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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Archaeological site in Florida</div> <p>The <b>Ortona Prehistoric Village</b> is an archaeological site adjacent to the community of <a href="/wiki/Ortona,_Glades_County,_Florida" title="Ortona, Glades County, Florida">Ortona</a> in northeastern <a href="/wiki/Glades_County,_Florida" title="Glades County, Florida">Glades County, Florida</a>, north of the <a href="/wiki/Caloosahatchee_River" title="Caloosahatchee River">Caloosahatchee River</a> and west of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Okeechobee" title="Lake Okeechobee">Lake Okeechobee</a>, consisting of mounds, canals and other features.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Part of the site is currently in the Glades County-owned Ortona Indian Mound Park, but much remains in private hands. The site has been extensively modified by 20th-century activities, including the construction of a county road and a cemetery, sand mining operations, and improvements to pasture land. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Environs">Environs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ortona_Prehistoric_Village&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Environs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Ortona mounds are located about 3 miles (4.8 km) north of the present-day Caloosahatchee River. Until late in the 19th century, the Caloosahatchee River was fed by a series of lakes starting from Lake Hicpochee, and including Lettuce Lake, Bonnet Lake and Flirt Lake. A waterfall and set of rapids at the lower end of Flirt Lake marked the beginning of the river. The rapids were close to 1 mile (1.6 km) long, with a drop in elevation of about 10 feet (3.0 m). Lake Hicpochee, about 9,000 acres (3,600 ha) in area, was only 3 miles (4.8 km) from Lake Okeechobee, but there was no connection between the two lakes before the late 19th century. Water flowed from Lake Hicpochee westward into Lettuce Lake and then Bonnet Lake. When the water was high the two lakes merged. From Bonnet Lake water flowed into Lake Flirt, which was about 1,000 acres (400 ha) in area and 5 miles (8.0 km) long. All of the lakes were surrounded by extensive wetlands.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1881 <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Disston" title="Hamilton Disston">Hamilton Disston</a>, as part of a scheme to drain large areas of wetlands in the interior of Florida, had a canal dredged from Lake Okeechobee to Lake Hicpochee and through the lakes and wetlands to the west. His company removed the rock ledge that formed the falls and rapids below Lake Flirt, and straightened the upper reaches of the Caloosahatchee River. Various state and federal projects have widened and deepened the river since then.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The conversion of the Caloosahatchee River into a canal drained Lake Flirt and the wetlands descending from Lake Hicpochee.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Site_components">Site components</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ortona_Prehistoric_Village&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Site components"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The site was extensively altered during the 20th century, and many of the features were destroyed or heavily damaged. Archaeologists have used early descriptions and maps of the site, as well as aerial photographs taken in the middle of the 20th century, to construct a partial picture of the site before it was altered.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canals">Canals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ortona_Prehistoric_Village&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Canals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The remains of two linear canals connect the Ortona site with the Caloosahatchee River. One canal runs about 3.2 kilometres (2.0 mi) southeast from the site to a natural waterway connecting to the river. The other canal runs southwest from the site about 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) to what was Lake Flirt on the old river bed (the Caloosahatchee River was canalized in the 20th century).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the routes of the canals can be traced on old maps and aerial photos, they have been significantly altered and obscured by human actions in the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Early maps show an “Indian Trail” running from <a href="/wiki/Fisheating_Creek" title="Fisheating Creek">Fisheating Creek</a> that crossed the wetlands east of Lake Flirt (and south of the Ortona site) at a ford. The <a href="/wiki/Seminole_Wars" title="Seminole Wars">Seminole Wars</a> Fort Thompson was located at the rapids below (west of) Lake Flirt.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The two canals were fed by a <a href="/wiki/Slough_(hydrology)" title="Slough (hydrology)">slough</a> called Turkey Creek, which flowed towards the mounds from the north. The western canal (<a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_trinomial" title="Smithsonian trinomial">8GL4A</a>) connected a small, round pond near the mounds to an arm of Lake Flirt called Cypress Branch. The eastern canal (8GL4B) started near the mounds but does not appear to have been connected to the pond. Wheeler speculates that the two canals may have been connected by Turkey Slough. A 1950 map based on aerial photos shows a short branch of the eastern canal connecting to a mound or group of mounds. Much of the eastern canal may have been re-dredged as a drainage canal during the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Measurements made in the 20th century indicate that the canals were about 1.2 metres (3.9 ft) deep and 3 metres (9.8 ft) wide. The canals had flat bottoms and sloped sides, with spoil along their sides.