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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supported_hardware_platforms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supported_hardware_platforms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Supported hardware platforms</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Supported_hardware_platforms-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Supported hardware platforms subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Supported_hardware_platforms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-IBM_RT_PC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IBM_RT_PC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>IBM RT PC</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IBM_RT_PC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IBM_PS/2_series" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IBM_PS/2_series"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>IBM PS/2 series</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IBM_PS/2_series-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IBM_mainframes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IBM_mainframes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>IBM mainframes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IBM_mainframes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IA-64_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IA-64_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>IA-64 systems</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IA-64_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Apple_Network_Servers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apple_Network_Servers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Apple Network Servers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apple_Network_Servers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-POWER_ISA/PowerPC/Power_ISA-based_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#POWER_ISA/PowerPC/Power_ISA-based_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>POWER ISA/PowerPC/Power ISA-based systems</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-POWER_ISA/PowerPC/Power_ISA-based_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Source_code" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Source_code"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Source code</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Source_code-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Versions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Versions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Versions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Versions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Versions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Versions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-POWER/PowerPC/Power_ISA_releases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#POWER/PowerPC/Power_ISA_releases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>POWER/PowerPC/Power ISA releases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-POWER/PowerPC/Power_ISA_releases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IBM_System/370_releases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IBM_System/370_releases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>IBM System/370 releases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IBM_System/370_releases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IBM_PS/2_releases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IBM_PS/2_releases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>IBM PS/2 releases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IBM_PS/2_releases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IBM_RT_releases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IBM_RT_releases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>IBM RT releases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IBM_RT_releases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-User_interfaces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#User_interfaces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>User interfaces</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-User_interfaces-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle User interfaces subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-User_interfaces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Graphical" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Graphical"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Graphical</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Graphical-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-System_Management_Interface_Tool" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#System_Management_Interface_Tool"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>System Management Interface Tool</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-System_Management_Interface_Tool-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Database" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Database"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Database</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Database-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" 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Available in 31 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D8%A5%D9%85_%D8%A5%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A2%D9%8A_%D8%A5%D9%83%D8%B3" title="آي بي إم إيه آي إكس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="آي بي إم إيه آي إكس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIX_(%D0%9E%D0%A1)" title="AIX (ОС) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="AIX (ОС)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIX" title="AIX – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="AIX" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIX" title="AIX – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="AIX" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIX" title="AIX – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="AIX" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIX" title="AIX – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="AIX" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIX" title="AIX – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="AIX" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIX" title="AIX – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="AIX" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIX" title="AIX – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="AIX" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIX" title="AIX – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="AIX" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A2%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="آی‌بی‌ام ای‌آی‌اکس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آی‌بی‌ام ای‌آی‌اکس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIX" title="AIX – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="AIX" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_AIX" title="IBM AIX – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="IBM AIX" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_AIX" title="IBM AIX – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="IBM AIX" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIX_(sistema_operativo)" title="AIX (sistema operativo) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="AIX (sistema operativo)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_AIX" title="IBM AIX – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="IBM AIX" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_AIX" title="IBM AIX – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="IBM AIX" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_AIX" title="IBM AIX – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="IBM AIX" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF.%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80.%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AE._%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="आय.बी.एम. एआयएक्स – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आय.बी.एम. एआयएक्स" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIX" title="AIX – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="AIX" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIX" title="AIX – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="AIX" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIX" title="AIX – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="AIX" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIX" title="AIX – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="AIX" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Interactive_eXecutive" title="Advanced Interactive eXecutive – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Advanced Interactive eXecutive" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_AIX" title="IBM AIX – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="IBM AIX" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIX" title="AIX – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="AIX" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIX" title="AIX – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="AIX" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIX" title="AIX – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="AIX" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIX" title="AIX – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="AIX" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_AIX" title="IBM AIX – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="IBM AIX" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_AIX" title="IBM AIX – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="IBM AIX" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q269856#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div 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article <b> uses <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a> that <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">link to broken or outdated sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit">improve the article</a></span> by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:LR" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:LR">addressing link rot</a> or discuss this issue on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:IBM_AIX" title="Talk:IBM AIX">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Operating system</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">AIX</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:IBM_AIX_logo_(2021).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/IBM_AIX_logo_%282021%29.svg/200px-IBM_AIX_logo_%282021%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/IBM_AIX_logo_%282021%29.svg/300px-IBM_AIX_logo_%282021%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/IBM_AIX_logo_%282021%29.svg/400px-IBM_AIX_logo_%282021%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="123" data-file-height="49" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:IBM_AIX_screenshot.Png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/IBM_AIX_screenshot.Png/300px-IBM_AIX_screenshot.Png" decoding="async" width="300" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/IBM_AIX_screenshot.Png/450px-IBM_AIX_screenshot.Png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/IBM_AIX_screenshot.Png/600px-IBM_AIX_screenshot.Png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Screenshot of IBM AIX version 7.3</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programming_language" title="Programming language">Written in</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">OS family</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a> (<a href="/wiki/UNIX_System_V" title="UNIX System V">System V</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Working state</th><td class="infobox-data">Current</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Source model</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Closed_source" class="mw-redirect" title="Closed source">Closed source</a>; formerly <a href="/wiki/Source_available" class="mw-redirect" title="Source available">source available</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">February 1986<span class="noprint">; 39 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1986-02</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Latest release</a></th><td class="infobox-data">7.3 TL2<sup id="cite_ref-AIX73TL2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AIX73TL2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> / November 2023<span class="noprint">; 1 year ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2023-11</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Marketing target</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Workstation" title="Workstation">Workstation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Server_(computing)" title="Server (computing)">Server</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Platforms</th><td class="infobox-data">Current: <a href="/wiki/Power_ISA" title="Power ISA">Power ISA</a><br />Former: <a href="/wiki/IBM_ROMP" title="IBM ROMP">IBM ROMP</a>, <a href="/wiki/IBM_POWER_instruction_set_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM POWER instruction set architecture">IBM POWER</a>, <a href="/wiki/PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC</a>, <a href="/wiki/X86" title="X86">x86</a> (<a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2" title="IBM PS/2">IBM PS/2</a>), <a href="/wiki/System/370" class="mw-redirect" title="System/370">System/370</a>, <a href="/wiki/ESA/390" class="mw-redirect" title="ESA/390">ESA/390</a>, <a href="/wiki/IA-64" title="IA-64">IA-64</a> (<a href="/wiki/Itanium" title="Itanium">Itanium</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)" title="Kernel (operating system)">Kernel</a> type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Monolithic_kernel" title="Monolithic kernel">Monolithic</a> with <a href="/wiki/Loadable_kernel_module" title="Loadable kernel module">dynamically loadable modules</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/User_space_and_kernel_space" title="User space and kernel space">Userland</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/POSIX" title="POSIX">POSIX</a> / <a href="/wiki/Single_UNIX_Specification" title="Single UNIX Specification">SUS</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">Default<br />user interface</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/KornShell" title="KornShell">KornShell</a> (ksh88),<sup id="cite_ref-CannonTrent1999_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CannonTrent1999-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Common_Desktop_Environment" title="Common Desktop Environment">Common Desktop Environment</a>,<br />(<a href="/wiki/KDE_Plasma_Workspaces" class="mw-redirect" title="KDE Plasma Workspaces">Plasma Workspaces</a> and <a href="/wiki/GNOME" title="GNOME">GNOME</a> optional)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ibm.com/products/aix">ibm<wbr />.com<wbr />/products<wbr />/aix</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/History_of_IBM_mainframe_operating_systems" title="History of IBM mainframe operating systems">History of IBM mainframe operating systems</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Early mainframe computer