span></a> (<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Wedding_cakes" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Wedding cakes">category</a>)</div></div> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cakes" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cakes" title="Template:Cakes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cakes" title="Template talk:Cakes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cakes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cakes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cakes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cake" title="Cake">Cakes</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_cakes" title="List of cakes">List of cakes</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Butter_cake" title="Butter cake">Butter cakes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babka" title="Babka">Babka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banana_bread" title="Banana bread">Banana bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A2teau_nantais" title="Gâteau nantais">Gâteau nantais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gooey_butter_cake" title="Gooey butter cake">Gooey butter cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pound_cake" title="Pound cake">Pound cake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cheesecake" title="Cheesecake">Cheesecakes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiadone" title="Fiadone">Fiadone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_cheesecake" title="Japanese cheesecake">Japanese cheesecake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostkaka" title="Ostkaka">Ostkaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ube_cheesecake" title="Ube cheesecake">Ube cheesecake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoked_salmon_cheesecake" class="mw-redirect" title="Smoked salmon cheesecake">Smoked salmon cheesecake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tu_(cake)" title="Tu (cake)">Tu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nut cakes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brazil_nut_cake" title="Brazil nut cake">Brazil nut cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castagnaccio" title="Castagnaccio">Castagnaccio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chestnut_cake" title="Chestnut cake">Chestnut cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falculelle" title="Falculelle">Falculelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financier_(cake)" title="Financier (cake)">Financier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neccio" title="Neccio">Neccio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_de_G%C3%AAnes" title="Pain de Gênes">Pain de Gênes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_cake" title="Chocolate cake">Chocolate<br />cakes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amandine_(dessert)" title="Amandine (dessert)">Amandine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batik_cake" title="Batik cake">Batik cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Forest_gateau" title="Black Forest gateau">Black Forest gateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackout_cake" title="Blackout cake">Blackout cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_brownie" title="Chocolate brownie">Chocolate brownie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flourless_chocolate_cake" title="Flourless chocolate cake">Flourless chocolate cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garash_cake" title="Garash cake">Garash cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_chocolate_cake" title="German chocolate cake">German chocolate cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedgehog_slice" title="Hedgehog slice">Hedgehog slice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joffre_cake" title="Joffre cake">Joffre cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kladdkaka" title="Kladdkaka">Kladdkaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molten_chocolate_cake" title="Molten chocolate cake">Molten chocolate cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachertorte" title="Sachertorte">Sachertorte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torta_caprese" title="Torta caprese">Torta caprese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fruitcake" title="Fruitcake">Fruitcakes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_cake" title="Apple cake">Apple cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banana_cake" title="Banana cake">Banana cake</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1nh_chu%E1%BB%91i" title="Bánh chuối">Bánh chuối</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_bun" title="Black bun">Black bun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolo-rei" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolo-rei">Bolo-rei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pound_cake#Cherry_cake" title="Pound cake">Cherry cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clementine_cake" title="Clementine cake">Clementine cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crema_de_fruta" title="Crema de fruta">Crema de fruta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_cake" title="Dundee cake">Dundee cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fig_cake" title="Fig cake">Fig cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genoa_cake" title="Genoa cake">Genoa cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_apple_cake" title="Jewish apple cake">Jewish apple cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kornigou" title="Kornigou">Kornigou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mango_cake" title="Mango cake">Mango cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mango_float" title="Mango float">Mango float</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panforte" title="Panforte">Panforte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panpepato" title="Panpepato">Panpepato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plum_cake" title="Plum cake">Plum cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_cake" title="Queen Elizabeth cake">Queen Elizabeth cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raisin_cake" title="Raisin cake">Raisin cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torta_alla_Monferrina" class="mw-redirect" title="Torta alla Monferrina">Torta alla Monferrina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Layer_cake" title="Layer cake">Layer cakes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angel_cake" title="Angel cake">Angel cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolo_fiado" title="Bolo fiado">Bolo fiado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckwheat_gateau" title="Buckwheat gateau">Buckwheat gateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassata" title="Cassata">Cassata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berry_chantilly_cake" title="Berry chantilly cake">Chantilly cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coconut_cake" title="Coconut cake">Coconut cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_food_cake" title="Devil's food cake">Devil's food cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doberge_cake" title="Doberge cake">Doberge cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobos_torte" title="Dobos torte">Dobos torte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esterh%C3%A1zy_torte" title="Esterházy torte">Esterházy torte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flan_cake" title="Flan cake">Flan cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A2teau_magique" title="Gâteau magique">Gâteau magique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liver_cake" title="Liver cake">Liver cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Luisa_cake" title="Maria Luisa cake">Maria Luisa cake</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cremeschnitte" title="Cremeschnitte">Cremeschnitte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ampita" title="Šampita">Šampita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tompouce" title="Tompouce">Tompouce</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_cake" title="Princess cake">Princess cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prinzregententorte" title="Prinzregententorte">Prinzregententorte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_cookie" title="Rainbow cookie">Rainbow cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarawak_layer_cake" title="Sarawak layer cake">Sarawak cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_Island,_Maryland#Smith_Island_cake" title="Smith Island, Maryland">Smith Island cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spekkoek" title="Spekkoek">Spekkoek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torta_setteveli" title="Torta setteveli">Torta setteveli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torta_Tre_Monti" title="Torta Tre Monti">Torta Tre Monti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torte" title="Torte">Torte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADnarterta" title="Vínarterta">Vínarterta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spit_cake" title="Spit cake">Spit cakes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baumkuchen" title="Baumkuchen">Baumkuchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%BCrt%C5%91skal%C3%A1cs" title="Kürtőskalács">Kürtőskalács (Chimney cake)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0akotis" title="Šakotis">Šakotis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spettekaka" title="Spettekaka">Spettekaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trdeln%C3%ADk" title="Trdelník">Trdelník</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sponge_cake" title="Sponge cake">Sponge<br />cakes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahulu" title="Bahulu">Bahulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1nh_b%C3%B2" title="Bánh bò">Bánh bò</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battenberg_cake" title="Battenberg cake">Battenberg cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_cream_pie" title="Boston cream pie">Boston cream pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buko_pandan_cake" title="Buko pandan cake">Buko pandan cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundt_cake" title="Bundt cake">Bundt cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castella" title="Castella">Castella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_(cake)" title="Charlotte (cake)">Charlotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_and_walnut_cake" title="Coffee and walnut cake">Coffee and walnut cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donauwelle" title="Donauwelle">Donauwelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanta_cake" title="Fanta cake">Fanta cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankfurter_Kranz" title="Frankfurter Kranz">Frankfurter Kranz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Fancy" class="mw-redirect" title="French Fancy">French Fancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frog_cake" title="Frog cake">Frog cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genoise" title="Genoise">Génoise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_milk_cake" title="Hot milk cake">Hot milk cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hummingbird_cake" title="Hummingbird cake">Hummingbird cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Baltimore_cake" title="Lady Baltimore cake">Lady Baltimore cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladyfinger_(biscuit)" title="Ladyfinger (biscuit)">Ladyfinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamington" title="Lamington">Lamington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeira_cake" title="Madeira cake">Madeira cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeleine_(cake)" title="Madeleine (cake)">Madeleine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantecada" title="Mantecada">Mantecada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marry_girl_cake" class="mw-redirect" title="Marry girl cake">Marry girl cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mis%C3%A9rable_cake" title="Misérable cake">Misérable cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera_cake" title="Opera cake">Opera cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandan_cake" title="Pandan cake">Pandan cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_wrapped_cake" title="Paper wrapped cake">Paper wrapped cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pionono" title="Pionono">Pionono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_velvet_cake" title="Red velvet cake">Red velvet cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rum_cake" title="Rum cake">Rum cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shortcake" title="Shortcake">Shortcake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spice_cake" title="Spice cake">Spice cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_roll" title="Swiss roll">Swiss roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tres_leches_cake" title="Tres leches cake">Tres leches cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upside-down_cake" title="Upside-down cake">Upside-down cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sponge_cake#Victoria_sponge" title="Sponge cake">Victoria sponge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foam_cake" title="Foam cake">Foam cakes</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Meringue" title="Meringue">meringue</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angel_food_cake" title="Angel food cake">Angel food cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazo_de_Mercedes" title="Brazo de Mercedes">Brazo de Mercedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiffon_cake" title="Chiffon cake">Chiffon cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacquoise" title="Dacquoise">Dacquoise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_cake" title="Kyiv