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A surviving portion of the eastern canal that was about to be destroyed in a sand mining operation was examined in 1997 by archaeologists. Trenches were cut through the canal to determine its history. Examination of the soil profiles in the trenches revealed that the canal was originally 6.7 to 9.1 metres (22 to 30 ft) wide at the top and 4.6 to 6.1 metres (15 to 20 ft) wide at the bottom of the canal, and 1 to 1.2 metres (3.3 to 3.9 ft) deep. <a href="/wiki/Radiocarbon_dating" title="Radiocarbon dating">Radiocarbon dates</a> from samples of organic material recovered from the trenches indicate that the canal may have been dug as much as 1,900 years ago. A sample from the lowest layer was 1,600 to 1,900 years old. Two other samples above the original bottom of the canal, presumably deposited on sediment that had accumulated in the canal, were 1,100 to 1,750 years old.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Both canals slope from the area of the mounds to the river, dropping just over 1 foot (0.30 m) in every 1,000 feet (300 m). The slope was enough to maintain a flow of water through the canals without causing excessive erosion. Wheeler states that the canals were primarily for canoe traffic, although, as a secondary effect, they may have helped drain the area around the mounds. “The canals demonstrate a complex knowledge of local topography and hydraulic features.”<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Ortona canals differ from other pre-historic canals in southwest Florida, as having had a flow induced by a drop in elevation. The <a href="/wiki/Mud_Lake_Canal" title="Mud Lake Canal">Mud Lake</a>, Snake Bight and Naples canals were at sea level, subject only to tidal flows. The <a href="/wiki/Pineland_Archeological_District" title="Pineland Archeological District">Pine Island</a> and Cape Coral canals were static canals, closed at both ends and at intermediate points. In addition, the Ortona Canals may have been used to bypass a marshy section of the Caloosahatchee watershed and bring canoe traffic between Lake Okeechobee and the lower Caloosahatchee to the Ortona site, while the other canals provided shortcuts that also avoided taking canoes into open, and possibly rough, water.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Major_mounds">Major mounds</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ortona_Prehistoric_Village&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Major mounds"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On the east side of the site is a large mound (8GL5). Estimates of the size of the mound have varied over the years. In 1918 the mound was described as being 160 feet (49 m) by 130 feet (40 m), and 30 feet (9.1 m) tall. In 1948 the dimensions were given as 200 feet (61 m) by 200 feet (61 m), and 16 feet (4.9 m) tall, with part of the mound removed for road fill. By the 1990s the entire center of the mound had been removed, leaving a rim around the outside of the mound. Pits (presumably dug by "pot hunters") were reported in the mound as early as 1918, but there is no report of any human remains or artifacts being found in the mound.<sup id="cite_ref-Carr236_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carr236-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mound A (8GL80) is on the east side of Turkey Creek. The mound is about 38 to 39 metres (125 to 128 ft) across and 2.5 metres (8.2 ft) tall. It is one of the best-preserved mounds at Ortona. The mound is a <a href="/wiki/Midden" title="Midden">midden</a>, with animal bones and human artifacts. The soil in the mound is noticeably darker than that of other mounds at the site.<sup id="cite_ref-Carr236_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carr236-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To the west of Turkey Creek is Mound B. Mound B was largely destroyed when it was mined for fill. Historical accounts and aerial photos indicate that the mound was 152 metres (499 ft) long, 21 metres (69 ft) wide and 5 feet (1.5 m) high. It has been described as being shaped like a loaf of bread. Test excavations on the remnants of the mound indicate that it was made primarily of sand, with some midden material mixed in.<sup id="cite_ref-Carr238_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carr238-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mound C has also been largely destroyed by mining. It was originally about 30.3 metres (99 ft) in diameter and about 1 metre (3.3 ft) high. Shards were observed on the surface of the mound in 1974.<sup id="cite_ref-Carr238_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carr238-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mound D was another "breadloaf-shaped" mound that was largely destroyed in the later 20th century. It was originally about 152 metres (499 ft) long, with a width that varied between 20 and 25 metres (66 and 82 ft). Stereoptic aerial photos from 1949 suggest that the mound had conical elevations at each end of the mound, but both ends have been leveled. One remaining segment of the mound has been bulldozed, but is still about .5 metres (1.6 ft) high. Robert Carr was present when the northern end of the mound was destroyed, and observed that the upper 1 metre (3.3 ft) of the mound contained organically-stained sand and pottery shards. A 16 metres (52 ft) wide ramp on the west side of the mound shows in mid-20th century aerial photos. A "causeway" appears to have connected the north end of Mound D to Mound C, which is east of Mound D.