OSes</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GM-NAA_I/O" title="GM-NAA I/O">GM OS & GM-NAA I/O</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BESYS" title="BESYS">BESYS</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan_Executive_System" title="University of Michigan Executive System">UMES</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SHARE_Operating_System" title="SHARE Operating System">SOS</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_7090/94_IBSYS" title="IBM 7090/94 IBSYS">IBSYS</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compatible_Time-Sharing_System" title="Compatible Time-Sharing System">MIT CTSS</a> (1961)</li> <li>7040/7044 Operating System (16/32K) (7040-PR-150)</li> <li>1410/7010 Operating System<br />(1410-PR-155)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Miscellaneous S/360 line OSes</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BOS/360" title="BOS/360">BOS/360</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DOS/360_and_successors#TOS/360" title="DOS/360 and successors">TOS/360</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSS_(operating_system)" title="TSS (operating system)">TSS/360</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Terminal_System" title="Michigan Terminal System">MTS</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ORVYL_and_WYLBUR" title="ORVYL and WYLBUR">ORVYL</a> (1967)</li> <li>RACS (1965) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Remote_Access_Computing" title="IBM Remote Access Computing">RAX</a> (1966) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MUSIC/SP" title="MUSIC/SP">MUSIC</a> (1972) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MUSIC/SP" title="MUSIC/SP">MUSIC/SP</a> (1985)</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/DOS/360_and_successors" title="DOS/360 and successors">DOS/360 and successors</a> (1966)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DOS/360_and_successors#DOS/360" title="DOS/360 and successors">DOS/360</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DOS/VS" class="mw-redirect" title="DOS/VS">DOS/VS</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DOS/VSE" class="mw-redirect" title="DOS/VSE">DOS/VSE</a> (1979) <ul><li>VSE/AF (1979)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VSE/SP" class="mw-redirect" title="VSE/SP">VSE/SP</a> (1983, 1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VSE/ESA" class="mw-redirect" title="VSE/ESA">VSE/ESA</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VSE_(operating_system)" title="VSE (operating system)">z/VSE</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VSE_(operating_system)" title="VSE (operating system)">VSE<sup>n</sup></a> (2021)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/OS/360_and_successors" title="OS/360 and successors">OS/360 and successors</a> (1966)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MFT_(operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="MFT (operating system)">MFT</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MFT_II" class="mw-redirect" title="MFT II">MFT II</a> (1968) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OS/VS1" title="OS/VS1">OS/VS1</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS/VS1_BPE" class="mw-redirect" title="OS/VS1 BPE">OS/VS1 BPE</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiprogramming_with_a_Variable_number_of_Tasks" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiprogramming with a Variable number of Tasks">MVT</a> (1967) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/65MP" class="mw-redirect" title="65MP">65MP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS/VS2_(SVS)" title="OS/VS2 (SVS)">OS/VS2R1</a> (SVS) (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MVS" title="MVS">MVS</a> (OS/VS2R2 and later) (1974) <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MVS/SE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MVS/SE (page does not exist)">MVS/SE</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MVS/SE_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MVS/SE 2 (page does not exist)">MVS/SE 2</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MVS/SP" class="mw-redirect" title="MVS/SP">MVS/SP</a> Version 1 (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MVS/XA" class="mw-redirect" title="MVS/XA">MVS/XA</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MVS/ESA" class="mw-redirect" title="MVS/ESA">MVS/ESA</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS/390" title="OS/390">OS/390</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z/OS" title="Z/OS">z/OS</a> (2000)</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_CP/CMS" title="History of CP/CMS">VM line</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_CP-40" title="IBM CP-40">CP-40</a><a href="/wiki/CP/CMS" title="CP/CMS">/CMS</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CP-67" title="CP-67">CP-67</a><a href="/wiki/CP/CMS" title="CP/CMS">/CMS</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP/CSS" title="VP/CSS">VP/CSS</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_(operating_system)" title="VM (operating system)">VM/370</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=VM/BSE_(BSEPP)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="VM/BSE (BSEPP) (page does not exist)">VM/BSE (BSEPP)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=VM/SE_(SEPP)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="VM/SE (SEPP) (page does not exist)">VM/SE (SEPP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_(operating_system)" title="VM (operating system)">VM/SP</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=VM/XA_MA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="VM/XA MA (page does not exist)">VM/XA MA</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=VM/XA_SF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="VM/XA SF (page does not exist)">VM/XA SF</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=VM/XA_SP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="VM/XA SP (page does not exist)">VM/XA SP</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_(operating_system)" title="VM (operating system)">VM/ESA</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z/VM" title="Z/VM">z/VM</a> (2000)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">TPF line</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Airline_Control_Program" title="IBM Airline Control Program">ACP</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transaction_Processing_Facility" title="Transaction Processing Facility">TPF</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z/TPF" class="mw-redirect" title="Z/TPF">z/TPF</a> (2005)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Unix" title="Unix">UNIX</a> and <a href="/wiki/Unix-like" title="Unix-like">Unix-like</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amdahl_UTS" title="Amdahl UTS">UTS</a> (1981)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#IBM_mainframes">AIX/370</a> (1990)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#IBM_mainframes">AIX/ESA</a> (1991)</li> <li>MVS/ESA <a href="/wiki/MVS#MVS.2FESA" title="MVS">OpenEdition</a> (1993)</li> <li>VM/ESA <a href="/wiki/VM_(operating_system)#OpenEdition_extensions" title="VM (operating system)">OpenEdition</a> (1995)</li> <li>OS/390 <a href="/wiki/UNIX_System_Services" title="UNIX System Services">UNIX System Services</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_on_IBM_Z" title="Linux on IBM Z">Linux</a> (1999)</li> <li>z/VM <a href="/wiki/VM_(operating_system)#OpenEdition_extensions" title="VM (operating system)">OpenExtensions</a> (2000)</li> <li>z/OS <a href="/wiki/UNIX_System_Services" title="UNIX System Services">UNIX System Services</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenSolaris_for_System_z" title="OpenSolaris for System z">OpenSolaris</a> (2008)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_IBM_mainframe_operating_systems" title="Template:History of IBM mainframe operating systems"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_IBM_mainframe_operating_systems" title="Template talk:History of IBM mainframe operating systems"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_IBM_mainframe_operating_systems" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of IBM mainframe operating systems"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>AIX</b> (pronounced <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="/./: syllable break">.</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="/./: syllable break">.</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">ay-eye-<span style="font-size:90%">EKS</span></i></a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) is a series of <a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">proprietary</a> <a href="/wiki/Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a> <a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating systems</a> developed and sold by <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> since 1986. The name stands for "Advanced Interactive eXecutive". Current versions are designed to work with <a href="/wiki/Power_ISA" title="Power ISA">Power ISA</a> based <a href="/wiki/Server_(computing)" title="Server (computing)">server</a> and <a href="/wiki/Workstation" title="Workstation">workstation</a> computers such as IBM's <a href="/wiki/IBM_Power_Systems" title="IBM Power Systems">Power</a> line. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Originally released for the <a href="/wiki/IBM_RT_PC" title="IBM RT PC">IBM RT PC</a> <a href="/wiki/Reduced_instruction_set_computer" title="Reduced instruction set computer">RISC</a> <a href="/wiki/Workstation" title="Workstation">workstation</a> in 1986, AIX has supported a wide range of hardware platforms, including the IBM <a href="/wiki/IBM_RS/6000" title="IBM RS/6000">RS/6000</a> series and later <a href="/wiki/IBM_Power_microprocessors" title="IBM Power microprocessors">Power</a> and <a href="/wiki/PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC</a>-based systems, <a href="/wiki/IBM_System_i" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM System i">IBM System i</a>, <a href="/wiki/System/370" class="mw-redirect" title="System/370">System/370</a> mainframes, <a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2" title="IBM PS/2">PS/2</a> personal computers, and the <a href="/wiki/Apple_Network_Server" title="Apple Network Server">Apple Network Server</a>. Currently, it is supported on <a href="/wiki/IBM_Power_Systems" title="IBM Power Systems">IBM Power Systems</a> alongside <a href="/wiki/IBM_i" title="IBM i">IBM i</a> and <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>. </p><p>AIX is based on <a href="/wiki/UNIX_System_V" title="UNIX System V">UNIX System V</a> with <a href="/wiki/4.3BSD" class="mw-redirect" title="4.3BSD">4.3BSD</a>-compatible extensions. It is certified to the UNIX 03 and UNIX V7 specifications of the <a href="/wiki/Single_UNIX_Specification" title="Single UNIX Specification">Single UNIX Specification</a>, beginning with AIX versions 5.3 and 7.2 TL5, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Older versions were certified to the UNIX 95 and UNIX 98 specifications.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>AIX was the first operating system to implement a <a href="/wiki/Journaling_file_system" title="Journaling file system">journaling file system</a>. IBM has continuously enhanced the software with features such as processor, disk, and network <a href="/wiki/Virtualization" title="Virtualization">virtualization</a>, dynamic hardware resource allocation (including fractional processor units), and <a href="/wiki/Reliability_engineering" title="Reliability engineering">reliability engineering</a> concepts derived from its <a href="/wiki/Mainframe_computer" title="Mainframe computer">mainframe</a> designs.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IBM_RS6000_AIX_File_Servers_IBM.COM_1998.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/IBM_RS6000_AIX_File_Servers_IBM.COM_1998.jpeg/220px-IBM_RS6000_AIX_File_Servers_IBM.COM_1998.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/IBM_RS6000_AIX_File_Servers_IBM.COM_1998.jpeg/330px-IBM_RS6000_AIX_File_Servers_IBM.COM_1998.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/IBM_RS6000_AIX_File_Servers_IBM.COM_1998.jpeg/440px-IBM_RS6000_AIX_File_Servers_IBM.COM_1998.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> <a href="/wiki/RS/6000" class="mw-redirect" title="RS/6000">RS/6000</a> AIX file servers used for <i>IBM.com</i> in the 1990s</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IBM_AIX_4_Login_Prompt.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/IBM_AIX_4_Login_Prompt.jpeg/220px-IBM_AIX_4_Login_Prompt.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/IBM_AIX_4_Login_Prompt.jpeg/330px-IBM_AIX_4_Login_Prompt.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/IBM_AIX_4_Login_Prompt.jpeg/440px-IBM_AIX_4_Login_Prompt.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1936" /></a><figcaption>AIX Version 4 console login prompt</figcaption></figure> <p>Unix began in the early 1970s at <a href="/wiki/AT%26T_Corporation" title="AT&T Corporation">AT&T</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Bell_Labs" title="Bell Labs">Bell Labs</a> research center, running on <a href="/wiki/Digital_Equipment_Corporation" title="Digital Equipment Corporation">DEC</a> <a href="/wiki/Minicomputer" title="Minicomputer">minicomputers</a>. By 1976, the operating system was used in various academic institutions, including <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton</a>, where Tom Lyon and others ported it to the <a href="/wiki/IBM_System/370" title="IBM System/370">S/370</a> to run as a guest OS under <a href="/wiki/VM_(operating_system)" title="VM (operating system)">VM/370</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-johnsonport_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-johnsonport-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This port later grew into <a href="/wiki/Amdahl_UTS" title="Amdahl UTS">UTS</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a mainframe Unix offering from IBM's competitor <a href="/wiki/Amdahl_Corporation" title="Amdahl Corporation">Amdahl Corporation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-UTS_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UTS-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>IBM's involvement with Unix began in 1979 when it assisted Bell Labs in porting Unix to the S/370 platform to be used as a <a href="/wiki/Software_build" title="Software build">build host</a> for the <a href="/wiki/5ESS_switch" class="mw-redirect" title="5ESS switch">5ESS switch</a>'s software. During this process, IBM made modifications to the <a href="/wiki/TSS/370" class="mw-redirect" title="TSS/370">TSS/370</a> Resident Supervisor to better support Unix.<sup id="cite_ref-att-s370-unix_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-att-s370-unix-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1984, IBM introduced its own Unix variant for the S/370 platform called VM/IX, developed by <a href="/wiki/Interactive_Systems_Corporation" title="Interactive Systems Corporation">Interactive Systems Corporation</a> using Unix System III. However, VM/IX was only available as a PRPQ (Programming Request for Price Quotation) and was not a General Availability product. It was replaced in 1985 by IBM IX/370, a fully supported product based on AT&T's Unix/360 6th Edition, later updated to Unix System V.