cake">Kyiv cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mam%C3%B3n" title="Mamón">Mamón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mango_cake" title="Mango cake">Mango cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavlova_(cake)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pavlova (cake)">Pavlova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sans_rival" title="Sans rival">Sans rival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanische_Windtorte" title="Spanische Windtorte">Spanische Windtorte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ube_cake" title="Ube cake">Ube cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yema_cake" title="Yema cake">Yema cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zuger_Kirschtorte" title="Zuger Kirschtorte">Zuger Kirschtorte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yeast cakes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banbury_cake" title="Banbury cake">Banbury cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlingozzo" title="Berlingozzo">Berlingozzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bienenstich" title="Bienenstich">Bienenstich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breudher" title="Breudher">Breudher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cacavellu" title="Cacavellu">Cacavellu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campanile_(cake)" title="Campanile (cake)">Campanile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canestru" title="Canestru">Canestru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chorley_cake" title="Chorley cake">Chorley cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cozonac" title="Cozonac">Cozonac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Date_and_walnut_loaf" title="Date and walnut loaf">Date and walnut loaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_bread" title="Easter bread">Easter bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flies%27_graveyard" title="Flies' graveyard">Flies' graveyard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gugelhupf" title="Gugelhupf">Gugelhupf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuliata" title="Inuliata">Inuliata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_sweet_bread" title="Portuguese sweet bread">Portuguese sweet bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandoro" title="Pandoro">Pandoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rum_baba" title="Rum baba">Rum baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streuselkuchen" title="Streuselkuchen">Streuselkuchen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special<br />occasions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birthday_cake" title="Birthday cake">Birthday cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buccellato" title="Buccellato">Buccellato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_cake" title="Christmas cake">Christmas cake</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yule_log_(cake)" title="Yule log (cake)">Bûche de Noël</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_de_Pascua" title="Pan de Pascua">Pan de Pascua</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groom%27s_cake" title="Groom's cake">Groom's cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halloween_cake" class="mw-redirect" title="Halloween cake">Halloween cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_cake" title="King cake">King cake</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rosca_de_reyes" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosca de reyes">Rosca de reyes</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kransekake" class="mw-redirect" title="Kransekake">Kransekake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lekach" title="Lekach">Lekach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love_cake" title="Love cake">Love cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marry_girl_cake" class="mw-redirect" title="Marry girl cake">Marry girl cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mooncake" title="Mooncake">Mooncake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasc%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Pască">Pască</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_out_cake" title="Pop out cake">Pop out cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simnel_cake" title="Simnel cake">Simnel cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soul_cake" title="Soul cake">Soul cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stack_cake" title="Stack cake">Stack cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stollen" title="Stollen">Stollen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strenna_(cake)" title="Strenna (cake)">Strenna</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wedding cake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basbousa" title="Basbousa">Basbousa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beer_cake" title="Beer cake">Beer cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Better_than_sex_cake" title="Better than sex cake">Better than sex cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bizcocho" title="Bizcocho">Bizcocho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulla_cake" title="Bulla cake">Bulla cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cake_balls" title="Cake balls">Cake balls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cake_pop" title="Cake pop">Cake pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrot_cake" title="Carrot cake">Carrot cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_cake_(American)" title="Coffee cake (American)">Coffee cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupcake" title="Cupcake">Cupcake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gingerbread" title="Gingerbread">Gingerbread</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gingerbread_house" title="Gingerbread house">house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gingerbread_man" title="Gingerbread man">man</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_cake" title="Heavy cake">Heavy cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_cream_cake" title="Ice cream cake">Ice cream cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ispanakl%C4%B1_kek" class="mw-redirect" title="Ispanaklı kek">Ispanaklı kek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kue" title="Kue">Kue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuih" title="Kuih">Kuih</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lolly_cake" title="Lolly cake">Lolly cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_cake" title="Louise cake">Louise cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man%C3%A9_pelado" title="Mané pelado">Mané pelado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marble_cake" title="Marble cake">Marble cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonnette_(dessert)" title="Nonnette (dessert)">Nonnette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontbijtkoek" title="Ontbijtkoek">Ontbijtkoek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_d%27%C3%A9pices" title="Pain d'épices">Pain d'épices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancake" title="Pancake">Pancake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkin_(cake)" title="Parkin (cake)">Parkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parrozzo" title="Parrozzo">Parrozzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petit_four" title="Petit four">Petit four</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punschkrapfen" title="Punschkrapfen">Punschkrapfen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_cake" title="Rice cake">Rice cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruske_kape" title="Ruske kape">Ruske kape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souffl%C3%A9" title="Soufflé">Soufflé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugee_cake" title="Sugee cake">Sugee cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweetheart_cake" title="Sweetheart cake">Sweetheart cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teacake" title="Teacake">Teacake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiramisu" title="Tiramisu">Tiramisu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watergate_cake" title="Watergate cake">Watergate cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_cake" title="Welsh cake">Welsh cake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/16px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/24px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/32px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Cakes" title="Category:Cakes">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Weddings" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Weddings" title="Template:Weddings"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Weddings" title="Template talk:Weddings"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Weddings" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Weddings"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Weddings" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wedding" title="Wedding">Weddings</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collective_wedding" title="Collective wedding">Collective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elopement" title="Elopement">Elopement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handfasting" title="Handfasting">Handfasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage">Same-sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_wedding" title="White wedding">White</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-wedding</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_proposal_planner" title="Marriage proposal planner">Marriage proposal planner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_proposal" title="Marriage proposal">Marriage proposal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engagement" title="Engagement">Engagement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banns_of_marriage" title="Banns of marriage">Banns of marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_planner" title="Wedding planner">Wedding planner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridal_registry" class="mw-redirect" title="Bridal registry">Bridal registry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridal_shower" title="Bridal shower">Bridal shower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engagement_party" title="Engagement party">Engagement party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_invitation" title="Wedding invitation">Wedding invitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bachelor_party" title="Bachelor party">Bachelor party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bachelorette_party" title="Bachelorette party">Bachelorette party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stag_and_doe" title="Stag and doe">Stag and doe party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_license" title="Marriage license">Marriage license</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehearsal_dinner" title="Rehearsal dinner">Rehearsal dinner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_chapel" title="Wedding chapel">Wedding chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gretna_Green#Marriage" title="Gretna Green">Gretna Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_weddings" title="Las Vegas weddings">Las Vegas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Clothing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Western_dress_codes" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_dress_codes" title="Western dress codes">Western dress codes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Formal_wear" title="Formal wear">Formal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_tie" title="White tie">White tie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morning_dress" title="Morning dress">Morning dress</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-formal_wear" title="Semi-formal wear">Semi-formal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_tie" title="Black tie">Black tie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_lounge_suit" title="Black lounge suit">Black lounge suit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Informal_wear" title="Informal wear">Informal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suit" title="Suit">Suit</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_dress" title="Wedding dress">Wedding dress</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Western_wedding_dress" class="mw-redirect" title="Contemporary Western wedding dress">Contemporary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridal_crown" title="Bridal crown">Bridal crown</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dress" title="Dress">Dress</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evening_gown" title="Evening gown">Evening gown</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ball_gown" title="Ball gown">Ball gown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9butante_dress" class="mw-redirect" title="Débutante dress">Debutante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera_gloves" class="mw-redirect" title="Opera gloves">Opera gloves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocktail_dress" title="Cocktail dress">Cocktail dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garter_(stockings)" class="mw-redirect" title="Garter (stockings)">Garters</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Casual_wear" title="Casual wear">Casual</a></i></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuppah" title="Chuppah">Chuppah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_arras" title="Las arras">Las arras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebes_Gamikos" class="mw-redirect" title="Lebes Gamikos">Lebes Gamikos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_cord" title="Wedding cord">Wedding cord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_favors" class="mw-redirect" title="Wedding