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discovery_and_examination">Discovery and examination</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ortona_Prehistoric_Village&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Discovery and examination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The site first appears in the written record in 1839, when surveyors noted a large mound and two canals at the site. The canals were described in a Smithsonian Institution report in 1882, while the mounds were described in <i>American Antiquarian</i> in 1887. In the first half of the 20th century the site was visited and described by R. D. Wainwright, <a href="/wiki/John_Kunkel_Small" title="John Kunkel Small">John Kunkel Small</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ale%C5%A1_Hrdli%C4%8Dka" title="Aleš Hrdlička">Aleš Hrdlička</a>, Henry B. Collins, <a href="/wiki/John_W._Griffin_(archaeologist)" title="John W. Griffin (archaeologist)">John W. Griffin</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Mann_Goggin" title="John Mann Goggin">John Mann Goggin</a>. Goggin returned to the site in 1952 with some students to excavate part of the large mound.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Glades County created the Ortona Indian Mound Park in 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ortona_Prehistoric_Village&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Ortona_Prehistoric_Village" title="Special:EditPage/Ortona Prehistoric Village">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Ortona+Prehistoric+Village%22">"Ortona Prehistoric Village"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Ortona+Prehistoric+Village%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Ortona+Prehistoric+Village%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Ortona+Prehistoric+Village%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Ortona+Prehistoric+Village%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Ortona+Prehistoric+Village%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Many archaeologists believe that the village was first settled around 300 A.D., and that the village lasted till 1150 A.D. They also believe that the height of the occupation was from 550–800 A.D. Ortona was built at a critical intersection of a north-south and an east-west trade routes. </p><p>The longest canals built by Indians in North America, built by the <a href="/wiki/Calusa" title="Calusa">Calusa</a>, connected the major waterway, the Caloosahatchee River at Ortona, because the site was just below the falls. Former state archaeologist Ryan J. Wheeler,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> made researches on the Ortona Canals using government maps and areal photography. Wheeler believes the canals traveled 20 miles, an incredible feat of hydraulic engineering by a group of hunter-gathers. Wheeler was instrumental in having the <a href="/wiki/Mud_Lake_Canal" title="Mud Lake Canal">Mud Lake Canal</a>, a 3.9 mile long Calusa canal in the Everglades, designated a <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark</a>. </p><p>The restoration and further study of the Ortona Canals is being undertaken by Robert S. Carr and his organization, the Florida Archaeological Conservancy.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Architect and anthropologist, Richard Thornton,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> has researched, as well as, created village layouts, showing the various mounds and features. His ideas and layouts are online at his site, access genealogy. Thornton was the first to raise the point concerning the lack of barricades and fortification of the village. Southeast archaeologist George R. Milner<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> conducted research on trends by prehistoric tribes of violence and warfare. Ortona as well as <a href="/wiki/Fort_Center" title="Fort Center">Fort Center</a> were built at a brief window of peace and trade that started around 100 B.C. and lasted till 400 A.D.. Florida archaeologists such as Milanich, believe that features at Ortona were the result of contact by societies associated with the <a href="/wiki/Mississippian_culture" title="Mississippian culture">Mississippian culture</a> due to similarities in building types. </p><p>The recent dating of the neighboring Fort Center site to 800–500 B.C. indicates that most likely, the culture that built Ortona, Fort Center, <a href="/wiki/Big_Mound_City" title="Big Mound City">Big Mound City</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tony%27s_Mound" title="Tony's Mound">Tony's Mound</a> had a unifying religion, trade and engineering skills and feats many centuries before the <a href="/wiki/Hopewell_tradition" title="Hopewell tradition">Hopewell</a> and Mississippi culture. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ortona_Prehistoric_Village&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mississippian_sites" title="List of Mississippian sites">List of Mississippian sites</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ortona_Prehistoric_Village&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDerr2002" class="citation news cs1">Derr, Mark (2002-07-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2002/07/23/science/network-of-waterways-traced-to-ancient-florida-culture.html">"Network of Waterways Traced to Ancient Florida Culture"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-01-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Network+of+Waterways+Traced+to+Ancient+Florida+Culture&rft.date=2002-07-23&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Derr&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2002%2F07%2F23%2Fscience%2Fnetwork-of-waterways-traced-to-ancient-florida-culture.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrtona+Prehistoric+Village" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLodge1994" class="citation book cs1">Lodge, Thomas E. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8KeKDQAAQBAJ&dq=lake+lettuce+caloosahatchee&pg=PT291">"The Caloosahatchee: Historic Condition"</a>. <i>The Everglades Handbook: Understanding the Ecosystem</i> (4 ed.). CRC Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781498742955" title="Special:BookSources/9781498742955"><bdi>9781498742955</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Caloosahatchee%3A+Historic+Condition&rft.btitle=The+Everglades+Handbook%3A+Understanding+the+Ecosystem&rft.edition=4&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=9781498742955&rft.aulast=Lodge&rft.aufirst=Thomas+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8KeKDQAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dlake%2Blettuce%2Bcaloosahatchee%26pg%3DPT291&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrtona+Prehistoric+Village" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041223173937/http://nsgl.gso.uri.edu/flsgp/flsgpm02003/flsgpm02003_part2b.pdf">"Dredging History of Southwest Florida Inland Waterways"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>National Sea Grant Library</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nsgl.gso.uri.edu/flsgp/flsgpm02003/flsgpm02003_part2b.