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1986, IBM introduced AIX Version 1 for the <a href="/wiki/IBM_RT_PC" title="IBM RT PC">IBM RT PC</a> workstation. It was based on <a href="/wiki/UNIX_System_V" title="UNIX System V">UNIX System V</a> Releases 1 and 2, incorporating source code from 4.2 and 4.3 <a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Standard_Distribution" class="mw-redirect" title="Berkeley Standard Distribution">BSD</a> UNIX.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>AIX Version 2 followed in 1987 for the RT PC.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1990, AIX Version 3 was released for the <a href="/wiki/IBM_POWER_architecture" title="IBM POWER architecture">POWER</a>-based <a href="/wiki/IBM_RS/6000" title="IBM RS/6000">RS/6000</a> platform.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It became the primary operating system for the RS/6000 series, which was later renamed <i><a href="/wiki/IBM_eServer" title="IBM eServer">IBM eServer</a> pSeries</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/IBM_System_p" title="IBM System p">IBM System p</a></i>, and finally <i><a href="/wiki/IBM_Power_Systems" title="IBM Power Systems">IBM Power Systems</a></i>. </p><p>AIX Version 4, introduced in 1994, added <a href="/wiki/Symmetric_multiprocessing" title="Symmetric multiprocessing">symmetric multiprocessing</a> and evolved through the 1990s, culminating with AIX 4.3.3 in 1999. A modified version of Version 4.1 was also used as the standard OS for the <a href="/wiki/Apple_Network_Server" title="Apple Network Server">Apple Network Server</a> line by <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple Computer</a>. </p><p>In the late 1990s, under <a href="/wiki/Project_Monterey" title="Project Monterey">Project Monterey</a>, IBM and the <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_Operation" title="Santa Cruz Operation">Santa Cruz Operation</a> attempted to integrate AIX and <a href="/wiki/UnixWare" title="UnixWare">UnixWare</a> into a multiplatform Unix for <a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a> <a href="/wiki/Itanium" title="Itanium">IA-64</a> architecture. The project was discontinued in 2002 after limited commercial success.<sup id="cite_ref-Jury_verdict_2010_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jury_verdict_2010-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2003, the <a href="/wiki/SCO_Group" title="SCO Group">SCO Group</a> filed a lawsuit against IBM, alleging misappropriation of <a href="/wiki/UNIX_System_V" title="UNIX System V">UNIX System V</a> source code in AIX. The case was resolved in 2010 when a jury ruled that <a href="/wiki/Novell" title="Novell">Novell</a> owned the rights to Unix, not SCO.<sup id="cite_ref-Jury_verdict_2010_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jury_verdict_2010-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AIX_logo_old.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/AIX_logo_old.svg/170px-AIX_logo_old.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/AIX_logo_old.svg/255px-AIX_logo_old.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/AIX_logo_old.svg/340px-AIX_logo_old.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="466" /></a><figcaption>Old logo</figcaption></figure> <p>AIX 6 was announced in May 2007 and became generally available on November 9, 2007. Key features included <a href="/wiki/Role-based_access_control" title="Role-based access control">role-based access control</a>, <a href="/wiki/Workload_partitions" class="mw-redirect" title="Workload partitions">workload partitions</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Live_Partition_Mobility" title="Live Partition Mobility">Live Partition Mobility</a>. </p><p>AIX 7.1 was released in September 2010 with enhancements such as Cluster Aware AIX and support for large-scale memory and real-time application requirements.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Supported_hardware_platforms">Supported hardware platforms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Supported hardware platforms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IBM_RT_PC">IBM RT PC</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: IBM RT PC"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The original AIX (sometimes called <b>AIX/RT</b>) was developed for the IBM RT PC workstation by IBM in conjunction with <a href="/wiki/Interactive_Systems_Corporation" title="Interactive Systems Corporation">Interactive Systems Corporation</a>, who had previously ported <a href="/wiki/UNIX_System_III" title="UNIX System III">UNIX System III</a> to the <a href="/wiki/IBM_PC" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM PC">IBM PC</a> for IBM as <a href="/wiki/PC/IX" class="mw-redirect" title="PC/IX">PC/IX</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CW86_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CW86-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to its developers, the AIX source (for this initial version) consisted of one million lines of code.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Installation media consisted of eight <a href="/wiki/Floppy_disk" title="Floppy disk">1.2M floppy disks</a>. The RT was based on the <a href="/wiki/IBM_ROMP" title="IBM ROMP">IBM ROMP</a> <a href="/wiki/Microprocessor" title="Microprocessor">microprocessor</a>, the first commercial <a href="/wiki/RISC" class="mw-redirect" title="RISC">RISC</a> chip. This was based on a design pioneered at IBM Research (the <a href="/wiki/IBM_801" title="IBM 801">IBM 801</a>). </p><p>One of the novel aspects of the RT design was the use of a <a href="/wiki/Microkernel" title="Microkernel">microkernel</a>, called Virtual Resource Manager (VRM). The keyboard, mouse, display, disk drives and network were all controlled by a microkernel. One could "hotkey" from one operating system to the next using the Alt-Tab key combination. Each OS in turn would get possession of the keyboard, mouse and display. Besides AIX v2, the <a href="/wiki/PICK_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="PICK OS">PICK OS</a> also included this microkernel. </p><p>Much of the AIX v2 kernel was written in the <a href="/wiki/PL.8" title="PL.8">PL.8</a> programming language, which proved troublesome during the migration to AIX v3.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> AIX v2 included full <a href="/wiki/TCP/IP" class="mw-redirect" title="TCP/IP">TCP/IP</a> networking, as well as <a href="/wiki/Systems_Network_Architecture" title="Systems Network Architecture">SNA</a> and two networking file systems: <a href="/wiki/Network_File_System_(protocol)" class="mw-redirect" title="Network File System (protocol)">NFS</a>, licensed from <a href="/wiki/Sun_Microsystems" title="Sun Microsystems">Sun Microsystems</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Distributed_Services&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Distributed Services (page does not exist)">Distributed Services</a> (DS). DS had the distinction of being built on top of SNA, and thereby being fully compatible with DS on <span class="cleanup-needed-content" style="padding-left:0.1em; padding-right:0.1em; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); border:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle, #c8ccd1);">IBM mainframe systems</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="which operating systems? (October 2021)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and on midrange systems running <a href="/wiki/OS/400" class="mw-redirect" title="OS/400">OS/400</a> through <a href="/wiki/IBM_i" title="IBM i">IBM i</a>. For the graphical user interfaces, AIX v2 came with the X10R3 and later the X10R4 and X11 versions of the <a href="/wiki/X_Window_System" title="X Window System">X Window System</a> from MIT, together with the <a href="/wiki/Xaw" class="mw-redirect" title="Xaw">Athena widget set</a>. Compilers for <a href="/wiki/Fortran" title="Fortran">Fortran</a> and <a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a> were available. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IBM_PS/2_series"><span id="IBM_PS.2F2_series"></span>IBM PS/2 series</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: IBM PS/2 series"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aix-1.3-ps2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="AIX PS/2 1.3 console login" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Aix-1.3-ps2.png/220px-Aix-1.3-ps2.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Aix-1.3-ps2.png/330px-Aix-1.3-ps2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Aix-1.3-ps2.png/440px-Aix-1.3-ps2.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="350" /></a><figcaption>AIX PS/2 1.3 console login</figcaption></figure> <p><b>AIX PS/2</b> (also known as <b>AIX/386</b>) was developed by <a href="/wiki/Locus_Computing_Corporation" title="Locus Computing Corporation">Locus Computing Corporation</a> under contract to IBM.<sup id="cite_ref-CW86_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CW86-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> AIX PS/2, first released in October 1988,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ran on <a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2" title="IBM PS/2">IBM PS/2</a> personal computers with <a href="/wiki/Intel_386" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel 386">Intel 386</a> and compatible processors. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aix-1.3-ps2-dt.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="AIX PS/2 1.3 AIXwindows Desktop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1e/Aix-1.3-ps2-dt.png/250px-Aix-1.3-ps2-dt.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1e/Aix-1.3-ps2-dt.png/330px-Aix-1.3-ps2-dt.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1e/Aix-1.3-ps2-dt.png/500px-Aix-1.3-ps2-dt.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>AIX PS/2 1.3 AIXwindows Desktop</figcaption></figure> <p>The product was announced in September 1988 with a baseline tag price of $595, although some utilities, such as <a href="/wiki/UUCP" title="UUCP">UUCP</a>, were included in a separate Extension package priced at $250. <a href="/wiki/Nroff" title="Nroff">nroff</a> and <a href="/wiki/Troff" title="Troff">troff</a> for AIX were also sold separately in a Text Formatting System package priced at $200. The <a href="/wiki/TCP/IP" class="mw-redirect" title="TCP/IP">TCP/IP</a> stack for AIX PS/2 retailed for another $300. The <a href="/wiki/X_Window_System" title="X Window System">X Window System</a> package was priced at $195, and featured a graphical environment called the <b>AIXwindows Desktop</b>, based on <a href="/wiki/IXI_Limited" title="IXI Limited">IXI's</a> <a href="/wiki/X.desktop" title="X.desktop">X.desktop</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The C and FORTRAN compilers each had a price tag of $275. Locus also made available their <a href="/wiki/DOS_Merge" class="mw-redirect" title="DOS Merge">DOS Merge</a> virtual machine environment for AIX, which could run MS DOS 3.3 applications inside AIX; DOS Merge was sold separately for another $250.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> IBM also offered a $150 AIX PS/2 DOS Server Program, which provided <a href="/wiki/File_server" title="File server">file server</a> and <a href="/wiki/Print_server" title="Print server">print server</a> services for client computers running PC DOS 3.3.<sup id="cite_ref-Enterprise1988_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Enterprise1988-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The last version of PS/2 AIX is 1.3. It was released in 1992 and announced to add support for non-IBM (non-microchannel) computers as well.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Support for PS/2 AIX ended in March 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IBM_mainframes"><span class="anchor" id="AIX/370"></span><span class="anchor" id="AIX/ESA"></span><span class="anchor" id="AIX/390"></span>IBM mainframes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: IBM mainframes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1988, IBM announced <b>AIX/370</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-ENUS288-130_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENUS288-130-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> also developed by Locus Computing. AIX/370 was IBM's fourth attempt to offer <a href="/wiki/Unix-like" title="Unix-like">Unix-like</a> functionality for their mainframe line, specifically the <a href="/wiki/IBM_System/370" title="IBM System/370">System/370</a> (the prior versions were a <a href="/wiki/TSS_(operating_system)" title="TSS (operating system)">TSS/370</a>-based Unix system developed jointly with AT&T c.1980,<sup id="cite_ref-att-s370-unix_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-att-s370-unix-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <a href="/wiki/VM/370" class="mw-redirect" title="VM/370">VM/370</a>-based system named <b>VM/IX</b> developed jointly with <a href="/wiki/Interactive_Systems_Corporation" title="Interactive Systems Corporation">Interactive Systems Corporation</a> c.1984,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and a <a href="/wiki/VM/370" class="mw-redirect" title="VM/370">VM/370</a>-based version of TSS/370<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> named <b>IX/370</b> which was upgraded to be compatible with <a href="/wiki/UNIX_System_V" title="UNIX System V">UNIX System V</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>). AIX/370 was released in 1990 with functional equivalence to System V Release 2 and 4.3BSD as well as IBM enhancements. With the introduction of the <a href="/wiki/IBM_System/390" title="IBM System/390">ESA/390</a> architecture, AIX/370 was replaced by <b>AIX/ESA</b><sup id="cite_ref-ENUS292-183_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENUS292-183-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 1991, which was based on <a href="/wiki/OSF/1" title="OSF/1">OSF/1</a>, and also ran on the <a href="/wiki/IBM_System/390" title="IBM System/390">System/390</a> platform. This development effort was made partly to allow IBM to compete with <a href="/wiki/Amdahl_Corporation" title="Amdahl Corporation">Amdahl</a> <a href="/wiki/Amdahl_UTS" title="Amdahl UTS">UTS</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Unlike AIX/370, AIX/ESA ran both natively as the host operating system, and as a guest under <a href="/wiki/VM_(operating_system)" title="VM (operating system)">VM</a>. AIX/ESA, while technically advanced, had little commercial success, partially because<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> UNIX functionality was added as an option to the existing mainframe operating system, <a href="/wiki/MVS" title="MVS">MVS</a>, as <a href="/wiki/MVS/ESA" class="mw-redirect" title="MVS/ESA">MVS/ESA SP Version 4 Release 3 OpenEdition</a><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 1994, and continued as an integral part of MVS/ESA SP Version 5, OS/390 and z/OS, with the name eventually changing from <i>OpenEdition</i> to <i>Unix System Services</i>. IBM also provided OpenEdition in VM/ESA Version 2<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> through z/VM. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IA-64_systems">IA-64 systems</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: IA-64 systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As part of <a href="/wiki/Project_Monterey" title="Project Monterey">Project Monterey</a>, IBM released a <a href="/wiki/Beta_test" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta test">beta test</a> version of AIX 5L for the IA-64 (<a href="/wiki/Itanium" title="Itanium">Itanium</a>) architecture in 2001, but this never became an official product due to lack of interest.