favors">Wedding favors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_mandap" class="mw-redirect" title="Wedding mandap">Wedding mandap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_ring_cushion" title="Wedding ring cushion">Wedding ring cushion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wishing_well_(wedding)" title="Wishing well (wedding)">Wishing well</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_wedding_ceremony_participants" class="mw-redirect" title="List of wedding ceremony participants">Participants</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bride" title="Bride">Bride</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_child_brides" title="List of child brides">child bride</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridegroom" title="Bridegroom">Bridegroom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_child_bridegrooms" title="List of child bridegrooms">child bridegroom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridesmaid" title="Bridesmaid">Bridesmaid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridesman" title="Bridesman">Bridesman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flower_girl" title="Flower girl">Flower girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groomsman" title="Groomsman">Groomsman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Page_boy_(wedding_attendant)" title="Page boy (wedding attendant)">Page boy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_officiant" title="Marriage officiant">Officiant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahesta_Bero" title="Ahesta Bero">Ahesta Bero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedding_ceremony" title="Bedding ceremony">Bedding ceremony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridal_Chorus" title="Bridal Chorus">Bridal Chorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_dance" title="First dance">First dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Wedding_Blessing" title="Indian Wedding Blessing">"Indian" Wedding Blessing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jumping_the_broom" title="Jumping the broom">Jumping the broom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lychgate#Use_at_weddings" title="Lychgate">Lychgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Money_dance" title="Money dance">Money dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_music" title="Wedding music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polterabend" title="Polterabend">Polterabend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pounded_rice_ritual" title="Pounded rice ritual">Pounded rice ritual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyebaek" title="Pyebaek">Pyebaek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trash_the_dress" title="Trash the dress">Trash the dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unity_candle" title="Unity candle">Unity candle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walima" title="Walima">Walima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_March_(Mendelssohn)" title="Wedding March (Mendelssohn)">Wedding March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_photography" title="Wedding photography">Wedding photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_reception" title="Wedding reception">Wedding reception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_videography" title="Wedding videography">Wedding videography</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Food and drink</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_breakfast" title="Wedding breakfast">Wedding breakfast</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wedding cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_cake_topper" title="Wedding cake topper">Wedding cake topper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cookie_table" title="Cookie table">Cookie table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groom%27s_cake" title="Groom's cake">Groom's cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hochzeitssuppe" title="Hochzeitssuppe">Hochzeitssuppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_almonds" class="mw-redirect" title="Jordan almonds">Jordan almonds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolach_(bread)" title="Kolach (bread)">Kolach (bread)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korovai" title="Korovai">Korovai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loving_cup" title="Loving cup">Loving cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_card" title="Place card">Place card</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By religion<br />or culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anand_Karaj" title="Anand Karaj">Anand Karaj (Sikh)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_wedding" title="Arab wedding">Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayie" title="Ayie">Ayie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayyavazhi_wedding" title="Ayyavazhi wedding">Ayyavazhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Hindu_wedding" title="Bengali Hindu wedding">Bengali Hindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Muslim_wedding" title="Bengali Muslim wedding">Bengali Muslim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei_Malay_wedding" title="Brunei Malay wedding">Brunei Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_marriage" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese marriage">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_pre-wedding_customs" title="Chinese pre-wedding customs">Pre-wedding customs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Marriage in the Catholic Church">Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hajong_marriage" title="Hajong marriage">Hajong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_wedding" title="Hindu wedding">Hindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_marital_practices" title="Islamic marital practices">Islamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iyer_wedding" class="mw-redirect" title="Iyer wedding">Iyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_wedding" title="Jewish wedding">Jewish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qabin" title="Qabin">Mandaean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mormon_wedding" class="mw-redirect" title="Mormon wedding">Mormon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_Hindu_wedding" title="Odia Hindu wedding">Odia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_wedding" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian wedding">Persian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poruwa_ceremony" title="Poruwa ceremony">Poruwa ceremony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_wedding_traditions" title="Punjabi wedding traditions">Punjabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaker_wedding" title="Quaker wedding">Quaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasrani_wedding" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasrani wedding">Saint Thomas Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinto_wedding" title="Shinto wedding">Shinto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timorese_wedding_traditions" title="Timorese wedding traditions">Timorese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C5%91f%C3%A9ly" title="Vőfély">Vőfély (Hungary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrian_wedding" title="Zoroastrian wedding">Zoroastrian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wedding_customs_by_country" title="Wedding customs by country">By country</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_customs_in_Ethiopia" title="Wedding customs in Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C5%91f%C3%A9ly" title="Vőfély">Vőfély (Hungary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_weddings" title="Icelandic weddings">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weddings_in_India" title="Weddings in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weddings_in_Myanmar" title="Weddings in Myanmar">Myanmar (Burma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_Pakistan" title="Marriage in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_and_wedding_customs_in_the_Philippines" title="Marriage and wedding customs in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_wedding_traditions" title="Russian wedding traditions">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poruwa_ceremony" title="Poruwa ceremony">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_wedding_traditions" title="Ukrainian wedding traditions">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weddings_in_the_United_States_and_Canada" title="Weddings in the United States and Canada">United States and Canada</a></li> <li>United Kingdom <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_England_and_Wales" title="Marriage in England and Wales">England and Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_Scotland" title="Marriage in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_marriage_in_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="History of marriage in Great Britain and Ireland">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Vietnamese_wedding" title="Traditional Vietnamese wedding">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Honeymoon" title="Honeymoon">Honeymoon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Honeymoon_registry" title="Honeymoon registry">Honeymoon registry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consummation" title="Consummation">Consummation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_wedding" title="Black wedding">Black wedding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elopement" title="Elopement">Elopement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maiden_and_married_names" title="Maiden and married names">Maiden and married names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_vows" title="Marriage vows">Marriage vows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newlywed" title="Newlywed">Newlywed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_royal_weddings" title="List of royal weddings">Royal weddings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-uniting_marriage" title="Self-uniting marriage">Self-uniting marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shotgun_wedding" title="Shotgun wedding">Shotgun wedding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knobstick_wedding" title="Knobstick wedding">Knobstick wedding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_anniversary" title="Wedding anniversary">Wedding anniversary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_crashing" class="mw-redirect" title="Wedding crashing">Wedding crashing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_vow_renewal_ceremony" title="Wedding vow renewal ceremony">Wedding vow renewal ceremony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Womanless_wedding" title="Womanless wedding">Womanless wedding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q558133#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000304783&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&oldid=1228590149">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&oldid=1228590149</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cakes" title="Category:Cakes">Cakes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wedding_food" title="Category:Wedding food">Wedding food</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wedding_objects" title="Category:Wedding objects">Wedding objects</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_April_2024" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from April 2024">Articles with unsourced statements from April 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_September_2017" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from September 2017">Articles with unsourced statements from September 2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_April_2019" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from April 2019">Articles with unsourced statements from April 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_September_2018" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from September 2018">Articles with unsourced statements from September 2018</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 12 June 2024, at 02:15<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wedding_cake&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-nb8ts","wgBackendResponseTime":147,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.710","walltime":"0.938","ppvisitednodes":{"value":4065,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":105356,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6626,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":7,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":87809,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 766.639 1 -total"," 29.15% 223.475 2 Template:Reflist"," 17.81% 136.503 6 Template:Cite_book"," 16.64% 127.587 9 Template:Citation_needed"," 15.80% 121.135 3 Template:Navbox"," 14.41% 110.448 1 Template:Cakes"," 14.29% 109.586 1 Template:Infobox_food"," 14.04% 107.659 9 Template:Fix"," 13.57% 104.000 1 Template:Infobox"," 9.78% 74.967 1 Template:Short_description"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.393","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":7407124,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-5dc468848-bv4gd","timestamp":"20241122175432","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Wedding cake","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wedding_cake","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q558133","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q558133","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-12-06T18:01:09Z","dateModified":"2024-06-12T02:15:16Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/a0\/Wedding_cake_with_pillar_supports%2C_2009.jpg","headline":"cake for a wedding"}</script> </body> </html>