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on December 23, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 18,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Sea+Grant+Library&rft.atitle=Dredging+History+of+Southwest+Florida+Inland+Waterways&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnsgl.gso.uri.edu%2Fflsgp%2Fflsgpm02003%2Fflsgpm02003_part2b.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrtona+Prehistoric+Village" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wheeler: 266, 270.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Carr, et al. December 1995: 233.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Carr, et el. December 1995: 233, 235</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wheeler: 272.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wheeler: 266-268</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wheeler: 270, 274</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wheeler: 273.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Carr, et al. March 2002: 3, 5, 15, 16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wheeler: 272-274, 276, 278.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wheeler: 276-277.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carr236-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Carr236_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Carr236_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Carr, et al. December 1995: 236.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carr238-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Carr238_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Carr238_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Carr, et al. December 1995: 238.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Carr, et al. December 1995: 238, 240.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Carr, et al. December 1995: 230, 233.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Phelan2016" class="citation news cs1">O'Phelan, Anne M. (February 9, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.news-press.com/story/news/local/lehigh/2016/02/09/ortona-indian-mound-park-full-history-ophelan/79981026/">"Ortona Indian Mound Park full of history"</a>. <i>[Fort Myers] News-Press</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 19,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%5BFort+Myers%5D+News-Press&rft.atitle=Ortona+Indian+Mound+Park+full+of+history&rft.date=2016-02-09&rft.aulast=O%27Phelan&rft.aufirst=Anne+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.news-press.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Flehigh%2F2016%2F02%2F09%2Fortona-indian-mound-park-full-history-ophelan%2F79981026%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrtona+Prehistoric+Village" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wheeler</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thornton</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Milner</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ortona_Prehistoric_Village&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarrDickelMasson1995" class="citation journal cs1">Carr, Robert S.; Dickel, David; Masson, Marilyn (December 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00027829/00041/4j">"Archaeological Investigations at the Ortona Earthworks and Mounds"</a>. <i>The Florida Anthropologist</i>. <b>48</b> (4): 227–263 – via University of Florida Digital Collection.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Florida+Anthropologist&rft.atitle=Archaeological+Investigations+at+the+Ortona+Earthworks+and+Mounds&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=227-263&rft.date=1995-12&rft.aulast=Carr&rft.aufirst=Robert+S.&rft.au=Dickel%2C+David&rft.au=Masson%2C+Marilyn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fufdc.ufl.edu%2FUF00027829%2F00041%2F4j&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrtona+Prehistoric+Village" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarr2002" class="citation journal cs1">Carr, Robert S. (March 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00027829/00088/6j">"Archaeological Profiling and Radiocarbon Profiling of the Ortona Canal (8GL4), Glades County, Florida"</a>. <i>The Florida Anthropologist</i>. <b>55</b> (1): 3–22 – via University of Florida Digital Collections.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Florida+Anthropologist&rft.atitle=Archaeological+Profiling+and+Radiocarbon+Profiling+of+the+Ortona+Canal+%288GL4%29%2C+Glades+County%2C+Florida&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=3-22&rft.date=2002-03&rft.aulast=Carr&rft.aufirst=Robert+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fufdc.ufl.edu%2FUF00027829%2F00088%2F6j&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrtona+Prehistoric+Village" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWheeler1995" class="citation journal cs1">Wheeler, Ryan J. (December 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00027829/00041/42j">"The Ortona Canals: Aboriginal Canal Hydraulics and Engineering"</a>. <i>The Florida Anthropologist</i>. <b>48</b> (4): 265–281 – via University of Florida Digital Collection.