<sup id="cite_ref-ibm-mail-project-monterey_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ibm-mail-project-monterey-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Apple_Network_Servers">Apple Network Servers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Apple Network Servers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Apple_Network_Server" title="Apple Network Server">Apple Network Server</a> (ANS) systems were PowerPC-based systems designed by <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple Computer</a> to have numerous high-end features that standard Apple hardware did not have, including swappable hard drives, redundant power supplies, and external monitoring capability. These systems were more or less based on the <a href="/wiki/Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> hardware available at the time but were designed to use AIX (versions 4.1.4 or 4.1.5) as their native operating system in a specialized version specific to the ANS called AIX for Apple Network Servers. </p><p>AIX was only compatible with the Network Servers and was not ported to standard Power Macintosh hardware. It should not be confused with <a href="/wiki/A/UX" title="A/UX">A/UX</a>, Apple's earlier version of Unix for <a href="/wiki/Motorola_68000_series" title="Motorola 68000 series">68k</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Mac_(computer)" title="Mac (computer)">Macintoshes</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="POWER_ISA/PowerPC/Power_ISA-based_systems"><span id="POWER_ISA.2FPowerPC.2FPower_ISA-based_systems"></span>POWER ISA/PowerPC/Power ISA-based systems</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: POWER ISA/PowerPC/Power ISA-based systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IBM_RS6000_AIX_Servers_IBM.COM_1998_(1).jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/IBM_RS6000_AIX_Servers_IBM.COM_1998_%281%29.jpeg/220px-IBM_RS6000_AIX_Servers_IBM.COM_1998_%281%29.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/IBM_RS6000_AIX_Servers_IBM.COM_1998_%281%29.jpeg/330px-IBM_RS6000_AIX_Servers_IBM.COM_1998_%281%29.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/IBM_RS6000_AIX_Servers_IBM.COM_1998_%281%29.jpeg/440px-IBM_RS6000_AIX_Servers_IBM.COM_1998_%281%29.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>AIX <a href="/wiki/RS/6000" class="mw-redirect" title="RS/6000">RS/6000</a> <a href="/wiki/Network_server" class="mw-redirect" title="Network server">servers</a> running <i>IBM.com</i> in early 1998</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IBM_RS6000_AIX_Servers_IBM.COM_1998_(2).jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/IBM_RS6000_AIX_Servers_IBM.COM_1998_%282%29.jpeg/220px-IBM_RS6000_AIX_Servers_IBM.COM_1998_%282%29.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/IBM_RS6000_AIX_Servers_IBM.COM_1998_%282%29.jpeg/330px-IBM_RS6000_AIX_Servers_IBM.COM_1998_%282%29.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/IBM_RS6000_AIX_Servers_IBM.COM_1998_%282%29.jpeg/440px-IBM_RS6000_AIX_Servers_IBM.COM_1998_%282%29.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>AIX <a href="/wiki/RS/6000" class="mw-redirect" title="RS/6000">RS/6000</a> <a href="/wiki/Network_server" class="mw-redirect" title="Network server">servers</a> running <i>IBM.com</i> in early 1998</figcaption></figure> <p>The release of AIX version 3 (sometimes called <b>AIX/6000</b>) coincided with the announcement of the first <a href="/wiki/POWER1" title="POWER1">POWER1</a>-based IBM <a href="/wiki/IBM_RS/6000" title="IBM RS/6000">RS/6000</a> models in 1990. </p><p>AIX v3 innovated in several ways on the software side. It was the first operating system to introduce the idea of a <a href="/wiki/Journaling_file_system" title="Journaling file system">journaling file system</a>, <a href="/wiki/JFS_(file_system)" title="JFS (file system)">JFS</a>, which allowed for fast boot times by avoiding the need to ensure the consistency of the file systems on disks (see <a href="/wiki/Fsck" title="Fsck">fsck</a>) on every reboot. Another innovation was <a href="/wiki/Shared_library" title="Shared library">shared libraries</a> which avoid the need for static linking from an application to the libraries it used. The resulting smaller binaries used less of the hardware RAM to run, and used less disk space to install. Besides improving performance, it was a boon to developers: executable binaries could be in the tens of <a href="/wiki/Kilobyte" title="Kilobyte">kilobytes</a> instead of a megabyte for an executable statically linked to the <a href="/wiki/C_standard_library" title="C standard library">C library</a>. AIX v3 also scrapped the microkernel of AIX v2, a contentious move that resulted in v3 containing no <a href="/wiki/PL.8" title="PL.8">PL.8</a> code and being somewhat more "pure" than v2. </p><p>Other notable subsystems included: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IRIS_GL" title="IRIS GL">IRIS GL</a>, a 3D rendering library, the progenitor of <a href="/wiki/OpenGL" title="OpenGL">OpenGL</a>. IRIS GL was licensed by IBM from <a href="/wiki/Silicon_Graphics" title="Silicon Graphics">SGI</a> in 1987, then still a fairly small company, which had sold only a few thousand machines at the time. SGI also provided the low-end graphics card for the RS/6000, capable of drawing 20,000 <a href="/wiki/Gouraud_shading" title="Gouraud shading">gouraud-shaded</a> triangles per second. The high-end graphics card was designed by IBM, a follow-on to the mainframe-attached <a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_5080&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM 5080 (page does not exist)">IBM 5080</a>, capable of rendering 990,000 vectors per second.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PHIGS" title="PHIGS">PHIGS</a>, another <a href="/wiki/3D_rendering_API" class="mw-redirect" title="3D rendering API">3D rendering API</a>, popular in automotive CAD/CAM circles, and at the core of <a href="/wiki/CATIA" title="CATIA">CATIA</a>.</li> <li>Full implementation of version 11 of the <a href="/wiki/X_Window_System" title="X Window System">X Window System</a>, together with <a href="/wiki/Motif_(software)" title="Motif (software)">Motif</a> as the recommended widget toolkit and window manager.</li> <li>Network file systems: <a href="/wiki/Network_File_System" title="Network File System">NFS</a> from <a href="/wiki/Sun_Microsystems" title="Sun Microsystems">Sun</a>; AFS, the <a href="/wiki/Andrew_File_System" title="Andrew File System">Andrew File System</a>; and DFS, the <a href="/wiki/DCE_Distributed_File_System" title="DCE Distributed File System">Distributed File System</a>.</li> <li>NCS, the <a href="/wiki/Network_Computing_System" title="Network Computing System">Network Computing System</a>, licensed from <a href="/wiki/Apollo_Computer" title="Apollo Computer">Apollo Computer</a> (later acquired by <a href="/wiki/Hewlett-Packard" title="Hewlett-Packard">HP</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Display_PostScript" title="Display PostScript">DPS</a> on-screen display system. This was notable as a "plan B" in case the X11+Motif combination failed in the marketplace. However, it was highly proprietary, supported only by Sun, <a href="/wiki/NeXT" title="NeXT">NeXT</a>, and IBM. This cemented its failure in the marketplace in the face of the <a href="/wiki/Open_system_(computing)" title="Open system (computing)">open systems</a> challenge of X11+Motif and its lack of 3D capability.</li></ul> <p>In addition, AIX applications can run in the <a href="/wiki/IBM_i#PASE" title="IBM i">PASE</a> subsystem under <a href="/wiki/IBM_i" title="IBM i">IBM i</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Source_code">Source code</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Source code"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>IBM formerly made the AIX for RS/6000 source code available to customers for a fee; in 1991, IBM customers could order the AIX 3.0 source code for a one-time charge of US$60,000;<sup id="cite_ref-:0_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> subsequently, IBM released the AIX 3.1 source code in 1992,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and AIX 3.2 in 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These source code distributions excluded certain files (authored by third-parties) which IBM did not have rights to redistribute, and also excluded layered products such as the MS-DOS emulator and the C compiler. Furthermore, in order to be able to license the AIX source code, the customer first had to procure source code license agreements with AT&T and the University of California, Berkeley.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Versions">Versions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Versions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IBM_AIX_53.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="AIX 5.3 welcome banner" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/10/IBM_AIX_53.PNG/250px-IBM_AIX_53.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/10/IBM_AIX_53.PNG/330px-IBM_AIX_53.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/10/IBM_AIX_53.PNG 2x" data-file-width="355" data-file-height="281" /></a><figcaption>The default login banner for AIX 5.3 on PowerPC</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="POWER/PowerPC/Power_ISA_releases"><span id="POWER.2FPowerPC.2FPower_ISA_releases"></span>POWER/PowerPC/Power ISA releases</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: POWER/PowerPC/Power ISA releases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin-left:1em; margin-right:0"> <tbody><tr> <th>Version</th> <th>Release date</th> <th>End of support date </th></tr> <tr> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-unsupported" title="Old version, not maintained" data-sort-value="5L 5.1"><span style="display: none;">Old version, not maintained:</span> 5L 5.1 </td> <td>May 4, 2001<span class="noprint">; 23 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2001-05-04</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-archived-aix-5-dates_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archived-aix-5-dates-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>April 1, 2006<span class="noprint">; 18 years ago</span><span style="display: none;"> (<span class="dtend">2006-04-01</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-archived-aix-5-dates_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archived-aix-5-dates-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-unsupported" title="Old version, not maintained" data-sort-value="5L 5.2"><span style="display: none;">Old version, not maintained:</span> 5L 5.2 </td> <td>October 18, 2002<span class="noprint">; 22 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2002-10-18</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-archived-aix-5-dates_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archived-aix-5-dates-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>April 30, 2009<span class="noprint">; 15 years ago</span><span style="display: none;"> (<span class="dtend">2009-04-30</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-archived-aix-5-dates_35-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archived-aix-5-dates-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-unsupported" title="Old version, not maintained" data-sort-value="5L 5.3"><span style="display: none;">Old version, not maintained:</span> 5L 5.3 </td> <td>August 13, 2004<span class="noprint">; 20 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2004-08-13</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-archived-aix-5-dates_35-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archived-aix-5-dates-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>April 30, 2012<span class="noprint">; 12 years ago</span><span style="display: none;"> (<span class="dtend">2012-04-30</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-archived-aix-5-dates_35-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archived-aix-5-dates-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-unsupported" title="Old version, not maintained" data-sort-value="6.1"><span style="display: none;">Old version, not maintained:</span> 6.1 </td> <td>November 9, 2007<span class="noprint">; 17 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2007-11-09</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-anouncement-letter-207-271_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anouncement-letter-207-271-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>April 30, 2017<span class="noprint">; 7 years ago</span><span style="display: none;"> (<span class="dtend">2017-04-30</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-aix=6.1-withdrawal_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aix=6.1-withdrawal-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-unsupported" title="Old version, not maintained" data-sort-value="7.1"><span style="display: none;">Old version, not maintained:</span> 7.1 </td> <td>September 10, 2010<span class="noprint">; 14 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2010-09-10</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>April 30, 2023<span class="noprint">; 22 months ago</span><span style="display: none;"> (<span class="dtend">2023-04-30</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-maintained" title="Old version, still maintained" data-sort-value="7.2"><span style="display: none;">Old version, still maintained:</span> 7.2 </td> <td>December 4, 2015<span class="noprint">; 9 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2015-12-04</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: #DDF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="skin-invert no table-no2"><abbr title="To be announced">TBA</abbr> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion c swatch-latest" title="Latest version" data-sort-value="7.3"><span style="display: none;">Latest version:</span> <b>7.3</b> </td> <td>December 10, 2021<span class="noprint">; 3 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2021-12-10</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: #DDF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="skin-invert no table-no2"><abbr title="To be announced">TBA</abbr> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"><small><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1277105988">.mw-parser-output .version-legend{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;column-gap:12px}.mw-parser-output .version-legend-vertical{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;column-gap:4px;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .version-legend .legend-item,.mw-parser-output .version-legend-vertical .legend-item{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column;gap:4px}.mw-parser-output .version-legend .legend-item .swatch,.mw-parser-output .version-legend-vertical .legend-item .swatch{display:inline-block;width:1.25em;height:1.25em;border:1px solid #aaa;margin-top:1px}.mw-parser-output .swatch-unsupported{background-color:#fdb3ab}.mw-parser-output .swatch-maintained{background-color:#fef8c6}.mw-parser-output .swatch-latest{background-color:#d4f4b4}.mw-parser-output .swatch-preview{background-color:#fed1a0}.mw-parser-output .swatch-future{background-color:#c1e6f5}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .version-legend .legend-item .swatch,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .version-legend-vertical .legend-item .swatch{border-color:#72777d}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .swatch-unsupported{background-color:#421511}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .swatch-maintained{background-color:#443f19}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .swatch-latest{background-color:#2b4115}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .swatch-preview{background-color:#4b3114}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .swatch-future{background-color:#143b4b}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .version-legend .legend-item .swatch,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .version-legend-vertical .legend-item .swatch{border-color:#72777d}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .swatch-unsupported{background-color:#421511}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .swatch-maintained{background-color:#443f19}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .swatch-latest{background-color:#2b4115}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .swatch-preview{background-color:#4b3114}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .swatch-future{background-color:#143b4b}}</style><div class="templateVersion l version-legend" style=""><div style=""><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><b>Legend:</b></span></div><div style="display: flex;" class="legend-item"><span class="swatch swatch-unsupported"></span>Old version, not maintained</div><div style="display: flex;" class="legend-item"><span class="swatch swatch-maintained"></span>Old version, still maintained</div><div style="display: flex;" class="legend-item"><span class="swatch swatch-latest"></span><b>Latest version</b></div><div style="display: none;" class="legend-item"><span class="swatch swatch-preview"></span>Latest preview version</div><div style="display: none;" class="legend-item"><span class="swatch swatch-future"></span>Future version</div></div></small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>AIX V7.3, December 10, 2021<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Requires <a href="/wiki/POWER8" title="POWER8">POWER8</a> or newer CPUs</li></ul></li> <li>AIX V7.2, October 5, 2015<sup id="cite_ref-IBM_AIX_7.2_Announcement_Letter_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IBM_AIX_7.2_Announcement_Letter-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Live update for Interim Fixes, Service Packs and Technology Levels –  replaces the entire AIX kernel without impacting applications</li> <li>Flash based filesystem caching</li> <li>Cluster Aware AIX automation with repository replacement mechanism</li> <li>SRIOV-backed VNIC, or dedicated VNIC virtualized network adapter support</li> <li>RDSv3 over <a href="/wiki/RDMA_over_Converged_Ethernet" title="RDMA over Converged Ethernet">RoCE</a> adds support of the Oracle RDSv3 protocol over the Mellanox Connect RoCE adapters</li> <li>Supports secure boot on <a href="/wiki/POWER9" title="POWER9">POWER9</a> systems.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Requires <a href="/wiki/POWER7" title="POWER7">POWER7</a> or newer CPUs</li></ul></li> <li>AIX V7.1, September 10, 2010<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Support for 256 cores / 1024 threads in a single LPAR</li> <li>The ability to run AIX V5.2 or V5.3 inside of a Workload Partition</li> <li>An XML profile based system configuration management utility</li> <li>Support for export of Fibre Channel adapters to WPARs</li> <li>VIOS disk support in a WPAR</li> <li>Cluster Aware AIX</li> <li>AIX Event infrastructure</li> <li>Role-based access control (RBAC) with domain support for multi-tenant environments</li> <li>Requires <a href="/wiki/POWER4" title="POWER4">POWER4</a> or newer CPUs</li></ul></li> <li>AIX V6.1, November 9, 2007<sup id="cite_ref-anouncement-letter-207-271_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anouncement-letter-207-271-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Workload_Partitions" title="Workload Partitions">Workload Partitions</a> (WPARs) <a href="/wiki/Operating_system-level_virtualization" class="mw-redirect" title="Operating system-level virtualization">operating system-level virtualization</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Live_Application_Mobility&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Live Application Mobility (page does not exist)">Live Application Mobility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_Partition_Mobility" title="Live Partition Mobility">Live Partition Mobility</a></li> <li>Security <ul><li>Role Based Access Control <a href="/wiki/RBAC" class="mw-redirect" title="RBAC">RBAC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AIX_Security_Expert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AIX Security Expert (page does not exist)">AIX Security Expert</a> –  a system and network security hardening tool</li> <li>Encrypting <a href="/wiki/JFS2" class="mw-redirect" title="JFS2">JFS2</a> filesystem</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trusted_AIX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trusted AIX (page does not exist)">Trusted AIX</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trusted_Execution&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trusted Execution (page does not exist)">Trusted Execution</a></li></ul></li> <li>Integrated Electronic Service Agent for auto error reporting</li> <li>Concurrent Kernel Maintenance</li> <li>Kernel exploitation of <a href="/wiki/POWER6" title="POWER6">POWER6</a> storage keys</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ProbeVue" title="ProbeVue">ProbeVue</a> dynamic tracing</li> <li>Systems Director Console for AIX</li> <li>Integrated <a href="/wiki/Snapshot_(computer_storage)" title="Snapshot (computer storage)">filesystem snapshot</a></li> <li>Requires <a href="/wiki/POWER4" title="POWER4">POWER4</a> or newer CPUs</li> <li>AIX 6 withdrawn from Marketing effective April 2016 and from Support effective April 2017<sup id="cite_ref-aix=6.1-withdrawal_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aix=6.1-withdrawal-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>AIX 5L 5.3,<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> August 13, 2004,<sup id="cite_ref-archived-aix-5-dates_35-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archived-aix-5-dates-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> end of support April 30, 2012<sup id="cite_ref-archived-aix-5-dates_35-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archived-aix-5-dates-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Network_File_System_(protocol)" class="mw-redirect" title="Network File System (protocol)">NFS</a> Version 4</li> <li>Advanced Accounting</li> <li>Virtual <a href="/wiki/SCSI" title="SCSI">SCSI</a></li> <li>Virtual <a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a></li> <li>Exploitation of <a href="/wiki/Simultaneous_multithreading" title="Simultaneous multithreading">Simultaneous multithreading</a> (SMT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micro-Partitioning" title="Micro-Partitioning">Micro-Partitioning</a> enablement</li> <li>POWER5 exploitation</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Journaled_File_System_2_(JFS2)" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM Journaled File System 2 (JFS2)">JFS2</a> quotas</li> <li>Ability to shrink a <a href="/wiki/JFS2" class="mw-redirect" title="JFS2">JFS2</a> filesystem</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kernel_scheduler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kernel scheduler (page does not exist)">Kernel scheduler</a> has been enhanced to dynamically increase and decrease the use of virtual processors.</li></ul></li> <li>AIX 5L 5.2,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> October 18, 2002,<sup id="cite_ref-archived-aix-5-dates_35-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archived-aix-5-dates-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> end of support April 30, 2009<sup id="cite_ref-archived-aix-5-dates_35-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archived-aix-5-dates-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Ability to run on the IBM <a href="/wiki/BladeCenter" class="mw-redirect" title="BladeCenter">BladeCenter</a> JS20 with the <a href="/wiki/PowerPC_970" title="PowerPC 970">PowerPC 970</a></li> <li>Minimum level required for POWER5 hardware</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multipath_I/O" title="Multipath I/O">MPIO</a> for <a href="/wiki/Fibre_Channel" title="Fibre Channel">Fibre Channel</a> disks</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISCSI" title="ISCSI">iSCSI</a> Initiator software</li> <li>Participation in <a href="/wiki/Dynamic_Logical_Partitioning" title="Dynamic Logical Partitioning">Dynamic LPAR</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Concurrent_I/O&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Concurrent I/O (page does not exist)">Concurrent I/O</a> (CIO) feature introduced for <a href="/wiki/JFS2" class="mw-redirect" title="JFS2">JFS2</a> released in Maintenance Level 01 in May 2003<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>AIX 5L 5.1,<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> May 4, 2001,<sup id="cite_ref-archived-aix-5-dates_35-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archived-aix-5-dates-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> end of support April 1, 2006<sup id="cite_ref-archived-aix-5-dates_35-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archived-aix-5-dates-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Ability to run on an <a href="/wiki/IA-64" title="IA-64">IA-64</a> architecture processor, although this never went beyond beta.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Minimum level required for POWER4 hardware and the last release that worked on the <a href="/wiki/Micro_Channel_architecture" title="Micro Channel architecture">Micro Channel architecture</a></li> <li>64-bit <a href="/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)" title="Kernel (operating system)">kernel</a>, installed but not activated by default</li> <li>JFS2</li> <li>Ability to run in a <a href="/wiki/LPAR" class="mw-redirect" title="LPAR">Logical Partition</a> on <a href="/wiki/POWER4" title="POWER4">POWER4</a></li> <li>The L stands for <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> affinity</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trusted_Computing_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Trusted Computing Base">Trusted Computing Base</a> (TCB)</li> <li>Support for mirroring with striping</li></ul></li> <li>AIX 4.3.3, September 17, 1999<sup id="cite_ref-:2_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Online <a href="/wiki/Backup" title="Backup">backup</a> function</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workload_Manager" title="Workload Manager">Workload Manager</a> (WLM)</li> <li>Introduction of topas utility<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul></li> <li>AIX 4.3.2, October 23, 1998<sup id="cite_ref-:2_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>AIX 4.3.1, April 24, 1998<sup id="cite_ref-:2_51-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>First <a href="/wiki/Trusted_Computer_System_Evaluation_Criteria" title="Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria">TCSEC security evaluation</a>, completed December 18, 1998<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>AIX 4.3, October 31, 1997<sup id="cite_ref-:2_51-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Ability to run on 64-bit <a href="/wiki/CPU_design" class="mw-redirect" title="CPU design">architecture</a> CPUs</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPv6" title="IPv6">IPv6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web-based_System_Manager" class="mw-redirect" title="Web-based System Manager">Web-based System Manager</a></li></ul></li> <li>AIX 4.2.1, April 25, 1997<sup id="cite_ref-:2_51-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Network_File_System_(protocol)" class="mw-redirect" title="Network File System (protocol)">NFS</a> Version 3</li> <li>Y2K-compliant</li></ul></li> <li>AIX 4.2, May 17, 1996<sup id="cite_ref-:2_51-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>AIX 4.1.5, November 8, 1996<sup id="cite_ref-:2_51-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>AIX 4.1.4, October 20, 1995<sup id="cite_ref-:2_51-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>AIX 4.1.3, July 7, 1995<sup id="cite_ref-:2_51-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_Desktop_Environment" title="Common Desktop Environment">CDE</a> 1.0 became the default GUI environment, replacing the AIXwindows Desktop.</li></ul></li> <li>AIX 4.1.1, October 28, 1994<sup id="cite_ref-:2_51-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>AIX 4.1, August 12, 1994<sup id="cite_ref-:2_51-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>AIX Ultimedia Services introduced (multimedia drivers and applications)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul></li> <li>AIX 4.0, 1994 <ul><li>Run on RS/6000 systems with <a href="/wiki/PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC</a> processors and <a href="/wiki/Peripheral_Component_Interconnect" title="Peripheral Component Interconnect">PCI</a> busses.</li></ul></li> <li>AIX 3.2.5, October 15, 1993<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>AIX 3.2 1992<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>AIX 3.1, (General Availability) February 1990<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <ul><li>Journaled File System (<a href="/wiki/IBM_Journaled_File_System_2_(JFS2)" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM Journaled File System 2 (JFS2)">JFS</a>) filesystem type</li> <li>AIXwindows Desktop (based on <a href="/wiki/X.desktop" title="X.desktop">X.desktop</a> from <a href="/wiki/IXI_Limited" title="IXI Limited">IXI Limited</a>)</li></ul></li> <li>AIX 3.0 1989 (Early Access) <ul><li>LVM (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Logical_Volume_Manager_(AIX)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Logical Volume Manager (AIX) (page does not exist)">Logical Volume Manager</a>) was incorporated into OSF/1, and in 1995 for HP-UX,<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Linux LVM implementation is similar to the HP-UX LVM implementation.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_AIX_SMIT" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM AIX SMIT">SMIT</a> was introduced.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IBM_System/370_releases"><span id="IBM_System.2F370_releases"></span>IBM System/370 releases</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: IBM System/370 releases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>AIX/ESA Version 2 Release 2<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Announced December 15, 1992</li> <li>Available February 26, 1993</li> <li>Withdrawn Jun 19, 1993</li> <li>Runs only in S/370-ESA mode</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>AIX/ESA Version 2 Release 1<sup id="cite_ref-ENUS292-183_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENUS292-183-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Announced March 31, 1992</li> <li>Available June 26, 1992</li> <li>Withdrawn Jun 19, 1993</li> <li>Runs only in S/370-ESA mode</li></ul></li> <li>AIX/370 Version 1 Release 2.1<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Announced February 5, 1991</li> <li>Available February February 22, 1991</li> <li>Withdrawn December 31, 1992</li> <li>Does not run in XA, ESA or z mode</li></ul></li> <li>AIX/370 Version 1 Release 1<sup id="cite_ref-ENUS288-130_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENUS288-130-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Announced March 15, 1988</li> <li>Available February 16, 1989</li> <li>Does not run in XA, ESA or z mode</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IBM_PS/2_releases"><span id="IBM_PS.2F2_releases"></span>IBM PS/2 releases</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: IBM PS/2 releases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>AIX PS/2 v1.3, October 1992<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <ul><li>Withdrawn from sale in US, March 1995</li> <li>Patches supporting IBM ThinkPad 750C family of notebook computers, 1994</li> <li>Patches supporting non PS/2 hardware and systems, 1993</li></ul></li> <li>AIX PS/2 v1.2.1, May 1991<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>AIX PS/2 v1.2, March 1990<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>AIX PS/2 v1.1, March 1989<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IBM_RT_releases">IBM RT releases</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: IBM RT releases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>AIX RT v2.2.1, March 1991<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>AIX RT v2.2, March 1990<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>AIX RT v2.1, March 1989<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <ul><li>X-Windows included on installation media</li></ul></li> <li>AIX RT v1.1, 1986<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>AIX RT v1.0, 1985<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="User_interfaces">User interfaces</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: User interfaces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CDE_2012_on_Linux.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/CDE_2012_on_Linux.png/220px-CDE_2012_on_Linux.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/CDE_2012_on_Linux.png/330px-CDE_2012_on_Linux.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/CDE_2012_on_Linux.png/440px-CDE_2012_on_Linux.png 2x" data-file-width="1013" data-file-height="765" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Common_Desktop_Environment" title="Common Desktop Environment">Common Desktop Environment</a>, AIX's default <a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">graphical user interface</a> </figcaption></figure> <p>The default shell was <a href="/wiki/Bourne_shell" title="Bourne shell">Bourne shell</a> up to AIX version 3, but was changed to <a href="/wiki/KornShell" title="KornShell">KornShell</a> (ksh88) in version 4 for <a href="/wiki/XPG4" class="mw-redirect" title="XPG4">XPG4</a> and <a href="/wiki/POSIX" title="POSIX">POSIX</a> compliance.<sup id="cite_ref-CannonTrent1999_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CannonTrent1999-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Graphical">Graphical</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Graphical"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Common_Desktop_Environment" title="Common Desktop Environment">Common Desktop Environment</a> (CDE) is AIX's default <a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">graphical user interface</a>. As part of Linux Affinity and the free <a href="/wiki/AIX_Toolbox_for_Linux_Applications" title="AIX Toolbox for Linux Applications">AIX Toolbox for Linux Applications</a> (ATLA), open-source <a href="/wiki/KDE_Plasma_Workspaces" class="mw-redirect" title="KDE Plasma Workspaces">KDE Plasma Workspaces</a> and <a href="/wiki/GNOME" title="GNOME">GNOME</a> desktop are also available.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="System_Management_Interface_Tool">System Management Interface Tool</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: System Management Interface Tool"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/System_Management_Interface_Tool" title="System Management Interface Tool">System Management Interface Tool</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Screenshot_of_IBM_AIX_SMIT_Initial_Menu.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/32/Screenshot_of_IBM_AIX_SMIT_Initial_Menu.png/250px-Screenshot_of_IBM_AIX_SMIT_Initial_Menu.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/32/Screenshot_of_IBM_AIX_SMIT_Initial_Menu.png/330px-Screenshot_of_IBM_AIX_SMIT_Initial_Menu.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/3/32/Screenshot_of_IBM_AIX_SMIT_Initial_Menu.png 2x" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="244" /></a><figcaption>The initial menu, when running in text mode</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/IBM_AIX_SMIT" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM AIX SMIT">SMIT</a> is the System Management Interface Tool for AIX. It allows a user to navigate a menu hierarchy of commands, rather than using the command line. Invocation is typically achieved with the command <code>smit</code>. Experienced system administrators make use of the <code>F6</code> function key which generates the command line that SMIT will invoke to complete it. SMIT also generates a log of commands that are performed in the <code>smit.script</code> file. The <code>smit.script</code> file automatically records the commands with the command flags and parameters used. The <code>smit.script</code> file can be used as an executable shell script to rerun system configuration tasks. SMIT also creates the <code>smit.log</code> file, which contains additional detailed information that can be used by programmers in extending the SMIT system. </p><p><code>smit</code> and <code>smitty</code> refer to the same program, though <code>smitty</code> invokes the text-based version, while <code>smit</code> will invoke an X Window System based interface if possible; however, if <code>smit</code> determines that X Window System capabilities are not present, it will present the text-based version instead of failing. Determination of X Window System capabilities is typically performed by checking for the existence of the <code>DISPLAY</code> variable.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Database">Database</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Database"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Object Data Manager</b> (<b>ODM</b>) is a database of system information integrated into AIX,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> analogous to the <a href="/wiki/Windows_registry" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows registry">registry</a> in <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Nemeth2011_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nemeth2011-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A good understanding of the ODM is essential for managing AIX systems.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Data managed in ODM is stored and maintained as <a href="/wiki/Object_(computer_science)" title="Object (computer science)">objects</a> with associated <a href="/wiki/Attribute_(computing)" title="Attribute (computing)">attributes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-globalknowledge_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-globalknowledge-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Interaction with ODM is possible via <a href="/wiki/Application_programming_interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Application programming interface">application programming interface</a> (API) <a href="/wiki/Library_(computing)" title="Library (computing)">library</a> for programs, and <a href="/wiki/Command-line_utilities" class="mw-redirect" title="Command-line utilities">command-line utilities</a> such as <i>odmshow</i>, <i>odmget</i>, <i>odmadd</i>, <i>odmchange</i> and <i>odmdelete</i> for <a href="/wiki/Shell_script" title="Shell script">shell scripts</a> and users. <a href="/wiki/System_Management_Interface_Tool" title="System Management Interface Tool">SMIT</a> and its associated AIX commands can also be used to query and modify information in the ODM.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ODM is stored on disk using <a href="/wiki/Berkeley_DB" title="Berkeley DB">Berkeley DB</a> files.<sup id="cite_ref-Hein_2010_p._64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hein_2010_p.-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Example of information stored in the ODM database are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Computer_network" title="Computer network">Network</a> configuration<sup id="cite_ref-:1_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logical_volume_management" title="Logical volume management">Logical volume management</a> configuration<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Installed software information<sup id="cite_ref-:1_58-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Information for logical devices or <a href="/wiki/Software_driver" class="mw-redirect" title="Software driver">software drivers</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>List of all AIX supported devices<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Physical hardware devices installed and their configuration<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Menus, screens and commands that SMIT uses<sup id="cite_ref-:1_58-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_Operating_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic Operating System">AOS</a>, IBM's educational-market port of <a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Software_Distribution" title="Berkeley Software Distribution">4.3BSD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_High_Availability_Cluster_Multiprocessing" title="IBM High Availability Cluster Multiprocessing">IBM PowerHA SystemMirror</a> (formerly HACMP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Unix_systems" title="List of Unix systems">List of Unix systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nmon" title="Nmon">nmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operating_systems_timeline" class="mw-redirect" title="Operating systems timeline">Operating systems timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_Update_Management_Assistant" title="Service Update Management Assistant">Service Update Management Assistant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vital_Product_Data" title="Vital Product Data">Vital Product Data</a> (VPD)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_AIX&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFPrenessa_Lowery2021" class="citation web cs1">Prenessa Lowery (February 23, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://community.ibm.com/community/user/power/blogs/prenessa-lowery1/2021/01/26/35-years-of-innovation">"35 Years of Innovation"</a>. IBM. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210311182158/https://community.ibm.com/community/user/power/blogs/prenessa-lowery1/2021/01/26/35-years-of-innovation">Archived</a> from the original on March 11, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 24,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=35+Years+of+Innovation&rft.pub=IBM&rft.date=2021-02-23&rft.au=Prenessa+Lowery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcommunity.ibm.com%2Fcommunity%2Fuser%2Fpower%2Fblogs%2Fprenessa-lowery1%2F2021%2F01%2F26%2F35-years-of-innovation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIBM+AIX" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AIX73TL2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AIX73TL2_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/aix/7.3?topic=aix-release-notes">"AIX 7.3 Release Notes"</a>. <i>www.ibm.com</i>. November 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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IBM. September 29, 2015. 915-204<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Software+withdrawal+and+support+discontinuance%3A+IBM+AIX+6%2C+IBM+System+Director+for+Power+Systems+and+associated+licensed+programs&rft.pub=IBM&rft.date=2015-09-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibm.com%2Fdocs%2Fen%2Fannouncements%2Farchive%2FENUS915-204&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIBM+AIX" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibm.com/common/ssi/cgi-bin/ssialias?subtype=ca&infotype=an&appname=iSource&supplier=897&letternum=ENUS210-200">"IBM AIX V7.1 and IBM PowerVM V2.2 offer new functions for virtualization, security, reliability, and system management for mission-critical, core business applications"</a>. 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IBM. October 19, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Software+withdrawal+and+support+discontinuance%3A+IBM+AIX+7.1+Standard+edition%2C+IBM+AIX+7.1+Enterprise+editions+1.5%2C+and+IBM+AIX+Dynamic+System+Optimizer+1.1&rft.pub=IBM&rft.date=2021-10-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibm.com%2Fcommon%2Fssi%2Fcgi-bin%2Fssialias%3Fsubtype%3Dca%26infotype%3Dan%26appname%3DiSource%26supplier%3D897%26letternum%3DENUS921-107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIBM+AIX" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibm.com/common/ssi/cgi-bin/ssialias?subtype=ca&infotype=an&appname=iSource&supplier=897&letternum=ENUS215-393">"IBM AIX 7.2 delivers the reliability, availability, performance, and security needed to be successful in the new global economy"</a>. IBM. October 5, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IBM+AIX+7.2+delivers+the+reliability%2C+availability%2C+performance%2C+and+security+needed+to+be+successful+in+the+new+global+economy&rft.pub=IBM&rft.date=2015-10-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibm.com%2Fcommon%2Fssi%2Fcgi-bin%2Fssialias%3Fsubtype%3Dca%26infotype%3Dan%26appname%3DiSource%26supplier%3D897%26letternum%3DENUS215-393&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIBM+AIX" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibm.com/common/ssi/cgi-bin/ssialias?subtype=ca&infotype=an&appname=iSource&supplier=897&letternum=ENUS221-328">"IBM delivers enhanced capabilities with IBM AIX 7.3 Standard Edition"</a>. 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October 19, 2021. 221-328<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IBM+delivers+enhanced+capabilities+with+IBM+AIX+7.3+Standard+Edition&rft.pub=IBM&rft.date=2021-10-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibm.com%2Fdocs%2Fen%2Fannouncements%2Faix-73-standard-edition&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIBM+AIX" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IBM_AIX_7.2_Announcement_Letter-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IBM_AIX_7.2_Announcement_Letter_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/announcements/archive/ENUS215-393">"IBM AIX 7.2 delivers the reliability, availability, performance, and security needed to be successful in the new global economy"</a> (Announcement letter). IBM.com. October 5, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IBM+AIX+7.2+delivers+the+reliability%2C+availability%2C+performance%2C+and+security+needed+to+be+successful+in+the+new+global+economy&rft.pub=IBM.com&rft.date=2015-10-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibm.com%2Fdocs%2Fen%2Fannouncements%2Farchive%2FENUS215-393&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIBM+AIX" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFScott_Vetter,_Navdeep_Dhaliwal,_Ahmed_Mashhour,_Armin_Röll,_Liviu_Rosca2020" class="citation book cs1">Scott Vetter, Navdeep Dhaliwal, Ahmed Mashhour, Armin Röll, Liviu Rosca (February 4, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ni3KDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA66">"Chapter 2.2 AIX Secure boot"</a>. <i>IBM AIX Enhancements and Modernization</i>. IBM Redbooks. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0738458281" title="Special:BookSources/978-0738458281"><bdi>978-0738458281</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220412234349/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ni3KDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA66">Archived</a> from the original on April 12, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 18,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ibm.com&rft.atitle=IBM+Knowledge+Center%3A+Object+data+manager&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibm.com%2Fsupport%2Fknowledgecenter%2Fssw_aix_71%2Fcom.ibm.aix.genprogc%2Fodm.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIBM+AIX" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nemeth2011-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nemeth2011_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNemeth2011" class="citation book cs1">Nemeth, Evi (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0SIdBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA432">"Chapter 13. Drivers and the Kernel"</a>. <i>UNIX and Linux System Administration Handbook</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 12,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=AIX+5L+Administration&rft.pages=150&rft.pub=Mcgraw-hill&rft.date=2002-08-02&rft.isbn=9780072222555&rft.aulast=Michael&rft.aufirst=Randal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNS_2z4e67sQC%26q%3D%2522object%2Bdata%2Bmanager%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIBM+AIX" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-globalknowledge-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-globalknowledge_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.globalknowledge.com/us-en/resources/resource-library/white-papers/understanding-the-aix-object-data-manager/">"IBM Training White Paper: Understanding the AIX Object Data Manager"</a>. <i>globalknowledge.com</i>. Global Knowledge. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160807075832/https://www.globalknowledge.com/us-en/resources/resource-library/white-papers/understanding-the-aix-object-data-manager/">Archived</a> from the original on August 7, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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"O'Reilly Media, Inc.". p. 67. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780596550493" title="Special:BookSources/9780596550493"><bdi>9780596550493</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220123044336/https://books.google.com/books?id=uRW8V9QOL7YC&q=%22object+data+manager%22+AIX&pg=PT91">Archived</a> from the original on January 23, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 12,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Essential+System+Administration%3A+Tools+and+Techniques+for+Linux+and+Unix+Administration&rft.pages=67&rft.pub=%22O%27Reilly+Media%2C+Inc.%22&rft.date=2002-08-23&rft.isbn=9780596550493&rft.aulast=Frisch&rft.aufirst=%C3%86leen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuRW8V9QOL7YC%26q%3D%2522object%2Bdata%2Bmanager%2522%2BAIX%26pg%3DPT91&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIBM+AIX" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hein_2010_p.-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hein_2010_p._64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHein2010" class="citation book cs1">Hein, Trent (2010). <i>Unix and Linux System Administration Handbook, Fourth Edition</i>. S.l: Pearson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-13-211736-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-13-211736-4"><bdi>978-0-13-211736-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1192343222">1192343222</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Unix+and+Linux+System+Administration+Handbook%2C+Fourth+Edition&rft.place=S.l&rft.pub=Pearson&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1192343222&rft.isbn=978-0-13-211736-4&rft.aulast=Hein&rft.aufirst=Trent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIBM+AIX" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style 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navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hardware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_mainframe" title="IBM mainframe">Mainframe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Z" title="IBM Z">IBM Z</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Power_microprocessors" title="IBM Power microprocessors">Power microprocessors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Power_Systems" title="IBM Power Systems">Power Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_storage" title="IBM storage">Storage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_FlashSystem" title="IBM FlashSystem">FlashSystem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_DS8000_series" title="IBM DS8000 series">DS8000</a></li></ul></li> <li>Quantum <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Q_System_One" title="IBM Q System One">Q System One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Q_System_Two" title="IBM Q System Two">Q System Two</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Eagle" title="IBM Eagle">Eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Osprey" title="IBM Osprey">Osprey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Heron" title="IBM Heron">Heron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Condor" title="IBM Condor">Condor</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Blue_Gene" title="IBM Blue Gene">Blue Gene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cell_(processor)" title="Cell (processor)">Cell microprocessors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midrange_computer" title="Midrange computer">Midrange computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Personal_Computer" title="IBM Personal Computer">Personal Computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Selectric" title="IBM Selectric">Selectric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad" title="ThinkPad">ThinkPad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_Design_System" title="Carbon Design System">Carbon Design System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Cloud" title="IBM Cloud">Cloud</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cloudant" title="Cloudant">Cloudant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Cognos_Analytics" title="IBM Cognos Analytics">Cognos Analytics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HCL_Connections" title="HCL Connections">Connections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_Reduction_Utilising_Statistical_History" title="Criminal Reduction Utilising Statistical History">Criminal Reduction Utilising Statistical History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortran" title="Fortran">Fortran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ILOG" title="ILOG">ILOG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Information_Management_Software" title="IBM Information Management Software">Information Management Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus_Software" title="Lotus Software">Lotus Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_IBM_mainframe_operating_systems" title="History of IBM mainframe operating systems">Mainframe operating systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Mashup_Center" title="IBM Mashup Center">Mashup Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Planning_Analytics" title="IBM Planning Analytics">Planning Analytics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PureQuery" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM PureQuery">PureQuery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Quantum_Platform" title="IBM Quantum Platform">Quantum Platform</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qiskit" title="Qiskit">Qiskit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenQASM" title="OpenQASM">OpenQASM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rational_Software" title="Rational Software">Rational Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPSS" title="SPSS">SPSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tivoli_Software" title="Tivoli Software">Tivoli Software</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tivoli_Service_Automation_Manager" title="Tivoli Service Automation Manager">Service Automation Manager</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Watson" title="IBM Watson">Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Watsonx" title="IBM Watsonx">Watsonx</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Granite" title="IBM Granite">Granite</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_WebSphere" title="IBM WebSphere">WebSphere</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Business<br />entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apptio" title="Apptio">Apptio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Center_for_The_Business_of_Government" title="IBM Center for The Business of Government">Center for The Business of Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Consulting" title="IBM Consulting">Consulting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Promontory_Financial_Group" title="Promontory Financial Group">Promontory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenexa" title="Kenexa">Kenexa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_subsidiaries_of_IBM" title="List of international subsidiaries of IBM">International subsidiaries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_India" title="IBM India">India</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Press" title="IBM Press">Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hat" title="Red Hat">Red Hat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Research" title="IBM Research">Research</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AdStar" title="AdStar">AdStar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AIM_alliance" title="AIM alliance">AIM alliance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaleida_Labs" title="Kaleida Labs">Kaleida Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taligent" title="Taligent">Taligent</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambra_Computer_Corporation" title="Ambra Computer Corporation">Ambra Computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cognos" title="Cognos">Cognos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EduQuest" title="EduQuest">EduQuest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyndryl" title="Kyndryl">Kyndryl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexmark" title="Lexmark">Lexmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merative" title="Merative">Merative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Microelectronics" title="IBM Microelectronics">Microelectronics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Product_Center" title="IBM Product Center">Product Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_Research_Associates" title="Science Research Associates">Science Research Associates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_Bureau_Corporation" title="Service Bureau Corporation">Service Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Weather_Company" title="The Weather Company">The Weather Company</a> (<a href="/wiki/Weather_Underground_(weather_service)" title="Weather Underground (weather service)">Weather Underground</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Towers <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1250_Ren%C3%A9-L%C3%A9vesque" title="1250 René-Lévesque">1250 René-Lévesque</a>, Montreal, QC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Atlantic_Center" title="One Atlantic Center">One Atlantic Center</a>, Atlanta, GA</li></ul></li> <li>Software Labs <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Rome_Software_Lab" title="IBM Rome Software Lab">Rome Software Lab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Toronto_Software_Lab" title="IBM Toronto Software Lab">Toronto Software Lab</a></li></ul></li> <li>IBM Buildings <ul><li><a href="/wiki/330_North_Wabash" title="330 North Wabash">330 North Wabash</a>, Chicago, IL</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Building,_Honolulu" title="IBM Building, Honolulu">Honolulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1200_Fifth" title="1200 Fifth">Seattle</a></li></ul></li> <li>Facilities <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Watson_Research_Center" title="Thomas J. Watson Research Center">Thomas J. Watson Research Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Hakozaki_Facility" title="IBM Hakozaki Facility">Hakozaki Facility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Yamato_Facility" title="IBM Yamato Facility">Yamato Facility</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Scientific_Center" title="Cambridge Scientific Center">Cambridge Scientific Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Hursley" title="IBM Hursley">IBM Hursley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Canada_Head_Office_Building" title="IBM Canada Head Office Building">Canada Head Office Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Rochester" title="IBM Rochester">IBM Rochester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Initiatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Academy of Technology</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Deep_Thunder" title="IBM Deep Thunder">Deep Thunder</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Develothon" title="Develothon">Develothon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Fellow" title="IBM Fellow">Fellow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM%27s_The_Great_Mind_Challenge" title="IBM's The Great Mind Challenge">The Great Mind Challenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_Technology_Center" title="Linux Technology Center">Linux Technology Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_SkillsBuild" title="IBM SkillsBuild">SkillsBuild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smarter_Planet" title="Smarter Planet">Smarter Planet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Virtual_Universe_Community" title="IBM Virtual Universe Community">Virtual Universe Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Community_Grid" title="World Community Grid">World Community Grid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Think_conference" title="IBM Think conference">Think conference</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inventions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automated_teller_machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Automated teller machine">Automated teller machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynefin_framework" title="Cynefin framework">Cynefin framework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_random-access_memory" title="Dynamic random-access memory">DRAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keypunch" title="Keypunch">Electronic keypunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floppy_disk" title="Floppy disk">Floppy disk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_disk_drive" title="Hard disk drive">Hard disk drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetic_stripe_card" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnetic stripe card">Magnetic stripe card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relational_model" title="Relational model">Relational model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabre_(travel_reservation_system)" title="Sabre (travel reservation system)">Sabre airline reservation system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scanning_tunneling_microscope" title="Scanning tunneling microscope">Scanning tunneling microscope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swap_(finance)" title="Swap (finance)">Financial swaps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Product_Code" title="Universal Product Code">Universal Product Code</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terminology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Blue" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Blue">Big Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Processing_Workload" title="Commercial Processing Workload">Commercial Processing Workload</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Customer_engineer" title="Customer engineer">Customer engineer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globally_integrated_enterprise" title="Globally integrated enterprise">Globally integrated enterprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_business" title="Electronic business">e-business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Think_(slogan)" title="Think (slogan)">Think slogan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_IBM_CEOs" title="List of IBM CEOs">CEOs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Watson" title="Thomas J. Watson">Thomas J. Watson</a> (1914–1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Watson_Jr." title="Thomas J. Watson Jr.">Thomas Watson Jr.