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Florida+Anthropologist&rft.atitle=The+Ortona+Canals%3A+Aboriginal+Canal+Hydraulics+and+Engineering&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=265-281&rft.date=1995-12&rft.aulast=Wheeler&rft.aufirst=Ryan+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fufdc.ufl.edu%2FUF00027829%2F00041%2F42j&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrtona+Prehistoric+Village" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Thornton</li> <li>Milner</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Indigenous_peoples_of_Pre-Columbian_Florida" title="Template:Indigenous peoples of Pre-Columbian Florida"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indigenous_peoples_of_Pre-Columbian_Florida" title="Template talk:Indigenous peoples of Pre-Columbian Florida"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indigenous_peoples_of_Pre-Columbian_Florida" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indigenous peoples of Pre-Columbian Florida"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="20x20px_Indigenous_peoples_of_Pre-Columbian_Florida" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="vertical-align:1px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mount_Royal_(Florida)_second_copper_plate.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Mount_Royal_%28Florida%29_second_copper_plate.jpg/20px-Mount_Royal_%28Florida%29_second_copper_plate.jpg" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Mount_Royal_%28Florida%29_second_copper_plate.jpg/30px-Mount_Royal_%28Florida%29_second_copper_plate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Mount_Royal_%28Florida%29_second_copper_plate.jpg/40px-Mount_Royal_%28Florida%29_second_copper_plate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3400" data-file-height="3200" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_Florida" title="Indigenous peoples of Florida">Indigenous peoples of Pre-Columbian Florida</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#E8E6B4"><div> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><i>Periods</i></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_Florida#Paleoindians" title="Indigenous peoples of Florida">Paleoindians</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_Florida#Archaic_period" title="Indigenous peoples of Florida">Archaic period</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_Florida#Post-Archaic_period" title="Indigenous peoples of Florida">Post-Archaic period</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E8E6B4;width:1%;vertical-align:top;">Archaeological<br /> cultures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alachua_culture" title="Alachua culture">Alachua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belle_Glade_culture" title="Belle Glade culture">Belle Glade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cades_Pond_culture" title="Cades Pond culture">Cades Pond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caloosahatchee_culture" title="Caloosahatchee culture">Caloosahatchee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_culture" title="Clovis culture">Clovis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deptford_culture" title="Deptford culture">Deptford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Walton_culture" title="Fort Walton culture">Fort Walton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glades_culture" title="Glades culture">Glades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon-Jefferson_culture" title="Leon-Jefferson culture">Leon-Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manasota_culture" title="Manasota culture">Manasota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Taylor_period" title="Mount Taylor period">Mount Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwood_culture" title="Norwood culture">Norwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_period" title="Orange period">Orange period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Indians" title="Paleo-Indians">Paleo-Indians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pensacola_culture" title="Pensacola culture">Pensacola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safety_Harbor_culture" title="Safety Harbor culture">Safety Harbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Rosa-Swift_Creek_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Rosa-Swift Creek culture">Santa Rosa-Swift Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Johns_culture" title="St. Johns culture">St. Johns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suwannee_Valley_culture" title="Suwannee Valley culture">Suwannee Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swift_Creek_culture" title="Swift Creek culture">Swift Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weeden_Island_culture" title="Weeden Island culture">Weeden Island</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Weeden_Island_culture#McKeithen_Weeden_Island_culture" title="Weeden Island culture">McKeithen</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Weeden_Island_culture#North_peninsular_Gulf_coast_region" title="Weeden Island culture">North peninsular Gulf coast</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E8E6B4;width:1%;vertical-align:top;">Archaeological<br />sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:KMMaskPointedNose.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/KMMaskPointedNose.jpg/110px-KMMaskPointedNose.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/KMMaskPointedNose.jpg/165px-KMMaskPointedNose.