</a> (1956–1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._Vincent_Learson" title="T. Vincent Learson">T. Vincent Learson</a> (1971–1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_T._Cary" title="Frank T. Cary">Frank T. Cary</a> (1973–1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Opel" title="John R. Opel">John R. Opel</a> (1981–1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fellows_Akers" title="John Fellows Akers">John Fellows Akers</a> (1985–1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Gerstner" title="Lou Gerstner">Louis V. Gerstner Jr.</a> (1993–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Palmisano" title="Samuel J. Palmisano">Samuel J. Palmisano</a> (2002–2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginni_Rometty" title="Ginni Rometty">Ginni Rometty</a> (2012–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvind_Krishna" title="Arvind Krishna">Arvind Krishna</a> (since 2020)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Board of<br />directors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Buberl" title="Thomas Buberl">Thomas Buberl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Farr_(businessman)" title="David Farr (businessman)">David Farr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Gorsky" title="Alex Gorsky">Alex Gorsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Howard" title="Michelle Howard">Michelle J. Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvind_Krishna" title="Arvind Krishna">Arvind Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Liveris" title="Andrew Liveris">Andrew Liveris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_E._Pollack" class="mw-redirect" title="Martha E. Pollack">Martha E. Pollack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_R._Swedish" title="Joseph R. Swedish">Joseph R. Swedish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Voser" title="Peter Voser">Peter R. Voser</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Boy_and_His_Atom" title="A Boy and His Atom">A Boy and His Atom</a></i></li> <li>Big Blue sports teams <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Big_Blue_(X-League)" title="IBM Big Blue (X-League)">American football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Big_Blue_(rugby_union)" title="IBM Big Blue (rugby union)">Rugby union</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Public_License" title="Common Public License">Common Public License</a>/<a href="/wiki/IBM_Public_License" title="IBM Public License">IBM Public License</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Wallace_v._International_Business_Machines_Corp." title="Wallace v. International Business Machines Corp.">Wallace v. International Business Machines Corp.</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Blue_(chess_computer)" title="Deep Blue (chess computer)">Deep Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Thought_(chess_computer)" title="Deep Thought (chess computer)">Deep Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_infrastructure" title="Dynamic infrastructure">Dynamic infrastructure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GlobalFoundries" title="GlobalFoundries">GlobalFoundries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GUIDE_International" title="GUIDE International">GUIDE International</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/IBM_and_the_Holocaust" title="IBM and the Holocaust">IBM and the Holocaust</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_international_chess_tournament" title="IBM international chess tournament">International chess tournament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucifer_(cipher)" title="Lucifer (cipher)">Lucifer cipher</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mathematica:_A_World_of_Numbers..._and_Beyond" title="Mathematica: A World of Numbers... and Beyond">Mathematica</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Plex" title="IBM Plex">IBM Plex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SHARE_(computing)" title="SHARE (computing)">SHARE computing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ScicomP" title="ScicomP">ScicomP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_and_unions" title="IBM and unions">Unions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:IBM" title="Category:IBM">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/IBM" class="extiw" title="commons:IBM">Commons</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Template"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/16px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/23px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/31px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:IBM_navigational_boxes" title="Category:IBM navigational boxes">Navigational boxes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:IBM_FOSS" title="Template:IBM FOSS">FOSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IBM_midrange_computers" title="Template:IBM midrange computers">Midrange computers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IBM_operating_systems" title="Template:IBM operating systems">Operating systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IBM_personal_computers" title="Template:IBM personal computers">Personal computers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IBM_System/360_line" title="Template:IBM System/360 line">System/360</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IBM_System/370_line" title="Template:IBM System/370 line">System/370</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IBM_typewriters" 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href="/wiki/INK_(operating_system)" title="INK (operating system)">INK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNK_operating_system" title="CNK operating system">CNK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux" title="Red Hat Enterprise Linux">Red Hat Enterprise Linux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Server_(computing)" title="Server (computing)">Server</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mainframe_computer" title="Mainframe computer">mainframe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_7090/94_IBSYS" title="IBM 7090/94 IBSYS">IBSYS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BOS/360" title="BOS/360">BOS/360</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOS/360" class="mw-redirect" title="TOS/360">TOS/360</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSS_(operating_system)" title="TSS (operating system)">TSS/360</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Remote_Access_Computing" title="IBM Remote Access Computing">RAX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DOS/360_and_successors" title="DOS/360 and successors">DOS/360 and successors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VSE_(operating_system)" title="VSE (operating system)">VSE</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS/360_and_successors" title="OS/360 and successors">OS/360 and successors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OS/VS1" title="OS/VS1">OS/VS1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS/VS2_(SVS)" title="OS/VS2 (SVS)">SVS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MVS" title="MVS">MVS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS/390" title="OS/390">OS/390</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z/OS" title="Z/OS">z/OS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_CP/CMS" title="History of CP/CMS">VM line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Airline_Control_Program" title="IBM Airline Control Program">ACP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transaction_Processing_Facility" title="Transaction Processing Facility">TPF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Control_Program_Facility" title="Control Program Facility">CPF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratus_VOS" title="Stratus VOS">System/88 OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_i" title="IBM i">IBM i</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">AIX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_on_IBM_Z" title="Linux on IBM Z">zLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_8100_DPCX" title="IBM 8100 DPCX">DPCX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_DPPX" title="IBM DPPX">DPPX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_Support_Program" title="System Support Program">SSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Real_Time_Operating_System" title="Special Real Time Operating System">SRTOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux" title="Red Hat Enterprise Linux">Red Hat Enterprise Linux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Desktop_computer" title="Desktop computer">Desktop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Workstation" title="Workstation">workstation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Textpack" class="mw-redirect" title="Textpack">Textpack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PC_DOS" title="IBM PC DOS">PC DOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DOS/V" title="DOS/V">DOS/V</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PC/IX" class="mw-redirect" title="PC/IX">PC/IX</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">AIX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS/2" title="OS/2">OS/2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_RT_PC#Software" title="IBM RT PC">AOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux" title="Red Hat Enterprise Linux">Red Hat Enterprise Linux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Point_of_sale" title="Point of sale">Point of sale</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FlexOS#4680_OS" title="FlexOS">4680 OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4690_Operating_System" title="4690 Operating System">4690 OS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taligent" title="Taligent">Taligent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workplace_OS" title="Workplace OS">Workplace OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Monterey" title="Project Monterey">Monterey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Trillian" class="mw-redirect" title="Project Trillian">Trillian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K42" title="K42">K42</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fedora_Linux" title="Fedora Linux">Fedora Linux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:IBM_operating_systems" title="Category:IBM operating systems">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Unix_and_Unix-like_operating_systems_and_compatibility_layers622" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Unix" title="Template:Unix"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Unix" title="Template talk:Unix"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Unix" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Unix"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div 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href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating<br />systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><b><a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Software_Distribution" title="Berkeley Software Distribution">BSD</a></b></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/386BSD" title="386BSD">386BSD</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FreeBSD" title="FreeBSD">FreeBSD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NetBSD" title="NetBSD">NetBSD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenBSD" title="OpenBSD">OpenBSD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DragonFly_BSD" title="DragonFly BSD">DragonFly BSD</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darwin_(operating_system)" title="Darwin (operating system)">Darwin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AudioOS" class="mw-redirect" title="AudioOS">audioOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPadOS" title="IPadOS">iPadOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TvOS" title="TvOS">tvOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WatchOS" title="WatchOS">watchOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BridgeOS" title="BridgeOS">bridgeOS</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/DYNIX" title="DYNIX">DYNIX</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/NeXTSTEP" title="NeXTSTEP">NeXTSTEP</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/SunOS" title="SunOS">SunOS</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ultrix" title="Ultrix">Ultrix</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><b><a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Compatibility_layer" title="Compatibility layer">Compatibility<br />layers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cygwin" title="Cygwin">Cygwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darling_(software)" title="Darling (software)">Darling</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eunice_(software)" title="Eunice (software)">Eunice</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/OpenVMS#Cross_platform_compatibility" title="OpenVMS">GNV</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Interix" title="Interix">Interix</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/MachTen" title="MachTen">MachTen</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_POSIX_subsystem" title="Microsoft POSIX subsystem">Microsoft POSIX subsystem</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/MKS_Toolkit" title="MKS Toolkit">MKS Toolkit</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/IBM_i#PASE" title="IBM i">PASE</a></i></li> <li><i><a 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