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/KMMaskPointedNose.jpg/220px-KMMaskPointedNose.jpg 2x" data-file-width="498" data-file-height="716" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apalachee_Bay#Underwater_archaeological_sites" title="Apalachee Bay">Apalachee Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqui_Esta_Burial_Mound" title="Aqui Esta Burial Mound">Aqui Esta Burial Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Pines_Site" title="Bay Pines Site">Bay Pines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bear_Lake_Mounds_Archeological_District" title="Bear Lake Mounds Archeological District">Bear Lake Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Heart_West" title="Big Heart West">Big Heart West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Mound_City" title="Big Mound City">Big Mound City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Mound_Key-Boggess_Ridge_Archeological_District" title="Big Mound Key-Boggess Ridge Archeological District">Big Mound Key-Boggess Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird_Hammock" title="Bird Hammock">Bird Hammock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blueberry_Site" title="Blueberry Site">Blueberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowers_Bluff_Middens_Archeological_District" title="Bowers Bluff Middens Archeological District">Bowers Bluff Middens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bubba_Midden" title="Bubba Midden">Bubba Midden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burns_Lake_Site" title="Burns Lake Site">Burns Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butcherpen_Mound" title="Butcherpen Mound">Butcherpen Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayo_Pelau_Archaeological_Site" title="Cayo Pelau Archaeological Site">Cayo Pelau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayson_Mound_and_Village_Site" title="Cayson Mound and Village Site">Cayson Mound and Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._J._Ostl_Site" title="C. J. Ostl Site">C. J. Ostl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_River_Archaeological_State_Park" title="Crystal River Archaeological State Park">Crystal River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cutler_Fossil_Site" title="Cutler Fossil Site">Cutler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demere_Key" title="Demere Key">Demere Key</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_Den_Cave" title="Devil's Den Cave">Devil's Den Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dismal_Key" title="Dismal Key">Dismal Key</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglass_Beach_Site" title="Douglass Beach Site">Douglass Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Center" title="Fort Center">Fort Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Walton_Mound" title="Fort Walton Mound">Fort Walton Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galt_Island_Archeological_District" title="Galt Island Archeological District">Galt Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_Patch_Archeological_Site" title="Garden Patch Archeological Site">Garden Patch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Mound" title="Green Mound">Green Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halfway_Creek_Site" title="Halfway Creek Site">Halfway Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Blazes_archaeological_site" title="Helen Blazes archaeological site">Helen Blazes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hickory_Ridge_Cemetery_Archeological_Site" title="Hickory Ridge Cemetery Archeological Site">Hickory Ridge Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinson_Mounds" title="Hinson Mounds">Hinson Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horr%27s_Island" title="Horr's Island">Horr's Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Fields" title="Indian Fields">Indian Fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%26J_Hunt_Submerged_Archaeological_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="J&J Hunt Submerged Archaeological Site">J&J Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josslyn_Island_Site" title="Josslyn Island Site">Josslyn Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jungle_Prada_Site" title="Jungle Prada Site">Jungle Prada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Key_Marco" title="Key Marco">Key Marco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimball_Island_Midden_Archeological_Site" title="Kimball Island Midden Archeological Site">Kimball Island Midden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Jackson_Mounds_Archaeological_State_Park" title="Lake Jackson Mounds Archaeological State Park">Lake Jackson Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Pithlachocco_Canoe_Site" title="Lake Pithlachocco Canoe Site">Lake Pithlachocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letchworth-Love_Mounds_Archaeological_State_Park" title="Letchworth-Love Mounds Archaeological State Park">Letchworth-Love Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Salt_Spring" title="Little Salt Spring">Little Salt Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madira_Bickel_Mound_State_Archaeological_Site" title="Madira Bickel Mound State Archaeological Site">Madira Bickel Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Pardo_Shellworks_Site" title="Mark Pardo Shellworks Site">Mark Pardo Shellworks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Circle" title="Miami Circle">Miami Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mill_Cove_Complex" title="Mill Cove Complex">Mill Cove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monroe_Lake_Archeological_District" title="Monroe Lake Archeological District">Monroe Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mound_Key_Archaeological_State_Park" title="Mound Key Archaeological State Park">Mound Key</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Elizabeth_Archeological_Site" title="Mount Elizabeth Archeological Site">Mount Elizabeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Royal_(Florida)" title="Mount Royal (Florida)">Mount Royal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Taylor_(Florida)" title="Mount Taylor (Florida)">Mount Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mullet_Key" title="Mullet Key">Mullet Key</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myakkahatchee_Creek_Archaeological_Site" title="Myakkahatchee Creek Archaeological Site">Myakkahatchee Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Live_Oaks_Cemetery" title="Naval Live Oaks Cemetery">Naval Live Oaks Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nocoroco" title="Nocoroco">Nocoroco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ormond_Mound" title="Ormond Mound">Ormond Mound</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ortona Prehistoric Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otis_Hare_Archeological_Site" title="Otis Hare Archeological Site">Otis Hare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Page-Ladson_site" class="mw-redirect" title="Page-Ladson site">Page-Ladson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persimmon_Mound" title="Persimmon Mound">Persimmon Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierce_Site" title="Pierce Site">Pierce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pineland_Archeological_District" title="Pineland Archeological District">Pineland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platt_Island" title="Platt Island">Platt Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaza_Site" title="Plaza Site">Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompano_Beach_Mound" title="Pompano Beach Mound">Pompano Beach Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portavant_Mound" title="Portavant Mound">Portavant Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porter%27s_Bar_Site" title="Porter's Bar Site">Porter's Bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Mound" title="Princess Mound">Princess Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Styx_archaeological_site" title="River Styx archaeological site">River Styx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberts_Island_complex" title="Roberts Island complex">Roberts Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_Mound_Archeological_Site" title="Rock Mound Archeological Site">Rock Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rookery_Mound" title="Rookery Mound">Rookery Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Hammock_Site" title="Ross Hammock Site">Ross Hammock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safety_Harbor_site" title="Safety Harbor site">Safety Harbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shark_River_Slough_Archeological_District" title="Shark River Slough Archeological District">Shark River Slough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_Bluff_Landing" title="Shell Bluff Landing">Shell Bluff Landing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spruce_Creek_Mound_Complex" title="Spruce Creek Mound Complex">Spruce Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Gulf_Breeze" title="Third Gulf Breeze">Third Gulf Breeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Creek_Archeological_District" title="Thomas Creek Archeological District">Thomas Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turner_River_Site" title="Turner River Site">Turner River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turtle_Mound" title="Turtle Mound">Turtle Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twin_Mounds_Archeological_District" title="Twin Mounds Archeological District">Twin Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Tampa_Bay_Park" title="Upper Tampa Bay Park">Upper Tampa Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Useppa_Island" title="Useppa Island">Useppa Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velda_Mound" title="Velda Mound">Velda Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waddells_Mill_Pond_Site" title="Waddells Mill Pond Site">Waddells Mill Pond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Ball_Wakulla_Springs_State_Park" title="Edward Ball Wakulla Springs State Park">Wakulla Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yent_Mound" title="Yent Mound">Yent Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yon_Mound_and_Village_Site" title="Yon Mound and Village Site">Yon Mound and Village</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E8E6B4;width:1%;vertical-align:top;">Human<br />remains</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Manasota_Key_Offshore" title="Manasota Key Offshore">Manasota Key Offshore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Bone_Bed#Melbourne_Man" title="Melbourne Bone Bed">Melbourne Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vero_man" title="Vero man">Vero man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warm_Mineral_Springs_(spring)" title="Warm Mineral Springs (spring)">Warm Mineral Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windover_Archeological_Site" title="Windover Archeological Site">Windover</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E8E6B4;width:1%;vertical-align:top;">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beaver_Lake_point" title="Beaver Lake point">Beaver Lake point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Everglades_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigenous peoples of the Everglades region">Indigenous peoples of the Everglades region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protection_of_Native_American_sites_in_Florida" title="Protection of Native American sites in Florida">Protection of Native American sites in Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_ring" title="Shell ring">Shell ring</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_shell_ring_sites#Florida" title="List of shell ring sites">List of shell ring sites#Florida</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_works" title="Shell works">Shell works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simpson_point" title="Simpson point">Simpson point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suwannee_point" title="Suwannee point">Suwannee point</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#E8E6B4"><div> <dl><dt>Related</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian_era" title="Pre-Columbian era">Pre-Columbian era</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ortona_Prehistoric_Village&oldid=1207920906">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ortona_Prehistoric_Village&oldid=1207920906</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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